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  • HU-Berlin Edoc  (132)
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  • 2015-2019  (132)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Labor history 61,2019,1, Seiten 24-35
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (13 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Labor history
    Publ. der Quelle: Abingdon : Routledge, 2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: 61,2019,1, Seiten 24-35
    DDC: 900
    Keywords: Sümerbank ; working-class citizenship ; national belonging ; working-class politics ; republican Turkish history ; Geschichte und Geografie ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Wirtschaft
    Abstract: This paper examines discourses on citizenship and nation at shop floor level through Bakırköy Cloth Factory – a state-owned factory in Istanbul, Turkey. Founded as a private enterprise in 1850, Bakırköy became the State Industrial Office’s property in 1932 and of Sümerbank, the young Turkish state’s bank and industrial holding company in charge of textile production in 1933. Having survived such a drastic regime change, the factory’s first two decades under Sümerbank were shaped by the ruling classes’ zealous and simultaneous efforts of nation-building and industrialization. In the ruling classes’ popular projection, the alleged conversion of an unproductive industrial relic of the imperial past into an example of Republican hard work and patriotism provided opportunities for workers to repay their debt to the nation and its forefathers. In the context of the displacement and mediation of class conflict via nationalist discourses, this study explores how this industrial national space became the site of discursive struggles on national belonging and citizenship. Material from parliamentary debates and media coverage is linked with workers’ files to offer a micro-historical perspective on the interactions between class and nation.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Social Inclusion 7,2019,2, Seiten 118-127
    ISSN: 2183–2803 , 2183–2803
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Social Inclusion
    Publ. der Quelle: Lisbon : Cogitatio Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: 7,2019,2, Seiten 118-127
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: cultural difference ; ethics of care ; Germany ; integration ; refugees ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: European societies have been significantly challenged recently by intensifying debates around migration and integration. In Germany, the controversy around refugees has put the question of how to negotiate cultural differences back on the agenda. This article argues that female refugee support work volunteers in Germany have developed a compelling approach to handling cultural diversity in emotional, social and cultural practices. Building on interviews with female volunteers, this article demonstrates that research subjects’ interaction with refugees is guided by an ‘ethics of care’. Care ethics is characterised by the recognition of interdependence and relationships, attention to the context and to the particular, blurring of the public and the private and orientation towards the needs of others. The research subjects show that care values, such as responsibility and attentiveness, can serve as an alternative framework to integration and to the negotiation of diversity in everyday encounters. Data from quantitative studies on refugee support work in Germany then reveals that female volunteers politicise their care work to respond to racism and right-wing xenophobia. Ultimately, a political ethics of care has the potential to structurally, politically and emotionally change established understandings of integration and the relations between host societies and immigrants.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  kunsttexte 2019,2019,1
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: kunsttexte
    Angaben zur Quelle: 2019,2019,1
    DDC: 700
    Keywords: Tibet ; diaspora ; collection history ; cultural memory ; Tibetan material culture ; Tibetan art ; Himalayas ; Künste, Bildende und angewandte Kunst ; Galerein, Museen, Privatsammlungen zur bildenden und angewandten Kunst ; Geschichte Südasiens; Indiens ; Geschichte Zentralasiens ; Verschiedenes zur bildenden und angewandten Kunst ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Editorial
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  • 4
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (193 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2019
    DDC: 630
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Kreislaufwirtschaft ; Transaktionen ; Nährstoffrückgewinnung ; Phosphor ; Struvit ; Magnesium-Ammonium-Phosphat ; Düngung ; Abwasser ; Abwasserwiederverwendung ; Beregnung ; Abwasserbehandlung ; Pflanzenproduktion ; Bioenergie ; Nexus ; Wertschöpfungsketten ; Verknüpfungen ; Kosten ; Nutzen ; Wertschöpfung ; Interdependenzen ; Institutionen ; Governance-Strukturen ; circular economy ; transactions ; nutrient recovery ; phosphorus ; struvite ; magnesium ammonium phosphate ; fertilization ; wastewater ; wastewater reuse ; irrigation ; wastewater treatment ; crop production ; bioenergy ; nexus ; value chains ; linkages ; costs ; benefits ; added-value ; interdependences ; institutions ; governance structures ; Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche ; Wirtschaft ; Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In dieser Dissertation wird der Einfluss von Transaktionen zur Wiederverwendung von Nährstoffen und gereinigtem kommunalen Abwasser auf die Wertschöpfungsketten der Abwasserbehandlung und Pflanzenproduktion untersucht. Ziel ist es, Kosten und Nutzen sowie die Wertschöpfung von Transaktionen in verknüpften Wertschöpfungsketten der Abwasserbehandlung und Pflanzenproduktion zu analysieren. Darüber hinaus wird untersucht, wie Transaktionen und Interdependenzen zwischen Akteuren in verknüpften Wertschöpfungsketten die lokalen Governance-Strukturen für die Wiederverwendung von Abwasser beeinflussen. Die Analyse wird hauptsächlich durch das Wertschöpfungskettenkonzept, das Konzept der Kreislaufwirtschaft und die Theorie der Transaktionskostenökonomie geleitet. Mit verschiedenen Methoden, wie der Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse, der Wertschöpfungskettenanalyse und der Transaktionskostenanalyse, werden zwei Fallstudien in Deutschland untersucht: (1) die Fällung von Struvit (Magnesium-Ammonium-Phosphat) und dessen Verwendung als Dünger in Berlin-Brandenburg und (2) das Modell der landwirtschaftlichen Abwasserwiederverwendung in Braunschweig. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Wiederverwendung von Nährstoffen und Abwasser zu geringeren Kosten für die Abwasserbehandlung, höherer Rentabilität und Wertschöpfung in der Pflanzenproduktion und zu einem hohen Anteil an regionaler Wertschöpfung führen. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen aber auch, dass die Wiederverwendung von Abwasser zu Einschränkungen, Verdrängungseffekten und Veränderungen in der Verteilung der Wertschöpfung führen kann. Des Weiteren zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass differenzierte Governance-Strukturen erforderlich sind, um den unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften der Transaktionen zwischen Abwasserbehandlung und der Pflanzenproduktion gerecht zu werden. Interdependenzen zwischen Abwasseranbietern und Landwirten erhöhen den Bedarf an hybriden und hierarchischen Elementen in den Governance-Strukuren für die Wiederverwendung von Abwasser.
    Abstract: This dissertation explores the impact of transactions for reusing nutrients and treated municipal wastewater on the value chains of wastewater treatment and crop production. It aims to analyze what costs and benefits and what added-value can result from transactions in linked value chains of wastewater treatment and crop production. Furthermore, it aims to analyze how transactions and interdependences between actors in linked value chains shape the governance structures for reusing wastewater at the local level. The analysis is mainly guided by the value chain concept, the concept of the circular economy and the theory of transaction costs economics. Different methods including cost-benefit analysis, value chain analysis and transaction cost analysis are used to investigate two case studies located in Germany: (1) the precipitation of struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate) in the wastewater treatment plant in Waßmannsdorf and its application as fertilizer in Berlin-Brandenburg, and (2) the agricultural wastewater reuse scheme of the Wastewater Association Braunschweig. The results show that transactions for reusing nutrients and wastewater result in the development of linked regional value chains with lower costs of wastewater treatment, higher profitability and added-value in crop production, and a high share of regional added-value. However, the results also highlight that the reuse of wastewater can lead to restrictions (e.g., cultivation bans on certain crops), crowding out effects and changes in the distribution of the added-value. Furthermore, the findings suggest that different governance structures are needed to match the different properties of the transactions between wastewater treatment and crop production. Interdependences resulting from transactions between wastewater providers and farmers increase the need for hybrid and hierarchical elements in the governance structures for reusing wastewater.
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (161 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Kumulative Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2019
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Familiensoziologie ; Elternschaft ; Familienwandel ; kulturelle Leitbilder ; frühe Kindheit ; family sociology ; parenthood ; family change ; cultural models ; early childhood ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht kulturelle Vorstellungen und Praktiken von Elternschaft in Deutschland. Wie Familien ihre Kinder erziehen ruft ein steigendes Interesse von Seiten der Politik, Wissenschaft und weiterer (Bildungs-)Professionen hervor. Gegenwärtig wird von Eltern erwartet, dass sie sich mit Expertenwissen auseinandersetzen, welches oftmals kostspielige und zeitaufwändige Praktiken nahelegt. Zur gleichen Zeit nehmen staatliche Akteure verstärkt Einfluss auf das familiale Leben und insbesondere die Kindererziehung. Als Folge dieser Entwicklung haben sich die kulturellen Vorstellungen von Elternschaft in Deutschland gewandelt. Mit diesen Entwicklungen beschäftigt sich die vorliegende Arbeit in drei Aufsätzen. Im Einzelnen betrachten die Artikel: (1) die Bedingungen von familienpolitischen Reformen, (2) die elterlichen Diskussionen um sich wandelnde Erwartungen sowie (3) die Auswirkung der elterlichen Klassenposition auf deren Erziehungspraktiken. Um diese Fragen zu beantworten greifen die Artikel sowohl auf Umfragedaten als auch digitale Daten zurück, die mit neuen Methoden der computergestützten Sozialforschung analysiert werden. Insgesamt erweitert die vorliegende Dissertation unser Wissen um den aktuellen Wandel von Elternschaft in Deutschland. Zudem werden innovative Methoden der computergestützten Sozialforschung in die Familiensoziologie eingeführt. Zuletzt wurde mit kulturellen Leitbildern von Elternschaft ein Zugang vorgeschlagen, der es erlaubt den gegenwärtigen Wandel von Elternschaft zu untersuchen.
    Abstract: The thesis at hand investigates conceptions and practices of parenthood in Germany. How families approach their childrearing has attracted growing interest in politics, science, and by (education) professionals. Today, parents are encouraged to seek expert advice to inform their childrearing. Such advice often involves the expenditure of considerable amounts of time and money. At the same time, the state has become increasingly active in the intimate life of families and, in particular, their parenting practices. As a result, the cultural models of parenthood in Germany have been changed. At the background of these changes, I designed three papers that analyze (1) the conditions of family policy change, (2) the way parents adopt changing expectations and demands, and (3) the relationship between parenting practices and social class. In order to address these questions, the respective articles use survey and digital data as well as methods from the computational social sciences (CSS). In sum, the dissertation expands our knowledge on the current recalibration of parenthood in Germany. It also introduces innovative methods from CSS to family sociology. Finally, cultural models of parenthood are proposed as a way to organize the research on changing standards and norms of parenthood.
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  • 6
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (286 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2016
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Urban Space ; Kasachstan ; Astana ; Migranten ; City of the Future ; Liminality ; Kazkhstan ; Astana ; Internal Migrants ; Urban Space ; Ethnography ; City of the Future ; Liminality ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Die folgende Dissertation beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema Stadtmigration in Astana (Kasachstan) und befasst sich mit der Forschungsfrage wie das Alltagsleben von Zugezogenen in der neuen Hauptstadt von Kasachstan aussieht. Mein Ziel war es, die verschiedenen Facetten des Alltagslebens und die daraus folgenden Herausforderungen zu untersuchen. Astana, seit 1997 die neue Hauptstadt von Kasachstan, wird oft das "Dubai Zentralasiens" genannt. Die kasachische Regierung wirbt für Astana als einen Grundpfeiler der neuen kasachischen nationalen Identität und als ein Symbol für das moderne, westliche, reiche neue Kasachstan. Die kasachischen Eliten feiern Astana als einen Triumph von Präsident Nazarbayev. Meine Forschung beruht darauf, dass ich vielfältige Selbsterzählungen von Kasachen sammelte, die nach Astana kamen um es zu "erobern". Damit leistet die Dissertation einen Beitrag zur urbanen Ethnographie in Zentralasien. Die Arbeit besteht aus fünf Hauptkapiteln. Kapitel eins umfasst die Einleitung und legt die theoretische und methodologische Grundlage der Arbeit fest. Der theoretische Ansatz von Setha Low „co-production of space“ (the social production and social construction of space) leitet die Forschungsfrage und der Begriff von Liminality (Turner 1967, Thomassen, 2014) wird als zentrales Grundkonzept die Analyse der Arbeit begleiten. Kapitel zwei beschreibt die Zugezogenen und definiert diese als priezzhie, die sich im Status von „in-between“ befinden. Kapitel drei beschreibt die Wohnsituation junger Zugezogener in Astana und Kapitel vier schildert das Single Leben von jungen Frauen. In den letzten Kapiteln geht es darum, welche Möglichkeiten und Chancen sich den Zugezogenen bieten, ihre Träume und Vorstellungen umzusetzen. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass die Erfahrungen, welche Zugezogene in Astana machen, sehr gut als Beispiele für liminal personae und liminales Wohnen verstanden werden können.
    Abstract: The dissertation aims to answer the research question of what it means for various groups of individuals to live in Astana on a daily basis. As the new capital, Astana attracted a large number of internal migrants from various parts of Kazakhstan, who searched for better prospects and lives. Officially, the new capital is promoted by Kazakhstan’s government as “city of the future” and regards it as President Nazarbayev’s (1991-2019) most successful project. The dissertation offers an ethnographic contribution to urban experiences of migrants in Central Asia. The dissertation is divided into five main chapters. Chapter one offers an introduction to the theme and outlines major theoretical framework and the methodology on which the research is based. I apply the theory of the co-production of space (the social production and social construction of space) outlined by Setha Low to integrate the ‘spatial’ aspect as an integral part of my research. In addition, I employ the concept of liminality (Turner, 1967, Thomassen, 2014) as the central idea to analyze the stories of my informants. Within this framework, I argue that Astana’s unique urban space supports the emergence of liminal personae, liminal housing arrangements, lifestyles and career aspirations which are mutually connected and influence each other. Accordingly, the second chapter describes the newcomers who are defined as ‘priezzhie’ and occupy an in-between status. The third chapter looks at housing and focuses on renting in shared flats. The fourth chapter is about the dating experiences of young women. The last chapter is about achieving success and career aspirations of newcomers. In conclusion, I argue that liminality explains the temporary fixation of the ambiguous, conflicting, and unstable order which has emerged for many newcomers in Astana.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9783945561393
    Language: English
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Taking the material approach to photography as a starting point the volume offers new insights into the epistemological potential of analog and digital photographs and photo archives in the humanities and sciences from a comparative viewpoint.
    Note: The publication of this work was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 8
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (409 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2019
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Teenagerschwangerschaft ; Gender ; Aspiration ; Jugend ; Identitätsentwicklung ; Bildung ; Nicaragua ; Teenage pregnancy ; Gender ; Aspirations ; Youth ; Identity development ; education ; Nicaragua ; Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Nicaragua hat eine der höchsten Teenager-Geburtenraten in Lateinamerika. Das Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die subtilen Konzepte, Wahrnehmungen, Überzeugungen und Einflussfaktoren zu verstehen, die zu unterschiedlichen Fertilitätsentscheidungen junger Frauen führen können. Die Ergebnisse basieren auf qualitativen Daten, die im städtischen Nicaragua erhoben wurden. Die Studie zeigt, dass zwei strukturelle Beschränkungen die Wahlmöglichkeiten von Frauen und ihre Fähigkeit beeinflussen, aktiv an der Definition ihrer Lebenswege teilzunehmen: Armut und traditionelle Geschlechternormen. In einer armen Umgebung aufzuwachsen, bedeutet nicht nur finanzielle Benachteiligung, sondern auch mangelnde Bildungsqualität, Mangel an effektivem und zeitnahem Zugang zu Gesundheitsdiensten, Gewalt in den Wohnvierteln, Mangel an Chancen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt, Mangel an positiven Vorbildern. Darüber hinaus beeinflussen traditionelle Geschlechternormen das sexuelle Verhalten junger Frauen, ihre Interaktionen mit ihren Familien und Partnern und die Art und Weise, wie sie sich ihr Leben vorstellen. Diese Faktoren haben nicht nur Auswirkungen auf den Entscheidungsprozess, sondern auch auf die Konsequenzen dieser Entscheidungen für die jungen Frauen und ihre Kinder.
    Abstract: Nicaragua has one of the highest adolescent fertility rates in the region. The objective of this study is to understand the subtle concepts, perceptions, beliefs, and influencing factors that may lead to different fertility outcomes among young women. The results are based on qualitative data collected in urban Nicaragua. The study shows that two structural constraints affect women’s choices and their capacity to actively participate in defining their life paths: poverty and traditional gender norms. Growing up in a poor environment not only means monetary deprivation, but also exposure to a lack of quality education, a lack of effective and timely access to health services, violence in neighborhoods, an absence of opportunities in the labor market, and a lack of positive role models. In addition, traditional gender norms affect young women’s sexual behavior, their interactions with their families and partners, and the way they envision their lives. Those factors have implications not only for the process of decision-making, but also for the outcomes of those decisions for the young women and their children.
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (181 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2018
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Webbewegung ; organischer Intellekt ; digitale Technologien ; politische Partizipation ; web movement ; organic intellectual ; digital technologies ; political participation ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Eine neue Art von sozialen Bewegungen führt nicht nur Individuen aus der breiten Masse in neue politische und soziale Themen ein und stärkt ihre politische Partizipation, sondern befähigt sie, zu lernen, sich auszutauschen und zu organisieren, um sich so dafür einzusetzen, dass die politischen und gesellschaftlichen Institutionen im Sinne ihrer Interessen arbeiten. Diese Hypothesen sollen dabei helfen, eine Antwort auf folgende Forschungsfrage zu finden: Wie unterstützen digitale Technologien die Entwicklung von organischen intellektuellen? Um die oben genannten Hypothesen zu validieren, wurde ausgehend von den von Manuel Castells und Antonio Gramsci vorgestellten Konzepten eine qualitative Analyse der Ergebnisse semi-strukturierter Interviews aus vier verschiedenen Ländern auf vier Kontinenten durchgeführt. Die Forschungsarbeit untersucht zentrale Charakteristika der digitalen Umgebung globaler Web-Bewegungen. Zum einen bezieht sich dies aufgängige Kritikpunkte an politischer Online-Partizipation wie "Digital Divide", "Clicktivism" und "Simplification", zum anderen auf die Verwässerung des Konzepts der Souveränität. Auf Grundlage der erhobenen Daten argumentiert die vorliegende Arbeit gegen diese Kritikpunkte und problematisiert das Konzept der nationalen Souveränität. Die Forschungsarbeit stellt die Annahme infrage, dass globale Unterstützung für lokale Angelegenheiten auf Solidarität basiert, und führt eine Perspektive ein, die das Recht auf Beteiligung als Ausdruck einer Identifikation als globaler Staatsbürger versteht.
    Abstract: A new kind of social movements are not only introducing individuals from within the masses to new political and social topics, and raising their interest and activity in political education and participation, but also enabling their ability to learn, discuss, deliberate, share, and organize themselves for making the political institutions of the society to work for their interests. This hypothesis was formulated in order to aid the process of finding an answer to the research question: how are digital technologies helping in the development process of organic intellectuals? Based on the concepts presented by Manuel Castells and Antonio Gramsci, a qualitative analysis of the responses collected in four countries across four different continents using semi-structured interviews presented the evidence used to validate the above hypothesis. The research also examines couple of main aspects of the online environment in relation to a global web movement. One is relating to the major criticisms of online political participation such as 'Digital Divide', 'Clicktivism', and 'Simplification', while the second is relating to the dilution of the concept of 'Sovereignty'. The gathered data allows this research to argue against the criticisms, and problematize the concept of national sovereignty. This research questions the general assumption that a global action in support of local issues is based on solidarity, and presents a different perspective focused on the right to demand action based on an identification of global citizenship.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Journal of gender studies 29,2019,2, Seiten 174-186
    ISSN: 1465-3869 , 1465-3869
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of gender studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Abingdon, Oxfordshire : Carfax, 2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: 29,2019,2, Seiten 174-186
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Care ; volunteering ; refugees ; migration ; Germany ; political activism ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This article explores the role of gender in volunteering with refugees in Germany and how female volunteers, who outnumber male volunteers considerably, understand their involvement differently from men. Drawing upon quantitative data from two studies with volunteers in refugee work in Germany from 2015 and 2016, I discuss the motivations of female volunteers to engage in refugee support work, the meaning they give to their experience of working with refugees and the values they wish to demonstrate through their voluntary work. The article centrally maintains that refugee support work can be classed as a form of care work and is informed by an ethics and values of care. However, other results unveil that women interpret their care work as an expression of their political attitudes, specifically about anti-racism and anti-right-wing activism, as well, and thereby have recourse to a supposedly male political justification for engaging in volunteering. Thus, this article argues that these two forms of motivation for volunteering, care and politics, do not need to be mutually exclusive. Crucially, voluntary refugee support work represents a unique opportunity for women’s political activism for anti-racism and cultural openness.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Governing Complexity: Analyzing and Applying Polycentricity / Andreas Thiel, William A. Blomquist, Dustin E. Garrick ,2019, Seiten 45-64
    ISBN: 9781108325721 , 9781108325721
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Governing Complexity: Analyzing and Applying Polycentricity / Andreas Thiel, William A. Blomquist, Dustin E. Garrick
    Publ. der Quelle: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2019, Seiten 45-64
    DDC: 320
    Keywords: polycentricity ; governance ; institutions ; scale ; specialization ; coordination ; interorganizational relationships ; multifunctionality ; Politikwissenschaft ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Because many types of governance can be polycentric, an observer faces a challenge in trying to identify and understand polycentric governance in actual settings. This chapter adopts the perspective of thinking about polycentricity as a lens through which to view governance situations. We take an inquiry approach, considering how one might determine whether and in what ways a given governance situation demonstrates the characteristics of polycentric governance. We proceed through a series of questions an observer could pose as part of 'seeing polycentrically', i.e., looking at the aspects and dimensions of polycentric governance introduced in Stephan, Marshall, and McGinnis as a way of building an understanding of a governance situation. We attempt to describe why these queries are important and how posing and answering these questions helps in examining and understanding the situation. We close the chapter by considering the challenges of assessing the operation of polycentric governance arrangements.
    Note: This material has been published in 'Governing Complexity: Analyzing and Applying Polycentricity', edited by Andreas Thiel, William A. Blomquist and Dustin E. Garrick, as chapter 2 (pages 45–64), https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108325721.003. This version is free to view and download for private research and study only. Not for re-distribution or re-use. © Cambridge University Press, 2019
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Journal of environmental policy and planning 21,2019,4, Seiten 358-372
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of environmental policy and planning
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: 21,2019,4, Seiten 358-372
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Rainwater harvesting ; institutions ; imaginaries ; urban infrastructure ; Berlin ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Studies of rainwater harvesting regularly highlight the rich diversity of technologies used for rainwater harvesting in cities, but rarely devote attention to the equally diverse logics driving rainwater harvesting projects (RWHPs). To rectify this omission this paper presents research from a city – Berlin – which has a long pedigree of rainwater harvesting that has given rise, over the past 30 years, to an astonishingly varied range of schemes. We analyse and compare three cases encapsulating three distinct project types prevalent in the city: public, grassroots and commercial. The paper demonstrates the nature of diversity between the three and illustrates how diverse logics of rainwater harvesting co-exist within one city. More fundamentally, it unpacks these logics using concepts of sociotechnical imaginaries, urban infrastructures in transition and institutional obduracy and change. It is demonstrated, thereby, how each project reflects a particular imaginary of why urban rainwater should be harvested, how and for whom, and how these imaginaries have emerged out of particular institutional and infrastructural contexts in the course of Berlin’s post-reunification development. The paper concludes with reflections on the implications of this conceptually grounded, cross-case comparison for environmental research and policy.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: Originally published as: Ourania Papasozomenou, Timothy Moss & Natàlia García Soler (2019) Raindrops keep falling on my roof: imaginaries, infrastructures and institutions shaping rainwater harvesting in Berlin, Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning, 21:4, 358-372, DOI: 10.1080/1523908X.2019.1623658
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Journal of ethnic and migration studies ,2019, Seiten 1-15
    ISSN: 1469-9451 , 1469-9451
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of ethnic and migration studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2019, Seiten 1-15
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: German labour movement ; political remittances ; transnationalism ; working class formation ; political refugees ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Das Sozialverhalten beeinflussende Faktoren
    Abstract: It is a key idea that the German Labour Movement originated in the early nineteenth century abroad. In the more liberal atmosphere of Paris, Brussels, Geneva and London political refugees and travelling journeymen came together and founded associations. This turn of events should, however, not be seen solely within the analytical framework of class formation but also as part of the civil societal development of a transnational movement that fought for the acceptance of the workers as ‘real citizens’. This paper seeks to place the topic of the (political) formation of the German working class in dialogue with the structure of political remittances and thereby to enquire into the influence of foreign ideas and associational models on the early German working class: which actors, media and ideas helped spread these new forms of associations; how were these shaped by the interplay between national impacts and transnational developments?
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 14
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  The senses & society 14,2019,2, Seiten 148-172
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: The senses & society
    Publ. der Quelle: Abingdon, Oxfordshire : Routledge
    Angaben zur Quelle: 14,2019,2, Seiten 148-172
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Experience ; history of education ; anthropology of the senses ; imagination ; sensibility ; gender ; history of perception ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Bräuche, Etikette, Folklore
    Abstract: Taking the German picture-encyclopedia Picture Book for Children (1790–1830) of Friedrich J. Bertuch as a vantage point, this article presents a thick historiographical description of the concept of experience and the role of visual material in relation to the figure of the child. I am interested here in the formation of the notion of experience and specifically in the ways experience has played a key role in the debates over the concepts of vitalism, epigenesis, and experience-based (verbal) imagery in the Enlightenment. The broad call for clearness, vividness and the employment of images in the literature of the period highlights crucial negotiations of sense-based practices in education and scholarly knowledge production. Experience, sensation, perception, and observation became catchwords within anthropological and philosophical reflections on how to showcase life itself. Through a careful analysis of early biological images and image practices in Bertuch’s Picture Book, I show the picture was supposed to initiate interaction. Pictures become a crucial part of communication processes and practices of bourgeois self-assurance, also with regards to racialized, sexualized and gendered subject formation.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 15
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Ethnicities 19,2019,3, Seiten 535-557
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Ethnicities
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 19,2019,3, Seiten 535-557
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Migration background ; ethnic categories ; national statistic ; German microcensus ; statistical category ; citizenship ; national membership ; Bräuche, Etikette, Folklore
    Abstract: The term “migration background” is commonly used in Germany today, but this neologism is only 20 years old. As an official category, it is even much younger. There has been only little research concerning the new population category, which emerged around the turn of the millennium. Thus, the question how the “migration background” could become the central category describing migration related diversity in Germany is not answered yet. This article fills this gap by exploring the context of the emergence of the “migration background” including the history of ethnic categories in German official statistics. It describes the actual definition of a “migration background” which became an official category in 2007 when the German Federal Statistical Office started publishing data regarding “the population with a migration background” based on the microcensus, a 1% household survey with mandatory participation. The central questions are: how national membership is imagined, how is it inscribed in definitions, and what adaptions had to be made over time? To answer these questions, different sources as questionnaires, publications of results of the microcensus and national reports on children and youth are analysed. Using interpretative methods, it is shown how a new taxonomy of the population in Germany was created, how it was influenced by international and national educational research, and to which extent it reshaped the perspectives on newcomers and natives. It is shown that the new category is tightly bound to citizenship and summarizes a number of older ethnic categories, but excludes also immigrated Germans who immigrated shortly after Second World War and from the former German Democratic Republic. Therefore, the label “migration background” is misleading because inherited citizenship and ancestry is in the centre of the definition rather than migration experience.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 16
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Acta Sociologica 62,2019,2, Seiten 174-192
    ISSN: 0001-6993 , 0001-6993
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Acta Sociologica
    Publ. der Quelle: London, England : SAGE Publications
    Angaben zur Quelle: 62,2019,2, Seiten 174-192
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Family demography ; income inequality ; decomposition ; counterfactual analysis ; Germany ; United States ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Income inequality has grown in many countries over the past decades. Single country studies have investigated how trends in family demography, such as rising female employment, assortative mating and single parenthood, have affected this development. But the combined effects have not been studied sufficiently, much less in a comparative perspective. We apply decomposition and counterfactual analyses to Luxembourg Income Study data from the 1990s and 2000s for West Germany and the USA. We counterfactually analyse how changes in the distribution of men’s and women’s education, employment and children across households between the 1990s and 2000s affected overall inequality (Theil index). We find that changes in family demography between the 1990s and the 2000s explain inequality growth in West Germany but not in the USA, where the effects of gendered changes in education and employment offset each other. In West Germany, changes in the distribution of household types, and particularly changes in men’s employment and education, contributed to increases in income inequality. The country differences in the relationship between changes in family demography and inequality growth reflect how the decline in men’s and the growth in women’s employment played out differently in the weakening male breadwinner context in West Germany and in the universal breadwinner context in the USA.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
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  • 17
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Geoforum 101,2019, Seiten 202-211
    ISSN: 0016-7185 , 0016-7185
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (38 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Geoforum
    Publ. der Quelle: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
    Angaben zur Quelle: 101,2019, Seiten 202-211
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: mental health care ; precarity ; housing market ; urban assemblages ; ethnography ; niching ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: Community psychiatry services in Berlin are currently facing serious challenges providing care to their clients due to a strained housing market and a lack of housing for people with low income or on welfare. Rather than using the word precarity to describe the effect of cuts in welfare state benefits and investments, we grasp precarity ethnographically as a situated, processual condition that emerges in urban assemblages. Based on long-term ethnographic fieldwork in community psychiatry and with people with a psychiatric diagnosis in Berlin, we elaborate on the entanglement of housing market development, gentrification processes and mental health care provision. Community psychiatry professionals especially face challenges securing decent housing for their clients in the inner-city; as a result they pressure them to keep disturbances to a minimum and keep inconspicuous clients in the mental health care system. We argue that precarity is contingently produced by the coming-together of urban developments and community psychiatry principles. As such, precarity itself is generative of shifts in mental health care practices, produces visible tensions within community psychiatry and unfolds in the everyday struggles of mental health care clients, resulting in ambiguous outcomes. To provide a relational analysis of precarity as lived experience and a condition of urban life, we introduce the notion of niching as a middle-range concept connecting conditions of precarity with what people make of it. This is complemented by an analysis of the socio-material practices that produce urbanism.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: Final version published as: Patrick Bieler, Martina Klausner: “Niching in cities under pressure. Tracing the reconfiguration of community psychiatric care and the housing market in Berlin”. In: Geoforum 101 (2019), pages 202–211. DOI: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2019.01.018
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  • 18
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Current Sociology 67,2019,3, Seiten 383-400
    ISSN: 0011-3921 , 0011-3921
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Current Sociology
    Publ. der Quelle: London, England : SAGE Publications
    Angaben zur Quelle: 67,2019,3, Seiten 383-400
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Belonging ; boundaries ; diversity ; Europe ; refugees ; solidarity ; transnationalism ; Bräuche, Etikette, Folklore ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The recent massive arrival of war refugees has challenged Europe’s political unity and fanned the flames of anti-Muslim populism. Both discourses have been framed in terms of ‘shifting solidarity’ between the European Union member states, their citizens and the refugees. At stake, the article argues, is the delineation of the collectivity linked by the obligation of solidarity. Drawing on insights from research conducted among Polish-born migrants in Germany about their practices and attitudes towards helping the refugees, and critically engaging with social theory, this article offers a new understanding of transnational solidarity. Transnational solidarity, it argues, needs to embrace the tension between cosmopolitan and particularistic ideas around belonging. The article suggests defining transnational solidarity as an outcome of socio-culturally and spatio-temporally specific interpretations of the norm of solidarity. As a heuristic device, transnational solidarity helps us to understand the shifting alliances for and against refugees in Europe.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
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  • 19
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (98 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Berliner Abschlussarbeiten der Europäischen Ethnologie 4,2019
    Dissertation note: Masterarbeit Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2019
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; utopia ; film ; Fallism ; South Africa ; frame analysis ; decolonisation ; intersectionality ; Utopie ; Film ; Fallism ; Südafrika ; Rahmenanalyse ; Dekolonialisierung ; Intersektionalität ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Beginning in 2015, the South African Fallist student movement grew rapidly and sparked uprisings across the whole country, calling for free decolonized education. In January 2017, when the movement was in a phase of slow retreat, Kagiso Mogotsi, a black South African history student and I, a white German anthropologist, spent one semester at the University of Pretoria collaborating on a militantly engaged film project. Changing Utopias? A South African Protest Documentary involved a number of Fallists, eager to utilize this particular moment to foster a new debate about South African utopias. Together we created a twenty minute film, exploring the links between the the historical uprisings against apartheid and colonialism of earlier generations of black activists in South Africa, and the new generation of Fallist activists. With the help of narrative and frame analysis I later examined the activists' alignments to the struggle heroes, as well as to black radical feminisms and present LGBTIQA+ movements. While the motivational utopias of Fallism are still based upon equality, justice, decolonisation, and liberation from oppression, these old visions are being interpreted anew, words filled with fresh meaning and adapted to new concepts and practices of intersectionality. With utopia as a method, this thesis recognises the movement as an ever-changing and self-challenging conglomerate of the values, hopes and dreams of the so called Born Free generation of a post-colonial and post-Rainbow Nation South Africa.
    Abstract: Die südafrikanische Studierendenbewegung Fallism nahm ihren Anfang im Jahr 2015 und entfachte mehrere Aufstände überall im Land durch dem Ruf nach freier dekolonialisierter Bildung. Im Januar 2017, zu einer Zeit in der sich die Bewegung in einer Phase des Rückzugs befand, verbrachten Kagiso Mogotsi, eine Schwarze südafrikanische Geschichts-Studentin und ich, eine Weiße deutsche Anthropologin, ein Semester damit, an der Universität zu Pretoria zusammen im Zeichen der militantly engaged anthropology mit mehreren Fallists einen Film zu drehen. Das Ergebnis trug den Titel Changing Utopias? A South African Protest Documentary. Der zwanzig minütige Film wurde von Fallists genutzt, um eine neue Debatte über südafrikanische Utopien anzustoßen. Die Verbindungen zwischen den historischen Aufständen gegen Apartheid und Kolonialismus früherer Generationen Schwarzer südafrikanischer struggle heroes und denen einer neuen Generation von Fallists wurden dabei besonders unterstrichen. Später untersuchte ich mit der Hilfe von Narrations- und Rahmenanalyse diese Aneignung jener historischen Kämpfe, sowie die neue Verortung der Fallists in black radical feminisms und LGBTIQA+ Bewegungen. Während ihre Utopien immer noch auf Gleicheit, Gerechtigkeit, Dekolonialisierung und Befreiung von Unterdrückung basieren, interpretieren Fallists die alten Visionen doch neu und passen sie den aktuellen Konzepten und Praktiken der Intersektionalität an. Schließlich erkennt diese These, Utopie als Methode nutzend, die neue Bewegung eines post-kolonialen und post-Regenbogen Südafrikas als ein sich stetig wandelndes und selbst-hinterfragendes Konglomerat von Werten, Hoffnungen und Träumen der sogenannten Born Free Generation.
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  • 20
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (49 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Berliner Abschlussarbeiten der Europäischen Ethnologie 3,2019
    Dissertation note: Masterarbeit Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2019
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Self-Tracking ; Quantified Self ; Measurement ; Quantification ; Data ; self-optimization ; Technologies of the Self ; Self-Tracking ; Quantified Self ; Messung ; Quantifizierung ; Daten ; Selbstoptimierung ; Technologien des Selbst ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The general tendency of modern knowledge production towards quantification and datafication increasingly alters the methods of self-observation. Within the practices of self-tracking the subject of cognition collapses with the object of investigation into a self-measuring subject. In the frame of an ethnographic analysis of the Quantified Self movement, the thesis critically questions the relation of this specific self-knowledge to strategies of governance. The Quantified Self presents itself as community of form, in which no specific values are imposed on its members, but the imperative of freedom and a quantified form. However, this apolitical stance of the Quantified Self reproduces the desires inscribed into the body of a capitalistic society. Yet moments of dysfunctionality and crisis can be observed inside the community. Resorting to Michel Foucault’s concept of a “care of the self” the author then elaborates the question, if an emancipatory turn might emerge out of these moments of crisis.
    Abstract: Die allgemeine Tendenz der modernen Wissensproduktion zur Quantifizierung und Datenproduktion erfasst heute zunehmend die Methoden der Selbstbeobachtung. In den Messpraktiken des Self-Trackings kollabieren Erkenntnissubjekt und Untersuchungsobjekt zu einem sich selbst vermessenden Subjekt. Als ethnographische Untersuchung der Bewegung des Quantified Self, geht die Arbeit dem Verhältnis dieses spezifischen Selbstwissens zu Techniken der Selbst- und Fremdkontrolle kritisch nach. Das Quantified Self stellt sich dabei als formgebende Gemeinschaft heraus, in der außer dem Imperativ der Freiheit und einer quantifizierten Form dem Subjekt keine ethischen Normen vorgeschrieben werden. Durch diese sich apolitisch gebende Haltung reproduziert das Quantified Self jedoch vor allem die Bedürfnisse einer kapitalistischen Leistungsgesellschaft. Innerhalb der Gemeinschaft kommt es dabei immer wieder zu Momenten der Dysfunktionalität dieses Wissensprogramms und persönlichen Krisen, aus denen heraus der Autor die Frage entwickelt, ob mit Rückgriff auf Michel Foucaults Konzept einer „Sorge um sich selbst“ eine emanzipative Wendung möglich ist.
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  • 21
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  American Politics Research 48,2019,4, Seiten 484-491
    ISSN: 1532-673X , 1532-673X
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: American Politics Research
    Publ. der Quelle: Los Angeles, CA : SAGE Publications
    Angaben zur Quelle: 48,2019,4, Seiten 484-491
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: responsiveness ; representation ; parties ; referenda ; marginality ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: It is often argued that electoral vulnerability is critical to constituency responsiveness. We investigate this possibility using different measures of vulnerability, but argue that in the United States the Republican Party may be less responsive than the Democratic Party due to its core constituency and view of representation. We test our hypotheses relying on an innovative research design that exploits referenda in U.S. states to compare legislator voting behavior with voter preferences on exactly the same policy proposal, allowing us to overcome the measurement problems of much previous research. Based on a newly compiled data set of more than 3,000 voting decisions for 818 legislators on 27 referenda, we find high levels of congruence, but that congruence with the median voter is higher for legislators who are running for reelection. We also find that Democrats are more responsive after a close election but that Republicans are not sensitive to electoral margins.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
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  • 22
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  kunsttexte 2019,2019,1
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: kunsttexte
    Angaben zur Quelle: 2019,2019,1
    DDC: 700
    Keywords: Tibet ; contemporary art ; Non-Western art ; museums ; Künste, Bildende und angewandte Kunst ; Galerein, Museen, Privatsammlungen zur bildenden und angewandten Kunst ; Geschichte Südasiens; Indiens ; Geschichte Zentralasiens ; Verschiedenes zur bildenden und angewandten Kunst ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: When examining the evaluation of artworks from non-Western nations, research often focuses on the appropriation of value by those who live in culturally central countries over their peripherally located counterparts. Such expertise often translates to the “discovery” of art in peripheral nations. For example, Price (2001: p. 68) examines “the ‘anonymous’ world of Third World craftsmanship” where “Western observer’s discriminating eye is often treated as if it were the only means by which an ethnographic object could be elevated to the status of a work of art.” However, less work explores how non-Western actors exhibit and represent their country’s artwork within a Western context and to Western audiences. The present research uses a case study to explore the way Tibetan artists and curators have established a museum dedicated to Tibetan art in Northern Europe: the Museum of Contemporary Tibetan Art in Emmen, the Netherlands. The mission of this museum is to introduce and promote the “artistic, cultural and historical matters of Tibetan Art […] reflecting [the] adjustment of Tibetan Art and culture in the West.” This museum is the first in Europe to house and exhibit contemporary Tibetan artworks and officially opened in September 2017. Consequently, our research is the first to examine this museum and proffer analysis of the museum’s strategies for promoting their artwork. Drawing from a world systems perspective, the overall aim of the research is to provide insight into the representation of culturally peripheral, non-Western art in a culturally dominant, Western context.
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  • 23
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Social Inclusion 7,2019,4, Seiten 100-107
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Social Inclusion
    Publ. der Quelle: Lisbon : Cogitatio Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: 7,2019,4, Seiten 100-107
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Anonymized Health Certificates ; illegalized migration ; medical care ; urban citizenship ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This article argues for an urban citizenship perspective which explores the struggle for rights and the everyday practices of illegalized migrants. Analyzing the concept of Anonymized Health Certificates as a result of such a struggle allows for examination of urban citizenship in this context. The implementation of the Anonymized Health Certificates program would facilitate access to medical care for people who live in the city of Berlin but are excluded from this right due to their lack of residency status. However, such a perspective also makes it possible to examine the limitation of the Anonymized Health Certificates, which would allow illegalized migrants in Berlin to circumvent access barriers, while at the same time the exclusion mechanisms of these barriers would remain uncontested at the national level. Whilst Anonymize Health Certificates will greatly improve access to medical care, illegalized migrants have by no means been passive subjects and have been actively rejecting their exclusion from health care: Practices include sharing health insurance cards with friends, visiting doctors who help for free as a form of solidarity, and sharing information about these doctors within their social networks. Even if they do not contest the social order visibly, they refuse to passively accept their social exclusion. Illegalized migrants perform such practices of urban citizenship in their everyday life as they actively take ownership of their rights to participate in urban life, even whilst being formally denied these rights.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 24
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 8,9
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: governance models ; Colombian Llanos ; Cultura Llanera ; extractivism ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Increasingly, the developmental model of anthropic and extractive interventions is a global concern. Its impacts are challenging not only the precarious equilibrium of natural resources but also the one of local communities and identities. The case of the Colombian Llanos shows how the local culture of the Cultura Llanera (CL) is deep-rooted with natural resources, their use and their management. Throughout the use of a survey based on the Governance Analytical Framework (GAF), this paper presents and discusses shared problems and social norms. The collective perception of local groups shows that the CL, in particular traditional livestock practices in flooded savannahs, is a key element for the sustainable development of the region. Furthermore, it reveals that agricultural and extractive activities, primarily rice and oil, are considered the main threats to both the ecosystem and the protection of the CL.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 25
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  88,4, Seiten 659-675
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angaben zur Quelle: 88,4, Seiten 659-675
    DDC: 150
    Keywords: Big Five ; grief ; personality trait change ; spousal bereavement ; widowhood ; Psychologie ; Bräuche, Etikette, Folklore
    Abstract: Objective Although losing one's spouse is one of the worst experiences that can occur in life, it has not been resolved yet how this experience relates to personality development. Method In the German Socio-Economic Panel study, information on the death of a spouse was assessed yearly from 1985 to 2017 and personality was measured repeatedly in 2005, 2009, 2013, and 2017 with a short version of the Big Five Inventory. We used multilevel analyses to simultaneously model whether personality differed between individuals who did or did not lose their spouse and whether personality changed prior to and after this experience. Results Compared to controls without the event, individuals who lost their spouse at a later point of time were more conscientious (β = .21) and more extraverted (β = .17). They became gradually more extraverted in the three years prior to the event (β = .25), but were less extraverted thereafter (β =−.27). Moreover, they gradually increased in Emotional Stability in the three years after this experience (β = .30). These changes were primarily driven by women and middle-aged individuals. Men whose spouse died were less open in the first year after the event (β =−.47). Conclusions Losing one's spouse relates to changes in Extraversion and Emotional Stability, especially in women and middle-aged adults.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 26
    ISSN: 2183-7635 , 2183-7635
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Lisbon : Cogitatio Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: 4,2, Seiten 53-69
    DDC: 710
    Keywords: ageing cities ; Berlin ; diversity ; elders ; moving behaviour ; survey ; urban planning ; Raumplanung und Landschaftsarchitektur ; Gemeinschaften
    Abstract: Two of the dominant processes shaping today’s European cities are the ageing and diversification of the population. Given that the range of action usually decreases in later life, the living environment around the place of residence plays an important role in the social integration of the older generation. Hence, spatial patterns of residence indicate the extent of opportunities for the older population to engage in urban life and, therefore, need to be addressed by urban planning and policy. The aim of this article is to study the interrelation between diversity in later life—in terms of migrant history, gender, social class, and age—as well as planned and actual (past) movements of elders. We have chosen Berlin as a case study and draw from a quantitative survey with elders (age 60+) from diverse backgrounds (N = 427). Our results from descriptive analysis and statistical hypothesis tests show that age impacts people’s past and planned movement; we observe a peak in the decisions to move at the age of 65–75 and a drop in the inclination to move among people over 80. None of the other factors is similarly influential, but we observe appreciable tendencies regarding the impact of gender and social class on planned movements. Our study suggests that variables other than classic socio-demographic data, such as apartment size, rent, social networks, and health, and their interrelations may offer a promising starting point for achieving a full picture of older people’s movement behaviour.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 27
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (458 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2017
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; sozial-ökologische Transformation ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Transition ; kollektives Lernen ; gesellschaftlicher Wandel ; sustainability governance ; buen vivir ; gutes Leben ; Diskursanalyse ; social-ecological transformation ; sustainability ; transition ; collective learning ; societal change ; sustainability governance ; buen vivir ; good living/ living well ; discourse analysis ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Die immer offensichtlicher werdende Verflechtung der vielfältigen sozialen und ökologischen Krisen stellt Risikogesellschaften weltweit vor der Herausforderung, grundlegende Transformationen der vorherrschenden gesellschaftlichen Modelle und Lebensweisen vorzunehmen, welche sich an den kulturellen Vorstellungen des wohlhabenden globalen Nordens orientieren. Bisher haben sich jedoch sowohl internationale als auch lokale Versuche, globale Entwicklungspfade in Richtung „faire und nachhaltige“ Zukunft zu lenken, als weitgehend erfolglos erwiesen. Der weltweite Ressourcenverbrauch und die Degradierung der Biosphäre haben sich weiter verschärft und beschleunigt. In Anlehnung an die deutsche hermeneutische Tradition sowie an den französischen Poststrukturalismus und den amerikanischen symbolischen Interaktionismus versucht diese theoretische und empirische Dissertation, die strukturellen Zwänge zu modellieren, mit denen individuelle change agents konfrontiert sind, und sie daran hindern, sozial-ökologische "reale Utopien" (Bloch) voranzutreiben. Darüber hinaus nimmt diese Dissertation eine Typisierung möglicher Wege zur Überwindung solcher Einschränkungen vor, nämlich durch Eingriffe einer bestimmten Art von auf der meso-gesellschaftlichen Ebene operierender Agency, die wir als Para-Governance bezeichnen. Die Dissertation schließt mit einer Reflexion über die sich verändernden Formen und Funktionen von Governance im Anthropozän, die über herkömmliche, eng definierte rationalistische und institutionalistische Ansätze hinausgehen.
    Abstract: The increasingly apparent imbrication of the multiple social and ecological crises creates an imperative for “risk societies” worldwide to undertake fundamental transformations to the currently prevalent model of social organization shaped after the cultural imaginaries of the affluent Global North. So far, however, both international and local attempts at bending global developmental trajectories towards “fair and sustainable” futures have proven largely futile, with global resource-consumption and biosphere degradation further reinforcing and accelerating. Drawing on the German hermeneutic tradition, as well as on French post-structuralism and American symbolic interactionism, this theoretical cum empirical dissertation seeks to model the structural constraints weighting over ‘change agents’, thus preventing them from advancing social-ecological “real utopias” (Bloch), and typify possible ways of overcoming such constraints through interventions of a specific kind of agency identified as operating at the meso-societal level, which we refer to as para-governance. The dissertation concludes by reflecting on the changing forms and functions of governance in the Anthropocene beyond conventional narrowly defined rationalist and institutionalist approaches.
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  • 28
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 8,10
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: parental leave ; employment ; workplace culture ; ideal worker norm ; gender equality ; mixed methods ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The division of parental leave among couples today is still unequal—even in countries with progressive leave schemes. Given the gendered nature of the workplace, we examine how organizational characteristics relate to fathers’ uptake and length of parental leave as well as to the perceived career consequences of leave uptake among those fathers who took leave. In our mixed methods study, we draw on unique quantitative and qualitative data on different-sex couples with young children in Germany (2015). We find that the fear of professional repercussions and the lack of a replacement at work inhibit fathers both from taking leave in general and, for those who take leave, from taking it for more than two months. Interestingly, however, the majority of fathers who took leave did not think that their leave negatively affected their professional advancement. This positive evaluation was independent of the length of leave. We compared fathers’ perceived leave consequences to those of mothers, who tended to have a more negative view of the impact of taking leave on their careers. Both fathers and mothers were more likely to report negative career consequences if they worked in organizations that promoted a strong ideal worker norm, that is, where employees thought that they were expected to prioritize paid work over their private life.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 29
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Philadelphia, Pa. : Psychology Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: 27,4, Seiten 613-628
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Autoregressive cross-lagged model ; continuous time modeling ; heterogeneity ; structural equation modeling ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Dynamic panel models are a popular approach to study interrelationships between repeatedly measured variables. Often, dynamic panel models are specified and estimated within a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework. An endemic problem threatening the validity of such models is unmodelled heterogeneity. Recently, individual parameter contribution (IPC) regression was proposed as a flexible method to study heterogeneity in SEM parameters as a function of observed covariates. In the present paper, we derive how IPCs can be calculated for general maximum likelihood estimates and evaluate the performance of IPC regression to estimate group differences in dynamic panel models in discrete and continuous time. We show that IPC regression can be slightly biased in samples with large group differences and present a bias correction procedure. IPC regression showed generally promising results for discrete time models. However, due to highly nonlinear parameter constraints, caution is indicated when applying IPC regression to continuous time models.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 30
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  41,5, Seiten 552-579
    ISSN: 1075-5470 , 1075-5470
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks [u.a.] : SAGE Publications
    Angaben zur Quelle: 41,5, Seiten 552-579
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: scientific misconduct ; retractions ; apologies ; boundary work ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Retractions of journal articles exclude fraudulent or erroneous research from legitimate science and perform boundary work. Analyzing retractions from different disciplines and focusing on their apologetic aspects, we find that these apologies shift between openly addressing emotional, normative, and social themes and concealing them in a more scientific style of communication. Their boundary work remains highly ambivalent: They alternate between scientific and nonscientific forms of speaking, portray unstable patterns of control and coercion, and avoid drawing a boundary between legitimate and nonlegitimate science. In line with the hypothetical nature of scientific knowledge, retractions thus leave boundary making to the future.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
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  • 31
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  42,8, Seiten 1278-1298
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: 42,8, Seiten 1278-1298
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften ; Wirtschaft
    Abstract: For many years, Chinese infrastructure finance has been secured by African governments to provide infrastructure of national significance, while cities continue to lack fiscal tools for the provision of large-scale urban infrastructure. This article not only demonstrates that Chinese infrastructure finance is being extended to municipal authorities in Africa to undertake critical urban infrastructure but also scrutinizes the urban dynamics and local impact of using Chinese infrastructure finance for urban regeneration. Through empirical scrutiny of the regeneration of Kotokuraba Market in Cape Coast, Ghana, findings reveal that municipal authorities, like national governments, are subjected to political and embedded conditionalities. However, the conventional resource-backed repayment conditionality characteristic of Chinese-funded national projects differs from the project finance model—relying on the project’s cash flow for repayment—adopted in Cape Coast. We found in Cape Coast a locally-driven emphasis on affordable rents that stands in stark contrast to the practice of project finance, resulting in potential default of the Chinese loan. The wider consequences of this disjuncture for urban development, financing and governance in Cape Coast, Ghana, and Africa are discussed.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 32
    ISSN: 1363-4615 , 1363-4615
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London, England : SAGE Publications
    Angaben zur Quelle: 56,5, Seiten 947-972
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: explanatory model ; causal attribution ; mental illness ; Cuba ; qualitative study ; thematic analysis ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Medizin und Gesundheit
    Abstract: Explanatory models (EMs) for illness are highly relevant for patients, and they are also important for clinical diagnoses and treatment. EMs serve to capture patients' personal illness narratives and can help reveal how culture influences these narratives. While much research has aimed to understand EMs in the Western hemisphere, less research has been done on other cultures. Therefore, we investigated local causal attributions for mental illness in Cuba because of its particular history and political system. Although Cuban culture shares many values with Latin American cultures because of Spanish colonization, it is unique because of its socialist political and economic context, which might influence causal attributions. Thus, we developed a qualitative interview outline based on the Clinical Ethnographic Interview and administered interviews to 14 psychiatric patients in Havana. We conducted a thematic analysis to identify repeated patterns of meaning. Six patterns of causal attribution for mental illness were identified: (1) Personal shortcomings, (2) Family influences, (3) Excessive demands, (4) Cultural, economic, and political environment in Cuba, (5) Physical causes, and (6) Symptom-related explanations. In our sample, we found general and Cuba-specific patterns of causal attributions, whereby the Cuba-specific themes mainly locate the causes of mental illness outside the individual. These findings might be related to Cubans' socio-centric personal orientation, the cultural value of familismo and common daily experiences within socialist Cuban society. We discuss how the findings may be related to social stigma and help-seeking behavior.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  58,2, Seiten 282-300
    ISSN: 0539-0184 , 0539-0184
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London, England : SAGE Publications
    Angaben zur Quelle: 58,2, Seiten 282-300
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Bourdieu ; evaluation ; journal impact factor ; measurement ; quantification ; semiotics ; value ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This contribution seeks to provide a more detailed insight into the entanglement of value and measurement. Drawing on insights from semiotics and a Bourdieusian perspective on language as an economy of linguistic exchange, we develop the theoretical concept of value-measurement links and distinguish three processes – operationalisation, nomination, and indetermination – as forms in which these links can be constructed. We illustrate these three processes using (e)valuation practices in science, particularly the journal impact factor, as an empirical object of investigation. As this example illustrates, measured values can function as building blocks for further measurements, and thus establish chains of evaluations, where it becomes more and more obscure which values the measurements actually express. We conclude that in the case of measured values such as impact factors, these chains are driven by the interplay between the interpretative openness of language and the seeming tendency of numbers to fixate meaning thus continually re-creating, transforming and modifying values.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 34
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI
    Angaben zur Quelle: 8,4
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: telecoupling ; sustainability ; multi-stakeholder initiatives ; roundtable for sustainable palm oil ; sustainable natural rubber initiative ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Current debates on climate change have led to an increased demand for sustainable commodities. Serving this demand, sustainability certification schemes and eco-friendly labels have become prominent mechanisms of climate governance. Smallholder farmers in Jambi province, Indonesia, producing palm oil and rubber as the two dominant smallholder crops, are impacted by this distal demand. Zimmerer et al. (2018) suggest analyzing the potential sustainability in such a context with the multilevel smallholder telecoupling framework. Applying this framework to case studies from Jambi province, our first case reveals that smallholder certification for so-called sustainable palm oil does not necessarily influence smallholder towards more sustainable management practices. One explanation might be a discrepancy in sustainability perception between sender and receiver systems. The second case is the setup of an allegedly eco-friendly rubber plantation. The establishment of this model plantation is implemented by a transnational corporation in collaboration with a nature conservation organization, impacting the access to land for adjacent smallholders. The struggle over access to land is not only negotiated between smallholders and the corporation producing “eco-friendly” rubber but also between smallholders and big land mammals lacking access to land since the rubber plantation began to be established. We argue that the concept of sustainability as demanded by the receiving system does not mirror management practices in the sending system, even though the products reach the Global North as supposedly socially and climate-friendly. The smallholder telecoupling framework is helpful for assessing potential sustainability but can be expanded towards conflictive spillovers, second order effects, and a mismatch in sustainability perceptions in order to draw a more comprehensive picture.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 35
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (238 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2019
    DDC: 300
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Reform- und Öffnungspolitik ; Legitimität von Ungleichheit ; Symbolisches Kapital ; Staatssozialistischen Hierarchischen Systems ; Habitus ; Reproduktion von Ungleichheiten ; Chinese Economic Reform ; Legitimacy of Inequality ; Symbolic Capital ; State-Socialist Hierarchical System ; Habitus ; Reproduction of Inequality ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Die Dissertation versucht herauszufinden, ob Ungleichheiten im reformierten China aus dem vergangenen staatssozialistischen System heraus reproduziert werden und wie in diesem Falle diese Reproduktion von Ungleichheit funktioniert. Die soziokulturelle Perspektive erlaubt eine Interpretation von Ungleichheit als ungleiche Verteilung symbolischen Kapitals, was konkret heißt, dass die strukturelle Ursache für Ungleichheit in der symbolischen Vermittlung menschlichen Handelns liegt. Die symbolische Vermittlung über den Habitus wurde von Pierre Bourdieu systematisch untersucht, um die Funktionsweise der Reproduktion von Ungleichheiten zu erklären. Als Ausdruck der Logik menschlichen Handelns, welches durch Wissen und Erfahrung in einer symbolischen Welt entsteht, organisiert der Habitus das menschliche Handeln, um die Bedingungen seines Entstehens zu reproduzieren. Im Falle Chinas seit Beginn der Reformpolitik sind Hierarchien des staatssozialistischen Systems in Form von post-transformativen symbolischen Ungleichheiten erhalten geblieben. Diese Strukturen werden in der Dissertation als eine sozialistische Soziokultur definiert, die menschliches Handeln im veränderten Umfeld des Marktes vermittelt. Die sozialistische hierarchische Ordnung differenziert chinesische Bürger entlang der Trennlinien sozialistischen symbolischen Kapitals. Die Ergebnisse der multiple correspondence analysis zeigen, dass sowohl im Kontext des urbanen als auch des ländlichen Chinas die Beständigkeit des staatssozialistischen hierarchischen Systems eine wichtige Rolle für die heutige soziale Struktur spielt. Auf den Ergebnissen der quantitativen Forschung, die menschliches Handeln wird in der meritokratischen Gesellschaft durch sozialistische hierarchische Vermächtnisse symbolisch ausgehandelt. Gleichzeitig funktioniert die Persistenz des Habitus des staatssozialistischen hierarchischen Systems als unsichtbarer Mechanismus der Reproduktion von Ungleichheiten im China der Reformpolitik.
    Abstract: This study specifically aims to explore whether or not inequality in today's China is reproduced from the historical state-socialist class system and, if so, how the reproduction of inequality happens. The sociocultural perspective allows for the interpretation of inequality as an unequal distribution of symbolic capital, which reveals that the symbolic mediation of human practice is the structural root of inequality. This symbolically mediated practice is called habitus, which has been systematically developed by Pierre Bourdieu and utilized to explain how the reproduction of inequality happens. As the embodied logic of human practice that is acquired from knowledge and experience within a symbolic world, habitus organizes human practice to seek out and reproduce the conditions from which the habitus has developed. With regard to the case of China in this dissertation, some state-socialist hierarchical arrangements are maintained in the form of symbolic inequalities under reform, and are defined together as a socialist socioculture that is hypothesized to mediate human practice in a market environment. These socialist hierarchical arrangements distinguish Chinese citizens along the lines of socialist symbolic capital. Empirically, the results of multiple correspondence analysis demonstrate that in both rural and urban China, the persistence of the state-socialist hierarchical system plays an important role in informing the social structure, even with the rise of emerging classes. Following the findings from the quantitative research, it was found that human practice in a meritocratic society is symbolically mediated by the socialist hierarchical legacies. Meanwhile, the maintenance of habitus acquired from the state-socialist hierarchical system is an invisible mechanism for reproducing inequality under reform.
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  • 36
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  27,2, Seiten 240-254
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: New York, NY : Psychology Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: 27,2, Seiten 240-254
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Individual score/factor score methods ; Kalman filter ; longitudinal autoregressive models ; model misspecification ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Different methods to obtain individual scores from multiple item latent variable models exist, but their performance under realistic conditions is currently underresearched. We investigate the performance of the regression method, the Bartlett method, the Kalman filter, and the mean score under misspecification in autoregressive panel models. Results from three simulations show different patterns of findings for the mean absolute error, for the correlations between individual scores and the true scores (correlation criterion), and for the coverage in our settings: a) all individual score methods are generally quite robust against the chosen misspecification in the loadings, b) all methods are similarly sensitive to positively skewed as well as leptokurtic response distributions with regard to the correlation criterion, c) only the mean score is not robust against an integrated trend component, and d) coverage for the mean score is consistently below the nominal value.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  61,1, Seiten 1-11
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Abingdon : Routledge, 2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: 61,1, Seiten 1-11
    DDC: 900
    Keywords: Global labour history ; factory history ; industrialization ; post-industrialization ; working-class history ; Geschichte, Geografie und Hilfswissenschaften ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Wirtschaft
    Abstract: Factories remain significant sites of employment, crucial to capitalism. In the twentieth century, scholars registered achievements in documenting their history, but since the late 1980s, and for a generation, the field lost impetus within labour history although insights continued to accumulate through work in adjacent disciplines. The factory has not featured on the agenda of ‘transnational’ and ‘global’ labour history, but we suggest that it can and should contribute to that broader global project, reinvigorating labour history, not least by contributing a dimension close to workers’ everyday experience.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 38
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Taylor & Francis, 2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: 33,5, Seiten 634-650
    DDC: 333.7
    Keywords: Farmer group ; governance ; independent smallholders ; power mapping ; smallholder certification ; social network analysis ; Southeast Asia ; Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
    Abstract: Multi-stakeholder sustainability certification schemes have become a favorite instrument for applying good governance, though studies indicate their inefficiency at the producer level. In this study, we used a mixed-method approach to first, map the institutional context of independent oil-palm smallholders in rural Sumatra while, second, reflecting upon the impact of the Smallholder Standard proposed by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil on smallholder management practices. We hold that non-recognition of micro-scale perspectives within governance processes may partially explain noncompliance with certification principles among smallholders. The Smallholder Standard appears unable to mitigate challenges important for smallholders, who in turn cannot properly comply with it, due to problems including weather instability and high management costs. We suggest that certification schemes need to work on some overlooked but essential preconditions of good governance, namely gaining micro-level visibility and acceptance.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  20,2, Seiten 156-172
    ISSN: 2159-9149 , 2159-9149
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Abingdon : Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: 20,2, Seiten 156-172
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: precarity ; precarious employment ; precarity of life arrangement ; recognition ; Honneth ; gender ; couple ; Germany ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Precarity and precarious work are widely debated concepts, though a lack of clarity remains about its definition, dimensions and application. Recognition appears to be an illuminating concept for a deeper understanding of work and employment in times of precarity and its further effects, but has yet to be considered. The article aims to develop a multifaceted understanding of precarity for empirical research. Hence, precarity of life arrangement is introduced as a heuristic, though it is developed further on the grounds of theories of recognition. The conceptual enlargement of precarity of life arrangement, further developed by theories of recognition, is the outcome of the article. To demonstrate the concept`s potential, of the spectrum of the empirical material of the study, the case of a couple in precarious working and living conditions is presented. Income and employment are important dimensions within the concept but are embedded in the life arrangement and hence intertwined with rights, love, participation, care, health and housing. The enlarged perspective developed in the articles stresses not only how precarity cumulates in life arrangement, but also gives insights into how precarity is mitigated and strengthened within the reciprocal relations of life dimensions and due to recognition (deficits).
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 40
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: New York, NY : Psychology Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: 27,3, Seiten 483-493
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Bayesian analysis ; run time optimization ; nuisance parameters ; multi-level modeling ; structural equation modeling ; sampler monitoring ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Bayesian estimation has become very popular. However, run time of Bayesian models is often unsatisfactorily high. In this illustration, we show how to reduce run time by (a) integrating out nuisance model parameters and by (b) reformulating the model based on covariances and means. The core concept is to use the sample scatter matrix which is in our case Wishart distributed with the model-implied covariance matrix as the scale matrix. To illustrate this approach, we choose the popular multi-level null (intercept-only) model, provide a step-by-step instruction on how to implement this model in a multi-purpose Bayesian software, and show how structural equation modeling techniques can be employed to bypass mathematically challenging derivations. A simulation study showed that run time is considerably reduced and an empirical example illustrates our approach. Further, we show how the JAGS sampling progress can be monitored and stopped automatically when convergence and precision criteria are reached.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 41
    ISSN: 0001-6993 , 0001-6993
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London, England : SAGE Publications
    Angaben zur Quelle: 62,2, Seiten 119-134
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Attitudes ; moral economy ; welfare state ; Europe ; immigration ; democratic forum ; inequality ; neo-liberalism ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This paper uses innovative democratic forums carried out in Germany, Norway, and the United Kingdom to examine people’s ideas about welfare-state priorities and future prospects. We use a moral economy framework in the context of regime differences and the move towards neo-liberalism across Europe. Broadly speaking, attitudes reflect regime differences, with distinctive emphasis on reciprocity and the value of work in Germany, inclusion and equality in Norway, and individual responsibility and the work-ethic in the UK. Neo-liberal market-centred ideas appear to have made little headway in regard to popular attitudes, except in the already liberal-leaning UK. There is also a striking assumption by UK participants that welfare is threatened externally by immigrants who take jobs from established workers and internally by the work-shy who undermine the work-ethic. A key role of the welfare state is repressive rather than enabling: to protect against threats to well-being rather than provide benefits for citizens. UK participants also anticipate major decline in state provision. In all three countries there is strong support for continuing and expanding social investment policies, but for different reasons: to enable contribution in Germany, to promote equality and mobility in Norway, and to facilitate self-responsibility in the UK.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 42
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (289 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2017
    DDC: 306
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Tanz ; Erinnerung ; Diaspora ; Geschichte ; Gender ; Holocaust ; Sklaverei ; Körper ; Oxana Chi ; Zufit Simon ; André Zachery ; Farah Saleh ; Chantal Loïal ; Wan-Chao Chang ; Christiane Emmanuel ; dance ; memory ; diaspora ; history ; gender ; holocaust ; slavery ; body ; Oxana Chi ; Zufit Simon ; André Zachery ; Farah Saleh ; Chantal Loïal ; Wan-Chao Chang ; Christiane Emmanuel ; danse ; mémoire ; diaspora ; histoire ; genre ; Schoah ; corporéalité ; Kultur und Institutionen
    Abstract: Die Dissertation von L. Zuckerman (auch bekannt als Layla Zami) erforscht die Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Erinnerung, Bewegung, Diaspora und Zeit/Raum in Tanzproduktionen des 21. Jahrhunderts. In einer innovativen transkulturellen, transdisziplinären und transtemporalen Perspektive setzt die Publikation den Akzent auf die Solo-Arbeiten von sieben zeitgenössischen Choreograph_innen, die in Deutschland, Frankreich, Taiwan, Martinique, Palästina und den USA leben, und Interpret_innen ihrer eigenen Stücke sind. Ausgehend von der Hypothese, dass Körper eine zentrale Rolle in der Aushandlung und Überwindung von Machtverhältnissen spielen, fragt die Forschung was geschehen kann, wenn tanzende Körper die Vergangenheit in die Gegenwart transportieren, im materiellen und im metaphorischen Sinne. Die Autorin leitet ein neues Konzept ein, das im Englischen sowohl Substantiv als auch Verb ist: (to) perforMemory. Sie reflektiert die Besonderheiten der Ausdruckform Tanz in der Darstellung, Herstellung, und Tradierung von kultureller Erinnerung im Bezug auf historische Traumata wie der Holocaust, der Transatlantische Sklavenhandel, die Maafa, die Nakba und zeitgenössische gesellschaftspolitische Herausforderungen. Das als Spirale konzipierte Buch lädt zu einer Wanderung durch diasporische Tanz_schaften, in denen sich Fragestellungen zu Identität, Körperlichkeit, Zugehörigkeit, Räumlichkeit und Zeitlichkeit entfalten, und sich in der Diskussion von bestimmten Tanzsequenzen wechselseitig beleuchten. Die Doktorarbeit basiert auf den Ergebnissen einer vierjährigen internationalen Forschung. Die Quellen schöpfen aus unterschiedlichen Fachrichtungen, u.a. Gender und Queer Studies, Tanz/Performance, Kulturwissenschaften, Erinnerung, Postkoloniale Studien, Literatur, Quantenphysik, und Lyrik. Die Veröffentlichung beinhaltet ebenfalls die vollständigen Transkripte von persönlichen Gesprächen, die die Autorin mit den Künstler_innen Oxana Chi, Zufit Simon, Wan-Chao Chang, André M. Zachery, Farah Saleh, Christiane Emmanuel und Chantal Loïal aufgenommen hat, sowie Links zu Performance-Ausschnitten.
    Abstract: The dissertation by L. Zuckerman (aka Layla Zami) explores the interrelations and interactions between memory, movement, diaspora, and spacetime in 21st century dance productions. In an innovative transcultural, transdisciplinary and transtemporal approach, the publication focuses on solo works by seven contemporary dancers-choreographers based in Germany, France, Taiwan, Martinique, Palestine and the USA. Contending that corporeality is a site and a source of power, the research asks what happens when moving bodies propel the past into the present, metaphorically and materially. The author introduces a new concept: (to) perforMemory, which is both a noun and a verb, and discusses the specificity of dance in the production and transmission of cultural memory in relation to historical trauma such as the Holocaust, the Transatlantic Slave Trade, Maafa, the Nakba and contemporary sociopolitical challenges. Conceived in a spiral-like fashion, the book takes the reader through diasporic dancescapes in which notions of identity, home, embodiment, spatiality and temporality unfold and are brought into resonance with each other in the discussion of specific dance examples. The theoretical references connect such various fields as gender studies, dance and performance studies, cultural memory studies, postcolonial studies, literature, quantum physics, queer studies and poetry. Based on doctoral research conducted across the globe from 2013 to 2017, the electronic publication also features the full interview transcripts of personal conversations recorded by the author with the artists Oxana Chi, Zufit Simon, Wan-Chao Chang, André M. Zachery, Farah Saleh, Christiane Emmanuel and Chantal Loïal, as well as links to audiovisual performance excerpts.
    Abstract: La thèse explore les interrelations et interactions entre mémoire, mouvement, diaspora et espace-temps dans la danse au XXIème siècle. Dans une approche transculturelle, transdisciplinaire et transtemporelle, la publication se concentre sur des pièces solo chorégraphiées et interprétées par sept chorégraphes contemporain.e.s basé.e.s en Allemagne, France, Martinique, Palestine, à Taiwan et aux Etats-Unis. Estimant que les corps humains sont objets et sujets de relations de pouvoir, la thèse étudie ce qui se passe lorsque les corps dansent le passé au temps présent, au sens propre et au sens figuré. L'auteure introduit un nouveau concept: (to) perforMemory, à la fois un substantif et un verbe en anglais. Elle met en relief la spécificité de la danse comme forme de production et transmission de la mémoire culturelle, en relation avec des traumas historiques tels que l'Holocauste, la Traite triangulaire ou Maafa, la Nakba ainsi que des défis sociopolitiques contemporains. Conçu comme une spirale, le livre est une invitation au voyage à travers des paysages diasporiques dansés, dans lequel les notions d'identité, d'appartenance, de spatialité, de temporalité et de représentation émergent tour à tour, et s'illuminent mutuellement dans l'analyse de séquences de danse concrètes. Le corpus théorique puise dans des domaines aussi variés que les études de genre, la danse, les études postcoloniales, la litérature, les Cultural Studies, la physique quantique, les études queer et la poésie. Basée sur des recherches doctorales conduites de 2013 à 2017 à travers le monde, cette publication électronique comprend également les transcriptions intégrales des entretiens personnels menés avec les artistes Oxana Chi, Zufit Simon, Chantal Loïal, Christiane Emmanuel, Farah Saleh, Wan-Chao Chang, et André M. Zachery, ainsi que des liens vers des extraits audiovisuels de spectacles.
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  • 43
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (142 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2018
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Heiratsmigration ; Transnationalismus ; thailändische Diaspora ; sozialer Raum ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; deutscher Arbeitsmarkt ; marriage migration ; transnationalism ; Thai diaspora ; social space ; employment ; German labour market ; Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Seit ungefähr den 1960er Jahren migrieren Thailänder nach Deutschland, und es ist statistisch belegt, dass die Feminisierung der thailändischen Migration bis heute anhält (Bundesamt für Statistik, 2016). Frauen machen 87 Prozent aller in Deutschland lebenden Thailänder und Thailänderinnen aus. 94 Prozent aller Ehen mit thailändischer Beteiligung in Deutschland bestehen zwischen thailändischen Frauen und deutschen oder ausländischen Männern, während in nur 6 Prozent der Fälle thailändische Männer mit deutschen oder ausländischen Frauen verheiratet sind. Im Jahr 2005 waren 58.784 thailändische Staatsangehörige in Deutschland gemeldet, aber nur 43 Prozent davon waren nach dem deutschen Gesetz als „erwerbstätig“ registriert. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht das Beschäftigungsdilemma thailändischer Heiratsmigranten seit dem Inkrafttreten des neuen Aufenthaltsgesetzes im Jahr 2005. Zunächst beleuchtet sie die zugrundeliegenden Probleme, wegen derer die thailändische Heiratsmigranten ihr Potential als Vollzeit-Arbeitskräfte nicht ausschöpfen können, und erklärt, warum sich hochqualifizierte thailändische Heiratsmigranten nicht voll in den deutschen Arbeitsmarkt integrieren können. Dann untersucht sie die thailändische Diaspora und den Transnationalismus thailändischer Heiratsmigranten in Deutschland, und schließlich versucht sie, anhand Pierre Bourdieus Theorie von Kapital, Habitus und sozialem Raum die Berufsentscheidungen thailändischer Heiratsmigranten im deutschen Umfeld zu erklären. Qualitative Interviews, welche zwischen 2016 und 2017 durchgeführt worden sind, stellen mit 38 Informanten und einem quantitativen Fragebogen, der von 125 Befragten ausgefüllt wurde, bislang eine der umfangreichsten Forschungen über thailändische Ehemigranten in Deutschland dar.
    Abstract: Thais started to migrate to Germany around the 1960s, and it is statistically evident that the feminisation of Thai migration through marriage to Germans has continued to the present day (Federal Statistics Office of Germany, 2016). Women account for almost 87 percent of all Thais in Germany. Marriages of Thai women to German or foreign husbands account for 94 percent of marriages in Germany involving Thai nationals, compared to only six percent of Thai men married to German or foreign wives. In 2005, the total number of Thais in Germany was 58,784; however, only 43 percent of Thais were registered as “labour” under the German employment system. This paper investigates the employment dilemma of Thai marriage migrants after implementation of the new Residence Act of 2005. First, it sheds light on the underlying problems that hinder Thai marriage migrants’ potential as full-time labourers and provides better understanding of why highly-educated Thai marriage migrants cannot fully integrate into the German labour market. Second, it examines the Thai diaspora and explores the present-day trans-nationalism of Thai marriage migrants in Germany. Finally, it applies Pierre Bourdieu’s theoretical concept of capital, habitus and social space to better understand Thai marriage migrants’ career choices in the German milieu. Qualitative interviews with 38 informants and a quantitative questionnaire filled out by 125 additional respondents were conducted between 2016 and 2017, providing one of the most comprehensive researches on Thai marriage migrants in Germany to date.
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.) ,2018, Seiten 103-113
    ISBN: 978-3-86004-332-5 , 978-3-86004-332-5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.)
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2018, Seiten 103-113
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Provenienz ; koloniale Provenienz ; Provenienzforschung ; ethnografische/ethnologische Sammlungen ; ethnologische Museen ; Sammlungsgeschichte ; Kolonialismus ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The »Return, Reconcile, Renew Project«, a major research initiative funded by the Australian Research Council, has several aims. One important goal is the creation of digital resources for provenance research, primarily in connection with the repatriation of the bodily remains of Old People by Indigenous Australian communities. Digitally mapping the history of the collecting of ancestral bodily remains and important cultural property of Australian and other Indigenous peoples since the mid-eighteenth century can greatly enhance the kinds of provenance research that western museums now commonly find themselves obliged to undertake.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.) ,2018, Seiten 38-44
    ISBN: 978-3-86004-332-5 , 978-3-86004-332-5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.)
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2018, Seiten 38-44
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Provenienz ; koloniale Provenienz ; Provenienzforschung ; ethnografische/ethnologische Sammlungen ; ethnologische Museen ; Sammlungsgeschichte ; Kolonialismus ; Sozialwissenschaften
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Social Inclusion 6,2018,1, Seiten 157-165
    ISSN: 2183-2803 , 2183-2803
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (9 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Social Inclusion
    Publ. der Quelle: Lisbon : Cogitatio Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: 6,2018,1, Seiten 157-165
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: illegal migration ; imperceptible politics ; migration ; mobile commons ; political subjectivity ; social change ; trade union ; Rancière ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This article argues that illegalized migrants carry the potential for social change not only through their acts of resistance but also in their everyday practices. This is the case despite illegalized migrants being the most disenfranchised subjects produced by the European border regime. In line with Jacques Rancière (1999) these practices can be understood as ‘politics’. For Rancière, becoming a political subject requires visibility, while other scholars (Papadopoulos & Tsianos, 2007; Rygiel, 2011) stress that this is not necessarily the case. They argue that political subjectivity can also be achieved via invisible means; important in this discussion as invisibility is an essential strategy of illegalized migrants. The aim of this article is to resolve this binary and demonstrate, via empirical examples, that the two concepts of visibility and imperceptibility are often intertwined in the messy realities of everyday life. In the first case study, an intervention at the ver.di trade union conference in 2003, analysis reveals that illegalized migrants transformed society in their fight for union membership, but also that their visible campaigning simultaneously comprised strategies of imperceptibility. The second empirical section, which examines the employment stories of illegalized migrants, demonstrates that the everyday practices of illegal work can be understood as ‘imperceptible politics’. The discussion demonstrates that despite the exclusionary mechanisms of the existing social order, illegalized migrants are often able to find work. Thus, they routinely undermine the very foundations of the order that produces their exclusions. I argue that this disruption can be analyzed as migrants’ ‘imperceptible politics’, which in turn can be recognized as migrants’ transformative power.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: Nachgenutzt gemäß den CC-Bestimmungen des Lizenzgebers bzw. einer im Dokument selbst enthaltenen CC-Lizenz.
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  • 47
    ISBN: 978-3-86004-336-3
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (56 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Das bologna.lab der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin fördert im Rahmen des Qualitätspakts Lehre (BMBF, 2012-2020) eine Reihe von Projekten mit dem Ziel, bereits ab dem Bachelorstudium Freiräume für forschendes Lernen zu schaffen und diese mit forschungsnahen Lehrangeboten zu füllen. Eines dieser Projekte sind die Q-Tutorien, deren Abschlussberichte in diesem Band versammelt sind. In diesen studentischen Veranstaltungen bearbeitet eine Gruppe Studierender ein selbst gewähltes Forschungsthema in eigenständiger, interdisziplinärer und möglichst innovativer Projektarbeit.
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  • 48
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (368 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2018
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Elite ; Geist des Kapitalismus ; Indien ; Wirtschaftselite ; Gujarat ; Pierre Bourdieu ; Globalisierung ; Elite ; Globalization ; Gujarat ; Spirit of capitalism ; economic elite ; India ; Pierre Bourdieu ; Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Mehr als zwei Jahrzehnte nach der wirtschaftlichen Liberalisierung Indiens kam es zur Herausbildung einer neuen Kultur des Unternehmergeistes, eines kapitalistischen Geistes. Sie umfasst die Wiederbelebung traditioneller wie auch das Entstehen angeblich moderner Werte. Die Kultur des Unternehmergeistes bezog sich vorwiegend auf die aufstrebende Mittelschicht des Landes. Diese Arbeitet erforscht wie der kapitalistische Geist in der Wirtschaftselite im indischen Bundesstaat Gujarat entsteht. Das Ziel der Forschung liegt in der Erklärung von Ungleichzeitigkeit im kapitalistischen Geist. Gujarat bietet sich als Region für eine solche Analyse an, da der Staat sowohl über wirtschaftliche Traditionen verfügt wie auch eine starke wirtschaftliche Öffnung erfährt. Den kapitalistischen Geist fasse ich als kapitalistisches Ethos im Anschluss an Pierre Bourdieus Konzept des Habitus. In Kombination mit Boike Rehbeins Konzept der Soziokultur, welches nebeneinander bestehende Lagen mit unterschiedlichen sozio-historischem Ursprüngen in einer Gesellschaft erklärt, gehe ich der Forschungsfrage nach dem Entstehen des kapitalistischen Geistes nach. Die Forschung wurde mittels der Dokumentarischen Methode mit qualitativen Interviews mit der Wirtschaftselite in Gujarat durchgeführt. Dem kapitalistischen Ethos in der Wirtschaftselite in Gujarat liegen drei Soziokulturen zugrunde, die mit der Britischen Kolonialzeit und Industrialisierung (1850-1947), mit der Zeit der eingeschränkten Wirtschaft (1947-1991) und mit der wirtschaftlichen Liberalisierung (1991) entstanden. Das kapitalistische Ethos wird in den Soziokulturen verschiedentlich interpretiert. Ich habe drei kapitalistische Ethoi rekonstruiert: das Mahajan Ethos, das Nehruvianische Ethos und das Neoliberale Ethos.
    Abstract: Almost two decades after India’s economic liberalization, scholars found the emergence of a new moral order. This new enterprise culture, or capitalist spirit, entailed the revival of traditional as well the formation of putatively modern values. While this enterprise culture accounted mostly to the emerging middle class in the country, similar changes were observed at the core of industrial capitalism: management styles, which remained unstudied sociologically. This thesis investigates how the capitalist spirit in the business elite in the Indian state of Gujarat emerges. The purpose of this study is to explain the emergence of asynchronicity in the capitalist spirit. Studying the business elite in a state with a stronghold in business traditions as well as a stark economic liberalization contributes to the above mentioned studies. Based on literature review I argue for the capitalist spirit as capitalist ethos, drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s habitus concept in combination with Boike Rehbein ‘s concept of socioculture, which explains coexisting layers in societies of different socio-historical origins. This research interest was operationalized with the documentary method, conducting qualitative interviews with the top business leaders in Gujarat. In this study, the capitalist ethos in the business elite in Gujarat emerges in three sociocultures that arose with British colonialism and industrialization (1850-1947), with the restricted economy (1947-1991), and with economic liberalization (1991). The capitalist ethos is differently interpreted in the sociocultures and therefore gains different meaning. I reconstructed the three capitalist ethoi of the Mahajan Ethos, the Nehruvian Ethos and the Neoliberal Ethos, respectively.
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  • 49
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (46 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Bachelorarbeit Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2016
    DDC: 820
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Harry Potter ; Britische Literatur ; Stereotypisierung ; Internat ; Harry Potter ; British literature ; stereotypes ; school houses ; Englische, altenglische Literatur ; Englische Erzählprosa ; Soziale Gruppen
    Abstract: Innerhalb dieser Arbeit wird der Einfluss des House Sorting, das Einteilen von Schülern in Häusern, in den „Harry Potter“-Romanen von J. K. Rowling untersucht. Es wird die These aufgestellt, dass im Zusammenhang mit den Hogwarts-Häusern Stereotypen gebildet werden, die einer klaren Abtrennung von Gut und Böse dienen und zum Ende der Buchreihe teilweise durchbrochen werden. Nach einer theoretischen Abhandlung über Stereotypen und ihrer Bildung wird auf die Struktur von Häusern innerhalb der Organisation von Internatsschulen eingegangen. Es wird gezeigt, wie die Häuser im Gleichklang zu britischen Boarding Schools auch im narrativen Text zu einem Gemeinschaftsgefühl, zu Rivalisierungen und zu einer gleichsamen Eintracht und Trennung von Schülern führen. Im Anschluss wird dargestellt, wie der narrative Text die Einstellungen gegenüber den Hogwarts-Häusern mithilfe von mehreren stilistischen Mitteln manipuliert, steuert und damit Stereotype hervorruft. Durch eine Analyse der Einführung jedes Hauses wird deutlich, wie Slytherin mit Voldemort, faschistischen Ideologien und dem Bösen assoziiert wird, während Gryffindor durch den symbolischen Gegensatz zu Slytherin zum endgültigen Gutem und Rechtmäßigem wird. Die Entwicklungen ausgesuchter, stereotypisierter Figuren, die sich in entscheidenden Momenten überraschend verhalten, brechen die Stereotype, die zu den Häusern gehören, leicht. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf Severus Snape und Peter Pettigrew, die mit unterschiedlichen Motivationen die Seite wechseln. Im Anschluss wird argumentiert, dass die Haus-Stereotypen am Ende der Buchreihe nicht abgelehnt werden, sondern weiterhin innerhalb der Zaubergesellschaft bestehen bleiben. Allerdings ist die Möglichkeit der Wahl ein wiederkehrendes Motiv in „Harry Potter“, welches deutlich macht, dass Lebensumstände keinen Einfluss auf moralische Entscheidungen haben.
    Abstract: This work examines the influence of House Sorting – the act of dividing pupils into school houses – in the “Harry Potter” novels by J. K. Rowling. Within the novels, stereotypes in connection to Hogwarts houses are established. The stereotypes then serve as a clear distinction between good and evil and are partially rejected at the end of the series. After a theoretical investigation into stereotypes and their development, the work at hand focuses on the structure of houses within the organisation of boarding schools. It is shown how the houses in the narrative text lead to a sense of community and to rivalry among Hogwarts students – thus, similar to British boarding schools, both to unification and separation of students. Following this, it is outlined how the narrative text manipulates and guides the character’s and the reader’s attitudes towards the Hogwarts Houses with the help of stylistic means, thereby creating stereotypes. An analysis of the introduction of every house shows how Slytherin is associated with Voldemort, fascists ideologies and evil, while Gryffindor becomes the ultimate good and rightful by its symbolic opposition to Slytherin. The developments of selected, stereotypical characters who behave surprisingly in moments of choice partially break the stereotypes connected to the houses. The analysis focuses on Severus Snape and Peter Pettigrew who both change sides out of different motivations. Finally, it is argued that the house stereotypes as such are not rejected at the end of the book series but rather persist within the magical society. However, a recurring motif in “Harry Potter” is the possibility of choice, which shows how personal (living) conditions do not confine moral decisions.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit - Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.) ,2018, Seiten 335-338
    ISBN: 978-3-86004-332-5 , 978-3-86004-332-5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit - Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.)
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2018, Seiten 335-338
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Provenienz ; koloniale Provenienz ; Provenienzforschung ; ethnografische/ethnologische Sammlungen ; ethnologische Museen ; Sammlungsgeschichte ; Kolonialismus ; Sozialwissenschaften
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.) ,2018, Seiten 69-84
    ISBN: 978-3-86004-332-5 , 978-3-86004-332-5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.)
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2018, Seiten 69-84
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Provenienz ; koloniale Provenienz ; Provenienzforschung ; ethnografische/ethnologische Sammlungen ; ethnologische Museen ; Sammlungsgeschichte ; Kolonialismus ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The Sámi are the only Indigenous people living in the European Union. During the last 15 years, three larger surveys have been conducted on Sámi collections in Nordic and European museums. Today, Sámi museums have collections of at least 25,000 objects, but, according to our current knowledge, almost 50,000 objects – for example the sacred drums – are in the hands of others. The majority of objects are in Nordic collections, but other European museums house at least 4,000 objects; about 1,600 of these are for example in German museums. In this paper, I wish to reflect upon the experiences we have had during the surveys. I will discuss some challenges we faced and suggest what kind of proceedings could be useful for both sides – for museums in order to get an understanding of the relevance of the objects they guard in their collections and the Indigenous contemporary knowledge about them, and for the Indigenous people who are looking for their cultural heritage in museums across Europe.
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Social Inclusion 6,2018,1, Seiten 135-146
    ISSN: 2183-2803 , 2183-2803
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Social Inclusion
    Publ. der Quelle: Lisbon : Cogitatio Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: 6,2018,1, Seiten 135-146
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: border studies ; civic stratification ; differential inclusion ; Germany ; housing ; internal border regimes ; refugees ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This article examines how state regulations, market barriers, racist discrimination as well as NGOs interact and create internal border regimes by enabling, as well as restricting, access to social and civil rights connected to housing and the freedom of movement and settlement for refugees. Our contribution builds on an analysis of federal and state regulations on housing for refugees who are either in the process of seeking asylum or have completed the process and have been granted an asylum status in Germany. The analysis aims to dissect the workings of these regulations in order to develop a detailed understanding of how these internal border regimes define barriers and access to social and civil rights. In addition to legal and regulatory barriers at the federal, state, and local levels, we identify several other barriers that affect if, how, and when refugees are able to enter local housing markets. We will examine these barriers based on an exemplary analysis of the situation in the cities of Berlin and Dresden, whereby we will apply concepts from border as well as citizenship studies to obtain a deeper understanding of the processes at hand. While contributions to the realm of border studies have so far mostly concentrated on national or EU borders, our approach follows recent literature that emphasises the need to analyse the workings of borders internal to nation-states but has so far not addressed local variations of the ways in which refugees are able to access their right to housing. In taking up this approach, we also stress the need to look at local dimensions of an increasing civic stratification of refugee rights, which past research has also conceptualised primarily on the national level. In both cities, we have collected administrative documents and conducted interviews with refugees, NGOs, and representatives from the local administration. Based on this material, we analyse the workings of administrative barriers at the state and local levels along with market barriers and discriminatory practices employed by landlords and housing companies at the local level. In most cases, these conditions restrict refugees’ access to housing. We will contrast these obstacles with insight into the strategies pursued by refugees and volunteers in their efforts to find a place to live in the city.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: Nachgenutzt gemäß den CC-Bestimmungen des Lizenzgebers bzw. einer im Dokument selbst enthaltenen CC-Lizenz.
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  • 53
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2018
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Religion ; Krankenhäuser ; Krankenhausseelsorge ; Portugal ; Religiöse Hilfe ; Religion ; Hospitals ; Hospital Chaplaincy ; Portugal ; Religious Assistance ; Soziologie, Anthropologie ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Politikwissenschaft
    Abstract: Zwischen 2001 und 2009, veränderte sich die religiöse Betreuung in portugiesischen öffentlichen Krankenhäusern von einem traditionellen Modell der Betreuung durch Kapläne, in dem Römische Katholische Kapläne die einzigen offiziellen religiösen Vertreter auf dem Krankenhausgelände waren, auf ein gesetzlich erzwungenes pluralistisches Modell, wo die religiöse Vielfalt sowohl eine Herausforderung als auch eine Ressource für religiöse Akteure bedeutet. Als Vergleichsfallstudie von drei High-End, öffentlichen Universitäts Krankenhäusern in Portugal zeigt diese Dissertation, dass die Bestimmung von religiöser Unterstützung strittig wurde, sobald die durch die Römische Katholische Kirche ausgeübte Dominanz in dem speziellen Fall des religiösen Beistands in Krankenhäusern durch Gesetzesänderungen in Frage gestellt wurde, die noch nicht vollständig umgesetzt sind. Rechtsänderungen in Richtung eines Übergangs zwischen traditionellen Kaplansämtern und Leistung Geistiger und Religiöser Unterstützung produzierten unterschiedliche Ergebnisse in den drei untersuchten Fällen in dieser Dissertation. Jede Gruppe religiöser Vertreter innerhalb jedes Krankenhaus hat gezielt lokale Aufträge ausgehandelt, um Ihre strategischen Ziele zu erreichen. Dieses divergierende Muster ist das wichtigste Forschungsrätsel in dieser Studie. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird vorgeschlagen, dass die religiöse Betreuung in öffentlichen Krankenhäusern entlang von vier Dimensionen betrieben wird: das Niveau der organisatorische Integration der religiösen Hilfeleistungen, deren strategischen Ausrichtung, deren institutionelle Untermauerung und deren Kognitiven Orientierungen. Diese Dimensionen bestimmen zu einem großen Teil, die Muster des strategischen Handelns der religiösen Vertreter in Krankenhäusern. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt fest, dass jeder der drei untersuchten Fälle, obwohl integriert in einem einzigen rechtlichen und operationellen Rahmen, in seinem Niveau der organisatorischen Integration divergiert und das dass die Kernursache aller folgenden Unterschiede zwischen den anderen Dimensionen ist.
    Abstract: Between 2001 and 2009, religious assistance in Portuguese public hospitals moved from a traditional chaplaincy model, where Roman Catholic chaplains stood as the only official religious representatives within hospital premises, to a legally enforced pluralistic model where religious diversity is both a challenge and a resource to religious actors. As a comparative case study of three high-end, public university hospitals in Portugal, this dissertation shows that religious assistance provision became contentious as the dominance exerted by the Roman Catholic Church in the specific case of religious assistance within hospitals was challenged by legal changes which are not fully implemented. Legal change towards a transition between traditional chaplaincies and Spiritual and Religious Assistance Services produced divergent results across the three cases studied in this dissertation, as the set of religious representatives within each hospital negotiated through specific local orders in order to achieve strategic goals. This divergent pattern is the most important research puzzle in this study. In this dissertation, it is proposed that religious assistance in public hospitals operates along four dimensions: the level of organizational integration of religious assistance services, their strategic orientation, their institutional underpinnings and their cognitive orientations. These dimensions determine, to a large extent, the patterns of strategic action by religious representatives within hospitals. This dissertation finds that each of the three cases studied, while integrated in a single legal and operational framework, diverge in their level of organizational integration and this is the core cause of all remaining differences across other dimensions.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.) ,2018, Seiten 9-11
    ISBN: 978-3-86004-332-5 , 978-3-86004-332-5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.)
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2018, Seiten 9-11
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Provenienz ; koloniale Provenienz ; Provenienzforschung ; ethnografische/ethnologische Sammlungen ; ethnologische Museen ; Sammlungsgeschichte ; Kolonialismus ; Sozialwissenschaften
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.) ,2018, Seiten 45-54
    ISBN: 978-3-86004-332-5 , 978-3-86004-332-5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.)
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2018, Seiten 45-54
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Provenienz ; koloniale Provenienz ; Provenienzforschung ; ethnografische/ethnologische Sammlungen ; ethnologische Museen ; Sammlungsgeschichte ; Kolonialismus ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Provenance research, whether it be in relation to objects or ancestral human remains, can be a daunting process for any museum curator. Knowing where to start, confirming accession information, and identifying the country, specific location, or even the communities/cultures of origin can seem too difficult a task to achieve at times. This contribution looks at the various types of research avenues I have ventured down in my role as repatriation researcher for the Karanga Aotearoa epatriation Programme at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. This includes oral and tribal histories, archival material, private and published material, and archaeological information. I also draw on my experiences as an anthropologist and archaeologist as well as an indigenous person and discuss the importance of working with communities in this type of research, especially with regard to collaboration and relationship building which in some countries like New Zealand is an integral part of a museum’s philosophy. Making contact with communities does not have to be a difficult process and there are many benefits to creating lasting relationships of this nature. Networks within the museum world are also very important, especially if your work seems isolating. Knowing there are other colleagues out there willing to provide support and knowledge not only nationally but also internationally can help. I will discuss the strong networks I have created over the years and share some of the positive outcomes.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.) ,2018, Seiten 123-132
    ISBN: 978-3-86004-332-5 , 978-3-86004-332-5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.)
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2018, Seiten 123-132
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Provenienz ; koloniale Provenienz ; Provenienzforschung ; ethnografische/ethnologische Sammlungen ; ethnologische Museen ; Sammlungsgeschichte ; Kolonialismus ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The paper describes experiences of the author in historical collections research since the 1960s and some methodological practices derived from it. It offers insights into the needs and opportunities of looking at museum objects as material documents of the past and at the implications for contemporary collecting and for the preservation of cultural heritage.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.) ,2018, Seiten 55-68
    ISBN: 978-3-86004-332-5 , 978-3-86004-332-5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.)
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2018, Seiten 55-68
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Provenienz ; koloniale Provenienz ; Provenienzforschung ; ethnografische/ethnologische Sammlungen ; ethnologische Museen ; Sammlungsgeschichte ; Kolonialismus ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In Namibia, it is difficult today to locate many historical artefacts that embody the cultural identity of communities. Yet these objects have been collected and, often, archived (rather than displayed) in museums beyond the continent. The internet gives access to a disparate »virtual museum« of Namibian cultural heritage. The »Africa Accessioned« project aims to locate and list the diaspora of African ethnographic collections held in European museums as a tool to generate dialogue and collaborative projects. We see the project as a concept that could be extended, a concept that operates with little or no financial resources. Four African countries provided the initial focus for the project: Botswana, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The project initially mapped relevant collections held in Finland, Germany, Sweden, and the UK. A secondary exercise has documented Namibian collections in Finnish museums in more detail and will be used to demonstrate the project’s potential to develop the notion of the »museum as process«. However, the presentation will also speculate on the ways in which German museums might engage more effectively with Namibian communities. The project recognises the contextual framework of the circulation of material culture along colonial trade routes. It seeks to position museums as mediums for global dialogue. Conversations can enable source communities to provide greater historical depth regarding the intangible cultural heritage and places which provide a more complete biography of an object in a collection. However, establishing mechanisms to enable effective dialogue remains a challenge. The project is not a campaign for the repatriation of all African artefacts to the continent, but it will initiate debate about the provenance and significance of some artefacts. We believe that the willingness to review collections and to address the past can stimulate inter-cultural dialogue and lead to positive co-operation. European museums need to engage with this legacy, but should see dialogue as an opportunity, rather than a threat. Collections can generate connections. Museums can build bridges, rather than barriers, between communities.
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  • 58
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (75 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Masterarbeit Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2018
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Modelle ; Anthropologie ; Ethnografie ; Wissenschafts- und Technikforschung ; Wissenspraxen ; Computersimulation ; Bifurkation ; Ontologie ; Modi des Schlussfolgerns ; Visualisierung ; Experiment ; Sozio-Ökologie ; Materiell-semiotisch ; Epistemologie ; modelling ; anthropology ; Science and Technology Studies ; knowledge practices ; ethnography ; simulation ; bifurcation ; ontology ; epistemology ; ontological transformativity ; inference ; visualization ; experimentation ; socio-ecology ; material semiotics ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Diese Arbeit basiert auf einer explorierenden ethnografischen Forschung bei einer interdisziplinären Forschungsgruppe, die mathematische Modelle und Computersimulationen komplexer sozio-ökologischer Transformationen entwickelt. Die detaillierte empirische Beschreibung von Wissenspraxen in der Modellierung trägt zu ihrem grundlegenden Verständnis seitens der Sozialanthropologie und Wissenschaft- und Technikforschung bei. Dabei werden Konzepte wie Bifurkation, Irreversibiltätsgrade und Alignment (Ausrichtung) operationalisiert. Theoretisch Diskussionen betreffen die Kollektivität wissenschaftlicher Praxis, die Epistemologie von Computersimulationen, Materialität in Experimenten, Laborstudien und Ontologie. Modellkonstruktion und –läufe können als Prozess beschrieben werden, in dem Modellformate durch materiell-semiotische Praxen – vereinfachen, experimentieren, und visualisieren – iterativ und kontinuierlich aufeinander ausgerichtet werden. Die verschiedenen Praxen sind dabei mit bestimmten Formaten jeweils besonders verbunden. Das Konzept des Formats verdeutlicht dabei die verschiedenen Arten und Weisen in denen ein Modell in alltäglichen Praxen hervorgebracht wird: als Gleichungen und Computercode, als Visualisierung, Plot, Text, oder mentales Modell. Dabei trägt jedes Format etwas Eigenes zu dem Modell bei, in einer Art des produktiven nicht-ausgerichtet Seins. Schließlich werden den Modellen zugrunde liegende epistemologische und ontologische Annahmen über „das Soziale“, „das Natürliche“ und „das Hybride“ als separaten Sphären problematisiert – ein nötiger Schritt, um die drängenden hybriden, sozio-ökologischen Prozessen des Anthropozäns zu verstehen. Mit Bezug auf eine „Bayessche Anthropologie“ (Kockelman) wird versuchsweise eine alternative Rahmung dieser ontologischen Annahmen und der aus ihnen folgenden Probleme des Schlussfolgerns vorgeschlagen.
    Abstract: This thesis builds on exploratory ethnographic research with an interdisciplinary research group that constructed mathematical models and computer simulations of complex socio-ecological transformations. In giving a detailed and empirically grounded account of modelling practices in a specific setting this work develops a basic understanding of modelling practices from the perspective of social anthropology and Science and Technology Studies. It operationalizes several concepts such as bifurcation, degree of irreversibility and alignment. Theoretical discussions concern collectivity in scientific practice, epistemology of computer simulations, materiality in experiments, laboratory studies and ontology. Building and running models can be described as a process of iteratively and continuously aligning model formats through material-semiotic practices of simplification, experimentation and visualization. These practices are each related to some model formats more than to others. The notion of “format” captures the different ways in which “the model” appears in everyday practices: as equations and code, but also as visualizations, plots of model output, descriptive text in a paper and as mental models. In a productive misalignment, each format contributes something particular to the model. Finally, this work problematizes underlying epistemological and ontological assumptions about “the social”, “the natural” and “the hybrid” as separate spheres, which is necessary in order to come to terms with hybrid, socio-ecological processes as they become more and more pressing in the Anthropocene. With reference to “Bayesian Anthropology” (Kockelman) it tentatively suggests an alternative framing of these ontological assumptions and the resulting problems of inference.
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  • 59
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Journal of intercultural studies 39,2018,5, Seiten 527-542
    ISSN: 0725-6868 , 0725-6868
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of intercultural studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: 39,2018,5, Seiten 527-542
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Cultural precarity ; Brexit ; vulnerability ; anti-immigrant populism ; migration ; whiteness ; positionalities ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Internationale Migration, Kolonisation
    Abstract: The Brexit referendum was an earthquake to those in otherwise privileged positions: white intra-European migrants. Poles form the largest among these groups in the UK. As much as they are vulnerable to discrimination as non-British citizens, these migrants benefit from their whiteness and European heritage. They are objects of anti-immigrant campaigns, but they are not free of anti-immigrant sentiments and racist attitudes. This article uses the notion of ‘cultural precarity’ to highlight their ambivalent positionalities in Britain and how those have been changing since the Brexit vote. Drawing on three studies conducted among Poles in England between 2010 and 2017, it explores how the neoliberal and culturalist logics of belonging determine the migrants’ conditions. By applying the lens of ‘cultural precarity’, the article is attentive to both to the migrants’ vulnerability and the moments of everyday resistance to anti-immigrant populism now at work across Europe. The Brexit case is instructive for other contexts for it demonstrates how migrants construct their own cultural and racial proximity to dominant groups to counter vulnerability and secure inclusion.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 60
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Bericht ; Voluntary Departure Policy ; Externalization Policy ; Israel ; Rwanda ; Forced migration journeys ; Netherlands ; Eritreans ; Libya ; Mediterranean Sea ; אירופה ; מדיניות עזיבה מרצון ; פליטים ; אריתראים ; רואנדה ; גרמניה ; הולנד ; לוב ; מסעות פליטות ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This report is based on interviews conducted with Eritrean refugees who left Israel under the “Voluntary Departure” program to Rwanda and Uganda. There – in contrast to the promises made to them by the State of Israel – they were not granted protection, forcing them to embark on a dangerous journey ending in Europe. This report focuses on the “Voluntary Departure” policy and how it affected the lives of those who left Israel under it. This policy has been implemented since late 2013 vis-à-vis Eritrean and Sudanese residing in Israel. In January 2018, shortly before the publication of this report, the State of Israel announced an escalation of the measures it implements against this population; one such measure is a plan to forcibly deport asylum-seekers to a third country, i.e., not their homeland. The report is based on a qualitative research made up of 19 interviews with Eritrean refugees who left Israel between 2014-2016. 11 interviews were conducted in Germany and eight in the Netherlands, the countries of residence of the interviewees, in which the overwhelming majority received refugee status. An analysis of their responses shows a similar pattern: promises made by the Israeli government, both in court and to those departing, about what awaits them after their arrival to Rwanda and Uganda, went unfulfilled. Instead of being granted access to a process of applying for asylum or work permits, the deportees, upon landing, were placed in a precarious situation: the travel document they received in Israel, the only identifying document in their possession, was taken away from them. They were transferred to a hotel guarded by an armed sentry and prevented, under threat, from leaving the hotel. None of them were given the opportunity to apply for asylum.
    Abstract: Lacking identifying documentation, exposed to robberies, threats and arrest, they were forced to embark on a dangerous journey that included passing through South Sudan, Sudan and Libya in search of safety. Throughout the journey, the refugees were subjected to human trafficking, incarceration, the threat of forcible deportation to Eritrea, harsh conditions of starvation, violence, slavery in torture camps in Libya and a dangerous crossing of the Mediterranean Sea from Libya to Europe. The interviewees described a perilous journey permeated with an all-encompassing fear of death: many witnessed the death of fellow travelers during the crossing of the Sahara Desert, in the torture camps in Libya and as they drowned in the Mediterranean Sea. Among the dead were others who had who left Israel “voluntarily.” This conclusion is in congruence with findings of previous reports published by Israeli and international NGOs that collected testimonies in African countries of those who “voluntarily” departed Israel. These testimonies were recently buttressed by a statement of the United Nations High Commissioner on Refugees (UNHCR) about dozens of similar testimonies the agency collected in Italy. Taken together, several hundreds of testimonies have been collected. Thus, the report confirms that the alarming patterns documented by previous reports have not changed. In addition, this report, for the first time, details additional stages in the journey of those who departed. Little information was available about these legs of the journey – and especially about what the interviewees experienced in Libya and during their crossing of the Mediterranean Sea– until their arrival in Europe
    Abstract: דו"ח מחקר זה מבוסס על ראיונות שנערכו עם פליטים אריתריאים אשר עזבו את ישראל במסגרת תכנית העזיבה "מרצון" לרואנדה ולאוגנדה. שם - בניגוד להבטחות שניתנו להם על ידי מדינת ישראל - לא זכו להגנה ונאלצו לצאת למסע רווי סכנות, שהסתיים באירופה. הרקע לדו"ח היא מדיניות "העזיבה מרצון" והוא עוסק בהשלכותיה על העוזבים. מדיניות זו מופעלת החל מסוף שנת 2013 כלפי מבקשי מקלט אריתריאים וסודנים החיים בישראל, אולם בינואר ,2018 זמן קצר לפני מועד פרסומו של דו"ח זה, הודיעה מדינת ישראל על החרפת צעדיה כלפי אוכלוסייה זו, החרפה הכוללת גם כוונה לגרשם בכפייה משטחה למדינה שלישית. מסקנות דו"ח זה ברורות: לא רק שההבטחות שניתנו לעוזבים "מרצון" אינן מתקיימות, אלא גם יישומו של "נוהל ההרחקה למדינות שלישיות" הוא בחזקת סכנה ממשית לשלומם הנפשי, לביטחונם ולחייהם של גברים, נשים וילדים, וכבר גבה את חייהם של מספר לא ידוע של בני אדם. העדויות המובאות בדו"ח זה הן קריאה לעצירתה של מדיניות הגירוש המתוכננת ולהסדרת מעמדם של מבקשי המקלט החיים בישראל.
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.) ,2018, Seiten 85-89
    ISBN: 978-3-86004-332-5 , 978-3-86004-332-5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.)
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2018, Seiten 85-89
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Provenienz ; koloniale Provenienz ; Provenienzforschung ; ethnografische/ethnologische Sammlungen ; ethnologische Museen ; Sammlungsgeschichte ; Kolonialismus ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: The Reciprocal Research Network (RRN – rrncommunity.org) is an online research tool allowing users to connect with Northwest Coast cultural heritage in multiple museum collections. It was built in order to facilitate reciprocal, collaborative research between and across researchers, originating community members, artists, and museum professionals.
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.) ,2018, Seiten 91-101
    ISBN: 978-3-86004-332-5 , 978-3-86004-332-5
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Provenienzforschung zu ethnografischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit. Positionen in der aktuellen Debatte : Tagung »Provenienzforschung in ethnologischen Sammlungen der Kolonialzeit«, Museum Fünf Kontinente, München, 7./8. April 2017 / Larissa Förster, Iris Edenheiser, Sarah Fründt, Heike Hartmann (Hrsg.)
    Angaben zur Quelle: ,2018, Seiten 91-101
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Provenienz ; koloniale Provenienz ; Provenienzforschung ; ethnografische/ethnologische Sammlungen ; ethnologische Museen ; Sammlungsgeschichte ; Kolonialismus ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: What are the potential benefits of digital networks and databases that collect information from different sources – and what are their disadvantages? My contribution details the Research Reciprocal Network (RRN) and its approach to sourcing object provenance. The RRN is a collaborative online database created by the Museum of Anthropology (MOA) in Vancouver, Canada, through the »A Partnership of Peoples« project. The U’mista Cultural Centre is one of four co-developers of this groundbreaking online database. Focused on Northwest Coast museum collections, this research website supports the exchange of information from traditional knowledge keepers and academics alike. Users can share information, create discussions, collaboratively write documents, or upload files regarding specific objects from any particular partner holding institute. This unique platform facilitates collaboration and creates easy access to information to a greater audience, benefiting museum collections and the artefacts’ communities of origin. Provenance is especially important when speaking about collections of the Pacific Northwest Coast of British Columbia; mainly because of the way many of these artefacts have been taken and dispersed around the world. The RRN is a great way to learn multiple histories of objects from many contributors, but what are the pros and cons of this platform?
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  • 63
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Social Inclusion 6,2018,1, Seiten 166-175
    ISSN: 2183-2803 , 2183-2803
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Social Inclusion
    Publ. der Quelle: Lisbon : Cogitatio Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: 6,2018,1, Seiten 166-175
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: autonomy of migration ; border regime ; differential inclusion ; migrant labour ; migration management ; migrant struggles ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: In this article, I trace struggles regarding EU internal mobility and migrant labour as they emerge in the mobilization of South European migrants in Berlin. The effects of the 2007–2008 financial crisis and European austerity politics have reoriented migration flows within the EU, increasing South-to-North migration with Germany as a prime destination. German public discourse on the matter reveals a view on (EU) migration that focuses on its economic ‘usefulness’ and tries to regulate it accordingly. EU citizenship turns out to be a key instrument of such EU internal ‘migration management’. The emergence of migrant activist groups, however, hints at another force at play. In their fight for social rights and better working conditions, migrant activists show they will not allow themselves to be easily ‘managed’ into precarious ‘productivity’. Against this background, I argue that EU internal mobility is a field of struggle where attempts to control migrant labour clash with moments of autonomy and resistance. My aim is to explore this field from a migration perspective, analysing rationales of EU ‘migration management’ and their impact on migrants’ lives as well as investigating the strategies that migrants develop in response. Based on an analysis of EU legislation and interviews with Italian activists in Berlin, I trace conflicts around EU internal mobility and migrant labour. Against the background of critical migration studies, I analyse EU internal ‘migration management’, especially regarding the role of EU citizenship. Then, I look at EU migrant struggles in Berlin through the lens of autonomy of migration, drawing on the example of the Italian activist group Berlin Migrant Strikers.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: Nachgenutzt gemäß den CC-Bestimmungen des Lizenzgebers bzw. einer im Dokument selbst enthaltenen CC-Lizenz.
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  • 64
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Geoforum 89,2018, Seiten 96-106
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Geoforum
    Publ. der Quelle: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
    Angaben zur Quelle: 89,2018, Seiten 96-106
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Rainwater harvesting ; sociotechnical imaginaries ; urban infrastructure ; Berlin ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Studies of rainwater harvesting regularly highlight the rich diversity of technologies used to collect, treat and reuse rainwater in cities, but rarely devote attention to the equally diverse visions that drive rainwater harvesting projects. To rectify this omission this paper presents research from a city – Berlin – which has a long pedigree of rainwater harvesting that has given rise, over the past 30 years, to an astonishingly varied range of schemes. From a database of over 250 rainwater harvesting projects we select, analyse and compare three case studies which encapsulate three distinct project types prevalent in the city: public, grassroots and commercial. The paper demonstrates the nature of diversity between the three and illustrates how diverse logics of rainwater harvesting co-exist within one city. More significantly, it shows how each scheme reflects a particular imaginary of why urban rainwater should be harvested, how and for whom, and how these imaginaries have emerged out of particular institutional and infrastructural contexts in the course of Berlin’s post-reunification development. These empirical findings are interpreted using STS concepts relating to sociotechnical imaginaries, urban infrastructures in transition and institutional obduracy and change.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: First published as: Natàlia García Soler, Timothy Moss, Ourania Papasozomenou, Rain and the city: Pathways to mainstreaming rainwater harvesting in Berlin, Geoforum, Volume 89, 2018, pp. 96-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.01.010 This accepted manuscript version of the article stated above is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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  • 65
    ISSN: 2183-2803 , 2183-2803
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Social Inclusion
    Publ. der Quelle: Lisbon : Cogitatio Press
    Angaben zur Quelle: 6,2018,3
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: differential inclusion ; Germany ; humanitarian reception ; integration ; refugee management ; Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: A high number of legal changes accompanied the increase of people seeking asylum in Germany throughout the 18th legislative period from 2013–2017. These changes have transformed the field of humanitarian reception in Germany, especially along the axes of citizenship, integration performance and deviation from administrative and legal rules. Half of the legal measures from this period have led to differential rights for different groups of asylum seekers according to one of these three axes. The axis of citizenship has also structured the development of administrative procedures referred to as “integrated refugee management” which was established to speed up asylum seeking processes, classifying persons applying for a humanitarian residence visa in Germany into four clusters. This categorization, too, led to different entitlements regarding the admittance to state-financed German courses and integration measures focussed on education and the labour market. In this article I employ the notion of differential inclusion (Mezzadra & Neilson, 2012) to analyse these legal and administrative changes. I show that they have reshaped the substructures impacting the lives of those categorized as “genuine” and “illegitimate” refugees and thus redrawn the boundaries and created hierarchies among those seeking humanitarian protection in Germany.
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  • 66
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Ethnic and racial studies 42,2018,10, Seiten 1766-1787
    ISSN: 1466-4356 , 1466-4356
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Ethnic and racial studies
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Routledge
    Angaben zur Quelle: 42,2018,10, Seiten 1766-1787
    DDC: 307
    Keywords: Migrant economies ; urban development ; medium-sized cities ; rescaling ; local opportunity structures ; metropolis ; Gemeinschaften
    Abstract: In this paper we wish to appraise how opportunities for migrant economies and their role in urban development may differ among various city types. The article contributes to the debate about the relationship of migrant economies and urban development and takes up two perspectives: it examines local opportunity structures for migrant entrepreneurs and sheds light on migrant economies’ potential for urban development. To address the many interrelated historical and contemporary processes in cities that influence migrant economies, we adopt the rescaling and the mixed embeddedness approaches. Studies on the role of migrant economies in urban development have predominantly focused on metropolises. Based on mixed-methods case studies in two medium-sized German cities, we ask how different city types influence the opportunities and potential of migrant economies for urban development.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 67
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Journal of Urban Affairs 40,2018,8, Seiten 1182-1183
    ISSN: 1467-9906 , 1467-9906
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of Urban Affairs
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
    Angaben zur Quelle: 40,2018,8, Seiten 1182-1183
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Rezension ; Soziologie, Anthropologie
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  • 68
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2018
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Lebensverlauf ; Komplexität ; Sequenzanalyse ; Familie ; Soziologie ; Life Course ; Complexity ; Sequence Analysis ; Family ; Sociology ; Soziologie, Anthropologie ; Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Diese Dissertation beschäftigt sich mit der Komplexität von Familienverläufen und beinhaltet vier empirische Studien. Die erste Studie untersucht, ob sich Familienverläufe in Geburtskohorten und Ländern unterscheiden, und ob sie mehr über die Zeit oder die Länder hinweg variieren. Anhand der SHARELIFE Daten wird ein Verfahren entwickelt, indem Komplexitätsmaße aus der Sequenzanalyse mit der Mehrebenenmodellierung zusammengeführt werden. Die zweite Studie untersucht, ebenfalls auf Basis der SHARELIFE Daten, folgende Fragen: Wie hängen Familienpolitik und -komplexität zusammen, und wird dieser Zusammenhang durch den Zeitpunkt des Eintreffens der jeweiligen Familienpolitik im Lebensverlauf moderiert? Um den Zusammenhang zwischen Familisierungs-, Defamilisierungs-, und Liberalisierungsindezes und Komplexität zu schätzen, werden weitere Datenquellen herangezogen. Die Zusammenhänge zwischen den Indizes und Komplexität werden mit Länder- und Kohorten Fixed-Effects geschätzt. Das dritte Kapitel untersucht auf Basis der NLSY79 und NLSY97 Daten den Zusammenhang zwischen elterlichen Ressourcen und Komplexität im jungen Erwachsenenalter, und ob sich dieser über Kohorten hinweg verändert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Komplexität eher bei jungen Erwachsenen aus benachteiligten Familien angestiegen ist. Das vierte Kapitel verwendet Lebensverlaufs- und genetische Daten aus den USA (HRS) und ermittelt die Erblichkeit von Komplexität mittels GCTA. Es wird geschlussfolgert, dass die Zunahme von Komplexität, auch in den USA, relativ gering ist und Länderunterschiede viel bedeutsamer sind. Nicht kulturelle Veränderungen, sondern zunehmende ökonomische Unsicherheit und sozialpolitische Institutionen scheinen die wichtigsten Faktoren für kohorten- und länderspezifische Komplexitätsunterschiede zu sein. Abschließend lässt sich festhalten, dass genetische Faktoren die Komplexität ebenfalls beeinflussen und ihre Berücksichtigung die Vorhersagekraft von statistischen Modellen erhöhen kann.
    Abstract: This dissertation on family life course complexity revolves around four empirical studies. The first chapter investigates how family life courses vary across birth cohorts, how family life courses vary across countries, and whether family life courses vary more across birth cohorts or across countries. This study uses SHARELIFE and combines sequence complexity metrics with cross-classified multilevel modeling to quantify the proportion of variance attributable to cohort and country differences. The second chapter also uses SHARELIFE to address two research questions: what is the association between family policies and complexity and does the timing of family policies within the life course moderate this association? Data sources are combined to estimate the relationships between three family policy dimensions - familization, defamilization, and liberalization - and complexity. The associations between my policy indexes and complexity are estimated using country and time fixed effects regression models. The third chapter asks what is the association between parental resources and the early family life course complexity and has the association between parental resources and complexity changed across birth cohorts. NLSY79 and NLSY97 data show that complexity is higher among disadvantaged young adults. The fourth chapter applies life history and genetic data from the HRS to a GCTA to study the heritability of complexity. It is concluded that the increase in complexity, even in the United States, is relatively small and cross-national variation seems to be much more important. Rather than ideational change, increasing economic uncertainty and differences in national institutional arrangements are the most important factors for cross-national and cross-cohort differences in complexity. Finally, genetic factors matter for the complexity of individuals’ family life courses and could likely contribute to the predictive power of future statistical models.
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  • 69
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: New York (NY) : Taylor & Francis
    Angaben zur Quelle: 26,2, Seiten 310-323
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: longitudinal autoregressive models ; individual diagnostics ; individual scores (factor scores, sum score) ; Kalman filter ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Much effort has been made to develop models for longitudinal data analysis, but comparably less attention has been paid to the use of individual specific values on latent variables in longitudinal models. In a tutorial style, this article introduces the reader to four common approaches to obtain individual scores – individual mean score, Bartlett method, regression method, Kalman filter – and reviews criteria commonly used to evaluate their performance. By means of simulated data, we mimic realistic scenarios and investigate in how far analytic results on the asymptotic performance of individual scores translate into practical situations. We end this article with a discussion of the use and usefulness of individual scores.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 70
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  16,2, Seiten 138-156
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Leicester : University of Leicester
    Angaben zur Quelle: 16,2, Seiten 138-156
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: ethnography ; museum ; methodology ; organization ; organigram ; Berlin ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Museumswissenschaft (Museologie)
    Abstract: This article addresses the question of how to go beyond the conceptualisation of museums as islands in museum ethnography without losing the ethnographic depth and insights that such research can provide. Discussing existing ethnographic research in museums, the ethnographic turn in organization studies, and methodological innovation that seeks to go beyond bounded locations in anthropology, we offer a new museum methodology that retains ethnography’s capacity to grasp the often overlooked workings of organizational life – such as the informal relations, uncodified activities, chance events and feelings – while also avoiding ‘methodological containerism’, that is, the taking of the museum as an organization for granted. We then present a project design for a multi-sited, multi-linked, multi-researcher ethnography to respond to this; together with its specific realisation as the Making Differences project currently underway on Berlin’s Museum Island. Drawing on three sub-projects of this large ethnography – concerned with exhibition-making in the Museum of Islamic Art, in the Ethnological Museum in preparation for the Humboldt Forum (a high profile and contested cultural development due to open in 2019) and a new exhibition about Berlin, also for the Humboldt Forum – we highlight the importance of what happens beyond the ‘container,’ the discretion of what we even take to be the ‘container’, and how ‘organization-ness’ of various kinds is ‘done’ or ‘achieved’. We do this in part through an analysis of organigrams at play in our research fields, showing what these variously reveal, hide and suggest. Understanding museums, and organizations more generally, in this way, we argue, brings insight both to some of the specific developments that we are analysing as well as to museum and organization studies more widely.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 71
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  17,6, Seiten 704-737
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (34 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Leiden : Brill
    Angaben zur Quelle: 17,6, Seiten 704-737
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: political participation ; protest ; political socialization ; democratization ; Eastern Germany ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: How is the protest behavior of citizens in new democracies influenced by their experience of the past? Certain theories of political socialization hold that cohorts reaching political maturity under dictatorship are subject to apathy. Yet, it remains unclear whether mobilization during the transition can counterbalance this effect. This article examines the protest behavior of citizens socialized in Eastern Germany, a region marked by two legacies: a legacy of autocracy and, following the 1989-90 revolution, a legacy of transitional mobilization. Using age-period-cohort models with data from the European Social Survey, the analysis assesses the evolution of gaps in protest across generations and time between East and West Germans. The results demonstrate that participation in demonstrations, petitions, and boycotts is lower for East Germans socialized under communism in comparison with West Germans from the same cohorts. This participation deficit remains stable over time and even increases for certain protest activities.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 72
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  3,2, Seiten 215-240
    ISSN: 0044-3700 , 0044-3700
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (27 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Münster : Waxmann
    Angaben zur Quelle: 3,2, Seiten 215-240
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: Ethnography ; research data management ; data policies ; data archiving ; secondary use of research data ; scientific history of cultural anthropology ; Bräuche, Etikette, Folklore
    Abstract: ‘Research data management’ is booming. Urgently demanded and driven by such diverse actors as research funding institutions, who are interested in quality control and the efficient use of data, or the ‘Open’ movements, who advocate free access to knowledge, ethnologists and cultural anthropologists meet this topic with reluctance and often with skepticism. Rightly so, on the one hand, since the archiving of data and, above all, the intended reuse of data by third parties raise a number of practical, legal and ethical questions. On the other hand, the question of how digital data can be organized and especially permanently preserved and used is virulent also in the ethnological disciplines. In any case, the debate on the subject is urgent because overarching regulatory processes have long since been set in motion. This contribution discusses different aspects of the debate on data management and sketches problem areas, open questions and opportunities which can arise for the ethnological disciplines. Not least, the changing conditions of knowledge production and circulation which occur alongside the establishment of digital techniques and technologies require historical contextualization. Therefore, this contribution also attempts a discipline-specific historical categorization.
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  • 73
    ISSN: 1469-9729 , 1469-9729
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London [u.a.] : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2020
    Angaben zur Quelle: 26,2, Seiten 1-16
    DDC: 070
    Keywords: Spain ; twentieth century ; television news ; immigration ; Switzerland ; democratization ; Dokumentarische Medien, publizistische Medien, Unterrichtsmedien; Journalismus; Verlagswesen ; Das Sozialverhalten beeinflussende Faktoren
    Abstract: Tele-revista was a biweekly Swiss television broadcast for Spanish immigrants living in Switzerland. It dealt with labour and migration-related issues in Switzerland, information about Spanish cultural manifestations, political rights and interviews with committed immigrants and key figures of Spanish politics in transit on Swiss soil. First aired in 1973, in the final years of General Franco’s authoritarian regime, the TV magazine, initially broadcast on the three Swiss TV channels, is an unique source of the Spanish transition to democracy, seen through the eyes of Swiss TV-makers with the collaboration of some Spanish journalists. Tele-revista was aimed for a better integration of Spaniards within Swiss society, who were considered worse integrated than the Italians. The paper pursues to present a general portrayal of the broadcast with a special attention to the years of the Spanish transition to democracy by means of focussing on the information about social, cultural and political issues.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 74
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  18,1, Seiten 59-80
    ISSN: 1463-4996 , 1463-4996
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 18,1, Seiten 59-80
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: hope as practice ; hoping ; material-semiotics ; peri-urban Ouagadougou ; Burkina Faso ; ethnography ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Soziale Prozesse ; Geografie Afrikas und Reisen in Afrika
    Abstract: Hope is much discussed as a future-oriented affect emerging from uncertain living conditions. While this conceptualisation illuminates the role that hope plays in shaping life trajectories, hope itself remains largely unaddressed. In this paper, we approach hope ethnographically as practice through the lens of material-semiotics. We draw on fieldwork in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, where hoping turns out to be co-constitutive of peri-urban life and landscape. We challenge person-centred understandings of hope in order to bring materiality back in two ways: first, hoping in its various modes and forms is always situated in particular settings, thus, its enactment has to be reflected; and second, hoping “takes place”, co-constitutive of the transformation of urban life. Additionally, we consider the temporality of hoping and highlight how hoping persists through urban space. We conclude that a more profound and thoroughly materialised understanding of hoping’s generative and stabilising potential may strengthen the role of anthropology in current research on socio-ecological transformations.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: published first as (erstmalig folgendermaßen erschienen): Janine Hauer, Jonas Østergaard Nielsen and Jörg Niewöhner: “Landscapes of Hoping. Urban Expansion and Emerging Futures in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso”. In: Anthropological Theory 18.1 (2018), pages 59–80. DOI: 10.1177/1463499617747176.
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  • 75
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (380 Seiten)
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften ; Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Politikwissenschaft (Politik und Regierung) ; Geografie und Reisen
    Abstract: This collection brings together a variety of anthropological, historical and sociological case studies from Central Asia and the Caucasus to examine the concept of translocality. The chapters scrutinize the capacity of translocality to describe, in new ways, the multiple mobilities, exchange practices and globalizing processes that link places, people and institutions in Central Asia and the Caucasus with others in Russia, China and the United Arab Emirates. Illuminating translocality as a productive concept for studying cross‐regional connectivities and networks, this volume is an important contribution to a lively field of academic discourse. Following new directions in Area Studies, the chapters aim to overcome ‘territorial containers’ such as the nation‐state or local community, and instead emphasize the significance of processes of translation and negotiation for understanding how meaningful localities emerge beyond conventional boundaries. Structured by the four themes ‘crossing boundaries’, ‘travelling ideas’, ‘social and economic movements’ and ‘pious endeavours’, this volume proposes three conceptual approaches to translocality: firstly, to trace how it is embodied, narrated, virtualized or institutionalized within or in reference to physical or imagined localities; secondly, to understand locality as a relational concept rather than a geographically bounded unit; and thirdly, to consider cross‐border traders, travelling students, business people and refugees as examples of non-elite mobilities that provide alternative ways to think about what ‘global’ means today. Mobilities, Boundaries, and Travelling Ideas will be of interest to students and scholars of the anthropology, history and sociology of Central Asia and the Caucasus, as well as for those interested in new approaches to Area Studies.
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  • 76
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  , Seiten 641-662
    ISBN: 978-1-137-52879-7 , 978-1-137-52879-7
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (27 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Palgrave Macmillan
    Angaben zur Quelle: , Seiten 641-662
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: We outline four perspectives on the body that have emerged from ethnographic research on (bio)medicine. We describe these with particular attention to the way they relate ‘nature’ and ‘culture.’ All four approaches engage the human body through ‘culture’ as meaning or practice. The material body is either implicitly treated as universal or particularized through discourse, experience or practice. Trying to stake out a middle ground between material universality and cultural particularity, we discuss the potential within these approaches for an anthropological engagement with the evolution of human bodies over time. In concluding, we use the case of the entanglement of mental illness and urban environments to underscore four modes of engaging the situated body-in-action through long-term, co-laborative ethnographic research.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: Final version published as: Patrick Bieler, Jörg Niewöhner: “Universal Biology, Local Society? Notes from Anthropology”. In: The Palgrave Handbook of Biology and Society. Edited by Maurizio Meloni, John Cromby, Des Fitzgerald, Stephanie Lloyd. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2018, pages 641–662. DOI: 10.1057/978-1-137-52879-7_27
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  • 77
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (13 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Bristol : IOP Publ., 2018
    Angaben zur Quelle: 13,12
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: drug policy ; marijuana ; environmental protection ; endangered species ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: On agricultural frontiers, minimal regulation and potential windfall profits drive opportunistic land use that often results in environmental damage. Cannabis, an increasingly decriminalized agricultural commodity in many places throughout the world, may now be creating new agricultural frontiers. We examined how cannabis frontiers have boomed in northern California, one of the United States' leading production areas. From 2012–2016 cannabis farms increased in number by 58%, cannabis plants increased by 183%, and the total area under cultivation increased by 91%. Growth in number of sites (80%), as well as in site size (56% per site) contributed to the observed expansion. Cannabis expansion took place in areas of high environmental sensitivity, including 80%–116% increases in cultivation sites near high-quality habitat for threatened and endangered salmonid fish species. Production increased by 40% on steep slopes, sites more than doubled near public lands, and increased by 44% in remote locations far from paved roads. Cannabis farm abandonment was modest, and driven primarily by farm size, not location within sensitive environments. To address policy and institutions for environmental protection, we examined state budget allocations for cannabis regulatory programs. These increased six-fold between 2012–2016 but remained very low relative to other regulatory programs. Production may expand on frontiers elsewhere in the world, and our results warn that without careful policy and institutional development these frontiers may pose environmental threats, even in locations with otherwise robust environmental laws and regulatory institutions.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 78
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  21,3, Seiten 413-431
    ISSN: 1559-3169 , 1559-3169
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2018
    Angaben zur Quelle: 21,3, Seiten 413-431
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This article discusses the provision of public services (public utilities) and personal social services in European countries. In pursuing a historical perspective, four stages are discerned: the pre-welfare state of the late nineteenth century; the advanced welfare state climaxing in the 1970s; the neo-liberal policy phase since the early 1980s; and the recent phase since the mid-2000s. It is argued that, during each phase, the prevalent organizational form of service provision (whether municipal/public, private, or third sector) was shaped by the current dominant political beliefs and discourse; that is, by the “social democratic” assumption of the operational preference of public/municipal sector provision until the 1970s and the neo-liberal trust in the operational superiority of market liberalization and privatization. In the recent phase since the mid-2000s, divergent trends are observed. On the one hand, the neo-liberal market and privatization drive has persisted while, on the other, in reaction to the downturn of the neo-liberal policy tenets and the socio-economic fallout of fiscal austerity policies, a comeback of the public/municipal sector (remunicipalization) in public service provision and a (re-)emergence of third sector organizations and actors in the provision of personal social services and care have taken shape, somewhat reminiscent of the pre-welfare state engagement of societal actors.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 79
    ISSN: 1660-4601 , 1660-4601
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Basel : MDPI AG
    Angaben zur Quelle: 15,10
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: advanced sentiment analysis ; digital epidemiology ; geographic information system ; geo-social media ; hotspots ; post-disaster mental health ; psychogeography ; spatial epidemiology ; spatial regimes regression ; Twitter data ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: Disasters have substantial consequences for population mental health. We used Twitter to (1) extract negative emotions indicating discomfort in New York City (NYC) before, during, and after Superstorm Sandy in 2012. We further aimed to (2) identify whether pre- or peri-disaster discomfort were associated with peri- or post-disaster discomfort, respectively, and to (3) assess geographic variation in discomfort across NYC census tracts over time. Our sample consisted of 1,018,140 geo-located tweets that were analyzed with an advanced sentiment analysis called ”Extracting the Meaning Of Terse Information in a Visualization of Emotion” (EMOTIVE). We calculated discomfort rates for 2137 NYC census tracts, applied spatial regimes regression to find associations of discomfort, and used Moran’s I for spatial cluster detection across NYC boroughs over time. We found increased discomfort, that is, bundled negative emotions after the storm as compared to during the storm. Furthermore, pre- and peri-disaster discomfort was positively associated with post-disaster discomfort; however, this association was different across boroughs, with significant associations only in Manhattan, the Bronx, and Queens. In addition, rates were most prominently spatially clustered in Staten Island lasting pre- to post-disaster. This is the first study that determined significant associations of negative emotional responses found in social media posts over space and time in the context of a natural disaster, which may guide us in identifying those areas and populations mostly in need for care.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
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  • 80
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2018
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Verdrängung ; städtische Arme ; globaler Süden ; soziale Ungleichheit ; Charles Tilly ; Wohnen ; Displacement ; urban poor ; global South ; social inequality ; Charles Tilly ; Housing ; Soziologie, Anthropologie ; Hochschulschrift
    Abstract: Wie gehen die städtischen Armen mit Wohnraumverdrängung um? Welche Strategien entwickeln sie? Und welche Elemente bestimmen, welche Strategien die städtischen Armen einsetzen? Um diese Fragen zu beantworten, entpacke ich die Idee von ‚Strategien zur Bewältigung von Bedrohung durch Verdrängung‘, um zu soziologischen Konzeptualisierungen eben dieser Strategien zu gelangen. Dazu nutze ich einige der Konzepte in Bourdieus [1986] Kapitalbegriff sowie die Anwendung von Tillys [1999] Theorie der dauerhaften Ungleichheit als Rahmenkonzept. Empirisch identifiziere und analysiere ich die Anti-Verdrängungs-Strategien der städtischen Armen in den komplexen Wohnsituationen von São Paulo und Istanbul. Der Analyse zufolge wirken sich die ermittelten Strategien zur Vermeidung von Verdrängung oder zur Verbesserung der Wohnsituation langfristig auf die Betroffenen oder den Wohnungsmarkt nicht positiv aus. Im zweiten Schritt der Analyse argumentiere ich, dass die Mehrheit der Strategien mit den Ursachen und Verstärkungsmechanismen der dauerhaften Ungleichheiten übereinstimmt, welche Tilly identifiziert hat. Dadurch entsteht, wie ich in der Arbeit darlege, zwangsläufig der Prozess der andauernden Wohnungsungleichheit, der trotz der Bemühungen der städtischen Armen wenig Aussicht auf Veränderung zeigt. Das heißt nicht, dass die städtischen Armen keine Kämpfe gewonnen haben oder dass sich nicht individuell ihre Situationen verbessert haben, sondern, dass das größere Bild der Ungleichheiten in der Wohnungswirtschaft wenig erfolgsversprechend ist. Selbst wenn einige Menschen beispielsweise Vermögenswerte in Form von ökonomischem Kapital schaffen, scheinen die städtischen Armen dem zukünftigen Verdrängungsdruck nicht zu entkommen. Obwohl die Anti-Verdrängungs-Strategien somit den Verdrängungsdruck teilweise vorübergehend mildern können, untergraben die dauerhaften Ungleichheiten auf dem Wohnungsmarkt eine substanzielle und nachhaltige Veränderung im Interesse der städtischen Armen.
    Abstract: How do the urban poor cope with housing displacement? What kinds of strategies do the urban poor develop? And what elements shape which strategies they deploy? To answer these questions, I unpack the idea of strategies for “coping” with the threat or uncertainty of displacement to arrive at sociological conceptualizations of these strategies – ones anchored in Bourdieu’s [1986] concept of capital as well as the application of Tilly’s [1999] theory of durable inequalities to housing. Empirically, I identify and analyze the anti-displacement strategies of the urban poor within the complex housing contexts of São Paulo and Istanbul by breaking down the housing market into sub-housing markets (housing forms) as they are used by the urban poor in each local context. Combining existing analytic frameworks with my original data, I also speculate about the effects of the identified strategies for the urban poor in terms of durable housing inequalities. According to the analysis, the identified strategies to avoid displacement or improve housing are not positively impacting the urban poor or the housing environment in the long run. To account for this, in the second step of the analysis I argue that the majority of strategies align with the causes and reinforcement mechanisms of durable inequalities that Tilly identified. This is not to say no battles have been won or that no individual situations have improved, but to say that the larger picture of housing inequalities warrants little optimism. Even when some new housing forms create assets in form of economic capital (e.g., land titles), the urban poor don’t seem to escape future displacement pressures. Therefore, although the anti-displacement strategies may temporarily ease displacement pressure, the durable inequalities of the housing market undermine substantial and sustainable change in the interest of the urban poor.
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  • 81
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (230 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2016
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; ethnische Gruppen ; Staatsbürgerschaft ; Kolonialität ; Nationalstaat ; ethnic groups ; citizenship ; coloniality ; nation-state ; Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Diese Dissertation befasst sich mit dem oft vernachlässigten Problem ethnischer Gruppen, die eine Delegitimierung ihrer Staatsbürgerschaft erfahren haben. Sie gelten nicht als „richtige“ Staatsbürger eines Nationalstaates, da sie nicht der ethnischen Definition der Nation entsprechen. Staatsbürgerschaft entsteht im Zuge der Bildung von Nationalstaaten in einem modernen Weltsystem, das nach wie vor kolonial geprägt ist. Die Legitimität dieser globalen kolonialen Idee des Nationalstaates basierte auf dem kulturellen Konzept einer Nation; der Illusion einer homogenen gemeinsamen Vergangenheit, gemeinsamer Gebräuche und einer gemeinsamen Sprache, in der Unterschiede unterdrückt werden. Auf diesem Modell basiert die Idee eines legitimen Bürgers. Illegitime Staatsbürgerschaft ist eine andere Art und Weise, eine koloniale Staatsbürgerschaft zu benennen, die in ein eurozentrisches, patriarchalisch/weiß und christlich zentriertes Weltsystem eingebettet ist. Staatsbürgerschaft ist ein Konzept, das sich auf Individuen bezieht. Durch Rassializierung und Ethnisierung wird dem Mensch seine Individualität genommen. Der rassifizierte -illegitime Bürger wird stets als Teil einer Gruppe beschrieben; die "Einwanderer", die "Muslime", die "Indigenen", die "Inder des Nordostens". Sie werden nie als autonomes individuelles Subjekt beschrieben. Diese Individualität ist den weißen europäischen oder europäischen Nachkommen vorbehalten und wird als "weißes Privileg" bezeichnet. Diese Dissertation beschreibt, wie ähnlich die illegitime Staatsbürgerschaft in zwei unterschiedlichen Ländern empirisch operiert, die beide eine koloniale, untergeordnete Position im Weltsystem einnehmen. Die untersuchten Gruppen – die Mapuche in Chile und die Menschen im Nordosten Indiens – leiden unter einer doppelten Kolonialisierung. Zum einen aufgrund der Position von Chile und Indien im Weltsystem, zum anderen bezüglich der geringen Wertschätzung innerhalb des Nationalstaates.
    Abstract: This thesis tackles the commonly overlooked issue of ethnic groups that have suffered a delegetimization of their citizenship. They are not considered as the ideal citizens of a nation-state because they do not conform ethnically to the definition of the nation. Citizenship emerges with the formation of the nation-state in a modern world system characterized by a still operating coloniality. The legitimacy of this global colonial idea of nation-state was based on the cultural concept of a nation; an illusion of a homogenous shared past, customs and language where differences were suppressed. This is the common pattern of nation-state formation and the rise of the idea of a legitimate citizen. Illegitimate citizenship is another way of naming a colonial citizenship inserted in a Eurocentric patriarchal/white and Christian-centered world-system. Citizenship is a concept referring to individuals, however, and when it is racialized or ethnicized, the individuality of the person is taken away. The racialized citizen, the illegitimate citizen is always described as part of a group; the “immigrants”, the “Muslims”, the “indigenous”, the “northeastern Indians”. They are never described as an autonomous individual subject. This individuality is reserved for white European or European- descendant people and has been coined as “white privilege”. This research describes how illegitimate citizenship empirically operates in a very similar way in two ethnic groups within two different countries that have in common a colonial subordinated position in the world system. Therefore, Mapuches in Chile and Northeastern Indians suffer a double colonization in two different scales; one regarding the position of Chile and India in the world-system and one regarding their own position within the nation-state.
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  • 82
    Article
    Article
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Ilinx - Berliner Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft 2017,2017,4, Seiten 145-156
    ISBN: 978-3-86572-695-7 , 978-3-86572-695-7
    ISSN: 1868-5110 , 1868-5110
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Ilinx - Berliner Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft
    Publ. der Quelle: Hamburg : Philo Fine Arts
    Angaben zur Quelle: 2017,2017,4, Seiten 145-156
    DDC: 306
    Keywords: Kultur und Institutionen
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  • 83
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (155 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2017
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; soziale Ungleichheit ; ökonomische Ungleichheit ; symbolische Gewalt ; Neo-Liberalismus ; Japan ; Social Inequality ; Economic Disparity ; Symbolic Violence ; Neo-liberalism ; Japan ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Diese Dissertation demonstriert, inwiefern historisch gewachsene Strukturen sozialer Hierarchie in einer Gemeinschaft aufrechterhalten werden, während sie zugleich unterschiedliche legalisierende Rechtfertigungen und rechtlich vertretbare Erscheinungsbilder angenommen haben. Im ersten Kapitel zeige ich, dass das zeitgenössische egalitäre Prinzip der Chancengleichheit (FEO) und seine Anwendung, im Zusammenspiel mit Meritokratie, dazu führt, dass aufgrund sozialer Hierarchien existierende Unterschiede über die Zeit hinweg in politisch legitimierbare sozioökonomische Ungleichheiten übersetzt werden. Ich nähere mich dem zugrunde liegenden Mechanismus der weiterbestehenden Ungleichheit durch die Verwendung von Bourdieus Theorie der symbolischen Herrschaft und Gewalt. Er erklärt, dass auf der Grundlage der Meritokratie individuelle soziale Positionen als direkte Folgen individueller Leistungen missverstanden werden und so die Existenz sozialer Ungleichheit gerechtfertigt wird. Der Glaube an fairen sozialen Wettbewerb kann demnach dazu beitragen, existierende Strukturen sozialer Hierarchien hinter der Logik von Gleichheit und Freiheit zu verdecken. Ein Fischerdof in Japan stellt die empirische Grundlage meiner Thesis dar. Die alles überspannende Forschungsfrage lautet: Ist das Konzept vom Leben, eingebettet in FEO internalisiert und wird es von Individuen befolgt, um die existierenden Strukturen sozialer Ungleichheit der Gesellschaft zu bewahren, in der sie leben? Meine empirische Studie zeigt, dass die schon in der feudalen Ära mächtigsten Familien auch jetzt die höchsten sozialen Positionen innerhalb des Gemeinschaftsbildungsprojekts innehaben. Zudem verkennen sowohl die mächtigsten als auch die marginalisiertesten Bewohner des Dorfes ihre soziale Position innerhalb der Gemeinschaft als direkte Resultate ihres individuellen Handelns und ihrer daraus entstehenden Leistungen, haben dabei aber keinerlei bewusste Intention die feudale Machthierarchie aufrecht zu erhalten.
    Abstract: This doctoral research demonstrates how the structures of social hierarchy of the past have been perpetuated while acquiring different justifications and appearances in a legally justifiable manner. In the first chapter, I demonstrate that the commonly used egalitarian principle in today’s society, namely Fair Equality of Opportunity, hand in hand with meritocracy, functions as a translator of the existing structures of social hierarchy into politically justifiable disparities between individuals. I approach the un-derlying mechanism of persisting inequality by using the theory of symbolic domination proposed by Pierre Bourdieu. He explains that the existence of social inequality is justified because individual social positions are misrecognised as being the direct results of individual achievements via meritocracy. Widespread belief in fair social competition can thus contribute to concealing existing structures of social hierarchy behind the logic of equality and freedom. My thesis is empirically based on a rural fishing village in Japan. The overarching research question is: Is a concept of life as being the direct result of personal achievements internalised and acted upon by individuals to perpetuate the existing structure of social inequality in the society in which they live? My empirical study shows that the families that were powerful during the feudal era now occupy the highest social positions in the community-building project. Furthermore, both the powerful and the marginalised members of the local society accept their social positions in the community as being the direct results of their own individual achievements, without any conscious intention to perpetuate the feudal hierarchy of power. Given these affirmative answers to my research question, hermeneutically, I establish the explanatory power of my theoretical framework.
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  • 84
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (183 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2017
    DDC: 301
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; soziale Innovationen ; Bildung ; Brasilien ; Innovation ; Zivilgesellschaft ; Social Innovations ; Education ; Brazil ; Innovation ; Civil Society ; Innovaciones sociales ; Educación ; Brasil ; Innovación ; Sociedad Civil ; Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Neue Verfahren, neue Organisationen oder neue Formen des Denkens sind alles Arten der Innovation. Trotz einer beschleunigten Verstärkung des Aufwands für Bildung in Brasilien startend in 2005 sind soziale Innovationen nur in Form von Bildungsinitiativen von kommunitären und Nichtregierungs-Organisationen (NGO) weit über das Land verteilt. In dieser Arbeit wird untersucht, inwieweit Bildungsinnovationen in Brasilien auf diese Vernachlässigung durch den Staat reagieren und welche Akteure Innovationen auf lokaler Ebene unterstützen. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird dabei der Rolle der Lehrer in Sozialinnovationen gewidmet. Durch einen historischem Ansatz wird in dieser Arbeit die Beziehung von Sozialinnovationen und großen radikalen Umbrüchen, Sozialbewegungen und Reformen in Brasilien beobachtet. Durch Nutzung von Interviews und Fokusgruppen werden zwei Fallstudien in São Paulo analysiert: eine an einer Schule am Stadtrand und eine in einer NGO im Stadtzentrum. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass durch Innovationen neue Regeln und Verfahren eingeführt werden, die ein Subystem erzeugen, das die lokalen Machtverhältnisse verändert. Die NGO hat neue Verbindungen zwischen Schulen, privaten Akteuren, NGOs und der Kommunalverwaltung hergestellt und mit sozialen Netzwerken basierend auf Bildung und Kunst gearbeitet. die Schule hat ein neues Modell eingeführt bei dem Schule und Gemeinschaft zusammen die gemeinsamen Probleme von Unsicherheit und Bildung lösen. Sozialinnovationen umfassen die dringendsten Probleme in einer Gemeinschaft, die nicht auf ein Feld beschränkt sein müssen. Diese Forschung trägt zum besseren Verständnis von Sozialinnovationen, mit Fokus auf Brasilien, in den Sozialwissenschaften und in der Politikwissenschaft bei.
    Abstract: New methods, new organizations or new forms of thinking are all forms of innovation. Despite the increased spending on education in Brazil from 2005 onwards, social innovations have only spread in the country in the form of community participation and non-governmental organization’s initiatives for education. This study investigates to what extent innovations in education in Brazil respond to omissions on the part of the state and the drivers that foster innovation at a local level. Particular attention is devoted to the role of teachers in social innovation. Through a historical approach this study observes the relationship between social innovation and major radical changes, social movements and reforms in Brazil. Drawing on semi-structured interviews and focus groups, two case studies in São Paulo were analysed: one in a school in the urban periphery of the city and an NGO in the city centre. The findings suggest that innovations introduce new rules and practices, creating a subsystem which modifies local relations of power. The NGO established new relations between schools, private actors, NGOs and local government and worked with social networks through education and art. The school implemented a new model that brought the school and community together to solve common problems of insecurity and education. Social innovations embrace the most urgent needs in a community, which are not limited to one field. This research contributes to sociology and political science for a better understanding of social innovations and community participation, specifically in the Brazilian context.
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  • 85
    Article
    Article
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Ilinx - Berliner Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft 2017,2017,4, Seiten 193-203
    ISBN: 978-3-86572-695-7 , 978-3-86572-695-7
    ISSN: 1868-5110 , 1868-5110
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: Ilinx - Berliner Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft
    Publ. der Quelle: Hamburg : Philo Fine Arts
    Angaben zur Quelle: 2017,2017,4, Seiten 193-203
    DDC: 306
    Keywords: Kultur und Institutionen
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  • 86
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (301 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät III 2015
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Generationen ; Argentinien ; kollektives Gedächtnis ; Erzählungen ; Chile ; Argentina ; Generations ; Narratives ; Collective Memories ; Chile ; Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Die Dissertation zielt darauf ab zu verstehen, wie Individuen ihre Biografie mit vergangenen und gegenwärtigen kollektiven Ereignissen verknüpfen. Mithilfe des Konzepts der generationellen Erzählung werden die Lebensgeschichten von Personen, die nach dramatischen, von politischer Gewalt gekennzeichneten Zeiträumen in Chile und Argentinien geboren wurden, untersucht. Generationelle ‚stories’ in zwei Ländern werden recherchiert, um die verschiedenen politischen Entwicklungen, wirtschaftliche Divergenzen und kulturelle Unterschiede zu verdeutlichen. Die Dissertation zeigt, wie die kollektiven Gedächtnisse und Vergangenheitsbewältigungen der Diktaturen mit neoliberalen Wirtschaftsreformen, politischer Polarisierung und sozialen Bewegungen verstrickt sind. Jede ‚generationelle Lage’ bietet einen Plot (Erzählform), der vergangene Ereignisse und die Bedeutungszuschreibung der aktuelle Umstände umfasst. Die Arbeit beleuchtet Maurice Halbwachs Begriff ‚The living bond of Generations’, i.e.– die Verbindung von Vergangenheit und Gegenwart durch generationelle Beziehungen, Gedächtnisse und Narrative.
    Abstract: This dissertation aims to understand how people connect their biographies with historical and recent collective events. Through the concept of generational narratives, life-stories of individuals born after dramatic periods of political violence in Argentina and Chile, are examined. By recounting two generations’ stories in two post-dictatorial countries, political paths, economic divergences, and cultural differences are disclosed. In these contexts, collective memories of and processes of coming to terms with those difficult pasts are entangled in periods of neoliberal economic transformation, political polarization as well as youth mobilization. Every ‘generational site’ brings to the fore a narrative plot which encompasses past events and present processes of meaning attribution. The investigation shed lights on Maurice Halbwachs’ notion of ‘the living bond of generations’, i.e., how past and present times are lively connected through generational bonds, memories and stories.
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  • 87
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2017
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; China ; Intergenerationelle Solidarität ; Altersvorsorge ; Familie ; China ; Intergenerational Solidarity ; Old Age Security ; Filial Piety ; Family ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Die vorliegende Dissertation untersucht, wie die intergenerationellen Beziehungen im heutigen China ausgestaltet sind und diskutiert ihre Auswirkungen auf die Altersvorsorge. Historisch gesehen war die Rolle des chinesischen Staates bei der Bereitstellung von Altersvorsorge sehr gering, und die Betreuung älterer Menschen wird immer noch hauptsächlich als Familienaufgabe angesehen. Die konfuzianische Norm der filial piety verpflichtet die Kinder im Erwachsenenalter, ihre Eltern finanziell und materiell zu unterstützen sowie sich um die Betreuung zu kümmern und entsprechend Hilfe zu leisten. In den letzten Jahrzehnten wurden jedoch traditionelle chinesische Familiennormen und – bräuche durch den sozioökonomischen, demographischen und kulturellen Wandel infragegestellt. Infolgedessen wird weitgehend ‒sowohl in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur als auch im öffentlichen Diskurs‒ angenommen, dass filial piety und die damit zusammenhängenden Formen der intergenerationellen Familienunterstützung zunehmend an Wert verlieren, was die Frage nach dem Wohlergehen älterer Generationen aufwirft. Im Folgenden betrachte ich drei Hauptaspekte der intergenerationelle Solidarität: strukturelle Solidarität (geografische Nähe), funktionale Solidarität (Pflege und finanzielle Unterstützung) und assoziative Solidarität (sozialer Kontakt) sowie deren Zusammenhänge. Ich argumentiere, dass die beobachteten Muster weder den traditionellen Anforderungen der filial piety entsprechen, noch auf eine Krise der intergenerationellen Familiensolidarität hinweisen. Stattdessen reflektieren sie die pragmatischen Bemühungen der Familien, ihre Beziehungen im Hinblick auf einen raschen Strukturwandel neu zu verhandeln und anzupassen. Allerdings ist die Anpassungsfähigkeit in der chinesischen Gesellschaft nicht gleich verteilt, besonders schwer ist es für sozialschwache Familien, die vergleichsweise schwächere Bindungen zu ihren erwachsenen Kindern haben.
    Abstract: This dissertation assesses the state of intergenerational relations in contemporary China, and discusses its implications for old age security. Historically, the role of the Chinese state in the provision of old age security has been minimal, and caring for older people is primarily seen as a family responsibility. The Confucian norm of filial piety obliges adult children to provide their parents with financial and material support as well physical care and assistance. In recent decades, however, traditional Chinese family norms and customs have been challenged by a number of socio-economic, demographic and cultural changes. As a result there is a widespread belief ‒both in academic literature and in the public discourse‒ that filial piety and related forms of intergenerational family support are on the decline, raising concerns about the well-being of older generations. In this study, I look at three main aspects of intergenerational relations or family solidarity: structural solidarity (proximity), functional solidarity (the provision of care and financial support) and associational solidarity (social contact), as well as their interrelations. Using a nationally representative dataset of Chinese families, I argue that the observed patterns neither correspond to the traditional demands of filial piety, nor indicate a crisis of intergenerational family solidarity. Instead, they reflect families' pragmatic efforts to renegotiate and adapt their relationships in the face of a rapid structural change. The capability to adapt is not equally distributed, however, and it is often the more vulnerable groups that have comparatively weaker ties to adult children.
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  • 88
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (133 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2017
    DDC: 300
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    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Ernährungssicherung ; kleinbäuerliche Landwirtschaft ; Subsahara Afrika ; Impact Assessment ; Food Security ; smallholder agriculture ; Sub-Saharan Africa ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Die Ernährungssicherung der Bevölkerung im ländlichen Raum in Sub-Sahara Afrika ist eine der dringlichsten Herausforderungen unserer Zeit. Der Großteil der Bevölkerung ist von der eigenen landwirtschaftlichen Produktion für die Ernährung und die Existenzsicherung abhängig. Eine nachhaltige Entwicklung kleinbäuerlicher Landwirtschaft ist daher eine Grundvoraussetzung für Ernährungssicherung und Armutsbekämpfung. Eine Vielzahl von Entwicklungsmaßnahmen zielt auf die Verbesserung der Agrarproduktion von Kleinbauern und Kleinbäuerinnen ab, um die Ernährungssituation zu verbessern. Die Konsequenzen dieser Entwicklungsmaßnahmen sind oft vielfältig; neben gewollten, intendierten Wirkungen, können sich Entwicklungsmaßnahmen auch negativ auswirken. Daher ist es essentiell ein ex-ante impact assessment vor der Umsetzung durchzuführen, um eventuelle negative Auswirkungen frühzeitig zu identifizieren und die geplanten Maßnahmen dementsprechend anzupassen. Der theoretische Diskurs hinsichtlich der Charakteristika von ex-ante sustainability impact assessment ist sehr umfassend erarbeitet. Hier werden vor allem die gleichwertige Integration der drei Nachhaltigkeitsdimensionen (Soziales, Wirtschaft und Ökologie), die aktive Partizipation verschiedener Stakeholder auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen und der Austausch- und Lernprozess in den Mittelpunkt gerückt. In der Praxis wird die lokale Bevölkerung hingegen selten in ex-ante Wirkungsanalysen von geplanten Entwicklungsmaßnahmen involviert. Auch wenn in sustainability impact assessment ein interaktiver Einbezug der lokalen Bevölkerung unterstrichen wird, existieren kaum einfach anwendbare methodische Vorgehensweisen, um dies durchzuführen. Zudem gibt es bisher nur wenige Fallstudien, die das Einbeziehen von lokalen Stakeholdern beschreiben, systematisch analysieren und den Mehrwert für die Planung von landwirtschaftlichen Entwicklungsmaßnahmen herausstellen. Die vorliegende Arbeit hat zum Ziel diese Forschungslücke zu schließen. Im Rahmen der Dissertation wurde ein methodischer Ansatz für ein ex-ante sustainability impact assessment für die Anwendung mit der lokalen Bevölkerung entwickelt. Diese Methode wurde angewendet, um die positiven und negativen Auswirkungen von geplanten landwirtschaftlichen Entwicklungsmaßnahmen aus Sicht der Kleinbauern und Kleinbäuerinnen zu analysieren. Die Forschung wurde in vier Dörfern im semi-ariden Dodoma und im semi-humiden Morogoro in Tansania durchgeführt.
    Abstract: Food security remains a major challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa. Sustainable agricultural development is fundamental for food security and poverty alleviation, notably in developing countries. Many development initiatives focus on enhancing smallholder production because the majority of poor people in developing countries live in rural areas where agriculture is the main source of livelihood. However, the consequences of these development initiatives are often diverse, having intended effects as well as unforeseen adverse impacts. Therefore, there is a need to assess development strategies/projects prior to their implementation to reduce the risk of possible negative impacts and to allow for adjustments, if necessary. This can be achieved by applying ex-ante sustainability impact assessment. The theoretical discourse on ex-ante sustainability impact assessment is comprehensive, emphasising the equal integration of all three sustainability dimensions (social, economic and environmental), the active involvement of stakeholders at every step of the assessment process and a focus on exchange and learning among the involved stakeholders. In practice, local communities are rarely involved in ex-ante impact assessment. Moreover, despite a strong emphasis on their involvement in theory, there remains a lack of easily applicable frameworks for sustainability impact assessment. Hence, there are only few concrete case studies having analysed the value added by applying sustainability impact assessment with local stakeholders and its benefit for planning agricultural measures to enhance food security and sustainable development. This PhD thesis closes the gap by developing and applying an ex-ante impact assessment approach that is based upon the Framework for Participatory Impact Assessment (FoPIA) method and is applicable at small-scale farmer level in the development context. The framework was applied to assess the sustainability of upgrading strategies along the farmers’ food value chains to improve food security in rural Tanzania at four contrasting case study villages in the semi-arid Dodoma Region and the semi-humid Morogoro Region.
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  • 89
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (174 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2017
    DDC: 333.7
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Transnationale Landnahmen ; Landnutzungswandel ; Telecoupling Konzept ; Mensch-Umwelt-Systeme ; Chinesischen Investoren ; Bananenplantagen ; Laos ; Transnational land acquisitions ; Land use change ; Livelihood change ; Telecoupling ; Coupled human-environment systems ; Chinese investments ; Banana plantations ; Laos ; Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt ; Geowissenschaften ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Geschichte und Geografie
    Abstract: Die weltweit steigende Nachfrage nach land-basierten Rohstoffen erhöht stetig den Druck auf Land und Landnutzung, vor allem in ressourcenreichen Frontierregionen. Eine gegenwärtige Erscheinungsform dessen stellen Transnationale Landnahmen dar, die den Landnutzungswandel vorantreiben und die landbasierte Lebensgrundlage insbesondere der ländlichen Bevölkerung in vielen Teilen der Welt massiv bedroht. Ziel dieser Doktorarbeit ist es, ein besseres Verständnis der komplexen Prozesse zu schaffen, die Landnahmen befördern. Erstens untersucht sie die rezente Konjunktur des Bananenanbaus in der Provinz Luang Namtha, Laos, die von Chinesischen Investoren getrieben wird. Zweitens zieht die Arbeit das telecoupling Konzept heran und unterzieht es einer kritischen Diskussion in Bezug auf seinen Mehrwert für die Analyse räumlich entkoppelter sozioökonomischer und ökologischer Wechselwirkungen. Eine mehrmonatige ethnographische Feldforschung und deren qualitative Analyse stellen die Grundlage dieser Arbeit dar. Ausgehend von zwei Bananenplantagen in einer kleinen ländlichen Gemeinde fokussiert die Arbeit die Mechanismen und Prozesse, die die Bananenexpansion befördern. Das telecoupling Konzept dient als Instrument, um zu analysieren, welchen Einfluss die multiplen und ko-konstitutiven Interaktionen auf den Vorstoß des Bananenanbaus haben. Darüber hinaus verdeutlichen die tiefgehenden lokalitätsbezogenen Analysen die verschiedenen Kontexte auf, die dieses Wechselspiel spezifisch lokal verorten und gestalten. Die Fallstudie zeigt auf, wie die räumlich entkoppelten Beziehungen durch ein grenzüberspannendes Netzwerk chinesischer Investoren mit sozialen Verbindungen in die Provinz hinein, sowie auf den (chinesischen) Obstmarkt vermittelt werden. Außerdem stellt die Studie heraus, dass die Strategien der Investoren zur Landgewinnung und der daraus resultierende verheerende Landnutzungswandel einer Entfremdung der Dorfbewohner_innen ‘vom Boden’ gleichkommen. Durch die empirische, methodologische sowie konzeptuelle Auseinandersetzung mit dem telecoupling Konzept verweist die Arbeit letztlich auf den Wert qualitativer Analysen für die schwer greifbaren, ‚immateriellen’ Interaktionen sowie mögliche Feedbackmechanismen, welche Landnutzungswandel in einer globalisierten Welt bestimmen.
    Abstract: The global demand for land resources has increased the pressures on land, especially in resource-rich frontier regions. Transnational land acquisitions constitute one of these pressures that currently shape land use change and threaten land access and land-based livelihoods in rural areas. This thesis contributes to create a better understanding of the complex processes involved in such land acquisitions in two ways. First, it examines a recent boom in banana cultivation in Luang Namtha Province, Lao PDR driven by Chinese investors leasing land from Lao farmers and exporting the bananas to China. Second, it critically engages with the emerging telecoupling framework proposed in Land System Science as an analytical framework for dealing with distal causal interactions. Based on ethnographic fieldwork and using qualitative analyses, the thesis examines two plantations in a small village and traces the actors, mechanisms and processes driving the banana expansion. Using the telecoupling framework as a heuristic device, the study illuminates how multiple and co-constitutive economic, environmental, political and discursive interactions influence the banana expansion. Furthermore, the in-depth place-based analyses reveal how different contextual factors ground and shape these interactions in this particular location. In this case, the distal interactions are mediated through a cross-border network of Chinese investors with social ties in the local area, as well as in the fruit market in China. The study shows that the investors’ strategies to obtain access to the land combined with the resulting destructive land use conversion amount to an alienation of land from the villagers. By engaging empirically, methodologically and conceptually with the telecoupling framework, the thesis advances the discussion on telecoupling by demonstrating the value of qualitative analysis for capturing some of the more elusive and immaterial interactions, as well as potential feedbacks influencing land use change in a globalised world.
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  • 90
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Dissertation Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2017
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Gentrification ; Urbaner Wandel ; Nachbarschaft ; Organisation ; Gentrification ; Urban Change ; Neighbourhood ; Organisation ; Soziologie, Anthropologie ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Die dominante These fortschreitender Säkularisierung hat die Rolle religiöser Akteure in gegenwärtigen städtischen Transformationsprozessen nahezu unsichtbar gemacht. Doch wie sehen diese Prozesse aus, wenn sie durch die postsäkulare Brille betrachtet werden? Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit den Folgen von Gentrifizierung in innerstädtischen Nachbarschaften Londons und Berlins. Sie betrachtet diese dominanten urbanen Entwicklungen dabei durch die Perspektive wachsender Kirchengemeinden. Es wird gefragt: warum sind Kirchengemeinden für Zuzügler in Aufwertungsgebieten attraktiv? Wie verändern die Praktiken der Kirchengemeinden und ihrer Mitglieder urbanen Raum? Wie können diese Praktiken dazu beitragen, gegenwärtige Prozesse der fortschreitenden Urbanisierung und Theorien der Gentrification besser zu verstehen? Die empirischen Ergebnisse führen zu zwei theoretischen Schlussfolgerungen im Bereich der Stadtforschung. Erstens sind Kirchengemeinden nicht nur Akteure der Segregation, wie zumeist postuliert. Als sozial diverse ‘reviving communities’ stellen sie vielmehr einen Nukleus zur Revitalisierung gemeinschaftlichen Lebens in innerstädtischen Aufwertungsgebieten dar. Zweitens ermöglichen die in Kirchengemeinden gelebten ‘Theo- ethischen’ Praktiken Räume für alternative Entwicklunsgwege (‘spaces of possibility’) innerhalb dominant neoliberalen urbanen Wandels. Das stellt die dominante Perspektive der Stadtforschung in Frage, nach der Gentrifizierung stets zu unüberwindbaren ‘Grenzen’ (‘frontiers’) zwischen verschiedenen Lebenswelten führt. Stattdessen zeigt die vorliegende Arbeit, dass Gentrifizierung besser als ein umkämpfter Korridor urbanen Wandels zu verstehen ist, in dem Nachbarschaftsorganisationen in der Lage sind, ‘micropublics’ als alternative Räume der Begegnung herzustellen und damit kulturelle und soziale Grenzen auf lokaler Ebene zu überwinden.
    Abstract: The predominant hypothesis about the secularisation of societies in the Global North made religious actors almost invisible to academic and non- academic observers of contemporary dynamics of urban change. How would the urban look different from a postsecular comparative perspective? This thesis studies consequences of gentrification in inner-city areas of London and Berlin through the perspective of church congregations. It asks, why are people who move into gentrifying areas, interested in church congregations? How do the practices of congregations and congregants shape urban spaces? How can contemporary urbanisation and theories of gentrification be better understood through these practices? To answer these questions, this thesis conceptualises church congregations as neighbourhood organisations and discusses their relevance in understanding urban change. Through the comparison of six different cases (growing church congregations) in two urban contexts (London and Berlin), it develops a theoretical understanding of church congregations as fields of boundary work in order to scrutinise spaces where pressures of displacement and church practices collide. The empirical results lead to two further contributions to the literature on gentrification. Firstly, church congregations are not merely a segregating force. As socially diverse ‘reviving communities’ they also provide a nucleus for the revitalisation of mutual living in inner-cities. Secondly, by enabling ‘spaces of possibility’ through ‘theo-ethic’ practices, church congregations create further possibilities for transformation within processes of urban change. This finding from within a particular form of neighbourhood organisation, questions the very core of gentrification creating ‘frontiers’ as boundaries between different lifeworlds.
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  • 91
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (74 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Berliner Abschlussarbeiten der europäischen Ethnologie / Institut für Europäische Ethnologie der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 1,2017
    Dissertation note: Masterarbeit Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2017
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Ethnographie ; (Kultur-)Anthropologie ; Global Assemblage ; Verflechtungsgeschichte ; Kolonialismus ; Neokolonialismus ; Postkolonialismus ; Kamerun ; globaler Süden ; Baumwollhandel ; Informeller Handel ; ethnography ; (cultural) anthropology ; global assemblage ; entangled history ; colonialism ; neocolonialism ; postcolonialism ; Cameroon ; global south ; cotton trade ; informal trade ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: Globale und interdependente Phänomene rücken in den letzten 20 Jahren vermehrt ins Blickfeld der Kulturanthropologie. Ausgehend von ihrer fachspezifischen Methodik, der teilnehmenden Beobachtung, widmet sich die anthropologische Globalisierungsforschung nun vermehrt globalen Verbindungen und Machtverhältnissen. Basierend auf einer zweimonatigen Feldforschung im Norden Kameruns, diskutiert die Arbeit Verflochtene Stoffe – Ethnographie einer globalen Assemblage globale Interdependenzen und Globalisierungsprozesse an dem empirischen Beispiel des 2011 im Tschadbecken entstandenen informellen Baumwollhandels. Postkolonialen Theoretiker_innen folgend, analysiert die Arbeit die gegenwärtigen Globalisierungsprozesse vor dem Hintergrund kolonialer Ausbeutung und imperialer Herrschaft. Räumlich entfernte Akteur_innen und Institutionen haben im Kontext von Kolonialismus, Neokolonialismus und Neoliberalisierung den kamerunischen Baumwollsektor mitgeprägt und einen Einfluss auf das Leben der Baumwollproduzenten entwickelt. Auch aktuell findet der Verkauf von Baumwolle auf den globalisierten Rohstoffmärkten vor dem Hintergrund ungleicher Machtverhältnisse statt. Der kamerunische Baumwollproduzent scheint an keiner Stelle die Möglichkeit zu haben, aktiv an den Aushandlungsprozessen des offiziellen Baumwollhandels teilzunehmen. In diesem Kontext lässt sich der informelle Baumwollhandel, der von einem im Winter 2010/11 entstehenden transnationalen Netzwerk verschiedener Akteur_innen organisiert wurde und innerhalb weniger Monate den Verkauf von 26.000 Tonnen Baumwolle von Kamerun nach Nigeria ermöglichte, als Einschreiben in globale Aushandlungsprozesse verstehen. In der Arbeit findet somit eine Analyse wirtschaftlicher und politischer Prozesse statt, wobei auf die machtvollen Strukturen globaler Märkte, (neo)kolonialer Abhängigkeiten und der subalternen Position der Produzenten im globalen Süden eingegangen wird. Anhand des Phänomens des informellen Baumwollhandels wird aber auch deutlich, dass die Subalternen aktiv handelnde Akteur_innen der Globalisierung sind.
    Abstract: Over the last twenty years anthropology became more interested in global and interdependent phenomena. The emerging anthropological research on globalization processes often focusses on global connections and power relations while still following the discipline’s original method of participant observation. Based on a two month field research in the North of Cameroon, the Master thesis Entangled Cotton – An Ethnography of a Global Assemblage discusses global interdependencies and processes of globalization while focusing on the empirical example of informal cotton trade emerging in 2011 in the Chad Basin. Following postcolonial approaches, the paper analyses present globalization processes against the backdrop of colonial exploitation and imperial ruling. In the contexts of colonialism, neocolonialism and neoliberalization, different actors from very different geographical locations shaped the Cameroonian cotton sector and influenced the lives of cotton producers. While sharing the assumption that today’s cotton trade is shaped by the unequal power relations of a globalized market in which the Cameroonian cotton producers seem to have little chance to defend their interests, the paper goes on to argue that a temporarily emerging informal transnational cotton trade in the Chad Basin allowed the latter to actively take part in the negotiation processes. Based on a transnational network of diverse actors, the informal trade emerged in 2010/11 and allowed for around 26.000 tons of cotton to be exported from Cameroon to Nigeria in only a few months. The Master thesis analyses economical and political processes while focusing on the powerful structures of globalized markets, (neo)colonial dependencies and the subaltern position of producers in the global south. The analyzed phenomena of informal transnational cotton trade thereby shows how subalterns are active agents of globalization processes.
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Water Alternatives 10,2017,1, Seiten 22-40
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Water Alternatives
    Angaben zur Quelle: 10,2017,1, Seiten 22-40
    DDC: 551
    Keywords: water reuse ; TPSN ; governance ; sociospatial politics of water ; Germany ; Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie ; Soziologie, Anthropologie ; Politikwissenschaft
    Abstract: Much social science literature on water reuse focuses on problems of acceptance and economic problems, while the spatial and political dimensions remain under-researched. This paper addresses this deficit by reformulating the issue in terms of sociospatial politics of water reuse. It does this by drawing on the work of Mollinga (2008) and the Territory Place Scale Network (TPSN) framework (Jessop et al., 2008) to develop an analytical approach to the sociospatial politics of water in general, and water reuse in particular. The paper argues that Mollinga’s understanding of water politics as contested technical/physical, organisational/ managerial and regulatory/socioeconomic planes of human interventions can be deepened through further reflection on their implications for the four sociospatial dimensions of the TPSN framework. Such a comprehensive, multidimensional approach re-imagines the politics of water reuse, providing researchers with a heuristic device to trace the interventions through which water reuse plans disrupt existing arrangements, and avoid a concern for individual preferences and simplified notions of barriers and enablers. The potential of the analytical framework is explored using an empirical illustration of water reuse politics in the Berlin-Brandenburg region in Germany.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Ilinx - Berliner Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft 2017,2017,4, Seiten 173-181
    ISBN: 978-3-86572-695-7 , 978-3-86572-695-7
    ISSN: 1868-5110 , 1868-5110
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (10 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Ilinx - Berliner Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft
    Publ. der Quelle: Hamburg : Philo Fine Arts
    Angaben zur Quelle: 2017,2017,4, Seiten 173-181
    DDC: 306
    Keywords: Kultur und Institutionen
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  • 94
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Ilinx - Berliner Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft 2017,2017,4, Seiten 81-94
    ISBN: 978-3-86572-695-7 , 978-3-86572-695-7
    ISSN: 1868-5110 , 1868-5110
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Ilinx - Berliner Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft
    Publ. der Quelle: Hamburg : Philo Fine Arts
    Angaben zur Quelle: 2017,2017,4, Seiten 81-94
    DDC: 306
    Keywords: Kultur und Institutionen
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  • 95
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 Seiten)
    Series Statement: THESys Discussion Paper / IRI THESys 2017,2017,2
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Deutschlandstipendium ; Themenklasse ; Quinoa ; sustainability ; interdisciplinary teaching ; Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: The THESys Discussion Paper “An Analysis of the Sustainability of the Increasing Consumption of Bolivian and Peruvian Quinoa at University Canteens in Berlin” represents the first report in this series compiled solely by bachelor’s and master’s students. It therefore adds an important new category to the series, one that provides a platform for innovative interdisciplinary research conducted by students. The authors are students at Humboldt-Universität’s Departments of European Ethnology, Geography, Philosophy and Physics, the Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences as well as the School of Economics. They all are or have been members of the so-called Themenklasse Nachhaltigkeit & Globale Gerechtigkeit, (Themenklasse Sustainability & Global Justice), a year-long interdisciplinary study project at IRI THESys for fifteen students who receive a monthly scholarship from the German federal government’s Deutschlandstipendium programme. The scholarships, which reward academic excellence and social engagement, are provided by the Stiftung Humboldt-Universität, with co-funding from the Federal Ministry for Education and Research. The Themenklasse Nachhaltigkeit & Globale Gerechtigkeit has existed since 2013. Since its inception, the students of the Themenklasse have used their one year scholarship period to carry out interdisciplinary group work on questions of sustainability and global justice, under the supervision of IRI THESys scientists. In this work, which has always fallen under the larger topic of “Humboldt’s Footprint”, the students have addressed questions of great societal relevance while using the “cosmos” of their university as an area or object of study. Their work has included projects on subjects such as the sustainability of the Humboldt- Universität’s supply chains, student mobility, and official travel at the university’s geography department. The 2016/2017 cohort also decided to focus on Humboldt’s Footprint, this time addressing the question of sustainable food production and consumption. The students began by exploring and comparing different disciplinary approaches to the question of sustainability in a resource context. After determining the major differences in disciplinary approaches and perspectives, they then narrowed down the often broader, more general questions to the specific question of Quinoa consumption in university canteens. During many long meetings and discussions, and with only brief inputs from their supervisors, the students explored the multi-faceted problem of how to assess Quinoa as a product, including its production, transport and consumption. They took approaches to this question of sustainable quinoa consumption that ranged from empirical quantitative work to a normative approach. This report presents an initial summary and synthesis of the outcomes of this work. It is not a final report, as the work of the 2017/2018 cohort will continue to examine this topic. In a June 2017 workshop, the group presented their work to fellow students and explored how this topic could be further refined and developed, e.g. to regionally differentiate the economic and social impacts of the diffusion of quinoa production. As the supervisors of this work, we are excited to learn about the next group of new ideas and to see the outcomes of the next steps in this analysis. We therefore want to express our gratitude to Stiftung Humboldt-Universität for their constant support, which has been essential to ensuring the continuity of the work of this group of talented and enthusiastic young researchers.
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  • 96
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  GeoAgenda 2017,2017,2, Seiten 19-21
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: GeoAgenda
    Publ. der Quelle: Bern : ASG
    Angaben zur Quelle: 2017,2017,2, Seiten 19-21
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Soziologie und Anthropologie ; Medizin und Gesundheit
    Abstract: Since 2011 more than half of the world’s population lives in cities. Current interdisciplinary research investigates the effects of urban life on mental health. I will argue for the special importance of ethnographic research in this domain. By outlining my PhD project in Berlin I will point to a potential research design.
    Note: Erstmalig folgendermaßen erschienen (published first as): Patrick Bieler: „Developing a relational perspective on urban mental health“ In: GeoAgenda 2/2017, Seiten 19–21.
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  • 97
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    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  56,11, Seiten 2225-2241
    ISSN: 0042-0980 , 0042-0980
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: London, England : SAGE Publications
    Angaben zur Quelle: 56,11, Seiten 2225-2241
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: local politics ; nexus ; renewable energy ; urban infrastructure ; wastewater ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Wirtschaft
    Abstract: Infrastructures are key interfaces of urban resource use, connecting production to consumption, cities to their hinterland and energy to water and land use. They have, however, received scant attention in debates on nexus thinking in general, and the urban nexus in particular. Drawing on an emergent critical literature on the nexus in urban studies and science and technology studies, this article examines practices of (attempted) inter-sectoral infrastructure integration at the interface of urban wastewater treatment and regional energy provision in Germany. It analyses the nexus approaches and experiences of eight German cities / city-regions as so-called ‘flexibility providers’ in regional energy markets for electricity, gas and heating. It demonstrates how the practices of wastewater utilities operating in energy markets involve far more than technical adaptation, requiring in addition a major reordering of existing material, spatial and institutional configurations to both wastewater and energy systems. This is proving a deeply political process with important implications for our understanding of socio-technical transitions at the water-energy nexus.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
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  • 98
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    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  , Seiten 63-77
    ISBN: 978-3-319-52895-3 , 978-3-319-52895-3
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (17 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: : Springer
    Angaben zur Quelle: , Seiten 63-77
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Body ; Embodiment ; Thick description ; Praxiography ; Epigenetics ; Extended mind ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Soziologie und Anthropologie
    Abstract: Recent developments in molecular biology and the neurosciences on body–environment interaction and interdependence have led the natural sciences to prominently challenge the social sciences to refurbish some of the central elements of their theoretical apparatus and enter into joined empirical research. In the neurosciences, and departing from older perspectives, perception, cognition and knowledge are increasingly seen as integral elements of action, dynamically situating/embedding ‘cognitive agents’ in their socio-cultural-natural environments. Likewise, recent research in epigenetics suggests that bodily practices, shaped by their social and material environments within which they are performed, imprint a body that becomes highly susceptible to both past ‘experiences’ of and to present changes in its social and material environment. In this chapter, we critically review the research (practices) that prompted this challenge and discuss how it affects, but does not consider, social theories of interaction, habituation and inheritance. In a second step, we develop a social and practice theory on the basis of a co-laborative research agenda of ‘embodied practice’ that stresses the somatic context, performativity, historicity and dynamic situativity of embedded bodies. Finally, we discuss the theoretical and methodological implications of such an endeavour.
    Note: Published first as (erstmalig folgendermaßen erschienen): Jörg Niewöhner and Stefan Beck: “Embodying Practices. The Human Body as Matter (of Concern) in Social Thought”. In: Methodological Reflections on Practice Oriented Theories. Edited by Michael Jonas, Beate Littig, and Angela Wroblewski. Springer, 2017, pages 63–77. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-52897-7_5
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  37,1, Seiten 14-35
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2018
    Angaben zur Quelle: 37,1, Seiten 14-35
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Instrument constituencies ; policy instruments ; governance ; knowledge ; agency ; policy process ; policy-making ; practices ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Wirtschaft
    Abstract: As a new concept in policy analysis, instrument constituencies shed light on the ‘supply side’ of policy-making and thereby fill a gap in our understanding of national and transnational policy dynamics. Policy instruments are not only ‘active’ because they contain scripts for reordering society but also because they gather a constituency comprised of practices and actors oriented towards developing, maintaining and expanding a specific instrumental model of governing. Instrument constituencies account for a hitherto neglected form of agency and explain the often-observed paradox that policy solutions sometimes chase policy problems, although the former are meant to emerge as answers to the later. We give an outline of the concept as it has been developed so far, formulate propositions, and discuss linkages with established research traditions in policy studies.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    Note: This article was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 100
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (147 Seiten)
    Dissertation note: Masterarbeit Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin 2016
    DDC: 333.7
    Keywords: Hochschulschrift ; Fischerei ; Soziale Dimension ; kollektives Handeln ; Co-Management ; Post-Sozialismus ; natürliche Ressourcen ; natural resources ; social dimension ; fishery ; collective action ; co-management ; post-socialism ; Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie, Umwelt ; Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Am Shkodra-See in Albanien, einem Schutzgebiet internationaler Bedeutung, übernimmt die Fischereiorganisation das Co-Management von Fischerei und Naturschutz. Die Rolle von Netzwerken, Vertrauen und Institutionen (soziales Kapital) und deren Auswirkungen auf das Management am Shkodra-See sind bislang kaum bekannt. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden diese sowie der Einfluss des post-sozialistischen Hintergrundes auf das soziale Kapital in Bezug auf Fischerei beleuchtet. Durch die Verwendung des Social-Ecological Systems Framework wurden die sozialen Wirkungen am Shkodra-See analysiert. 36 qualitative, teilstrukturierte Interviews mit Akteuren auf lokaler, regionaler und nationaler Ebene wurden zwischen August und September 2015 geführt. Durch die Anwendung des Frameworks wurden die drei sozialen Wirkungen Einhaltung von Regeln, Selbstorganisation und sozialer Fit identifiziert. Mit Ausnahme des Fischerdorfes Zogaj sind diese maßgeblich durch das eingeschränkte Vertrauen unterhalb der Akteure und die Konfiguration sozialer Netzwerke auf verschiedenen Ebenen geprägt. Weiterhin wirkten sich Korruption, mangelnde Rechenschaftspflicht und Legitimität negativ auf die Wirksamkeit des Co-Managements aus. Die Erfahrungen aus der Zeit des Kommunismus prägten die Wahrnehmung der Ressourcennutzer. Die Studie zeigt die Relevanz der sozialen Dimension für das Co-Management am Shkodra-See sowie die Rolle von Kommunikation und Partizipation, um Vertrauen für wirkungsvolle Kooperation aufzubauen.
    Abstract: At Lake Shkodra, a biodiversity hotspot in Albania, information about trust, networks and institutiosn (social capital) of the fishery co-management are scarce and particularly lack an understanding of implications arising through the post-socialist context of the country. This knowledge gap was addressed with a qualitative case study approach. 36 semi-structured interviews with actors at the local, regional and national level across actor groups, e.g. fishermen, state authorities and environmental organizations, were conducted during fieldwork in August and September 2015. The use of the Social-ecological Systems framework facilitated the structured analysis of three micro-level outcomes of fishery: levels of compliance, the likelihood of self-organization and social fit. With the exception of the fishing community in Zogaj, limited networks of trust among actors and weak bonding, bridging and linking ties were identified. Effective co-management is further influenced by corruption, levels of partici- pation and the perceived legitimacy and the experiences of actors from communist times. The study highlighted the tight linkages and feedbacks among the elements of social capital and the outcomes associated with the social dimension of fishery. Investing in the establishment of trustful relations through communication and stakeholder participation could leverage adaptive capacities of the co-management and pave the way for long-term sustainability.
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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