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  • 2015-2019  (555)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (555)
  • Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest
  • Science and Technology  (293)
  • Employment  (280)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264591134 , 9789264410503 , 9789264988521
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Risk Management Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Good governance for critical infrastructure resilience
    Keywords: Infrastrukturpolitik ; Good Governance ; Risikomanagement ; Energy ; Environment ; Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Critical infrastructures are the backbone of modern, interconnected economies. The disruption of key systems and essential services - such as telecommunications, energy or water supply, transportation or finance - can cause substantial economic damage. This report looks at how to boost critical infrastructure resilience in a dynamic risk landscape, and discusses policy options and governance models to promote up-front resilience investments. Based on an international survey, the report analyses the progressive shift of critical infrastructure policies from asset protection to system resilience. The findings are reflected in a proposed Policy Toolkit for the Governance of Critical Infrastructure Resilience, which can guide governments in taking a more coherent, preventive approach to protecting and sustaining essential services.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264661769 , 9789264671805 , 9789264653078
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Connecting People with Jobs
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strengthening active labour market policies in Italy
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Italien ; Employment ; Italy ; Italien ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Abstract: This report on Italy is the sixth country study published in a series of reports looking into how policies connect people with jobs. It discusses how active labour market policies in Italy are performing both on the national and the regional level, focussing particularly on the reform process in the system of public employment services initiated by the Jobs Act. The ongoing reform has good potential to improve the performance of employment services in Italy, particularly if the stakeholders of the system cooperate to establish a binding performance management framework and develop national IT infrastructure supporting the tasks of the local offices to serve jobseekers and employers. The National Agency for Active Labour Market Policies has a key role in encouraging the cooperation between the stakeholders, leading the development of new tools and methodologies and thus supporting the local employment offices to implement the new service model. Besides the general reform process, the review looks at some specific approaches regarding providing employment services in Italy – using jobseeker profiling tools to target active labour market policies; increasing quality and capacity of employment services by contracting out employment services to private service providers; and reaching out to employers and advancing demand-side services.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264489158 , 9789264584877 , 9789264554290
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital government review of Sweden
    Keywords: E-Government ; Schweden ; Agriculture and Food ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Behörde ; E-Government
    Abstract: This digital government review asseses the state of data-driven policies and initiatives in the Swedish public sector. It explores the underlying institutional governance and co-ordination arrangements for digital government in the country, and their impact on policy implementation. It also discusses data-sharing and managing initiatives, data governance and open government data practices. The review looks at how Sweden could better share knowledge, promote innovation and improve collaboration both across the public sector and with external stakeholders. Finally, it highlights how the government can use data to build a closer relationship with citizens in order to address policy challenges, improve public service delivery, and, ultimately, strengthen public trust.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264617452 , 9789264312302 , 9789264930384
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (128 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Getting Skills Right
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Community education and training in South Africa
    Keywords: Erwachsenenbildung ; Südafrika ; Education ; Employment ; South Africa
    Abstract: Adult learning systems play a crucial role in helping people adapt to the changing world of work and develop relevant skills. Community Education and Training has been brought forward as a possible way to foster adult learning in South Africa, especially among disadvantaged groups. South Africa has a relatively large group of adults who have low levels of education and skills, and limited opportunities for skills development. This report looks at the potential role that Community Education and Training could play in South Africa, how the system should be financed, how to align the training offer with community needs, and how to ensure high-quality provision. The report provides international good practise examples and suggests actions that South African stakeholders might consider to develop the Community Education and Training system.
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789264790476 , 9789264865747 , 9789264638860
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD Ministerial Conference on SMEs (3. : 2018 : Mexiko, Stadt) Strengthening SMEs and entrepreneurship for productivity and inclusive growth
    Keywords: KMU ; Entrepreneurship ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Gründungsförderung ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Employment ; Industry and Services ; Konferenzschrift 2018 ; OECD ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Mittelstandsförderung
    Abstract: SMEs that grow have a considerable positive impact on employment creation, innovation, productivity growth and competitiveness. Digital technologies and global value chains offer new opportunities for SMEs to participate in the global economy, innovate and strengthen productivity. Yet SMEs are lagging behind in the digital transition and are disproportionately affected by market failures, trade barriers, policy inefficiencies and the quality of institutions. A cross-cutting approach to SME policy can enhance SME innovation and scale-up, as well as their contributions to inclusive growth. This includes a business environment conducive to risk-taking and experimentation by entrepreneurs, as well as access to entrepreneurship competencies, management and workforce skills, technology, innovation, and networks.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264871311 , 9789264640115 , 9789264335356
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Mesurer les activités scientifiques, technologiques et d'innovation
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Oslo Manual 2018: Guidelines for Collecting, Reporting and Using Data on Innovation, 4th Edition
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Oslo vadovas 2018: Duomenų apie inovacijas rinkimo, teikimo ir naudojimo gairės, Ketvirtasis Leidimas Mokslinės, technologinės ir inovacinės veiklos vertinimas
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Qu'est-ce que l'innovation et comment s'y prendre pour la mesurer ? Comprendre l'échelle des activités d'innovation, les caractéristiques des entreprises innovantes, ainsi que les facteurs internes et systémiques en jeu est une condition préalable essentielle à la mise en œuvre et l'analyse des politiques destinées à stimuler l'innovation. Paru pour la première fois en 1992, le Manuel d'Oslo s'est imposé comme une référence internationale pour la collecte et l'utilisation des données sur l'innovation. Pour cette quatrième édition, le manuel a été étoffé afin de couvrir un éventail plus large de phénomènes liés à l'innovation et de tenir compte de l'expérience acquise au fil des cycles récents des enquêtes connexes réalisées dans les pays de l'OCDE, dans les économies partenaires et par d'autres organisations.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264726840
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (84 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital government in Peru
    Keywords: E-Government ; Digitalisierung ; Peru ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Peru
    Abstract: This digital government study explores the state of the digitalisation of the public sector in Peru. It addresses recent efforts to build an institutional and legal framework to support the digital transformation of the public sector. It also discusses the design and delivery of, and access to, public services, and the role that digital technologies can play in improving them. Finally, this report assesses the state of data governance and open data in Peru’s public sector.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789264926493 , 9789264581647 , 9789264323919
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: La recherche et l'innovation dans l'enseignement
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Measuring Innovation in Education 2019: What Has Changed in the Classroom?
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Pour améliorer l'éducation, il est capital de comprendre et de mesurer l'innovation. La base de connaissances internationales en matière d'éducation serait sensiblement élargie en assurant un suivi systématique de l'évolution des pratiques au sein des classes et dans les établissements d'éducation, du développement professionnel des enseignants, de l'utilisation des ressources pédagogiques, et des pratiques de communication des établissements d'enseignement avec leur communauté. On pourrait aussi comprendre comment sont associées les évolutions et l'innovation d'un côté et de meilleurs résultats en matière d'éducation de l'autre. Les décideurs politiques seraient ainsi à même de mieux cibler les interventions et les ressources, et d'obtenir rapidement un retour d'informations permettant de déterminer si les réformes ont modifié les pratiques éducatives conformément aux attentes. Par ailleurs, cela permettrait de mieux comprendre les conditions propices à l'innovation dans l'éducation ainsi que ses répercussions. Cette nouvelle édition de Mesurer l'innovation dans l'éducation examine ce qui a changé (ou pas) pour les étudiants pendant la dernière decénnie dans les systèmes éducatifs de l'OCDE et couvre environ 150 pratiques éducatives dans sa version originale (et un peu moins dans cette version française abrégée). Elle met en lumière l'innovation systémique dans l'enseignement primaire et secondaire, en mettant l'accent sur l'innovation pédagogique. L'utilisation de la technologie s'est-elle propagée? Les évaluations sont-elles devenues plus fréquentes? Les élèves ont-ils plus d'autonomie dans leur apprentissage? Est-ce qu'on leur demande de plus en plus de mémoriser des faits et des procédures? Est-ce que plus d’élèves ont des enseignants qui participent eux-même à des activités d’apprentissage? Voici quelques-unes des questions auxquelles répond ce livre. Des premiers pas vers l’établissement d’un lien entre l’innovation et les performances éducatives sont également réalisés. Ce livre intéressera toutes les parties prenantes désireuses de comprendre l'évolution des pratiques éducatives. Cette version abrégée ne contient, outre le résumé, que les chapitres où la majorité des indicateurs comprennent les systèmes éducatifs francophones. La version intégrale du rapport est disponible en anglais sur le site de l’OCDE.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789264449961 , 9789264995673 , 9789264518797
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Open Government Data Report: Enhancing Policy Maturity for Sustainable Impact
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Ce rapport offre un aperçu détaillé de l’état des politiques de données ouvertes dans les pays membres de l’OCDE et de ses partenaires, se basant principalement sur les données récoltées par les enquêtes de l’OCDE sur les données publiques ouvertes en 2013, 2014 et 2016, sur celles des revues de pays et des analyses comparatives faîtes par l’OCDE. Le rapport analyse les politiques de données ouvertes en utilisant un cadre analytique conforme à l’indice OURdata sur les données publiques ouvertes, utiles et réutilisables et à la Charte internationale des données ouvertes (International Open Data Charter). Il évalue les efforts déployés par les gouvernements pour renforcer la disponibilité, l'accessibilité et la réutilisation des données publiques ouvertes. Le rapport soutient qu’au-delà de l'engagement des pays à ouvrir des données gouvernementales de qualité, la création de valeur publique nécessite la mobilisation des différentes communautés d'utilisateurs de l'ensemble de l'écosystème, tel que les journalistes, les organisations de la société civile, les entrepreneurs, les grandes entreprises technologiques privées et les universités. Le rapport souligne également le fait que les politiques de données ouvertes sont des éléments de transformations numériques plus larges et que les politiques de données du secteur public nécessitent une interaction avec d'autres programmes publics, tels que celles du gouvernement ouvert, de l'innovation, l'emploi, l'intégrité, la budgétisation publique, le développement durable, la mobilité urbaine et les transports. Il met aussi l’accent sur la pertinence de mesurer les impacts des données ouvertes afin de soutenir l'analyse de rentabilisation (i.e. le business case) des données publiques ouvertes.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264995833
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (300 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Settling In 2018: Indicators of Immigrant Integration
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Trouver ses marques 2018 : Les indicateurs de l'intégration des immigrés
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Diese Gemeinschaftspublikation von OECD und Europäischer Kommission bietet einen vergleichenden Überblick über die Integrationsergebnisse von Migranten und ihren Kindern in sämtlichen EU- und OECD-Ländern sowie ausgewählten G20-Ländern. Sie basiert auf 74 Indikatoren zu 3 Themenbereichen: Beschäftigung und Kompetenzen, Lebensbedingungen sowie bürgerschaftliches Engagement und soziale Integration. Detaillierte Daten zu den Merkmalen der Zuwandererbevölkerung und der Zuwandererhaushalte ermöglichen die bessere Einordnung dieses Vergleichs. In drei Sonderkapiteln geht es um geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede bei der Integration der Zugewanderten, junge Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund und Drittstaatsangehörige in der Europäischen Union.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264842441 , 9789264783195 , 9789264573925
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Seven Questions about Apprenticeships: Answers from International Experience
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L'apprentissage et l'alternance en sept questions : Leçons des expériences internationales
    Keywords: Education ; Employment
    Abstract: Nachdem betriebliche Ausbildungen und andere Formen des arbeitsplatzbasierten Lernens in vielen Ländern eine gewisse Zeit relativ vernachlässigt worden sind, gewinnen sie nun wieder an Bedeutung. Dabei wird zunehmend gewürdigt, dass sie nicht nur den Übergang von der Schule ins Erwerbsleben erleichtern, sondern auch für die Wirtschaft von Nutzen sind. Es ist allerdings nach wie vor eine große Herausforderung, Auszubildende, Ausbildungsbetriebe, Sozialpartner sowie Bildungs- und Ausbildungssysteme in das arbeitsplatzbasierte Lernen einzubinden. Vor diesem Hintergrund enthält Sieben Fragen zur betrieblichen Ausbildung Anregungen zur Ausgestaltung und Umsetzung hochwertiger betrieblicher Ausbildungen unter Verwendung von Material aus dem OECD-Projekt Lernen am Arbeitsplatz in der beruflichen Bildung. Dieser Bericht liefert Antworten auf sieben Fragen, die sich die einzelnen Länder und Politikverantwortlichen häufig stellen, wenn es darum geht, Ausbildungssysteme für junge Menschen und/oder ältere Arbeitskräfte einzuführen oder zu reformieren. Können betriebliche Ausbildungen in jedem Land einen sinnvollen Beitrag leisten? Sollten Unternehmen finanzielle Ausbildungsanreize erhalten? Wie sieht eine angemessene Ausbildungsvergütung aus und wie lange sollte eine betriebliche Ausbildung dauern? Wie lassen sich gute Lernerfahrungen im Betrieb gewährleisten? Wie kann die betriebliche Ausbildung auf förderungsbedürftige junge Menschen ausgerichtet werden? Und wie kann das Interesse potenzieller Auszubildender geweckt werden? Ausgehend von neuen Analysen und konkreten Beispielen aus der ganzen Welt stellt diese Studie Grundregeln für ein erfolgreiches Praxishandeln vor.
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  • 12
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers no. 222
    Keywords: Öffentliche Meinung ; Einwanderung ; Flüchtlinge ; Kultursoziologie ; Europa ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Nordic countries such as Sweden, Norway and Finland have been consistently the most favourable to immigration while eastern European countries such as the Czech Republic and Hungary have been the least favourable. Despite their relatively high average levels of support for immigration, however, many countries of western and northern Europe are quite strongly polarized internally along educational and age lines. This can perhaps explain why political divisions over immigration can be so salient in these countries. Comparing results from 2002/03 and 2016/07, one finds that European attitudes were on average quite stable. However, a number of countries became more generous while several others became more negative. On the issue of government policy towards refugees, there was a marked shift in a negative direction after the 2015/16 refugee crisis. Countries such as Austria, Germany, and Sweden which had experienced large inflows of refugees showed particularly large declines in public support for generous government policy towards asylum requests.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 13
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers no. 17 (January 2019)
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers
    Keywords: Unconventional monetary policy ; productivity ; capital reallocation ; bond markets ; United States ; United States ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: We examine the relationship between lax monetary policy, access to high-yield bond markets and productivity in the US between 2008 and 2016. Using monetary policy surprises, obtained from changes in interest rates futures in narrow windows around FOMC announcements, we isolate the increased access to high-yield bond markets relative to investment-grade bond markets that is due to unconventional monetary policy (UMP). We find that through the risk-taking channel, UMP has increased investors’ appetite for high-yield US corporate bonds, thereby increasing access to high-yield bond markets for firms with a higher risk profile. Since the relationship between credit ratings and firm-level productivity is U-shaped, the aggregate effect on productivity is a priori unclear. Turning to the real economy, we thus analyse whether this additional access to finance had an effect on aggregate productivity by altering the reallocation of resources across firms. Our results show that unconventional monetary policy induced less investment in tangible capital by high-productive firms. However, before drawing conclusions on the net effects of UMP on aggregate productivity, we discuss a number of issues that this paper could not deal with due to data limitations, including prominently whether this apparent misallocation may have been offset by a shift in the composition of investments towards more intangible investment.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789264985971
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (62 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD reviews of vocational education and training
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bergseng, Benedicte Vocational education and training in Bulgaria
    Keywords: Berufsbildung ; Berufsbildungspolitik ; Bulgarien ; Education ; Employment ; Bulgaria ; Bulgarien ; Berufsausbildung
    Abstract: Over recent years, Bulgaria has shown great willingness to reform its vocational education and training (VET). Significant challenges remain, however, relating notably to the system’s responsiveness to labour market needs and its capacity to ensure equitable outcomes for learners. This report is a focused review of two predefined issues, the governance and funding of VET. These are two fundamental elements within the delivery of skilled VET graduates. The report assesses the strengths of the Bulgarian VET system and the challenges it faces when it comes to governance and funding and suggests policy responses for how these challenges can be addressed. Four specific challenges are identified linked to the governance of the VET system: decision-making powers and capacity; the use of data and evidence to inform policy decisions; social partner engagement; and, oversight of adult VET learning provision. With regard to VET funding, both school level financial autonomy, and the capacity to act upon increased flexibilities, are currently modest. The report argues that potential exists to strengthen collaboration between schools and employers to achieve increased cost-sharing between government and private firms. Finally, more can be done to improve equity in VET delivery through Bulgaria’s funding formula.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789264959941
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Educational research and innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Educating 21st century children
    Keywords: Kinder ; Kinderbetreuung ; Digitalisierung ; Sozialer Indikator ; Zufriedenheit ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: What is the nature of childhood today? On a number of measures, modern children’s lives have clearly improved thanks to better public safety and support for their physical and mental health. New technologies help children to learn, socialise and unwind, and older, better-educated parents are increasingly playing an active role in their children's education. At the same time, we are more connected than ever before, and many children have access to tablets and smartphones before they learn to walk and talk. Twenty-first century children are more likely to be only children, increasingly pushed to do more by “helicopter parents” who hover over their children to protect them from potential harm. In addition to limitless online opportunities, the omnipresent nature of the digital world brings new risks, like cyber-bullying, that follow children from the schoolyard into their homes. This report examines modern childhood, looking specifically at the intersection between emotional well-being and new technologies. It explores how parenting and friendships have changed in the digital age. It examines children as digital citizens, and how best to take advantage of online opportunities while minimising the risks. The volume ends with a look at how to foster digital literacy and resilience, highlighting the role of partnerships, policy and protection.
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  • 16
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers no. 223
    Keywords: Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Lohn ; Firmentarifvertrag ; Panel ; Belgien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: How do firm-level collective agreements affect firm performance in a multi-level bargaining system? Using detailed Belgian linked employer-employee panel data, our findings show that firm agreements increase both wage costs and labour productivity (with respect to sector-level agreements). Relying on a recent approach developed by Bartolucci (2014), they also indicate that firm agreements exert a stronger impact on wages than on productivity, so that on average profitability is hampered. However, this rent-sharing effect only holds in sectors where firms are more concentrated. Firm agreements are thus mainly found to raise wages beyond labour productivity when the rents to be shared between workers and firms are relatively big. Overall, this suggests that firm-level agreements benefit both employers and employees – through higher productivity and wages – without being detrimental to firms’ gross profits.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 17
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers no. 19 (October 2019)
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Productivity growth has declined in most advanced economies in the past two decades and there are signs that the pace of global value chain (GVC) integration has slowed in the post-crisis period. This paper explores the role of GVCs - international trade in intermediate inputs - for multi-factor productivity growth using a range of cross-country industry-level data sources. We find that greater participation in GVCs is associated with faster domestic productivity growth at the industry level. We estimate that if GVCs had continued to grow at their pre-crisis trend, productivity growth would have been around 1 percentage point faster over the subsequent five years in both manufacturing and services. We also find that the productivity-enhancing direction of trade differs between sectors. For manufacturing sectors, greater use of intermediate inputs from foreign sources (backward participation) is linked with faster productivity growth, reflecting the beneficial effects of having access to better quality or cheaper inputs. For services sectors, it is more the sales of intermediates (forward participation) that is associated with productivity gains, in line with the traditional role of services in foreign trade as providing inputs to other activities. Looking by partner country, GVC participation with higher productivity countries is particularly productivity enhancing. We also find that GVC integration spurs greater domestic innovation activity.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264406940
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (86 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Getting skills right
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Financial incentives to promote adult learning in Australia
    Keywords: Erwachsenenbildung ; Lebenslanges Lernen ; Anreiz ; Australien ; Education ; Employment ; Australia ; Australien ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Bildungsfinanzierung
    Abstract: Australia requires a strong system of adult learning to position firms and workers to succeed as skill demand changes. The country has scope to improve the coverage and inclusiveness of its adult learning system as coverage has declined since 2012, and several vulnerable groups are under-represented. Financial incentives, if carefully designed, can raise participation in adult learning by addressing cost and time barriers. This report summarises the advantages and disadvantages with various financial incentives to promote adult learning based on international and Australian experience. Drawing from these insights, as well as analysis of individual and firm-level barriers, the report provides policy recommendations for how Australia could reform its financial incentives to boost participation.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264606784
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (106 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD reviews on local job creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Indigenous employment and skills strategies in Australia
    Keywords: Erwerbstätigkeit ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Indigene Völker ; Australien ; Education ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Australia ; Australien ; Indigenes Volk ; Beschäftigungsstruktur ; Fähigkeit
    Abstract: Innovative ways of working with Indigenous Australians are needed to improve their employment prospects, especially as many work in jobs that are most likely to be impacted by digitalisation and automation in the future. This report considers both quantitative and qualitative data regarding employment, skills, and entrepreneurship opportunities for Indigenous Australians. A number of case studies were undertaken with employment and training providers in the cities of Sydney and Perth to gain insights into the delivery of employment and skills programmes targeted to Indigenous Australians. The report highlights critical success factors to better link Indigenous Australians to high quality jobs while also providing recommendations regarding future employment and skills programming.
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  • 20
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers no. 224
    Keywords: Arbeitslosigkeit ; Arbeitsuche ; Arbeitsverwaltung ; Arbeitsvermittlung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Profiling tools help to deliver employment services more efficiently. They can ensure that more costly, intensive services are targeted at jobseekers most at risk of becoming long term unemployed. Moreover, the detailed information on the employment barriers facing jobseekers obtained through the profiling process can be used to tailor services more closely to their individual needs. While other forms of profiling exist, the focus is on statistical profiling, which makes use of statistical models to predict jobseekers’ likelihood of becoming long-term unemployed. An overview on profiling tools currently used throughout the OECD is presented, considerations for the development of such tools, and some insights into the latest developments such as using “click data” on job searches and advanced machine learning techniques. Also discussed are the limitations of statistical profiling tools and options for policymakers on how to address those in the development and implementation of statistical profiling tools.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264311053
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 189 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rethinking innovation for a sustainable ocean economy
    Keywords: Meeresnutzung ; Meeresschutz ; Umwelttechnik ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Welt ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Meeresnutzung ; Umwelttechnik ; Technischer Fortschritt
    Abstract: This new OECD report on the ocean economy emphasises the growing importance of science and technologies in improving the sustainable economic development of our seas and ocean. Marine ecosystems sit at the heart of many of the world’s global challenges: food, medicines, new sources of clean energy, climate regulation, job creation and inclusive growth. But we need to safeguard and improve the health of marine ecosystems to support our ever-growing use of marine resources. Innovation in science and technology will play a key role in reconciling these two objectives. This report identifies three priority areas for action based on a number of in-depth case studies: 1) approaches that produce win-win outcomes for ocean business and the ocean environment across a range of marine and maritime applications; 2) the creation of ocean-economy innovation networks; and 3) new pioneering initiatives to improve measurement of the ocean economy.
    Note: Literaturangaben , Acrobat Reader.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264305823
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Investing in Youth
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investing in youth
    Keywords: Bildungsinvestition ; Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Jugendliche ; Jugendpolitik ; Peru ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Peru
    Abstract: The present report on Peru is part of the series on "Investing in Youth", which builds on the expertise of the OECD on youth employment, social support and skills. This series covers both OECD countries and countries in the process of accession to the OECD, as well as some emerging economies. The report provides a detailed diagnosis of youth policies in the areas of social, employment, education and training policies. Its main focus is on young people who are not in employment, education or training (the "NEETs"). Earlier reviews in the same series have looked at youth policies in Brazil (2014), Latvia and Tunisia (2015), Australia, Lithuania and Sweden (2016), Japan (2017), and Norway (2018).
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 23
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers no. 18 (January 2019)
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report presents new evidence on industry concentration trends in Europe and in North America. It uses two novel data sources: representative firm-level concentration measures from the OECD MultiProd project, and business-group-level concentration measures using matched Orbis-Worldscope-Zephyr data. Based on the MultiProd data, it finds that between 2001 and 2012 the average industry across 10 European economies saw a 2-3-percentage-point increase in the share of the 10% largest companies in industry sales. Using the Orbis-Worldscope-Zephyr data, it documents a clear increase in industry concentration in Europe as well as in North America between 2000 and 2014 of the order of 4-8 percentage points for the average industry. Over the period, about 3 out of 4 (2-digit) industries in each region saw their concentration increase. The increase is observed for both manufacturing and non-financial services and is not driven by digital-intensive sectors.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264802377 , 9789264930346 , 9789264880122
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Talent abroad
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Brain Drain ; Auswanderung ; Rumänien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Romania ; Rumänien ; Braindrain ; Auswanderung
    Abstract: In recent years, Romania has undergone major economic, social and political transformations. Given the significant emigration of the Romanian population and the recognition of the contributions of the diaspora, Romanian authorities are seeking to better understand this pool of talent residing abroad, which has great potential to contribute to the economic and social development of Romania. This review provides the first comprehensive portrait of the Romanian diaspora in OECD countries. By profiling Romanian emigrants, this review aims to strengthen knowledge about this community and thus help to consolidate the relevance of the policies deployed by Romania towards its emigrants.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264799752 , 9789264887565 , 9789264632080
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Individual Learning Accounts: Panacea or Pandora's Box?
    Keywords: Education ; Employment
    Abstract: In einer Zeit, in der strukturelle Veränderungen Umschulungen und Höherqualifizierungen notwendig machen, steht die Weiterbildungspolitik aufgrund der in vielen Ländern beobachteten Zunahme atypischer Beschäftigungsformen und der stärkeren Fragmentierung beruflicher Laufbahnen vor neuen Herausforderungen. Individuelle Weiterbildungskonten stoßen bei den Politikverantwortlichen derzeit erneut auf Interesse, da sie die Möglichkeit bieten, Weiterbildungsansprüche von einem Arbeitsplatz oder Erwerbsstatus auf einen anderen zu übertragen. Dieser Bericht untersucht frühere und bestehende individuelle Weiterbildungskonten und andere individuelle Programme zur Finanzierung weiterführenden Lernens und stützt sich dabei auf die vorhandene Fachliteratur sowie auf sechs neue Fallstudien, die von der OECD in Auftrag gegeben wurden: das oberösterreichische Bildungskonto, das französische Compte Personnel de Formation, die schottischen Individual Learning Accounts/Individual Training Accounts, der singapurische SkillsFuture Credit, die toskanische Carta ILA und die Individual Training Accounts in Michigan und Washington in den Vereinigten Staaten. Der Bericht beschreibt die mit diesen Programmen gemachten Erfahrungen, benennt ihre Vor- und Nachteile sowie die wichtigsten Zielkonflikte und Fragen, die es bei der Konzeption eines erfolgreichen Programms zu beachten gilt, insbesondere Zielgruppenorientierung, Finanzierung, Beteiligung unterrepräsentierter Gruppen und Qualität.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264538528 , 9789264318656 , 9789264999848
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (139 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recent trends in international migration of doctors, nurses and medical students
    Keywords: Gesundheitsberufe ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Studierende ; Internationale Migration ; OECD-Staaten ; Frankreich ; Irland ; Polen ; Rumänien ; Kanada ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Medizinisches Personal ; Internationale Migration
    Abstract: This report describes recent trends in the international migration of doctors and nurses in OECD countries. Over the past decade, the number of doctors and nurses has increased in many OECD countries, and foreign-born and foreign-trained doctors and nurses have contributed to a significant extent. New in-depth analysis of the internationalisation of medical education shows that in some countries (e.g. Israel, Norway, Sweden and the United States) a large and growing number of foreign-trained doctors are people born in these countries who obtained their first medical degree abroad before coming back. The report includes four case studies on the internationalisation of medical education in Europe (France, Ireland, Poland and Romania) as well as a case study on the integration of foreign-trained doctors in Canada.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264673663 , 9789264483224 , 9789264919594
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Policy responses to new forms of work
    Keywords: Beschäftigungssystem ; Selbstständige ; Digitale Plattform ; Arbeitsvertrag ; Sozialpolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Arbeitsvertrag ; Selbstständige Arbeit ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: This report provides a snapshot of the policy actions being taken by OECD, EU and G20 countries in response to growing diversity in forms of employment, with the aim of encouraging peer learning where countries are facing similar issues. It shows that many countries are reflecting on whether existing policies and institutions are capable of addressing effectively the current (and future) challenges of a rapidly changing world of work. In recent years, many countries have seen the emergence of, and/or growth in, particular labour contract types that diverge from the standard employment relationship (i.e. full-time dependent employment of indefinite duration). These include temporary and casual contracts, as well as own-account work and platform work. Several countries have also seen growth in false self-employment, where employers seek to evade tax and regulatory dues and obligations. These changes are driving policy makers worldwide to review how policies in different areas – labour market, skills development, social protection – can best respond. How can policymakers balance the flexibility offered by a diversity of employment contracts, on the one hand, with protection for workers and businesses, on the other?
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264332485 , 9789264497627 , 9789264842342
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Individuelle Weiterbildungskonten: Allheilmittel oder Büchse der Pandora?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Individual learning accounts
    Keywords: Weiterbildung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment
    Abstract: A rise in non-standard work in many countries and an increased fragmentation of worker careers have created new challenges for training policies at a time when structural transformation is creating a need for both re- and up-skilling. Individual learning accounts have received renewed attention from policy makers, due to their ability to make training rights “portable” from one job or employment status to another. This report examines past and existing individual learning accounts and other individual schemes to finance training, based on a review of the existing literature as well as six new case studies commissioned by the OECD: The Upper Austrian Bildungskonto, the French Compte Personnel de Formation, the Scottish Individual Learning Accounts/Individual Training Accounts, the Singapore SkillsFuture Credit, the Tuscan Carta ILA, and the Individual Training Accounts in Michigan and Washington in the United States. The report takes stock of these experiences and identifies the advantages and disadvantages of such schemes, as well as the key trade-offs and questions to consider in designing a successful scheme, including targeting, funding, participation of under-represented groups and quality issues.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264686823 , 9789264943124 , 9789264353343
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (175 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Künstliche Intelligenz in der Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 사회 속의 인공지능
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Artificial Intelligence in Society
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Le paysage technique de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) s’est métamorphosé depuis 1950, lorsqu’Alan Turing s’interrogeait pour la première fois sur la capacité des machines à penser. Aujourd’hui, l’IA transforme les économies et les sociétés. Elle promet de générer des gains de productivité, d’améliorer le bien-être et de contribuer à apporter des solutions aux défis mondiaux que sont, par exemple, le changement climatique, l’épuisement des ressources et les crises sanitaires. Cependant, à l’heure où ces applications sont adoptées à travers le monde, leur utilisation soulève un certain nombre d’interrogations et de difficultés ayant trait, entre autres, aux valeurs humaines, à l’équité, à la détermination humaine, à la protection de la vie privée, à la sécurité et à la responsabilité. Le présent rapport contribue à faire émerger une compréhension commune de l’IA, sous sa forme actuelle et dans son évolution à court terme, à travers des relevés du paysage technique, économique, pratique et réglementaire de l’IA et la mise en évidence de grandes considérations de politique publique. Il contribue également à un débat coordonné et cohérent entre les diverses enceintes nationales et internationales.
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9789264311800 , 9789264313330 , 9789264313323
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als How's life in the digital age?
    Keywords: Lebensqualität ; Digitalisierung ; Sozialer Indikator ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This report documents how the ongoing digital transformation is affecting people’s lives across the 11 key dimensions that make up the How’s Life? Well-being Framework (Income and wealth, Jobs and earnings, Housing, Health status, Education and skills, Work-life balance, Civic engagement and governance, Social connections, Environmental quality, Personal security, and Subjective well-being). A summary of existing studies highlights 39 key impacts of the digital transformation on people’s well-being. The review shows that these impacts can be positive as digital technologies expand the boundaries of information availability and enhance human productivity, but can also imply risks for people’s well-being, ranging from cyber-bullying to the emergence of disinformation or cyber-hacking. In sum, making digitalisation work for people’s well-being would require building equal digital opportunities, widespread digital literacy and strong digital security. Continued research and efforts in improving statistical frameworks will be needed to expand our knowledge on the many topics covered in this report.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264182752 , 9789264736351 , 9789264773646
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How's Life in the Province of Córdoba, Argentina?
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Argentina
    Abstract: Este informe evalúa el bienestar en los cuatro aglomerados urbanos más grandes de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina) y proporciona recomendaciones de políticas para fortalecer las prácticas de desarrollo regional y, en última instancia, mejorar el bienestar de las personas. Utilizando alrededor de 30 indicadores, el informe analiza el desempeño de los aglomerados de Córdoba en 12 dimensiones de bienestar en comparación con 391 regiones de 36 países de la OCDE y 98 regiones de Brasil, Perú, Colombia y Costa Rica. El informe también documenta las desigualdades de bienestar entre los cuatro aglomerados de Córdoba y sugiere tres áreas prioritarias en las que la provincia debería enfocarse para abordar los desafíos de bienestar: i) asegurar que los indicadores de bienestar sirven para guiar la toma de decisiones en el futuro; ii) continuar fortaleciendo y modernizando el sistema estadístico provincial para expandir la base y uso de evidencia; y iii) fortalecer los mecanismos e instituciones de gobernanza para promover un desarrollo regional efectivo, eficiente e inclusivo.
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264308138 , 9789264390973 , 9789264814479
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD review of higher education, research and innovation
    Keywords: Hochschule ; Innovation ; Technologie ; Hochschulpolitik ; Produktivität ; Portugal ; Education ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Portugal ; Portugal ; Hochschule ; Innovation ; Technologie ; Hochschulpolitik
    Abstract: Portugal aims to develop a more innovative, inclusive and productive economy, and to ensure that the ensuing benefits are widely distributed, regionally and socially. This report assesses the extent to which Portugal’s higher education, research and innovation system is well configured to help Portugal achieve its vision of inclusive innovation, and identify which policy options might help it achieve its goals. The assessment and the related recommendations focus on: 1) governance, strategy and funding in higher education, research and innovation; 2) the missions, profiles and use of resources of higher education institutions; 3) undergraduate and master’s level education activities; 4) doctoral training activities; 5) academic careers; 6) high-skill employment and business innovation.
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264987272 , 9789264805958 , 9789264550100
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The space economy in figures
    Keywords: Raumfahrt ; Luftfahrtindustrie ; Welt ; Education ; Energy ; Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Raumfahrt ; Luft- und Raumfahrtindustrie
    Abstract: The space economy is expanding and becoming increasingly global, driven by the development of ever-more governmental space programmes around the world, the multiplication of commercial actors in value chains, durable digitalisation trends, and new space systems coming of age. This report describes these emerging trends using new and internationally comparable data and indicators. It highlights the growing importance of space activities for the economy, for developing country strategies (based on original official development assistance statistics), for the pursuit of knowledge and scientific discoveries, and for society in general. To get the most out of space investments and promote sustained socio-economic growth, this report provides some recommendations to countries in building up their statistical evidence on space actors and activities.
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789264874442 , 9789264357228 , 9789264814370
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The sharing and gig economy
    Keywords: Digitale Plattform ; Share Economy ; Selbstständige ; Steuer ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Taxation ; OECD ; Besteuerungsverfahren
    Abstract: This report looks at approaches to help ensure the effective taxation of those earning income from the sale of goods or services in the sharing and gig economy. It considers the different ways that tax administrations can best engage with platform sellers, sharing and gig economy platforms, and each other to enable more effective tax compliance. The report is divided into four chapters. The first chapter sets out the background to the sharing and gig economy and the role of online platforms. The second chapter provides some examples of current approaches that are being taken by OECD Forum on Tax Administration members that participated in this work. Chapter three sets out a range of options that tax administrations may wish to consider to help enable compliance in this sector. Finally, chapter four sets out three recommendations and considerations for possible further work: joint work between tax administrations and platforms on providing information and support to platform sellers; improving the evidence base to enhance understanding of the tax at risk in relation to platforms; and assisting in the possible development of a legislative model for standardised reporting by sharing and gig economy platforms.
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  • 35
    ISBN: 9789264313859 , 9789264762121 , 9789264487604
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Skills Strategy 2019: Skills to Shape a Better Future
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Estrategia de Competencias de la OCDE 2019 : Competencias para construir un futuro mejor
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Economics
    Abstract: La Stratégie de l’OCDE sur les compétences propose une approche stratégique et globale afin que les peuples et les pays puissent se doter de compétences leur permettant de s’épanouir dans un monde complexe, interconnecté et en pleine évolution. La nouvelle Stratégie 2019 de l’OCDE sur les compétences tient compte depuis 2012 des enseignements tirés de la mise en œuvre initiale de la stratégie des compétences de l’OCDE dans 11 pays, et intègre également es récentes constatations des effets des mégatendances sur les compétences, telles que la mondialisation, la transformation numérique, le vieillissement de la population et les migrations. La Stratégie tient également compte des nouvelles connaissances de l’OCDE sur les politiques en matière de compétences efficacesqui reposent sur ces trois grands axes: acquérir des compétences utiles tout au long de la vie, utiliser efficacement les compétences dans le cadre professionnel et social et, renforcer la gouvernance des systèmes de compétences.
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (70 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe What is happening to middle skill workers?
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Dieser Bericht erörtert die Frage der Situation der Arbeitskräfte des mittleren Qualifika-tionssegments und ihrer Entwicklung. Unter dem Einfluss von Megatrends wie Automa-tisierung, Bevölkerungsalterung und Outsourcing sinkt der Anteil der Arbeitsplätze, in denen diese Arbeitskräfte in der Vergangenheit beschäftigt waren und durch die sie klar in der Mitte der Lohnverteilung angesiedelt waren. Diese Abnahme des Anteils der Arbeits-plätze mit mittleren Qualifikationsanforderungen ist Teil einer Entwicklung, die als „Polarisierung der Beschäftigung“ bezeichnet wird und von Ökonomen für die Mehrzahl der Arbeitsmärkte im OECD-Raum beobachtet wurde. Wenig untersucht wurde bislang die Frage, was mit den betreffenden Arbeitskräften geschieht. Dieser Bericht befasst sich daher mit der Situation der Arbeitskräfte, die früher im mittleren Qualifikationssegment tätig gewesen wären. Dazu werden zunächst die Merkmale der Arbeitskräfte betrachtet, die in der Vergangenheit Tätigkeiten mit mittleren Qualifikationsanforderungen ausübten, um so das Profil der „typischen“ Arbeitskraft des mittleren Qualifikationssegments zu zeichnen. Ausgehend davon wird dann erörtert, welche Art von Tätigkeiten Arbeitskräfte mit diesem Profil heute aufnehmen und mit welcher Wahrscheinlichkeit sie überhaupt einer Beschäftigung nachgehen. Anschließend werden verschiedene Messgrößen der Beschäf-tigungsstabilität und der Entlohnung analysiert, um daraus abzuleiten, was die Beschäf-tigungsabnahme im mittleren Qualifikationssegment für die Arbeitsmarktaussichten bedeutet.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Science and AI: Don’t forget the human factor…
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Three reasons why Finland can stay on top
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Finland
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How policy can make a world of difference for small and medium-sized enterprises
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Employment ; Economics ; Industry and Services
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The last (plastic) straw?
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Finland
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  • 41
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Why Finland’s running circles around us: Finland is leading the way in developing a circular economy, and drawing valuable lessons too.
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Employment ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Finland
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La classe moyenne a-t-elle encore les moyens ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation ; Economics
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Middling Through
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation ; Economics
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La transformation numérique : Retour vers le futur
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264293595 , 9789264574021 , 9789264929722
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (76 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Italy
    Abstract: This report focuses on the local level integration of migrants in Rome, and provides information on the national framework for integration in Italy. While the study assumes that local authorities are at the forefront of migrant integration - providing information and essential services, ensuring access to education and the labour market, overcoming the barriers for full inclusion in the host society, and managing conflicts - local authorities are not alone. This report stresses the importance of multi-level governance of migrant integration, highlighting the key role of third sector enterprises, NGOs, business, faith-based organisations and unions. It identifies and shares selected local actions and governance practices to manage the short- and long-term effects of migration flows, and provides an international comparative of practices implemented by other EU cities, highlighting the most effective measures and lessons learned
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789264429208 , 9789264580145 , 9789264924338
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (112 Seiten) , 21 x 28cm
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany
    Abstract: The German vocational education and training (VET) system is admired around the world for its ability to prepare young people for skilled employment. In Germany, VET smooths transitions into work and is closely aligned with labour market demand. This report focuses on an unprecedented test of the German VET system: how to respond to the significant increase in migrants who arrived in the country in 2015-16. The study explores both the opportunities and the challenges presented by migration. Germany has already devoted significant attention to VET as a mechanism for enabling integration – and for good reason. Work-based learning assists integration because it demonstrably gives learners skills that employers want in real-world settings. The report assesses the barriers faced by learners in their journeys into and through VET, exploring how such challenges can be addressed. In addition, the study looks at system-wide issues in relation to how VET provision and integration policy is governed. Lastly, it explores opportunities for increased flexibility in the German VET system of relevance to all youth at risk of not succeeding in VET. In responding to migrant needs, German VET can become more inclusive without reducing quality
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveroeffentlichers)
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9789264351349 , 9789264970687 , 9789264925939
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (400 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Good Jobs for All in a Changing World of Work: The OECD Jobs Strategy
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: La révolution numérique, la mondialisation et l’évolution démographique transforment les marchés du travail au moment où les responsables publics sont aux prises avec une croissance atone de la productivité et des salaires et de fortes inégalités de revenu. La nouvelle Stratégie de l'OCDE pour l’emploi propose un cadre d’action complet et des recommandations en vue d’aider les pays à relever ces défis. Elle va au-delà de l'aspect quantitatif de l'emploi pour faire de la qualité des emplois et de l'inclusivité du marché du travail des priorités essentielles de l’action publique, tout en mettant l'accent sur l'importance de la résilience et de l'adaptabilité pour assurer le bon fonctionnement de l'économie et du marché de l'emploi, dans un monde du travail en mutation rapide. Le message clé est que des politiques renforçant la flexibilité sur les marchés des produits et du travail sont nécessaires mais pas suffisantes. Des politiques et des institutions qui protègent les travailleurs, favorisent l'inclusion et permettent aux travailleurs et aux entreprises de tirer le meilleur parti des changements en cours sont également nécessaires pour promouvoir des résultats bons et durables. « Avec sa nouvelle Stratégie pour l’emploi, l'OCDE fait le point, de façon intelligente et judicieuse, sur les moyens que les pays doivent utiliser pour atteindre l’objectif d’une prospérité partagée. J’espère que les décideurs du monde entier vont non seulement la lire mais aussi mettre en pratique ses conseils avisés. » Jason Furman, Professeur à la Harvard Kennedy School et ancien Président du Comité des conseillers économiques du Président Barack Obama. « Les inégalités, la précarité économique et l’exclusion font la une de l’actualité. La colère gronde et le populisme gagne du terrain. Que peut-on faire ? Quelles stratégies adopter ? Telles sont les questions essentielles que passe en revue le nouveau rapport sur la Stratégie pour l’emploi de l'OCDE. J'espère qu’il permettra d’amorcer les débats très sérieux que ces questions méritent. » Olivier Blanchard, Senior Fellow au Peterson Institute, Professeur émérite au MIT et ancien Chef économiste du FMI.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264845930 , 9789264565388 , 9789264574397
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Regions in industrial transition
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Regionalentwicklung ; Industrieregion ; Alte Industrieregion ; Regionalpolitik ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; Regionale Wirtschaftsplanung ; Regionale Wirtschaftsförderung ; Industriepolitik
    Abstract: This report offers guidance on how to manage industrial transition and is directed towards all policymakers seeking to improve the “what” and “how” of policies that promote industrial change. It identifies how regions in industrial transition can become more competitive and more resilient in the context of major shifts brought about by globalisation, decarbonisation and ongoing technological change. It takes stock of discussions emanating from a series of peer-learning workshops jointly organised in 2018 by the European Commission and the OECD. The report presents a number of implementation tools that policymakers have at their disposal to activate regional innovation potential to help tackle these challenges and the often accompanying ones such as an unsuitable skills base, unemployment due to deindustrialisation, and limited investment opportunities. Bringing together economic analysis and regional and country practice from the participating regions and countries on the topics of the future of work, entrepreneurship, innovation, transitioning to a climate-neutral economy and inclusive growth, the report identifies cross-cutting lessons to help policy-makers better design the next generation of smart specialisation and regional innovation strategies.
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  • 51
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264524538 , 9789264850866 , 9789264362574
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Negotiating our way up
    Keywords: Tarifverhandlungen ; Tarifvertrag ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; OECD ; Tarifpolitik ; Tarifverhandlung ; Tarifvertrag
    Abstract: Collective bargaining and workers’ voice are often discussed in the past rather than in the future tense, but can they play a role in the context of a rapidly changing world of work? This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the functioning of collective bargaining systems and workers’ voice arrangements across OECD countries, and new insights on their effect on labour market performance today. The publication provides a detailed review of existing collective bargaining institutions and workers’ voice arrangements. It analyses the role of these institutions for employment, wages, labour market inclusiveness, as well as non-monetary aspects of job quality. The publication also discusses how collective bargaining can be mobilised to address emerging challenges in the labour market, and identifies the type of government intervention that may be required to do this. The report provides a resource for policy makers, trade unions and employers’ organisations interested in understanding how collective bargaining and workers' voice can be used to complement public regulation in shaping ever-changing labour markets.
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  • 52
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264360037 , 9789264327436 , 9789264914438
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Part-time and partly equal
    Keywords: Teilzeitarbeit ; Geschlechterunterschiede ; Niederlande ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands
    Abstract: The Netherlands performs well on many measures of gender equality, but the country faces a persistent equality challenge between women and men: the high share of women in part-time jobs. Nearly 60% of women in the Dutch labour market work part-time, roughly three times the OECD average for women, and over three times the rate for Dutch men. The Netherlands’ gender gap in hours worked contributes to the gender gap in earnings, the gender gap in pensions, women’s slower progression into management roles, and the unequal division of unpaid work at home. These gaps typically widen with parenthood, as mothers often reduce hours in the labour market to take on more unpaid care work at home. The Dutch government must redouble its efforts to achieve gender equality. Better social policy support can help level the playing field between men and women, contribute to more egalitarian norms around the division of work, and foster more gender-equal behaviour in paid and unpaid work in the Netherlands.
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  • 53
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264864689
    Language: Latvian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (215 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in Latvia
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Latvia
    Abstract: Latvijai, kas ir Eiropas Savienības dalībvalsts kopš 2004. gada, ir maza, dinamiska un atvērta ekonomika, kas veiksmīgi pārgājusi no centrālās plānošanas uz tirgus ekonomiku. Uzsāktās reformas ir veicinājušas progresu, lai gan kopumā no zema starta līmeņa un lauksaimniecībā lēnākā tempā nekā ekonomikā kopumā. Šajā ziņojumā aplūkoti apstākļi, kādos Latvijas pārtikas un lauksaimniecības nozares saimniecības un uzņēmumi veic inovācijas, lai kļūtu produktīvāki un videi draudzīgāki. Tajā apzinātas iespējas, kā arī problēmas, kas vēl jārisina. To skaitā ir prasmju nepietiekamība, emigrācija un iedzīvotāju skaita samazināšanās, kā arī iedzīvotāju un pakalpojumu koncentrācija pilsētās, kas skar visu tautsaimniecību. Nozares līmenī ir problēmas ar lauksaimniecības atbalsta maksājumu izmantošanu nekomerciālu saimniecību atbalstam un augsts neapmaksātā darbaspēka līmenis lauku saimniecībās. Risinot šīs problēmas, lauksaimniecības inovācijas var izmantot, lai uzlabotu nozares produktivitāti, kā arī pārtikas sistēmas ilgtspēju un efektivitāti. Šajā pārskatā sniegti vairāki ieteikumi, kas ļautu lauksaimniecības politikai veicināt labi funkcionējošu inovācijas sistēmu, kura spētu risināt nākotnes problēmas.
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  • 54
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264545199 , 9789264925434 , 9789264366039
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (139 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Künstliche Intelligenz in der Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 사회 속의 인공지능
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L’intelligence artificielle dans la société
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Artificial intelligence in society
    Keywords: Künstliche Intelligenz ; Gesellschaft ; Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The artificial intelligence (AI) landscape has evolved significantly from 1950 when Alan Turing first posed the question of whether machines can think. Today, AI is transforming societies and economies. It promises to generate productivity gains, improve well-being and help address global challenges, such as climate change, resource scarcity and health crises. Yet, as AI applications are adopted around the world, their use can raise questions and challenges related to human values, fairness, human determination, privacy, safety and accountability, among others. This report helps build a shared understanding of AI in the present and near-term by mapping the AI technical, economic, use case and policy landscape and identifying major public policy considerations. It is also intended to help co-ordination and consistency with discussions in other national and international fora.
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  • 55
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264661059
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (159 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als In-depth productivity review of Belgium
    Keywords: Produktivität ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Belgien ; Employment ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Belgium ; Belgien ; Produktivität
    Abstract: Belgium has a high level of productivity. However, growth of productivity has declined quite strongly over the past two decades, and more so than in other advanced economies. This is a worrying development, as fewer productivity gains mean less wage growth and a slowdown in improvements to pensions, health care and well-being. This In-Depth Productivity Review of Belgium assesses in detail the drivers of productivity and recommends a 7-Point Action Plan to reignite productivity growth in Belgium. Reviving productivity growth requires action in many areas cutting across governments and ministerial competences. Measures are needed to instil more dynamism in Belgium’s economy, both among businesses and in the labour market, and to make the public finances more growth-oriented. In addition to recommending detailed policy measures to revive productivity growth, the Review contains three analytical chapters that lay out the evidence base: Chapter 1 on economy-wide and sectoral trends in productivity; Chapter 2 on the role of firms for productivity, with a focus on the dispersion of performance among businesses; and Chapter 3 on the worker dimension of productivity, with a focus on the role of wage bargaining and skills.
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  • 56
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264948716 , 9789264800380 , 9789264941083
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Gute Strategien für gute Berufe in der frühen Bildung
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Good practice for good jobs in early childhood education and care
    Keywords: Sozialberufe ; Frühkindliche Bildung ; Kinderbetreuung ; Qualifikation ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Kleinkinderziehung ; Kinderbetreuung ; Sozialberuf ; Qualifikation
    Abstract: Recruiting and retaining skilled staff is a long-standing challenge for the early childhood education and care (ECEC) sector. OECD countries are increasingly demanding that ECEC staff be highly skilled and highly qualified, but a combination of low wages, a lack of status and public recognition, poor working conditions, and limited opportunities for professional development mean that recruitment and retention are frequently difficult. What can countries do to build a highly qualified and well-trained ECEC workforce? What is the best route to increasing staff skills without exacerbating staff shortages? How can countries boost pay and working conditions in the context of limited resources? Building on past OECD work on early childhood education and care, and drawing on the experience of OECD countries, this report outlines good practice policy measures for improving jobs in ECEC and for constructing a high-quality workforce.
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9789264762428
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (102 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perfilando la transformación digital en América Latina : Mayor productividad para una vida mejor
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report discusses policies and approaches to spur sustainable and inclusive digital transformation in the LAC region across seven action areas: enhancing access to digital technologies; strengthening their effective use; enabling digital innovation; ensuring quality jobs for all; promoting an inclusive digital society; strengthening trust; and fostering market openness. The report also aims to contribute to the preparation of an action plan that will support the region’s efforts to reap the benefits of the digital transformation. This publication was prepared to support the discussions of the OECD Latin America and the Caribbean Regional Programme’s Third Ministerial Summit on Productivity “Harnessing the Digital Transformation to Boost Productivity in in Latin America and the Caribbean”. It draws on OECD work on carried out in the context of the Going Digital project, as well as a range of work specific to the LAC region, such as the OECD-IDB report Broadband Policies for Latin America and the Caribbean, the OECD Reviews of Telecommunication Policies in Mexico and Colombia, and the OECD Going Digital Reviews of Colombia and Brazil.
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  • 58
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264311992 , 9789264312043 , 9789264312050
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Cómo medir la transformación digital : Hoja de ruta para el futuro
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring the digital transformation
    RVK:
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Messung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: Measuring the Digital Transformation: A Roadmap for the Future provides new insights into the state of the digital transformation by mapping indicators across a range of areas – from education and innovation, to trade and economic and social outcomes – against current digital policy issues, as presented in Going Digital: Shaping Policies, Improving Lives. In so doing, it identifies gaps in the current measurement framework, assesses progress made towards filling these gaps and sets-out a forward-looking measurement roadmap. The goal is to expand the evidence base, as a means to lay the ground for more robust policies for growth and well-being in the digital era.
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  • 59
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264637382 , 9789264585423 , 9789264483590
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rejuvenating Korea
    Keywords: Sozialer Wandel ; Familienpolitik ; Südkorea ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: Korean families are changing fast. While birth rates remain low, Koreans are marrying and starting a family later than ever before, if at all. Couple-with-children households, the dominant household type in Korea until recently, will soon make up fewer than one quarter of all households. These changes will have a profound effect on Korea’s future. Among other things, the Korean labour force is set to decline by about 2.5 million workers by 2040, with potential major implications for economic performance and the sustainability of public finances. Since the early 2000s, public policy has changed to help parents reconcile work and family commitments: Korea has developed a comprehensive formal day-care and kindergarten system with enrolment rates that are now on par with the Nordic countries. Korea also has one year of paid parental leave for both parents, but only about 25% of mothers and 5% of fathers use it, as workplace cultures are often not conducive to parents, especially fathers, taking leave. Cultural change will take time, but this review suggests there also is a need for additional labour market, education and social policy reform to help Koreans achieve both work and family aspirations, and contribute to the rejuvenation of Korean society.
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  • 60
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264313835 , 9789264613645 , 9789264546431
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Stratégie 2019 de l'OCDE sur les compétences : Des compétences pour construire un avenir meilleur
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Estrategia de Competencias de la OCDE 2019 : Competencias para construir un futuro mejor
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD skills strategy 2019
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Qualifikation ; Erwachsenenbildung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Skills Strategy provides a strategic and comprehensive approach for ensuring that people and countries have the skills to thrive in a complex, interconnected and rapidly changing world. The updated 2019 OECD Skills Strategy takes account of the lessons learned from applying the original skills strategy in 11 countries since 2012, while also incorporating new OECD evidence about the skills implications of megatrends, such as globalisation, digitalisation, population ageing, and migration. The Strategy also incorporates new learning from across the OECD about skills policies that work in these three broad components: developing relevant skills over the life course, using skills effectively in work and society, and strengthening the governance of skills systems.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789264544703 , 9789264457188 , 9789264625099
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The supply of medical isotopes
    Keywords: Medizinprodukt ; Strahlentherapie ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Nuklearmedizin
    Abstract: This report explores the main reasons behind the unreliable supply of Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) in health-care systems and policy options to address the issue. Tc-99m is used in 85% of nuclear medicine diagnostic scans performed worldwide – around 30 million patient examinations every year. These scans allow diagnoses of diseases in many parts of the human body, including the skeleton, heart and circulatory system, and the brain. Medical isotopes are subject to radioactive decay and have to be delivered just-in-time through a complex supply chain. However, ageing production facilities and a lack of investment have made the supply of Tc-99m unreliable. This report analyses the use and substitutability of Tc-99m in health care, health-care provider payment mechanisms for scans, and the structure of the supply chain. It concludes that the main reasons for unreliable supply are that production is not economically viable and that the structure of the supply chain prevents producers from charging prices that reflect the full costs of production and supply.
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  • 62
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.195
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Children in the 21st century are avid users of technology - more so than generations past. This rise in use has led to much attention on the consequences of technology use, and how this impacts children’s brains and their socio-emotional, cognitive and physical development. Much of the research in these fields, especially brain-based research, is in its infancy. Furthermore, it often shows very small correlations between technology use and child outcomes; whether technology causes these outcomes is unclear, and small effect sizes bring questions about real-life implications for children. Despite these issues, policy-makers in various countries have set guidelines for technology use in children, which are often restriction-focused. This paper explores some of the literature on the effects of technology use on children in terms of their brain, cognitive, socio-emotional and physical development, and summarises what is clearly demonstrated in the literature. It also highlights where more quality research is needed to better understand the impact of technology on children, and support the development of effective, evidence-based guidelines.
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  • 63
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The platform economy can deliver for its workers too
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
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  • 64
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going digital and creating that butterfly
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
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  • 65
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Employment ; Taxation
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  • 66
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La Finlande mène l’offensive contre le changement climatique au Conseil de l’Arctique
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Trade ; Finland
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  • 67
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L’économie des plateformes peut aussi profiter à ses travailleurs
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
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  • 68
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Un phare pour les 50 prochaines années
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Economics ; Finland
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  • 69
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Comment l’action publique peut faire toute la différence pour les petites et moyennes entreprises
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Employment ; Economics ; Industry and Services
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  • 70
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Technologie : où sont les femmes ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
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  • 71
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264312012 , 9789264312029 , 9789264312036
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Vers le numérique : Forger des politiques au service de vies meilleures
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going Digital: Den digitalen Wandel gestalten, das Leben verbessern
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Going digital
    RVK:
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: Digital technologies and data are transformational. People, firms and governments live, interact, work and produce differently than in the past, and these changes are accelerating rapidly. How can we realise the immense promises of digital technologies and data for growth and well-being in a fast evolving world? This report charts the road ahead. It identifies seven policy dimensions that allow governments – together with citizens, firms and stakeholders – to shape digital transformation to improve lives. It also highlights key opportunities, challenges and policies related to each dimension, offers new insights, evidence and analysis, and provides recommendations for better policies in the digital age.
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  • 72
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264921962 , 9789264392229 , 9789264732896
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Building an EU talent pool
    Keywords: Hochqualifizierte Arbeitskräfte ; Migranten ; Migrationspolitik ; EU-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services ; Europäische Union ; Migrationspolitik ; Hochqualifizierter Beruf
    Abstract: How can the European Union become more attractive for talented professionals looking for job opportunities worldwide? Can EU-level action support employers, private and public stakeholders in each Member State to better leverage international recruitment into the Single Market? This report presents a new overview of the obstacles that continue to hamper the attraction and recruitment of skills from outside Europe, and discusses the role of both public and private initiatives to help overcome these barriers. It provides a comparative analysis of the Expression of Interest (EoI) system of migration management as implemented in Australia, Canada and New Zealand, and assesses its potential to address the needs of the European labour migration system. The report presents several options and variants for adapting the EoI, step by step and EU-wide, and examines their feasibility, constraints and advantages.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264944152 , 9789264915039 , 9789264446014
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (235 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Higher Education in Mexico: Labour Market Relevance and Outcomes
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Mexico
    Abstract: El número de estudiantes de educación superior en México se duplicó en la década pasada y cada año más de medio millón de egresados de este nivel se incorporan al mercado laboral. Encontrar empleo adecuado es difícil y un gran número de jóvenes egresados universitarios trabajan en puestos para los cuales están sobrecalificados o consiguen empleos sin seguridad social ni cobertura de pensión. México no es el único país en esta situación. En muchas naciones de la OCDE, los resultados de la educación superior, menores a lo esperado, son una desilusión para los graduados y sus familias, quienes desearían obtener empleos de buena calidad y con buenos ingresos como respuesta a su inversión formativa. La baja rentabilidad es también una preocupación para los gobiernos, que gastan en el desarrollo de competencias para impulsar la productividad y la innovación a escalas nacional y regional. Para responder a estas inquietudes, la OCDE ha emprendido un análisis exhaustivo de los resultados y la relevancia de los sistemas de educación superior para el mercado laboral. El objetivo es ayudar a los países a mejorar las políticas públicas y las prácticas institucionales mediante un conocimiento más amplio de las capacidades y los obstáculos existentes, y las recomendaciones que ayuden a cerrar esas brechas. México fue una de las primeras naciones en sumarse a este ejercicio, junto con Noruega y Estados Unidos de América.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264778375
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als University-industry collaboration
    Keywords: Forschungskooperation ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; OECD ; Forschungskooperation
    Abstract: This report discusses challenges and opportunities in assessing the impacts of science-industry knowledge exchange on innovation. The report provides new evidence on joint industry-science patenting activity and academic start-ups, as well as on the impact of geographical proximity between research institutions and industry on local innovation. The report explores the complex set of knowledge-transfer channels, such as collaborative research, co-patenting, academic spinoffs, and their relative importance across science fields and industry sectors. It also experiments with using labour force survey data to assess the contributions of graduates in social sciences to different industries. Different policy mixes are used in OECD countries to stimulate science-industry knowledge transfer. This report presents a taxonomy of 21 policy instruments, which include grants for collaborative university-industry research and financial support to university spin-offs, and discusses their possible positive and negative interactions. Based on a number of country case studies, the report also sheds light on new policy approaches to support spin-off creation. The report also explores recent trends on the governance of public research of high relevance to science-industry knowledge transfer using newly developed policy indicators for 35 OECD countries.
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789264704626 , 9789264317208 , 9789264660656
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (135 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Enhancing access to and sharing of data
    Keywords: Informationsmanagement ; Datenverarbeitung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report examines the opportunities of enhancing access to and sharing of data (EASD) in the context of the growing importance of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. It discusses how EASD can maximise the social and economic value of data re-use and how the related risks and challenges can be addressed. It highlights the trade-offs, complementarities and possible unintended consequences of policy action – and inaction. It also provides examples of EASD approaches and policy initiatives in OECD countries and partner economies.
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264784185 , 9789264689626 , 9789264963399
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (114 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Unpacking e-commerce
    Keywords: Online-Handel ; Geschäftsmodell ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Science and Technology ; Trade ; Electronic Shopping ; Online-Shop ; Geschäftsmodell
    Abstract: As digital transformation has accelerated, the e-commerce landscape has become increasingly dynamic. New players have emerged at the same time that established actors have taken on new roles; some barriers to e-commerce at the firm, individual and country levels have been overcome, while other barriers have emerged. Innovative business models have transformed buyer-seller relationships and pushed out the frontier of what is possible to buy and sell online. This report analyses new and emerging e-commerce business models, examines e-commerce trends along a range of dimensions, and offers new insights on the policies needed to exploit the opportunities and mitigate the challenges of unlocking the potential of e-commerce for all.
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264815834 , 9789264924369 , 9789264592131
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going Digital: Shaping Policies, Improving Lives
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going Digital: Den digitalen Wandel gestalten, das Leben verbessern
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Ce rapport aide les décideurs politiques à optimiser les bénéfices de la transformation numérique pour tous, à favoriser la croissance et améliorer le bien-être. Il reflète les travaux réalisés dans le cadre du projet de l’OCDE sur la transformation numérique durant la période 2017-18 et d’autres travaux de l’OCDE dans ce domaine. Le rapport identifie les vecteurs de la transformation numérique, ainsi que des questions à mieux cerner. Il offre une vision économique et sociale holistique de ses implications sur les tendances clés, leurs effets, et les questions politiques qui en découlent, lesquelles doivent être coordonnées à travers des domaines différents. En outre, le rapport établit un agenda numérique ambitieux pour l’OCDE et au-delà.
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264559547
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als An introduction to online platforms and their role in the digital transformation
    Keywords: Digitale Plattform ; Digitalisierung ; Science and Technology ; Dienst ; Internet ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: Online platforms support so many of our daily activities that we have become dependent on them in our personal and professional lives. We rely on them to buy and sell goods and services, to find information online and to keep in touch with each other. We use them for entertainment, news, transportation, accommodation, finding jobs and employees, finding apps and for many other purposes. Online platforms have also raised new and important policy questions, but the businesses themselves can be more complex than they appear so they are not always well understood. This report contains detailed profiles of twelve of the world’s leading platform companies and derives insights from those profiles about what platforms actually do, how they do it, and why they succeed financially. For example, the report finds that although platforms tend to have a number of economic characteristics in common, they also vary so greatly that they cannot be compartmentalised into just a few categories, let alone a single sector. Moreover, they do not all succeed for the same reasons. In addition, although the major Chinese platforms still have a low profile within the OECD, they are in the process of expanding globally and deserve more attention.
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going digital: Back to the future
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Finland
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe A beacon for the next 50 years
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Economics ; Finland
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  • 82
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Digital planet: How smart technologies can help us solve our climate and infrastructure challenges
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Planète numérique : les technologies intelligentes peuvent nous aider à faire face aux problèmes climatiques et d’infrastructures
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Artificial Bias
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Quels sont les Principes de l’OCDE sur l’IA ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe What are the OECD Principles on AI?
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Biais artificiels
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe La transformation numérique, ou la métamorphose d’une chenille en papillon
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les travailleurs des plateformes en ligne sont-ils vraiment leur propre patron ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Employment ; Science and Technology ; Economics
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264751064
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Good Practice for Good Jobs in Early Childhood Education and Care
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Die Gewinnung und Bindung von Fachkräften stellt im Bereich der frühkindlichen Bildung, Betreuung und Erziehung (FBBE) seit geraumer Zeit eine Herausforderung dar. Den OECD-Ländern ist es zunehmend wichtig, dass FBBE-Fachkräfte ein hohes Qualifikationsniveau besitzen, doch führen Niedriglöhne, ein geringes Ansehen, fehlende öffentliche Anerkennung, schlechte Arbeitsbedingungen und begrenzte berufliche Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten dazu, dass die Personalgewinnung und -bindung sich häufig schwierig gestalten. Was können die einzelnen Länder tun, um einen Bestand an hochqualifizierten und gut ausgebildeten FBBE-Fachkräften aufzubauen? Welches ist der beste Weg, um die Kompetenzen der Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter zu erhöhen, ohne dabei den Fachkräftemangel zu verstärken? Wie können die Länder angesichts begrenzter Ressourcen die Löhne anheben und die Arbeitsbedingungen verbessern? Auf der Grundlage früherer Arbeiten der OECD zum Thema frühkindliche Bildung, Betreuung und Erziehung und Erfahrungen aus OECD-Ländern stellt dieser Bericht bewährte Maßnahmen für bessere FBBE-Arbeitsplätze und den Ausbau des Bestands hochqualifizierter Arbeitskräfte vor.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264704541 , 9789264980709 , 9789264779822
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe ¿Cómo va la vida en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als How's life in the province of Córdoba, Argentina?
    Keywords: Lebensqualität ; Sozialer Indikator ; Regionalökonomik ; Stadtökonomik ; Cordoba (Argentinien, Provinz) ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Argentina
    Abstract: This report assesses well-being in the four largest urban agglomerations of the province of Córdoba and provides policy recommendations to strengthen regional development practices, and ultimately improve people’s well-being. Using around 30 statistical indicators, the report analyses the performance of Córdoba’s agglomerations in 12 well-being dimensions in comparison with 391 regions of 36 OECD countries and 98 regions of Brazil, Peru, Colombia and Costa Rica. The report also documents the well-being inequalities between Córdoba’s four agglomerations and suggests three priorities areas which the province should focus on to tackle well-being challenges: i) Ensure that well-being indicators guide future decision-making; ii) Continue strengthening and modernising the provincial statistical system to expand the evidence-base; and, iii) Strengthen governance arrangements for more effective, efficient and inclusive regional development policy outcomes.
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264303799 , 9789264306813 , 9789264305915
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Government at a glance Southeast Asia 2019
    Keywords: Öffentliche Finanzen ; Regierung ; Transparenz ; E-Government ; Öffentlicher Dienst ; Südostasien ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: Government at a Glance Southeast Asia 2019 is the first edition in the Government at a Glance series for the region. It provides the latest available data on public administrations in the 10 ASEAN member countries: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. This publication includes indicators on public finance and economics, public employment, budget practices and procedures, strategic human resources management, digital government, open government and citizen satisfaction with public services. Where possible, these data were compared against the OECD average and that of the neighbouring OECD member countries, such as Australia, Korea, Japan and New Zealand. Each indicator in the publication is presented in a user-friendly format, consisting of graphs and/or charts illustrating variations across countries and over time, brief descriptive analyses highlighting the major findings conveyed by the data, and a methodological section on the definition of the indicator and any limitations in data comparability.
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Finland leads the climate charge in the Arctic Council
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Trade ; Finland
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Trois atouts qui doivent permettre à la Finlande de garder une longueur d’avance
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Finland
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Are platform workers really their own boss?
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Employment ; Science and Technology ; Economics
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Experimental Finland
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Finland
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Where are all the women in tech?
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Science et intelligence artificielle : n’oublions pas le facteur humain…
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Le plastique n’est plus fantastique
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Finland
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
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