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  • 2005-2009  (32)
  • 1980-1984  (16)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (48)
  • Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press
  • Humanities  (48)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9789048126149
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 220p. 65 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 16
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Humanities ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Logic ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Argumentation ; Sprachphilosophie
    Abstract: In Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness, Frans H. van Eemeren, Bart Garssen and Bert Meuffels report on their systematic empirical research of the conventional validity of the pragma-dialectical discussion rules. The experimental studies they carried out during more than ten years start from the pragma-dialectical theory of argumentation developed at the University of Amsterdam, their home university. In these studies they test methodically the intersubjective acceptability of the rules for critical discussion proposed in this theory by confronting ordinary arguers who have not received any special education in argumentation and fallacies with discussion fragments containing both fallacious and non-fallacious argumentative moves. The research covers a wide range of informal fallacies. In this way, the authors create a basis for comparing the theoretical reasonableness conception of pragma-dialectics with the norms for judging argumentative moves prevailing in argumentative practice. Fallacies and Judgments of Reasonableness provides a unique insight into the relationship between theoretical and practical conceptions of reasonableness, supported by extensive empirical material gained by means of sophisticated experimental research.
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; 1 Theoretical Background and Organization of the Study; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 A Historical Overview of the Study of Fallacies; 1.3 Modern Theoretical Approaches to the Fallacies; 1.4 The Pragma-Dialectical Approach; 1.5 Plan of the Empirical Study; 1.6 Structure of this Volume; 2 Considerations Regarding the Design of the Study; 2.1 An Outline of Methodological Backgrounds; 2.2 Bowker and Trapp's Research of Ordinary Arguers' Assessment of Argumentation; 2.3 Implications of the Discussion of Bowker and Trapp's Research
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4 Schreier, Groeben and Christmann's Studies on "ArgumentationalIntegrity"2.5 Alternative Methods; 3 Ad Hominem Fallacies: An Exemplary Study; 3.1 Variants of the Argumentum Ad Hominem; 3.2 Ad hominem Attacks: Fallacies or Not?; 3.3 Organization of the Study; 3.4 Results; 3.5 Discussion; 3.6 Conclusion; 4 The Confrontation Stage: The Freedom Rule; 4.1 The Freedom Rule; 4.2 The Argumentum Ad Baculum, the ArgumentumAd Misericordiam, Declaring a Standpoint Tabooor Sacrosanct
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3 Judging About the Reasonableness or Unreasonablenessof Discussion Moves with and Without Violation of the FreedomRule4.4 Results; 4.5 Politeness as an Alternative Explanation; 4.6 The Loadedness of the Standpoint; 4.7 Cultural Differences and the Freedom Rule; 4.8 Conclusions; 5 The Opening Stage: The Obligation-to-Defend Rule (I); 5.1 The Obligation-to-Defend Rule in Non-mixed Disputes; 5.2 The Burden of Proof: Onus Probandi; 5.3 Shifting the Burden of Proof; 5.4 Evading the Burden of Proof: Presenting the Standpointas Self-Evident
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.5 Evading the Burden of Proof: Personally Guaranteeingthe correctness of the Standpoint5.6 Evading the Burden of Proof: Immunizing a Standpoint AgainstCriticism; 5.7 Conclusions; 6 The Opening Stage: The Obligation-to-Defend (II); 6.1 The Burden of Proof in Mixed Differences of Opinion; 6.2 The Sequential Problem in Mixed Differences of Opinion; 6.3 The Presumption Principle and the Sequential Problem in MixedDifferences of Opinion; 6.4 The Role of Presumptions in Shifting and Evading the Burden ofProof
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.5 Explicit Verbal Indicators as to the Presumption Principle and Evading the Burden of Proof6.6 The Sequential Order Rule Versus the Obligation-to-Defend Rule; 6.7 Conclusions; 7 The Argumentation Stage: The Argument Scheme Rule; 7.1 Overview of Rules for the Argumentation Stage; 7.2 Argument Schemes, Critical Questions and Types of Fallacies; 7.3 The Argumentum Ad Consequentiam; 7.4 The Argumentum Ad Populum; 7.5 The Fallacy of the Slippery Slope; 7.6 The Fallacy of False Analogy; 7.7 Conclusions; 8 The Concluding Stage: The Concluding Rule; 8.1 The Concluding Rule
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.2 Violations of the Concluding Rule
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 2
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402062810
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    DDC: 179.7
    RVK:
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Ethics ; Philosophy ; Law Medicine ; Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Medicine ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Menschenwürde
    Abstract: The idea of human dignity is central to any reflection on the nature of human worth, and has become a key concept in international and national law, in medical ethics, and in much philosophical and political theory. However, the idea is a complex one that also takes on many different forms. This collection explores the idea of human dignity as it arises within these many different domains, opening up the possibility of a multidisciplinary conversation that illuminates the concept itself, as well as the idea of the human to which it stands in an essential relation. The book is not only an intri
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Introduction to a Conversation; Human Dignity and Human Worth; Human Dignity and Human Being; On Human Dignity: Fragments of an Exploration; Two Conceptions of Dignity: Honour and Self-Determination; Human Dignity and Charity; Human Dignity: Functions and Meanings; A Brief History of Human Dignity: Idea and Application; A Journey Towards Understanding: True and False Dignity; The Question of Dignity: Doubts and Loves and a Whisper from Where the Ruined House Once Stood; Religion and Dignity: Assent and Dissent; Giving the Past Its Dignity; Dignity and Indignity
    Description / Table of Contents: Human Dignity and the LawOn the International Legal Aspects of Human Dignity; Doing Justice to Dignity in the Criminal Law; Human Dignity: The New Phase in International Law; Dignity and Health; Human Dignity: The Perspective of a Gynaecological Oncologist; The Social Origins of Dignity in Medical Care at the End of Life; Dying with Dignity: The Story Reveals Its Meaning; Back Matter;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 3
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    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402063879
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Education in the Asia-Pacific Region: Issues, Concerns and Prospects 11
    DDC: 370.95
    Keywords: Education ; Arts ; Performing arts ; Humanities
    Abstract: Currently not available, will follow before Dec 30.
    Abstract: Written by leaders in a wide range of creative fields and from all corners of the Asian region, this collection of essays presents arts and education programs which reflect traditional and contemporary practices. The volume brings together researchers, practitioners, educators, children and young people with shared interests in the arts and activities that cross disciplinary divisions and aims to encourage the use of the arts in developing international understanding, celebrating cultural diversity, building cultural bridges and creating cross-cultural dialogue throughout the Asian region. Thi
    Description / Table of Contents: The Arts - Unifying Principles in Education; Masters and Pupils; Art for Education; Arts Education in Iran; The Arts-in-Education Programme; Arts Education in Cambodia; Representation of Japanese Art at the Art Gallery of New South Wales (Sydney, Australia); Mountains in the Evolution of Visual Arts in Kyrgyzstan; Development of Contemporary Art in Thailand; Information Technology, Art Education and Creativity in Singapore; The Power of Creation and Expression in Digital-Age Children; Art Education in Uzbekistan; To Strive, to Seek, to Find and not to Yield
    Description / Table of Contents: Sustainable Education for Sustaining CommunitiesNew and Varied Initiatives in Arts Education for Cultural Development in Philippine Society; Crossroads for Cultural Education Through Music; Symphony and Sa Re Ga; A Paradigm Shift in Teaching Music in Schools; Layers of Thought on Korean Music, Music Education and the Value of Music and Arts in the Context of Education and Human Development; Rasa - A Life Skill; Tertiary Dance Education in Malaysia; Theatre and Education; The Black Box Exercise; Conclusion
    Note: Description based upon print version of record , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9781402051456
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in Philosophy and Religion 27
    DDC: 214
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Hochschulschrift ; Rowe, William L. 1931- ; Das Böse ; Theodizee
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 347-367) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9781402062445
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 12
    DDC: 400
    RVK:
    Keywords: Humanities ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Applied linguistics ; Language and languages ; Englisch ; Konversationsanalyse ; Argumentation ; Diskursmarker
    Abstract: This volume identifies and analyses English words and expressions that are crucial for an adequate reconstruction of argumentative discourse. It provides a systematic set of instruments for giving a well founded analysis that results in an analytic overview of the elements that are relevant for the evaluation of the argumentation. By starting from everyday examples, the study immediately connects with the practice of argumentative discourse.
    Abstract: Argumentative Indicators: A Pragma-Dialectical Study identifies and analyses English words and expressions that are crucial for an adequate reconstruction of argumentative discourse. It provides the analyst of argumentative discussions and texts with a systematic set of instruments for giving a well founded analysis which results in an analytic overview of the elements that are relevant for the evaluation of the argumentation. In the book a systematic connection is made between linguistic insights into the characteristics of argumentative discourse and insights from argumentation theory into the resolution of differences of opinion by means of argumentation.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 6
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402050695
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Contemporary Philosophy: A New Survey 9
    DDC: 100
    Keywords: Aesthetics ; Architecture ; Music ; Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ästhetik
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9781402059391
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Zollner, Hans, 1966 - [Rezension von: Glas, Gerrit, Hearing Visions and Seeing Voices. Psychological Aspects of Biblical Concepts and Personalities] 2009
    DDC: 220.6019
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy ; Psychiatry ; Psychotherapy ; Philosophy (General) ; Religion (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Theologie ; Psychologie
    Abstract: This book's aim is to enrich and deepen our psychological understanding of biblical concepts and personalities. The book contains masterful analysis of biblical personalities, such as Job, Jeremiah, Paul, and Jesus. It may help theologians to contextualize their discipline by bringing it into contact with contemporary psychological and existential issues and tensions, both at an individual and a societal level.
    Abstract: This book s aim is to enrich and deepen our psychological understanding of biblical concepts and personalities. Such understanding is relevant for theology as well as for psychology and psychiatry. It may help theologians to contextualize their discipline by bringing it into contact with contemporary psychological and existential issues and tensions, both at an individual and a societal level. It also encourages psychologists and psychiatrists to develop and refine their vocabularies when they try to comprehend the existential meaning of what is transmitted to them by their clients. The book highlights the concepts of prophecy, martyrdom, and messianism from Christian and Judaic perspectives. Each concept offers one biblical figure as representative: Jeremiah, Paul, and Jesus, respectively. The book investigates the possibility of a theological criticism on common frameworks of psychological and psychiatric understanding of the inner world of the client. It also offers new ways to understand the transformative power of religion.
    Description / Table of Contents: Book_Glas_1402059388_FM_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch01_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch02_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch03_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch04_070607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch05_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch06_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch07_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch08_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch09_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch10_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch11_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch12_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch13_070607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch14_210607.pdf
    Description / Table of Contents: Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch15_210607.pdfBook_Glas_1402059388_Ch16_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch17_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch18_210607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch19_070607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch20_070607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Ch21_070607.pdf; Book_Glas_1402059388_Index_210607.pdf
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 8
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    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402030529
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Springer International Handbook of Research in Arts Education 16
    DDC: 700.71
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    Keywords: Education ; Arts ; Humanities ; Music ; Performing arts ; Ästhetische Erziehung
    Abstract: Providing a distillation of knowledge in the various disciplines of arts education (dance, drama, music, literature and poetry and visual arts), the Handbook synthesizes existing research literature, helps define the past, and contributes to shaping the substantive and methodological future of the respective and integrated disciplines of arts education. While research can at times seem distant from practice, the Handbook aims to maintain connection with the lived practice of art and of education, capturing the vibrancy and best thinking in the field of theory and practice. The Handbook is organized into 13 sections, each centering on a major area or issue in arts education research. These areas include: History of arts education, curriculum, evaluation, cultural centers, appreciation, composition, informal learning, child culture, creativity, the body, spirituality, and technology. The individual chapters address cross-cultural research related to the central theme of the section from the perspectives of the particular arts discipline. Interludes provide reflective thoughts on the theme.
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; Introduction; List of Reviewers; Section 1 History; 1 Prelude: History of Education and Arts Education; 2 Capitalizing Art Education: Mapping International Histories; 3 Interlude: Arts Education, the Aesthetic and Cultural Studies; 4 A History of Drama Education: A Search for Substance; 5 The Teaching and Learning of Music in the Settings of Family, Church, and School: Some Historical Perspectives; 6 Interlude: History Looking Forward; 7 Social History and Dance as Education; 8 The Teaching of English Language Arts as Poetic Language: An Institutionalist View; Section 2 Curriculum
    Description / Table of Contents: 9 Prelude: Making Sense of Curriculum Research in Arts Education10 Currents of Change in the Music Curriculum; 11 Experiencing the Visual and Visualizing Experiences; 12 Interlude: On Learning to Draw and Paint as an Adult; 13 Proteus, the Giant at the Door: Drama and Theater in the Curriculum; 14 Narrative as Artful Curriculum Making; 15 Interlude: Imagining Ms. Eddy Alive; or, the Return of the Arts Teacher and her Personalized Curriculum; 16 Dance Curriculum Research; 17 Music (and Arts) Education from the Point of View of Didaktik and Bildung
    Description / Table of Contents: 18 Arts Integration in the Curriculum: A Review of Research and Implications for Teaching and Learning19 Artists in the Academy: Curriculum and Instruction; Section 3 Assessment and Evaluation; 20 Prelude: Making Connections in Assessment and Evaluation in Arts Education; 21 To See and to Share: Evaluating the Dance Experience in Education; 22 Harmonizing Assessment and Music in the Classroom; 23 Interlude: Reflections on a Line from Dewey; 24 Assessing English within the Arts; 25 Wrestling with Assessment in Drama Education; 26 Interlude: Assessment and Evaluation in Education and the Arts
    Description / Table of Contents: 27 Evaluation Research in Visual Arts EducationSection 4 Composition; 28 Prelude: The Composition Section Composing as Metaphor and Process; 29 Compositional Process in Music; 30 Four Metaphors of the Composing Process; 31 Interlude: Metaphor and the Mission of the Arts; 32 Composition in Theater: Writing and Devising Performance; 33 Research in Choreography; 34 Interlude: Art and Metaphor, Body and Mind; 35 Composing in Visual Arts; Section 5 Appreciation; 36 Prelude: Locating the Heart of Experience; 37 Moving into Dance: Dance Appreciation as Dance Literacy
    Description / Table of Contents: 38 Appreciation: The Weakest Link in Drama/Theater Education39 Music Appreciation: Exploring Similarity and Difference; 40 Later "In the Early World": The Changing Role of Poetry and Creative Writing in the K-12 Classroom; 41 Teaching Toward Appreciation in the Visual Arts; 42 Interlude: The Arches of Experience; 43 Interlude: On Reading Maxine's Interlude; 44 Postcards from "A World Made Possible": Excerpts from Virtual Conversations; Section 6 Musuems and Cultural Centers; 45 Prelude: Museums, Cultural Centers, and What We Don't Know
    Description / Table of Contents: 46 The Role of Theater in Museums and Historic Sites: Visitors, Audiences, and Learners
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 9
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    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402055683
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: CERC Studies in Comparative Education 17
    DDC: 370.922
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Comparative education ; Education and state ; Education Philosophy ; History ; Humanities ; China ; Pädagogik
    Abstract: This book conveys an understanding of China s educational development from within. It does so through portraits of eleven influential educators whose ideas have shaped the educational reforms initiated by Deng Xiaoping in 1978. These eleven educators are portrayed in the context of their cultural heritage, families, communities and schools, offering their own deeply reflective interpretations of Chinese education. The book provides glimpses into the educational context of China s recent move onto the world stage.
    Abstract: This book conveys an understanding of China??'s educational development from within. It does so through portraits of eleven influential educators whose ideas have shaped the educational reforms initiated by Deng Xiaoping in 1978. These eleven educators are portrayed in the context of their cultural heritage, families, communities and schools, offering their own deeply reflective interpretations of Chinese education. The book provides glimpses into the educational context of China??'s recent move onto the world stage
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Creating the Portraits - An Interpretive Framework; Wang Chengxu - A Leading Figure in Comparative Education; Li Bingde - Pioneer of Learning Theory and Educational Experimentation; Zhu Jiusi - A Visionary University Leader; Pan Maoyuan - Founder of Higher Education Studies in China; Xie Xide - An Outstanding Scientist and Educator; Wang Fengxian - A Leading Philosopher of Education; Wang Yongquan - Higher Education Thinker and Leader; Gu Mingyuan - Comparative Educator and Modernization Theorist; Lu Jie - A Woman Educator of Standing
    Description / Table of Contents: Liu Fonian and Ye Lan - Influential Educators of Two GenerationsComparative Reflections on the Portraits; Back Matter;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 10
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    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402053313
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook Of Phenomenological Research 86
    DDC: 100
    Keywords: Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; Aesthetics ; Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Zeitlichkeit ; Phänomenologie ; Leben ; Literatur
    Abstract: Temporality pervades all the dynamic joint of existence, and the human being as such. As human beings unfold through ontopoiesis, each move of which punctuates the temporality of life, they, whose life experience, deliberation, planning, reflection and dreaming are permeated by temporal motivations and concerns, feel that they are engaged in the spinning of a common thread. Attributing to that involvement universal laws, constant existential validity and power, they absolutise/hypostasise its rule as a cosmic/human factor: 'time'. Yet today technologies are transforming the temporality of our existence by accelerating, intensifying, expanding our partaking in the world of life. Human communal and social involvement is being challenged in its personal significance to the core of our being. What happens to 'time'? A basic reinvestigation of the nature of temporality is called for. Human creative endeavor - especially literature - may initiate it. Having the human subject - the creator - at its center, literature is essentially engaged in temporality whether that of the mind or of the world of life through the creative process of writing, stage directing, or the reader's and viewer's reception. Out of the cross-motivations that the creative mind filters in its temporal synthesis in touch with all the perspectives of existence, there surges the deepest significance of life in humanity and culture. But, first of all, life comes to light as timing itself in its logos.(Tymieniecka) Papers by: A-T. Tymieniecka, A. Ashvo-Munoz, A. Omrani, R. Gray, T.E. Afejuku, M.-Q. Ma, W.S. Smith, J.S. Smith, V. Kocay, I. Okhamafe, P. Mroz, T. Despotovic, M. Dion, R.M. Painter, V.G. Rivas, W. O'Brien, J. Kim-Reuter, A. Zacharz, L. Kimmel, J. Handerek, M. Durante, V. Reed, M. Statkiewicz, D. Doyle, J. Collins, L. Livesay, R.J. Wilson III.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; A Temporal Chora; Literature and the Sense of the Past; "A Moment in Timelessness": Ben Okri's Astonishing the Gods (1995; 1999); A Mode of Recollection in African Autobiography; "In an Instant of Time": The Imagist Perception and the Phenomenology of the "Upsurge" of the Present in Ezra Pound's Cantos; Ascent Patterns in the Early Poetry of Tennyson; Ontology and Epistemology of Time in the Stage Play: Revisiting Roman Ingarden's The Literary Work of Art and The Cognition of Literary Work of Art; Temporal Sequence and Permanence in Neiges by Saint-John Perse
    Description / Table of Contents: Non-Teleological Temporality in Philosophy and Literature: Camus, Achebe, Emerson, Ellison, Hurston, and NietzscheThe Conflicting World-Views of the Traditional and the Modernist Novel; Towards the Infinite Memory; Between the Dialectics of Time-Memory and the Dialectics of Duration-Moment: Marcel Proust and Virginia Woolf in Dialogue; TemporalRearrangement of the Moral Cosmos: Alice Munro's Fiction; On the Distinction of Tragedy and Pathos Through the Perusal of Henry James's The Beast in the Jungle; Telling Time: Literature, Temporality and Trauma
    Description / Table of Contents: Transcendence Unbound: Existence and Temporality in Montaigne's EssaysTranslation Lost, Translation Regained - on Temporality, or on Being; Notes on a Poetics of Time; Camus, time and literature; The "Deepening of the Present" Throughout Representation as the Temporal Condition of a Creative Process; "My Dear Time's Waste": The Experience of Time and Creation in Proust; Indexicalities of image, text and time; Achieving a Human Time: What We Can Learn from Faulkner's Benjy; Kafka's The Metamorphosis: Gregor's Da-Sein Paralyzed by Debt
    Description / Table of Contents: Time in Post-Modern Fiction: Time's Arrow, The French Lieutenant's Woman, and "The Alexandria Quartet"Back Matter
    Note: "Published under the auspices of the World Institute for Advanced Phenomenological Research and Learning , Includes bibliographical references and index , International conference proceedings , Selected papers from the 29th annual conference of the International Society of Phenomenology and Literature (affiliated with the World Phenomenology Institute) held May 25-26, 2005, at the Harvard Divinity Schoool, Cambridge, Mass , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9781402029875
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Boston Studies In The Philosophy Of Science 241
    DDC: 306.4509409034
    RVK:
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Physics History ; Geschichte
    Abstract: This fascinating text is an exploration of the relationship between science and philosophy in the early nineteenth century. This subject remains one of the most misunderstood topics in modern European intellectual history. By taking the brilliant career of Danish physicist-philosopher Hans ChristianØrsted as their organizing theme, leading international philosophers and historians of science reveal illuminating new perspectives on the intellectual map of Europe in the age of revolution and romanticism.
    Abstract: The relations between science and philosophy in the early nineteenth century remain one of the most misunderstood topics in modern European intellectual history. By taking the brilliant career of Danish physicist-philosopher Hans Christian Ørsted as their organizing theme, leading international philosophers and historians of science reveal illuminating new perspectives on the intellectual map of Europe in the age of revolution and romanticism. They show how Ørsted, an intrepid traveller and cosmopolitan from the periphery of enlightened Europe, mediated between the great scientists of Germany, France, and Britain and profoundly shaped post-kantian philosophy and the emerging new energy physics of the nineteenth-century.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; The Way From Nature To God; The Other Side Of Ørsted: Civil Obedience; The Making Of A Danish Kantian: Science And The New Civil Society; Phrenology And Danish Romanticism; Natural Ends And The End Of Nature; The Influence Of Kant's Philosophy On The Young H. C. Ørsted; Ørsted's Concept Of Force And Theory Of Music; Kant-Naturphilosophie-Electromagnetism; Steffens, Ørsted, And The Chemical Construction Of The Earth; The Culture Of Science And Experiments In Jena Around 1800; The Romantic Experiment As Fragment; Ørsted And The Rational Unconscious
    Description / Table of Contents: Romanticism And Resistance: Humboldt And "German" Natural Philosophy In Napoleonic FranceBetween Enlightenment And Romanticism: The Case Of Dr. Thomas Beddoes; Ørsted's Presentation Of Others'-And His Own-Work; Ørsted, Ritter, And Magnetochemistry; Ørsted's Work On The Compressibility Of Liquids And Gases, And His Dynamic Theory Of Matter; Hans Christian Ørsted's Spiritual Interpretation Of Natural Science; The Spiritual In The Material; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 12
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    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402049897
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Technical and Vocational Education and Training: Issues, Concerns and Prospects 5
    DDC: 306.3/4
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Humanities ; Personnel management ; Social sciences ; Industriesoziologie ; Identität ; Selbst ; Arbeitsplatz ; Psychologie
    Abstract: This book examines continuity and change of identity formation processes at work under conditions of modern working processes and labor market flexibility. By bringing together perspectives from sociology, psychology, organizational management, and vocational education and training, it connects the debates of skills formation, human resources development, and careers with individual's work commitment and professional orientations.
    Abstract: This edited volume on Identities at Work brings together international theory and empirical research that deals with continuity and change of identity formation processes at work under conditions of modern working processes and labour market flexibility. By bringing together perspectives from sociology, psychology, organisational management and vocational education and training the contributions in this volume connect the debates of skills formation, human resources development and careers with individual s work commitment and professional orientations in various ways. With this focus the volume presents a new research perspective based on an interdisciplinary and international approach. We argue that in times of globalisation and rapidly changing work realities such an approach is needed to better understand and analyse what is required to equip and prepare the workforce to meet international labour market demands. In this sense the publication shall serve as a useful resource to researchers and policy makers working in the fields of skills formation, human resources development and organisational management.
    Description / Table of Contents: Book Series Scope; Introduction by the Series Editors; CONTENTS; List of Figures and Tables; Contributors; Introduction and Overview; Part One: Vocational Identity in Theory and Empirical Research; 1 Decomposing and Recomposing Occupational Identities-A Survey of Theoretical Concepts; 2 Tensions in the Vocational Identity of Danish Bankers; 3 The Role of Developing a Vocational Identity for Women- The Example of Young Single German Mothers; 4 The 'Double' Vocational Identity of the Working Population in the Greek Tourist Industry; 5 Vocational Education and Training-A European Perspective
    Description / Table of Contents: Part Two: Work and Personal Identity6 Career Changes and Identity Continuities-A Contradiction?; 7 Exercising Self Through Working Life: Learning, Work and Identity; 8 The Much Vaunted 'Flexible Employee'-What Does it Take?; Part Three: Work and Commitment; 9 The Dynamics Between Organisational Commitment and Professional Identity Formation at Work; 10 Apprentices' Experiences of Occupational and Organisational Commitment: An Empirical Investigation in a German Automobile Company; 11 The Individualisation of Identification with Work in a European Perspective
    Description / Table of Contents: 12 Work Identity in the Japanese Context: Stereotype and RealityPart Four: Modern Work and the Creation of New Professional Identities; 13 The Construction of a New Professional Self: A Critical Reading of the Curricula for Nurses and Computer Engineers in Norway; 14 US Efforts to Create a New Professional Identity for the Bioscience Industry; Concluding Chapter; Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | [Berlin : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402062568
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 82
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Coskun, Deniz Law as symbolic form
    DDC: 340
    RVK:
    Keywords: Law Philosophy ; Philosophy of law ; Law ; Political science ; Humanities ; Cassirer, Ernst 1874-1945 ; Rechtsphilosophie
    Abstract: This book describes the rule of law as the reign of persuasion rather than the reign of force, and democracy as the reign by persuasion rather than the reign by force. It synthesizes a vast amount of current Cassirer-literature and makes a contribution to jurisprudence. The book is the first systematic elaboration on law as a symbolic form and it sheds new light on a still dark area of intellectual and jurisprudential thought.
    Abstract: Jurisprudence, according to Cassirer, is not merely the systematic, conceptual pursuance of ethics. They are separate domains for Cassirer, and both direct their claims differently on the individual. Whereas ethics concerns the motives of the individual, law ultimately achieves a cosmos for our world of outward actions. However, they are not separated by a neutral line or a vacuum. For law to have effect as a symbolic form it is necessary that it reflects the law in the mind of people i.e., that one could and ought to have assented to it out of ethical principles and maxims. The conceptual analysis of law goes hand to hand with its genetic account. Both ethics and law are products of, spring forth from the formative or symbolic powers of man, and although, as any other symbolism, they might confront us as something objective, i.e., as part of reality that is beyond our immediate reach, ultimately we must always bring them to account to their very source: our independent and individual moral judgment. In this book we describe the rule of law as the reign of persuasion rather than the reign of force, and democracy as the reign by persuasion rather than the reign by force.
    Description / Table of Contents: Front Matter; Cassirer's Public Engagement with Weimar; Cassirer And Heidegger. An Intermezzo on Magic Mountain; Cassirer In Exile An Essay On The Recovery Of Individual Moral Judgement; The Politics Of Myth. Cassirer's Pathology Of The Totalitarian State; The Philosophy Of Symbolic Forms; Cassirer's Position In Relation To Neo-Kantianism?; Law As A Symbolic Form; The Linguistic Turn Of Social Contract Theory; Cassirer's Position In Relation To Neo-Kantian Jurisprudence; Back Matter
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 339-378) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9781402046612
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Annual Bibliography of the History of the Printed Book and Libraries 31
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    DDC: 010.42
    Keywords: Humanities ; Publishers and publishing ; Humanities / Arts ; Humanities ; Publishers and publishing
    Abstract: Aims at recording articles of scholarly value which relate to the history of the printed book, to the history of arts, crafts, techniques and equipment, and of the economic social and cultural environment, involved in its production, distribution, conservation and description
    Description / Table of Contents: General Works about the History of the Printed Book and Libraries; Paper, Inks, Printing Materials; Calligraphy, Type Design, Typefounding; Layout, Composing, Printing, Presses, Printed Books (incl. incunabula, etc.); Book Illustration; Bookbinding; Book Trade, Publishing; Bibliophily, Book Collecting; Libraries, Librarianship, Scholarship, Institutions; Legal, Economic, Social Aspects; Newspapers, Periodicals, and Journalism; Relation to Secondary Subjects (mainly in order of DC);
    Description / Table of Contents: General Works about the History of the Printed Book and Libraries; Paper, Inks, Printing Materials; Calligraphy, Type Design, Typefounding; Layout, Composing, Printing, Presses, Printed Books (incl. incunabula, etc.); Book Illustration; Bookbinding; Book Trade, Publishing; Bibliophily, Book Collecting; Libraries, Librarianship, Scholarship, Institutions; Legal, Economic, Social Aspects; Newspapers, Periodicals, and Journalism; Relation to Secondary Subjects (mainly in order of DC);
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Cover
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9781402041945
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Gunnoe, Charles D. [Rezension von: Bruening, Michael W., Calvinism's First Battleground: Conflict and Reform in the Pays de Vaud, 1528-1559] 2007
    Series Statement: Studies in Early Modern Religious Reforms 4
    DDC: 284.2494
    Keywords: History ; Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Waadt ; Reformation ; Calvinismus ; Geschichte 1528-1559
    Abstract: Talks about Calvinism's first battleground
    Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTION; POLITICS AND DIPLOMACY IN VAUD; ZWINGLIANISM AND LUTHERANISM IN BERN; THE CLASH OF THE OLD AND NEW FAITHS; FROM SACRAMENTARIANS TO CALVINISTS; FROM POLITICAL CALVINISM TO THE REFORMATION OF THE REFUGEES; FROM THE PAYS DE VAUD TO FRANCE; CONCLUSION;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402045882
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Education 15
    DDC: 370.1
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Education Philosophy ; Education, Higher ; Humanities ; Körper ; Erziehung
    Abstract: Discursive accounts of the body have been prominent recently. While acknowledging the usefulness of these, the author, drawing upon specific philosophers of the body and a wide range of other theorists, focuses attention on the experiencing body - which she refers to as 'creatural existence'. Thinking in terms of the creatural, she argues, can better situate human beings in their environment, thus emphasizing a kind of 'ecological notion of subjectivity', in which place-based existence is understood anew. The educational implications of focusing on what bodies 'do' and not so much in terms of how they are socially inscribed, presents them as practico-sensory totalities which should perhaps be seen as systems rather than an as a mere organism or entity. Such an articulation of creatural existence emphasizes animality, and in so doing reminds us of the centrality of the senses in all knowing and doing, including crucially, in relation to those practices which we have understood as 'work'. Multi-sensorial education is a major sub-theme of the book and the author argues persuasively for this by means of a critical analysis of the ocular centrism that is characteristic of contemporary culture. With its strong philosophical anchoring and its judicial use of interdisciplinary sources this book will appeal to both undergraduate and graduate students and their teachers not only in the field of philosophy of education but those from many others disciplines. It will also interest primary and secondary school teachers, curriculum designers and education policy makers. 'Marjorie O'Loughlin shows in this book that embodiment ought to be central to human hopes to be whole persons, who are not merely productive but who are also expressive of our potentiality. Her 'creatural existence' grounds this in our fleshly selves, and she explores it through the emotions, through work, and through citizenship. Her achievement here is profound: in one book, we find an interdisciplinary account of the evidence for creatural existence, presented accessibly in first-person philosophical narrative, based mainly on Merleau-Ponty. If bodies matter more than ever in everyday life, educators should start with our fleshly selves and move creatively forward. O'Loughlin points out the direction...and pushes us persuasively: you can feel the nudge!' David Beckett, Associate Professor, Faculty of Education, University of Melbourne
    Description / Table of Contents: The Scopic Regime and the Ordering of the World; Creatural Embodiment; Working Bodies; Emotion, Sociality and Embodiment; Embodied Citizenship
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402053405
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Information Science and Knowledge Management 11
    DDC: 501.4
    Keywords: Library Science ; Humanities ; Information systems ; Publishers and publishing ; Social sciences ; Elektronische Zeitschrift ; Geschichte 1987-2004 ; Kommunikation ; Wissenschaft ; Auswirkung ; Digitalisierung ; Zeitschriftenaufsatz ; Digitalisierung ; Wissenschaftliche Literatur
    Abstract: Outlines the consequences of digitization for peer-reviewed research articles published in electronic journals. This book provides a study of electronic journals over the period 1987-2004 and offers an approach that questions ideas about the 'revolutionary' impact of digitization on scientific communication and the role of publishers and academia
    Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTION; THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION; THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM; THE DIGITIZATION OF INFORMATION RESOURCES; THE ELECTRONIC JOURNAL 1987-2004; DIGITIZATION AND THE EVOLUTION OF SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9781402039843
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: LEAF 6
    DDC: 382.41
    Keywords: Political Science ; Sociology ; Humanities ; Social sciences ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Landwirtschaftsgenossenschaft ; Landwirtschaft
    Abstract: Food and agricultural standards have recently risen to the top of both national and international agendas. Popular concerns about the power of the World Trade Organization focus on the intertwined relationships between environmental protection, labor and human rights, and the standards used to produce and supply our food and fiber globally. In the developing world, agricultural grades and standards are an important part of the reconfiguration of roles and responsibilities between various public and private actors in market reform. This original and informative collection of studies of agri-food standards in the modern economy addresses these and helps to define the scope of the emerging study of the politics of standards setting. Following an overview essay dealing with the multiple ways of thinking about, approaching and defining food and agricultural standards, eleven case studies offer a rich body of evidence that assesses the processes, dynamics and potential consequences of global agri-food standards. For all interested in the strategic use of food and agricultural standards - from those in national and international governmental agencies, researchers and others in the academic and private sector to those in the private business sector - this volume offers a broader perspective on and will serve as an important resource.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: A New World of Standards; The World Trade Organization: Ultimate Arbiter of International Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standards?; Circulations of Insecurity: Globalizing Food Standards In Historical Perspective; The International Office of Vine and wine (OIV) and the World Trade Organization (WTO): Standardization Issues In The Wine Sector; Negotiating Standards for Animal Products: A Procedural Appoach Applied to Raw Milk; The Indivisibility of Science, Policy and Ethics: Starlink™ Corn and the Making of Standards
    Description / Table of Contents: Standards and State-Building: The Construction of Soybean Standards in BrazilParadoxes of Innovation: Standards and Technical Change in the Transformation of the US Soybean Industry; Defining a Good Steak: Global Constructions of What is Considered the Best Red Meat; Improving The Access of Small Farmers in Africa to Global Markets through the Development of Quality Standards for Pigeonpeas; China and Global Organic Food Standards: Sovereignity Bargains and Domestic Politics; Cotton in West Africa: A Question of Quality; Shaping a Policy and Research Agenda
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9781402050565
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Slotemaker, John T. [Rezension von: Balserak, Jon, Divinity Compromised: A Study of Divine Accommodation in the Thought of John Calvin] 2008
    Series Statement: Studies in early modern religious reforms 5
    DDC: 200
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Calvin, Jean 1509-1564 ; Gottesvorstellung
    Abstract: This is the first monograph devoted to divine accommodation in the writings of John Calvin. The text offers careful analysis of the topic along several different lines: it analyzes the character of Calvin's thinking on accommodation; it reveals the ways in which accommodation expresses itself in his writings; it probes the question of the penetration of accommodation into Calvin's theology and particularly its implications for his doctrine of God.
    Abstract: This book is the first monograph devoted to the theme of divine accommodation in the writings of John Calvin to appear in any language. The work offers careful analysis of the topic along several different lines: it analyzes the character of Calvin's thinking on accommodation. It gives an account of the ways in which accommodation expresses itself in his writings. It probes the question of the penetration of accommodation into Calvin's theology and particularly its implications for his doctrine of God. And it compares Calvin's handling of accommodation with that of other exegetes in order to set his thinking in context. In pursuing these matters, Dr Balserak provides a rigorous consideration of many of the individual places in Calvin's corpus where he discusses accommodation. This enables him to set out a summary of the basic qualities which characterize Calvin's handling of the motif. The addition of chapters on the relationship of Calvin's thought on accommodation to his use of the potentia absoluta/ordinata distinction and on the influence of accommodation on his views on the truth and applicability of Scripture allows this study to examine its topic from different angles. This, coupled with the thoroughness of the author's analysis, results in a work which offers a substantial reassessment of Calvin's thinking on divine accommodation.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Divine accommodation in the tradition and calvin; Human captus; God's accommodating responses to human captus; God's reasons for accommodating-images of god in calvin's handling of accommodation; Accommodation and calvin'ng on the power of god; The volatility of accommodation; Concluding reflections
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9781402040542
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 69
    DDC: 160
    RVK:
    Keywords: Logic ; Metaphysics ; Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Mathematische Logik ; Philosophie ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Philosophie der Logik ; Axiomatische Mengenlehre ; Logik
    Abstract: The papers in this collection are united by an approach to philosophy. They illustrate the manifold contributions that logic makes to philosophical progress, both by the application of formal methods to traditional philosophical problems and by opening up new avenues of inquiry as philosophers sort out the implications of new and often surprising technical results. Contributions include new technical results rich with philosophical significance for contemporary metaphysics, attempts to diagnose the philosophical significance of some recent technical results, philosophically motivated proposals for new approaches to negation, investigations in the history and philosophy of logic, and contributions to epistemology and philosophy of science that make essential use of logical techniques and results. Where the work is formal, the motives are obviously philosophical, not merely mathematical. Where the work is less formal, it is deeply informed by the relevant formal material. The volume includes contributions from some of the most interesting philosophers now working in philosophical logic, philosophy of logic, epistemology and metaphysics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Externalism, Anti-Realism, and the KK-Thesis; Choice Principles in Intuitionistic Set Theory; Assertion, Proof, and the Axiom of Choice; Montague's Modal Completeness Theorem of 1955; On the Rational Reconstruction of Our Theoretical Knowledge; Do We have the Right Limitative Theorems?; Empirical Negation in Intuitionistic Logic; Negation's Holiday: Aspectival Dialetheism; Monism: The One True Logic
    Note: Essays , Includes bibliographical references (p. 210-218) and index , Memorial volume , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9781402048203
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Archimedes (Dordrecht, Netherlands) v. 15
    DDC: 580.22209033
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Botanik ; Illustration ; Geschichte 1700-1800 ; Pflanzen ; Illustration ; Geschichte 1700-1800 ; Botanik ; Illustration ; Geschichte 1700-1800
    Abstract: This book is the first in-depth study of eighteenth-century botanical illustrations. Its findings offer a completely new insight into the working practices of the botanists and scientific draughtsmen of this period. The author describes the different production stages of these illustrations. For the first time, the author presents a convincing description of how botanical illustrations developed, ascertaining the criteria that drove this process.
    Abstract: Presents a study of 18th-century botanical illustrations, offering insight into the working practices of botanists and scientific draughtsmen of this period. This book describes the different production stages of these illustrations, traces their uses, and explores their visual language, with particular emphasis on the difficult issue of colour
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; The Making of Botanical Illustrations; The Content of Botanical Illustrations; The Role of Botanical Illustrations; Visual Language; Links with Tradition; The Construction of Botanical Illustrations; Methods and Materials
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Revised thesis (doctoral) - Universität, Bern, 2002 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9781402040894
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 13
    DDC: 509.2
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; Physics History ; Science (General) ; Humanities ; Biografie ; Morley, Edward William 1838-1923 ; USA ; Naturwissenschaften ; Geschichte 1860-1910 ; USA ; Naturwissenschaften ; Chemie ; Geschichte 1800-1900 ; Morley, Edward William 1838-1923
    Abstract: "An American Scientist on the Research Frontier is the first scholarly study of the nineteenth-century American scientist Edward Williams Morley. In part, it is the long-overdue story of a man who lent his name to the Michelson and Morley Ether-Drift Experiment, and who conclusively established the atomic weight of oxygen. It is also the untold story of science in provincial America: what Hamerla presents as science on the ""American research frontier"". This important examination of Morley's struggle for personal and professional legitimacy extends and transforms our understanding of science during a foundational period, and leads to a number of unique conclusions that are vital to the literature and historiography of science. By revealing important aspects of the scientific culture of the American heartland, An American Scientist on the Research Frontier deepens our understanding of an individual scientist and of American science more broadly. In so doing, Hamerla changes the way we approach and understand the creation of scientific knowledge, scientific communities, and the history of science itself."
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; The Morleys; Edward Morley: Education, Civil War, and the Western Reserve; Making a Place; Kindred Spirits: The Ether Drift; Intellectual Heritage, Prout's Hypothesis; Oxygen
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 239-254) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402049439
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 11
    DDC: 345.06
    RVK:
    Keywords: Criminal Law ; Philosophy of Law ; Law Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Charakter
    Abstract: This book examines the nature of evidence for character judgments, using a model of abductive reasoning called Inference To The Best Explanation. The book expands this notion based on recent work with models of reasoning using argumentation theory and artificial intelligence. The aim is not just to show how character judgments are made, but how they should be properly be made based on sound reasoning, avoiding common errors and superficial judgments.
    Abstract: This book is on evidence for character judgments, answering questions about how such judgments are and should be supported or refuted by verifiable evidence. For example, if I claim that some particular person has integrity, or does not, what kind of justification should properly be used to support or refute the claim? This book answers the question using a model of abductive reasoning, commonly called inference to the best explanation. The methodology of the book derives from recent work on models of reasoning in argumentation theory and artificial intelligence. The aim is not just to show how character judgments are made, but to show how they should be properly be made based on sound reasoning, in order to avoid errors and superficial judgments of a kind that are common. Character evidence in law is on a razor s edge. It is generally inadmissible, for it might tend to prejudice a jury, but it is a kind of evidence often needed in trials, for example, to cross-examine a witness. This book shows that we are not as good at judging character as we think, and often make serious mistakes. But it is shown how character judgments can, in some instances, be based on good reasoning supported by factual evidence in a case.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Problem of Character Evidence; Defining and Judging Character; Integrity and Hypocrisy; Simulative Reasoning and Plan Recognition; Multi-Agent Dialogue; A Multi-Agent System for Character Evidence
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 221-229) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9781402042126
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Philosophy 59
    DDC: 323/.09
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: History ; Political Science ; Law History ; Humanities ; Law Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Recht ; Geschichte 1200-1500 ; Recht ; Geschichte 1500-1800 ; Rechtsphilosophie ; Geschichte 1300-1800
    Abstract: Rights language is a fundamental feature of the modern world. Virtually all significant social and political struggles are waged, and have been waged for over a century now, in terms of rights claims. In some ways, it is precisely the birth of modern rights language that ushers in modernity in terms of moral and political thought, and the struggle for a modern way of life seems for many synonymous with the fight for a universal recognition of equal, individual human rights. Where did modern rights language come from? What kinds of rights discourses is it rooted in? What is the specific nature of modern rights discourse, when and where were medieval and ancient notions of rights transformed into it? Can one in fact find any single such transformation of medieval into modern rights discourse? This book brings together some of the most central scholars in the history of medieval and early-modern rights discourse. Through the different angles taken by its authors, the volume brings to light the multifaceted nature of rights languages in the medieval and early modern world.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; CONTENTS; 1. Are There Any Individual Rights or Only Duties?; 2. Rights and Duties in Late Scholastic Discussion on Extreme Necessity; 3. Right(s) in Ockham: A Reasonable Vision of Politics; 4. Politics, Right(s) and Human Freedom in Marsilius of Padua; 5. Summenhart's Theory of Rights; 6. Moral Self-Ownership and Ius Possessionis in Late Scholastics; 7. Dominion of Self and Natural Rights Before Locke and After; 8. Natural Law and Practical Reasoning in Late Medieval Scholasticism; 9. Liberty and Natural Rights in Pufendorf's Natural Law Theory
    Description / Table of Contents: 10. Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness11. The Lockean Rightholders; Index Of Names
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 307-310) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer | Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9781402030079
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    DDC: 347.47/035
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Humanities ; Law Philosophy ; Comparative law ; Public law ; Ostmitteleuropa ; Verfassungsgerichtsbarkeit ; Ostmitteleuropa ; Verfassungspolitik
    Abstract: Challenging the conventional wisdom that constitutional courts are the best device that democratic systems have for the protection of individual rights, Wojciech Sadurski examines the most recent wave of activist constitutional courts: those that have emerged after the fall of communism in Central and Eastern Europe. In contrast to most other analysts and scholars he does not take for granted that they are a 'force for the good', but rather subjects them to critical scrutiny.
    Abstract: Challenging the conventional wisdom that constitutional courts are the best device that democratic systems have for the protection of individual rights, Wojciech Sadurski examines carefully the most recent wave of activist constitutional courts: those that have emerged after the fall of communism in Central and Eastern Europe. In contrast to most other analysts and scholars he does not take for granted that they are a "force for the good", but rather subjects them to critical scrutiny against the background of a wide-ranging comparative and theoretical analysis of constitutional judicial review in the modern world. He shows that, in the region of Central and Eastern Europe, their record in protecting constitutional rights has been mixed, and their impact upon the vibrancy of democratic participation and public discourse about controversial issues often negative. Sadurski urges us to reconsider the frequently unthinking enthusiasm for the imposition of judicial limits upon constitutional democracy. In the end, his reflections go to the very heart of the fundamental dilemma of constitutionalism and political theory: how best to find the balance between constitutionalism and democracy? The lively, if imperfect, democracies in Central and Eastern Europe provide a fascinating terrain for raising this question, and testing traditional answers. This innovative, wide-ranging and thought-provoking book will become essential reading for scholars and students alike in the fields of comparative constitutionalism and political theory, particularly for those with an interest in legal and political developments in the postcommunist world.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preliminaries; CONTENTS; 1. THE MODEL OF CONSTITUTIONAL REVIEW IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE: AN OVERVIEW; 2. CONSTITUTIONAL COURTS IN SEARCH OF LEGITIMACY; 3. THE MODEL OF JUDICIAL REVIEW AND ITS IMPLICATIONS; 4. CONSTITUTIONAL COURTS AND LEGISLATION; 5. JUDICIAL REVIEW AND PROTECTION OF CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS; 6. PERSONAL, CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS AND LIBERTIES; 7. SOCIO-ECONOMIC RIGHTS; 8. EQUALITY AND MINORITY RIGHTS; 9. "DECOMMUNISATION", "LUSTRATION", AND CONSTITUTIONAL CONTINUITY; 10. RESTRICTIONS OF RIGHTS; CONCLUSIONS; Endnotes; Bibliography; Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [355]-365) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402030444
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    RVK:
    Keywords: Humanities ; Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Bibliografie ; Sikh
    Abstract: Gerald Barrier, Hakam Singh, Jaginder Singh Ramdev, Jasmer Singh, Rajwant Singh, Man Singh Deora, Priya Muhar Rai, Darshan Singh Tatla, and others.
    Abstract: The International Bibliography of Sikh Studies brings together all books, composite works, journal articles, conference proceedings, theses, dissertations, project reports, and electronic resources produced in the field of Sikh Studies until June 2004, making it the most complete and up-to-date reference work in the field today. One of the youngest religions of the world, Sikhism has progressively attracted attention on a global scale in recent decades. An increasing number of scholars is exploring the culture, history, politics, and religion of the Sikhs. The growing interest in Sikh Studies has resulted in an avalanche of literature, which is now for the first time brought together in the International Bibliography of Sikh Studies. This monumental work lists over 10,000 English-language publications under almost 30 subheadings, each representing a subfield in Sikh Studies. The Bibliography contains sections on a wide variety of subjects, such as Sikh gurus, Sikh philosophy, Sikh politics and Sikh religion. Furthermore the encyclopedia presents an annotated survey of all major scholarly work on Sikhism, and a selective listing of electronic and web-based resources in the field. Author and subject indices are appended for the reader's convenience. The online version of the International Bibliography of Sikh Studies includes hyperlinks and offers the possibility to search on author, title, key word or subject, making this huge reference work easily accessible and user-friendly.
    Description / Table of Contents: Printed and Electronic Reference Resources; Sikh Gurus; Sikh Scriptures & Gurbani; Bhagats and Saints; Sikh Philosophy; Sikh History; Sikh Politics; Sikh Leaders; Sikh Art & Architecture; Sikh Coins (Numismatics); Sikh Culture & Traditions; Sikhs as Khalsa; Sikh Code of Conduct, Institutions & Ceremonies; Sikh Symbols & Identity; Sikh Education & Research; Sikh Scholars & Personalities; Sikh Castes & Casteism; Sikh Sects; Gurdwaras (Sikh Shrines); Sikh Warriors & Martyrs; Sikh Music (Gurbani Kirtan); Sikhs in Military; Sikh Women; Sikh Youths & Apostasy; Sikhism & Other Religions
    Description / Table of Contents: Sikh DiasporaFuture of Sikhs & Sikhism; Miscellaneous Works
    Note: Includes indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9781402039096
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 192
    DDC: 914.045
    RVK:
    Keywords: History ; Humanities ; Linguistics ; Regional planning ; Russland ; Reisebericht ; Westeuropabild
    Abstract: Journeys to a Graveyard examines the descriptions provided by eight Russian writers of journeys made to western European countries between 1697 and 1880. The descriptions reveal the mentality and preoccupations of the Russian social and intellectual elites during this period. The travellers' perceptions of western European countries are treated here as an ambivalent response to a civilization with which Russia was belatedly coming into close contact as a result of the imperial ambition of the Russian state and the westernization of the Russian elites. The travellers perceived the most advanced European countries as superior to Russia in terms of material achievement and the maturity and refinement of their cultures, but they also promoted a view of Russia as in other respects superior to the western nations. Heavily influenced from the late eighteenth century by Romanticism and by the rise of nationalism in the west, they tended to depict European civilization as moribund. By this means they managed to define their own emergent nation in a contrastive way as having youth and promising futurity.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Piotr Tolstoi: a travel diary; Fonvizin: letters from foreign journeys; Karamzin: The Letters of a Russian Traveller; Pogodin: A Year in Foreign Lands; Botkin: Letters on Spain; Herzen: Letters from France and Italy; Dostoevskii: Winter Notes on Summer Impressions; Saltykov-Shchedrin: Across the Border
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402030376
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 69
    RVK:
    Keywords: Law ; Artificial intelligence ; Law Philosophy ; Humanities ; Datenbank ; Urheberrecht ; Gesetzgebung ; Datenbank ; Urheberrecht ; Gesetzgebung
    Abstract: Knowledge Discovery from Legal Databases is the first text to describe data mining techniques as they apply to law. Law students, legal academics and applied information technology specialists are guided thorough all phases of the knowledge discovery from databases process with clear explanations of numerous data mining algorithms including rule induction, neural networks and association rules. Throughout the text, assumptions that make data mining in law quite different to mining other data are made explicit. Issues such as the selection of commonplace cases, the use of discretion as a form
    Abstract: "Knowledge Discovery from Legal Databases" is the first text to describe data mining techniques as they apply to law. Law students, legal academics and applied information technology specialists are guided thorough all phases of the knowledge discovery from databases process with clear explanations of numerous data mining algorithms including rule induction, neural networks and association rules. Throughout the text, assumptions that make data mining in law quite different to mining other data are made explicit. Issues such as the selection of commonplace cases, the use of discretion as a form of open texture, transformation using argumentation concepts and evaluation and deployment approaches are discussed at length.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Legal Issues in the Data Selection Phase; Legal Issues in the Data Pre-Processing Phase; Legal Issues in the Data Transformation Phase; Data Mining with Rule Induction; Uncertain and Statistical Data Mining; Data Mining Using Neural Networks; Information Retrieval and Text Mining; Evaluation, Deployment and Related Issues; Conclusion
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 227-254) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9781402037030
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 19
    DDC: 530.01
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: History ; Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Physics History ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Naturphilosophie ; Geschichte 1600-1700 ; Wissenschaftliche Revolution ; Physik ; Naturwissenschaften ; Geschichte 1600-1700
    Abstract: " The seventeenth century marked a critical phase in the emergence of modern science. But we misunderstand this process, if we assume that seventeenth-century modes of natural inquiry were identical to the highly specialised, professionalised and ever proliferating family of modern sciences practised today. In early modern Europe the central category for the study of nature was ""natural philosophy"", or as Robert Hooke called it in his Micrographia, the Science of Nature. In this discipline general theories of matter, cause, cosmology and method were devised, debated and positioned in relation to superior disciplines, such as theology, cognate disciplines, such as mathematics and ethics, and subordinate disciplines, such as the ""mixed mathematical sciences"" of astronomy, optics and mechanics. Thus, the ""Scientific Revolution"" of the Seventeenth Century did not witness the sudden birth of 'modern science' but rather conflict and change in the field of natural philosophy: Aristotelian natural philosophy was challenged and displaced, as thinkers competed to redefine natural philosophy and its relations to the superior, cognate and subordinate disciplines. From this process the more modern looking disciplines of natural science emerged, and the idea of a general Science of Nature suffered a slow demise. The papers in this collection focus on patterns of change in natural philosophy in the seventeenth century, aiming to encourage the use and articulation of this category in the historiography of science. The volume is intended for scholars and advanced students of early modern history of science, history of philosophy and intellectual history. Philosophers of science and sociologists of scientific knowledge concerned with historical issues will also find the volume of relevance. Above all, the volume is addressed to anyone interested in current debates about the origin and nature of modern science. "
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; The Onset of the Scientific Revolution; 'Waterworld': Descartes' Vortical Celestial Mechanics; Circular Argument; From Mechanics to Mechanism; The Autonomy of Natural Philosophy; Physico-Theology and the Mixed Sciences; The Saturn Problem; Experimental Versus Speculative Natural Philosophy
    Note: Includes bibliographic references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402029943
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 68
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy of Law ; Humanities ; Law Philosophy ; Macht ; Einfluss
    Abstract: "This book will be of interest to legal, political and other social theorists/philosophers. Unique in its topics as well as in its approach, the book takes substantial steps towards answering essential questions about political influence. It analyses the concepts of social, political and legal power with a view towards arriving at an adequate and theoretically relevant distinction between power and influence. This volume contains an extensive overview and critical assessment, explores the conceptual relationship between freedom and power, assesses the distinctions made in existing scholarship between power and influence, presents the author's own proposal for a definition of influence as opposed to power, combines insights from political theory, legal philosophy and the general theory of norms, is densely argued, yet accessible to all interested readers without any prerequisite of special prior knowledge, is transparently structured, written in a clear style, avoiding social-scientific jargon and using ordinary language. ""Exact but not exacting, this is a fine work of overview and analysis, it makes an excellent contribution to the literature on power and freedom."" Philip Pettit, William Nelson Cromwell Professor of Politics, Princeton University ""In this work, the author assumes the task of a 'logical clean-up' - an extremely valuable contribution to the promotion of scientific rigour and clarity in political scholarship."" [This book] ""gives the reader orientation in a conceptual jungle."" [It is] ""an excellent analysis of the relationships between normative and social power."" Ernesto Garzón Valdés, Prof. em. of Legal Philosophy, President of The Tampere Club ""A genuinely pioneering contribution insofar as the author - to my knowledge: for the first time ever - succeeds in giving a conceptually rather clear profile to a descriptive-analytic and normative understanding of the phenomenon of influence and in elucidating - again, by way of thorough and profound analysis - that this is much more than an academic glass-bead game, because our understanding of such essential normative foundations of political theory as freedom and equality is inextricably linked to the concepts of power and influence, and because this is the only way how we can come to see the fundamental obstacles to a coherent interpretation and institutional realization of the idea of the democratic Rechtsstaat."" Rainer Schmalz-Bruns, Prof. of Political Theory, Darmstadt University of Technology"
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; The Concept of Power; The Concept of Influence; Power and Freedom; Social Power and Legal Power; Influence and Power: A Mess Transformed?
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 275-297) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402035098
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 245
    DDC: 501
    Keywords: Darwin, Charles ; Humanities ; Science History ; Genetic epistemology ; Psychology ; Science History ; Creativity ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Darwin, Charles 1809-1882 ; Kreativität ; Wissenschaft
    Abstract: Creativity, Psychology, and the History of Science offers for the first time a comprehensive overview of the oeuvre of Howard E. Gruber, who is noted for his contributions both to the psychology of creativity and to the history of science. The present book includes papers from a wide range of topics. In the contributions to creativity research, Gruber proposes his key ideas for studying creative work. Gruber focuses on how the thinking, motivation and affect of extraordinarily creative individuals evolve and how they interact over long periods of time. Gruber's approach bridges many disciplines and subdisciplines in psychology and beyond, several of which are represented in the present volume: cognitive psychology, developmental psychology, history of science, aesthetics, and politics. The volume thus presents a unique and comprehensive contribution to our understanding of the creative process. Many of Gruber's papers have not previously been easily accessible, they are presented here in thoroughly revised form.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Introduction: A Life with a Purpose; The Creative Person as a Whole; The Case Study That Started It All: Charles Darwin; Facets of the Creative Process: Insight, Point of View and Repetition; Modalities; Tracking The Ordinary Course of Development; Coping with the Extraordinary; Creativity in the Moral Domain; Peace and Further Conditions for Human Welfare
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [487]-517) and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9781402035524
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 70
    RVK:
    Keywords: Logic ; Humanities ; Genetic epistemology ; Law Philosophy ; Lehrbuch ; Juristische Logik ; Juristische Logik
    Abstract: Studies in Legal Logic is a collection of nine interrelated papers about the logic, epistemology and ontology of law. All of the papers were written after the publication of the author's Reasoning with Rules and supplement the issues addressed therein. Some of the papers are new, others have been revised substantially after the publication of their original versions. The emphasis is on analysis, not on logical technicalities.Studies in Legal Logic contains chapters about the nature of norms, the role of coherence in the law, the nature of defeasibility, the role of dialectics in law and artificial intelligence, the statics and dynamics of the law, and the consistency of rules. Moreover, it contains a new, simplified and yet more powerful version of Reason-based Logic and extensive examples of how it can be used for the analysis of legal reasoning. The examples deal with legal theory construction, case-based reasoning, and judicial proof.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Law and Defeasibility; Law and Coherence; Reason-Based Logic; Comparing Alternatives; Rule Consistency; What is a Norm?; Legal Statics and Legal Dynamics; Dialectical Models in Artificial Intelligence and Law; Legal Reasoning and Legal Integration
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [297]-318) and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400963405
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (320p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences a Yearbook 8
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 8
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; History.
    Abstract: I Introduction -- Science and Utopia: On the Social Ordering of the Future -- II Science and Utopia in History -- Science and Utopia: The History of a Dilemma -- Elias Artista: A Precursor of the Messiah in Natural Science -- The Explosion of the Circle: Science and Negative Utopia -- III Socialism, Science and Utopia -- From Utopia to Science? The Development of Socialist Theory between Utopia and Science -- Bogdanov’s Red Star: An Early Bolshevik Science Utopia -- IV Utopias in Practice -- Automata: A Masculine Utopia -- Making Dreams Come True — An Essay on the Role of Practical Utopias in Science -- Eugenic Utopias: Blueprints for the Rationalization of Human Evolution -- Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Robots: An Automatic End for Utopian Thought? -- V Utopian Modes -- Meddling with ‘Politicks’ — Some Conjectures about the Relationship between Science and Utopia -- Science and Power for What? -- Science and Utopia in Late 20th Century Pluralist Democracy, with a Special Reference to the U.S.A. -- Epilogue -- Vespers -- Name Index.
    Abstract: Just fifty years ago Julian Huxley, the biologist grandson of Thomas Henry Huxley, published a book which easily could be seen to represent the prevail­ ing outlook among young scientists of the day: If I were a Dictator (1934). The outlook is optimistic, the tone playfully rational, the intent clear - allow science a free hand and through rational planning it could bring order out of the surrounding social chaos. He complained, however: At the moment, science is for most part either an intellectual luxury or the paid servant of capitalist industry or the nationalist state. When it and its results cannot be fitted into the existing framework, it and they are ignored; and furthermore the structure of scientific research is grossly lopsided, with over-emphasis on some kinds of science and partial or entire neglect of others. (pp. 83-84) All this the scientist dictator would set right. A new era of scientific human­ ism would provide alternative visions to the traditional religions with their Gods and the civic religions such as Nazism and fascism. Science in Huxley's version carries in it the twin impulses of the utopian imagination - Power and Order. Of course, it was exactly this vision of science which led that other grand­ son of Thomas Henry Huxley, the writer Aldous Huxley, to portray scientific discovery as potentially subversive and scientific practice as ultimately en­ slaving.
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789401576994
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 147 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Monographs, Continued As Sociology of the Sciences Library 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Science—History.
    Abstract: Communities and Hierarchies: Structure in the Practice of Science and Technology -- Paradigms, Revolutions, and Technology -- Organizational Aspects of Technological Change -- Cognitive Change in Technology and Science -- Notes Towards a Philosophy of the Science/Technology Interaction -- The Structure of Technological Change: Reflections on a Sociological Analysis of Technology -- Author Index.
    Abstract: One of the ironies of our time is the sparsity of useful analytic tools for understanding change and development within technology itself. For all the diatribes about the disastrous effects of technology on modern life, for all the equally uncritical paeans to technology as the panacea for human ills, the vociferous pro- and anti-technology movements have failed to illuminate the nature of technology. On a more scholarly level, in the midst of claims by Marxists and non-Marxists alike about the technological underpinnings of the major social and economic changes of the last couple of centuries, and despite advice given to government and industry about managing science and technology by a small army of consultants and policy analysts, technology itself remains locked inside an impenetrable black box, a deus ex machina to be invoked when all other explanations of puzzling social and economic pheoomena fail. The discipline that has probably done most to penetrate that black box in recent years by studying the 1 internal development of technology is history. Historians of technology and certain economic historians have carried out careful and detailed studies on the genesis and impact of technological innovations, and the structu-re of the social systems associated with those innovations. Within the past few decades tentative consensus about the periodization and the major traditions within the history of technology has begun to emerge, at least as far as Britain and America in the eighteenth and nineteenth century are concerned.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400969865
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (352p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 2
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: The Influence of Darwinism on English Literature and Literary Ideas -- Evolution and Educational Theory in the Nineteenth Century -- Darwin and the Descent of Women -- Darwinism and Feminism: The ‘Woman Question’ in the Life and Work of Olive Schreiner and Charlotte Perkins Gilman -- Darwin and Philosophy Today -- Darwinism and Language -- Evolutionism and Arch(a)eology -- Heinrich Schenker’s Epistemology and Philosophy of Music: An Essay on the Relations Between Evolutionary Theory and Music Theory -- Evolution: The Whitworth Gun in Huxley’s War for the Liberation of Science from Theology -- Evolutionism Transformed: Positivists and Materialists in the Sociätä d’ Anthropologic de Paris from Second Empire to Third Republic -- Notes on Contributors -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: Only in fairly recent years has History and Philosophy of Science been recognized - though not always under that name - as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour. Previously, in the Australasian region as elsewhere, those few individuals working within this broad area of inquiry found their base, both intellectually and socially, where they could. In fact, the institutionalization of History and Philosophy of Science began compara­ tively early in Australia. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University of Melbourne immediately after the Second World War, in 1946, and other appointments followed as the subject underwent an expansion during the 1950s and '60s similar to that which took place in other parts of the world. Today there are major Departments at the University of Melbourne, the University of New South Wales and the University of Wollongong, and smaller groups active in many other parts of Australia, and in New Zealand. "Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science" aims to provide a distinctive publication outlet for Australian and New Zealand scholars working in the general area of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Each volume will comprise a group of essays on a connected theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. The series should, however, prove of more than merely local interest. Papers will address general issues; parochial topics will be avoided.
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789400970809
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 77
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 77
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Authors’ Introduction -- I. Case Studies -- Summary of Contributions -- Agricultural Chemistry. The Origin and Structure of a Finalized Science -- Autonomization and Finalization: A Comparison of Fermentation Research and Fluid Mechanics -- Cancer Research. A Study of Praxis-Related Theoretical Developments in Chemistry, the Biosciences and Medicine -- II. Theoretical Considerations -- Summary of Contributions -- Finalization Revisited -- The Scientification of Technology -- Normative Finalization -- III. Prospects -- Summary of Contributions -- Science in a Crisis of Legitimation -- Towards a Social Science of Nature -- Introductory Note -- The Finalization Debate: A Reply to our Critics. With a Bibliography of the Finalization Discussion and Debate -- Bibliography of the Finalization Discussion and Debate -- I. The anti-finalization campaign and debate in the media -- III. Contributions to the academic finalization discussion and debate -- Notes on Authors -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: These essays on Finalization in Science - The Social Orientation of Scientific Progress comprise a remarkable, problematic and controversial book. The authors propose a thesis about the social direction of scientific research which was the occasion of a lively and often bitter debate in Germany from 1976 to 1982. Their provocative thesis, briefly, is this: that modern science converges, historically, to the development of a number of 'closed theories', i. e. stable and relatively completed sciences, no longer to be improved by small changes but only by major changes in an entire theoretical structure. Further: that at such a stage of 'mature theory', the formerly viable norm of intra-scientific autonomy may appropriately be replaced by the social direction' of further scientific research (within such a 'mature' field) for socially relevant or, we may bluntly say, 'task-oriented' purposes. This is nothing less than a theory for the planning and social directing of science, under certain specific conditions. Understandably, it raised the sharp objections that such an approach would subordinate scientific inquiry as a free and untrammeled search for truth to the dictates of social relevance and dominant interests, even possibly to dictation and control for particularistic social and political interests.
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9789401576789
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 284 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Monographs 3
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences - Monographs, Continued As Sociology of the Sciences Library 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I: The Identification of Positivism -- 1. Introduction -- II: Antipositivism in the Philosophy of the Natural Sciences -- 2. The Antipositivism of Critical Rationalism -- 3. The Antipositivism of Critical Theory -- 4. The Antipositivism of Scientific Realism -- 5. Discussion: Antipositivism in the Philosophy of the Natural Sciences -- III: Antipositivism in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences -- 6. The Antipositivism of Critical Rationalism -- 7. The Antipositivism of Critical Theory -- 8. The Antipositivism of Scientific Realism -- 9. Discussion: Antipositivism in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences -- IV: Positivism, Antipositivism and Ideology -- 10. Positivism, Antipositivism and Ideology -- 11. The Concept of Ideology in Critical Rationalism -- 12. The Concept of Ideology in Critical Theory -- 13. The Concept of Ideology in Scientific Realism -- 14. Discussion: Positivism, Antipositivism and Ideology -- Notes.
    Abstract: The sciences are too important to be left exclusively to scientists, and indeed they have not been. The structure of scientific knowledge, the role of the sciences in society, the appropriate social contexts for the pursuit of scientific inquiry, have long been matters for reflection and debate about the sciences carried on both within academe and outside it. Even within the universities this reflection has not been the property of any single discipline. Philosophy might have been first in the field, but history and the social sciences have also entered the fray. For the latter, new problems came to the fore, since reflection on the sciences is, in the case of the social sciences, necessarily also reflection on themselves as sciences. Reflection on the natural sciences and self-reflection by the social sciences came to be dominated in the 1960s by the term 'positivism'. At the time when this word had been invented, the sciences were flourishing; their social and material environment had become increasingly favourable to scientific progress, and the sciences were pointing the way to an optimistic future. In the later twentieth century, however, 'positivism' came to be a word used more frequently by those less sure of nineteenth century certainties. In both sociology and philosophy, 'positivism' was now something to be rejected, and, symbolizing the collapse of an earlier consensus, it became itself the shibboleth of a new dissensus, as different groups of reflective thinkers, in rejecting 'positivism', rejected something different, and often rejected each other.
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789400970106
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (260p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Monographs 2
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences - Monographs, Continued As Sociology of the Sciences Library 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social history.
    Abstract: 1. The Social Construction of Science -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. The Theoretical Perspective Developed in this Book -- 2. What is Science? -- 2.1. The Need for Precise Definitions -- 2.2. Structure and Meaning in the Analysis of Science -- 2.3. Science and Its Sub-Universes of Meaning -- 2.4. Science as a System of Theoretical Production -- 2.5. Social Control in Science -- 2.6. Research -- 2.7. Types of Research: Basic Research vs. Practice Oriented Research -- 2.8. The Negotiation of Meaning in Science -- 2.9. Summary -- 3. Science and Professionalism -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Science and Professionalism -- 3.3. The Role of Autonomy in Science -- 3.4. Scientific Autonomy and Politics -- 3.5. The Inertia of Contemporary Science -- 3.6. The Professional Orientational Reference Group -- 3.7. The Context of Legitimation vs. the Context of Research -- 3.8. Professionalism and the Articulation of Beliefs in an Era of Resource Scarcity -- 4. Scientists Have Goals -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. The ‘Common-Sense’ Notion of Goals in Scientific Research -- 4.3. The Institutional Context of Goal Direction in the Physical Sciences -- 4.4. The Political Receptivity of Scientific Fields -- 4.5. What is a Goal? -- 4.6. What Are the Goals of Science? An Australian Case Study -- 5. Cognitive and Social Dimensions in the Analysis of Science -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Cognitive and Social Institutionalisation -- 5.3. The Cognitive Field of a Scientist -- 5.4. Cognitive Structures in the Context of Research -- 5.5. Operationalising Social and Cognitive Concepts -- 5.6. Some Methodological Observations About My Own Research -- 6. Research and Its Legitimation: Two Cognitively Oriented Case Studies -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Some Methodological Details -- 6.3. Case Study 1: The Selective Surfaces Research Group (SSG) -- 6.4. Case Study 2: The Dopamine/Octopamine Research Group (DOG) -- 6.5. Comparing the Two Case Studies -- 7. General Conclusions -- 7.1. Suggestions for Future Work -- Notes -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This book concerns the institutionalisation of the physical sciences. The book breaks with the established tradition in the history, philosophy and sociology of sciences by attempting to capture both the cognitive and social dimensions of institutionalisation in one unified analysis. This unifica­ tion has been achieved through a treatment of research as goal directed social action - a theme which has been developed both theoretically and empirically. The analysis presented is therefore unique in its breadth of focus and shows how the traditional concerns of sociology with generalised macro-structures of meaning and action can be related to the lifeworlds of individual scientists. The sociology of the sciences is still today a relative newcomer to the field of sciences studies which has traditionally been dominated by the history and philosophy of the sciences. I hope that this book reflects the excitement I experienced in being able to respond to the debates and concepts which erupted in that particularly fertile period follOwing the publication of Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions in 1962 - a period from which a cogni­ tively oriented sociology of the sciences was to emerge as a serious challenger to orthodoxies in the history, philosophy and sociology of sciences.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400970359
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences a Yearbook 7
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Law—History.
    Abstract: I The Natural Sciences -- On the Relation of Physical Science to History in Late Nineteenth-Century Germany -- Re-Reading the Past from the End of Physics: Maxwell’s Equations in Retrospect -- A Founder Myth in the History of Sciences? — The Lavoisier Case -- Redefinitions of a Discipline: Histories of Geology and Geological History -- The Role of Medical History in the History of Medicine in Germany -- II The Social Sciences -- On Merton’s “History” and “Systematics” of Sociological Theory -- The Self-Presentation of a Discipline: History of Psychology in the United States between Pedagogy and Scholarship -- The Uses of History for the Shaping of a Field: Observations on German Psychology -- Cultural Anthropology and the Paradigm-Concept: A Brief History of their Recent Convergence -- III The Humanities -- On the Relation of Disciplinary Development and Historical Self-Presentation — the Case of Classical Philology since the End of the Eighteenth Century -- Epilogue -- Name Index.
    Abstract: Edward Gibbon's allegation at the beginning of his Essay on the Study of Literature (1764) that the history of empires is that of the miseries of humankind whereas the history of the sciences is that of their splendour and happiness has for a long time been accepted by professional scientists and by historians of science alike. For its practitioner, the history of a discipline displayed above all the always difficult but fmally rewarding approach to a truth which was incorporated in the discipline in its actual fonn. Looking back, it was only too easy to distinguish those who erred and heretics in the field from the few forerunners of true science. On the one hand, the traditional history of science was told as a story of hero and hero worship, on the other hand it was, paradoxically enough, the constant attempt to remind the scientist whom he should better forget. It is not surprising at all therefore that the traditional history of science was a field of only minor interest for the practitioner of a distinct scientific diSCipline or specialty and at the same time a hardly challenging task for the professional historian. Nietzsche had already described the historian of science as someone who arrives late after harvest-time: it is somebody who is only a tolerated guest at the thanksgiving dinner of the scientific community .
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400971332
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 22
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 22
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: Introduction: from Rutherford to Hahn -- The Nuclear Electron Hypothesis -- The Evolution of Matter: Nuclear Physics, Cosmic Rays, and Robert Millikan’s Research Program -- The Discovery of Fission and a Nuclear Physics Paradigm -- Internal and External Conditions for the Discovery of Fission by the Berlin Team -- Otto Hahn, Science, and Social Responsibility -- The Politics of British Science in the Munich Era -- Why Hahn’s Radiothorium Surprised Rutherford in Montreal -- The Discovery of Uranium Z by Otto Hahn: The First Example of Nuclear Isomerism -- Nuclear Physics in Candada in the 1930s.
    Abstract: and less as the emanation unden\'ent radioactive decay, and it became motion­ less after about 30 seconds. Since this process was occurring very rapidly, Hahn and Sackur marked the position of the pointer on a scale with pencil marks. As a timing device they used a metronome that beat out intervals of approximately 1. 3 seconds. This simple method enabled them to determine that the half-life of the emanations of actinium and emanium were the same. Although Giesel's measurements had been more precise than Debierne's, the name of actinium was retained since Debierne had made the discovery first. Hahn now returned to his sample of barium chloride. He soon conjectured that the radium-enriched preparations must harbor another radioactive sub­ stance. The liquids resulting from fractional crystallization, which were sup­ posed to contain radium only, produced two kinds of emanation. One was the long-lived emanation of radium, the other had a short life similar to the emanation produced by thorium. Hahn tried to separate this substance by adding some iron to the solutions that should have been free of radium, but to no avail. Later the reason for his failure became apparent. The element that emitted the thorium emanation was constantly replenished by the ele­ ment believed to be radium. Hahn succeeded in enriching a preparation until it was more than 100,000 times as intensive in its radiation as the same quantity of thorium.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400977297
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (381p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences a Yearbook 6
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social history.
    Abstract: I Scientific and Other Establishments -- Scientific Establishments -- The Scientific Power Elite — a Chimera; The Deinstitutionalization and Politicization of Science -- The Hallmarks of Science and Scholasticism: A Historical Analysis -- Advice from a Scientific Establishment: the National Academy of Sciences -- II Establishments and Hierarchies in the Development of Scientific Knowledge -- Giving Life a New Meaning: The Rise of the Molecular Biology Establishment -- Two Scientific Establishments which Shape the Pattern of Cancer Research in Germany: Basic Science and Medicine -- Development and Establishment in Artificial Intelligence -- The Development of Restrictedness in the Sciences -- Scientific Disciplines and Organizational Specificity: the Social and Cognitive Configuration of Laboratory Activities -- III Establishing Boundaries and Hierarchies in the Sciences -- On the Autonomy of Pure Science: The Construction and Maintenance of Barriers between Scientific Establishments and Popular Culture -- Research Trails and Science Policies: Local and Extra-Local Negotiation of Scientific Work -- The Establishment and Structure of the Sciences as Reputational Organizations.
    Abstract: In recent years sociologists of sciences have become more interested in scien­ tific elites, in the way they direct and control the development of sciences and, beyond that, in which the organization of research facilities and resources generally affects research strategies and goals. In this volume we focus on scientific establishments and hierarchies as a means of bringing aspects of these concerns together in their historical and comparative contexts. These terms draw attention to the fact that much scientific work has been pursued within a highly specific organizational setting, that of universities and aca­ demic research institutes. The effects of this organizational setting as well as its power relations, and its resources in relation to governmental and other non-scientific establishments in society at large, deserve closer attention. One significant aspect of scientific establishments and hierarchies and of the power relations impinging upon scientific research, is the fact that the bulk of leading scientists have the professional career, qualifications and status of a professor. As heads or senior members of departments, institutes and laboratories, professors form the ruling groups of scientific work. They are the main defenders of scientific - or departmental - autonomy, accept or resist innovations in their field, play a leading part in fighting scientific controversies or establishing consensus. Even where research units are not directly controlled by professors, authority structures usually remain strongly hierarchical. These hierarchies too deserve attention in any explora­ tion of the social characteristics of scientific knowledge and its production.
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9789400975170
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (728p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Stichting Foundation Rembrandt Research Project 1
    Series Statement: Rembrandt Research Project Foundation 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Arts.
    Abstract: Since the second half of the last century art historians, realizing that the image of Rembrandt’s work had become blurred with time, have attempted to redefine the artist’s significance both as a source of inspiration to other artists and as a great artist in his own right. In order to carry on the work started by previous generations, a group of leading Dutch art historians from the university and museum world joined forces in the late 1960s in order to study afresh the paintings usually ascribed to the artist. The researchers came together in the Rembrandt Research Project which was established to provide the art world with a new standard reference work which would serve the community of art historians for the nearby and long future. They examined the originals of all works attributed to Rembrandt taking full advantage of today’s sophisticated techniques including radiography, neutron activation autoradiography, dendrochronology and paint sample analysis - thereby gaining valuable insight into the genesis and condition of the paintings. The result of this meticulous research is laid down chronologically in the following Volumes: THIS VOLUME: A Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings, Volume I, which deals with works from Rembrandt’s early years in Leiden(1629-1631), published in 1982. A Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings, Volume II, covering his first years in Amsterdam (1631-1634), published in 1986. A Corpus of Rembrandt Paintings, Volume III, goes into his later years of reputation (1635-1642), published in 1990. Each Volume consists of a number of Introductory Chapters as well as the full Catalogue of all paintings from the given time period attributed to Rembrandt. In this catalogue each painting is discussed and examined in a detailed way, comprising a descriptive, an interpretative and a documentary section. For the authenticity evaluation of the paintings three different categories are used to divide the works in: A. Paintings by Rembrandt, B. Paintings of which Rembrandt’s authorship cannot be positively either accepted or rejected, and C. Paintings of which Rembrandt’s authorship cannot be accepted. This volume (Volume I) contains 730 pages, starting of with four introductory chapters and discussing 93 paintings. In clear and accessible explanatory text all different paintings are discussed, larded with immaculate images of each painting. Details are shown where possible, as well as the results of modern day technical imaging. In this volume the f ...
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9789400979567
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (334p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Monographs 1
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences - Monographs, Continued As Sociology of the Sciences Library 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; History.
    Abstract: One: Introduction to the Cognitive View -- 1. The Development of the Cognitive View -- 2. World Views and Models -- 3. Positivism as a Monadic View -- 4. Logical Positivism: A Structural View -- 5. Contexts of Science: Sciences of Science -- 6. The Cognitive View on Science: Paradigms -- Two: The Social Structure of Science -- 7. Bibliometrics and the Structure of Science -- 8. Informal Groups and the Origin of Networks -- 9. The Life Cycle of Scientific Specialties -- Three: Cognitive Structure and Dynamics of Science -- 10. Paradigms and the Psychology of Attention and Perception -- 11. Puzzle-solving and Reorganization of World Views -- 12. Conservation and the Dynamics of Conceptual Systems -- Epilogue -- Notes.
    Abstract: The growing importance of the sciences in industrialised societies has been acknowledged by the increasing number of studies concerned with their development, change and control. In the past 20 or so years there has been a considerable growth in teaching and research programmes dealing with science and technology policy, science and society, sociology and history of science and similar areas which has resulted in much new material about the production and validation of scientific knowledge. In addition to the quanti­ tative growth of this literature, there has also been a substantial shift in the problems addressed and approaches adopted. In particular, the substantive content of scientific knowledge has become the focus of many historical and sociological studies which seek to understand how knowledges develop and change in different social circumstances. Instead of taking the privileged epistemological status of scientific knowledge for granted, recent approaches have emphasised the socially contingent nature of knowledge production and validation and the pluralistic nature of the sciences. Parallel to these develop­ ments, there has been a shift in the treatment of science by the state, business and public pressure groups. Increasingly they have sought to control the direction of research, and thus the content of knowledge, directly rather than simply applying existing knowledge. Science has become amenable to social control and influence. Its sacred status has declined and it is increasingly viewed as a socially constituted phenomenon which can be studied in a similar manner to other cultural products.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789400977402
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness, and Healing, Studies in Comparative Cross-Cultural Research 3
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness and Healing 3
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Humanities ; Logic ; Anthropology
    Abstract: 1: Introduction -- 1.1. The Study -- 1.2. The Setting -- 1.3. Methodology -- 1.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Health Care Decisions -- 2: The Cultural Context of Therapeutic Choice -- 2.1. Bariba Conceptions of the Order of the Universe -- 2.2. Diagnosis and Treatment -- 2.3. Divination -- 2.4. The Use of Substances -- 2.5. Medicines -- 3: Beliefs and Practices Surrounding Reproductive Processes -- 3.1. Menstruation and Clitoridectomy -- 3.2. Conception -- 3.3. Development of Fetus -- 3.4. Contraception -- 3.5. Abortion -- 3.6. Sterility -- 4: Status Among the Bariba: The Roles and Responsibilities of Women -- 4.1. Status in Bariba Society -- 4.2. Position of Women -- 4.3. Economic Subsistence -- 4.4. Political Arena -- 4.5. Domestic Relations -- 4.6. Household Responsibilities -- 5: Sociological and Career Attributes of Midwives -- 5.1. Healers: Midwives and Medicine People -- 5.2. Implications of Role Expectations for Birth Assistance -- 5.3. Recruitment of Matrones and Method of Skill Acquisition -- 5.4. Sources of Medical Knowledge -- 5.5. Matrones Own Reproductive Histories -- 5.6. Age at Unsupervised Delivery -- 5.7. Assistance at Own Child’s Delivery -- 5.8. Remuneration -- 5.9. Comprehensive Care by Matrones -- 5.10. Pregnancy Counseling -- 5.11. Matrone’s Role Variability -- 5.12. Spirit Possession -- 5.13. Inheritance of Spirits -- 5.14. Healing and Sambani -- 5.15. The Matrone Prototype -- 6: The Meaning of Efficacy in Relation to Obstetrical Care Preferences -- 7: Birth Assistance in the Rural Area: Patterns of Delivery Assistance -- 7.1. Delivery Assistance: Patterns of Selection in the Rural Area -- 7.2. Midwifery as a Therapeutic System -- 7.3. Structured Interviews with Matrones -- 8: Client-Practitioner Encounters -- 8.1.1. The Case of Adama -- 8.1.2. The Case of Sako -- 8.1.3. The Case of the Prolapsed Cord -- 8.1.4. The Case of the Terrifying Breech 120 -- 8.1.5 The Case of Bona -- 8.2. Pain as a Cultural Phenomenon -- 8.3. Pregnancy (by Nicole) -- 8.4. Conclusion -- 9: Utilization of National Health Services for Maternity Care in the District of Kouande -- 9.1. Clinic vs. Home Delivery: A Pehunko Sample -- 9.2. Utilization of the Pehunko Dispensary -- 9.3. Pehunko Women at the Kouande Maternity Clinic -- 9.4. The Kouande Maternity Clinic: General Utilization -- 10: Conclusion -- 10.1. Implications of the Bariba Study for the Cross-Cultural Study of Midwifery -- 10.2. The Involvement of Indigenous Midwives in National Health Systems -- 10.3. Training Programs -- Appendices -- Appendix A: Demographic Data -- Appendix B: Female Circumcision Songs -- Notes.
    Abstract: This book examines the factors influencing women's choices of obstetrical care in a Bariba community in the People's Republic of Benin, West Africa. When selecting a research topic, I decided to investigate health care among the Bariba for several reasons. First, I had served as a Peace Corps Volunteer in northern Benin (then Dahomey) and had established a network of contacts in the region. In addition, I had worked for a year as assistant manager of a pharmacy in a northern town and had become interested in the pattern of utilization of health care services by urban residents. This three-year residence proved an invaluable asset in preparing and conducting research in the northern region. In particular, I was able to establish relationships with several indigenous midwives whose families I already knew both from prior research experience and mutual friend­ ships. These relationships enabled me to obtain detailed information regarding obstetrical practice and thus form the foundation of this book. The fieldwork upon which the book is directly based was conducted between June 1976 and December 1977 and sponsored by the F ord-Rockefeller Popula­ tion Policy Program, the Social Science Research Council, the National Science Foundation, and the FUlbright-Hays Doctoral Dissertation Research Program. The Ford-Rockefeller Population Policy Program funded the project as a collab­ oration between myself and Professor Eusebe Alihonou, Professor Agrege (Gynecologie-Obstetrique) at the National University of Benin.
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789401717243
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 270 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Reeves, Marjorie REVIEWS 1983
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Bitton, Davis [Rezension von: Kuntz, Marion L., Guillaume Postel: Prophet of the Restitution of All Things. His Life and Thought...] 1983
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives Internationales d’Histoire des Idees 98
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 98
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; History
    Abstract: One: Viator -- Two: Comprehensor -- Three: Congregator.
    Abstract: Gui 11 aume Postel was undoubtedly one of the most remarkab 1 e and interesting scholars and thinkers of the sixteenth century. His know­ ledge of Hebrew and Arabic was rare among his contemporaries, as was his study and use of the Rabbinical, Cabalistic and Islamic literature pre­ served in these languages. His attempt to harmonize Christian, Jewish and Mbhammedan thought give him an important place in the history of re­ ligious tolerance, whereas his prophecies about a universal religion and a universal monarchy seem to anticipate more recent ideas of a world state and of general peace. In his prophecies, Postel assigned a unique role to himself and to a pious 1 ady whom he met in Venice and whom he lavishly praises in all his later writings. Admired and respected by many contemporary scholars and princes in France, Italy and Germany, he also aroused the suspicions of the religious and political authorities of his time who considered him dangerous but mad and thus spared his life, but confined him to a monastery for many years. His numerous writ­ ings survive in rare editions and manuscripts, and the later copies of some of his works show that he continued to be read and to exercise much influence down to the eighteenth century.
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401576604
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 145 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Historical Library, Texts and Studies in the History of Logic and Philosophy 21
    Series Statement: Synthese Historical Library 21
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; History
    Abstract: 1 / Absolute and Relational Theories of Space -- 2 / Kant’s Leibnizian Heritage -- 3 / Incongruent Counterparts and the Nature of Space -- 4 / Incongruent Counterparts and the Nature of Sensibility -- 5 / Incongruent Counterparts and Things in Themselves -- 6 / Kant’s Metaphysics of Space and Motion -- Conclusion / The Significance of Incongruent Counterparts.
    Abstract: Kantian transcendental idealism is the thesis that fundamental aspects of experience are contributed by the perceiving subject rather than by the things experienced, and are not features of things as they exist independently of sensible perceivers. This is undoubtedly the most striking and at the same time the most puzzling of Kant's Critical views. It is striking because nothing could be less commonsensical than the beliefthat things as we perceive them have nothing in common with things as they are independently ofbeing per­ ceived. From a more technical point of viewthe doctrine is puzzling because Kant apparently does not support it very well. Beginning with Kant's con­ temporaries, critics have pointed out that among all the arguments for the theory in the CritiqueofPureReason, none entails the conclusion that things in themselves cannot be like objects of sense experience in any way. So, for example, although transcendental idealism is compatible with Kant's theory of synthetic a priori knowledge, there is nothing in the analysis of the syn­ thetic a priori ruling out the possibility that features contributed to experi­ ence by the perceiving subject correspond to characteristics of things in them­ selves, although we might never know this to be so. And even though Kant sees transcendental idealism as a solution to the Antinomies, this is at best indirect support for the view;there are undoubtedly other ways to get around these traditional metaphysical puzzles.
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9789400984295
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (287p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences a Yearbook 5
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 5
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Civilization—History.
    Abstract: A Programmatic Attempt at an Anthropology of Knowledge -- On the Boundaries of Science in Seventeenth-Century England -- What Should We Do with the Monster?: Electromagnetism and the Psychosociology of Knowledge -- Science and Modern Chinese Culture -- The Meaning Context of Illness and Care: Reflections on a Central Theme in the Anthropology of Medicine -- The Semantics of Medical Discourse -- The Necessity of Field Methods in the Study of Scientific Research -- Anthropological Perspectives in the Sociology of Science.
    Abstract: Anthropological approaches to the sciences have developed as part of a broader tradition concerned about the place of the sciences in today's world and in some basic sense concerned with questions about the legitimacy of the sciences. In the years since the second World War, we have seen the emergence of a number of different attempts both to analyze and to cope with the successes of the sciences, their broad penetration into social life, and the sense of problem and crisis that they have projected. Among the of movements concerned about the earlier responses were the development social responsibility of scientists and technological practitioners. There is little doubt that this was a direct outgrowth of the role of science in the war epitomized by the successful construction and catastrophic use of the atomic bomb. The recognition of the deep social utility of science, and especially its role as an instrument of war, fostered curiosity about the earlier develop­ ment of scientific disciplines and institutional forms. The history of science as an explicit diSCipline with full-time practitioners can be seen as an attempt to locate science in temporal space - first in its intellectual form and second­ ly in its institutional or social form. The sociology of science, while certainly having roots in the pre-war work of Robert K.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400991095
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (356p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences A Yearbook 4
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Social history.
    Abstract: I Discovery Accounts -- The Interaction between Theory and Data in Science -- The Scientist as an Analogical Reasoner: A Critique of the Metaphor Theory of Innovation -- Is it Possible to Reconstruct the Research Process? Sociology of a Brain Peptide -- II Discovery Acceptance -- Theoreticians and the Production of Experimental Anomaly: The Case of Solar Neutrinos -- The Role of Interests in High-Energy Physics: The Choice between Charm and Colour -- The Effects of Social Context on the Process of Scientific Investigation: Experimental Tests of Quantum Mechanics -- On the Construction of Creativity: The ‘Memory Transfer’ Phenomenon and the Importance of Being Earnest -- III The Research Process -- Struggles and Negotiations to Define What is Problematic and What is Not: The Sociologic Translation -- The Development of an Interdisciplinary Project -- IV Writing Public Accounts -- Discovery: Logic and Sequence in a Scientific Text -- Contexts of Scientific Discourse: Social Accounting in Experimental Papers -- V The Context of Scientific Investigation -- The Context of Scientific Investigation.
    Abstract: practice, some of which is translated into the standard forms of public discourse, in publication, and then retranslated by readers and adapted again to local practice at self-selected other sites. Less may be left implicit, and additional personal and contextual information is carried, by the "informal" methods of communication which mediate local projects and international publication. But both methods of communication are screens as well as conduits of information. History and Background of the Volume When the planning of this volume began in the spring of 1977, it seemed a natural part of the mandate for the Yearbook. There had also been a number of more specific calls for deeper studies of research in social and historical context (3). These calls can be seen as giving permission and legitimacy to ask questions otherwise seen as irrelevant, or even disrespectful, and as attempts to develop new perspectives from which to ask and to answer them. The implied and expressed irreverence toward traditions and institutions of great respect may have prolonged this process of initial apologetics. In any case, in May 1977 the theme of 'The Social Process of Scientific Investigation' was proposed to the Editorial Board for Volume IV as "the heart of the subject. " That is, the ethnographic and detailed historical study of actual scientific activity and thinking at or close to the work site.
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