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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thermal Performance of High Burn-Up LWR Fuel : Seminar Proceedings, Cadarache, France, 3-6 March 1998 (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264172036
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (392 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: Proper heat removal from the fuel is essential for the safe operation of nuclear reactors used for electricity production. As nuclear fuel is burnt it undergoes important changes, including a degradation of its thermal conductivity. This important phenomenon needs to be reliably predicted in order to make better use of the fuel, a factor which can help to achieve the economic competitiveness required by today's markets. This report communicates the results of an international seminar which reviewed recent progress in the field of nuclear fuel thermal conductivity and sought to improve the models used in computer codes predicting thermal performance. State-of-the-art knowledge is presented for both uranium-oxide and mixed-oxide fuels loaded in water reactors.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264172036-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Usages bénéfiques et production des isotopes (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264274365
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Beneficial Uses and Production of Isotopes
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Les isotopes radioactifs et stables sont utilisés à travers le monde dans de nombreux secteurs, notamment en médecine, dans l'industrie, l'agriculture et la recherche. Les isotopes sont irremplaçables dans bon nombre de leurs applications et s'avèrent généralement plus efficaces et moins chers que d'autres techniques ou procédés. Cette publication est la première étude internationale sur les usages bénéfiques et la production d'isotopes. Elle donne une vue d'ensemble de leurs principaux usages ainsi que des informations détaillées sur les installations qui les produisent à travers le monde. Les tendances de l'offre et de la demande d'isotopes sont analysées. Enfin, les conclusions et recommandations qui sont faites signalent aux organismes gouvernementaux les questions clés qu'il leur faut examiner. Cette publication sera utile aux décideurs des agences gouvernementales impliquées dans la production et l'utilisation des isotopes ainsi qu'aux chercheurs et aux experts travaillant dans ce domaine.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264274365-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Back-end of the Fuel Cycle in a 1000 GWe Nuclear Scenario : Workshop Proceedings, Avignon, France, 6-7 October 1998 (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173859
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: The optimisation of the nuclear fuel cycle is a key issue for the sustainability of nuclear energy. This book presents the papers from a workshop which investigated alternative nuclear energy futures, with emphasis on back-end of the fuel cycle options that could enhance the sustainability of nuclear energy in the long term, to 2050 and beyond. The papers lay out the conditions that need to be fulfilled for nuclear energy to remain a viable option and highlight the technological and strategic developments underway to address those issues. Subjects covered include natural resource management, radioactive waste minimisation, cost reduction and proliferation resistance aspects of alternative reactor and fuel cycle technologies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173859-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beneficial Uses and Production of Isotopes (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264174368
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Usages bénéfiques et production des isotopes
    RVK:
    UN 5500
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Radionuklid ; Anwendung
    Abstract: Radioactive and stable isotopes are used throughout the world and in many sectors, including medicine, industry, agriculture and research. In many applications isotopes have no substitute, and in most others they are more effective and cheaper than alternative techniques or processes. This publication is the first international survey on the beneficial uses and production of isotopes. It provides an overview of their main uses, and detailed information on the facilities that produce them world-wide. Trends in isotope supply and demand are analysed, and the conclusions and recommendations presented point to key issues to be considered by governments.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264174368-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Advanced Reactors with Innovative Fuels : Workshop Proceedings, Villigen, Switzerland 21-23 October 1998 (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173866
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (462 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Plutonium and minor actinide burning or recycling in thermal and fast reactors is being studied in many countries with the aim of maintaining and developing fuel cycle options which can be adjusted to changing demands and constraints. The challenge is to move towards an economically and socially sustainable nuclear energy system based on advanced reactors - advanced water-cooled reactors, fast reactors and perhaps accelerator-based, hybrid reactors - and new types of fuel cycles which help to minimise the waste arising. An additional issue concerns the availability of resources for the long-term future. This workshop introduced new ideas on R&D activities and identified areas and research tasks relevant for the deployment of new systems and in which international co-operation can be strengthened. The roles played by existing experimental facilities as well as possible needs for new ones are discussed. The conclusions of the technical sessions are synthesised and the results of a round table discussion on international co-operation are presented.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173866-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ion and Slow Positron Beam Utilisation : Costa da Caparica, Portugal, 15-17 September 1998 (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264172999
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Portugal
    Abstract: The use of ion beams in nuclear research is well established, with many facilities and networks of experts active in the field. Applications for ion beams are expanding, in particular in the development of new materials, biotechnology and the creation of new isotopes. Positron beams are likewise a very powerful tool for observing and influencing microscopic material structures, as well as for medical diagnosis. The combined utilisation of ion and positron beams is expected to open up new horizons in the areas of material science and biotechnology. These proceedings provide an overview of the latest developments in this field, and highlight areas for future international co-operation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264172999-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Physics and Fuel Performance of Reactor-Based Plutonium Disposition : Workshop Proceedings - Paris, France, 28-30 September 1998 (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173385
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Workshop on the Physics and Fuel Performance of Reactor Based Plutonium Disposition (1998 : Paris) Proceedings of the Workshop on the Physics and Fuel Performance of Reactor-Based Plutonium Disposition
    RVK:
    UN 5200
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France ; Konferenzschrift 1998 ; Kernbrennstoff ; Plutonium
    Abstract: Following recent disarmament agreements, the Russian Federation and the USA have declared part of their stockpiles of weapons-grade plutonium as a surplus to their national defense needs. This material needs to be disposed of, and one of the suggested means of doing so is burning it in existing reactors and transforming the material into spent fuel. The experience in these two countries with mixed oxide fuel (MOX) is either dated or scarce. Several European countries and Japan, however, have acquired much experience in using MOX fuel in reactors which was shared at this important workshop. This publication presents the workshop results which reviewed existing technical information from the civil nuclear power programmes that are beneficial to weapons-grade plutonium disposition. It also proposes concrete actions that could help expedite this process in the near future.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173385-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irradiation Facilities - SATIF 4 : Workshop Proceedings - Knoxville, Tennessee, USA, 17-18 September 1998 (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264173378
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (308 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Over the last 50 years particle accelerators have evolved from simple devices to powerful machines, and will continue to have an important impact on research, technology and lifestyle. Today, they cover a wide range of applications, from television and computer displays in households to investigating the origin and structure of matter. It has become common practice to use particle accelerators for material science and medical applications. In recent years, requirements from new technological and research applications have emerged, giving rise to new radiation shielding aspects and problems. These workshop proceedings review recent progress in radiation shielding of accelerator facilities, evaluating advancements and discussing further developments needed with respect to international co-operation in this field.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264173378-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Glossary of Nuclear Power Plant Ageing : = Glossaire du vieillissement des centrales nucléaires (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073289
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Plant life management is becoming an increasingly important topic both in nuclear power plant operations and in international discussions on the role of nuclear energy. As in many other aspects of nuclear power plant operations there is much to be learned by international comparisons of practices. This five-language glossary of terminology (English, French, German, Russian, Spanish) is intended to assist utility operators and regulators in OECD countries, and more generally to help readers benefit as much as possible from international experience.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073289-en-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Overview of Nuclear Legislation in Central and Eastern Europe and the NIS (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264174344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama de la législation nucléaire en Europe centrale et orientale et dans les NEI
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: This publication examines the legislation and regulations governing the peaceful uses of nuclear energy in Eastern European countries. It covers eleven countries from Central and Eastern Europe and five countries from the Community of Independant States. The chapters follow a systematic format making it easier for the reader to research and compare information. This study will be updated regularly.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264174344-en
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste : Review of Developments in the Last Decade (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789246180547
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Évacuation géologique des déchets radioactifs ; Bilan des dix dernières années
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Évacuation géologique des déchets radioactifs : Bilan des dix dernières années
    DDC: 621.48/38
    RVK:
    UN 5240
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Untertagedeponie ; Entsorgung ; Radioaktiver Abfall
    Abstract: The concept of removing long-lived radioactive wastes from the human environment by disposal in deep geological repositories was developed several decades ago. In the intervening years, research efforts world-wide have increased our knowledge and understanding of how underground disposal systems will function over very long periods of time. Significant progress has also been made towards implementation of such facilities. There have, however, been delays in the disposal programmes of several countries. This report is a review of developments in the past decade. The primary sources of information are the answers to a questionnaire provided by waste management organisations represented in the NEA Radioactive Waste Management Committee (RWMC). The latter is an international forum of senior specialists from safety authorities, waste management agencies, R&D institutions and policy-making bodies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789246180547-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Societal Aspects of Decision Making in Complex Radiological Situations : Workshop Proceedings, Villigen, Switzerland, 13-15 January 1998 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163560
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Strahlenbelastung ; Störfall ; Bürgerbeteiligung ; Welt ; Nuclear Energy ; Switzerland
    Abstract: In its 1994 collective opinion, Radiation Protection Today and Tomorrow, the NEA Committee on Radiation Protection and Public Health (CRPPH) concluded that societal participation in the decision-making process is becoming increasingly important. This was seen as particularly true in the case of decisions involving complex radiological situations such as those following a nuclear or radiological accident (for example, the Chernobyl accident, or fallout from atomic bomb testing in the Marshall Islands), and other long-lasting exposures (such as areas contaminated by uranium mill tailings). In order to explore this issue further, the CRPPH organised a workshop in January 1998 on the societal aspects of decision making in complex radiological situations. At the workshop - which was hosted in Villigen, Switzerland, by the Swiss Federal Nuclear Safety Inspectorate (HSK) - participants concluded that it is no longer possible to take decisions in such situations without a transparent process involving the public from a very early stage. This decision-making process, which is described herein, was also seen as being valuable for other situations, such as the siting of high-level nuclear waste repositories. Recommendations for follow-up by the CRPPH are also included.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163560-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    SATIF-3 Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irradiation Facilities : Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan 12-13 May 1997 (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162631
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (368 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Japan
    Abstract: Particle accelerators have evolved over the last 50 years from simple devices to powerful machines, and will continue to have an important impact on research, technology and lifestyle. Today, they cover a wide range of applications, from television and computer displays in households to the investigation of the origin and structure of matter. It has become common practice to use them for material science and medical applications. In recent years, requirements from new technological and research applications have emerged, giving rise to new radiation shielding aspects and problems. These proceedings review recent progress in radiation shielding of accelerator facilities, evaluate advancements and discuss further developments needed with respect to international co-operation in this field.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162631-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Panorama de la législation nucléaire en Europe centrale et orientale et dans les NEI (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262577
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Overview of Nuclear Legislation in Central and Eastern Europe and the NIS
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Cette publication analyse la législation et la réglementation régissant les utilisations pacifiques de l'énergie nucléaire en Europe de l'Est. Elle couvre onze pays d'Europe centrale et orientale et cinq pays appartenant à la Communauté des États Indépendants. Les chapitres consacrés à chaque pays pris individuellement ont été rédigés selon un plan uniforme destiné à faciliter la recherche et la comparaison de l'information. Cette publication continuera à faire l'objet de mises à jour régulières. Arménie Lettonie Bélarus Lituanie Bulgarie Pologne Croatie République slovaque Estonie République tchèque Fédération de Russie Roumanie Hongrie Slovénie Kazakstan Ukraine
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262577-fr
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nouveaux défis pour les autorités de sûreté nucléaire : Un rapport du Comité de l'AEN sur les activités nucléaires réglementaires (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264266797
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Future Nuclear Regulatory Challenges; A Report by the NEA Committee on Nuclear Regulatory Activities
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Future Nuclear Regulatory Challenges: A Report by the NEA Committee on Nuclear Regulatory Activities
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Les politiques de libéralisation des secteurs énergétiques posent des défis majeurs aux autorités chargées de la sûreté nucléaire. Avec l'ouverture à la concurrence et la déréglementation, il est plus que jamais nécessaire de concilier les intérêts commerciaux et les impératifs de sûreté. Le premier défi que devront relever les autorités de sûreté est de s'assurer que les considérations économiques n'ont pas d'effet néfaste sur la sûreté nucléaire. Mais ces autorités devront également conserver toute leur efficacité et s'adapter à un environnnement de plus en plus régi par les lois du marché, tout en jouant un rôle central pour maintenir la « culture de sûreté » face à un nouveau comportement des exploitants. Ce rapport recense les défis réglementaires que les autorités de sûreté seront susceptibles de rencontrer dans les dix ans qui viennent.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264266797-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Recherches sur la sûreté des réacteurs de conception russe : Etat des besoins (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262515
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Safety Research Needs for Russian-Designed Reactors
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: L'Agence de l'OCDE pour l'énergie nucléaire collabore avec les pays d'Europe centrale et orientale et les nouveaux États indépendants de l'ex-Union soviétique à la planification et l'exécution des programmes de recherche sur la sûreté qui permettront à ces pays d'acquérir le savoir-faire et les compétences spécifiques à leurs filières de centrales nucléaires. Dans ce rapport, d'éminents spécialistes de la sûreté russes et occidentaux dressent un bilan des recherches nécessaires pour améliorer la sûreté des réacteurs de conception russe. Sont répertoriés, d'une part, les sujets de recherche importants à traiter en priorité et, de l'autre, les domaines les plus susceptibles de bénéficier d'une collaboration entre l'Est et l'Ouest.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262515-fr
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    URL: Volltext
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Safety Research Needs for Russian-Designed Reactors (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162518
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recherches sur la sûreté des réacteurs de conception russe ; État des besoins
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Safety research needs for Russian-designed reactors
    RVK:
    UN 5220
    Keywords: Kernkraftwerk ; Sicherheitstechnik ; Strahlenbelastung ; Russland ; Nuclear Energy ; Russland ; Kernreaktorsicherheit ; Kernreaktor
    Abstract: The OECD Nuclear Energy Agency co-operates with both the central and eastern European countries and the New Independent States of the former Soviet Union in planning and executing safety research programmes. The purpose is to build up know-how and capabilities in safety technology pertaining to their nuclear power plants. In this report, senior safety experts from Russia and Western countries review the nuclear-safety research needed to improve the safety of Russian-designed nuclear power reactors. They have selected a number of important research topics to which priority should be given. They have also identified nuclear-safety research topics that would benefit from a collaborative effort between eastern and western nuclear-safety researchers.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162518-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Future Nuclear Regulatory Challenges : A Report by the NEA Committee on Nuclear Regulatory Activities (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264163300
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Nouveaux défis pour les autorités de sûreté nucléaire ; Un rapport du Comité de l'AEN sur les activités nucléaires réglementaires
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Future nuclear regulatory challenges ; a report by the NEA Committee on Nuclear Regulatory Activities
    DDC: 341.7/55
    RVK:
    QR 535
    Keywords: Nukleare Sicherheit ; Kernenergiepolitik ; Energiemarkt ; Deregulierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Nuclear Energy ; Kerntechnische Industrie ; Aufsichtsbehörde
    Abstract: Major nuclear regulatory challenges will arise from government policies to liberalise energy sectors. In a context of growing competition and market deregulation, it is becoming increasingly important to reconcile commercial interests with safety requirements. For nuclear regulatory bodies, the first challenge will be to ensure that economic pressures do not erode nuclear safety. In their strive to maintain nuclear safety culture, regulatory bodies will also need to adapt to an increasingly market-oriented environment and new working relationships with operators. This report identifies the challenges that regulators are likely to be confronted with over the next ten years.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264163300-en
    URL: Volltext
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