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  • 2010-2014  (108)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (108)
  • Altmisevler : KOSGEB Small and Medium Industry Development Organization
  • Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press
  • Employment  (108)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report: Austria 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264300255
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD skills strategy diagnostic report
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Bildungswesen ; Bildungspolitik ; Weiterbildung ; Österreich ; Education ; Employment ; Austria ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Skills are central to Austria’s future prosperity and the well-being of its people. The OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report: Austria identifies 14 skills challenges for Austria. The project and this report build on both the insights from workshops as well as latest international comparative analysis from OECD and national sources. The report provides cases illustrating how other countries have tackled similar challenges, which can be used as input to potential policy options on how to tackle these challenges. The challenges are described under each of the main pillars of the OECD Skills Strategy. The first 11 challenges refer to specific outcomes across the three pillars of developing, activating and using skills. The next three challenges refer to the “enabling” conditions which strengthen the overall skills system. Success in tackling these skills challenges will boost performance across the whole skills system.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264300255-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Jobs for Immigrants (Vol. 4) : Labour Market Integration in Italy (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264214712
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lavoro per gli immigrati; L'integrazione nel mercato del lavoro in Italia
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jobs for immigrants ; Vol. 4: Labour market integration in Italy
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migranten ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Soziale Integration ; Italien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Italy ; Bericht ; Italien ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Soziale Integration
    Abstract: Until the mid-1990s, the share of migrants in Italy was relatively low in international comparison. With a persistent demand for foreign workers in low-skilled and low-paid jobs, the proximity of conflict areas and the enlargement of the European Union to Romania and Bulgaria in 2007, migration to Italy increased rapidly over the last 15 years. This report presents an overview of the skills and qualifications of immigrants in Italy, their key labour market outcomes in international comparison, and their evolution over time, given the highly segmented Italian labour market and its high share of informal jobs. It analyses the framework for integration and the main integration policy instruments. Special attention is paid to funding issues and to the distribution of competences between national and sub-national actors. Finally, this report reviews the integration at school and the school-to-work transition of the children of immigrants
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264214712-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Matching Economic Migration with Labour Market Needs (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264216501
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (384 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gérer les migrations économiques pour mieux répondre aux besoins du marché du travail
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Matching economic migration with labour market needs
    Keywords: Regionale Arbeitsmobilität ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Arbeitsnachfrage ; Matching ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Forschungsbericht ; OECD ; Europäische Union ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: This publication gathers the papers presented at the “OECD-EU dialogue on mobility and international migration: matching economic migration with labour market needs” (Brussels, 24-25 February 2014), a conference jointly organised by the European Commission and the OECD. It provides new evidence on the role that international migration has played in Europe and in selected other OECD countries over the past decade in terms of labour force; educational attainment; and occupational changes. It analyses the availability and use of migrants’ skills based on an in-depth literature review as well as new data analyses for Europe and the United States, Canada and the OECD as a whole, taking advantage of the International Survey of Adult Skills – PIAAC. Finally, several chapters discuss the potential role of international migration in meeting current and future labour market needs in Europe, in the United States and in the European Union. This work shows that although migration can make an important contribution to labour force growth, its role in counterbalancing the effects of population ageing will depend on the capacity of countries to match labour needs to migrants’ characteristics.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264216501-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Employment and Skills Strategies in the Czech Republic (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208957
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in the Czech Republic
    RVK:
    QG 477
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Qualifikation ; Bildungspolitik ; Tschechien ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Czech Republic ; Tschechien ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Bildungspolitik ; Betriebliche Ausbildung
    Abstract: This review looks at a range of institutions and bodies involved in employment and skills policies in the Czech Republic, focusing on local strategies on the Ústí nad Labem and South Moravian regions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208957-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making Economic Growth more Socially Inclusive in Germany (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (38 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1175
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Germany
    Abstract: While past labour market reforms have been successful in terms of employment, the relative poverty risk and income inequality have remained broadly unchanged in recent years. Some social groups remain particularly vulnerable, including individuals in non-regular employment, the unemployed and the low skilled. If in employment, their jobs tend to be unstable and wages and income mobility low. Continued efforts are needed to foster economic growth in a more inclusive manner, such that the most vulnerable groups benefit from and contribute to economic growth more strongly and such that the gaps between the rich and the poor in terms of income and wellbeing are reduced. These efforts should include enhancing the labour market outcomes of the most vulnerable and increase upward income mobility among disadvantaged individuals; strengthening skills at the lower end of the skills distribution; revising the tax and benefit system to improve incentives and to ensure efficient and well-targeted redistribution; and to make health and old-age pension insurance more inclusive. This working paper relates to the 2014 OECD Economic Survey of Germany (http://www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-germany.htm).
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrmdjk28kg-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Employment and Skills Strategies in Australia (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264207899
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in Australia
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Australien ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Australia
    Abstract: Employment and Skills Strategies in Australia focuses on the role of local employment and training agencies in contributing to job creation and productivity. It looks at the role of Local Employment Coordinators, introduced by the Department of Employment to work in 20 "priority employment areas" which were identified as needing extra assistance following the global financial crisis. This report is part of a comparative OECD review of local job creation policies, which explores how countries are putting measures in place at the local level to stimulate quality employment, social inclusion and growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264207899-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Stratégies d'emploi et de compétences au Canada (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264211612
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Revues de l'OCDE sur la création locale d'emplois
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Employment and Skills Strategies in Canada
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Canada
    Abstract: Ce rapport se fonde sur l’analyse de données infranationales et sur la consultation de parties prenantes locales dans quatre régions d’étude et deux provinces. Il établit un cadre de comparaison permettant d’appréhender le rôle de l’échelon local en faveur d’emplois plus nombreux et de meilleure qualité. Il pourra aider les responsables des politiques fédérales, provinciales et locales au Canada à bâtir au niveau local des partenariats efficaces et pérennes, porteurs de synergies et de résultats plus solides du point de vue des mesures prises pour l’emploi, la formation et le développement économique. Des politiques coordonnées peuvent aider les travailleurs à trouver l’emploi qui leur convient tout en stimulant l’entrepreneuriat et la productivité, et aboutir ainsi à une meilleure qualité de vie et à plus de prospérité aussi bien au niveau local que, globalement, dans le pays.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264211612-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report: Norway 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264298781
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (203 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Bildungswesen ; Bildungspolitik ; Weiterbildung ; Norwegen ; Education ; Employment ; Norway ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Skills are central to Norway’s future prosperity and the well-being of its people. This diagnostic report identifies 12 skills challenges for Norway which were distilled from a series of interactive diagnostic workshops held in the course of 2013 with a wide range of stakeholders in Oslo, Buskerud County and Nordland County. The OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report: Norway draws upon a wide range of OECD comparative data and analysis to illustrate each skills challenge and offers insights from the experience of other countries in tackling similar skills challenges. The first nine skills challenges refer to specific outcomes across the three pillars of developing, activating and using skills. The last three skills challenges refer to the “enabling” conditions which strengthen the overall skills system.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264298781-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Connecting People with Jobs : Activation Policies in the United Kingdom (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264217188
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Series Statement: Connecting People with Jobs
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Connecting people with jobs
    Keywords: Aktivierende Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Großbritannien ; Employment ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This report examines recent activation policies in the United Kingdom aimed at moving people back into work. It offers insight into how countries can improve the effectiveness of their employment services and also control spending on benefits. The United Kingdom's policies have helped limit the rise in unemployment during the crisis. It has been at the forefront of reform efforts by OECD countries to transform and modernise policies designed to help the unemployed find work, through major new programmes such as Universal Credit and the Work Programme. Although time is needed for these to gain momentum as well as for a full evaluation of their impact to be carried out, the report identifies a number of areas where consideration should be given to additional measures or adjustments to existing ones.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264217188-en
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Employment and Skills Strategies in the United States (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264209398
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in the United States
    Keywords: Erwerbstätigkeit ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; USA ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; United States
    Abstract: How to stimulate growth and support job creation are two critical challenges that countries confront following the global financial crisis. The Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme of the OECD has developed international cross-comparative reviews on local job creation policies to examine the contribution of local labour market policy to boosting quality employment. Each country review examines the capacity of employment services and training providers to contribute to a long-term strategy which strengthens the resiliency of the local economy, increases skills levels and job quality. This report looks at the range of institutions and bodies involved in workforce and skills development in two states – California and Michigan. In-depth fieldwork focused on two local Workforce Investment Boards in each state: the Sacramento Employment and Training Agency (SETA); the Northern Rural and Training and Employment Consortium (NoRTEC); the Southeast Michigan Community Alliance (SEMCA); and the Great Lakes Bay Michigan Works. The report concludes with a number of recommendations and actions to promote job creation at the federal, state and local levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264209398-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santé mentale et emploi : Suisse (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264205192
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Series Statement: Santé mentale et emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mental Health and Work; Switzerland
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Psychische Gesundheit und Beschäftigung; Schweiz
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, la gestion des problèmes de santé mentale dans la population d’âge actif devient un enjeu essentiel pour les politiques sociales et du marché du travail. Les gouvernements de ces pays sont de plus en plus nombreux à reconnaître que les pouvoirs publics ont un rôle important à jouer pour maintenir au travail les personnes souffrant de troubles mentaux ou pour faciliter la réintégration de celles qui sont sorties du marché de l’emploi, ainsi que pour prévenir l’apparition de ce type de troubles. Ce rapport relatif à la Suisse est le cinquième d’une série de travaux analysant l’approche adoptée par différents pays de l’OCDE face aux défis plus larges, décrits dans la publication Mal-être au travail ? Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l’emploi (OCDE, 2012), auxquels sont confrontés les pouvoirs publics en matière d’éducation, de santé, de politique sociale et d’emploi.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264205192-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Norway 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264226135
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Norwegen ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway ; Norwegen ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Migration
    Abstract: Norway is characterised by very high levels of migration from within the European Economic Area (EEA) and growing but small scale labour migration from countries outside the EEA. In this context, the challenge for managing discretionary labour migration is to ensure it complements EEA flows. High-skilled workers who come to Norway often leave, even if their employer would like to keep them. Norway has many international students, but most appear to leave at graduation or in the years that follow. The spouses of skilled migrants – usually educated and talented themselves – face challenges in finding employment, and this may cause the whole family to leave. Key industries in smaller population centres wonder how they will source talent in the future. This review examines these aspects of the Norwegian labour migration system. It considers the efficiency of procedures and whether the system is capable of meeting demand. It looks at several policy measures that were implemented and withdrawn, and assesses how these and other mechanisms could be better applied. The characteristics and behaviour of past labour migrants is examined to suggest means of encouraging promising immigrants to remain, and how Norway might attract the specific labour migrants from which it can most benefit in the future.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264226135-en
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  • 13
    Online Resource
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    Mental Health and Work: Netherlands (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264223301
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Niederlande ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands ; Niederlande ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on the Netherlands is the seventh in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264223301-en
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Employment and Skills Strategies in Canada (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264209374
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stratégies d'emploi et de compétences au Canada
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in Canada
    Keywords: Erwerbstätigkeit ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Kanada ; Ontario (Provinz) ; Quebec (Provinz) ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Canada
    Abstract: This report delivers evidence-based and practical recommendations on how to better support employment and economic development in Canada. It builds on sub-national data analysis and consultations with local stakeholders in four case study areas across Ontario and Quebec. It provides a comparative framework to understand the role of the local level in contributing to more and better quality jobs. The report can help federal, provincial, local policy makers in Canada build effective and sustainable partnerships at the local level, which join-up efforts and achieve stronger outcomes across employment, training, and economic development policies. Co-ordinated policies can help workers find suitable jobs, while also stimulating entrepreneurship and productivity, which increases the quality of life and prosperity within a community as well as throughout the country.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264209374-en
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  • 15
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    Gérer les migrations économiques pour mieux répondre aux besoins du marché du travail (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264217027
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (424 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Matching Economic Migration with Labour Market Needs
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cette publication présente de nouvelles illustrations de l’influence des migrations internationales en Europe et dans quelques autres pays de l’OCDE sur la population active ; sur les niveaux d’éducation ; et sur l’évolution de la distribution des professions au cours de la dernière décennie. Elle analyse les compétences dont disposent les migrants et la façon dont elles sont utilisées sur la base d’une revue approfondie de la littérature ; et présente de nouvelles analyses des données européennes et américaines , canadiennes et de l’OCDE en général en se basant sur les données de l’Évaluation des compétences des adultes – PIAAC. Enfin, plusieurs chapitres discutent du rôle que les migrations internationales pourraient jouer pour répondre aux besoins de main-d’oeuvre présents et futurs en Europe, aux États-Unis et dans l’Union européenne. Ces travaux montrent que si les migrations peuvent contribuer de façon importante à l’accroissement de la population active, leur capacité à contrer les effets du vieillissement de la population dépendront de la capacité des pays à mettre en adéquation les besoins en main-d’oeuvre avec les caractéristiques des migrants. Dans ce domaine, des efforts doivent être réalisés pour mieux utiliser les compétences des migrants et adapter les systèmes de gestion des migrations de travail aux besoins des employeurs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264217027-fr
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  • 16
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    Employment and Skills Strategies in Ireland (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264207912
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in Ireland
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Irland ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Ireland
    Abstract: Employment and Skills Strategies in Ireland focuses on the role of local employment and training agencies in contributing to job creation and productivity. This report looks at the range of institutions and bodies involved in employment and skills policies, focusing on local activities in the Dublin and South East regions. It can help national, regional and local policy makers in Ireland build effective and sustainable partnerships at the local level, which join-up efforts and achieve stronger outcomes across employment, training, and economic development policies. The report is part of a comparative OECD review of local job creation policies, which explores how countries are putting measures in place at the local level to stimulate quality employment, social inclusion and growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264207912-en
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  • 17
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    Entrepreneurial Activities in Europe - Entrepreneurship for People with Disabilities (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (30 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Employment Policy Papers no.6
    Keywords: Employment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Disability impacts a large number of people – approximately 16 % of the working age population in the EU is afflicted with a long-standing health problem or disability (European Commission, 2007). And this number will grow as the population ages in industrialised countries due to the associated increased susceptibility to mental and physical disorders (Lutz et al., 2011; Pascarelli et al., 2001). Disabilities are extremely diverse and are not a fixed characteristic of individuals. Many disabilities are invisible to the eye yet popular stereotypes of disabled people as permanent wheelchair users or as blind from birth persist.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrcmkcxjq4-en
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  • 18
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    Migración internacional : El lado humano de la globalización (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264205086
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Esenciales OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Migration; The Human Face of Globalisation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les migrations internationales ; Le visage humain de la mondialisation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Internationale Migration; Die menschliche Seite der Globalisierung
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cerca de 190 millones de personas en el mundo viven fuera de su país natal. Estos migrantes aportan energía, espíritu empresarial e ideas frescas a nuestras sociedades. Pero el asunto tiene desventajas: jóvenes migrantes que fracasan en el ámbito educativo, adultos que no encuentran empleo y, por supuesto, la migración irregular. Estos retos pueden hacer que la migración se convierta en un pararrayos político y en tema de un acalorado debate. A partir de los conocimientos especializados de la OCDE, singulares en este terreno, en la presente obra se avanza más allá de la retórica para analizar las realidades de la migración internacional en nuestros días: ¿de dónde provienen y a dónde van los migrantes?, ¿cómo gestionan la migración los gobiernos?, ¿cuán bueno es el desempeño de los migrantes en la educación y en la fuerza de trabajo? y ¿ayuda —u obstaculiza— la migración a los países en desarrollo?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264205086-es
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  • 19
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    Employment and Skills Strategies in Korea (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264216563
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in Korea
    Keywords: Erwerbstätigkeit ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Südkorea ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: With the rising economic importance of human resources and skills, employment and training agencies are now often expected to play a more important role in local strategies to support new creation, facilitate restructuring and increase productivity. The OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme has developed an international cross-comparative study examining the contribution of local labour market policy to boosting quality employment and enhancing productivity. In Korea, the review has looked at the range of institutions and bodies involved in employment and skills policies, focusing on local strategies in the Bucheon and Busan regions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264216563-en
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  • 20
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    Lavoro per gli immigrati : L'integrazione nel mercato del lavoro in Italia (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264216570
    Language: Italian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (153 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jobs for Immigrants (Vol. 4); Labour Market Integration in Italy
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Italy
    Abstract: Fino alla metà degli anni Novanta, la percentuale degli immigrati in Italia era relativamente bassa nel confronto internazionale. L’immigrazione verso l’Italia è cresciuta rapidamente durante gli ultimi quindici anni. Tale crescita è riconducibile a una persistente domanda di lavoratori stranieri per posti di lavoro poco qualificati e poco remunerati, alla vicinanza delle zone di conflitto e all’allargamento dell’Unione europea alla Romania e la Bulgaria, avvenuto nel 2007. Questo rapporto presenta una visione d’insieme delle competenze e delle qualifiche degli immigrati in Italia, dei loro principali risultati nel mercato del lavoro paragonati a quelli degli altri Paesi a livello internazionale e della loro evoluzione nel tempo, tenendo conto della forte segmentazione del mercato del lavoro italiano e dell’alta percentuale di posti di lavoro informali. Il rapporto analizza la struttura di riferimento e i principali strumenti d’intervento per l’integrazione. Dedica una particolare attenzione al finanziamento e alla distribuzione delle competenze tra responsabili a livello nazionale e subnazionale. Infine, esamina l’integrazione scolastica e la transizione scuola-lavoro dei figli degli immigrati
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264216570-it
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    Investing in Youth: Brazil (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208988
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: Investing in Youth
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investing in youth
    Keywords: Jugendpolitik ; Bildungsinvestition ; Bildungspolitik ; Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Brasilien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Brazil
    Abstract: This report provides a detailed diagnosis of the youth labour market and education system in Brazil. It takes an international comparative perspective, offering policy options to help improve school-to-work transitions. It also provides an opportunity for other countries to learn from the innovative measures that Brazil has taken to strengthen the skills of youth and their employment outcomes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208988-en
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  • 22
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    Recruiting Immigrant Workers: New Zealand 2014 (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264215658
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    DDC: 325
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Neuseeland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; New Zealand
    Abstract: New Zealand is among the OECD countries that have been settled by migration. Currently more than a quarter of the New Zealand workforce is foreign-born. Despite being a settlement country, most labour migration is temporary and permanent migration mainly draws from the pool of temporary labour migrants. Current temporary labour migration is equivalent to 3.6% of the workforce, by far the largest figure in the OECD. An elaborate system of labour-market tests and exemptions aims to limit negative impact on the domestic workforce while at the same time responding to employer needs. A large part of temporary flows is into low-skilled jobs with little steering possibilities, and some vigilance is needed. For permanent migration, which is also among the highest in per capita terms among OECD countries, New Zealand operates with target numbers. The country faces difficulties in meeting thes targets, whose value-added in a largely demand-driven system - favoring immigrants with a job offer - is questionable.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264215658-en
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  • 23
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    The Distributional Effects of Consumption Taxes in OECD Countries (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264224520
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.22
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The distributional effects of consumption taxes in OECD countries
    Keywords: Verteilungswirkung ; Verbrauchsteuer ; Steuerinzidenz ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Taxation ; Bericht ; OECD ; Steuerpolitik ; Umsatzsteuer ; Inzidenz
    Abstract: The report examines the distributional effects of value-added tax (VAT) and excise tax systems in 20 OECD countries, and investigates the effectiveness of reduced VAT rates as a redistributional tool.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264224520-en
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  • 24
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    Le rôle des femmes dans l'économie suisse (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1144
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Women's Role in the Swiss Economy
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Economics ; Switzerland
    Abstract: En Suisse, les femmes ont désormais un niveau de formation égal à celui des hommes. Néanmoins, des progrès restent à accomplir sur le marché du travail où l’offre de main-d’oeuvre féminine et sa rémunération sont inférieures à celles des hommes. Le taux d’activité des femmes est élevé et ne cesse de croître, ce qui est contrebalancé toutefois par une forte incidence du travail à temps partiel, reflet de préférences individuelles et de facteurs qui restreignent le travail des femmes. L’insuffisance et le coût élevé des solutions de garde d’enfants, conjugués à un taux marginal d’imposition important pour les deuxièmes pourvoyeurs de revenus, dissuadent les femmes de travailler plus. L’écart net (c’est-à-dire inexpliqué) de rémunération de 7 % environ en faveur des hommes, persistant quoique en baisse, ainsi que la non-représentation des femmes parmi les dirigeants et chefs d’entreprise n’incite pas non plus ces dernières à tirer pleinement profit de leur niveau de formation élevé. Il faut donc éliminer ces obstacles en priorité, en augmentant les dépenses publiques consacrées aux structures de garde d’enfants et d’accueil parascolaire à l’échelon des cantons et des communes. Il faudrait aussi étudier la réglementation existante relative aux services de garde d’enfants pour voir s’il est possible d’élargir la gamme des prestations offertes, en termes de rapport qualité-prix. Il convient également de supprimer l’effet pénalisant implicite du mariage sur le plan fiscal, comme cela est actuellement envisagé par le Conseil fédéral. Une plus grande flexibilité dans l’aménagement du temps de travail pourrait également permettre aux femmes de réduire le coût de la conciliation entre travail et vie de famille. Ainsi, offrir aux femmes comme aux hommes la possibilité d’opter plus facilement pour des solutions comme les horaires de travail flexibles, l’annualisation des horaires, le partage de poste, le temps partiel ou le télétravail, et instituer un congé paternité et/ou un congé parental consécutif unique et non transférable pourraient aider les femmes à intégrer le marché du travail et à en sortir plus aisément. Le renforcement de la concurrence sur les marchés de produits devrait contribuer à combler l’écart de rémunération entre hommes et femmes, en remplaçant notamment certaines pratiques discriminatoires par la recherche des meilleurs talents, indépendamment du sexe. Enfin, un code de gouvernement d’entreprise en faveur d’une représentation plus égalitaire des femmes aux postes de direction et la fixation d’objectifs ambitieux pour accroître la proportion de femmes dans les conseils d’administrations, conjugués à l’adoption de la pratique « appliquer ou expliquer », ou encore l’instauration de quotas, devraient contribuer à la disparition du « plafond de verre ». Ce Document de travail se rapporte à l’Étude économique de l’OCDE de la Suisse 2013 (www.oecd.org/eco/etudes/Suisse).
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz123c4j743-fr
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  • 25
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    Combler les pénuries de compétences au Canada (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (47 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1143
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Overcoming Skills Shortages in Canada
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Economics ; Canada
    Abstract: Les pénuries de compétences ont progressé dans certains secteurs et régions au cours des dernières années. L’avantage salarial s’accroît dans certaines professions, notamment la santé, l’ingénierie et les métiers spécialisés. Et les taux de postes vacants augmentent également dans les métiers spécialisés, en particulier en Alberta et dans la Saskatchewan. Des réformes ont été mises en oeuvre pour renforcer le processus d’ajustement afin de combler ces pénuries, mais il est possible d’aller plus loin en améliorant l’information sur le marché du travail, en renforçant la réactivité du système d’enseignement et de formation et du système d’immigration face aux attentes du marché du travail, et en réduisant les obstacles à la mobilité interprovinciale de la main-d’oeuvre. Ce Document de travail se rapporte à l’Étude économique de l’OCDE du Canada 2014 (www.oecd.org/fr/eco/etudes/etude-economique-canada.htm).
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz123f3qxr6-fr
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    The dynamics of employment growth : new evidence from 18 countries (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 96 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 14
    Keywords: Employment ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Motivated by the ongoing interest of policy makers in the sources of job creation, this paper presents results from a new OECD project on the dynamics of employment (DynEmp) based on an innovative methodology using firm-level data (i.e. national business registers or similar sources). It demonstrates that among small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), young firms play a central role in creating jobs, whereas old SMEs tend to destroy jobs. This pattern holds robustly across 17 OECD countries and Brazil, extending recent evidence found in the United States. The paper also shows that young firms are always net job creators throughout the business cycle, even during the financial crisis. During the crisis, entry and post-entry growth by young firms were affected most heavily, although downsizing by old firms was responsible for most job losses. The results also highlight large cross-country differences in the growth potential of young firms, pointing to the role played by national policies in enabling successful firms to create jobs.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz417hj6hg6-en
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  • 27
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    What an inclusive recovery needs is more, and better, jobs (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Employment
    DOI: 10.1787/9297e1a3-en
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  • 28
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    Entrepreneurial Activities in Europe - Finance for Inclusive Entrepreneurship (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (36 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Employment Policy Papers no.5
    Keywords: Employment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: More than one-third of the European Union’s adult population would rather be self-employed than an employee if given the chance to choose, according to the 2012 Flash Eurobarometer survey. At the same time, there is a large entrepreneurial potential in social groups that are either disadvantaged in the labour market (e.g. youth, migrants, and the low-skilled) or underrepresented in the entrepreneurial population (e.g. women and seniors). Inclusive entrepreneurship policies aim to give the opportunity for people from these groups to start-up in business and self-employment both for economic reasons and to support the goal of social inclusion.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrcmkgkzzs-en
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  • 29
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    Trends in Income Inequality and its Impact on Economic Growth (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (65 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.163
    Keywords: Einkommensverteilung ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: In most OECD countries, the gap between rich and poor is at its highest level since 30 years. Today, the richest 10 per cent of the population in the OECD area earn 9.5 times the income of the poorest 10 per cent; in the 1980s this ratio stood at 7:1 and has been rising continuously ever since. However, the rise in overall income inequality is not (only) about surging top income shares: often, incomes at the bottom grew much slower during the prosperous years and fell during downturns, putting relative (and in some countries, absolute) income poverty on the radar of policy concerns. This paper explores whether such developments may have an impact on economic performance. Drawing on harmonised data covering the OECD countries over the past 30 years, the econometric analysis suggests that income inequality has a negative and statistically significant impact on subsequent growth. In particular, what matters most is the gap between low income households and the rest of the population. In contrast, no evidence is found that those with high incomes pulling away from the rest of the population harms growth. The paper also evaluates the “human capital accumulation theory” finding evidence for human capital as a channel through which inequality may affect growth. Analysis based on micro data from the Adult Skills Survey (PIAAC) shows that increased income disparities depress skills development among individuals with poorer parental education background, both in terms of the quantity of education attained (e.g. years of schooling), and in terms of its quality (i.e. skill proficiency). Educational outcomes of individuals from richer backgrounds, however, are not affected by inequality. It follows that policies to reduce income inequalities should not only be pursued to improve social outcomes but also to sustain long-term growth. Redistribution policies via taxes and transfers are a key tool to ensure the benefits of growth are more broadly distributed and the results suggest they need not be expected to undermine growth. But it is also important to promote equality of opportunity in access to and quality of education. This implies a focus on families with children and youths – as this is when decisions about human capital accumulation are made -- promoting employment for disadvantaged groups through active labour market policies, childcare supports and in-work benefits.
    Note: Zsfassung in franz. Sprache , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrjncwxv6j-en
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    Mental Health and Work: United Kingdom (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204997
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Großbritannien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United Kingdom ; Großbritannien ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on the United Kingdom is the sixth in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204997-en
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    Employment and Skills Strategies in Northern Ireland, United Kingdom (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264208872
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews on Local Job Creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Employment and skills strategies in Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
    RVK:
    QG 410
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Qualifikation ; Bildungspolitik ; Nordirland ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This book focuses on the role of employment and training agencies in contributing to job creation and productivity in Northern Ireland. It explores how Northern Ireland is implementing labour market and skills policy and putting measures in place at the local level to stimulate quality employment, inclusion and growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264208872-en
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  • 32
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    Mental Health and Work: Switzerland (2014)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204973
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Santé mentale et emploi ; Suisse
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Psychische Gesundheit und Beschäftigung; Schweiz
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Schweiz ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland ; Schweiz ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Switzerland is the fifth in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that the Swiss system is well resourced to address the challenges in various policy fields; that due the involvemnet of a large number of stakeholders much needed policy coordination across different sectors is a difficult task; and that a stronger mental health focus is required in Switzerland's health, social and labour market policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204973-en
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    Public Procurement Review of the State's Employees' Social Security and Social Services Institute in Mexico (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264197305
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudio sobre la contratación pública del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado en México
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Public procurement review of the State's Employees' Social Security and Social Services Institute in Mexico
    Keywords: Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores del I.S.S.S.T.E ; Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Mexiko ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Mexico
    Abstract: How can citizens’ health and well-being be improved when public resources are limited? What practices allow hospitals and health clinics to get state of art medical equipment and medicine at the right price? The OECD Procurement Review of the Mexican State’s Employees’ Social Security and Social Services Institute (ISSSTE) looks at the public entity responsible for providing medical and social services to Mexican civil servants. It provides a comprehensive assessment of its procurement function and how to improve it in order to enhance the overall efficiency and transparency of the organisation and the quality of the services it provides. The review builds on the OECD Principles for Enhancing Integrity in Public Procurement, good practices of other health organisations as well as comparative data on public procurement in OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264197305-en
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    Korea: Improving the Re-employment Prospects of Displaced Workers (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189225
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Series Statement: Back to Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Back to work
    Keywords: Kündigung ; Arbeitsmarktintegration ; Südkorea ; Employment ; Korea, Republic of ; Südkorea ; Arbeitslosigkeit ; Berufliche Integration
    Abstract: In Korea's dynamic labour market, job displacement (involuntary job loss due to firm closure or downsizing) affects many workers over the course of their working lives. Some workers are more vulnerable than others to this risk and may face long periods of unemployment/inactivity after displacement, particularly if their skills are not well-matched to emerging job opportunities. Even when they find new jobs, displaced workers tend to be paid less, have fewer benefits and are more likely to be overskilled than in the jobs they held prior to displacement. Helping displaced workers get back into good jobs quickly should be a key goal of labour market policy. To achieve this goal, Korea needs to increase resources devoted to re-employment programmes, such as job-search training and job matching, to improve their performance and better target those who need the most help. Existing training programmes need to be revised to ensure that people are obtaining skills that will help them find work. The social safety net also needs to be strengthened to lower the personal and societal costs of displacement, notably by improving the coverage of unemployment benefits.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189225-en
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  • 35
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    Zuwanderung ausländischer Arbeitskräfte: Deutschland (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264191747
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recruiting Immigrant Workers; Germany 2013
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Germany 2013
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany
    Abstract: Die jüngsten Reformen haben Deutschland zu einem der OECD-Länder mit den geringsten Beschränkungen für die Zuwanderung von hochqualifizierten Fachkräften gemacht, die Zahl der Zuzüge ist jedoch nach wie vor relativ gering. Da die Arbeitsmigration als eine der Möglichkeiten zur Bewältigung des Arbeits- und Fachkräftemangels gilt, zu dem es infolge des Rückgangs der Bevölkerung im Erwerbsalter kommt, befasst sich diese Publikation mit der Frage, wie gewährleistet werden kann, dass dringendem Arbeitsmarktbedarf, der nicht mit inländischen Arbeitskräften zu decken ist, durch internationale Arbeitsmigration begegnet werden kann. Der Bericht untersucht wichtige Fragen in Bezug auf die Gestaltung des deutschen Systems der Arbeitsmigration, sowohl von der Nachfrage- als auch von der Angebotsseite her. Deutsche Arbeitgeber können alle Arbeitsplätze, für die ein Hochschulabschluss erforderlich ist, mit Arbeitskräften aus dem Ausland besetzen. Doch selbst Arbeitgeber, die über Fachkräftemangel klagen, haben dies bislang häufig nicht getan, z.T. weil sie auf gute deutsche Sprachkenntnisse und besondere Qualifikationen bestehen, z.T. aber auch weil sie die Verfahren der internationalen Personalanwerbung für komplex und unzuverlässig halten. Diese Verfahren könnten zwar transparenter gestaltet werden, ihr schlechter Ruf ist aber dennoch ungerechtfertigt. Internationale Studierende scheinen gut geeignet, den Anforderungen der Arbeitgeber gerecht zu werden, Deutschland könnte jedoch mehr unternehmen, um diesen Weg der Arbeitsmigration zu fördern. Mit einer starken Nachfrage ist auch in Berufen zu rechnen, die eine abgeschlossene nicht universitäre Berufsausbildung voraussetzen; für diese Berufe gelten jedoch nach wie vor strengere Beschränkungen. Zur Behebung absehbarer Personalengpässe in diesen Berufen sollte mehr getan werden, um ausländische Arbeitskräfte für das duale System zu gewinnen, wobei Deutschlands neuer Rahmen für die Anerkennung von Berufsqualifikationen beitragen könnte, um neue Zuwanderungsmöglichkeiten zu schaffen.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264191747-de
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  • 36
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    Coping with Emigration in Baltic and East European Countries (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264204928
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Coping with emigration in Baltic and East European countries
    Keywords: Auswanderung ; Baltische Staaten ; Polen ; Rumänien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Baltic States ; Osteuropa ; Baltikum ; Auswanderung ; Geschichte 2000-2013
    Abstract: The Baltic countries have experienced sustained emigration over the past decade, contributing to population decline and a loss of working-age population. The impact of this emigration is felt strongly in the labour market, the general economy and in social developments. How can countries deal with the impact of high levels of emigration? How to attract back emigrants? How best to benefit from the financial, social and human capital developed abroad? The Baltic countries are not alone in addressing these challenges, and this volume brings together the recent experience of Poland and Romania, as well as a wide range of OECD countries, in developing new policies to cope with emigration.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264204928-en
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  • 37
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    Mental Health and Work: Norway (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264178984
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Norwegen ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway ; Norwegen ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Norway is the fourth in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that Norway faces a unique situation whereby a generous welfare system stimulates large-scale labour market exclusion and significant socio-economic inequalities of people with a mental disorder, and hindering better outcomes of its employment and vocational rehabilitation programmes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264178984-en
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    Mental Health and Work: Denmark (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264188631
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Dänemark ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Denmark is the third in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that the Danish system has a number of strengths that have yet to be used in a more effective way, but also that quite a few changes are needed in order to raise the labour market particiption of people with mental ill-health.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264188631-en
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  • 39
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    Santé mentale et emploi : Belgique (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264187597
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Santé mentale et emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mental Health and Work; Belgium
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, la gestion des problèmes de santé mentale dans la population d’âge actif devient un enjeu essentiel pour les politiques sociales et du marché du travail. Les gouvernements de ces pays sont de plus en plus nombreux à reconnaître que les pouvoirs publics ont un rôle important à jouer pour maintenir au travail les personnes souffrant de troubles mentaux ou pour faciliter la réintégration de celles qui sont sorties du marché de l’emploi, ainsi que pour prévenir l’apparition de ce type de troubles. Ce rapport relatif à la Belgique est le premier d’une série de travaux analysant l’approche adoptée par différents pays de l’OCDE face aux défis plus larges, décrits dans la publication Mal-être au travail ? Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l’emploi (OCDE, 2012), auxquels sont confrontés les pouvoirs publics en matière d’éducation, de santé, de politique sociale et d’emploi. Sa conclusion est que la Belgique dispose déjà d’un système comportant de nombreux atouts structurels, qui ne sont cependant pas encore exploités de manière optimale.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264187597-fr
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  • 40
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    Review of Recent Developments and Progress in Labour Market and Social Policy in Israel : Slow Progress Towards a More Inclusive Society (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264200401
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (74 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Adema, Willem Review of recent developments and progress in labour market and social policy in Israel
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik ; Israel ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Israel
    Abstract: This report presents the OECD's assessment of recent developments in Israel in the area of labour market and social policy. It focuses on recent trends in poverty and employment outcomes and policy development to improve employment opportunities, especially for the Arab and Haredi communities.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264200401-en
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  • 41
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    Entrepreneurial Activities in Europe - Social Entrepreneurship (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (24 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Employment Policy Papers no.3
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Social enterprises have gained importance in the policy debate in many European and non-European countries, as also demonstrated by the European Commission’s recent “Social Business Initiative”. This marks an important milestone for European policy makers and other stakeholders involved in promoting national and sub-national eco-systems for socially oriented business. Putting in place an enabling environment for social enterprises is critical if they are to fulfil their potential in contributing not only to the creation of jobs, but also to addressing wider social and economic needs, and to promoting more cohesive and inclusive societies.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrcml2kdtd-en
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  • 42
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    Estudio sobre la contratación pública del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado en México (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264197565
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Series Statement: Estudios de la OCDE sobre Gobernanza Pública
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Public Procurement Review of the State's Employees' Social Security and Social Services Institute in Mexico
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Mexico
    Abstract: A partir de los Principios de la OCDE para fortalecer la integridad en la contratación pública (2008) y las buenas prácticas de organizaciones similares en otros países de la OCDE, el estudio aporta una evaluación integral de las estrategias, los sistemas y los processos de adquisición del ISSSTE.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264197565-es
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  • 43
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    Mental Health and Work: Belgium (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264187566
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Santé mentale et emploi ; Belgique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Belgien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium ; Belgien ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Belgium is the first in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that Belgium can build on a system with a number of structural strengths that are not yet exploited to the best possible extent.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264187566-en
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  • 44
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    Trends in Poverty and Inequality in Decentralising Indonesia (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (114 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.148
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Indonesia
    Abstract: As one of the world’s largest emerging economies, Indonesia has experienced rapid economic growth and substantial reduction of poverty over the past three decades, particularly prior to the 1997-98 Asian Financial Crisis. After the crisis, Indonesia entered a new development phase that saw the fall of the Suharto government and new governance which moved highly centralised policies and powers towards a decentralised process. This research report analyses economic and social patterns and trends of poverty and inequality in Indonesia with a particular focus on the decentralisation period from 2001 to 2010.The Indonesian political and economic environment has changed significantly during this period and this had implications for individual wellbeing, regional economic prosperity and national economic growth. The report finds that in general, absolute poverty rates have continued to decline during the decentralisation period although the reduction has not been as strong as it was prior to the Asian economic crisis. In contrast, consumption inequality has increased during the same period. New estimates of growth and inequality elasticity of poverty suggest that this rising inequality has been offsetting the positive benefits of consumption growth on poverty.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k43bvt2dwjk-en
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  • 45
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    Women Entrepreneurs in the OECD : Key Evidence and Policy Challenges (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.147
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Important gender gaps in entrepreneurship exist. Men are three times more likely than women to own a business with employees. Women rarely own large businesses and their average earnings from selfemployment are up to 60% lower than for men. Cultural norms, stereotypes and lack of role models make women less interested in an entrepreneurial career and less confident in their capacities as entrepreneurs. Other obstacles such as time shortages and the composition of their professional networks lead women to start relatively small businesses, with low levels of initial capital and bank financing. These obstacles establish a competitive disadvantage for companies owned by women, which translates in levels of labour productivity that are 5 to 30% lower than those of companies owned by men. This paper also presents examples of policy initiatives in the domains of credit, training and awareness raising that can unlock the double dividend of women’s entrepreneurship: higher empowerment of women and more productive businesses. Better data and more analysis are an essential precondition for a more effective implementation of these policies.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k43bvtkmb8v-en
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  • 46
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    Améliorer la situation économique des jeunes en France (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (58 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.1041
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Improving the Economic Situation of Young People in France
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Economics ; France
    Abstract: La situation économique des jeunes n'est pas satisfaisante. Les inégalités scolaires se sont accrues depuis plus d'une décennie, en raison d'une forte baisse des résultats des élèves les plus défavorisés. Le taux de chômage des 20-24 ans n'est pas passé en dessous de 16 % depuis près de 30 ans. Les jeunes français sont très pessimistes quant à l'avenir et expriment une grande méfiance vis-à-vis des institutions. Le filet social hésite entre autonomie et solidarité familiale, et est inéquitable car les jeunes qui sont au chômage et ne disposent pas d’un soutien familial solide financièrement se trouvent dans une situation précaire. La politique d’éducation prioritaire devrait réellement devenir une priorité et les dépenses d'éducation devraient être rationalisées de façon à drainer davantage de ressources vers l'enseignement primaire. Il est souhaitable d’amplifier l'autonomie des universités, de même que l'indépendance financière des jeunes. Le fonctionnement du marché du travail dont certaines caractéristiques pénalisent les nouveaux entrants doit être réformé et les services d’accompagnement des jeunes vers l'emploi améliorés. Ce Document de travail se rapporte à l’Étude économique de l’OCDE de la France 2013 (www.oecd.org/eco/etudes/France).
    DOI: 10.1787/5k4840dd6338-fr
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  • 47
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    Entrepreneurial Activities in Europe - Evaluation of Inclusive Entrepreneurship Programmes (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (24 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Employment Policy Papers no.4
    Keywords: Employment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Inclusive entrepreneurship policies are intended to give everybody the opportunity to start up in business or self-employment regardless of their social background and to improve labour market outcomes for people who are under-represented or disadvantaged in entrepreneurship and self-employment. This may occur directly, through increasing the number and quality of businesses and self-employment start-up activities, or indirectly, by providing an improved pathway to employment for people who do not eventually start-up or remain in business or self-employment. They work by targeting specific populations such as youth, seniors, women, the disabled, ex-offenders, ethnic minorities, and the unemployed with tailored interventions or improved accessibility to mainstream actions in areas such as access to start-up financing; training, mentoring and consultancy; entrepreneurship education and awareness raising; network building; or improvements to social security and business regulation systems.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrcmkm81th-en
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  • 48
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    Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Germany 2013 (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189034
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Zuwanderung ausländischer Arbeitskräfte; Deutschland
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Zuwanderung ausländischer Arbeitskräfte: Deutschland
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Deutschland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmobilität
    Abstract: Recent reforms have put Germany among the OECD countries with the fewest restrictions on labour migration for highly-skilled occupations, yet inflows continue to be relatively low. As labour migration is supposed to be one means to help meet future labour and skill shortages caused by a shrinking working-age population, this book addresses the question of how to ensure that international recruitment can help meet urgent needs in the labour market which cannot be met locally. The review examines key issues in the design of the German labour migration system, on the demand side and on the supply side. German employers can recruit from abroad for any job requiring university-level qualifications. Yet even employers declaring shortages have not done so, in part, due to their insistence on German-language skills and specific qualifications, and in part to a perception that international recruitment is complex and unreliable. While the process could be made more transparent, its negative reputation is unjustified. International students appear well positioned to meet employer concerns, but Germany could do more to promote this channel for labour migration. A large part of the demand is also expected in skilled occupations requiring non-tertiary vocational training, but here, channels remain more restrictive. To address anticipated shortages in these occupations, more should be done to recruit into the dual system, and Germany’s new recognition framework could contribute to open new channels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189034-en
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  • 49
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    Renewable Energies in the Middle East and North Africa : Policies to Support Private Investment (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264183704
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Competitiveness and Private Sector Development
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Renewable energies in the Middle East and North Africa
    Keywords: Erneuerbare Energie ; Förderung erneuerbarer Energien ; Investition ; MENA-Staaten ; Energiepolitik ; Erneuerbare Energien ; Investitionspolitik ; Private Investition ; Energy ; Employment ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services ; Naher Osten ; Mittlerer Osten ; Nordafrika
    Abstract: The combined effects of the economic crisis and the recent popular uprisings in parts of the Middle East and North Africa have brought social and economic challenges back to the centre of attention of policy makers. For governments searching to create jobs, to satisfy the growing energy demand of their populations and to diversify their economies, the appeal of renewable energies is strong. However, the right policy framework and support need to be put in place if the region wants to attract private investment in the sector and reap the benefits of its favourable resource endowment, especially as regards solar and wind energy. This report makes the case for a stronger deployment of renewables in the Middle East and North Africa and identifies the appropriate support policies required to stimulate the necessary private investment. An assessment of existing policy frameworks in the region and examples from OECD good practice are used as pointers to help guide policy makers in their choices. The analysis contained in this report suggests that support policies targeting the life cycle of renewable energy projects such as feed-in tariffs and power purchase agreements are more effective and less distortive than policies subsidising the initial investment, such as cost reductions. The optimal incentive scheme provides investors with stability through a guaranteed but declining minimum return while imposing enough market risk to foster technological progress.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264183704-en
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  • 50
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    Mental Health and Work: Sweden (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264188730
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Sweden is the second in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that Swedish policy makers recognise the need to take steps to tackle mental ill-health and its labour market implications, but that a more comprehensive reform effort and a long-term commitment to it is needed in order to prevent problems from arising in the first place and respond more effectively when they do occur.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264188730-en
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  • 51
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    Gleichstellung der Geschlechter : Zeit zu handeln (2013)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264190344
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Closing the Gender Gap; Act Now
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Inégalités hommes-femmes ; Il est temps d'agir
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cerrando las brechas de género ; Es hora de actuar
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Closing the Gender Gap; Act Now (Korean version)
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Geschlechtsspezifische Ungleichheiten machen sich in allen Bereichen des Wirtschaftslebens bemerkbar und bedeuten sowohl für die betroffenen Personen als auch für die Volkswirtschaft insgesamt hohe Verluste in Form von entgangener Produktivität und niedrigeren Lebensstandards. Dieser neue OECD-Bericht befasst sich mit Lösungsansätzen zur Beseitigung dieser geschlechtsspezifischen Ungleichheiten unter folgenden thematischen Gesichtspunkten: Geschlechtergleichstellung, soziale Normen und öffentliche Politik sowie Geschlechtergleichstellung in Bildung, Berufsleben und Unternehmertum. Die Kernaussagen lauten: ? Die Verbesserung der Geschlechtergleichheit beim Bildungsniveau hat einen stark positiven Effekt auf das Wirtschaftswachstum. ? Geschlechterstereotypen muss schon im jungen Alter bei den Bildungsentscheidungen in der Schule entgegengewirkt werden. So sollten beispielsweise Unterrichtsmethoden und -materialien angepasst werden, um Jungen stärker für das Lesen und Mädchen stärker für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften zu begeistern; Mädchen sollten ermutigt werden, verstärkt naturwissenschaftliche, ingenieurwissenschaftliche und mathematische Studienfächer zu wählen und eine Berufstätigkeit in diesen Bereichen anzustreben. ? Gute und bezahlbare Kinderbetreuung ist ein ausschlaggebender Faktor für die Verbesserung der Geschlechtergleichstellung im Berufsleben. Veränderungen sind jedoch auch im familiären Kontext notwendig, da der überwiegende Teil der Hausarbeit und Kindererziehung in vielen Ländern immer noch von den Frauen geleistet wird. Diese Veränderungen können von der Politik unterstützt werden, beispielsweise durch Elternurlaubsregelungen, die Väter explizit einschließen. ? Fördermaßnahmen für Unternehmen in Frauenbesitz müssen auf alle Unternehmen, nicht nur auf Neugründungen und Kleinbetriebe, ausgerichtet werden. Es muss ein gleichberechtigter Zugang zu Finanzierungsmitteln für männliche und weibliche Unternehmer gewährleistet werden.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264190344-de
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    Free Movement of Workers and Labour Market Adjustment : Recent Experiences from OECD Countries and the European Union (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264177185
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Free movement of workers and labour market adjustment
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Arbeitsmarkt ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Europäische Union ; Arbeitsmobilität ; OECD
    Abstract: This publication presents recent evidence and analytical work on the impact and future perpectives of demographic trends in the workforce, taking also into account education, skills and geographical mobility. It pays particular attention to the labour mobility patterns generated by the development of free mobility in Europe and simlar developments in other parts of the world.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264177185-en
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    Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives : A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264177338
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Des compétences meilleures pour des emplois meilleurs et une vie meilleure ; Une approche stratégique des politiques sur les compétences
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bessere Kompetenzen, bessere Arbeitsplätze, ein besseres Leben; Ein strategisches Konzept für die Kompetenzpolitik
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mejores competencias, mejores empleos, mejores condiciones de vida ; Un enfoque estratégico de la políticas de competencias
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives; A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Melhores competências, melhores empregos, melhores condições de vida; Uma abordagem estratégica das políticas de competências
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better skills, better jobs, better lives
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Fachkräfte ; Berufsbildungspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; Berufliche Qualifikation ; Berufsbildungspolitik ; Arbeitsmarkt ; OECD
    Abstract: Recognising both the complexity of skills policies and the potential for peer learning, the OECD has developed a global Skills Strategy that helps countries to identify the strengths and weaknesses of their national skills systems, benchmark them internationally, and develop policies that can transform better skills into better jobs, economic growth and social inclusion. This book presents a strategy that will help countries reach the goal of having and making the best use of a high-quality pool of skills. The OECD Skills Strategy shifts the focus from traditional measures of skills, such as years of initial education and training or qualifications attained, to a much broader perspective that includes the skills people can acquire, use and maintain–and also lose–over a whole lifetime. Without sufficient investment in skills, people languish on the margins of society, technological progress does not translate into economic growth, and countries can no longer compete in an increasingly knowledge-based global society. In addition, the book points out that for skills to retain their value, they must be continuously maintained and upgraded throughout life so that people can collaborate, compete and connect in ways that drive economies and societies forward.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264177338-en
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  • 54
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    Entrepreneurial Activities in Europe - Senior Entrepreneurship (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (31 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Employment Policy Papers no.2
    Keywords: Employment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The population and labour force in the European Union are ageing. The proportion of the population in the EU-27 who are aged 55 and over rose from 25 % in 1990 to 30 % in 2010, and is estimated to reach 37 % by 2030 (Eurostat, 2012). Consequently, the workforce is also getting older – the proportion of the labour force between 55 and 69 years old increased 26.5 % between 1987 and 2010.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrcml7lhxq-en
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  • 55
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    L' intégration des immigrés et de leurs enfants sur le marché du travail en Suisse (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 127 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.128
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Labour Market Integration of Immigrants and Their Children in Switzerland
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland
    Abstract: La Suisse est, parmi les pays de l’OCDE, l’un de ceux où il y a la plus forte proportion d’immigrés – 27 % des personnes en âge de travailler sont nées à l’étranger – et la question de l’immigration occupe une place importante, tant dans l’agenda politique que dans le débat public. Compte tenu des nombreux débats que la question suscite dans le pays, on pourrait être tenté de penser que les immigrés sont moins bien intégrés en Suisse que dans d’autres pays.Les faits montrent cependant que, dans l’ensemble, l’intégration fonctionne plutôt bien en Suisse. La situation sur le marché du travail de la population immigrée dans son ensemble est largement favorable au regard de ce qu’on observe dans d’autres pays. Pour les hommes comme pour les femmes, le taux d’emploi des immigrés est plus élevé que dans les autres pays de l’OCDE...
    DOI: 10.1787/5k9fjjrtlwwl-fr
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    Sick on the Job? : Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264124523
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (206 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mal-être au travail ? ; Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mal-être au travail ? : Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sick on the job?
    DDC: 158.72
    RVK:
    CU 3040
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Arbeit ; Psychische Gesundheit
    Abstract: The costs of mental ill-health for the individuals concerned, employers and society at large are enormous. Mental illness is responsible for a very significant loss of potential labour supply, high rates of unemployment, and a high incidence of sickness absence and reduced productivity at work. In particular, mental illness causes too many young people to leave the labour market, or never really enter it, through early moves onto disability benefit. Today, between one-third and one-half of all new disability benefit claims are for reasons of mental ill-health, and among young adults that proportion goes up to over 70%. Indeed, mental ill-health is becoming a key issue for the well-functioning of OECD’s labour markets and social policies and requires a stronger focus on policies addressing mental health and work issues. Despite the very high costs to the individuals and the economy, there is only little awareness about the connection between mental health and work, and the drivers behind the labour market outcomes and the level of inactivity of people with mental ill-health. Understanding these drivers is critical for the development of more effective policies. This report aims to identify the knowledge gaps and begin to narrow them by reviewing evidence on the main challenges and barriers to better integrating people with mental illness in the world of work.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264124523-en
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  • 57
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    Activating Jobseekers : How Australia Does It (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264185920
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Duell, Nicola Activating jobseekers
    RVK:
    QV 200
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Australien ; Employment ; Australia ; Australien ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Abstract: This report on the recent Australian experience with activation policies contains valuable lessons for other countries that need to improve the effectiveness of employment services and control benefit expenditure. It provides overview and assessment of labour market policies in Australia including the main institutions, benefit system, training programmes, employment incentives, and disability employment assistance. Australia is unique among OECD countries in that its mainstream employment services are all delivered by over 100 for-profit and non-profit providers competing in a “quasi-market”, with their operations financed by service fees, employment outcome payments, and a special fund for measures that tackle jobseekers’ barriers to employment. In most other OECD countries, these services are delivered by the Public Employment Service. In the mid 2000s, several benefits previously paid without a job-search requirement were closed or reformed, bringing more people into the effective labour force. Australia now has one of the highest employment rates in the OECD and this report concludes that its activation system deserves some of the credit for this relatively good performance. The Job Services Australia model, introduced in 2009, reinforced the focus on employment outcomes for highly-disadvantaged groups. This report assesses the latest model for activation and puts forward some recommendations to improve its effectiveness.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264185920-en
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  • 58
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    Jobs for Immigrants (Vol. 3) : Labour Market Integration in Austria, Norway and Switzerland (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264167537
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (298 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les migrants et l'emploi (Vol. 3) ; L'intégration sur le marché du travail en Autriche, Norvège et Suisse
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jobs for immigrants ; Vol. 3: Labour market integration in Austria, Norway and Switzerland
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migranten ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Soziale Integration ; Österreich ; Norwegen ; Schweiz ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria ; Norway ; Switzerland ; Österreich ; Norwegen ; Schweiz ; Einwanderer ; Arbeitsmarkt
    Abstract: When immigrants arrive in a new country, they are confronted with new labour market requirements such as language proficiency, familiarity with job-search procedures and work practices which they are not always able to satisfy. Over time, this expertise can be acquired. In practice however, differences in employment and earnings persist: experience and qualifications obtained abroad may not be fully equivalent to experience and qualifications acquired in the host country or not recognised as such, social capital may be lacking, or discriminatory hiring practices may persist among employers. These obstacles affect not only new immigrants, but, surprisingly, their offspring too. This publication reviews the labour market integration of immigrants and their offspring in three OECD countries (Austria, Norway and Switzerlands) and provides country-specific recommendations. It also includes a summary chapter highlighting common challenges and policy responses. It is the third and last in a series which has covered eleven OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264167537-en
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  • 59
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    Toujours plus d'inégalité : Pourquoi les écarts de revenus se creusent (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264119550
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (450 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Divided We Stand; Why Inequality Keeps Rising
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Divided We Stand; Why Inequality Keeps Rising (Korean version)
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: Durant les trois décennies précédant le récent ralentissement économique, le fossé entre les salaires s’est creusé et les inégalités de revenus entre les ménages ont augmenté dans une vaste majorité des pays de l'OCDE. Ce phénomène a même touché les pays traversant une période de croissance économique soutenue ainsi qu’une forte croissance de l'emploi. Ce rapport analyse les principales forces sous-jacentes à l’origine de ces évolutions. Il analyse dans quelle mesure la mondialisation de l’économie, le progrès technologique privilégiant les qualifications, et les réformes institutionnelles et réglementaires ont eu un impact sur la répartition des revenus. Le rapport examine également dans quelle mesure l’évolution de la formation et de la composition des ménages a modifié les revenus des ménages et l’inégalité des revenus. Il offre un aperçu sur la manière dont les systèmes d'imposition et d'indemnisation ont changé leur processus de redistribution des revenus des ménages. Enfin, le rapport met en évidence quelles seraient les politiques les plus prometteuses pour remédier à une hausse des inégalités et comment le dosage des politiques peut être adapté lorsque les budgets publics sont mis à rude épreuve.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264119550-fr
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  • 60
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    Inégalités hommes-femmes : Il est temps d'agir (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264179660
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (372 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Closing the Gender Gap; Act Now
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gleichstellung der Geschlechter; Zeit zu handeln
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cerrando las brechas de género ; Es hora de actuar
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Closing the Gender Gap; Act Now (Korean version)
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Les inégalités entre hommes et femmes se retrouvent dans tous les domaines de la vie économique et représentent une importante perte de richesse potentielle en termes de productivité et de niveau de vie, pour les intéressées elles-mêmes et pour l’ensemble de l’économie. Ce nouveau rapport de l’OCDE examine comment réduire au mieux les inégalités entre les sexes selon quatre axes : 1) les normes sociales et les politiques publiques ; 2) l’éducation ; 3) l’emploi ; et 4) l’entrepreneuriat. Les messages clés sont les suivants : • une plus grande égalité entre garçons et filles en ce qui concerne le niveau de formation atteint a un effet positif fort sur la croissance économique ; • il faut lutter contre les stéréotypes dans le choix des études à l’école dès le plus jeune âge. Par exemple, il faudrait adapter les stratégies et le matériel pédagogique pour davantage inciter les garçons à lire et les filles à choisir les mathématiques et les sciences ; il faudrait encourager un plus grand nombre de jeunes filles à suivre des études dans les domaines scientifiques, de l’ingénierie et des mathématiques, au niveau des études supérieures, et à rechercher un emploi dans ces domaines ; • des modes de garde d’enfant de qualité et d’un coût abordable sont un facteur clé pour faire progresser l’égalité entre hommes et femmes en matière d’emploi. Mais il faut aussi que les choses changent à la maison car ce sont les femmes, dans de nombreux pays, qui assument l’essentiel des tâches ménagères et des soins aux proches. Les politiques publiques peuvent favoriser ces évolutions, par exemple par des dispositifs en matière de congé parental qui incluent expressément les pères ; • les mesures destinées à soutenir l’entrepreneuriat au féminin doivent viser toutes les entreprises existantes et pas seulement les entreprises en création et les petites entreprises. Il faut garantir l’égalité d’accès aux financements aux entrepreneurs hommes et aux entrepreneurs femmes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264179660-fr
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  • 61
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    Mal-être au travail ? : Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l'emploi (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264124561
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (225 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Santé mentale et emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sick on the Job?; Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Les coûts d’une mauvaise santé mentale pour les individus concernés, les employeurs et la société au sens large sont considérables. Une estimation prudente de l’Organisation internationale du travail les chiffre à 3-4 % du PIB de l’Union européenne. La plupart de ces coûts se manifestent en dehors de la sphère de la santé. La maladie mentale est à l’origine de pertes considérables de main-d’oeuvre potentielle, de taux de chômage élevés, d’une forte incidence de l’absentéisme pour maladie et d’une moindre productivité au travail. Ce rapport vise à cerner les données manquantes sur la santé mentale et l'emploi, à enrichir la base de connaissances et ainsi à remettre en question certains mythes, et à donner une vision plus complète des défis stratégiques sousjacents.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264124561-fr
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  • 62
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    Les migrants et l'emploi (Vol. 3) : L'intégration sur le marché du travail en Autriche, Norvège et Suisse (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264167919
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (322 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jobs for Immigrants (Vol. 3); Labour Market Integration in Austria, Norway and Switzerland
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria ; Norway ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Ce volume (le troisième de la série de l’OCDE Les migrants et l’emploi) évalue l’expérience de trois pays européens de l’OCDE (Autriche, Norvège et Suisse) s’agissant de l’intégration des immigrés et de leurs enfants sur le marché du travail. Le chapitre d’introduction met en évidence certaines conclusions essentielles des analyses des trois pays examinés. Il est suivi des trois examens-pays. Les trois chapitres consacrés aux pays commencent tous par un aperçu du cadre d’intégration avant de présenter une analyse approfondie de certains enjeux majeurs. Chacun des examens-pays se termine par un résumé et des recommandations.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264167919-fr
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  • 63
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    Closing the Gender Gap : Act Now (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264179370
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (352 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm
    DDC: 305.42
    RVK:
    MS 2830
    RVK:
    QV 221
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Gender gaps are pervasive in all walks of economic life and imply large losses in terms of foregone productivity and living standards to the individuals concerned and the economy. This new OECD report focuses on how best to close these gender gaps under four broad headings: 1) Gender equality, social norms and public policies; and gender equality in 2) education; 3) employment and 4) entrepreneurship. Key policy messages are as follows:-Greater gender equality in educational attainment has a strong positive effect on economic growth;-Stereotyping needs to be addressed in educational choices at school from a young age. For example, adapt teaching strategies and material to increase engagement of boys in reading and of girls in maths and science; encourage more girls to follow science, engineering and maths courses in higher education and seek employment in these fields;-Good and affordable childcare is a key factor for better gender equality in employment. But change also has to happen at home as the bulk of housework and caring is left to women in many countries. Policy can support such change, for example, through parental leave policies that explicitly include fathers.-Support policies for women-owned enterprises need to target all existing firms, not just start-ups and small enterprises. Equal access to finance for male and female entrepreneurs needs to be assured
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264179370-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 64
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    How Are Girls Doing in School – and Women Doing in Employment – Around the World? (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Education Indicators in Focus no.3
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Comment les filles réussissent-elles dans leurs études – et les femmes au travail – dans le monde ?
    Keywords: Education ; Employment
    Abstract: As the world celebrates the achievements of women this month, what can be said about the progress of girls and young women in education, and of women in employment, throughout the world? As the third issue of the OECD's new brief series Education Indicators in Focus describes, girls and women are making solid gains on both fronts - though still more can be done to promote gender equality.On the 2009 PISA assessment, for example, 15-year-old girls outperformed boys in every country, and on average by 39 score points - the equivalent of one year of schooling. Meanwhile, boys outperformed girls on the PISA mathematics assessment in most countries. In higher education, women are now in the majority among entrants to higher education across the world, with an estimated 66% expected to enter university-level programmes at some point during their lives. However, men are more likely than women to earn advanced research qualifications in most countries. Moreover, some fields of study - like engineering, manufacturing, and construction - are still branded as masculine, with comparatively few women graduates. At the same time, women's strides in education have led to improved labour market outcomes for women overall. Across the world, gender gaps in employment between men and women have narrowed at every level of education, and are narrowest among those with a higher education qualification - shrinking from 11 percentage points in 2000 to 9 percentage points in 2009. Be sure to check your inbox for future issues of Education Indicators in Focus, which each month will provide analysis and policy insights into the most pressing issues in education today, using evidence from Education at a Glance, the flagship publication of the OECD's Indicators of Education Systems (INES) programme. Find out more at: http://www.oecd.org/document/46/0,3746,en_2649_39263238_49401006_1_1_1_1,00.html
    DOI: 10.1787/5k9csf9bxzs7-en
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  • 65
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    Comment les filles réussissent-elles dans leurs études – et les femmes au travail – dans le monde ? (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe no.3
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How Are Girls Doing in School – and Women Doing in Employment – Around the World?
    Keywords: Education ; Employment
    Abstract: Alors que ce mois de mars a été l'occasion de célébrer dans le monde entier la réussite des femmes, que peut-on dire des progrès accomplis par les filles et les jeunes femmes dans l'éducation - et par les femmes sur le marché du travail ? Comme le décrit ce troisième numéro de la nouvelle série de synthèses de l'OCDE, Les indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe, les filles et les femmes ont réalisé d'importants progrès sur ces deux terrains, même si le chemin est encore long pour parvenir à l'égalité entre les sexes.À titre d'exemple, lors de l'évaluation PISA 2009 de la performance des élèves de 15 ans en compréhension de l'écrit, les filles devançaient les garçons dans tous les pays de l'OCDE de 39 points, en moyenne, soit l'équivalent d'une année d'études. En mathématiques, toujours à l'âge de 15 ans, les garçons obtenaient en général des résultats supérieurs à ceux des filles dans la plupart des pays Dans l'enseignement supérieur et partout dans le monde, les femmes sont maintenant plus susceptibles d'entamer une formation universitaire ; elles sont 66% à espérer entrer dans un programme de ce niveau au cours de leur vie. Cependant, dans la plupart des pays, les hommes sont davantage susceptibles d'obtenir un titre sanctionnant un programme de recherche de haut niveau. En outre, certains domaines d'études comme l'ingénierie, de la production et de la construction restent considérés comme plus " masculins " et accueillent relativement peu de femmes. Dans l'ensemble, cependant, les progrès importants accomplis par les femmes en termes d'éducation se traduisent par des résultats positifs sur le marché du travail. Dans le monde, l'écart entre les sexes sur le marché du travail s'est resserré à tous les niveaux d'enseignement, et plus encore pour les titulaires de diplômes de niveau supérieur, passant de 11 points de pourcentage en 2000 à 9 points de pourcentage en 2009. Ne manquez pas les prochains numéros des Indicateurs de l'éducation à la loupe pour consulter chaque mois des analyses et conseils en matière d'action publique sur les questions d'éducation les plus importantes à l'heure actuelle, à partir des données présentées dans Regards sur l'éducation, la publication phare du programme sur les indicateurs des systèmes d'enseignement de l'OCDE. Pour en savoir plus : http://www.oecd.org/document/46/0,3746,en_2649_39263238_49401006_1_1_1_1,00.html
    DOI: 10.1787/5k9crhnx265c-fr
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    Entrepreneurial Activities in Europe - Youth Entrepreneurship (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (30 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Employment Policy Papers no.1
    Keywords: Employment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Youth unemployment is one of the principal social and economic challenges of this decade in Europe and around the world. Long spells of unemployment can have serious long-term effects for individuals, such as reduced earnings and social exclusion. It is estimated that one year of unemployment during youth can reduce annual earnings at age 42 by up to 21 % (Gregg and Tominey, 2005) and that an extra three months of unemployment prior to the age of 23 results in an extra two months of unemployment, on average, between the ages of 28 and 33 (Gregg, 2001). Prolonged unemployment magnifies these problems and increases the chances that they are passed on to their children. In addition to these pronounced individual costs, the unemployed represent a significant stock of unused economic resources that lowers output and the potential for economic growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/5jxrcmlf2f27-en
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  • 67
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    Das compétences meilleures pour des emplois meilleurs et une vie meilleure : Une approche stratégique des politiques sur les compétences (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264178717
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives; A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bessere Kompetenzen, bessere Arbeitsplätze, ein besseres Leben; Ein strategisches Konzept für die Kompetenzpolitik
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mejores competencias, mejores empleos, mejores condiciones de vida ; Un enfoque estratégico de la políticas de competencias
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives; A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Melhores competências, melhores empregos, melhores condições de vida; Uma abordagem estratégica das políticas de competências
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Bessere Kompetenzen, bessere Arbeitsplätze, ein besseres Leben: Ein strategisches Konzept für die Kompetenzpolitik
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives: A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives: A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Mejores competencias, mejores empleos, mejores condiciones de vida: Un enfoque estratégico de la políticas de competencias
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Melhores competências, melhores empregos, melhores condições de vida: Uma abordagem estratégica das políticas de competências
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Reconnaissant la complexité des politiques relatives aux compétences mais aussi la possibilité de s’inspirer de l’expérience des pairs, l’OCDE a élaboré une Stratégie sur les compétences qui aide les pays à recenser les forces et faiblesses de leurs systèmes de compétences, à comparer ces derniers à l’échelle internationale et à élaborer des politiques pour entamer un cercle vertueux où développement des compétences rime avec amélioration de l’emploi et renforcement de la croissance économique et de la cohésion sociale. Cette publication présente une stratégie qui a pour but d’aider les pays à constituer et utiliser au mieux un vivier de compétences de grande qualité. La Stratégie de l’OCDE sur les compétences s’éloigne des mesures traditionnelles, telles que le nombre d’années passées dans l’éducation et la formation initiale ou bien les diplômes obtenus, pour adopter une perspective beaucoup plus large qui inclut les compétences que les individus peuvent acquérir, utiliser et entretenir – mais aussi perdre – tout au long de leur vie. Lorsque l’investissement dans les compétences est insuffisant, les individus restent en marge de la société, les avancées technologiques ne se traduisent pas en croissance économique et les pays perdent leur compétitivité dans une société mondiale de plus en plus fondée sur les connaissances. En outre, cette publication souligne que pour conserver leur valeur, les compétences doivent sans cesse être utilisées et mises à jour tout au long de la vie afin que les individus puissent coopérer, concourir et s’associer de façon à faire évoluer l’économie et la société.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264178717-fr
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    Policy Priorities for International Trade and Jobs (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264180178
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (450 p)
    Keywords: Employment ; Trade
    Abstract: Launched and co-ordinated by the OECD, the International Collaborative Initiative on Trade and Employment (ICITE) is a two-year old joint undertaking of ten international organisations. Under ICITE, a broad research agenda focusing on the interaction between trade and employment has been implemented. This book brings together some of the results of that research. Opening with an overview chapter from the OECD, the book continues with papers covering 1)trade, wages and employment, 2) trade and services, 3) trade and working conditions, and 4) regional trade perspectives.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264180178-en
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    Bessere Kompetenzen, bessere Arbeitsplätze, ein besseres Leben : Ein strategisches Konzept für die Kompetenzpolitik (2012)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264179479
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Better Skills, Better Jobs, Better Lives; A Strategic Approach to Skills Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Des compétences meilleures pour des emplois meilleurs et une vie meilleure ; Une approche stratégique des politiques sur les compétences
    RVK:
    DL 2000
    RVK:
    MS 7050
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Da sie sich sowohl der Komplexität der Kompetenzpolitik als auch der Möglichkeiten eines gegenseitigen Lernprozesses bewusst ist, hat die OECD eine globale Kompetenzstrategie ausgearbeitet, die den Ländern dabei helfen soll, die Stärken und Schwächen ihrer Qualifikationssysteme zu identifizieren, sie im internationalen Vergleich zu betrachten und Maßnahmen auszuarbeiten, mit denen erreicht werden kann, dass Kompetenzen zu besseren Arbeitsplätzen, einem höheren Wirtschaftswachstum und mehr sozialer Inklusion führen. Diese Publikation stellt eine Strategie vor, die den Ländern bei der Verwirklichung des Ziels der Heranbildung und optimalen Nutzung eines hervorragenden Pools an Kompetenzen helfen wird. Die Skills Strategy der OECD beinhaltet eine Umorientierung von traditionellen Messgrößen des Kompetenzniveaus, z.B. der Zahl der formalen Bildungsjahre oder den erworbenen Bildungsabschlüssen, hin zu einer wesentlich weiter gefassten Messgröße, die sich auf die Kompetenzen erstreckt, die Menschen im Verlauf ihres gesamten Lebens erwerben, nutzen, pflegen und u.U. auch wieder verlieren können. Wird nicht ausreichend in Kompetenzen investiert, müssen Menschen ein unbefriedigendes Leben am Rande der Gesellschaft fristen, kann sich technischer Fortschritt nicht in Wirtschaftswachstum niederschlagen und können Länder in einer weltweit zunehmend wissensbasierten Gesellschaft nicht mehr im Wettbewerb mithalten. Zudem müssen Kompetenzen, wie in der Publikation betont wird, während des ganzen Lebens kontinuierlich gepflegt und erweitert werden, damit sie ihren Wert nicht verlieren und es den Menschen ermöglichen, miteinander in einer Weise zusammenzuarbeiten, zu konkurrieren und zu kommunizieren, die Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft voranbringt.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264179479-de
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    URL: Volltext
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  • 70
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    Climate Change, Employment and Local Development, Sydney, Australia (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 135 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Working Papers no.2011/14
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2011/14
    Keywords: Employment ; Environment ; Industry and Services ; Australia
    Abstract: This report presents the analysis and key findings of the project on Climate Change, Employment and Local Development in Sydney, Australia, carried out by the OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme. Sydney and its main organisations are undergoing an important transformation in terms of the approach to human capital development, growth and job creation, and integrating the sustainability component into the greater metropolitan Sydney strategy and actions. Sydney is leading a wave of transformation in the country and has some state-of-the-art initiatives that are examples to other OECD regions. However, a challenge remains with respect to the governance of the system and the adjustment of programmes to the new needs of a low-carbon economy. This report analyses the challenges and opportunities of Sydney in this context, and provides some policy recommendations on how the public authorities and other key agencies could best support the emergence of a green economy - making the best use of the skills available while creating wealth and growth.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg20639kgkj-en
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  • 71
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    Skills for Innovation and Research (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264097490
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Box, Sarah Skills for innovation and research
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Innovation ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Innovation holds the key to ongoing improvements in living standards, as well as to solving pressing social challenges. Skilled people play a crucial role in innovation through the new knowledge they generate, how they adopt and develop existing ideas, and through their ability to learn new competencies and adapt to a changing environment. This book seeks to increase understanding of the links between skills and innovation. It explores the wide range of skills required, ranging from technical to "soft", and the ability to learn; it presents data and evidence on countries' stocks and flows of skills and the links between skill inputs and innovation outputs. Given the importance of meeting the demands of knowledge-based economic activity, the book investigates the issues of skill supply, education, workplace training and work organisation. It highlights the importance of enabling individuals to acquire appropriate skills and of optimising these at work.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264097490-en
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  • 72
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    Doing Better for Families (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264098732
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Assurer le bien-être des familles
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Doing Better for Families; (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Doing better for families
    DDC: 361.61021
    RVK:
    MS 1900
    RVK:
    MS 6500
    RVK:
    QX 300
    Keywords: Familienpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Familienhilfe
    Abstract: All OECD governments want to give parents more choice in their work and family decisions. This book looks at the different ways in which governments support families. It seeks to provide answers to questions like: Is spending on family benefits going up, and how does it vary by the age of the child? Has the crisis affected public support for families? What is the best way of helping adults to have the number of children they desire? What are the effects of parental leave programmes on female labour supply and on child well-being? Are childcare costs a barrier to parental employment and can flexible workplace options help? What is the best time for mothers to go back to work after childbirth? And what are the best policies to reduce poverty among sole parents?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264098732-en
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    URL: Rezension
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  • 73
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    Help Wanted? : Providing and Paying for Long-Term Care (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264097759
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Besoin d'aide ? ; La prestation de services et le financement de la dépendance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Help wanted?
    RVK:
    QX 900
    Keywords: Ältere Menschen ; Häusliche Pflege ; Pflegeversicherung ; Finanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Finanzierung ; Krankenpflege ; Langzeitbetreuung ; Private Krankenversicherung
    Abstract: This book examines the challenges countries are facing with regard to providing and paying for long-term care. With populations ageing and the need for long-term care growing rapidly, this book looks at such issues as: future demographic trends, policies to support family carers, long-term care workers, financing arrangements, long-term care insurance, and getting better value for money in long-term care. “WHO recognizes that long-term care represents a major challenge for all countries in the world, with important implications for economic development and for the health and well-being of older people. This well-documented book provides a comparative analysis of the common challenges and diverse solutions OECD countries are adopting to respond to the growing demand for long-term care services, and particularly its implications for financing and labour markets. It provides much needed evidence to guide policy makers and individuals.” -Dr John Beard, Director, Department of Ageing and Life Course, World Health Organization “This carefully researched book offers invaluable data and insights into the organization and financing of long-term care in OECD countries. The book is an indispensable resource for anyone interested in international long-term care”. -Dr. Joshua M. Wiener, Distinguished Fellow and Program Director of RTI’s Aging, Disability, and Long-Term Care Program, United States
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264097759-en
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  • 74
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    Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Sweden 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264167216
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Schweden ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Anwerbung
    Abstract: Sweden reformed its labour migration management policy in 2008 and now has one of the most liberal labour migration regimes in the OECD. This book attempts to answer the question of whether Sweden’s labour migration policy is efficiently working to meet labour market needs that were not being met, without adversely affecting the domestic labour market. The review also examines the impact of the reform on labour migration flows to Sweden and on access to recruitment from abroad by Swedish employers. After the reform, employers in Sweden were able to recruit workers from abroad for any occupation, as long as the job had been advertised for a nominal period and the prevailing collective bargaining wage and contractual conditions were respected. Overall, Sweden’s new system has not led to a boom in labour migration, although this somewhat surprising result may be related to the slack labour market. The faith in employers appears to be largely justified until now, although there are some vulnerabilities in the system which could be addressed, especially in monitoring workplaces not covered by collective bargaining, and marginal businesses. The particularities of the relatively highly regulated labour market in Sweden may mean that this model is not easily transferable to other countries, but lessons can be drawn for other countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264167216-en
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  • 75
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    OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Russian Federation 2011 (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264118720
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies; Russian Federation 2011; (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Russian Federation 2011: (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of labour market and social policies
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktsegmentation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik ; Russland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktsegmentierung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: The global financial crisis interrupted a protracted period of strong economic growth in the Russian Federation. Despite a large decline in output, job losses and hikes in unemployment remained rather modest, and much of the labour market adjustment took place through reduced working hours and, in particular, real wages. Notwithstanding the recent recovery, the Russian labour market remains characterised by significant structural imbalances resulting in widespread segmentation and large earnings inequalities. To improve the balance between labour market flexibility and the protection of workers, the Russian Federation needs to reinforce its labour market institutions.Poverty and income inequalities remain well above the OECD average. Family policy is focused on increasing birth rates, but is ineffective in reducing poverty as working adults and children make up 60% of the poor. Instead, social policy is focused on the elderly and disabled, and in recent years there has been significant increases in transfer payments to pensioners. Recent reform is likely to “eradicate” poverty among pensioners, as measured by official benchmarks, but raises questions about the long-term financial sustainability of the private pensions system. Rapid population ageing further contributes to the need to raise the low standard pensionable ages in Russia and limit access to early pensions. The challenge for Russia will be to rebalance its social policy towards more effective support for parents to combine work and family life.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264118720-en
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  • 76
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    Les migrants internationaux dans les pays développés, émergents et en développement : Elargissement du profil (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 61 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.114
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. International Migrants in Developed, Emerging and Developing Countries: An Extended Profile
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: La croissance de la mobilité internationale souligne l’importance de données internationales comparables pour décrire la migration mondiale et ses caractéristiques, non seulement dans les pays de destination mais aussi dans les pays d’origine. Ce document donne une image détaillée des populations émigrée et immigrée dans les années 2000 à partir de la nouvelle base de données bilatérales mondiale DIOC-E. DIOC-E offre la possibilité d’étudier différents aspects de la migration sud-sud et de réaliser des comparaisons fiables avec la migration sud-nord. En particulier, des données plus fiables provenant des pays d’origine permettent de calculer des taux d’expatriation par niveaux d’instruction en incluant les grands pays de destination hors de la zone OCDE. Cela remet en question des conclusions établies précédemment sur l’importance relative de la migration dans différentes régions du monde, affine les caractéristiques principales des émigrés et donne un éclairage sur des questions clés comme la dimension « genre » de la migration internationale et la sélectivité des mouvements migratoires. DIOC-E (version 2.0) contient des données pour 89 pays de destination, dont 61 sont en dehors de la zone OCDE. La base de données contient des informations par niveaux d’instruction, âge, sexe et résultats sur le marché du travail pour 110 millions de migrants âgés de 15 ans et plus, soit environ 72 % de l’estimation mondiale des migrants internationaux. Au total, 46.8 millions de migrants (43.6 %) sont faiblement qualifiés, 37.5 millions (35 %) ont un niveau d’éducation intermédiaire et 23 millions (21.5 %) sont hautement qualifiés. Bien que la migration faiblement qualifiée prédomine en termes absolus, tant vers les pays de l’OCDE que vers les pays non membres, les taux d’expatriation des migrants hautement qualifiés dépassent les taux d’expatriation globaux dans toutes les régions, reflétant ainsi la sélectivité de la migration. Les analyses économétriques des déterminants bilatéraux de la migration des personnes hautement qualifiées distinguent la migration sud-nord des migrations sud-sud. En ce qui concerne la migration vers les pays de l’OCDE, la relation entre le taux d’expatriation des personnes hautement qualifiées et le niveau de revenus des pays d’origine suit une courbe en U inversée. Cela n’est pas le cas pour la migration vers les pays non membres. Les taux d’expatriation globaux ainsi que ceux des personnes hautement qualifiées vers les pays non membres augmentent lorsque le niveau de revenu des pays d’origine diminue.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k9gshqskqlp-fr
    URL: Volltext
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    Job-rich Growth in Asia : Strategies for Local Employment, Skills Development and Social Protection (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264110984
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Job-rich growth in Asia
    Keywords: Wirtschaftswachstum ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsnachfrage ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Asien ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Asien ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Wirtschaftliche Lage
    Abstract: Jobs-rich Growth in Asia discusses some of the most pressing issues that countries in Southeast Asia are facing in regard to boosting local employment and skills development while advancing social protection strategies in emerging, fast-growing labour markets. A joint OECD/ILO initiative, this book analyses local approaches in Asia to modernise labour markets and skills strategies and shows how local recovery is taking place through a combination of policy measures on employment creation, skills development and social protection.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264110984-en
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  • 78
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    Principes de l'OCDE sur la réglementation des pensions professionnelles : Méthodologie pour l'évaluation et la mise en œuvre (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264087101
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Occupational Pension Regulation; Methodology for Assessment and Implementation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Occupational Pension Regulation: Methodology for Assessment and Implementation
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Les pensions professionnelles jouent un rôle déterminant dans les pays de l’OCDE et dans les autres régions du monde, car elles complètent les revenus des retraités provenant de sources publiques. Fin 2009, l’épargne-retraite privée se chiffrait à 25 000 milliards USD. Le vieillissement de la population a amené de nombreux pays de l’OCDE à entreprendre un large éventail de réformes des retraites – qui ont eu pour effet, dans l’ensemble, de réduire les engagements des États en matière de retraite publique et donc de donner davantage d’importance à l’épargne-retraite privée. Les Principes fondamentaux portent sur sept domaines essentiels : i) les conditions d’une réglementation et d’un contrôle efficaces ; ii) la constitution des plans de retraite, des fonds de pension et des sociétés de gestion de fonds de pension ; iii) les engagements au titre des plans de retraite, les règles relatives à la capitalisation, la liquidation et l’assurance ; iv) la gestion des actifs ; v) les droits des participants et des bénéficiaires et l’adéquation des prestations ; vi) la gouvernance ; et vii) le contrôle. Chacun comprend un énoncé du principe et un ensemble de lignes directrices d’application. Les lignes directrices correspondant au principe fondamental consacré au contrôle, intègrent les Principes de l’Organisation Internationale des Autorités de Contrôle des Pensions relatifs au contrôle des pensions privées. La Méthodologie propose une approche structurée afin d’évaluer la conformité de la réglementation des pensions professionnelles d’une juridiction aux Principes fondamentaux de réglementation des pensions professionnelles.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264087101-fr
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  • 79
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    Inclusion of Students with Disabilities in Tertiary Education and Employment (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264097650
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Series Statement: Education and Training Policy
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'inclusion des étudiants handicapés dans l'enseignement tertiaire et dans l'emploi
    Keywords: Education ; Employment
    Abstract: This book examines the transition of young adults with disabilities from school to tertiary education and work. It analyses the policy experiences of several OECD countries and identifies recent trends in access to education and employment as well as best transition policies and practices. Which factors foster or hinder the transition to tertiary education and work? What are the strengths and weaknesses of policies and support given to young adults with disabilities? What strategies exist in upper secondary schools and tertiary education institutions to smooth this transition and what are their strengths and weaknesses? It shows that access to tertiary education for young adults with disabilities has improved significantly over the past decade. However, despite the progress that has been made, the transition to tertiary education is still harder for young adults with disabilities than it is for other young adults. Students with disabilities are also less likely than their non-disabled peers to successfully complete their studies, or to access employment. The book also provides policy recommendations for governments and education institutions. These recommendations are designed to give young adults with disabilities the same success and transition opportunities that other young adults already enjoy and to improve hereby their right to education and to inclusion.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264097650-en
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  • 80
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    Employment Impacts of Climate Change Mitigation Policies in OECD : A General-Equilibrium Perspective (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Working Papers no.32
    Keywords: Employment ; Environment
    Abstract: Using a computable general equilibrium, this paper quantifies the GDP and employment effects of an illustrative greenhouse gas emissions reduction policy. The paper first analyses the direct negative economic effects of the emissions restrictions on GDP and examines labour sectoral reallocations in a framework where labour markets are perfectly flexible. The model is then modified to incorporate labour market imperfections in OECD countries that could generate unemployment, namely, short-run rigidities in real wage adjustment. It is shown that imperfect wage adjustment increases the cost of mitigation policy since unemployment increases in the short-run, but that the carbon tax revenue generated can be recycled so as offset some or all of this effect, notably when it is used to reduce wage-taxes. Thus, taking realistic labour market imperfections into account in a CGE model affects the GDP costs of mitigation policy in two ways: first by introducing extra costs due to the increased unemployment that such policy may entail; second by creating the possibility of a double dividend effect when carbon taxes are recycled so as to reduce distorting taxes on labour income..
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg0ps847h8q-en
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  • 81
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    OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Russian Federation 2011 : (Russian version) (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264119345
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies; Russian Federation 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Russian Federation 2011
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Russian Federation
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264119345-ru
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  • 82
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    L' inclusion des étudiants handicapés dans l'enseignement tertiaire et dans l'emploi (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264111714
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Series Statement: Politiques d'éducation et de formation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Inclusion of Students with Disabilities in Tertiary Education and Employment
    Keywords: Education ; Employment
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage analyse la transition des jeunes adultes handicapés vers l’enseignement tertiaire et vers l’emploi. Il analyse les politiques développées par plusieurs pays de l’OCDE et identifie les tendances récentes en termes d’accès à l’éducation et à l’emploi ainsi que les meilleures politiques et pratiques en matière de transition. Quels facteurs facilitent ou entravent la transition vers l’enseignement tertiaire et l’emploi ? Quelles sont les forces et les faiblesses des politiques et des soutiens existants à l’égard des jeunes adultes handicapés ? Quelles stratégies sont développées par les lycées et les établissements d’enseignement tertiaire pour faciliter cette transition et quelles sont leurs forces et leurs faiblesses ? Il montre que l’accès à l’enseignement tertiaire des jeunes adultes handicapés a progressé de manière significative depuis dix ans. Toutefois, en dépit des progrès effectués, la transition vers l’enseignement tertiaire persiste à être plus difficile pour les jeunes adultes handicapés que pour l’ensemble des jeunes adultes. Les étudiants handicapés ont aussi moins de chances de réussir dans l’enseignement tertiaire ou d’accéder à l’emploi que leurs pairs non handicapés. Le livre propose également des recommandations à l’attention des gouvernements et des institutions éducatives. Ces recommandations entendent mettre les jeunes adultes handicapés à égalité de chances en termes de réussite et de transition et d’optimiser ainsi la concrétisation de leur droit à l’éducation et à l’inclusion.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264111714-fr
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  • 83
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    Assurer le bien-être des familles (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264098794
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (310 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Doing Better for Families
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Doing Better for Families; (Korean version)
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Tous les gouvernements des pays de l’OCDE veulent donner aux parents une plus grande liberté de choix dans leurs décisions professionnelles et familiales. Ce recueil analyse les différentes formes d’aides publiques aux familles. Il cherche à répondre aux questions suivantes : les prestations au titre de la famille sont-elles en progression et comment évoluent-elles selon l’âge de l’enfant ? La crise a-t-elle eu une incidence sur les aides publiques aux familles ? Quelle est la meilleure façon d’aider les adultes à avoir le nombre d’enfants qu’ils souhaitent? Quels sont les effets des dispositifs de congé parental sur l’offre de main d’oeuvre féminine et sur le bien-être des enfants ? Les frais de garde d’enfants sont-ils un frein à l’emploi parental et comment la flexibilité au travail peut-elle le favoriser ? Pour les mères quel est le meilleur moment pour reprendre le travail après la naissance d’un enfant ? Enfin, quelles sont les mesures les plus adaptées pour réduire la pauvreté des familles monoparentales ?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264098794-fr
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  • 84
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    Besoin d'aide ? : La prestation de services et le financement de la dépendance (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264097766
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (392 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Etudes de l'OCDE sur les politiques de santé
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur les politiques de santé
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Help Wanted?; Providing and Paying for Long-Term Care
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Au moment où l’espérance de vie approche des 80 ans pour les hommes et dépasse nettement cet âge pour les femmes, la population est de plus en plus nombreuse à vouloir vivre pleinement aussi longtemps que possible. Comment l’évolution démographique et les tendances du marché du travail vont-elles peser sur l’offre familiale, amicale et des travailleurs susceptibles d’assumer une prise en charge ? Les finances publiques seront-elles menacées par le coût de la prise en charge future de la dépendance ? Quel équilibre doit-on rechercher entre implication privée et soutien public de cette prise en charge des soins liés à la dépendance ? Ce livre traite de ces enjeux et autres questions importantes.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264097766-fr
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  • 85
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    Ensuring Labour Market Success for Ethnic Minority and Immigrant Youth (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 91 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Working Papers no.2011/09
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2011/09
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The labour market integration of young people from ethnic minority and immigrant backgrounds is one of those issues which government finds it a challenge to address, particularly in the current climate of growing youth unemployment. Supporting access to the labour market for all young people is typically a multifaceted issue, with both social and economic dimensions. In the case of immigrants and minority groups, it is no easier as it involves working with different cultures, traditions and customs, and in some cases, tackling intergenerational problems of exclusion. Unsurprisingly, more than one government department or agency is involved in this policy area. In fact, the stakeholders involved are many, drawn from the public service, the private sector and civil society.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg8g2l0547b-en
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  • 86
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    Climate Change, Employment and Local Development in Poland (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 137 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Working Papers no.2011/22
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2011/22
    Keywords: Employment ; Environment ; Industry and Services ; Poland
    Abstract: This report presents analysis on the cases of Podlaskie and Pomorskie in Poland in the context of a transition to the green economy. This study seeks to examine the current situation in these two regions in terms of labour market, economic development, and skills provision, with a specific focus on the green economy. The report analyses the impacts of climate change (including its effects on policy and regulations) on the local labour markets in Podlaskie and Pomorskie and provides policy recommendations on how make the best use of the assets in place to boost green economic activities while creating greener jobs. The report examines the role that the public sector and other key labour market institutions play in facilitating the transition to a green economy. Although it is certain that the impact of this transition on jobs, on the workforce and on businesses will vary from region to region, it is also certain that those regions investing in the right skills and removing barriers to green entrepreneurship and growth will gain from this new context.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kg0nvfvwjd0-en
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  • 87
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    Public Servants as Partners for Growth : Toward a Stronger, Leaner and More Equitable Workforce (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264166707
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Public servants as partners for growth
    Keywords: Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Öffentlicher Dienst ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Governance
    Abstract: Public Servants as Partners for Growth:Toward a Stronger, Leaner and More Equitable Workforce compiles the main policy lessons of the work of the Public Employment and Management Network of the Public Governance Committee on reallocation of the public workforce, managing competencies, and fostering diversity. Its basic underpinning is that for the public service to make a contribution and underpin the economic recovery and growth it requires modernising its governance structures. Civil service systems are at public management’s core; hence they are central to governmental effectiveness. In the current context, countries need to ensure that the public workforce is motivated and committed to delivery, and produce change, despite the need for pay restraints and redundancies. Investments in the quality of people management, strategic workforce planning, competencies and diversity of the public workforce are critical to make it more competent, flexible and adaptable in order to have a competitive, innovative and inclusive public sector. Governments have to maintain and improve the capacity of the public service while at the same time producing savings. The key issue is seeing the public workforce as an asset and not as a cost.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264166707-en
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  • 88
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    Working for the recovery (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Employment
    DOI: 10.1787/5ca747e9-en
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  • 89
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    Climate Change, Employment and Local Development in Extremadura, Spain (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 198 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Working Papers no.2011/04
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2011/04
    Keywords: Employment ; Environment ; Industry and Services ; Spain
    Abstract: Extremadura is the fifth largest region in Spain, with certainly one of the most diverse eco-systems and abundant natural resources. Extremadura launched a series of initiatives to facilitate the transition to a green economy which means a model that takes into consideration economic, social and environmental aspects with one core objective: create jobs. How can Extremadura exploit its capacities to broaden the employment basis while moving to a green economy? What actions and priorities should the regional government take into account to move an economic development and employment agenda forward in this new context? How can Extremadura pursue its efforts to remain one of the least polluting regions in Spain while supporting job creation? Which are the economic sectors with potential for job creation in Extremadura? This study sought to provide guidance and policy recommendation to Extremadura on these and other issues related to the transition of the labour market to the green economy. The study on "Climate Change, Employment and Local Development in Extremadura", was undertaken by the Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in collaboration with the Regional Ministry of Equality and Employment of Extremadura
    DOI: 10.1787/5kgdpmh7zxzv-en
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  • 90
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    Climate Change, Employment and Local Development in London, UK (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 121 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Working Papers no.2011/05
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2011/05
    Keywords: Employment ; Environment ; Industry and Services ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: London and the UK are far from immune from the impacts of climate change. The UK is already experiencing the effects of climate change in the form of increased sea-surface temperature and rising sea levels. If global GHG emissions continue unabated, London in particular, will be vulnerable to floods, droughts and heat waves. To achieve ambitious emission-cutting targets, the Mayor of London has developed a range of programmes that will stimulate demand for the low-carbon economy in London. However, some challenges still need to be addressed in order to ensure that enough jobs will be created and that those jobs created in the low-carbon economy will be accessible for Londoners. This report examines the impacts of climate change (including through its effect on policy and regulations) on the London labour markets, with a focus on the creation of jobs and the development of a skilled workforce to meet the needs of the greener economy. The report also contains a set of policy recommendations for London to meet its ambitious low-carbon agenda while creating jobs.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kgdpmfkc6f7-en
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  • 91
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    Globalisation, Comparative Advantage and the Changing Dynamics of Trade (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264113084
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Globalisation, comparative advantage and the changing dynamics of trade
    DDC: 382
    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Komparativer Vorteil ; Wirtschaftliche Anpassung ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Globalisierung ; Welthandel
    Abstract: The effects of globalisation have been at the forefront of public debate in recent years, fuelled on the one hand by the large benefits of integrated markets, and on the other hand, by the detrimental adjustment effects often experienced by many economies as a result. Knowing how trade has been evolving over time and the role policy has played in this evolution are critical to understanding the globalisation debate and grasping the lessons for future policy development. The comparative advantage hypothesis has been suggested as one of the principal explanations of international trade and of the benefits associated with openness. It has also provided the intellectual underpinnings for most trade policy in the past 50 years. This book collects OECD work that builds on recent contributions to the theory and empirics of comparative advantage, putting particular emphasis on the role policy can play in shaping trade.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264113084-en
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  • 92
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    Divided We Stand : Why Inequality Keeps Rising (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264119536
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (388 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm
    DDC: 339.209177
    RVK:
    LB 45000
    RVK:
    QC 200
    RVK:
    QX 200
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: In the three decades to the recent economic downturn, wage gaps widened and household income inequality as measured by GINI increased in a large majority of OECD countries. This occurred even when countries were going through a period of sustained economic and employment growth. This report analyses the major underlying forces behind these developments. It examines to which extent economic globalisation, skill-biased technological progress and institutional and regulatory reforms have had an impact on the distribution of earnings. The report further provides evidence of how changes in family formation and household structures have altered household earnings and income inequality. And it documents how tax and benefit systems have changed in the ways they redistribute household incomes. The report discusses which policies are most promising to counter increases in inequalities and how the policy mix can be adjusted when public budgets are under strain. "Analyses rely on simple statistical techniques that are accessible to a large readership... the graphic and charts are of great help to gain a quick visual grasp of the various issues addressed." -Choice
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264119536-en
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 93
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    Taxation and Employment (2011)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264120808
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.21
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Taxation and employment
    DDC: 331.11
    RVK:
    PP 8105
    Keywords: Einkommensteuer ; Steuerpolitik ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Niedrigeinkommen ; Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Hochqualifizierte Arbeitskräfte ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Taxation ; OECD ; Steuerpolitik ; Einkommensteuer ; Beschäftigung ; Niedriglohn ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Hochqualifizierter Beruf
    Abstract: This publication examines the effects of taxation on employment, highlights the resulting policy challenges, and discusses the ways governments endeavour to address these challenges. Chapter 1 provides a broad overview of the effects of taxation on employment, examining how taxes on labour income can affect both the size of the labour force and the level of unemployment, and highlighting key areas of concern for tax policy makers. This analysis is then augmented in chapters 2-4 by the more detailed analysis of the effects of taxation on the employment of three groups where empirical research suggests that responses of labour supply to taxation may be relatively large: low-income workers, mobile highly-skilled workers, and older workers. As well as highlighting key areas of concern for tax policy makers, the report places a particular focus on the different measures that have been adopted by countries to attempt to overcome these problems, discussing, where possible, the main design features, and the advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches that have been adopted.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264120808-en
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  • 94
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    Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes: Greece 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264082106
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Greece 2010
    DDC: 331.34
    RVK:
    QG 500
    RVK:
    QV 221
    Keywords: Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Griechenland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Greece ; Griechenland ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Jugendlicher Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: Improving the performance of youth on the labour market is a crucial challenge in OECD countries facing persistent youth unemployment. Whatever the level of qualification, first experiences on the labour market have a profound influence on later working life. This report on Greece contains a survey of the main barriers to employment for young people, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to improve the transition from school to work, and a set of policy recommendations for further action by the public authorities and social partners. The report is based on the proceedings of a seminar and is published in English only. However, a French translation of the summary and main recommendations has been included in this volume.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264082106-en
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  • 95
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    OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies: Estonia 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264082120
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Labour Market and Social Policies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Estonia
    RVK:
    QG 470
    RVK:
    QV 200
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Sozialpolitik ; Estland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Estonia ; Estland ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Beschäftigung ; Soziale Ungleichheit ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: OECD's comprehensive 2010 review of labour market and social policies in Estonia. It finds that since Estonia regained its independence in 1991, its labour and social policies have been marked by a strong commitment to fiscal prudence, flexible markets, and work incentives. Labour market performance steadily improved during the mid-1990s and beyond, until the advent of the global economic crisis in 2008. Estonia was not well prepared for the slowdown and its economy has been hit especially hard. The downturn has required painful policy adjustments. Today, Estonia’s public social spending remains among the lowest in the OECD; its social programmes support persons in need, but the benefits they receive are usually modest and some of the jobless receive no benefits. However, the country offers one of the world's most generous parental-benefit programmes and has begun to phase in a three-tier pension system.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264082120-en
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  • 96
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    Off to a Good Start? Jobs for Youth (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264096127
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Series Statement: Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Des débuts qui comptent ! Des emplois pour les jeunes
    Keywords: Employment
    Abstract: Promoting a smooth transition from school to work, and ensuring that youth are given the opportunities to move on in their careers and lives, have long been issues of fundamental importance for our economies and societies. Today, they are even more pressing challenges as the global economy emerges from the worst crisis of the past 50 years. Indeed, young people have borne much of the brunt of the recent jobs crisis. The youth unemployment rate is approaching 20% in the OECD area, with nearly 4 million more youth among the unemployed than at the end of 2007. The initial experience in the labour market has a profound influence on later working life. Getting off to a good start facilitates youth integration into the world of work and lays the foundation for a good career, while it can be difficult to catch up after an initial failure. In particular, the jobs crisis is likely to leave long-lasting “scarring” effects on some of the current generation of school-leavers, particularly if they face multiple disadvantages, such as having low skills and also coming from a disadvantaged background. Tackling the youth jobs crisis requires a strong commitment from all: the youth themselves, the government through well-targeted and effective policy measures, social partners though their participation in the dialogue, and other key actors – such as teachers, practitioners and parents – who can really make a difference to investing in youth. This report makes an important contribution to a new agenda of youth-friendly employment policies and practices. It analyses the situation of youth employment and unemployment in the context of the jobs crisis and identifies successful policy measures in OECD countries. But it also discusses structural reforms in education and in the labour market that can facilitate the transition from school to work. The report draws on both recent data and the main lessons that emerged from the 16 country reviews conducted as part of the OECD Jobs for Youth/Des emplois pour les jeunes programme.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264096127-en
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  • 97
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    Maladie, invalidité et travail : Surmonter les obstacles : Canada : Des possibilités de collaboration (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264090439
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (93 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sickness, Disability and Work; Breaking the Barriers; Canada; Opportunities for Collaboration
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sickness, Disability and Work: Breaking the Barriers: Canada: Opportunities for Collaboration
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada
    Abstract: Comment peut-on améliorer l’état moyen de santé de la population alors que de nombreux travailleurs quittent encore le marché du travail de façon permanente en raison de problèmes de santé ou d’incapacités, et qu’ils dépendent des prestations d’aide pour survivre ? Dans le même temps, de plus en plus d’adultes en âge de travailler mais affectés d’unhandicap sont exclus de la population active. C’est une tragédie à la fois sociale etéconomique qui frappe pratiquement l’ensemble des pays de l’OCDE, dont le Canada ; et c’est aussi un paradoxe qui mérite explication. Le présent rapport qui fait partie de la série Maladie, invalidité et travail propose uneévaluation de la situation au Canada. Il explore quelques-unes des raisons expliquant ce paradoxe au Canada et la spécificité de sa politique qui implique plusieurs acteurs publics et privés ainsi que différents niveaux de gouvernement pour réduire l’inactivité et augmenter la participation. Il propose une liste de recommandations politiques pour s’attaquer aux disparités actuelles et prévisibles. Le Canada fait face aux mêmes problèmes que les autres pays de l’OCDE : faibles taux d’emploi, forts taux de chômage et risque élevé de pauvreté des personnes handicapées. Cependant, bien que ces chiffres soient en augmentation, le nombre de personnes percevant des prestations maladie ou invalidité à long terme est plus faible au Canada que dans la plupart des pays de l’OCDE. Cette tendance permettra de soutenir dans les années à venir les efforts entrepris par les gouvernements fédéral et provinciaux pour mettre en place un système sur l’incapacité mieux orienté vers l’emploi. En conclusion, ce rapport estime que des changements supplémentaires sont nécessaires, notamment afin de mieux coordonner les programmes fédéraux et provinciaux, de faciliter l’accès aux services et aux aides grâce à un système de guichet unique et à un cadre de responsabilité mutuelle, et d’identifier le handicap et d’intervenir le plus tôt possible. Les employeurs ont aussi un rôle important pour éviter que les gens se détachent du marché du travail.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264090439-fr
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  • 98
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    Maladie, invalidité et travail : Surmonter les obstacles : Synthèse des résultats dans les pays de l'OCDE (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264088870
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (186 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sickness, Disability and Work; Breaking the Barriers; A Synthesis of Findings across OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sickness, Disability and Work: Breaking the Barriers: A Synthesis of Findings across OECD Countries
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sozialpolitik ; Behinderung ; Krankheit ; Rehabilitation ; Integration ; Arbeitsmarkt
    Abstract: Trop de travailleurs quittent définitivement le marché du travail pour des raisons de santé ou à cause d’une incapacité, et rares sont les personnes qui conservent un emploi lorsque leur capacité de travail est réduite. C’est là une tragédie sociale et économique commune à la quasi-totalité des pays de l’OCDE, qui est à l’origine d’un paradoxe apparent méritant explication : alors qu’en moyenne la santé s’améliore, pourquoi de nombreux individus en âge de travailler quittent-ils la population active pour vivre de leurs prestations de maladie de longue durée ou d’invalidité ? Ce rapport, le dernier de la série de l’OCDE intitulée Maladie, invalidité et travail : surmonter les obstacles synthétise les conclusions du projet et étudie les facteurs qui peuvent expliquer ce paradoxe. Il met en lumière le rôle des institutions en place et des politiques mises en œuvre et conclut qu’il est essentiel pour les principaux acteurs – travailleurs, employeurs, médecins, organismes publics et prestataires de services – de rehausser les attentes et d’améliorer les incitations. À partir d’un examen des bonnes et mauvaises pratiques observées dans les pays de l'OCDE, le rapport suggère qu’une série de réformes de fond s’impose afin de promouvoir l’emploi des personnes atteintes de problèmes de santé. Le rapport examine plusieurs options d’arbitrage essentielles entre des politiques de diminution du nombre de nouveaux bénéficiaires du régime d’invalidité et d’augmentation du nombre de sorties de ce régime, de maintien dans l’emploi ou de recrutement de personnes souffrant de problèmes de santé. Il s’interroge sur la nécessité de dissocier chômage et invalidité en tant qu’aléas distincts, souligne combien il importe de disposer d’une meilleure base de données d’observation et insiste sur les difficultés de mise en œuvre des politiques retenues. Dans la même série Vol. 1 : Norvège, Pologne et Suisse (2006) Vol. 2 : Australie, Luxembourg, Espagne et Royaume-Uni (2007) Vol. 3 : Danemark, Finlande, Irlande et Pays-Bas (2008) Canada : des possibilités de collaboration (2010) Sweden: Will the Recent Reforms Make It? (2009, en anglais uniquement)
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264088870-fr
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  • 99
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    OECD Principles of Occupational Pension Regulation : Methodology for Assessment and Implementation (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264087095
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de l'OCDE sur la réglementation des pensions professionnelles ; Méthodologie pour l'évaluation et la mise en œuvre
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de l'OCDE sur la réglementation des pensions professionnelles : Méthodologie pour l'évaluation et la mise en œuvre
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD principles of occupational pension regulation
    RVK:
    QV 596
    Keywords: Betriebliche Altersversorgung ; Regulierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Betriebliche Altersversorgung ; OECD ; Evaluation
    Abstract: Occupational pensions play a major role in OECD countries and worldwide, complementing retirement income from state sources. At the end of 2009, private pension savings reached USD 25 trillion. Population ageing has led many OECD countries to undertake a wide range of pension reforms – the overall effect of which has been to reduce public pension promises and, in turn, to increase the importance of private pension savings for retirement. The Core Principles cover seven key areas: i) Conditions for effective regulation and supervision; ; ii) Establishment of pension plans, pension funds, and pension fund managing companies; iii) Pension plan liabilities, funding rules, winding up, and insurance; iv) Asset Management; v) Rights of members and beneficiaries and adequacy of benefits; vi) Governance; and vii) Supervision. Each of the seven core principles consists of a main text and a set of implementing guidelines. In the case of the core principle of supervision, the supporting guidelines integrate the IOPS Principles of Private Pension Supervision. The Methodology provides a structured approach for evaluating a jurisdiction’s occupational pension regulatory system in relation to the OECD Core Principles of Occupational Pension Regulation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264087095-en
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  • 100
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    Sickness, Disability and Work: Breaking the Barriers : A Synthesis of Findings across OECD Countries (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264088856
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (166 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Maladie, invalidité et travail ; Surmonter les obstacles ; Synthèse des résultats dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Maladie, invalidité et travail : Surmonter les obstacles : Synthèse des résultats dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sickness, disability and work
    RVK:
    DT 1500
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Behinderte ; Krankheit ; Behindertenpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Behinderter Mensch ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Kranker
    Abstract: Too many workers leave the labour market permanently due to health problems or disability, and too few people with reduced work capacity manage to remain in employment. This is a social and economic tragedy common to virtually all OECD countries. It also raises an apparent paradox that needs explaining: Why is it that the average health status is improving, yet large numbers of people of working age are leaving the workforce to rely on long-term sickness and disability benefits? This report, the last in the OECD series Sickness, Disability and Work: Breaking the Barriers, synthesises the project’s findings and explores the possible factors behind the paradox described above. It highlights the roles of institutions and policies and concludes that higher expectations and better incentives for the main actors – workers, employers, doctors, public agencies and service providers – are crucial. Based on a review of good and bad practices across OECD countries, this report suggests a series of major reforms are needed to promote employment of people with health problems. The report examines a number of critical policy choices between: tightening inflows and raising outflows from disability benefit, and promoting job retention and new hiring of people with health problems. It questions the need for distinguishing unemployment and disability as two distinct contingencies, emphasises the need for a better evidence base, and underlines the challenges for policy implementation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264088856-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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