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  • BVB  (58)
  • 1980-1984  (58)
  • Cambridge : Cambridge University Press  (58)
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Language
Year
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511983931
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (x, 342 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305.5/62/0954
    Keywords: Working class / India ; Arbeit ; Sozialanthropologie ; Arbeiter ; Indien ; Indien ; Indien ; Arbeiter ; Sozialanthropologie ; Indien ; Arbeit
    Abstract: This study focuses on the uneasy relationship between permanent 'organised sector' and temporary 'unorganised sector' workers in India. Does India indeed have a dual economy and society in which these two groups of workers, only one side enjoying the protection of the Factory Acts and Trades Unions, regard themselves and act as distinct classes with opposed interests? Drawing upon his own extensive fieldwork amongst Indian workers, employers and unionists, and on his familiarity with the anthropological and sociological literature, Dr Holmström strives to come to a better understanding of the thoughts and actions of the workers and the wider economic and political aspects of their situation. He uses a wide range of material, from the opinions and life stories of workers to accounts of recent union movements in the 'unorganized sector', and contributes critically to the- debate on 'dualism' and its underlying assumptions
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511753046
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 178 pages)
    DDC: 306/.09548
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    Keywords: Kaikōlar ; Handel ; Soziale Situation ; Indien
    Abstract: The standard image of Indian society emphasizes its largely agrarian economy and parochial outlook, yet this image ignores the major economic and political role of commerce and artisan production. This book presents a study of one of the most important artisan-merchant communities, the weavers, who form the second largest sector of the south Indian economy. It thus offers an important corrective to the unbalanced picture that we have of Indian social organization from those accounts that have focused almost exclusively on agrarian society. Professor Mines traces the role of the weaver-merchants in the organization, of south Indian states and society from the medieval period to the present, and shows that at times in their history they rivalled the status and power of the agriculturalists. He also demonstrates that, far from being provincial, the weavers have for centuries maintained supralocal organizations to administer their affairs and represent their interests. As the political economy has changed, so they have modified their organizations and created new ones better to fit changing conditions and interests.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511558115
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (vii, 127 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and cultural anthropology 51
    DDC: 305.8/98/0881
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    Keywords: Sozialstruktur ; Indianer ; Guayana
    Abstract: The Amerindian peoples of Guiana, the geographical region of north-east South America, have long been recognized as forming a distinct variety of the tropical forest culture. In this book, Peter Rivière employs a comparative perspective to reveal that Guianan societies, generally characterized as socially fluid and amorphous, are in fact much more highly structured than they first appear, and he identifies certain common patterns of social organization that result from sets of individual choices and relationships. By contrasting the characteristics of Guianan society with those from elsewhere in Lowland South America, he constructs a spectrum of complexity of Amerindian social structure, and argues that the Guianan variant represents the logically simplest form of organization in the area.
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9780511759154
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (xviii, pages 361-716)
    Series Statement: European studies in social psychology 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302
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    Keywords: Social psychology / Europe ; Social interaction / Europe ; Interpersonal communication ; Interpersonal relations ; Sozialpsychologie ; Europa ; Europa ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Europa ; Sozialpsychologie
    Abstract: The two volumes of The Social Dimension present a comprehensive survey of the major developments in social psychology which took place in Europe during the very active 1970s and 1980s. They aim to capture the diversity and vitality of the discipline, stress the growing emphasis on fully social analyses of social psychological phenomena - hence 'the social dimension' - and to provide a valuable resource for researchers in the future. Although comprehensive in scope, the volumes are not written in the formal style of a reference handbook. Instead, the authors of the thirty-three chapters, drawn from more than a dozen mainly European countries and all experts in their own fields, were invited to present their own personal overviews of the issues in social psychology on which they were actively working. Both volumes are organized into three main Parts. Volume 1 is concerned with the social development of the child, interpersonal communication and relationships, and the social reality, group processes, and intergroup relations. This ambitious enterprise has produced a distinctive yet authoritative summary and evaluation of the growth points of social psychology in Europe which will interest and influence not only social psychologists but many readers from related disciplines
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511557743
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 343 pages)
    Series Statement: Themes in the social sciences
    DDC: 302.3/4
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    Keywords: Gruppe ; Freundschaft ; Vertrauen ; Zwischenmenschliche Beziehung ; Patronage ; Interaktion
    Abstract: The form of social relations described by the terms 'patronage' and 'patron-client relations' is of central concern to sociologists, anthropologists and political scientists today. Characterised by its voluntary and highly personal but often fully institutionalised nature, it is a type of behaviour found in almost every human society. It touches upon basic aspects of the construction and regulation of social order and is therefore closely connected to major theoretical problems and controversies in the social sciences. This book analyses some special types of these interpersonal relations - ritual kinship, patron-client relations and friendship - and the social conditions in which they develop. The authors draw upon a wide range of examples, from societies as diverse as these of the Mediterranean, Latin America, the Middle and Far East and the U.S.S.R., in their study of the core characteristics of such relationships. They look at them as mechanisms of social exchange, examine their impact on the institutional structures in which they exist, and assess the significance of the variations in their occurrence. Their analysis highlights the importance of these relationships in social life and concludes with a stimulating discussion of the ensuring tensions and ambivalences and the ways in which these are dealt with - though perhaps never fully overcome. Patrons, clients and friends is the first systematic comparative study of these interpersonal relations and makes the first attempt to relate them to central aspects of social structure. It will therefore be an important contribution to both comparative analysis and social theory and will be of interest to a wide range of social scientists.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511898112
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 219 pages)
    DDC: 306.8/1
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    Keywords: Ehe ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung
    Abstract: This book presents a unique way of looking at and understanding marriage behaviour, based on detailed examination, by interview, of the joint lives of a small sample of married couples. People seek various types of aim in marriage, and the intention of this study is to examine two such possible aims, namely the search for a sense of personal identity and for a sense of stability or security. These particular aims are chosen because, although the seem to be commonly sought, the conditions necessary for the achievement of one appear to conflict with those necessary for the achievement of the other. The study indicates that successful marriages achieve a compromise which fulfils neither end completely. The study advances our knowledge about the internal nature of marriage and offers a means of understanding why marriages fail, and even why changes in divorce and marriage rates occur.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511607998
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (x, 193 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305.5/223/0941
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    Keywords: Geschichte 1700-1800 ; Geschichte 1650-1900 ; Geschichte 1700-1800 ; Geschichte ; Nobility / Great Britain / History / 18th century ; Adel ; Soziale Stellung ; Großbritannien ; Great Britain / Social conditions / 18th century ; Großbritannien ; Großbritannien ; Adel ; Soziale Stellung ; Geschichte 1650-1900 ; Großbritannien ; Adel ; Soziale Stellung ; Geschichte 1650-1900 ; Großbritannien ; Adel ; Geschichte 1700-1800 ; Großbritannien ; Adel ; Geschichte 1700-1800
    Abstract: Since the work of Butterfield and Namier in the 1930s, it has commonly been said that eighteenth-century England appears atomised, left with no overall interpretation. Subsequent work on religious differences and on party strife served to reinforce the image of a divided society, and in the last ten years historians of the poor and unprivileged have suggested that beneath the surface lurked substantial popular discontent. Professor Cannon uses his 1982 Wiles Lecture to offer a different interpretation - that the widespread acceptance of aristocratic values and aristocratic leadership gave a remarkable intellectual, political and social coherence to the century. He traces the recovery made by the aristocracy from its decade in 1649 when the House of Lords was abolished as useless and dangerous. After the Glorious Revolution of 1688, the peerage re-established its hold on government and society. Professor Cannon is forced to challenge some of the most cherished beliefs of English historiography - that Hanoverian society, at its top level, was an open elite, continually replenished by vigorous recruits from other groups and classes. He suggests that, on the contrary, in some respects the English peerage was more exclusive than many of its continental counterparts and that the openness was a myth which itself served a potent political purpose. Of the prospering burgeoisie, he argues that the remarkable thing was not their assertiveness but their long acquiescence in patrician rule, and he poses the paradox of a country increasingly dominated by a landed aristocracy giving birth to the first industrial revolution. His final chapter discusses the ideological under-pinning which made aristocratic supremacy acceptable for so long, and the emergence of those forces and ideals which were ultimately to replace it
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139052283
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 169 pages)
    DDC: 302.3/4
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    Keywords: Spieltheorie ; Wahlverhalten
    Abstract: This book is a theoretical and completely rigorous analysis of voting in committees that provides mathematical proof of the existence of democratic voting systems, which are immune to the manipulation of preferences of coalitions of voters. The author begins by determining the power distribution among voters that is induced by a voting rule, giving particular consideration to choice by plurality voting and Borda's rule. He then constructs, for all possible committees, well-behaved representative voting procedures which are not distorted by strategic voting, giving complete solutions for certain important classes of committees. The solution to the problem of mass elections is fully characterised.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511529139
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 304 pages)
    DDC: 306/.32/0994
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    Keywords: Geschichte ; Grundeigentum ; Wirtschaft ; Siedlung ; Agrarpolitik ; Australien
    Abstract: This book traces the formation of Australian colonial society and economy within the context of the changing fortunes of British hegemony in the nineteenth-century world economy. Australia's transition from conservative origins as a penal colony supporting a grazier class oriented to export production, to liberal agrarian capitalism, was not a simple reflex of imperial setting. Domestically, the 'agrarian question' - who should control the land and to what end? - was the central political struggle of this period, as urban-commercial forces contested the graziers' monopoly, of the landed economy. Embedded in the conflict among settler classes was an international dimension, involving a juxtaposition of laissez-faire and mercantilist phases of British political economy. Professor McMichael argues that the transition from a patriarchal wool-growing colony to a liberal-nationalist form of capitalist development is best understood through a systematic analysis of the effect of the imperial politicoeconomic relationship on the social and political forces within nineteenth-century Australia.
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  • 10
    Book
    Book
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0-521-23203-1
    Language: English
    Pages: v, 90 Seiten
    DDC: 016.306089995
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    Keywords: Papua-Neuguinea Milne Bay Provinz ; Trobriand Insel ; Kula ; Wirtschaft ; Tausch ; Bibliographie ; Bibliografie ; Bibliografie ; Bibliografie ; Bibliografie
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511897993
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 278 pages)
    DDC: 302/.13
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    Keywords: Wohlfahrtstheorie ; Fürsorge ; Kollektiventscheidung
    Abstract: Left freely to themselves, a group of rational individuals often fail to cooperate even when the product of social cooperation is beneficial to all. Hence, the author argues, a rule of collective decision making is clearly needed that specifies how social cooperation should be organised among contributing individuals. Suzumura gives a systematic presentation of the Arrovian impossibility theorems of social choice theory, so as to describe and enumerate the various factors that are responsible for the stability of the voluntary association of free and rational individuals. Among other topics covered are an axiomatic characterisation of the concept of a rational choice, the simple majority decision rule and its extensions, the social choice implications of the concept of equity as nonenvy, the constrained majoritarian collective choice rules and the conflict between the Paretian ethics and the libertarian claims of individual rights.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511470554
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 286 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought 3rd ser., 18
    DDC: 306/.09427/1
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    Abstract: This study of Cheshire and Lancashire society in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries is a unique attempt to reconstruct the social life of an English region in the later Middle Ages. Drawing on the voluminous archives of the two palatinates and the extensive muniment collections of local families, it offers an unusually rich and wide-ranging analysis of a dynamic regional society at a dramatic stage in its history.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511897535
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (x, 606 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.8/5/094
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    Keywords: Geschichte 800-1970 ; Geschichte ; Families / Europe / History ; Households / Europe / History ; Sozialgeschichte ; Familiensoziologie ; Familie ; Geschichte ; Europa ; Europa ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Europa ; Familie ; Sozialgeschichte ; Europa ; Familie ; Geschichte ; Familie ; Geschichte 800-1970 ; Familiensoziologie ; Geschichte
    Abstract: The family forms of historic Europe have been fascinating in their variety. Their importance for the historical development of our continent would be difficult to exaggerate; for our relationship with the peoples of the other continents of the world as well. This book is an attempt to recover the different familial systems and compare them with one another. The studies range from Russia, Poland, Hungary and Austria to Scandinavia, Flanders and Britain. All the influences which have affected the character and composition of European households are taken into account. The analysis covers their function as productive work groups, in the procreation and bringing up of children, and in the support of the elderly, and their relationship with the wider society and its norms along with its political organization, central and local. Claims that inheritance customs and inheritance practice and the occupation of the household head exerted a powerful influence on the size and composition of households are subjected to rigorous and systematic investigation
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511621901
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (xix, 287 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and cultural anthropology 39
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306/.08998
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    Keywords: Alltag, Brauchtum ; Indianer ; Tucano Indians / Social life and customs ; Barasana Indians / Social life and customs ; Indians of South America / Colombia / Social life and customs ; Tucano ; Sozialanthropologie ; Departement Vaupés ; Departement Vaupés ; Tucano ; Sozialanthropologie
    Abstract: The Bará, or Fish People, of the Northwest Amazon form part of an unusual network of intermarrying local communities scattered along the rivers of this region. Each community belongs to one of sixteen different groups that speak sixteen different languages, and marriages must take place between people not only from different communities but with different primary languages. In a network of this sort, which defies the usual label of 'tribe', social identity assumes a distinct and unusual configuration. In this book, Jean Jackson's incisive discussions of Bará marriage, kinship, spatial organization, and other features of the social and geographic landscape show how Tukanoans (as participants in the network are collectively known) conceptualize and tie together their universe of widely scattered communities, and how an individual's identity emerges in terms of relations with others. As theoretically challenging as it is unique, the Tukanoan system bears on a wide range of issues of current anthropological concern, such as how to analyze open-ended regional systems in small-scale societies, ideal versus actual patterns of behaviour, identity as both structure and action, and indigenous use of multiple, even conflicting, models of social structure. Professor Jackson's thoughtful discussions also extend to broader social scientific issues concerning the relation of language to culture, the presence or absence of individualism in pre-state societies, the nature of ethnic boundaries, the interplay between observation of behaviour and its interpretation (on the part of both native and anthropologist), and the achievement of flexibility and self-interested goals while applying seemingly rigid social structural principles
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511897528
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (xviii, 136 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in English legal history
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 346.4204/373
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    Keywords: Geschichte 1601-1740 ; Geschichte 1600 ; Geschichte ; Marriage settlements / England / History ; Recht ; Ehevertrag ; Fideikommiss ; Eheschließung ; Großbritannien ; England ; Hochschulschrift ; Großbritannien ; Eheschließung ; Recht ; Geschichte 1601-1740 ; Großbritannien ; Ehevertrag ; Geschichte 1601-1740 ; England ; Fideikommiss ; Geschichte 1600
    Abstract: The history of the family has become an area of great interest, yet the property arrangements entered into upon marriage, a crucial aspect of the process of familial wealth transmission and distribution in the landed classes in early modern England, have never been systematically studied. In the light of evidence provided by hitherto unused family muniments, Dr Bonfield analyses the legal, social and economic aspects of these settlements, and discusses the development and impact of the strict settlement
    Description / Table of Contents: The medieval inheritance and the Statute of Uses -- Law in transition: the conflict over restraints upon alienation -- Patterns of marriage settlement 1601-1659: the development of the 'life estate-entail' mode -- The emergence of the strict settlement -- The adoption of the strict settlement 1660-1740: Kent and Northamptonshire -- Marriage settlements in perspective: the social and economic aspects
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511621789
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 254 pages)
    Series Statement: Changing cultures
    DDC: 306/.08991497
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    Abstract: In this book Judith Okely challenges popular accounts of Gypsies which suggest that they were once isolated communities, enjoying an autonomous culture and economy now largely eroded by the processes of industrialisation and western capitalism. Dr Okely draws on her own extensive fieldwork and on contemporary documents. The Traveller-Gypsies is the first monograph to be published on Gypsies in Britain using the perspective of social anthropology. It examines the historical origins of the Gypsies, their economy, travelling patterns, self-ascription, kinship and political groupings, and their marriage choices, upbringing and gender divisions. A detailed analysis of pollution beliefs reveals an underlying system which expresses and reinforces the separation of Gypsies from non-Gypsies. Explanations for beliefs are sought in their contemporary meaning as opposed to their alleged Indian origin. None of these aspects are analysed independently of the wider society, its policies, beliefs, and practices. This book will be invaluable for teaching purposes, both as a study of a Gypsy community per se, and for its discussion of the problems involved in carrying out fieldwork within the anthropologist's own society. It will also interest the general reader and the academic specialist; social anthropologists, sociologists, historians, geographers, planners and all those concerned with minority groups.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511622151
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 260 pages)
    DDC: 305.5/62/0941
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This collection of essays by Gareth Stedman Jones proposes a different way of seeing both historians' analytical conceptions of 'class', and the actual manifestation of class in the history of English politics and English culture since the 1830s. As the progenitor of the first generally acknowledged working-class movement, the English working class provided the initial empirical basis for not only the original Marxist theory of modern industry and proletarian revolution, but also subsequent historians' reactions against, or adaptations of, the Marxist theory of class. In Languages of Class Gareth Stedman Jones draws a distinction between two conceptions of class: the everyday and commonplace perception of its pervasiveness in England, and the Marxist idea of its revolutionary significance. He proceeds to challenge the predominant conceptions of the meaning and development of 'class consciousness' by stressing the political and discursive conditions in which particular languages appeared and receded. Among the themes of individual essays in the book are a rethinking of 'the making of the English working class' and the phenomenon of Chartism, a novel exploration of the formation and components of 'working-class culture', and, in the light of these, a new approach to understanding the history of the Labour Party.
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511523984
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (xii, 145 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge Middle East library 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 614.4/9611
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    Keywords: Geschichte 1780-1900 ; Geschichte ; Politik ; Epidemics / Tunisia / History ; Public health / Political aspects / Tunisia / History ; Gesundheitswesen ; Epidemie ; Tunisia / History / 1516-1881 ; Tunesien ; Tunesien ; Epidemie ; Geschichte 1780-1900 ; Tunesien ; Gesundheitswesen ; Geschichte 1780-1900
    Abstract: Severe epidemics of plague, cholera, and typhus swept across Tunisia between the years 1780 and 1900. The society was galvanized into action: medical practitioners, religious authorities, and political leaders all tried to deal with the deadly crises. Muslims had, over many centuries, evolved ideas concerning the origin, prevention, and treatment of epidemic diseases that differed somewhat from those of their European counterparts. With European economic and political expansion that accelerated after the Napoleonic Wars, Muslims found themselves confronted not only by a new source of political power but by a new set of medical ideas. This study traces the medical confrontation through the society's response to epidemic disease
    Description / Table of Contents: Indigenous medicine against plague, 1780-1830 -- Cholera in an age of European economic expansion, 1830-58 -- Cholera, typhus, and economic collapse, 1858-70 -- Colonization and collapse of Arab medical institutions
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511607752
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (xii, 308 pages)
    Series Statement: Past and present publications
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306.8/094
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    Keywords: Geschichte ; Alltag, Brauchtum ; Geschichte ; Families / Europe / History ; Marriage / Europe / History ; Kinship / Europe / History ; Ehe ; Familiensoziologie ; Familie ; Geschichte ; Europa ; Europe / Social life and customs ; Europa ; Einführung ; Einführung ; Europa ; Ehe ; Familie ; Geschichte ; Europa ; Familie ; Geschichte ; Europa ; Ehe ; Geschichte ; Familiensoziologie
    Abstract: Around 300 A.D. European patterns of marriage and kinship were turned on their head. What had previously been the norm - marriage to close kin - became the new taboo. The same applied to adoption, the obligation of a man to marry his brother's widow and a number of other central practices. With these changes Christian Europe broke radically from its own past and established practices which diverged markedly from those of the Middle East, North Africa and Asia. In this highly original and far-reaching work Jack Goody argues that from the fourth century there developed in the northern Mediterranean a distinctive but not undifferentiated kinship system, whose growth can be attributed to the role of the Church in acquiring property formerly held by domestic groups. He suggests that the early Church, faced with the need to provide for people who had left their kin to devote themselves to the life of the Church, regulated the rules of marriage so that wealth could be channelled away from the family and into the Church. Thus the Church became an 'interitor', acquiring vast tracts of property through the alienation of familial rights. At the same time, the structure of domestic life was changed dramatically, the Church placing more emphasis on individual wishes, on conjugality, and on spiritual rather than natural kinship. Tracing the consequences of this change through to the present day, Jack Goody challenges some fundamental assumptions about the making of western society, and provides an alternative focus for future study of the European family, kinship structures and marriage patterns. The questions he raises will provoke much interest and discussion amongst anthropologists, sociologists and historians
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511898150
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 287 pages)
    Series Statement: Comparative ethnic and race relations
    DDC: 305.8/00941
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    Keywords: Rassenfrage ; Politische Sprache ; Rassenkonflikt ; Großbritannien
    Abstract: This book, first published in 1983, examines why people prefer to talk about immigrants or ethnic minorities when they are referring to differences marked not by the migratory process of ethnicity, but by skin colour. How, without mentioning racial criteria, have politicians managed to introduce immigration controls deliberately aimed at reducing the number of black migrants? This book identifies a central feature of British political life: the ability to justify racially discriminatory behaviour without recourse to explicit racist language. It gives an account of British racial ideology as it is practically experienced in the form of political discourse and helps to provide a theoretical understanding of its relationship to the social structure as a whole and in particular its relationship to inter- and intra-class divisions. The author argues that traditional class-based ideologies are perfectly capable of supporting racially oppressive institutions and have far better 'protective' properties than expressions of overt racism. As a result, the objective structures of British race relations are obscured by a facade of 'deracialised ideology'.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511659843
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 201 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and cultural anthropology 46
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and cultural anthropology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306/.01/5115
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    Keywords: Structural anthropology ; Graph theory ; Ethnology ; Mathematics
    Abstract: Hage and Harary present a comprehensive introduction to the use of graph theory in social and cultural anthropology. Using a wide range of empirical examples, the authors illustrate how graph theory can provide a language for expressing in a more exact fashion concepts and notions that can only be imperfectly rendered verbally. They show how graphs, digraphs and networks, together with their associated matrices and duality laws, facilitate the study of such diverse topics as mediation and power in exchange systems, reachability in social networks, efficiency in cognitive schemata, logic in kinship relations, and productivity in subsistence modes. The interaction between graphs and groups provides further means for the analysis of transformations in myths and permutations in symbolic systems. The totality of these structural models aids in the collection as well as the interpretation of field data. The presentation is clear, precise and readily accessible to the nonmathematical reader. It emphasizes the implicit presence of graph theory in much of anthropological thinking.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511735431
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 125 pages)
    DDC: 306/.08996
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    Keywords: Doayo
    Abstract: Many opposing theories have been elaborated by different anthropologists in an attempt to explain the nature of symbolism. In this work Nigel Barley uses a particular ethnographic case to examine the relevance and limitations of these existing theories and to develop a new alternative approach which draws on areas of linguistics and folkloristics at one time neglected by symbolic theorists. The book is a detailed study of the symbolic universe of the Dowayos of north Cameroon, as displayed in their ritual and beliefs. Considering matters as diverse as their oral literature, their material culture and their festivals, Dr Barley's analysis develops by unfolding sequentially a map of the symbolic structures that underlie Dowayo culture and shape their apperception of the world about them. This book will be particularly useful for students. It will also interest all anthropologists concerned with the study of symbolism and with the application to anthropology of models derived from linguistics and folklore.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511470585
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxvi, 353 pages)
    DDC: 305.5/232/094297
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    Abstract: This study provides an extensive survey of the economic activities of the gentry, their role as entrepreneurs and as popularisers of the metropolitan culture of Georgian London. It describes how during the eighteenth century, local elites from remote corners of Britain were amalgamated into one new ruling class, a body distinguished by common attitudes, social outlook, living standards and educational patterns. The author provides a synthesis of social, economic and political changes in the years prior to industrialisation. Political changes are studied in detail, and the changing role of political parties and ideologies is examined. Then, after a comprehensive study of the activities and attitudes of the gentry, the book concludes by attempting to explain precisely why Britain should have led the world in the twin processes of industrialisation and modernisation.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511896569
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 315 pages)
    DDC: 305.5/62/0941
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Festschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Festschrift
    Abstract: The thirteen essays in this book reflect the dual character of writing about the history of the British working class. The first section focuses on the outlook, organization, and policies of the Labour movement. The second section is concerned with central aspects of the social history of the working class. Together, these essays provide striking evidence of the ways in which the experience of class has pervaded virtually every corner of this nation's public life. They also show that the mixed political record of organized Labour, its hesitations and failures as well as its struggles and successes, cannot be understood without a full appreciation of the collective and individual lives of working people outside the political arena.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511572425
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 181 pages)
    DDC: 305.2/6/0973
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    Abstract: This book investigates the changing roles and perceptions of old age in nineteenth-century America. It shows how the economic and social transformation of the nation affected the condition of the aged, as it altered beliefs about their abilities and needs. Focusing on the ideas of doctors, charity workers, and social planners, it traces the process by which their view of senescence was incorporated into geriatric medicine, the development of the nation's first old-age homes and mandatory retirement plans. With the adoption of these programmes, old age came to be seen as a widespread social problem. By the early twentieth century, it had become characterized as a time of dependence and disease - an attitude which continues to influence the way that modern Americans perceive and treat the elderly.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 24 Feb 2016)
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511562679
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 276 pages)
    DDC: 306/.0944
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    Keywords: Sozialgeschichte 1794-1815 ; Geschichte 1794-1815 ; Region ; Frankreich ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Richard Cobb is one of the most active and influential English historians of France. During a long career of research and writing, his interest has ranged from the Revolution to Vichy. He is especially renowned for his seminal work on the popular movement and on popular attitudes and preoccupations during the Revolution, as well as on its provincial history. This collection of essays is written by his friends, and is dedicated to him. The essays reflect some of the issues that have preoccupied Richard Cobb. Focused on some less familiar corners of the history of the Directory and the Consulate, it is concerned with regional and social rather than metropolitan and political history.
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9780511563393
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (xxviii, 382 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge South Asian studies 24
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305.5/09549/3
    Keywords: Geschichte 1500-1931 ; Geschichte ; Elite (Social sciences) / Sri Lanka / History ; Karavas / History ; Sri Lanka ; Sri Lanka ; Geschichte 1500-1931
    Abstract: Caste Conflict and Elite Formation is a study in the social history of Sri Lanka. However, it does not merely document the remarkable successes in business enterprise and in the acquisition of Western-educated professional skills which were achieved by families from the Karava caste during the last two centuries; their advances, and the social and political struggles which accompanied this process, are employed as a window through which a survey of social change in Sri Lanka during the last four hundred years is conducted. The interest of the book extends beyond the many fascinating social incidents, historical trends and channels of elite formation that are described within its pages to a series of controlled comparisons which reveal the factors responsible for the formation of the Karava elite. Thus the book extends the methodological frontiers of the social history of the region. It emphasizes the significance of the patterns of caste discrimination and caste interaction in Sri Lankan politics, and reveals how these patterns were central to the incentives and opportunities which powered the advances of the Karava families
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511558054
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (vii, 188 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and cultural anthropology 42
    DDC: 306/.08996
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    Keywords: Dyula ; Sozialer Wandel ; Kulturwandel
    Abstract: The word dyula means 'trader' in the Manding language. It is also the name of certain Manding-speaking ethnic minorities in parts of northern Ivory Coast, who, for centuries before the advent of colonial rule, enjoyed a virtual trading monopoly over the local region. In the first part of this book Robert Launay describes two Dyula communities prior to the twentieth-century colonial period: he discusses the regional symbiosis between Dyula traders and Senufo farmers; the organization of Dyula activity; and the division of the communities into relatively small clan wards with high rates of in-marriage. The second part examines the ways in which both communities have adapted to the recent loss of their trading monopoly, and the strategies they have employed, such as emigration, the assimilation of Western education and the adoption of new occupations, to carve out a new economic niche for themselves. As an account of the incorporation of 'traditional' community into a modern town, the book will be of interest to anthropologists and others concerned with development and modernisation in Africa and the Third World.
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  • 29
    Book
    Book
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Paris : Editions de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme
    Associated volumes
    ISBN: 0521223229 , 2901725392
    Language: French
    Pages: XVI, 505 Seiten , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Edition: 1. publ.
    DDC: 306.9/093
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    Keywords: Geschichte 1250 v. Chr.-500 ; Tod ; Civilisation ancienne - Congrès ; Dodenbezorging ; Funérailles - Rites et cérémonies - Histoire - Jusqu'à 500 - Congrès ; Funérailles - Rites et cérémonies antiques ; Mort ; Morts - Congrès ; Oudheid ; Civilization, Ancient Congresses ; Dead Congresses ; Death Congresses ; Funeral rites and ceremonies, Ancient Congresses ; Altertum ; Bestattung ; Tod ; Gesellschaft ; Konferenzschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift ; Konferenzschrift ; Bestattung ; Geschichte 1250 v. Chr.-500 ; Tod ; Gesellschaft ; Geschichte 1250 v. Chr.-500 ; Altertum ; Bestattung ; Altertum ; Tod
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511557637
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (vi, 245 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and cultural anthropology 41
    DDC: 330.98/0038
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    Keywords: Bauer ; Soziale Situation ; Andenstaaten ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: For centuries Andean civilization and ecology has afforded a special fascination for European travellers and officials. In this volume, eight writers - anthropologists, economists and historians working in Bolivia, Britain, France, Ireland and Peru - describe and analyse aspects of rural society in various Andean regions. They focus on the impact of capitalist development on both the peasant economy and the landed elite in the Andes and the ways in which that impact has been shaped by a specific Andean culture and a characteristic Andean ecology and climate. Their discussion of Andean specificity centres on the notion of verticality, first developed by John Murra to describe political and economic adaptation to climatic variation in the Andean eco-system. The volume represents a substantial contribution to our understanding of Andean rural society and the nature of the Latin American peasantry and peasant economy. It will appeal to all those interested in economic anthropology, Latin America, peasant studies and the capitalist world-economy.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9781139165808
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 322 pages)
    DDC: 338.1/0954/87
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    Keywords: Getreidebau ; Landwirtschaft ; Soziale Situation ; Trockengebiet ; Ländlicher Raum ; Nigeria ; Indien ; Karnataka
    Abstract: Anthropologists and economists have made persistent efforts to identify economic features of rural tropical economies in the simplest possible terms, in order to enhance their universality. This has resulted in the creation of doctrine on such matters as the causes of rural economic inequality and abysmal poverty. The doctrine is far too generalised to have any practical utility; it is ahistorical; and it usually involves the false belief that all cultivators in a community have similar economic responses. So firm is this orthodoxy that under-development studies have become deadlocked - to the point that our ignorance is constantly on the increase. The book represents a radical assault on prevailing orthodoxy, breaking the deadlock by insisting that we properly categorise the main types of agrarian system in the tropical world. Moreover, it practically demonstrates how to identify these important categories, and draw useful generalised conclusions about it, on the basis of detailed fieldwork in parts of northern Nigeria and south India.
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  • 32
    Book
    Book
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0-521-24489-7 , 978-0-521-24489-3
    Language: English
    Pages: VII,190 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Series Statement: Cambridge Papers in Social Anthropology 11
    DDC: 306/.09953
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    Keywords: Papua-Neuguinea Hochland ; Soziales Verhalten ; Sozialer Status ; Anthropologie, soziale ; Ungleichheit ; Hierarchie
    Description / Table of Contents: Notes on the contributors -- Introduction -- 1. Social hierarchies among the Baruya of New Guinea. Marurice Godelier -- 2. Two waves of African models in the New Guinea highlands. Andrew Strathern -- 3. Production and inequality: perspectives from central New Guinea. Nicholas Modjeska -- 4. The Ipomoean revolution revisited: society and the sweet potato in the upper Wahgi valley. Jack Golson -- 5. Tribesmen or peasants? Andrew Strathern -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Indexes
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 174-185 , Enthält 5 Beiträge
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511607745
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 253 pages)
    Series Statement: Themes in the social sciences
    DDC: 306/.4
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    Keywords: Sozialgeschichte ; Kochen ; Ernährung ; Essgewohnheit
    Abstract: The preparation, serving and eating of food are common features of all human societies, and have been the focus of study for numerous anthropologists - from Sir James Frazer onwards - from a variety of theoretical and empirical perspectives. It is in the context of this previous anthropological work that Jack Goody sets his own observations on cooking in West Africa. He criticises those approaches which overlook the comparative historical dimension of culinary, and other, cultural differences that emerge in class societies, both of which elements he particularly emphasises in this book. The central question that Professor Goody addresses here is why a differentiated 'haute cuisine' has not emerged in Africa, as it has in other parts of the world. His account of cooking in West Africa is followed by a survey of the culinary practices of the major Eurasian societies throughout history - ranging from Ancient Egypt, Imperial Rome and medieval China to early modern Europe - in which he relates the differences in food preparation and consumption emerging in these societies to differences in their socio-economic structures, specifically in modes of production and communication. He concludes with an examination of the world-wide rise of 'industrial food' and its impact on Third World societies, showing that the ability of the latter to resist cultural domination in food, as in other things, is related to the nature of their pre-existing socio-economic structures. The arguments presented here will interest all social scientists and historians concerned with cultural history and social theory.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511571572
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 304 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in modern political economies
    DDC: 306/.36
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    Keywords: Geschichte 1700-1982 ; Industriesoziologie ; Arbeitsteilung ; Kapitalismus ; Klassentheorie
    Abstract: Work and Politics develops a historical and comparative sociology of workplace relations in industrial capitalist societies. Professor Sabel argues that the system of mass production using specialized machines and mostly unskilled workers was the result of the distribution of power and wealth in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Great Britain and the United States, not of an inexorable logic of technological advance. Once in place, this system created the need for workers with systematically different ideas about the acquisition of skill and the desirability of long-term employment. Professor Sabel shows how capitalists have played on naturally existing division in the workforce in order to match workers with diverse ambitions to jobs in different parts of the labor market. But he also demonstrates the limits, different from work group to work group, of these forms of collaboration.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511607738
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 324 pages)
    Series Statement: Themes in the social sciences
    DDC: 304.2
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    Abstract: Human ecology is ultimately part of a general theory of society. This is the argument developed here by Roy Ellen, whose exploration of the interplay between social organization and ecology in small-scale subsistence systems has direct bearings both on the investigation of human environmental relations in general and on contemporary social theory. He argues that while ecological study of non-industrial societies cannot be elevated to the status of theory, domain or discipline, it can be represented as a single 'problematic' that historically has acquired some degree of autonomy and which continues to make a significant contribution to a wider anthropology. Dr Ellen introduces his subject matter through an extended and systematic discussion of some major frameworks developed within the last hundred years to examine and explain facets of the relationship between culture, social organization and the environment: determinism, possibilism, cultural ecology, systems theory and ideas derived from modern biology. He follows this with a detailed review and appraisal of important recent research involving the use of ecological models, methods and data. This original and innovative study of the pre-eminently social character of human ecological relations will be of considerable interest to all students and researchers concerned with understanding the nature of the relationship between human beings and their environments.
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511607646
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (x, 236 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 393
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    Keywords: Funeral rites and ceremonies ; Death ; Religion ; Fertility cults ; Anthropologie ; Ethnologie ; Wiedergeburt ; Tod ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Tod ; Ethnologie ; Tod ; Anthropologie ; Wiedergeburt
    Abstract: It is a classical anthropological paradox that symbols of rebirth and fertility are frequently found in funerary rituals throughout the world. The original essays collected here re-examine this phenomenon through insights from China, India, New Guinea, Latin America, and Africa. The contributors, each a specialist in one of these areas, have worked in close collaboration to produce a genuinely innovative theoretical approach to the study of the symbolism surrounding death, an outline of which is provided in an important introduction by the editors. The major concern of the volume is the way in which funerary rituals dramatically transform the image of life as a dialectic flux involving exchange and transaction, marriage and procreation, into an image of a still, transcendental order in which oppositions such as those between self and other, wife-giver and wife-taker, Brahmin and untouchable, birth and therefore death have been abolished. This transformation often involves a general devaluation of biology, and, particularly, of sexuality, which is contrasted with a more spiritual and controlled source of life. The role of women, who are frequently associated with biological processes, mourning and death pollution, is often predominant in funerary rituals, and in examining this book makes a further contribution to the understanding of the symbolism of gender. The death rituals and the symbolism of rebirth are also analysed in the context of the political processes of the different societies considered, and it is argued that social order and political organisation may be legitimated through an exploitation of the emotions and biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction / Maurice Bloch and Jonathan Parry -- The dead and the devils among the Bolivian Laymi / Olivia Harris -- Sacrificial death and the necrophagous ascetic / Jonathan Parry -- Witchcraft, greed, cannibalism and death / Andrew Strathern -- Lugbara death / John Middleton -- Of flesh and bones / James L. Watson -- Social dimensions of death in four African hunting and gathering societies / James Woodburn -- Death, women, and power / Maurice Bloch
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511753053
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 226 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in oral and literate culture 4
    DDC: 398.2/1/09664
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    Keywords: Mende-Sprache
    Abstract: The domei is a popular narrative art form among the Mende people of Sierra Leone. Although it is a traditional form, the narratives are not remembered or retold, but on each occasion the performers recreate out of a common stock of characters and plots domeisia, which are singular and sometimes brilliant expressions of a singular, and often brilliant, culture. In this book Donald Cosentino presents a large selection of these narratives, as he collected them in dramatic performance on the verandahs and around the cooking fires of a Mende village. The domei is told to please, and Dr Cosentino details the various elements that constitute the pleasure of an oral performance. But beneath the surface glitter of these ironic, horrifying, bawdy and haunting narrative performances, there is an intellectual hardness of argument and debate which shines through the domeisia included here. Dominating these performances, and emblematic of the entire artistic tradition, are the 'everywoman' figure of the Defiant Maid, Yombo, and the 'everyman' Stubborn Farmer, Kpana.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511753039
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 255 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge papers in social anthropology 9
    DDC: 305.5/122/0954
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Following the publication of the book by E. R. Leach, ed., Aspects of Caste in South India, Ceylon and North-West Pakistan (1960), much additional information was gathered on caste hierarchies in South Asia, and two major attempts were made to identify the underlying unity of this material - a structuralist one by Louis Dumont and a ethnosocialogical one by McKim Marriott et al. This quest for unity seemed attractive, yet at the same time, as the contributions to the present volume indicate, premature. The four papers collected here and published in 1982 are all concerned with caste ideology and caste interaction in different locales of South Asia.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511753015
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 220 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge papers in social anthropology 10
    DDC: 306/.34
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    Keywords: Herstellung ; Tuchindustrie ; Entwicklungsländer ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The essays in this volume focus on two themes: the centrality of the production of and trade in cloth in the emergence of market activity; and the nature of the industrialization process. The core of the book is formed by four detailed ethnographic studies of the development and current organization of cloth production for the market, in different parts of the world: tailoring in Kano City, northern Nigeria (Pokrant); dyeing and weaving in Daboya, northern Ghana (Goody); 'fashion'- shirt production in Bombay, India (Swallow); and the manufacture of 'handmade' Harris tweed in the Hebrides (Ennew). Each study examines access to raw materials and to the market, relations of production, the investment of capital and the reproduction of the system. Individually, they raise such questions as the role of fashion, the effects of national economic policies and legislation, and factors related to the modification of traditional technologies.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511471049
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 320 pages)
    DDC: 305.8/00968
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    Abstract: An original and exciting work of comparative history, this book analyses the origins of segregation as a specific stage in the evolution of white supremacy in South Africa and the American South. Unlike scholars who have attributed twentieth-century patterns of race relations to the continuation of earlier social norms and attitudes, Cell understands segregation as a distinct system and ideology of race and class division, closely associated with urbanisation, industrialisation, and modern processes of state and party formation. Originally advocated by moderates and liberals, rather than by racist fanatic with whom it later came to be identified, segregation became comparatively sophisticated, flexible, and absorptive. In its ambiguities even advocates of black power could sometimes find a basis for collaboration.
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9780511896033
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 195 pages)
    DDC: 302.3/5
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    Keywords: Neoklassische Theorie ; Bürokratie
    Abstract: In this work the authors present a general theory of bureaucracy and use it to explain behaviour in large organizations and to explain what determines efficiency in both governments and business corporations. The theory uses the methods of standard neoclassical economic theory. It relies on two central principles: that members of an organization trade with one another and that they compete with one another. Authority, which is the basis for conventional theories of bureaucracy, is given a role, despite reliance on the idea of trade between bureaucracies. It is argued, however, that bureaucracies cannot operate efficiently on the basis of authority alone. Exchange between bureaucrats is hampered because promises are not enforceable. So trust and loyalty between members of bureaucratic networks play an important part. The authors find that vertical networks promote efficiency while horizontal ones impede it.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511557934
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (x, 266 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge South Asian studies 27
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 294.5/09548
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    Keywords: Politik ; Religion and state / India / Case studies ; Indien ; India / Religion / Case studies ; India / Politics and government / 1765-1947 / Case studies ; Fallstudiensammlung ; Fallstudiensammlung
    Abstract: Although temples have been important in South Indian society and history, there have been few attempts to study them within an integrated anthropological framework. Professor Appadurai develops such a framework in this ethnohistorical case study, in which he interprets the politics of worship in the Sri Partasarati Svami Temple, a famous ancient Sri Vaisnava shrine in India. The author uses the methods and concepts of both cultural anthropology and social history to construct a model of institutional change in South Asia under colonial rule. Focusing on the problem of authority as a cultural concept and as a managerial reality, Professor Appadurai considers some classic problems of South Asian anthropology: problems of deference, sumptuary symbolism, and religious organization. In addition, he addresses such issues as the nature of conflict under a hybrid colonial legal system, the political implications of sumptuary disputes, and the structure of relations between polity and religion in pre-modern South Asia. These aspects of the study should interest a broad range of scholars
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  • 43
    Book
    Book
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0-521-23775-0 , 978-0-521-23775-8
    Language: English
    Pages: 159 Seiten , Illustrationen, Karten
    Series Statement: New Directions in Archaeology
    DDC: 393/.1/0901
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    Keywords: Prähistorie, Eu Prähistorie, NA ; Prähistorie, Am ; Kulturvergleich ; Bestattung ; Ritual und Zeremonie ; Tod ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Approaches to the archaeology of death -- The search for rank in prehistoric burials -- Social configurations and the archaeological study of mortuary practices: a case study -- One-dimensional archaeology and multi-dimensional people: spatial organisation and mortuary analysis -- The emergence of formal disposal areas and the 'problem' of megalithic tombs in prehistoric Europe -- Dialogues with death -- 'Various styles of urn' - cemeteries and settlement in southern England -- Burial, succession and early state formation in Denmark -- Mortuary practices, palaeodemography and palaeopathology: a case study from the Koster site (Illinois) -- Mortality, age structure and status in the interpretation of stress indicators in prehistoric skeletons -- Bibliography -- Index
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511983863
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (xiii, 177 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306/.3
    Keywords: Wirtschaft ; Economics ; Social institutions / Economic aspects ; Institutional economics ; Game theory ; Sozialeinrichtung ; Wirtschaftstheorie ; Wohlfahrtstheorie ; Sozialeinrichtung ; Wirtschaftstheorie ; Wohlfahrtstheorie
    Abstract: This book uses game theory to analyse the creation, evolution and function of economic and social institutions. The author illustrates his analysis by describing the organic or unplanned evolution of institutions such as the conventions of war, the use of money, property rights and oligopolistic pricing conventions. Professor Schotter begins by linking his work with the ideas of the philosophers Rawls, Nozick and Lewis. Institutions are regarded as regularities in the behaviour of social agents, which the agents themselves tacitly create to solve a wide variety of recurrent problems. The repetitive nature of the problems permits them to be described as a recurrent game or 'supergame.' The agents use these regularities as informational devices to supplement the information contained in competitive prices. The final chapter explores the applicability of this theory, first by relating it to previous work on the theory of teams, hierarchies, and non-maximizing decision theory, and then by using it to provide a new approach to a variety of questions both within and outside economics
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511557606
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 458 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and cultural anthropology 38
    DDC: 307.7/2/0954
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    Abstract: This book is a comparative study of caste and class in two small villages in the Thanjāvūr district of southeast India based on fieldwork done by the author in 1951–3. Differing from the usual village study, Gough's work traces the history of the villages over the past century and examines the impact of colonialism on the district since 1770. The volume's theoretical significance lies in its attempt to define more clearly the characteristics of rural class relations, particularly addressing the question whether Indian agrarian relations are still precapitalist. This study not only provides a vivid account of village life in southeast India in the 1950s (to be followed by a later study done in the 1970s), but also contributes to theory concerning modes of production, class structures in the Third World, and underdevelopment.
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511528972
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 310 pages)
    DDC: 306/.4
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    Keywords: Geschichte 1922-1945 ; Faschismus ; Freizeit ; Kultur ; Italien
    Abstract: The efforts of fascism to form a 'culture of consent,' or shape depoliticized activities, in Italy between the world wars, make a unique portrait of fascist political tactics. Professor de Grazia focuses on the dopolavoro or fascist leisure-time organization, the largest of the regime's mass institutions. She traces its gradual rise in importance for the consolidation of fascist rule; its spread in the form of thousands of local clubs into every domain of urban and rural life; and its overwhelming impact on the distribution, consumption, and character of all kinds of recreational pursuits - from sports and adult education to movies, traveling theaters, radio, and tourism. The author shows how fascism was able, between 1926 and 1939, to build a new definition of the public sphere. Recasting the public sphere entailed dispensing with traditional class and politically defined modes of organizing those social roles and desires existing outside the workplace.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511659775
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 144 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and cultural anthropology 34
    DDC: 306/.2/0951
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    Abstract: As a result of the strength and dominance of the centralized state, ritual action in China often takes its logic from political action. In this book Emily Ahern explores the implications of this. She argues that forms of control attempted ritually on non-human persons (gods and other spirits) in China parallel those forms of control which people regard as effective in ordinary life, namely political control, and draws important conclusions from this. She shows that in China it is possible to discard terms such as 'magic', which imply that acts directed to spirits operate on a different basis from acts in ordinary life. She also challenges claims in anthropology that, since they seem arbitrary and the actions of participants in them highly predictable, rituals support established authority. Her book will be of interest not only to specialists in Chinese studies, but to social anthropologists and others interested in the link between ritual and political processes.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511896002
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 233 pages)
    Series Statement: Interdisciplinary perspectives on modern history
    DDC: 305.5/6
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    Keywords: Sozialgeschichte 1540-1790 ; Tagelöhner ; Landarbeiter ; Großbritannien ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Servants in husbandry were unmarried farm workers hired on annual contracts. The institution of service distinguished them in many ways from their chief competitors, day-labourers. Servants were employed on an annual basis; they formed part of their employers' households; they were generally young and unmarried. Service was extremely common - most rural youths in early modern England became servants to farmers, and they composed as much as half of the full-time hired labour force in agriculture. Professor Kussmaul has marshalled information from sources as diverse as marriage registers, militia lists, parish censuses, settlement examinations, account books, records of Quarter Sessions, and the autobiographies of servants and masters, in producing this book which explores this important institution and to consider its wide historiographical implications.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511572715
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 310 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge Latin American studies 41
    DDC: 304.6/2/0985
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    Abstract: While many scholars have been interested in the size of the Indian population of the Americas at the time of first contact with Europeans, this book, first published in 1982, was the first to make a thorough examination of the question. Focusing on Peru, Professor Cook estimates population size on the basis of archaeology, carrying capacity of the agricultural systems, disease mortality, depopulation ratios, and census projection. He also analyses the catastrophic population decline that resulted from contact with Europeans, and compares this experience with that of the coastal region and the Andean highlands.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511558283
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 453 Seiten)
    DDC: 302
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    Keywords: Soziale Situation ; Sozialpsychologie
    Abstract: This book not only documents the authors' own studies of real life social situations, but also provides an extensive review of other literature in this field. Michael Argyle and his colleagues are particularly concerned with the practical applications of situational analysis - to social skills training, mental health and deviance, intergroup behaviour, personnel selection and consumer research. In addition, by concentrating on situational variables, the volume makes an important contribution to the study of personality, since personality-situational interaction is at least as important in determining behaviour as are general personality traits. During recent years there has been extensive criticism of the conduct of research in social psychology. Social Situations points the way forward to a resolution of the crisis in the discipline. It marks an important advance in our understanding of social behaviour which will interest social and clinical psychologists and sociologists.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis Seite 401-440 , Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
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  • 51
    ISBN: 0521298105
    Language: English
    Pages: XII, 268 S.
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in Chinese history, literature and institutions
    DDC: 327.51059
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    Note: Originally published: 1972 , Bibliography: p.257-263. _ Includes index.
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  • 52
    Book
    Book
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 0-521-22213-3 , 978-0-521-22213-6
    Language: English
    Pages: XV, 381 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: International Biological Programme 21
    DDC: 573/.6/098
    Keywords: Arktis Polargebiet ; Adaption ; Anthropologie, medizinische ; Biologie
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511621833
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (xv, 286 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in cultural systems
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 301.29/599
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    Keywords: Alltag, Brauchtum ; Ilongot (Philippine people) / Psychology ; Ilongot (Philippine people) / Social life and customs ; Brauch ; Hiligaynon ; Hiligaynon ; Brauch
    Abstract: Michelle Rosaldo presents an ethnographic interpretation of the life of the Ilongots, a group of some 3,500 hunters and horticulturists in Northern Luzon, Philippines. Her study focuces on headhunting, a practice that remained active among the Ilongots until at least 1972. Indigenous notions of 'knowledge' and 'passion' are crucial to the Ilongots' perceptions of their own social practices of headhunting, oratory, marriage, and the organization of subsistence labour. In explaining the significance of these key ideas, Professor Rosaldo examines what she considers to be the most important dimensions of Ilongot social relationships: the contrasts between men and women and between accomplished married men and bachelor youths. By defining 'knowledge' and 'passion' in the context of their social and affective significance, the author demonstrates the place of headhunting in historical and political processes, and shows the relation between headhunting and indigenous concepts of curing, reproduction, and health. Theoretically oriented toward interpretive of symbolic ethnography, this book clarifies some of the ways in which the study of a language - both vocabulary and patterns of usage - is a study of a culture; the process of translation is presented as a method of cultural interpretation. Professor Rosaldo argues that an appreciation of the Ilongots' specific notions of 'the self' and the emotional concepts associated with headhunting can illuminate central aspects of the group's social life
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511558061
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 233 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and cultural anthropology 27
    DDC: 301.2/1
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    Abstract: Anthropologists, in studying other cultures, are often tempted to offer their own explanations of strange customs when they feel that the people involved have not given a good enough reason for these customs. The question how the anthropologist can justify interpretations of customs which go beyond those offered by the people themselves runs through this book. The book focuses on the various interpretations that have been offered by anthropologists of ritual and symbolism. It offers a critical discussion of theories in this field in general, identifying their strengths and weaknesses when applied to the particular case of puberty rituals in a West Sepik village in Papua New Guinea. It then goes on to suggest an alternative approach, which draws on aesthetic as well as anthropological theory, and pays particular attention to the emotional and aesthetic experiences of people as they perform the rites.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511557552
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 228 pages)
    Series Statement: Cambridge studies in social and cultural anthropology 30
    DDC: 305.8/9922/05981
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    Keywords: Soziales System ; Minangkabau ; Sumatra
    Abstract: In this anthropological investigation of the nature of an underdeveloped peasant economy, Joel S. Kahn attempts to develop the insights generated by Marxist theorists, by means of a concrete case study of a peasant village in the Indonesian province of West Sumatra. He accounts for the specific features of this regional economy, and, at the same time, examines the implications for it of the centuries-old European domination of Indonesia. The most striking feature of the Minangkabau economy is the predominance of petty commodity relations in agriculture, handicrafts and the local network of distribution. Dr Kahn illustrates this with material on local economic organization, which he collected in the field in the highland village of Sungai Puar, the site of a blacksmithing industry, and with published and unpublished data from other parts of Indonesia. Dr Kahn's book is unusual for its combination of a theoretical analysis of underdevelopment with a detailed regional study. It will appeal to those interested in South-east Asian studies, in development, and in neo-Marxist approaches in anthropology.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511560484
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 246 pages)
    DDC: 306
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    Keywords: Geschichte 1500-1700 ; Analphabetismus ; Bildungsniveau ; Kultur ; Literatursoziologie ; England ; Großbritannien
    Abstract: In this exploration of the social context of reading and writing in pre-industrial England, David Cressy tackles important questions about the limits of participation in the mainstream of early modern society. To what extent could people at different social levels share in political, religious, literary and cultural life; how vital was the ability to read and write; and how widely distributed were these skills? Using a combination of humanist and social-scientific methods, Dr Cressy provides a detailed reconstruction of the profile of literacy in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England, looking forward to the eighteenth century and also making comparisons with other European societies.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511554131
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 229 pages)
    DDC: 398.2
    RVK:
    Keywords: Neugriechisch ; Volksliteratur
    Abstract: A wide-ranging study of popular poetry and song in the Greek language from the last years of the Byzantine Empire to the present day. The folk poetry of the title includes the songs, composed and handed down by word of mouth, of unlettered villagers, of wandering minstrels with pretensions to professionalism, and, in more recent times, of the poorer inhabitants of Ottoman and Greek cities. The creative period of this folk poetry covers, at the minimum, 500 years of history and a geographical area stretching from Corsica in the west to Cyprus and Trebizond in the east, as well as northwards into the Balkans. This is not a general or theoretical survey of folk poetry, but an exploration, based on literary, historical and sociological evidence, of a single cultural tradition and the forces which have shaped it.
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511583711
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (x, 340 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305.5/6/0944
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Frankreich ; Geschichte 1789-1848 ; Sozialgeschichte 1789-1848 ; Geschichte ; Working class / France / History ; Artisans / France / History ; Revolution ; Handwerk ; Arbeiter ; Französische Revolution ; Frankreich ; Frankreich ; Frankreich ; Revolution ; Handwerk ; Geschichte 1789-1848 ; Frankreich ; Arbeiter ; Sozialgeschichte 1789-1848 ; Frankreich Revolutionstribunal ; Handwerk ; Geschichte 1789-1848 ; Französische Revolution ; Handwerk ; Geschichte 1789-1848
    Abstract: Work and Revolution in France is particularly appropriate for students of French history interested in the crucial revolutions that took place in 1789, 1830, and 1848. Sewell has reconstructed the artisans' world from the corporate communities of the old regime, through the revolutions in 1789 and 1830, to the socialist experiments of 1848. Research has revealed that the most important class struggles took place in craft workshops, not in 'dark satanic mills'. In the 1830s and 1840s, workers combined the collectivism of the corporate guild tradition with the egalitarianism of the revolutionary tradition, producing a distinct artisan form of socialism and class consciousness that climaxed in the Parisian Revolution of 1848. The book follows artisans into their everyday experience of work, fellowship, and struggles and places their history in the context of wider political, economic, and social developments. Sewell analyzes the 'language of labor' in the broadest sense, dealing not only with what the workers and others wrote and said about labour but with the whole range of institutional conventions, economic practices, social struggles, ritual gestures, customs, and actions that gave the workers' world a comprehensive shape
    Note: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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