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  • 2020-2024  (499)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1960-1964
  • Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (499)
  • Biology, life sciences  (498)
  • Technology, engineering, agriculture  (69)
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  • 2020-2024  (499)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1960-1964
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Progress in Community Nutrition (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036568485 , 9783036568492
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Dietary patterns are evolving, and we are increasingly aware of the contribution of food and food systems to community and planetary health. To be responsive to these changes and to promote dietary patterns that enhance the health and wellbeing of populations and protect against climate change, nutrition professionals and researchers need to monitor evolving dietary patterns and trial comprehensive, multiaction solutions. Countries are pushing back on corporate and climate change disruptions to food systems and are looking for ways to strengthen community involvement in food systems, so that healthy and environmentally friendly food choices are easier to make. To achieve this, policymakers need access to the latest evidence on evolving dietary patterns and on effective solutions, and this Special Issue on Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health provides some of this evidence
    Note: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Plant Tissue Culture and Secondary Metabolites Production (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036567860 , 9783036567877
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (126 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue aims to bring together the various aspects of plant cell tissue and organ culture with a special emphasis on the production of phytochemical compounds, considered therapeutically valuable for their antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Secondary metabolites play a key role in the diverse defense mechanisms of the plant organism in response to environmental stimuli, such as climatic fluctuations, pathogenic organisms, predatory herbivores, and competing plants. Therefore, by providing the opportunity for controlled modifications of environmental conditions, in vitro culture is an easy-to-manage experimental system that can be utilized as a source of secondary metabolites for industrial applications, as well as for food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical purposes. This Special Issue will highlight the modern use of different plant cell tissue and organ culture approaches for successfully producing plant secondary metabolites, particularly those with high economic value
    Note: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New Research in Dietary Supplements and Healthy Foods (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570204 , 9783036570211
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: This reprint describes the ability of some foods or natural substances extracted by plants to counteract some of the most common diseases at present, such as obesity, diabetes, intestinal inflammatory diseases, and neurodegeneration. It is well accepted that high-fat diets that are rich in saturated fats are involved in the onset and progression of obesity and its dangerous comorbidities. It is also well accepted that a balanced diet is useful to maintain a good health status and the choice of certain foods could help to counteract the onset of chronic diseases. Foods and natural substances rich in compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties should be paid attention. Most of these foods belong to the Mediterranean Diet, and they are famous for being rich of unsaturated fatty acids, such as the oleic acid found in extra-virgin olive oil, or the omega 3 contained in fish, vitamin D and vitamin C with their high anti-oxidant capacity, and spices and nuts that can counteract inflammatory status. These substances have also anti-obesity properties, because they are able to reduce fat mass and and restore the physiological role of fat tissue. Therefore, strict adherence to this healthy diet could be enough to prevent the onset of chronic diseases linked to fatty diets or aging. The scientific data collected in this reprint could provide new insights, allowing for readers to change their own dietary habits and make more informed food choices
    Note: English
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    The Fungal Cell Wall Integrity Pathway (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569734 , 9783036569727
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (392 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Adaptation to external changes is necessary for all cells to survive and thrive in diverse environments. Key to these responses are the MAPK-mediated signaling pathways, intracellular communication routes that sense stimuli at the cell surface, and are ubiquitous in all eukaryotic organisms. In the case of fungi, MAPKs mediate essential processes, such as adaptation to environmental stresses, morphology regulation, or developmental processes. First studied in the early nineties in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the fungal cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway has proven to be a central MAPK-mediated signaling cascade conserved in the fungal kingdom. Cells need to sense cell wall-perturbing conditions and mount the appropriate salvage response. Understanding this CWI pathway-mediated compensatory mechanism is key for the development of cell wall-targeted antifungal therapies. Moreover, its functional roles go beyond the maintenance of this essential structure, reaching many other physiological aspects that have major implications in development or virulence.In this Special Issue, expert researchers in this relevant subject have contributed with seven reviews and eleven original articles to advance our understanding of the CWI pathway by covering different structural, regulatory, and functional aspects in distinct yeasts and filamentous fungi
    Note: English
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Nutritional Management of Cystic Fibrosis (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036562674 , 9783036562681
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited disease that starts in utero. It is caused by a defective protein called the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and while the effects are seen throughout the body, changes in the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and liver primarily impact nutritional status. Survival and pulmonary function have been linked to nutritional status. Malnutrition and growth failure were historically the hallmark of disease. Patients with pancreatic insufficiency require pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy and fat-soluble vitamin supplements. With improvements in many areas including newborn screening, nutrition supplements, pancreatic enzymes, CFTR modulator drugs, inhaled antibiotics and mucolytics, life expectancy has increased. In this issue, we will review the latest information in children and adults regarding important factors that play a role in optimizing nutrition status, including body composition, the gut microbiome, food security, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, growth and bone health, and micronutrient abnormalities. Pediatric and adult providers both need to be aware of the nuances of care as more patients with CF become adults. Optimizing nutritional status, anticipating and preventing the complications of CF will result in best management practice
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thermal and Non-Thermal Treatments to Preserve and Encourage Bioactive Compounds in Fruit and Vegetables Based Products (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036568300 , 9783036568317
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (306 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Fruit- and vegetable-based products (F&Vs) have been conventionally processed using thermal techniques such as pasteurization, scalding, and/and drying, ensuring microbial safety and/or enzyme deactivation. Although thermal treatments are the most cost-effective tools, they could also reduce bioactive compounds, nutrients, and even sensory attributes. Nowadays, non-thermal food-processing technologies such as UV light and high-pressure processing have been proposed to develop food products with extended shelf life and preserved/encouraged bioactive compounds, while preserving the sensory properties. This reprint addresses the existing knowledge gaps of novel thermal and non-thermal techniques in the production of F&Vs and their derivatives. This reprint focuses on the effect of thermal and non-thermal treatments (light stresses, high hydrostatic pressure, pulse electric fields, oscillating magnetic fields, cold plasma, ultrasound, drying, etc.) on shelf-life, key bioactive compound changes (antioxidants, nutraceuticals, flavonoids, and non-flavonoids), enzymatic antioxidant systems, and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems of fruit- and vegetable-based products. Apart from an editorial written by the guest editors, the Special Issue consists of 13 papers that cover a range of subjects: thermal and non-thermal treatments on whole fruits (n = 4); thermal and non-thermal treatments on fruit and vegetable byproducts (n = 3); and, thermal and non-thermal treatments on fruit-based beverages and purées (n = 6)
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    More Than Just Milk Lactation Science Symposium (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036571805 , 9783036571812
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This book focuses on advanced research topics on human lactation, such as breastfeeding experiences, milk composition and production, COVID-19 and human milk, food allergens in human milk, the human milk microbiome, and the impacts of human milk on infant growth and development. The symposium proceedings aim to add diversity, passion, and innovation to lactation research and have a positive impact on mothers, infants, and communities worldwide, showcasing integrative mother/infant-centered research
    Note: English
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wine Aromas (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036595597 , 9783036595580
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Keywords: Research and information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes ; marselan wine ; aroma compounds ; indigenous yeast strains ; Saccharomyces ; non-Saccharomyces ; icewine ; Vidal ; yeast ; sensory analysis ; amino acid ; fruity ester ; wine aroma ; nitrogen management ; Pearson correlation analysis ; carbon metabolism ; Vitis davidii Foёx ; spend coffee grounds ; fermentation ; sensory property ; volatile profile ; yeast protein hydrolysate ; nitrogen supplementation ; volatile compounds ; wine higher alcohols ; wine esters ; monoterpenes ; triangle test ; check-all-that-apply ; correspondence analysis ; Cochran’s Q-test ; nutrients ; central composite design ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; wine ; strain effect ; aromas ; non-Saccharomyces yeasts ; ethanol tolerance ; ultraviolet irradiation ; diethyl sulfate mutagenesis ; vineyard mechanization ; phenolics ; sensory properties ; anthocyanins ; bentonite ; cold soaking ; colour ; pathogenesis-related proteins ; Pinot noir ; tannin ; antioxidants ; glutathione ; glutathione-enriched inactivated dry yeasts ; methoxypyrazines ; oxidation ; Sauvignon Blanc ; thiols ; aroma profile ; grape pomace ; model juice
    Abstract: Wine has a complex matrix with many volatile compounds present, which evolves over time. These volatile compounds are important to wine quality as they contribute to the aroma and varietal characteristics of wine. Recent development in the analysis of volatile compounds in wine has greatly improved our understanding of the complexity of wine aroma. Analytical methods used for wine aroma fingerprinting have shown potential in determining the origin and quality of wine. Thus, research on volatile compounds responsible for wine aroma and their correlation with wine provenance and wine quality have increasingly attracted great interest from researchers and winegrowers. This Special Issue presents the latest research regarding wine aroma compounds, including, but not limited to, the topics on the characterization of aroma compounds in grapes and wine, factors influencing the production of aroma compounds in wine during fermentation and maturation, and analytical methods for wine aroma analysis
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vegetable and Fruit Production (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036594712 , 9783036594705
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Keywords: Research and information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Botany and plant sciences ; antioxidant ; Brassica oleracea ; chlorophyll index ; membrane injury ; stomatal conductance ; water deficit ; water use efficiency ; rhizobacteria ; PGPR ; nutraceutical quality ; Solanum lycopersicum ; biostimulant ; pyroligneous acid ; vegetable production ; post-harvest ; Capsicum annuum L ; maturation ; nutritional quality ; seed chemical composition ; β-carotene Cucumis melo ; flavonoids ; mineral element ; vitamin C ; fruit quality ; quality prediction ; plant phenotyping ; orchard management ; grape ; histamine ; putrescine ; agmatine ; dopamine ; spermine ; organic amendment ; plant metabolites ; soil health ; environmental health ; anthocyanin ; russeting ; silver patch ; Solanum tuberosum ; suberized cell layer ; surface cracking ; microgreens ; natural amendment ; phytochemicals ; healthy food ; common bean ; magnetic field ; photosynthesis ; physiological parameters ; seeds ; Carica papaya ; cultivation practice ; fruit development ; fruit tree ; greenhouse ; mineral distribution ; papaya fruit ; skin coloration ; nutrient ; ripening stages ; tropical ; n/a
    Abstract: To ensure global food and nutrition security, there is a need for a sustainable year-round supply of nutritious food systems such as fruits and vegetables. Over the years, there has been a surge in fruit and vegetable consumption due to their composition of health-promoting biomarkers such as vitamins, minerals, fiber, and bioactive polyphenols. However, producing fruits and vegetables with the valuable contents of these health-promoting biomarkers is dependent on various factors, such as growing degree days, genetic pool, and management practices. Thereby, the goal of this Special Issue (Fruits and Vegetables Production) of the MDPI journal Plants was to provide up-to-date knowledge on traditional and emerging novel technologies applicable in sustainable production of high-value fruits and vegetables at various stages of their field and greenhouse production chains. In summary, this reprint is produced from the Special Issue that reported 12 peer-reviewed manuscripts, with foci on: (1) crop response to different elicitors and (2) green non-destructive technologies for efficient profiling of biomarkers, quality parameters, and cultivar evaluation. Thus, this reprint bridges the gaps among stakeholders (i.e., researchers, policymakers, and industry) for efficient production of consumer-centric crops with high productivity, appreciable nutritional value, and post-harvest resilience
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Agriculture 4.0 – The Future of Farming Technology (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036597584 , 9783036597591
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture ; Agricultural engineering ; new technologies ; remote sensing ; precision agriculture
    Abstract: The agricultural sector is undergoing a profound transformation derived from the introduction of new technologies and tools from industry 4.0, giving rise to what has been called Agriculture 4.0. This Reprint contains a selection of some interesting recent advances in this field, including new techniques for remote crop sensing and agricultural machinery, the development of novel vision and deep learning algorithms, advances in aquaculture technologies, and a review on the state of the art in Horticulture 4.0
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Research on the Properties of Polysaccharides, Starch, Protein, Pectin, and Fibre in Food Processing (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036596747 , 9783036596754
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (584 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry ; polysaccharide ; antibacterial activity ; toxicity ; body health ; gut microbiota ; pre-gelatinization ; thermal properties ; rheology ; structural properties ; microstructure ; starch gel ; polysaccharides ; inflammatory bowel disease ; mechanism ; polyphenol oxidase ; kudzu ; thermostability ; thermal inactivation kinetics ; food constituents ; conformation ; dietary fiber ; fermentation patterns ; cyanidin-3-O-glucoside ; polymeric proanthocyanidin ; degree of polymerization ; starch ; pasting ; retrogradation ; digestibility ; hyperlipidemia ; resistant starch ; Bifidobacterium pseudolongum ; gut microbes ; synbiotics ; hemp protein isolate ; (−)-epigallocatechin gallate ; covalent binding ; structural changes ; emulsifying properties ; polysaccharide-based materials ; edible packaging ; cellulose ; hemicellulose ; chitosan ; polysaccharide gums ; Holothuria leucospilota ; fermentation behaviors ; antioxidant activity ; zein ; flaxseed gum ; ultrasound ; complex particle ; Pickering emulsion ; soybean residue ; insoluble dietary fiber ; fermentation in vitro ; colon health ; pea ; protein co-precipitates ; protein blends ; surface hydrophobicity ; surimi ; setting ; water migration ; chemical interactions ; purslane polysaccharides ; selenylation ; RAW 264.7 macrophages ; splenocytes ; immune modulation ; type 2 diabetes ; β-glucan ; molecular structure ; anti-diabetic function ; macronutrient absorption ; enzyme inhibitor ; ovomucoid ; superheated steam ; modification ; allergenicity ; mass spectrometry ; acrolein ; IEC-6 cells ; autophagy ; apoptosis ; carboxymethyl chitosan ; frozen surimi ; myofibrillar protein ; denaturation ; gelling properties ; walnut protein isolates ; oxidation ; structural characteristics ; functional properties ; proteomics ; collagen peptide ; B16F10 cells ; melanogenesis ; tyrosinase ; antioxidant ; pea fiber ; industry-scale microfluidizer ; structure ; quinoa protein ; ultrasounic-assisted extraction ; in vitro digestion ; amino acid content ; nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy ; Chinese yam ; structural characterization ; oxidative stress ; okara ; prebiotic ; γ-irradiation ; anthocyanins ; stable system ; inclusion complex ; hydrogen bonding ; biological activity ; packaging ; preservation ; gelatin ; mulberry leaf polysaccharides ; miscible system ; zeta potential ; rheological properties ; betanin ; gelatinization ; camelina cake polysaccharide ; carrier ; stabilizer ; purple corn cob ; by-product ; anthocyanin bioaccessibility ; tapioca ; hygroscopicity ; BET and GAB models ; particle size characteristics ; storage stability ; pea protein ; moderate enzymatic hydrolysis ; structure properties ; dual protein ; plant protein ; co-precipitation dual protein ; blended dual protein ; fish sausage ; pre-emulsion ; n/a
    Abstract: With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the concern for food nutrition and safety has gradually increased. Consumers increasingly need to replace synthetic food additives with natural components extracted from food. Polysaccharides, starch, protein, pectin, and fibre are major types of biopolymer components in foods. They not only provide people with energy and nutrition, but are also used in food processing as natural additives due to their gelling, emulsifying, and film-forming properties, etc. They are characterised by high biocompatibility, low cost, and ease of access. Some natural components isolated from raw food materials have some drawbacks, such as low solubility and instability under certain conditions, which limit their application in food processing. Currently, many researchers are focusing on the modification, food technology, and future industry of polysaccharides, starch, protein, etc. These studies help to obtain the changed physicochemical and enhanced functional properties of these components, and further promote their high-value utilization in the food field. This Special Issue brings together 34 articles regarding the latest advances in the properties of polysaccharides, starch, protein, pectin, and fibre in food processing, from the improvements of the physical properties of major food components and biological activity studies to their applications in food preservation
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Soil Management for Sustainable Agriculture and Ecosystem Services (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036595740 , 9783036595757
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (266 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture ; soil management ; soil ecosystem services ; agricultural land ; agricultural ecosystem ; agricultural conservation practices ; soil chemical properties ; soil organic matter ; SOC spatial distribution ; small water cycle ; biodiversity ; functional microbial diversity ; urban soil ; remote sensing ; regression kriging (RK) ; multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS)
    Abstract: This Special Issue includes 14 papers by authors from Italy, USA, Egypt, Brazil, Russia, Indonesia, Czech Republic, China, Lithuania, the Netherlands, and Greece, dealing with several topics. The spatial distribution of soil organic carbon is useful for improving crop productivity and assessing the effect of agronomic management on crops and soil. Two interpolation methods and remotely sensed images were used in two papers. Other papers dealed with the use of zeolite-rich tuff in olive growing to reduce mineral fertilization, tested the effectiveness of green manure crops in providing nutrients and supplementing traditional fertilizers, and proposed composted sewage sludge as a source of micronutrients for crops. Since soil-borne diseases worsen the fertility, other authors studied the bacteria in the rhizosphere of saffron. Mapping and modeling soil suitability and capability under intensive land use in drylands with multivariate analysis was the topic of another paper, as was the evaluation of forest patches for preserving water regulation in tropical landscapes. Other findings regard agricultural conservation practices that reinforced the small water cycle and the comparison of deep-rooted vegetal covers for stabilizing slopes or repairing shallow landslides. Moreover, industrial solid waste can be a liming material to reduce soil acidification, increase crop productivity or amend soil; low-peat mixtures are able to provide C sequestration, climate regulation, and functional diversity services, while low-intensity management of high mountains can preserve seed-rich habitats for farmland avifauna
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  • 13
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    Online Resource
    Rural Land Use in China (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036596723 , 9783036596730
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (456 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture ; family farm ; efficiency ; DEA model ; Tobit model ; farm operation ; influencing factors ; soybean ; production pattern ; spatial agglomeration ; policy implications ; spatiotemporal changes ; crop planting structure ; black soil region ; Northeast China ; county-level ; geographic characteristics ; hollow village ; actor–network ; governance mode ; operation process ; appropriate tillage sand land ; land survey ; limiting factor ; land evaluation ; cultivated land protection ; Green Transition of Cultivated Land-use (GTCL) ; Water-Land-Food-Carbon (WLFC) ; coupling coordination ; land use change ; rural settlements ; spatial pattern evolution ; land policy ; China ; different modes ; land transfer ; livelihood capital ; difference-in-differences model ; Land Certificated Program (LCP) ; farmland “stickiness” ; land production function ; property rights ; agricultural policy ; cultivated land multifunctionality ; coupling coordination degree ; spatial-temporal pattern ; driving force ; major grain-producing areas ; northeast China ; comprehensive land consolidation ; pilot project ; decision-making evaluation ; farmers ; social investors ; non-agriculturalization rate ; ecological risk ; cultivated land change ; landform ; land management ; increasing versus decreasing balance (IVDB) ; balanced quota ; revenue ; inverted U-shaped curve ; Zhejiang province ; territorial space ; production–living–ecological space ; spatio-temporal variation ; eco-environment effect ; territorial spatial pattern ; eco-environmental quality ; soil contamination ; phytoremediation ; passivation ; farmer ; questionnaire survey ; paddy field ; dryland ; topographic gradient ; landscape characteristics ; land-use change ; rural settlement ; spatial distribution ; scale distribution ; morphological distribution ; the metropolitan fringe area ; Nanjing ; farmland transfer ; farmland function ; income structure ; rural household consumption ; consumption structure ; Yunnan Province ; farmers’ land transfer behavior ; herd effect ; geo-network ; the farmland right system reform ; creditor rights ; real rights ; agricultural modernization ; labor migration ; spatio-temporal evolution ; driving factor ; family structure ; heterogeneity ; area of land transfer ; rural–urban migration ; rural development ; land consolidation ; income distribution ; n/a
    Abstract: Land use is the projection of human activities in space, and it has become an important insight into the transformation and reconstruction of human society and economy. Rural land use in China is undergoing rapid transformation driven by the rapid development of science and technology. Effectively grasping the change and transformation process of rural land use and its internal mechanism provides an important reference for revealing the inherent laws of China's rural development. Rural land use is closely related to the rural vitalization strategy and urban–rural integration in the new era. An in-depth study of China's rural land use and policy reform provides the basis of knowledge for formulating and optimizing urban–rural relations. This Special Issue focuses on the changes, effects, and regulation of rural land use in China, focusing on its main contradictions and solutions, building a cooperative network and sharing platform for rural land use research from a multidisciplinary perspective, and further deepening the theoretical innovation and practical application of rural land use research. We invited scholars from various disciplines to contribute to the Special Issue, especially with papers on the subjects of theoretical innovation, technological innovation, and practical innovation in this field
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  • 14
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    New Techniques in Marine Aquaculture (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036596808 , 9783036596815
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (306 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Fisheries & related industries ; aquaculture ; biology ; biotechnology ; environment ;  
    Abstract: This reprint delves into the latest advancements in aquaculture techniques emerging from China. It provides a comprehensive update on the research and technological developments in various aspects of aquaculture, including biotechnology, ecotechnology, feeding technology, and environmental technology. The reprint covers a wide range of topics, such as the use of biotechnology to identify and characterize genes that enhance resistance to bacterial infection and environmental stress. It also explores feeding technology that improves immunity and stress resistance in aquatic organisms. Additionally, the reprint discusses the detection of the impact of thermal stress on marine fish immunity, the manipulation of light color to enhance algal growth, and the utilization of integrated multi-trophic systems to boost production. With a focus on marine fish, shrimp, sea cucumbers, sea urchins, and algae, this reprint showcases groundbreaking research that paves the way for future advancements in aquaculture. These innovative technologies are expected to have far-reaching implications for other species in the field of aquaculture
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  • 15
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    Advances in Legumes for Human Nutrition (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036596204 , 9783036596211
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society ; α-amylase inhibitor ; biofortification ; lectins ; nutritional enhancement ; phytic acid ; predicted glycemic index ; sensory analysis ; temporal dominance sensation ; legumes ; fermented beans ; extruded snacks ; spices ; antioxidant activity ; lupin ; health outcomes ; type 2 diabetes ; cardiovascular disease ; obesity ; legume proteins ; nutraceuticals ; structural properties ; bioactive peptides ; in vivo digestibility ; health effects ; Lupin ; processing ; lupin kernel fibre ; food ingredient ; composition ; techno-functionality ; health benefits ; consumer acceptability ; coronary heart disease ; health care cost ; cost-of-illness analysis ; nutrition economics ; dietary guidelines ; consumption ; sustainability ; chronic disease ; Setaria italica L ; Cicer arietinum L ; Hibiscus sabdariffa L ; chickpea flour ; foxtail millet flour ; minerals ; organic acids ; pregelatinization ; sensory evaluation ; nutritional values ; in vitro bioaccessibility ; benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) ; lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) ; voiding symptoms ; soy ; soy food ; isoflavones ; prostate smooth muscle contraction ; faba proteins ; enzymatic hydrolysis ; UHT processing ; emulsion ; phenolic compounds ; in vitro digestion ; colonic fermentation ; cotyledon cells ; in vitro starch digestion ; legume structure ; low glycaemic index ; navy beans ; protein matrix ; beans ; fiber ; pulses ; carbohydrate ; fat ; protein ; NHANES ; waist
    Abstract: We are very excited to introduce this Special Issue of Nutrients, “Advances in Legumes for Human Nutrition”. Recently, legumes have contributed to a sustainable and increased food supply for the rapidly growing global population due to climate change. Legume seeds that are intact or milled into flour offer a complex array of macro- and micronutrients and phytochemicals for human nutrition. Additionally, they can be fractionated into their component proteins, starches, lipids and dietary fibre as health- and techno-functional food ingredients. These ingredients are in great demand by the food industry, for example, in the manufacture of vegetarian and vegan dairy products and meat analogues with good nutritional profiles. However, the issues, such as micronutrient availability, antinutrients and allergenicity, still require solutions for the maximum uptake of legumes by humans. We invited manuscripts that address any aspect of this broad topic, including the impact of innovative food technologies on the nutritional value of legumes and those focusing on nutritional properties of seeds from underutilised members of the Fabaceae (Leguminosae) family
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  • 16
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    Nutrition and Specific Diseases by Women during the Life Course (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036595849 , 9783036595856
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society ; dietary factors ; nutrition ; women health ; specific diseases ; gynaecologic diseases ; non-communicable diseases ; life course epidemiology ; pregnancy ; menopause ; prevention ;  
    Abstract: The prevalence rates of risk factors for premature mortality and early non-communicable diseases are growing due to the increasing prevalence of poor nutrition habits, increasing levels of stress, and sedentary lifestyles. The life course epidemiology offers an integrative approach which guides research on health, human development, and ageing. The translation of this life course approach to women’s health is indispensable. It comprises the investigation of risk factors across the life that influence the timing of menarche, fertility, pregnancy outcomes, gynaecological disorders, and age at menopause. It also recognises the important influence of reproductive health on later non-communicable disease risks. The continuity of reproductive health and the relationship between different biomarkers and risk factors are taken into account in this integrative approach. Within women’s life courses, lifestyle plays an essential role, ranging from young age to pregnancy, menopause, and healthy aging. The underlying mechanisms and the effect sizes between nutrition and many diseases are only partly known due to the often multifactorial disease processes. The link between lifestyle and the growing rates of different diseases (e.g., cervical, ovarian carcinoma, breast cancer, cardiovascular diseases, or diabetes mellitus) needs to be investigated further. New scientific approaches are being used to try to relate individual biomarkers to dietary patterns and changes in the microbiome in order to make risk potentials visible earlier. The collection of scientific contributions on nutrition and women’s health is presented here
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    Soil Carbon and Microbial Processes in Agriculture Ecosystem (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036597249 , 9783036597256
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture ; Agriculture ecosystem ; Carbon cycling ; Global warming ; Rhizosphere ; Rhizodeposition ; Soil microbes
    Abstract: As the global population and demand for food steadily increase, the maintenance and enhancement of soil productivity to ensure food security is becoming an important issue at the global level as global warming continues to progress. Soil carbon acts as a global carbon sink, playing a crucial role in soil fertility maintenance. Soil carbon is a complex product resulting from various microbial processes; it is a fragile entity, vulnerable to inappropriate human activity and global climate change. Soil microbes that utilize carbon efficiently may help to reduce carbon losses and increase carbon storage. This Special Issue highlights the current understanding of the dynamics of soil carbon and the microbial processes in agricultural ecosystems from the molecular level to the regional and global scales. The topics of interest in this Special Issue include carbon dynamics in plant–soil systems, the carbon balance, approaches to managing soil carbon maintenance and carbon sequestration, and related microbial processes in agricultural ecosystems
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  • 18
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    Images of Nature—From the Middle Ages to (Non-)Western Modernities (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036595245 , 9783036595252
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere ; nature ; culture ; science ; religion ; European history ; scholasticism ; image of man ; Thomism ; medieval medicine ; anthropology ; Magnus Hundt ; human body ; Japan ; history of ideas ; environment ; pollution ; ecology ; physico-theology ; nature as a huge organism ; Alfred North Whitehead ; philosophy of nature ; philosophy of subjectivity ; metaphysics ; Donna J. Haraway ; anarchism ; naturalism ; Fin de Siècle ; pedagogy ; historical anthropology ; history of biology ; symmetrical history ; medieval breeding ; race ; ancestry ; Aristotelianism ; Albertus Magnus ; practical knowledge ; natural philosophy ; seventeenth century ; atomism ; corpuscles ; Humboldtian science ; barbarism ; savage ; civilization ; indigenous knowledge ; n/a
    Abstract: Natura is a polysemic Latin word that has accompanied the historical development of the West for centuries, spreading around much of the globe with colonialism and imperialism. It has been adopted in numerous languages. Our relationship with nature has become a highly charged issue at least since the "ecological turn" around 1970. It is as much about the relationship of humans to the environment as it is about the relationship of humans to each other. In the course of these debates, research has intensified in various disciplines: history, anthropology, philosophy, literature, ecology, etc. The nine contributions gathered in this volume deal with the dimension of perception and its long-term development from the Middle Ages to the present time. They trace in detail how images of nature were adopted, modified, and transmitted for specific purposes in specific situations. The introduction to the volume provides an overview and brings the contributions together
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  • 19
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    Soilless Culture—An Intensive Production Method on Its Way to Sustainability (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036597829 , 9783036597836
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture ; Soilless culture ; growing media ; peat alternatives ; cascade systems ; bio-fertilizers 
    Abstract: Soilless Culture Systems (SCSs) have expanded globally into protected and open-field horticulture. However, it is crucial to ensure the sustainability of this system in order to address resource challenges, minimize environmental impacts and establish a resilient and efficient agricultural system in the face of global challenges. This Special Issue reprint emphasizes the significance of transitioning to sustainable horticultural practices, outlines the challenges encountered, and presents various strategies to reduce or eliminate the utilization of peat in growing media. Additionally, it introduces cascade systems strategies that include recycling nutrient solutions, minimizing pesticide emissions, and integrating eco-friendly practices. Utilizing microorganisms has been identified as a potential strategy to augment the resilience of plants against the onslaught of pests and diseases. This approach is expected to reduce the utilization of chemicals for the same purpose considerably. This Special Issue reprint significantly contributes to advancing sustainable SCSs and growing media, providing diverse strategies and insights in order to propel its progress as a viable form of sustainable agriculture. It comprises 11 original contributions and an editorial written by 45 authors from 10 different countries. These numbers differ slightly from what was reported in the Editorial, as the Editorial was written before the last article was published
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  • 20
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    Cave Communities: From the Surface Border to the Deep Darkness (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036597522 , 9783036597539
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Zoology & animal sciences ; cave biology ; subterranean habitats ; vertebrates ; invertebrates ; community dynamics ; biospeleology ; hypogean ; conservation ; biodiversity ; troglobite ; troglophile ; trogloxene ; extreme environment ; niche ; epikarst ; classification trees ; Copepoda ; random forests ; Diptera ; Limonia ; Limonia nubeculosa ; Neolimonia ; Trichoceridea ; cave community ; prey ; food resources ; occupancy ; abundance ; Astyanax ; Spelaeomysis ; Troglomexicanus ; Speocirolana ; Toro cave ; Sierra de El Abra ; troglomorphy ; stygobite ; fieldwork ; wild fish ; comparative biology ; behavior ; troglomorphism ; olfactory test ; infrared movies ; amino acids ; chondroitin ; plasticity ; cybernetics ; ecology ; cavefish ; dissolved oxygen ; cave evolution ; Astyanax mexicanus ; Ostracoda ; Yucatán Peninsula ; cenotes ; mitochondrial marker ; geometric morphometrics ; population ecology ; growth ; movements ; São Domingos karst area ; subterranean fishes ; evolution ; origin of troglobites ; Brazil ; subterranean biology ; environmental science ; biogeography ; distribution records ; groundwater ; underwater caves ; cenote ; mysid ; stygobiont ; bioindicator ; accidental cave visitors ; Arachnida ; Araneae ; arid ; levant ; Mediterranean ; species diversity
    Abstract: From a biological perspective, the subterranean realm is one of the less studied, but at the same time, one of the most promising, theatres for new findings and research. Compared to those on the surface, the ecological conditions occurring in subterranean habitats are relatively simple, and this may be an optimal scenario for understanding the mechanisms allowing the colonization, adaptation, and evolution of species, as well as their interactions within local communities. Diversity in subterranean habitats is often overlooked, and few studies embrace whole communities or try to assess functional relationships between species. This Special Issue reprint comprises papers covering a wide range of aspects related to the distribution, composition, and roles of subterranean communities occurring in different typologies of subterranean habitats
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  • 21
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    Study of the Soil Water Movement in Irrigated Agriculture (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036561967 , 9783036561950
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: In irrigated agriculture, the study of the various ways water infiltrates into the soils is necessary. In this respect, soil hydraulic properties, such as soil moisture retention curve, diffusivity, and hydraulic conductivity functions, play a crucial role, as they control the infiltration process and the soil water and solute movement. This Special Issue presents the recent developments in the various aspects of soil water movement in irrigated agriculture through a number of research topics that tackle one or more of the following challenges: irrigation systems and one-, two-, and three-dimensional soil water movement; one-, two-, and three-dimensional infiltration analysis from a disc infiltrometer; dielectric devices for monitoring soil water content and methods for assessment of soil water pressure head; soil hydraulic properties and their temporal and spatial variability under the irrigation situations; saturated–unsaturated flow model in irrigated soils; soil water redistribution and the role of hysteresis; soil water movement and drainage in irrigated agriculture; salt accumulation, soil salinization, and soil salinity assessment; effect of salts on hydraulic conductivity; and soil conditioners and mulches that change the upper soil hydraulic properties and their effect on soil water movement
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  • 22
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    Polyphenolic Compounds in Wine and Beer (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036561288 , 9783036561271
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: This reprint describes the polyphenolic composition of wine and beer, with a special emphasis on extractive and analytical aspects. Furthermore, the effects of wine and beer polyphenols on human health are studied in the depth
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  • 23
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    Analysis, Design and Fabrication of Micromixers, Volume II (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036561745 , 9783036561738
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Micromixers are an important component in micrototal analysis systems and lab-on-a-chip platforms which are widely used for sample preparation and analysis, drug delivery, and biological and chemical synthesis. The Special Issue "Analysis, Design and Fabrication of Micromixers II" published in Micromachines covers new mechanisms, numerical and/or experimental mixing analysis, design, and fabrication of various micromixers. This reprint includes an editorial, two review papers, and eleven research papers reporting on five active and six passive micromixers. Three of the active micromixers have electrokinetic driving force, but the other two are activated by mechanical mechanism and acoustic streaming. Three studies employs non-Newtonian working fluids, one of which deals with nano-non-Newtonian fluids. Most of the cases investigated micromixer design
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  • 24
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    Genetic Conditions Affecting the Skeleton : Congenital, Idiopathic Scoliosis and Arthrogryposis (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036559759 , 9783036559766
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Genetics (non-medical)
    Abstract: In this Special Issue of Genes entitled “Genetic Conditions Affecting the Skeleton: Congenital, Idiopathic Scoliosis and Arthrogryposis”, evidence is presented that suggests that congenital, idiopathic scoliosis, and arthrogryposis share similar overlapping, but also distinct, etiopathogenic mechanisms, including connective tissue and neuromuscular mechanisms. Congenital scoliosis (CS) is defined by the presence of an abnormal spinal curvature, due to an underlying vertebral bony malformation (VM). Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is defined by the presence of an abnormal structural spinal curvature of ≥10 degrees in the sagittal plane, in the absence of an underlying VM. Arthrogryposis is defined by the presence of congenital contractures in two or more joints of the appendicular skeleton. All three conditions have complex genetic causes. This Special Issue highlights the complex nature of these conditions and current concepts in our approach to better understand their genetics
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  • 25
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    Carbon and Nutrient Transfer via Above and Belowground Litter in Forests (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036565019 , 9783036565026
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Forestry & related industries
    Abstract: This reprint highlights the ecological importance of forest litter in nutrient cycling, the sequestration of soil carbon, and the formation of soil organic matter. The results presented would be of great importance for the improvement of forest services against the background of the global climate change scenario
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  • 26
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    Frontiers of Targeted Therapy and Predictors of Treatment Response in Systemic Sclerosis (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036561219 , 9783036561226
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is an incurable connective tissue disease with an unclear etiology characterized by vasculopathy, dysregulation of the immune response, and progressive tissue fibrosis affecting the skin, lungs, digestive tract, heart, and kidneys. The collection of six original research manuscripts and five review articles included in this book highlights the most recent advances in this field and provides further elucidation of the pathogenesis, natural disease course, and treatment of this challenging disease
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  • 27
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    Wild Halophytes: Tools for Understanding Salt Tolerance Mechanisms of Plants and for Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036565736 , 9783036565729
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Botany & plant sciences
    Abstract: Halophytes are a fascinating group of wild plants adapted to highly saline natural habitats, where most plant species and all our conventional crops would not survive. In fact, some halophytes can withstand even seawater salinity. In the current climate change scenario, increasing average temperatures and drought episodes contribute to the accelerated salinisation of irrigated cropland, especially in arid and semiarid regions, by the progressive accumulation in the soil of salts dissolved in irrigation water. This ‘secondary salinisation’ is one of the major causes of reducing crop yields worldwide. In this context, halophytes represent ideal experimental systems to investigate the mechanisms plants use to respond to high-salinity conditions. This knowledge will be essential for the genetic improvement of crop salt tolerance, which represents the most sensible strategy to address the abovementioned problem. Furthermore, halophytes could be the basis of a sustainable, ‘saline’ agriculture, after domestication and some breeding to improve agronomic characteristics. Then, they could be commercially cultivated for food, feed, fibre, or the production of biomolecules of industrial interest. Since they could be grown in saline land and irrigated with brackish water, they will not compete with our conventional crops for these limited resources, fertile land and good-quality water for irrigation. The articles included in this Special Issue address these different aspects of halophytes’ research, although most focus on basic studies on salt-tolerance mechanisms
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    Recent Advances in OMICs Technologies and Application for Ensuring Meat Quality, Safety and Authenticity (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036556659 , 9783036556666
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: Consumers and stakeholders are increasingly demanding that the meat industry guarantees high-quality meat products with stable and acceptable sensory and safety properties. To do this, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms that underlie the conversion of muscle into meat, as well as the impact of pre- and post-harvest procedures on the final quality and safety of meat products. Over the last two decades, sophisticated OMICs technologies—genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, peptidomics, metabolomics and lipidomics, also known as foodomics—have been powerful approaches that extended the scope of traditional methods and have established impressive possibilities of addressing meat quality issues. Foodomics were further used to elucidate the biological basis/mechanisms of phenotypic variation in the technological and sensory quality traits of meat from different species. Overall, these techniques aimed to comprehensively study the dynamic link(s) between the genome and the quality traits of the meat that we eat compared to traditional methods, hence improving both the accuracy and sensitivity thanks to the large quantities of data that can be generated. This Special Issue focused on the cutting-edge research applications of OMICs tools to characterize or manage the quality of muscle foods. The research papers applied transcriptomics, targeted and untargeted proteomics, metabolomics, and genomics, among others, to evaluate meat quality, determine the molecular profiles of meat and meat products, discover and/or evaluate biomarkers of meat quality traits, and to characterize the safety, adulteration, and authenticity of meat and meat products
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  • 29
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    Vitamins C and D : Global and Population Health Perspectives (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036561172 , 9783036561189
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: The global coronavirus pandemic has highlighted the paramount importance of immune health and the nutrient status of peoples worldwide. Vitamins C and D have important roles in both the innate and adaptive immune systems and are known to support healthy immune function. Both vitamins C and D have gene regulatory roles with the ability to up- and down-regulate thousands of genes, thus playing pleotropic roles in human health and disease. People from low- and middle-income countries tend to have inadequate micronutrient intakes and status, as do specific subgroups from high-income countries. This can affect their resistance to both communicable and non-communicable diseases and the severity of these diseases. In this Special Issue, we have compiled review articles and research papers (both observational and interventional studies) that explore the role of vitamins C and D in numerous aspects of global and population health
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  • 30
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    Crystallographic Studies of Enzymes (Volume II) (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036560724 , 9783036560717
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: In this Special Issue of Crystals, entitled "Crystallographic Studies of Enzymes (Volume II)", eleven research papers on key findings and methodologies of structure, function, and reaction mechanisms of enzymes are presented
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    Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569499 , 9783036569482
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (374 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint presents the published papers of a Special Issue titled Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils, of the journal Antioxidants, MDPI. Obviously, essential oils are a point of huge interest, due to them being rich in bioactive substances (with their recognised antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antiviral, etc., effects) and are also used extensively in the beauty/cosmetic industry, food products, etc. Considering the global trend of "return to nature", both in eating habits/nutrition, and in the adjuvant therapies (implying essential oils) addressed in the case of numerous diseases, and taking into account the interest of the authors who submitted their papers, the current topic can be considered to be of great interest and with increased and promising potential for future research
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  • 32
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    Prostate Cancer (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570853 , 9783036570846
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The prostate is the largest accessory gland of the male reproductive tract. Together with seminal vesicles and bulbourethral glands, the prostate is responsible for the production of an alkaline fluid that forms part of the seminal fluid. The prostates of men over 40 years of age are commonly affected by several pathologies, such as benign prostate hyperplasia and cancer. Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers among men population worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in the year 2018, prostate cancer affected approximately 1.28 million men and was responsible for the death of 358,989 of them. Prostate cancer development is associated with several risk factors, such as older age, black ethnicity, a family history of disease, an increased body mass index and obesity. In this way, the risk of prostate cancer development may be reduced through the consumption of a healthy diet full of fruits and vegetables, practice of physical exercise and maintenance of a healthy weight.Despite several approaches being available for prostate cancer treatment, the number of prostate cancer deaths is continuously increasing, which emphasizes the need to search for new methods for precocious diagnosis and more effective treatment. Animal models, including rodents, have greatly contributed to the study of biopathology and the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.This Special Issue presents original research works, case reports and reviews concerning the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of prostate cancer, highlighting new advances in this field
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    Molecular World Today and Tomorrow: Recent Trends in Biological Sciences (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569970 , 9783036569963
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (294 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Various molecular techniques based on omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics) and phylogenetics have been applied in biological sciences. Molecular dynamics and approaches evolved over time into various quantitative tools that allow researchers from multiple disciplines to design different studies. The molecular-based techniques can be comprehensive and systematic, as they allow identification, resolve genetic differences, molecular docking, and prediction models of ecological niches and taxonomic ranks. Investigating genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques utilize a novel class of DNA elements, such as microsatellites from mitochondria and chloroplast and retrotransposons, resulting in genetic variations using molecular data. In addition to this, the advantages and limitations of molecular approaches have been well studied and acknowledged. The combination of molecular phylogenetic and omics techniques and expression and pathways analysis may greatly increase our capacity to understand and develop new molecular mechanisms and stress responses in biological systems. Furthermore, these techniques offer extensive opportunities for researchers to develop targeted therapy approaches and disease diagnoses using molecular data. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how data from diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies. The study and applications of molecular approaches hold significant potential for advancing genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques in biological sciences
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    Microfluidics for Biomedical Applications (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036571263 , 9783036571270
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the most recent technical innovations and developments in the area of microfluidics, particularly in relation to their biomedical applications. The advent of microfluidics has provided important insights into the fields of biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. Special attention is given to the isolation and detection of circulating tumor cells and exosomes, the generation of concentration dilutions, the rapid sensing and detection of single molecules and viruses, and the innovations in inertial microfluidics, electrical impedance, magnetic biosensors, and droplet microfluidics
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    Plant Breeding Supporting the Sustainable Field Crop Production (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036570174 , 9783036570167
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: This Special Issue aims to highlight how plant breeding could contribute to strengthening sustainability in field crop production by integrating the application of modern technologies and tools. This Reprint contains eleven articles focusing on the most recent topic of plant breeding
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    Light-Controlled Modulation and Analysis of Neuronal Functions (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036565637 , 9783036565620
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Contemporary research has been enriched by new directions in which light plays a key role as a tool for the modulation of cellular activity and the invasive monitoring of intracellular ions and other components. The progress in molecular biology, imaging techniques and other modern technologies has led to the emergence of three main areas in which light is the main tool: optogenetics, photopharmacology, and optosensorics. The main advantages of these approaches are the possibilities to investigate the functions of cells; modulate the activity of ion channels, synaptic transmission and neuronal circuits; measure concentrations of ions and other cellular components; and even control the behaviour of organisms.Due to the development of these powerful molecular and genetic tools, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the functioning of the nervous system has greatly advanced. This reprint is intended to highlight the latest advances in these areas with a primary focus on light-based analysis and control of neuronal functions
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    Thermal and Optical Remote Sensing: Evaluating Urban Green Spaces and Urban Heat Islands in a Changing Climate (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036562759 , 9783036562766
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the theoretical principles and practical adoption of remote sensing approaches and datasets in understanding the nexus between urbanization, natural landscapes, urban micro-climate, climate change and Urban Heat Islands. Urbanization, characterized by natural landscape transformation, influences thermodynamics, surface energy and micro- and macro climate perturbations. These changes result in environmental deterioration that in turn adversely affects bio-physical processes and quality of urban life. A major consequence of urbanization is the Urban Heat Island (UHI). It is anticipated that the increased UHIs, in concert with the increasing anthropogenic activities, will further increase the vulnerability of urban landscapes to climate-related disasters such as floods and heatwaves. Recent advances in optical and thermal remotely sensed datasets offer great potential in understanding the relationship between urban bio-physical characteristics and UHIs. Hence, this reprint provides a basis for understanding urban ecological and thermal patterns, which is critical for the management of urban physical, ecological and social processes within a remotely sensed data framework. This reprint should be of interest to both specialists and generalists interested in, among other fields, urban planning, ecological conservation, the urban micro-climate, and climate change
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    Dinoflagellate Biology : Using Molecular Approaches to Unlock Their Ecology and Evolution (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036561981 , 9783036561974
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: Dinoflagellates are an important group of aquatic microbial eukaryotes, showing great diversity in life histories, ecological niches, morphology, and pigment composition. They include species with photosynthetic, heterotrophic, symbiotic, mixotrophic, and parasitic lifestyles, and encompass coral symbionts, harmful algal bloom forming species, and important fish parasites. They are present in fossil records that date back several hundred million years. Dinoflagellates include the majority of species that produce marine biotoxins, impacting aquaculture. In recent years, molecular approaches have been applied to understand dinoflagellate biology, including techniques for studying dinoflagellate ecology, physiology, basic genetics, and evolution. This Special Issue, edited by Professor Shauna Murray, is dedicated to the application and development of molecular approaches for enhancing our understanding of dinoflagellate biology
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    Greenhouse Management for Better Vegetable Quality, Higher Nutrient Use Efficiency and Healthier Soil (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036563015 , 9783036563022
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Greenhouse cultivation provides an artificially controlled environment for the year-round production of vegetables, and has played an increasingly important role in agriculture production systems in recent decades. Recent works have shown that improving greenhouse conditions can promote the growth of vegetables and enhance the uptake of nutrients, leading to better vegetable quality. Meanwhile, greenhouse conditions not only directly influence soil nutrient cycling processes and properties, but also indirectly affect them by regulating vegetable root growth and plant–soil interactions. This Special Issue features twelve original research articles that deal with the effects of novel greenhouse practices and strategies on the yield and quality of horticulture crops, as well as greenhouse soil properties. Among these publications, three studied the effects of fertilizers, including organic and macro- and micro-nutrient fertilizers, on the growth and nutrient uptake of vegetables. Two articles described the effects of water and nutrient supply using irrigation or hydroponic supplying systems on the yield and quality of vegetables. Four articles investigated the effects of environmental conditions (mainly light and temperature) on the growth and quality of vegetables. In terms of degenerated greenhouse soil, three articles showed how reductive soil disinfestation decreased soil salinity, improved soil quality, and inactivated soil-borne pathogens
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    Virus—Host Cell Interactions (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036565590 , 9783036565583
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites, and their biology is closely interlinked with that of their host cells. However, this relationship is two-sided. Virus–host cell interactions are clearly essential to allow viruses to facilitate their life cycles, but they also give the host cell a chance to recognize and combat virus infections. This Special Issue of Cells compiles review papers on emerging themes related to virus–host cell interactions of RNA viruses, including mechanistic details of virus uncoating, new insights into the nature and function of viral replication compartments, and the role of RNA methylation in the virus life cycle. This is complemented by primary research papers addressing virus–host cell interactions from diverse perspectives
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    Feature Papers in Food Chemistry (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036563336 , 9783036563329
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: This reprint collects high-quality manuscripts with a focus on food composition, with special emphasis on chemical characterization, the content of bioactive molecules, contaminants, and analytical aspects. The roles of variety, cultivation, growing conditions, and technological processes on the nutritional quality of foods have been investigated. Studies dealing with the biological activity and health benefits of bioactive food molecules have been also considered
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    Combined Nutrition and Exercise Interventions in Community Groups (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036562728 , 9783036562711
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (320 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Diet and physical activity are two key modifiable lifestyle factors that influence health across the lifespan (prevention and management of chronic diseases and reduction of the risk of premature death through several biological mechanisms). Community-based interventions contribute to public health, as they have the potential to reach high population-level impact, through the focus on groups that share a common culture or identity in their natural living environment. While the health benefits of a balanced diet and regular physical activity are commonly studied separately, interventions that combine these two lifestyle factors have the potential to induce greater benefits in community groups rather than strategies focusing only on one or the other. Thus, this Special Issue entitled “Combined Nutrition and Exercise Interventions in Community Groups” is comprised of manuscripts that highlight this combined approach (balanced diet and regular physical activity) in community settings. The contributors to this Special Issue are well-recognized professionals in complementary fields such as education, public health, nutrition, and exercise. This Special Issue highlights the latest research regarding combined nutrition and exercise interventions among different community groups and includes research articles developed through five continents (Africa, Asia, America, Europe and Oceania), as well as reviews and systematic reviews
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    Secondary Metabolites from Fungi — Honour of Prof. Dr. Ji-Kai Liu's 60th Birthday (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036561448 , 9783036561431
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (480 p.)
    Keywords: Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Fungal natural products have made important contributions to the history of human civilization. Mr. Liu Jikai has had a significant influence on the field of chemistry in fungal natural products, leading a large number of Chinese scholars engaged in related research. We would like to take this opportunity to thank Mr. Liu Jikai for his efforts on fungal natural products chemistry and hope that all colleagues will make great progress for the future
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    Body Condition and Productivity, Health and Welfare (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036562391 , 9783036562407
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Animals & society
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on applied research on growth traits, fat reserves, fatty acid profiles and enriched diets and their effects on reproduction, health status and welfare. The studies contained in the volume have been carried out in both monogastric organisms and ruminants, fish, broilers or pigeons. Fundamental studies with rats or mice are also presented. The reader will find novel research about the effects of the degree of fatness and muscularity determined by ultrasound method on sows´ reproductive performance, genetic studies on fatty acid profiles and growth traits in rabbits and Gilthead Seabream; nutritional studies addressing diets enriched with bee pollen in rats, postbiotics in male rabbits, concentrate and bypass supplementations in buffaloes; and interesting studies on the welfare assessment of meat sheep, rabbits, racing pigeons, broilers, alpacas and llamas using body condition measurements
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    Molecular Mechanism and Application of Somatic Cell Cloning in Mammals (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036559667 , 9783036559650
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The primary objective of this book is to provide the current status of and new data on the molecular mechanisms affecting the efficacy of somatic cell cloning, but also insightful interpretations of the topical and coming trends in the exploration of genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic and proteomic profiles for nuclear donor cells, nuclear recipient oocytes and SCNT-derived embryos. Comprehensively deciphering the crucial molecular scenarios responsible for inter-genomic, inter-epigenomic, inter-transcriptomic and inter-proteomic communication within the framework of the aforementioned scenarios might be a milestone giving rise to the enhancements in the extra- and intracorporeal epigenetic reprogrammabilities of donor cell nuclei in nuclear-transferred oocytes, embryos, conceptuses and neonates. In turn, this might allow us to use SCNT-mediated ARTs in such research fields as biotechnology, transgenics, medicine, and biopharmacology, as well as scientific efforts targeted at designing the in vitro and in vivo models of molecular and epigenomic landscapes specific for inheritable and acquired disorders in humans and other mammalian species
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    The Role of Fungi in Biodeterioration of Cultural Heritage: New Insights for Their Control (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036564951 , 9783036564968
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on fungi as they are considered one of the most harmful organisms, endangering the conservation of historical and artistic heritage worldwide. Fungi are a large group of organisms occupying many ecological niches, even those considered extreme, due to their ability to cope with many environmental factors and to feed on all organic materials, even those considered toxic. For these reasons, the conservation of artefacts of historical or artistic value must consider information on fungal diversity, ecology, and the methods of controlling or limiting their destructive action. Biocides have been used for decades as the method of choice to stop or mitigate fungal spreading when preventive measures fail. Recently, more attention has been paid to alternative control methods that are more respectful of the operator and the environment. Due to the wide range of materials used throughout history, and the microclimatic conditions to which they are subjected worldwide, more efforts are needed to cover this knowledge gap and set more sustainable protocols
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    Worldwide Evaluations of Quinoa—Biodiversity and Food Security under Climate Change Pressures (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570433 , 9783036570426
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (592 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: This volume collates the main recent developments from studies on quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) worldwide. The most important studies focused on the study of the main agronomic practices, ecophysiological traits, genetics, and post-harvest aspects of quinoa. The result of the most recent pieces of research carried out by scientists from international universities and research centers are included
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    Aquaphotomics - Exploring Water Molecular Systems in Nature (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036571188 , 9783036571195
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (374 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint is a compilation of more than 20 scientific publications, both original research papers and review papers, assembled for the Special Issue of Molecules journal, Aquaphotomics; this Special Issue explores water molecular systems in nature, and is the first of its kind organized on this topic. Now available in a reprint, this publication presents cutting-edge research work performed in the area of a young, but rapidly evolving scientific discipline, Aquaphotomics. The reprint includes topics that range from basic water science, material hydration, the water–material interaction and biocompatibility, novel scientific theories about the role of water in cell biology, the possibilities of using Aquaphotomics for monitoring food quality, estimating shelf-life, diagnosing stress in plants, determining diseases in animals and the outcomes of therapies in medicine. The reprint also provides the reader with an opportunity to improve their knowledge in the areas of spectral preprocessing, multivariate analysis and chemometrics, with focus on Aquaphotomics approach. For any reader already working in the field of Aquaphotomics, this will be a highly advantageous publication, in order to ascertain the latest research trends and discoveries; for novices, it offers a window into an exciting new world that is brimming with possibilities
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    Antibiotic Resistance : A One-Health Approach (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036560328 , 9783036560311
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: Antibiotic resistance represents one of the most important challenges in the world and involves humans, animals and the environment.For this reason, it is increasingly important to focus our attention on the present scenarios and the future prospects relating to this problem. The One Health approach helps us and can provide the tools to consider the problem from different points of view, also providing alternative solutions to the use of the antibiotic itself
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    Filter-Feeding in Marine Invertebrates (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036558677 , 9783036558684
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (90 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Filter-feeding in marine invertebrates is a big and important research subject, which cannot be even approximately covered by the present six articles. But although these articles deal with a limited and rather random selection of both topics and filter-feeding species, they give an update of certain aspects of important ongoing research. The articles deal with many topics, such as: filtration rates, energy budgets, growth rates, bioenergetic modeling, filter-pump design, particle-capture mechanisms, functional morphology, and hydrodynamics studied in sponges, jellyfish, mussels, and other filter-feeding marine invertebrates. This makes the Special Issue relevant for all marine biologists
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    Biocatalytic Applications in Biotechnology (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036562650 , 9783036562667
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: At present, the increasing demand for novel biotechnological products is supported through the continuous development of biocatalytic applications. As a consequence, the progress of research regarding enzymatic catalysis in aqueous, non-aqueous, organic (polar or non-polar), and/or non-solvent media is decisive. Experimental design methods, which also may comprise in silico studies, the design of specific reactors and conditions, the reactions of significant chemical and/or biochemical processes that are relevant to industrial production, enzyme kinetic methods, the investigation of enzymatic mechanisms and the use of immobilized enzymes and/or microbial cells on various inert matrices, are all useful. A plethora of enzymes of several classes, which may potentially be used as biocatalysts in biotechnological applications, are available. Among these enzymes, the more common are oxidoreductases (laccase, catalase, glucose oxidase, etc.), hydrolases (amylases, lipases, proteases, amidases, cellulases, esterases, etc.), isomerases (epimerases, topoisomerases, mutases, etc.), and others. By means of the aforementioned biocatalysts and the utilization of specific biotechnological methods, important, cost-effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly processes have been applied for the synthesis and/or the conversion of a huge number of market-required products
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    Biophysics of Nucleic Acids Celebrating the 75th Birthday of Professor Kenneth J. Breslauer (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036560984 , 9783036560977
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue comprises 15 papers broadly outlining current trends in nucleic acid biophysics. It contains original research papers and reviews on structure, stability, and interactions of canonical and non-canonical nucleic acids. The authors describe the use of established, time-honored experimental and computational techniques as well as their more recently developed counterparts. Molecular insights that can be gained from the papers collected in this issue range from the fundamental to the applied with emphasis on biological functions and biomedical prospects of nucleic acids. The collection is not meant to be exhaustive, but to highlight recent advances from select laboratories worldwide. Nevertheless, it represents a useful guide for scientists who wish to familiarize themselves with biophysical topics in nucleic acid research. This Special Issue will be useful both for researchers who study fundamental aspects of nucleic acid structure, stability, and dynamics, as well as for those that are mainly interested in practical biological and biomedical applications of nucleic acids
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    Stem Cells in Domestic Animals : Applications in Health and Production (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036559094 , 9783036559100
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Stem cells are an attractive tool for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine, both for humans and animals. The research and review articles published in this first book of the Collection “Stem Cells in Domestic Animals: Applications in Health and Production” are excellent examples of the recent advances made in the field of stem/stromal cell research in veterinary medicine. In this field, sophisticated and new treatments are now required for improving patients’ quality of life; in livestock animals, the goal of regenerative medicine is to improve not only animal welfare but also the quality of production, aiming to preserve human health. The contributions collected in this book concern both laboratory research and clinical applications of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. The increasing knowledge of cell-based therapies may constitute an opportunity for researchers, veterinary practitioners, and animal owners to contribute to animal and human health and well-being
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    Scientific Insights and Technological Advances in Gluten Free Products Development (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036565651 , 9783036565644
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: This Special Issue addresses both new scientific insights and technological advances of gluten-free product development exploring alternative ingredients for the development of gluten-free products aiming to mimic the unique viscoelastic properties of gluten as a gas retention ingredient during fermentation, water binding and enabler of starch gelatinization on baking, and a bread flavor enhancer via gluten-related proteases
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    Genomic Analysis of Antibiotics Resistance in Pathogens (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036565248 , 9783036565231
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens currently represents a serious threat to public health and the economy. Due to antibiotic treatments in humans and veterinary medicine, prophylactic use and environmental contamination, bacteria are today more frequently exposed to unnatural doses of antibiotics and their selective effect.Antibiotic resistance can be encoded on chromosomes, plasmids, or other mobile genetic elements in bacteria. It may also result from mutations that lead to changes in the affinity of antibiotics for their targets or in the ability of antibiotics to act on bacterial growth or death. Exposure of bacteria, bacterial populations, and microbial communities to antibiotics at different concentrations shapes their genomic dynamics, as does the mobilisation and spread of resistance determinants. It is, therefore, essential to understand the dynamics and mobilisation of genes encoding antibiotic resistance, in human, animal, plant, and environmental microbiomes, through genomic and metagenomic approaches and bioinformatics analyses.This Special Issue gathers research publications on the horizontal transfer of antibiotic-resistance genes, their dissemination and epidemiology, their association with bacterial virulence, between bacterial genotypes and their phenotypes, and other related research topics
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    Neurodegenerative Diseases (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570754 , 9783036570747
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a heterogeneous group of complex diseases characterized by neuronal loss and progressive degeneration of different areas of the nervous system. NDs represent a significant health problem worldwide, with an increasing incidence rate. Although the exact pathogenesis of NDs remains unclear, a complex interaction among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors has been proposed. To date, no effective therapeutics have been developed to slow, halt, or prevent any NDs. Thus, information on the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of NDs is strongly sought after. This Special Issue collected papers discussing advances in the field of NDs
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    Addressing New Therapeutic Strategies Using Models (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036570839 , 9783036570822
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: A disease model displays pathological processes observed in human or animal diseases. The models are fundamental tools in biomedical research, and they are invaluable for providing new insights into mechanisms underlying organ function, establishing the pathophysiology of a disease, and testing potential therapeutic approaches.Models have been long used to study several diseases, including cardiovascular, oncologic, metabolic, infectious, and neurological diseases, among others. Animals or cells displaying pathological processes observed in human or animal diseases have been used as models. Moreover, mathematical models are also of great importance to disease modeling. Animal models offer the unique opportunity to investigate the function of genes and pathways and the in vivo effects of drugs, bridging the gap between basic science and the treatment of diseases. The selection of a suitable model system is a crucial step in research design. For disease modeling to be meaningful, a relevant cellular or genetic phenotype must be observed. Without the use of models, both research and clinical practice worldwide would be vastly different today.This Special Issue aimed to publish original research works or reviews with models of disease, highlighting their importance to search for new therapeutic strategies
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    Antimicrobial Resistance in Veterinary Medicine and Public Health (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036563428 , 9783036563435
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Animals & society
    Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance is the intrinsic capability of microorganisms to survive unfavorable conditions; such traits are mainly transferrable through movable genetic elements, enabling the rapid and homogeneous diffusion of resistance genes over diverse ecosystems and sectors including human medicine, veterinary medicine, and the environment. In this view, the One Health approach allows for a comprehensive depiction of the mechanisms responsible for the onset and spread of antimicrobial resistance traits, as well as enabling a clear definition of the dynamics that occurs among microbial members harboring diverse ecological niches that favor the orthogonal diffusion of antibiotic resistance between apparently separate milieus
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    Abiotic Stresses, Biostimulants and Plant Activity (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036569642 , 9783036569659
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Numerous biotic and abiotic stresses can significantly decrease crop growth and yields. In the context of climate change, stresses will be more frequent in the coming years and will have an even more severe impact on agricultural systems. As a result, crop production could be drastically reduced, with the consequences aggravated by the fact that the world’s growing population will require more food production. Furthermore, among abiotic stresses, the salinity of soils and water for agricultural use, as well as drought, particularly impact crops. For these reasons, sustainable measures need to be implemented to maintain/increase crop production and ensure the resilience of agricultural systems. To this end, biostimulants, materials that can increase crop productivity and the quality profile of end products, are an increasingly popular solution. The primary function of biostimulants is improving nutrient use efficiency, quality traits, and stress tolerance, as well as ensuring the bioavailability of nutrients in the soil or rhizosphere. Therefore, this Special Issue published research on the effects of biostimulants on helping crops to cope with abiotic stresses, focusing on salt and drought stress. In addition, scientific contributions on the use of biostimulants to counteract other abiotic stresses, such as potentially toxic metals and extreme temperatures, are also welcome. New substances with biostimulant action and studies investigating the mechanisms of action of biostimulants and their qualitative, economic, and environmental benefits will also be considered
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    Alternative Splicing : From Abiotic Stress Tolerance to Evolutionary Genomics (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036574578 , 9783036574561
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: A combination of dry lab bioinformatic analyses and wet lab molecular experiments seems to be a major trend for biological studies. The authors of the papers included in this reprint tried to elucidate the linkage between environmental stress and molecular response, and the species investigated in each of the articles are phylogenetically and agriculturally diverse. These exemplar studies will potentially ignite more ideas and biological stories to investigate gene functions
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    Challenging the Status Quo to Shape Food Systems Transformation from a Nutritional and Food Security Perspective : Second Edition (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036576190 , 9783036576183
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: The present reprint aimed to present original research articles and reviews concerning the following:Access: affordability, allocation, and preference of food;Availability: the production, distribution, and exchange of food;Circularity in food systems at local, regional, or global levels;The development, impact, and ethics of novel and data-driven technologies in food systems;Food security and policy, governance, institutions, and trade;Influencing food consumption and demand regarding the food environment;The stability and dynamics of food security aspects;Sustainable food systems and agro-ecological food production;Utilization: the nutritional value, social value, and safety of food
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    Precision Nutrition (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036574844 , 9783036574851
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: New scientific advances in different areas have allowed the design of more precise strategies for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders through nutrition. In this context emerges the term Precision Nutrition, a new approach that takes advantage of scientific knowledge about the interaction of internal and external environmental factors to develop dynamic and precise nutritional recommendations. Therefore, Precision Nutrition includes personalized advice based on genetics and well-documented gene–nutrient–phenotype interactions, as well as other factors such as individual metabolome, transcriptome, and microbiota profile; food behavior; and dietary, physical activity, and life-style habits; and the resulting interactomes. Precision Nutrition should be based at least on three sequential steps: conventional nutritional approaches (considering age, gender, and physiological states); the incorporation of nutritional and health status information (e.g., metabolites, physical and nutritional behavior); and the genetic baggage including multiomics functional integration
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    Radiation Damage in Biomolecules and Cells (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036574875 , 9783036574868
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (398 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The papers collected in this Special Issue deal with the effects of ionizing radiation at molecular and cellular levels, as well as possible applications in medicine and radiation protection. In particular, some works analysed the early stages of the interaction between ionizing radiation and DNA focusing on DNA cluster damage, which is widely considered as an important step towards subsequent endpoints. Other studies investigated the consequences of hypoxia on the evolution of the initial DNA damage, and one work analysed genome-wide DNA alterations in irradiated human cells. Concerning radiation therapy, the response of cancer cells to different radiation types was characterized both in vitro and in vivo, and possible strategies to enhance such response were investigated; furthermore, FLASH radiotherapy was reviewed. In the framework of cancer therapy side effects, the consequences of high doses on gene expression in healthy cells were analyzed, and the RBE (Relative Biological Effectiveness) for late effects in the central nervous system was predicted by the BIANCA biophysical model. Finally, the protective role of melatonin and Vitamin D, as well as hypothermia, was reviewed, valine radiolysis was investigated, the changes in radio-sensitivity of embrios during the early developmental stages of the preimplantation were analyzed, and epigenetic modifications induced by ionizing radiation were reviewed
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    Soil Carbon, Nitrogen Sequestration and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation under Global Change (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036573458 , 9783036573441
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: Global change induced extreme climate events are becoming more common than ever. Soil carbon and nitrogen pools correlated significantly with changes in atmospheric greenhouse gas. Large increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases, majorly carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane, can enhance the heating of atmosphere, which will be generally followed by global warming. Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions including various strategies, such as the sequestrations of carbon and nitrogen in soil, plant or ecosystems, efficient management of agricultural and forestry ecosystems, mitigation of ecosystem carbon and nitrogen leaching, etc. The mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from all kinds of sources will be therefore crucial in mitigation of global climate change.This reprint gathered latest case studies and methodologies, including, but not limited to measurement and mitigation strategies of carbon and nitrogen pools in soil, plant, or ecosystems, and greenhouse gas emissions, will substantially improve our understanding of the potential, ability, and capacity of ecosystems in mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and hence global climate change. This reprint can be used by colleagues working on global climate change, ecology, agriculture, forestry and policy makers associated with global change. Chapters included in this reprint were contributed by colleagues from China, Egypt, Italy, Jordan, Mexico, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, etc. It can be used in most countries in the world
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    Hypothalamic Regulation of Obesity (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036573939 , 9783036573922
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (254 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The manuscripts published in this reprint provide new insights into the hypothalamic neuronal and non-neuronal pathways involved in the pathophysiology and development of obesity and related diseases such as diabetes. Via four original papers, six review manuscripts, and one perspective, this reprint will substantially contribute to the identification of novel therapeutic targets in the hypothalamus and novel approaches to combatting the progression of human obesity
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    Food Composition and Dedicated Databases: Key Tools for Human Health and Public Nutrition (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036568508 , 9783036568515
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: This Special Issue collects research on and applications of the relationship between food, nutrition, and databases. The development of databases of nutrients, bioactive compounds, and metabolites are key tools for human health and public nutrition and represent resources for a wide range of applications in food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, epidemiology, and medicinal areas. The current research trends are highlighted
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    Research on Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins in China (Volume II) (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036573847 , 9783036573854
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins threaten plant and animal health and cause economic losses. This book focuses on the recent research progress into pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins in China. The molecular mechanisms of mycotoxin biosynthesis and pathogenic fungi growth and development are reported from the perspectives of transcription regulation, histone modification and enzymes, providing a theoretical basis for discovering new control targets. This Special Issue not only includes a review about the microbial degradation of mycotoxins, but also discusses several new chemical and biological methods which inhibit the biosynthesis of mycotoxin. Special attention is also given to the effect of nutrition on the production of mycotoxins. Some papers have also been collected about detection assays and the risk assessments of mycotoxins. The fundamental and applied research into mycotoxins is not only of particular interest but is also important for reducing economic losses
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    Advances in Forest Ecophysiology : Stress Response and Ecophysiological Indicators of Tree Vitality (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036575193 , 9783036575186
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Forestry & related industries
    Abstract: Air pollution and the changing climate are some of the greatest threats to the health and functioning of forest ecosystems, strongly jeopardizing their ecological and economic functions as well as services. The impact of increasing temperatures and extreme weather events (droughts, storms, temperature and precipitation extremes) on the vitality of forest trees is often difficult to separate from the impact of pollution, such as nitrogen deposition and tropospheric ozone, as they can exhibit synergistic effects. The use of indicators is elementary in modern forest ecophysiological research, as they help us to disentangle complex interactions between trees and various stress-inducing factors as well as better estimate the level of damage to trees and forest ecosystems.Eleven papers are included in this Special Issue, with wide-ranging topics from various disciplines but centered around tree responses to environmental stress. The task of this Special Issue is twofold: one, to remind us that a better understanding of the physiological processes influencing tree vitality under the changing climate and air pollution pressures requires considerable research efforts and constant advancements in research methods and approaches; two, to highlight the fact that the environmental pressures instigating the use of tree stress response indicators are more present than ever, and will likely continue to affect tree vitality in the foreseeable future
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    Advances in Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036574233 , 9783036574226
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint is a collection of articles belonging to the Special Issue Advances in Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples of Metabolites. The Special Issue is dedicated to reviews and original articles covering the current methodological and technological advancements in the pre-analytical handling of biological samples, sample preparation protocols, analytical approaches for untargeted and targeted metabolic profiling, and metabolite annotation tools
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    West Nile Virus Infection (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036572406 , 9783036572413
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (138 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: This reprint covers different aspects of the West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito-borne pathogen that belongs to the Flavivirus genus (family Flaviviridae). The virus is maintained in nature in a rural cycle between mosquito vectors, mainly Culex species, and avian hosts. Spillover from this cycle occasionally results in outbreaks in horses and humans. In severe cases, the infection can induce neurological signs, such as meningitis and encephalitis, and in some cases, it can lead to death. The virus has spread across the world in this century, including its expansion in the Americas since 1999, and an increase in the number of outbreaks and its severity has been observed in Europe in recent years. Considering all these aspects, an approach including public, animal and environmental health is the best option to increase the knowledge of this problem, making this disease an excellent example of a “One Health” issue. Bearing in mind this multidisciplinary aspect, the volume includes contributions related to the pathogenesis, vaccines, diagnosis and epidemiology of the virus both in humans and animals
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    Advanced Research on Sprouts and Microgreens as a Source of Bioactive Compounds (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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    ISBN: 9783036571775 , 9783036571768
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Botany & plant sciences
    Abstract: Today, researchers are focused on studying and identifying new products that can be beneficial for both food and pharmaceutical purposes. In this context, sprouts and microgreens are widely recognized as functional foods due to their high nutritional value, and in particular, their high bioactive compound content, which is mainly composed of phytochemicals. However, despite extensive research on the germination of species cultivated under optimal conditions, knowledge gaps remain regarding various aspects of sprout and microgreen production. To address this research issue, interdisciplinary collaboration is crucial. This involves the identification of novel species for edible sprout cultivation, the exploration of innovative strategies to stimulate bioactive compound production, and the development of new “nutraceutical” foods. Moreover, it is imperative to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of the consumption of microgreens. This reprint presents cutting-edge research on sprouts and microgreens, providing valuable insights for the academic community
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    Design, Production and Characterization of Peptide Antibodies (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036576909 , 9783036576916
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: Antibodies are key reagents in diagnostics and experimental biology, capable of detecting numerous antigenic targets. Proteins are often in focus and are usually effective targets for antibody production. Occasionally, however, the native protein is known but not available, or a very specific target is required. In these cases, synthetic peptides, copying essential sequences from the target, are good alternatives for antibody production. Peptide antibodies have been used in diagnostics and experimental biology with great success, especially because they can be produced to multiple targets, for example, native and denatured targets. Traditional peptide antibody proteins encompass animal-based immunization with a synthetic peptide, usually conjugated to a carrier protein to enhance immune presentation, as small peptides tend not to be immunogenic by themselves. There are several strategies for the conjugation of peptides to carriers applied for immunization. This is the most used approach for peptide antibody production. In addition to traditional peptide antibody production, peptide antibodies can be produced using libraries or sequencing. This Special Issue, “Design, Production and Characterization of Peptide Antibodies”, aims to describe the current state-of-the-art techniques and characterization/applications within the field as well as new and emerging uses of peptide antibodies
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    Green Antimicrobials (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036582382 , 9783036582399
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: In the last couple of years, the awareness of climate change and high pollution levels have raised our sense of ecological responsibility. Pharmaceutical industries play a major role in these issues; as such, alternatives must be found. New environmentally friendly approaches to deal with the growing concern associated with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are also in great demand. The excessive consumption and misuse of these agents have accelerated the rise of such pathogens responsible for compromising global health—not only the health of humans, but also the health of all living systems. Considering that our natural resources are in great danger, finding green and less environmentally impactful alternatives for fighting these resistant microbials is imperative. From green chemistries, natural extracts and waste products, the sources of these alternate antimicrobial agents can be immense, and their implications are of great impact for future generations
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    Engineering Innovations in Agriculture (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036581606 , 9783036581613
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (370 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: Rural development is an essential constituent of the global economy. However, within agriculture, a decrease in the quantity and quality of crop harvest and livestock productivity is observed due to a deterioration in soil fertility, environment, and irrational use of natural resources. At the same time, agricultural areas are under pressure from population growth, requiring more food production. As a result, it encourages people to move into intact primary areas in order to increase the area of crops, pastures, etc., which leads to the destruction of natural diversity. The solution to avoid disaster is increasing agricultural production efficiency to expand crop harvest and livestock productivity without deteriorating quality. It requires introducing innovative engineering technologies to agriculture. Fortunately, technology is developing rapidly nowadays, and new driving scientific forces are emerging. The Special Issue collected high-quality research and review articles from academics and industry-related researchers in the areas of Agricultural Engineering covering the following topics: harvesting and planting crops, livestock production, livestock and agrofood waste utilization, seed treatment and transportation, water treatment, agricultural robotic applications, solutions for digital and precision agriculture, hardware and software support for pest and weed control, machine learning, energy efficiency and conservation in agriculture
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    Cardiometabolic Health in Relation to Diet and Physical Activity: Experimental and Clinical Evidence (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036581828 , 9783036581835
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: The purpose of this Special Issue, “The Role of Nutrition in Cardiometabolic Health: Experimental, Clinical, and Community-Based Evidence”, is to publish a focused, coherent, impactful, and well-cited volume on how nutrition influences diverse cardiometabolic risk factors. Cardiometabolic diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity are the leading causes of death worldwide. In recent years, dietary habits have shifted all over the globe. At the same time, a constantly growing body of evidence demonstrates the role of caloric intake and dietary composition as determinants of cardiometabolic health. A suboptimal diet predisposes to a myriad of cardiometabolic risk factors such as impaired glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure. The goal of this Special Issue is to provide rigorous evidence from novel experimental and observational studies that support the association between dietary factors and cardiometabolic risk and evaluate the diverse diet-related risk pathways
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    Cytogenetics of Domestic Animals: Clinical, Molecular and Evolutionary Aspects (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036575889 , 9783036575896
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The present Special Issue refers to the last 30 years of contributions to the application of cytogenetics to domestic animals, as clearly reported in the five-paper review. In addition, eight original contributions regarding the cytogenetics of several animal species are included. In each contribution, several thematic areas and various cytogenetic techniques are proposed to better demonstrate the potentiality of this biological technology in the genetic improvement of livestock. Special attention was paid to the presence of chromosomal abnormalities in domestic animals and their effects on reproduction, suggesting the routine use of karyotype analyses on reproducers to drastically reduce the effects on reproduction and the economic losses encountered by breeders. In addition to classical cytogenetic analyses such as chromosome banding, the use of molecular cytogenetics, especially the FISH mapping technique, with both specific molecular markers (generally BAC clones) and chromosome painting probes were emphasized in all papers to better study the following: (a) Chromosomal abnormalities; (b) The chromosomal evolution of species; (c) Physical gene mapping in light of genomic sequences in the most important domestic species. Finally, a specific review is dedicated to molecular cytogenetics, in which examples of applied molecular techniques, including the FISH technique, comparative genomic hybridization array, and PCR-based method, are reported
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    Dietary Influence on Nutritional Epidemiology, Public Health and Our Lifestyle (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036577128 , 9783036577135
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Dietary habits differ from person to person and usually are determined by cultural habits and traditions that determine lifestyles linked to the socio-demographic characteristics associated with ethnicity. It is known that dietary habits, lifestyle and socio-demographic factors impact human health. Eating disorders, increasing consumption of less-healthy foods, lack of exercise, genetic predisposition, along with other factors, increase risk of diseases such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and various mental disorders. This reprint entitled “Dietary Influence on Nutritional Epidemiology, Public Health and Our Lifestyle”, addresses the associations between some dietary patterns, lifestyle and socio-demographic factors, analyzed either separately or in combination, with the risk and management of cardiovascular diseases and mental health problems, such as depression and dementia. This reprint includes nine original articles and one systematic review
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    Sports Nutrition (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036578224 , 9783036578231
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: For this Special Issue, research leaders in sports nutrition were approached and invited to submit current reviews in their areas of expertise. The topics are novel and wide-ranging, and include updates and insights on protein, dietary patterns, and nutritional interventions to support sleep, older athletes, and sports performance; pre-exercise nutrition; supplementation with betaine, iron, and creatine; and sports nutrition research methodologies for body composition and muscle glycogen analysis. A major emphasis in all of the papers was a focus on strengths and weaknesses for various sports nutrition strategies, and insights for future research. This Special Issue on sports nutrition provided current updates in many core areas, with insights from leading experts for future research. Hopefully, scientific understanding will be advanced as these ideas are converted into novel research designs and discoveries
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    The Role of PPARs in Disease II (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036581101 , 9783036581118
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (454 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint contains the original articles and reviews compiled in the Special Issue "The Role of PPARs in Disease II" published in Cells. Nicole Wagner and Kay-Dietrich Wagner from the University Côte d'Azur served as the Guest Editors of this Special Issue and compiled the reprint
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    Ecological Transition and Circular Economy (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036579627 , 9783036579634
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (336 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: This reprint contributes to the debate on the Ecological Transition and Circular Economy from a multidimensional perspective. Research from several scientific fields has been developed, providing a comprehensive picture of the complexity of the circular transition. Indeed, the reprint highlights how creating a functioning circular economy requires combining different knowledge, skills, perspectives and approaches to shift towards sustainable consumption and production patterns successfully. Special attention is given to the multiple dimensions of circular economy applications, with articles focused on different circular economy application levels, such as processes, companies, supply chains, and cities. Furthermore, the reprint explores in detail how a circular economy becomes applied to the energy, construction and agri-food sectors that are particularly committed to this circular transition
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    Ecophysiology and Ecology of Grassland (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036579856 , 9783036579849
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: This Special Issue, “Ecophysiology and Ecology of Grassland”, contains 11 research articles and 1 review that focus on recent advancements in integrated research on natural grasslands and artificial grasslands in response to human disturbances, abiotic stresses and climate change from a species to ecosystem level
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    Natural Polyphenols in Human Health : Volume II (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036590769 , 9783036590776
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (532 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Polyphenols are natural phytochemicals recognized as one of the largest and most widespread classes of plant constituents occurring throughout the plant kingdom. Over the years, polyphenols have attracted the attention of the scientific community due to their potential health-promoting effects. Owing to their several interesting properties, polyphenols have aroused considerable interest, shedding light on their chemistry, reactivity, biological properties and their beneficial effects on both plants and humans. As a result of these investigations, a huge number of research works have been reported on polyphenols. However, despite the voluminous literature studying polyphenols and their impact on human health, there are still many issues waiting to be explored in order to explain and elucidate the positive effects of polyphenols on human health. This Special Issue was intended to gather up-to-date knowledge related to the cutting-edge research in the broad scientific area of polyphenols, providing an opportunity to show the latest advances in the exploration of polyphenols and their health beneficial effects. The special issue was a great success with more than 50 published manuscripts covering various aspects related to polyphenols and their role in human health. We are confident that this Special Issue will be of great interest to the scientific community, and will contribute to the improvement of knowledge regarding the area of polyphenols, leading to a better understanding of their role in human health
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    Abiotic Stress Signaling and Responses in Plants (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036592558 , 9783036592541
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Forestry & related industries
    Abstract: Plant responses to environmental factors are extraordinarily complex. They can be observed at various levels of plant organization, ranging from changes in the intensity of basic biochemical processes, such as respiration, photosynthesis, and transpiration, to morphological and anatomical changes in organs. However, these biochemical changes are preceded by the activation of an efficient signaling system which endures environmental fluctuations. This Special Issue showcases the latest reports on the impact of abiotic factors on plant responses. It contains 3 reviews and 9 original works and is preceded by an editorial summarizing the most important issues discussed in the publications
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    Horticultural Plants Facing Stressful Conditions - Ways of Stress Mitigation (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036594446 , 9783036594453
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: We are pleased to introduce this collection of research papers entitled "Horticultural Plants Facing Stressful Conditions - Strategies for Stress Mitigation". This reprint comprises twelve research papers and a review paper exploring the impact of stress factors on plant growth and ways to eliminate or mitigate them. The studies investigate various plant species, including sunflowers, zinnias, orchids, buttercups, tomatoes, snap beans, lettuce, jojoba, grapevines, strawberries and apple trees. The impact of stress caused by high temperatures, spring frosts, drought, salinity, copper and asbestos on the physiological, biochemical and anatomical changes in plants at the cellular, tissue, organ and whole-plant levels was described by the authors. The presented issues are crucial for comprehending the metabolic, molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying the enhancement of plant resistance to environmental stresses. This reprint focuses on three essential topics: (1) using exogenous compounds and bioinoculants to increase stress tolerance, (2) improving the quality and nutritional value of fruits and vegetables and (3) planting ornamental plants in polluted areas. Each paper has been meticulously prepared and contains figures, tables and a list of references to support a deeper understanding of the subject matter. In our opinion, this revised reprint will benefit scientists who are specifically interested in horticulture, plant physiology, biochemistry, microbiology and environmental sustainability
    Note: English
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  • 85
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    Natural Polyphenols in Human Health : Volume I (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036590745 , 9783036590752
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (534 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Polyphenols are natural phytochemicals recognized as one of the largest and most widespread classes of plant constituents occurring throughout the plant kingdom. Over the years, polyphenols have attracted the attention of the scientific community due to their potential health-promoting effects. Owing to their several interesting properties, polyphenols have aroused considerable interest, shedding light on their chemistry, reactivity, biological properties and their beneficial effects on both plants and humans. As a result of these investigations, a huge number of research works have been reported on polyphenols. However, despite the voluminous literature studying polyphenols and their impact on human health, there are still many issues waiting to be explored in order to explain and elucidate the positive effects of polyphenols on human health. This Special Issue was intended to gather up-to-date knowledge related to the cutting-edge research in the broad scientific area of polyphenols, providing an opportunity to show the latest advances in the exploration of polyphenols and their health beneficial effects. The special issue was a great success with more than 50 published manuscripts covering various aspects related to polyphenols and their role in human health. We are confident that this Special Issue will be of great interest to the scientific community, and will contribute to the improvement of knowledge regarding the area of polyphenols, leading to a better understanding of their role in human health
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  • 86
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    International Conference on Industry 4.0 for Agri-food Supply Chains: Addressing Socio-economic and Environmental Challenges in Ukraine (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036593883 , 9783036593890
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: This Engineering Proceedings reprint is focused on how Industry 4.0 technologies may benefit agri-food supply chains by alleviating socio-economic and environmental challenges. The evolving interdisciplinary research is motivated by aiding Ukraine in the war against Russia
    Note: English
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  • 87
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    Plant-Derived Anti-inflammatory Agents: Molecular Pharmacology and Further Studies (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036591896 , 9783036591889
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Forestry & related industries
    Abstract: Nature has represented and still represents a great pool of biologically active compounds and, at the same time, is a source of inspiration. In the first phase, the researchers turned their attention to the new compounds isolated from plants and their characterization in terms of their beneficial effects on human health. Recently, however, there have been extensive studies on the synthesis of compounds analogous to plant-derived compounds in order to prevent or treat diseases such as diabetes, obesity, chronic liver diseases, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and so on. One of the mechanisms involved in the beneficial effect on human health is represented by plant-derived compounds’ anti-inflammatory effects
    Note: English
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  • 88
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    Advances in Agricultural Engineering Technologies and Application : Volume II (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036593760 , 9783036593777
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (532 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: Modernization in the agriculture sector is important to ensure food security and poverty alleviation, which are the primary themes of UN-SDGs. There are many challenges in developing advanced agricultural techniques, tools, and systems, by which sustainable agriculture and food security can be satisfied. Worldwide, agricultural mechanization and modernization can be attained with advancements in agricultural engineering technologies and their associated applications. The concept is directly linked to the technological advancements in agricultural automation and robotics; precision agriculture; high-efficiency irrigation systems; farm energy systems; handling, storage, and processing of agricultural products; livestock and poultry sheds; farm water/wastewater management; biomass, biogas, and biochar; remote sensing and geographical studies; societal aspects in agriculture; and the associated bioenvironment. Such advances in agricultural engineering technologies and applications are the need of the 21st century, particularly from the viewpoint of the agricultural water–energy–food security nexus. Therefore, this Special Issue comprises original research and review studies in the abovementioned research areas
    Note: English
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  • 89
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    Photosynthesis under Biotic and Abiotic Environmental Stress (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036591438 , 9783036591421
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Dive into the fascinating world of photosynthesis through the latest publications. This comprehensive work delves deep into the intricate regulatory mechanisms that underpin the vital process of photosynthesis. From the molecular reactions at the core to the overarching responses of entire plants, explore the diverse facets of this fundamental phenomenon. Discover how plants adeptly adapt to an ever-changing and often challenging environment. Gain valuable insights with real-world applications, spanning agriculture, forestry, and biotechnology. Whether you're a scientist, educator, or enthusiast, this reprint promises to unravel the mysteries of life's essential processes. Join us in this exploration of photosynthesis as we bridge the gap between scientific inquiry and practical knowledge, ensuring a sustainable future for both natural ecosystems and cultivated environments
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  • 90
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    Ecosystem Monitoring: Collective Species and Environmental Information (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036592602 , 9783036592619
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (332 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: Ecological patterns are the manifestation of salient feedback between species and the environment, considering both the natural and built environment. Mapping this dynamical feedback over space and time means extracting the structural and functional networks of habitats and species whose nexus defines the systemic function that can be preserved and enhanced via protection and eco-engineering solutions. The key is to sense the ecological collective behavior that is salient for quantitative ecosystem assessment, forecasting, and engineering. This Topic aims to highlight data, methods, inferred processes, and solutions about collective ecological patterns at multiple scales and for diverse ecosystems. The core objective is to stress the crucial importance of ecological information and monitoring for detailed and quantitative assessment of ecosystems on which future nature-based solutions can be developed considering climate risks and population values
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  • 91
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    Antioxidants in Animal Production, Reproduction, Health and Welfare (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036589695 , 9783036589688
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (398 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Zoology & animal sciences
    Abstract: The exposure of animals to environmental stresses (restraint, bad housing conditions, irradiation, pollution, diseases, and heat stress) and endogenous stresses (metabolic and physiological disorders) can seriously disrupt the redox homeostasis, leading to impairments in animals’ health and overall performance. Under these circumstances, the self-antioxidant defense system may not be enough to neutralize ROS effects. In this context, the utilization of an exogenous source of antioxidants, mainly dietary sources, may present an effective and cost-effective solution. There are a plethora of substances, either naturally occurring or synthesized (organic acids, minerals, vitamins, hormones, and specific feed additives originating from plants such as essential oils and polyphenols), known for their antioxidant activity, that can be used to maintain adequate redox status in animals in order to preserve their well-being and/or productivity. This area of research still needs more investigations in order to clearly elucidate the effective antioxidant substances that could be used in practical applications, with an emphasis on their biological mechanisms during different physiological conditions and health statuses. We intend to bring together current research concerning the role of antioxidant substances either from natural sources or those synthesized for improving animal production, reproduction, health, and welfare
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  • 92
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    10th Anniversary of Cells—Advances in Plant, Algae and Fungi Cell Biology (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036591452 , 9783036591445
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Explore a decade of groundbreaking research in "10th Anniversary of Cells—Advances in Plant, Algae, and Fungi Cell Biology." This reprint offers a comprehensive journey into the realms of plant, algae, and fungi cell biology. Delve into the world of genomics, cellular defense mechanisms, mycorrhizal fungi, and the physiology of extremophile algae. A celebration of scientific excellence, this reprint is a valuable resource for researchers, educators, and enthusiasts passionate about these fascinating domains. Join us in commemorating a decade of discovery and advancement in cellular biology
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  • 93
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    Molecular Mechanisms of Bioactive Nutrients Promoting Health through Gut Microbiota (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036589633 , 9783036589626
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Many food components (such as phytochemicals, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, etc.) have been found to have various biological activities. Based on dietary intake and the availability of nutrients in the intestine, human gut microbiota can produce harmful metabolites that cause human diseases or beneficial compounds that prevent host diseases. Abnormal gut microbiota can produce endotoxins, exacerbating chronic inflammation and metabolic disorders. Moreover, gut microbiota is crucial for maintaining metabolism and health, and dysbiosis plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of various diseases. Therefore, a promising strategy to help manage colon and host health is to regulate the composition of the gut microbiota by eating biologically active food ingredients. Bioactive ingredients obtained from dietary sources can be designed and characterized to meet human nutritional and immune needs and balance gut microbiota. To maximize knowledge on the health effect of gut microbiota on improving human health, a Special Issue titled “Molecular Mechanisms of Bioactive Nutrients Promoting Health through Gut Microbiota” was published in the International Journal of Molecular Science, including nine papers: six research articles and three reviews. Among these six research articles, four are animal studies, one is an in vitro gut microbiota culture study, and one is a randomized clinical study
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  • 94
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    Regulation of Crop Quality and Stress Responses (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036590844 , 9783036590851
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (340 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the mechanisms of crop response to abiotic stresses and quality formation, which are an important basis for breeding high-quality and stress-resistant varieties, especially addressing global climate change. In addition, crop adversity adaptability is closely related to the quality of agricultural products. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that crops use to respond to environmental changes is of great significance to improve their quality
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  • 95
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    Feeding Strategies and Nutritional Quality of Animal Products (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036590042 , 9783036590059
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Animals & society
    Abstract: The production of food enriched with bioactive compounds, through natural means, represents a concept desired by nutritionists, doctors and consumers. Animal products with high nutritional quality can be designed using innovative feeding strategies. Animals are known to be able to ‘‘bio-convert’’ health-promoting components from their diet into their eggs, milk or meat. The nutritional quality of animal products depends on genetic, physiological and environmental conditions, but also upon their diets. Lately, various feed additives have been shown to increase the nutritional quality of animal-origin food, which in turn promotes a healthy human diet. Some of them have proven effects on productive parameters or on the sensory attributes of animal products, or modify the nutrient composition of products. Nutritional evaluations of animal products and feeds are necessary for establishing the bioconversion yield of nutrients, from feeds to animal-origin food. This Special Issue focuses on, but is not limited to, the development of new feeding formulas thst lead to improved animal production or the enhanced nutritional profiles of conventional or ecological animal products. Studies presenting feed additives that have beneficial effects on the production and quality of animal products, as well as natural feeding solutions that are environmentally friendly, were also welcomed. The proposed Special Issue is addressed to specialists from the domains of animal nutrition, food quality, chemistry and biology
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  • 96
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    New Horizons in Vision Science, Optometry and Ocular Surface (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036590653 , 9783036590646
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue aimed to explore the cutting-edge advancements in vision science, optometry, and ocular surface research. In an era marked by rapid technological progress, there is an imperative to understand how innovations in diagnostic tools, treatment protocols, and computational models are reshaping our understanding of ocular health and vision care. We invited contributions that delved into novel methodologies, uncovered new aspects of ocular physiology, or offered fresh perspectives on the management of eye conditions
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  • 97
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    Food Contaminant Components: Source, Detection, Toxicity and Removal (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036591186 , 9783036591193
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (344 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: The contaminants in food (e.g., heavy metals, foodborne pathogenic microorganisms, pesticides, veterinary drugs/antibiotics, toxins, prohibited additives, and allergens) can seriously threaten the ’health of human beings. In recent years, research on the source, detection, toxicity, and removal of food contaminant components has undergone rapid development and achieved tremendous progress through the painstaking efforts of researchers. Therefore, the aim of this Special Issue is to provide a broader perspective of the latest advances in the source, detection, toxicity, and removal of food contaminant components. In this Special Issue, we aim to address: 1) Where do these contaminant components come from? How can we detect these contaminant components? How toxic are these contaminant components? How can we remove these contaminant components? Methodological advances in all areas of food contaminant components, from fundamental research to applied research, can be covered. We welcomed both original research and review articles on topics including, but not limited to: food contaminants; sources; metabolism; biotransformation; toxicity; elimination; excretion; detection
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  • 98
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    Food Authentication: Techniques, Trends and Emerging Approaches (Second Issue) (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036589206 , 9783036589213
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: The authentication of foods and beverages is a very current topic of great interest for all the actors involved in the food chain, including the food industry, consumers, and food science researchers. Food authenticity covers many different aspects related to mislabeling, adulteration, and misleading claims about origin, production methods, or processing technologies. As many factors may affect the chemical composition of foods (e.g., geographical origin, variety or breed, conditions of cultivation, and breeding and/or feeding), the implementation of accurate, robust, and high-throughput analytical methods is needed to assess their authenticity and traceability and, consequently, guarantee their safety and quality in terms of organoleptic, nutritional, and bioactive characteristics. For these purposes, multiple analytical tools can be employed in combination with advanced chemometrics, such as spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques, DNA-based methods, and state-of-the-art omics approaches. In this context, in 2020, the journal Foods launched the Special Issue “Food Authentication: Techniques, Trends and Emerging Approaches” to gather research papers and review articles dealing with the development and application of analytical techniques and emerging approaches in food authentication. Considering the success and popularity of this earlier Special Issue, we will now release a second Special Issue comprising ten valuable scientific contributions, including one review article, one commentary article, and eight original research articles
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  • 99
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    Effects of Dietary Protein and Polysaccharide Fortification on Disease (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036590165 , 9783036590172
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Proteins and polysaccharides are two kinds of versatile natural macromolecules that are ubiquitous in nature. A tailored diet fortified with proteins and polysaccharides has been developed to ameliorate a wide array of diseases. This reprint contains experimental studies, reviews and systemic reviews that cover all beneficial aspects related to protein or polysaccharide fortification, especially for the treatment of various disorders and their complications
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  • 100
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    Food Supplements and Functional Foods Assessment for Health and Nutrition : Volume I (2023)
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9783036591001 , 9783036591018
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Nowadays, diet-related non-communicable diseases and their complications are one of the most important public health problems worldwide. Food supplements and functional foods are considered food products which contribute to the achievement of optimal nutritional well-being, health status, and quality of life through reducing the risk of diseases and promoting the appropriate function of human organs and systems. Nowadays, the assessment of these functional foods and the study of their implications in nutrition and health are important challenges in societies of developed countries where consumers increasingly demand foods with added value beyond the provision of nutrients and the satisfaction of appetite. In this reprint, the characterization of the nutritional composition and phytochemicals of functional foods and food supplements as well as the evaluation of their potential health benefits in different disorders and diseases through clinical trials or preliminary studies are addressed
    Note: English
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