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  • 2020-2024  (550)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1960-1964
  • Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (550)
  • Biology, life sciences  (498)
  • Chemical engineering  (52)
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  • 2020-2024  (550)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1960-1964
Year
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036567198 , 9783036567181
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Microgrids deliver efficient, low-cost, and clean energy while improving regional electric grid operation and stability. They further provide exceptional dynamic responsiveness for energy resources. A global portfolio of operations centered on the development and deployment of microgrids to increase grid dependability and resilience would therefore assist communities in better preparing for future weather catastrophes and keep the world moving toward a sustainable energy future. Solar photovoltaic systems are seen as a promising renewable resource, and their application in microgrids has grown rapidly in recent years
    Note: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036566818 , 9783036566801
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Botany & plant sciences
    Abstract: This reprint includes a collection of up-to-date articles on epidemiology, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and Merkel cell carcinoma. It also includes items on the use of artificial intelligence for skin cancer diagnoses as well as the impact of new immunotherapies on patient's quality of life
    Note: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564975 , 9783036564982
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: This issue contains contributions in different cutting edge topics within the field of open quantum systems. The theoretical work presented is focused, in particular, on quantum thermodynamics and quantum non-Markovianity and provides a window into current research in these fields. Different perspectives are considered that share a common root in the exploitation of open quantum systems and quantum information tools
    Note: English
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9783036566764 , 9783036566771
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The reprint “Sustainable Healthy Working Life for All Ages—Work Environment, Age Management and Employability” provide an outlet of research contributing to the development of theoretical and practical knowledge influencing people’s working life. Working life is complex and there are many different factors that influence, such as the demographic change, pandemic and rapid technological development, etc., which place constantly changing demands on both employees, organizations/companies and society in different countries. This reprint covers new knowledge, as identified factors and areas that affect employees' ability to work to an older age, interventions and measures that enable a healthy and sustainable working life throughout the entire working life journey, from young to senior employees. The reprint also addresses the pressured work situation of school leaders in managing the education of children and young people in society, and what makes them stay or leave their jobs. In addition, the reprint addresses the way in which the Covid-19 pandemic has affected working life, not least for the health care professional groups and organizations
    Note: English
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568263 , 9783036568270
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: It is crucial that scientists and engineers develop their expertise and capability through research and practice to quantify the interaction of infrastructure with the surroundings and the ground upon which they are founded. Therefore, the engineering concept ‘soil–structure interaction’ forms an integral part of delivering successful project outcomes. As the Lead and Honorary Editor for this Special Issue, Soil–Structure Interaction, I cordially invited the submission of esteemed articles related to recent projects, research, or case studies. These articles detail how geosciences (soil, rock, ground water, geochemistry, geology, hydrogeology, surface run-off, rain, wind, and temperature) directly interact with and impact the performance of human-made structures, buildings, or infrastructure through the following aspects: i) Underground construction; ii) Innovative ground improvement methods; iii) Geological explorations and interpretation; iv) Instrumentation and field observational method; v) Use of artificial intelligence or algorithms; vi) Forensic engineering or inverse-analysis methods; vii) Geophysical methods for soil or rock characterization; viii) Advancement in laboratory and field testing of geomaterials; ix) Advancement in numerical analysis; x) Advancement in multi-disciplinary design theories, codes of practice, and engineering education
    Note: English
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9783036567211 , 9783036567204
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: The reprint provides the most relevant and state-of-the-art in the field, including recent developments in the production of natural compounds from various bioresources, and their formulations as bioactives. This reprint also covered the engineered approaches for enhanced biological properties and their potential applications. Identification of novel compounds and bioprocess tools to improve the quantity and quality of bioactive compounds and their formulations are exclusively covered in this reprint
    Note: English
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568157 , 9783036568140
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: The researchers involved in this reprint will continue their studies to improve the existent dental biomaterials in order to achieve optimal dental treatment with biocompatible, bioactive, and stable properties. As the Guest Editors, we sincerely value and thank the reviewers for their insightful comments and the support of the team at Bioengineering. Finally, we express our gratitude to all contributing authors for their valuable research. Altogether, the 16 research papers/reviews in this Special Issue entitled "Recent Advances in Biomaterials and Dental Disease" reflect the importance of in vitro and in vivo studies for improving the efficacy of using biomaterials in dental treatment
    Note: English
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9783036564777 , 9783036564784
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: Over the last 50 years, people’s lives and health have been increasingly defined and influenced across the life course and across levels of influence by different processes of medicalization and social control. Although medicalization is not a new concept, new actors, in addition to medical professionals and patients, and new phenomena, such as consumerism and human enhancement, influence the processes of the transformation of human conditions into medical problems today. This reprint integrates several articles that stimulate reflexivity on the use of the concept of medicalization. The articles selected for this reprint, written by research experts in their topic of interest, contribute to the discussion on the wide variety of ethical issues that arise from medicalization processes in areas ranging from medical research conduct to reproductive health. The reader will find a fertile space for theoretical and empirical reflection, where several social science researchers with different backgrounds share their research rigorously and innovatively
    Note: English
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568003 , 9783036568010
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (290 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: This reprint is mainly aimed at economists involved in the energy market. Energy market processes have an enormous impact on people's day-to-day economic activities. The economics of sustainability leads the way in theorizing how best to prevent environmental degradation whilst also fostering positive economic development. For these reasons, the focus of this reprint is mainly on pollution and the energy transition. Works on energy resources and future-oriented solutions that reduce the consumption of classical energy resources are explored in the reprint. Papers relating to contemporary accounting and the stock market are also presented. The geographical area of the works showcased here essentially covers the entire eastern hemisphere of the globe (Asia, Africa and Europe). They are mainly empirical studies, although in one case a bibliometric analysis is included
    Note: English
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9783036568751 , 9783036568744
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) has been reported to have a lot of physiological and pharmacological functions in various tissues, cells, and organelles in many species since discovered in the gall bladder of bovine in 1827, and its novel functions and roles have now been focused in many fields. This Special Issue consisted of eight original and two review articles contains the newest findings on the roles of taurine as an essential nutrient for development and growth in fetuses and infants, and functional maintenance in the brain, skeletal muscles, and others in adults, in mammalian, chicken, and fish
    Note: English
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565132 , 9783036565149
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), posing a new challenge to the medical care of solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Due to the relatively small number of studies in SOT recipients suffering from COVID-19, the natural course of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, optimal treatment strategies including modification of immunosuppressive therapy and the prognosis in COVID-19 in these patients is incompletely understood. The current Special Issue aimed to fill some of the knowledge gaps and highlight some recent advances in the management of SOT patients during the pandemic. The call for manuscripts had been addressed to healthcare professionals involved in SOT patient care. We welcomed comprehensive reviews, original studies, interesting case series or case reports and commentaries relating to this topic
    Note: English
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9783036565255 , 9783036565262
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint discusses advancements in forest research using Earth Observation datasets. Forests, which occupy about one-third of the terrestrial surface of Earth, play an indispensable role in monitoring global climate change and ecosystem dynamics. The health of forests has been affected in recent years by various stress factors, such as forest fragmentation and deforestation, biodiversity loss, climate change, invasive species, drought, and unsustainable management. This reprint focuses on the evaluation of different techniques for the retrieval of different biophysical/biochemical parameters using available Earth Observation data. The following topics have been covered in this reprint: Mangrove forest carbon assessment using EO data; Phenological ,etrics of plant species using NDVI time series data; fPAR for diversity relation; Forest/canopy height retrieval using Pol-InSAR modeling; Dominant species discrimination using LiDAR data; Biophysical parameters estimation of young oil palm using UAV
    Note: English
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9783036565330 , 9783036565347
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: Considering the worldwide problem of aquatic pollution, we proposed this reprint, which presents a collection of articles on different aspects of environmental pollution, from monitoring to the evaluation of toxicity. In particular, the volume concerns the issues specifically related to emerging contaminants in aquatic environments, such as plastics and pharmaceuticals. However, to confer to this volume a more holistic view, some articles on priority pollutants, such as heavy metals and pesticides, are also reported
    Note: English
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9783036566795 , 9783036566788
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: This Special Issue on MNEs, sustainability, and innovation contains a collection of 13 papers that address several subjects that are on related themes. The authors of these contributions study the boundaries of the previous literature on these relevant topics by providing insightful findings and review, as well as proposals for future research ideas in various contexts. For this Special Issue, we invited both conceptual and (qualitative and quantitative) empirical articles, as well as literature reviews and meta-analysis articles from a range of fields; these included not only business and management, but also sociology, political science, psychology, economics, and economic geography, among others
    Note: English
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565712 , 9783036565705
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (134 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: The introduction of permanent cardiac pacing in the late 1950s began the era of cardiac electrotherapy. In the 1980s, implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) were introduced. These advances created new challenges for cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). Right ventricular pacing was the primary breakthrough; however, over the years, it has become apparent that it can induce cardiac contraction dyssynchrony. Biventricular pacing allowed for the alleviation of dyssynchrony and improved the survival of patients with heart failure and bundle branch block. In recent decades, His bundle pacing has become a new strategy for physiological ventricular activation. However, the use of CIEDs carries several risks, e.g., complications related to transvenous leads. This led to the development of percutaneous lead extraction techniques as well as the introduction of a subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) and leadless pacing. Technological evolution promises an exciting future in the development of cardiac electrotherapy.In this Special Issue, readers can find out about the clinical and hemodynamic aspects of right ventricular, His bundle, and biventricular pacing; ICD therapy; treatment of complications and technological advances in cardiac electrotherapy
    Note: English
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9783036568423 , 9783036568430
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on fundamental and applied research involving the combination of biomaterials and cancer cells to develop a three-dimensional (3D) tumor microenvironment in vitro, in which carcinogenesis mechanisms can be studied and therapies can be screened. Such models are becoming quite popular within the bioengineering community; thus, many technologies are being tested to obtain the best scaffold for each tumor. In any case, only a tight interaction of bioengineers with cancer biologists and oncologists can make such 3D models progress, with them finally reaching a clinical relevance. On the other hand, the medical community is approaching simpler 3D in vitro models not provided with sufficient extracellular matrix biomimicry, such as spheroids and organoids, which may not be self-exhaustive; therefore, cancer researchers could benefit from closer contact with bioengineers. The aim of this reprint is to help generate shared knowledge and promote strong interdisciplinary collaboration with the ultimate goal of contributing to the acceleration of the discovery and validation of more precise therapies to fight cancer
    Note: English
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568676 , 9783036568669
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Zoology & animal sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue of the journal Axioms collects submissions in which the authors report their perceptions and results in the field of mathematical physics and/or physical mathematics without any preconditions of the specific research topic. The papers are intended to provide the reader with a broad window into the status of the research field showing our understanding of how a known concept changes our thinking in that area of science. The papers in the Special Issue highlight the current two issues in physics and mathematics under hot debate: fractional calculus and entropy
    Note: English
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568843 , 9783036568850
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Many cancer diagnosis and treatment modalities have been developed over time, among which radioisotopes have been widely used. Recently, with the application of magnetic nanoparticles, a wide range of non-invasive diagnosis and treatment methods using magnetic techniques have attracted attention. This Special Issue introduces a lymph node biopsy method with a magnetic probe for the treatment of cancer, rapid immunostaining using magnetic nanoparticles in pathological diagnosis, cancer imaging with MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)/MPI (magnetic particle imaging), magnetic hyperthermia for cancer treatment, and the development of magnetic nanoparticles
    Note: English
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036566689 , 9783036566696
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: The reprint provides an overview of recent applications of both chemometrics and spectrometric techniques to target current issues associated with food authenticity, traceability, as well as modern approaches on the analysis of food ingredients and products
    Note: English
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565439 , 9783036565422
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Fisheries & related industries
    Abstract: Composites can be engineered to exhibit high strength, high stiffness, and high toughness. Composite structures have increasingly been used in various engineering applications. In recent decades, most fundamentals of science have expanded in length by many orders of magnitude. Nowadays, one of the primary goals of science and technology seems to be to develop reliable methods for linking the physical phenomena that occur over multiple length scales, particularly from a nano-/microscale to a macroscale. To engineer composites for high performance and to design advanced structures, the relationship between material nano-/microstructures and their macroscopic properties must be established to accurately predict their mechanical performance and failure. Multiscale simulation is a tool that enables studying and comprehending complex systems and phenomena that would otherwise be too expensive or dangerous, or even impossible, to study by direct experimentation and, thus, to achieve this goal.This reprint assembles high-quality chapters that advance the field of the multiscale simulation of composite structures, through the application of any modern computational and/or analytical methods alone or in conjunction with experimental techniques, for damage assessment or mechanical analysis and prediction
    Note: English
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564937 , 9783036564944
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: Nowadays, Forestry has become an important field for the Environmental and Earth sciences due to its importance in global systems. While forest recreation focuses on forests as the main destination for public recreational activities, landscape protection refers to the conservation and restoration of natural beauty. Urban and peri-urban forests have become a place for the recreational activities of people living in big cities. They provide benefits to the quality of life. Landscape protection is also important, not only for scientific and ecological reasons but also for social and cultural ones. This reprint presents different contributions by the authors dealing with recent scientific research on forestry, recreational activities, landscape management, ecosystem services, etc., in different areas of the world
    Note: English
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036566320 , 9783036566337
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (286 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: This reprint is the printed edition of the Special Issue published in Materials. The reprint provides an overview on current international research activities in the field of advanced pulse laser machining technology. It covers fundamental and applied aspects and collects contributions of renowned scientists from academics and industries working in the fields of laser processing, materials science, physics, chemistry, and engineering in order to foster the current knowledge and present new ideas for future applications and new technologies
    Note: English
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561264 , 9783036566412
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (376 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on PLA-based materials and the modification of their properties for biomedical applications. Special emphasis is placed on the supramolecular strategies that lead to unique structures in the micro- or nanoscale. The development and testing of novel biomaterials as drug delivery carriers, implants, or tissue engineering scaffolds are of particular interest. Special attention is given to understanding the structure–properties relationship, since this allows for the development of the most effective biocompatible materials
    Note: English
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036520940 , 9783036520933
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Fungi-induced stains on paper are one of the most challenging forms of biodeterioration to study and to prevent; this is because they involve living organisms, and the ways in which fungi respond to changes in the environment and modifications of paper are unpredictable. Yet, there is a great desire among those who encounter fungi on documents, manuscripts, or artwork to remove fungi and clean the paper. This experience in most cases is particularly challenging. What are the reasons behind this challenge? This ground-breaking book attempts to answer this question, among others, by exploring the complex interfacial forces between paper, fungi, and their pigmented secretions which result in bio-stains on paper. Black fungi, collectively referred to as Dematiaceous fungi, were used in this study as a subset of pigment-producing fungi species. The focus is on two, under-studied aspects of the fungi infestation of paper, an interface of fungal pigments and paper, and the impact of light on the production of fungi bio-stains. The results of analytical testing included in this book elucidate the synergistic interactions between the environment, biological clocks of the microorganisms, and secretion of fungal pigments to paper. The black fungal pigment formation is explored in-depth in two scenarios: one that is ‘natural’, when the bio-stains of original artworks have occurred over time by chance, and another, induced by Aspergillus niger, in bio-simulation on known papers in a controlled environment. The findings are intended to provide guidance for preservation strategies, mitigating the biodeterioration of paper, and designing conservation treatment when applicable. The surface of artworks and artifacts is of great aesthetic and artistic importance; conversely, it plays a significant role in governing fungal attachments. In this book, the paper surface is characterized in detail and in correlation with chemical and physical alterations caused by fungal pigmentation. A broad range of analytical instruments was used for surface characterization, such as surface metrology profilometers, a confocal laser scanning microscope, and environmental scanning electron microscope; chemical microanalysis was carried out using X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy. The novel, three-dimensional characterization of pigmented fungal inclusions and their interaction with paper matrix was studied with micro-X-ray-computed micro-tomography on the synchrotron ESRF. The proposed book is the first to explore the complexity of fungal–paper interactions with the intention to assist professionals working with cultural materials, especially paper-based materials, to make informed decisions when dealing with the fungi infestation of paper
    Note: English
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561219 , 9783036561226
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is an incurable connective tissue disease with an unclear etiology characterized by vasculopathy, dysregulation of the immune response, and progressive tissue fibrosis affecting the skin, lungs, digestive tract, heart, and kidneys. The collection of six original research manuscripts and five review articles included in this book highlights the most recent advances in this field and provides further elucidation of the pathogenesis, natural disease course, and treatment of this challenging disease
    Note: English
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9783036556659 , 9783036556666
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: Consumers and stakeholders are increasingly demanding that the meat industry guarantees high-quality meat products with stable and acceptable sensory and safety properties. To do this, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms that underlie the conversion of muscle into meat, as well as the impact of pre- and post-harvest procedures on the final quality and safety of meat products. Over the last two decades, sophisticated OMICs technologies—genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, peptidomics, metabolomics and lipidomics, also known as foodomics—have been powerful approaches that extended the scope of traditional methods and have established impressive possibilities of addressing meat quality issues. Foodomics were further used to elucidate the biological basis/mechanisms of phenotypic variation in the technological and sensory quality traits of meat from different species. Overall, these techniques aimed to comprehensively study the dynamic link(s) between the genome and the quality traits of the meat that we eat compared to traditional methods, hence improving both the accuracy and sensitivity thanks to the large quantities of data that can be generated. This Special Issue focused on the cutting-edge research applications of OMICs tools to characterize or manage the quality of muscle foods. The research papers applied transcriptomics, targeted and untargeted proteomics, metabolomics, and genomics, among others, to evaluate meat quality, determine the molecular profiles of meat and meat products, discover and/or evaluate biomarkers of meat quality traits, and to characterize the safety, adulteration, and authenticity of meat and meat products
    Note: English
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036558677 , 9783036558684
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (90 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Filter-feeding in marine invertebrates is a big and important research subject, which cannot be even approximately covered by the present six articles. But although these articles deal with a limited and rather random selection of both topics and filter-feeding species, they give an update of certain aspects of important ongoing research. The articles deal with many topics, such as: filtration rates, energy budgets, growth rates, bioenergetic modeling, filter-pump design, particle-capture mechanisms, functional morphology, and hydrodynamics studied in sponges, jellyfish, mussels, and other filter-feeding marine invertebrates. This makes the Special Issue relevant for all marine biologists
    Note: English
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563336 , 9783036563329
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: This reprint collects high-quality manuscripts with a focus on food composition, with special emphasis on chemical characterization, the content of bioactive molecules, contaminants, and analytical aspects. The roles of variety, cultivation, growing conditions, and technological processes on the nutritional quality of foods have been investigated. Studies dealing with the biological activity and health benefits of bioactive food molecules have been also considered
    Note: English
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562650 , 9783036562667
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: At present, the increasing demand for novel biotechnological products is supported through the continuous development of biocatalytic applications. As a consequence, the progress of research regarding enzymatic catalysis in aqueous, non-aqueous, organic (polar or non-polar), and/or non-solvent media is decisive. Experimental design methods, which also may comprise in silico studies, the design of specific reactors and conditions, the reactions of significant chemical and/or biochemical processes that are relevant to industrial production, enzyme kinetic methods, the investigation of enzymatic mechanisms and the use of immobilized enzymes and/or microbial cells on various inert matrices, are all useful. A plethora of enzymes of several classes, which may potentially be used as biocatalysts in biotechnological applications, are available. Among these enzymes, the more common are oxidoreductases (laccase, catalase, glucose oxidase, etc.), hydrolases (amylases, lipases, proteases, amidases, cellulases, esterases, etc.), isomerases (epimerases, topoisomerases, mutases, etc.), and others. By means of the aforementioned biocatalysts and the utilization of specific biotechnological methods, important, cost-effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly processes have been applied for the synthesis and/or the conversion of a huge number of market-required products
    Note: English
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9783036565019 , 9783036565026
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Forestry & related industries
    Abstract: This reprint highlights the ecological importance of forest litter in nutrient cycling, the sequestration of soil carbon, and the formation of soil organic matter. The results presented would be of great importance for the improvement of forest services against the background of the global climate change scenario
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  • 31
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570754 , 9783036570747
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a heterogeneous group of complex diseases characterized by neuronal loss and progressive degeneration of different areas of the nervous system. NDs represent a significant health problem worldwide, with an increasing incidence rate. Although the exact pathogenesis of NDs remains unclear, a complex interaction among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors has been proposed. To date, no effective therapeutics have been developed to slow, halt, or prevent any NDs. Thus, information on the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of NDs is strongly sought after. This Special Issue collected papers discussing advances in the field of NDs
    Note: English
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  • 32
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564951 , 9783036564968
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on fungi as they are considered one of the most harmful organisms, endangering the conservation of historical and artistic heritage worldwide. Fungi are a large group of organisms occupying many ecological niches, even those considered extreme, due to their ability to cope with many environmental factors and to feed on all organic materials, even those considered toxic. For these reasons, the conservation of artefacts of historical or artistic value must consider information on fungal diversity, ecology, and the methods of controlling or limiting their destructive action. Biocides have been used for decades as the method of choice to stop or mitigate fungal spreading when preventive measures fail. Recently, more attention has been paid to alternative control methods that are more respectful of the operator and the environment. Due to the wide range of materials used throughout history, and the microclimatic conditions to which they are subjected worldwide, more efforts are needed to cover this knowledge gap and set more sustainable protocols
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  • 33
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571263 , 9783036571270
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the most recent technical innovations and developments in the area of microfluidics, particularly in relation to their biomedical applications. The advent of microfluidics has provided important insights into the fields of biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. Special attention is given to the isolation and detection of circulating tumor cells and exosomes, the generation of concentration dilutions, the rapid sensing and detection of single molecules and viruses, and the innovations in inertial microfluidics, electrical impedance, magnetic biosensors, and droplet microfluidics
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  • 34
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570204 , 9783036570211
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: This reprint describes the ability of some foods or natural substances extracted by plants to counteract some of the most common diseases at present, such as obesity, diabetes, intestinal inflammatory diseases, and neurodegeneration. It is well accepted that high-fat diets that are rich in saturated fats are involved in the onset and progression of obesity and its dangerous comorbidities. It is also well accepted that a balanced diet is useful to maintain a good health status and the choice of certain foods could help to counteract the onset of chronic diseases. Foods and natural substances rich in compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties should be paid attention. Most of these foods belong to the Mediterranean Diet, and they are famous for being rich of unsaturated fatty acids, such as the oleic acid found in extra-virgin olive oil, or the omega 3 contained in fish, vitamin D and vitamin C with their high anti-oxidant capacity, and spices and nuts that can counteract inflammatory status. These substances have also anti-obesity properties, because they are able to reduce fat mass and and restore the physiological role of fat tissue. Therefore, strict adherence to this healthy diet could be enough to prevent the onset of chronic diseases linked to fatty diets or aging. The scientific data collected in this reprint could provide new insights, allowing for readers to change their own dietary habits and make more informed food choices
    Note: English
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  • 35
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569956 , 9783036569949
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Botany & plant sciences
    Abstract: Microalgae are photosynthetic unicellular microorganisms that represent an extremely important component of the aquatic ecosystem productivity, diversity, and functioning. Moreover, these microorganisms, using a network of signals, interact with all the other organisms present in their environment. Signals are often secondary metabolites that play an important role in competition, defense, attraction, and signaling. These molecules are recognized for having bioactive properties, but some of them are still largely underexplored and underexploited. This Special Issue focuses on studies aimed to improve knowledge on microalgal ecology (diversity and dynamics) in aquatic ecosystems, as well as on their capacity to produce bioactive compounds with potential biotechnological applications
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  • 36
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036567440 , 9783036567457
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: Organic carbon (OC), nutrients and trace metals are key aquatic components of freshwater systems, including groundwater, soil water, lakes, rivers, and their estuaries. Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest regarding the rising in organic carbon and iron concentrations in freshwaters in relation to the so-called “browning” effect, caused by climate warming and changes in anthropogenic pressure. As for phosphorus, it is a vital element for all aquatic ecosystems and its aquatic biogeochemical cycle now undergoes sizable changes linked to eutrophication, invasive species development, and transformations between organic and inorganic forms. This book combines the articles dedicated to various aspects of the behavior of organic carbon, phosphorus, iron (and other related metals) in a broad range of freshwater environments, from soil solutions and groundwaters to ponds, lakes, rivers, and their riparian zones and estuaries
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  • 37
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569734 , 9783036569727
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (392 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Adaptation to external changes is necessary for all cells to survive and thrive in diverse environments. Key to these responses are the MAPK-mediated signaling pathways, intracellular communication routes that sense stimuli at the cell surface, and are ubiquitous in all eukaryotic organisms. In the case of fungi, MAPKs mediate essential processes, such as adaptation to environmental stresses, morphology regulation, or developmental processes. First studied in the early nineties in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the fungal cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway has proven to be a central MAPK-mediated signaling cascade conserved in the fungal kingdom. Cells need to sense cell wall-perturbing conditions and mount the appropriate salvage response. Understanding this CWI pathway-mediated compensatory mechanism is key for the development of cell wall-targeted antifungal therapies. Moreover, its functional roles go beyond the maintenance of this essential structure, reaching many other physiological aspects that have major implications in development or virulence.In this Special Issue, expert researchers in this relevant subject have contributed with seven reviews and eleven original articles to advance our understanding of the CWI pathway by covering different structural, regulatory, and functional aspects in distinct yeasts and filamentous fungi
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  • 38
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562018 , 9783036562025
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (104 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has made the general public aware of the breakthrough technologies which were developed in recent years for state-of-the-art biosensing, and terms such as clinical specificity and sensitivity are now widely understood. The need for reliable point-of-care diagnostic systems during the last few years has been crucial. Continuous developments in MEMS technology and microfluidics are key drivers for the miniaturization of lab-grade sensing systems. Micro-technologies and miniaturization allow for designing lightweight and small devices, other advantages include reduced consumption of power and reagents, faster response times, increased sensitivity, reduced environmental footprint, availability of batch production processes for low-cost and disposable devices. This Special Issue published seven novel contributions in the fields of biosensing, lab-on-chip, organ-on-chip and related technologies such as numerical microfluidics studies, digital micro-fluidics and micromixers
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  • 39
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576879 , 9783036576862
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: It is currently apparent that extracellular ATP's physiological effect is mediated by its interaction with specific purinergic receptors. All purinergic receptors are divided into P1-purinoreceptors and P2-purinoreceptors. Each of the subtypes is divided into a number of families. For instance, P2 receptors are divided into P2X and P2Y receptors according to the mechanism by which their effect is realized: P2Y are G-protein-coupled receptors, while P2X receptors are ligand-operated ion channels. P2X receptors are important molecular therapeutic targets, the malfunctioning of which leads to severe complications in the physiology of humans and animals and causes dangerous diseases. The search for compounds that can modulate the function of purinergic receptors can lead to the creation of new drugs that are effective in central and peripheral nervous system and immune system disease treatment, including neuroinflammation, hypoxia/ischemia, epilepsy and neuropathic pain. In this Special Issue, we wish to offer a platform for high-quality publications on the latest advances in the identification of P2X/Y- and P1-receptor blockers, functions and regulation by them; the characterization of these receptor signaling networks and crosstalk; mechanisms underlying the role of purinoceptors in neurodegenerative illnesses as well as chronic neuronal changes following acute noxious damage and therapeutic opportunities associated with regulation of purinergic receptor activity
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  • 40
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562674 , 9783036562681
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited disease that starts in utero. It is caused by a defective protein called the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and while the effects are seen throughout the body, changes in the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and liver primarily impact nutritional status. Survival and pulmonary function have been linked to nutritional status. Malnutrition and growth failure were historically the hallmark of disease. Patients with pancreatic insufficiency require pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy and fat-soluble vitamin supplements. With improvements in many areas including newborn screening, nutrition supplements, pancreatic enzymes, CFTR modulator drugs, inhaled antibiotics and mucolytics, life expectancy has increased. In this issue, we will review the latest information in children and adults regarding important factors that play a role in optimizing nutrition status, including body composition, the gut microbiome, food security, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, growth and bone health, and micronutrient abnormalities. Pediatric and adult providers both need to be aware of the nuances of care as more patients with CF become adults. Optimizing nutritional status, anticipating and preventing the complications of CF will result in best management practice
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9783036568300 , 9783036568317
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (306 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Fruit- and vegetable-based products (F&Vs) have been conventionally processed using thermal techniques such as pasteurization, scalding, and/and drying, ensuring microbial safety and/or enzyme deactivation. Although thermal treatments are the most cost-effective tools, they could also reduce bioactive compounds, nutrients, and even sensory attributes. Nowadays, non-thermal food-processing technologies such as UV light and high-pressure processing have been proposed to develop food products with extended shelf life and preserved/encouraged bioactive compounds, while preserving the sensory properties. This reprint addresses the existing knowledge gaps of novel thermal and non-thermal techniques in the production of F&Vs and their derivatives. This reprint focuses on the effect of thermal and non-thermal treatments (light stresses, high hydrostatic pressure, pulse electric fields, oscillating magnetic fields, cold plasma, ultrasound, drying, etc.) on shelf-life, key bioactive compound changes (antioxidants, nutraceuticals, flavonoids, and non-flavonoids), enzymatic antioxidant systems, and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems of fruit- and vegetable-based products. Apart from an editorial written by the guest editors, the Special Issue consists of 13 papers that cover a range of subjects: thermal and non-thermal treatments on whole fruits (n = 4); thermal and non-thermal treatments on fruit and vegetable byproducts (n = 3); and, thermal and non-thermal treatments on fruit-based beverages and purées (n = 6)
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  • 42
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569017 , 9783036569000
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The main difficulty of radiotherapy is to destroy cancer cells without depletion of healthy tissue. Stem cells and cancers are tightly interrelated. On one hand, radiosensitivity/radioressistance of cancer stem cells affects the radiocurability of tumors. On the other hand, radiosensitivity is responsible for the stem cell depletion of organs at risk exposed to irradiation. Efficient solide cancer destruction is limited by the preservation of organ homeostasis. For this reason, targeted irradiation is an effective cancer therapy, but damage inflicted to normal tissues surrounding the tumor may cause severe complications. The consequences of stem cell depletion of healthy tissue irradiated are acute and chronic radiation diseases. Research on the radiosensitivity of cancer stem cells and adult stem cells associated with tissue regeneration medicine will bring forth the solution for optimal radiocurability associated with long-term patients’ quality of life
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9783036576770 , 9783036576763
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Botany & plant sciences
    Abstract: Taxonomy, floristic studies, biosystematics, classical taxonomy, and modern taxonomic advances; phylogenomics, phylogenetics, and biogeography, including phylogeography; and the description of well-documented new taxonomic taxa, monographs, and taxonomic revisions. It incorporates data from classical morphology (including both macro and micro morphology), molecular study, anatomy and ecology, distribution, molecular evolution, evolutionary development, population biology, conservation biology, evolutionary ecology, paleobiology, and related methods and theories in recent development in systematics and floristic studies
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  • 44
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575193 , 9783036575186
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Forestry & related industries
    Abstract: Air pollution and the changing climate are some of the greatest threats to the health and functioning of forest ecosystems, strongly jeopardizing their ecological and economic functions as well as services. The impact of increasing temperatures and extreme weather events (droughts, storms, temperature and precipitation extremes) on the vitality of forest trees is often difficult to separate from the impact of pollution, such as nitrogen deposition and tropospheric ozone, as they can exhibit synergistic effects. The use of indicators is elementary in modern forest ecophysiological research, as they help us to disentangle complex interactions between trees and various stress-inducing factors as well as better estimate the level of damage to trees and forest ecosystems.Eleven papers are included in this Special Issue, with wide-ranging topics from various disciplines but centered around tree responses to environmental stress. The task of this Special Issue is twofold: one, to remind us that a better understanding of the physiological processes influencing tree vitality under the changing climate and air pollution pressures requires considerable research efforts and constant advancements in research methods and approaches; two, to highlight the fact that the environmental pressures instigating the use of tree stress response indicators are more present than ever, and will likely continue to affect tree vitality in the foreseeable future
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  • 45
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576978 , 9783036576961
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: The demand for plant proteins continues to increase due to the growing global population, rising protein deficiency, and their versatile environmental, functional, nutritional, and health benefits. Plant proteins represent a more sustainable source to (partially) supplement costly animal-based foods. Many factors can influence protein functionality and application, such as protein sources, production methods, molecular structures, chemical properties, food formulations and environment, and food processing techniques. The potential applications of plant proteins are diverse. This reprint covers diverse topics related to the characterization, chemistry, interaction, processing, modification, functionality, and/or application of various plant proteins in relation to human food
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  • 46
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572277 , 9783036572260
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (536 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue contains 28 papers covering a wide range of topics related to plant genomics and genetics. The papers utilize a variety of genomic tools and techniques to explore topics such as identification of quantitative trait loci associated with flax seed yield and oil quality, mucilage and hull content in flax seeds, and genomic prediction for pasmo resistance in flax. Other papers focus on the identification and characterization of specific genes, such as the EXO70 gene family in wheat and related species, hydroxycinnamoyl transferase in tea plants, and the WRKY transcription factor GmWRKY12 in soybeans. Several papers examine gene expression and regulation in response to abiotic stress, such as drought and salt tolerance in moso bamboo, and the response to chilling in bell peppers. Other topics include genetic diversity analysis of crested wheatgrass, genome-wide analysis of chitin-binding protein gene family in peppers, and genome-wide bioinformatics analysis of MAPK gene family in kiwifruit. Overall, this Special Issue provides a comprehensive view of the current state of plant genomics research, showcasing the diversity of approaches and tools being used to better understand and improve crop plants
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  • 47
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574110 , 9783036574103
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: Environmental issues have attracted great attention with the pursuit of a high quality of life, and the effective removal of environmental pollutants is a great challenge today. This includes two topics: one is to remove the pollutants produced post-treatment, and the other is to synthesize chemicals by a green route, avoiding producing pollutants in the process.Catalytic technology is an effective way to solve environmental problems, which can facilitate the conversion of pollutants to nontoxic or even useful chemicals. Thus, this reprint focuses on resolving the environmental problems by a catalysis technology, including photocatalysis, thermocatalysis, and electrocatalysis. Research works relating to the catalytic removal of pollutants or the catalytic synthesis of chemicals by a green route are reported
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9783036571546 , 9783036571553
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Animals & society
    Abstract: Milk and meat products originating from small ruminants contain biologically active compounds, such as high-quality proteins, vitamins, minerals and fatty acids that have been proven to have beneficial effects on human nutrition, metabolism and health. However, the raising consumer demands for safe animal products of high nutritional value has reshaped the direction of livestock production and food industry. Currently, research efforts are focused on the development of niche functional products that fortify human health and are in harmony with the concept of sustainable production, green economy, environmental protection, and proper health and welfare status of farm animals. Innovative feeding strategies are therefore evaluated that could promote ruminal function, enhance animal health and welfare status, increase production yield, improve quality of milk and meat products and prolong their shelf life by minimizing environmental burden and production costs
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  • 49
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561196 , 9783036561202
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: The prevalence of dietary supplement is increased in the world. The primary purpose of dietary supplements is the provide nutrients, such as vitamin and mineral, to maintain health. However, the functional ingredients in food, especially polyphenols, have attracted attention in recent decades, and these ingredients have beneficial effects on human health. On the other hand, a lot of ingredients with poor evidence as to their effects have also been marketed as dietary supplements, and adverse events associated with dietary supplement use have been reported. It is important to choose dietary supplements whose efficacy and safety for our health have been studied
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9783036571805 , 9783036571812
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This book focuses on advanced research topics on human lactation, such as breastfeeding experiences, milk composition and production, COVID-19 and human milk, food allergens in human milk, the human milk microbiome, and the impacts of human milk on infant growth and development. The symposium proceedings aim to add diversity, passion, and innovation to lactation research and have a positive impact on mothers, infants, and communities worldwide, showcasing integrative mother/infant-centered research
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  • 51
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572611 , 9783036572604
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: We are facing a complicated public health issue in the form of global drug shortages, including antibiotics. Synthetic biology empowers the next generation of antibiotics development, bringing us into a new era
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  • 52
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581026 , 9783036581033
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Obesity represents the most prevalent metabolic disease in the world, posing a significant public health threat. Obesity shortens life expectancy by increasing the risk of developing comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease. A better understanding of the ethiopathology of excess adiposity represents the pillar on which to base the effective management of obesity. In this sense, this reprint expands our knowledge about the wide array of drivers that can facilitate or contribute to the development of obesity. Moreover, some of the latest progress made in lifestyle, pharmacological and surgical approaches in the treatment of obesity are summarised. Novel concepts regarding the different obesity phenotypes, the use of telemedicine for the treatment of overweight and obesity, or the use of personalised avatars in the management of obesity are also reviewed. This reprint will be of interest for specialists in Endocrinology and Nutrition, but also for any individual interested in health issues related to nutrition
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9783036583488 , 9783036583495
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint represents a collection of 12 scientific papers belonging to the Special Issue in International Journal of Molecular Sciences titled “Natural and Synthetic Compounds for Management, Prevention and Treatment of Obesity, 2nd Edition". Obesity is a serious global health problem with a high incidence of mortality and morbidity. Many drivers have been identified for its etiopathogenesis, such as excessive food intake, reduced physical activity and genetic predisposition. Adipose tissue is considered an endocrine organ producing multiple immune-modulatory proteins, known as adipokines with a pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory nature. An unbalanced production of adipokines with a pro-inflammatory role in adipose tissue induces low-grade systemic inflammation in obese patients, which predisposes them to insulin resistance, type II diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer. Nowadays, there has been a growing interest in finding novel target compounds, both natural and synthetic, with potential action against obesity. This reprint explores the mechanisms underlying the etiopathogenesis of obesity and related diseases and aims to identify new therapeutic strategy. In particular, the reprint focuses on the role of natural and synthetic compounds for the Management, Prevention and Treatment of Obesity. We thank all the authors for their contribution to the research topic of this reprint and all editorial staff for its valuable support
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  • 54
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582627 , 9783036582634
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (392 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: Chondrichthyes (sharks, skates, rays, and chimaeras) represent one of the oldest and most ecologically various vertebrate lineages. These predators occupy the top of aquatic food webs and play important functional roles in the control of coastal and oceanic ecosystem structure and function; however, nowadays, overfishing and habitat degradation are altering their populations, leading to a worrisome decline in these species worldwide because of their low resilience due to their K-selected life history strategy (e.g., slow growth, late attainment of sexual maturity, long life spans, and low fecundity). Moreover, data on the stock status of this important resource still remain poor or non-existent, which is due to a problematic taxonomy (e.g., misidentification issues). In these regards, collecting information about these species is essential to formulate conservation strategies to preserve this precious marine resource. In this Special Issue, we aimed to expand the knowledge about these important predators. We have collected data from several parts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the Mediterranean Sea. The main topics presented in this Special Issue are as follows: abundance and distribution of a single species or more, genetic information using different techniques, life histories (e.g., reproduction, age, and growth), demographic analyses, information about stock assessment, aggregative behaviors, and prey discrimination
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  • 55
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573984 , 9783036573991
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: Light is an essential factor for the growth and quality of horticultural plants and its effects depend upon parameters such as duration, intensity and quality. It is an energy source for photosynthesis as well as a signal triggering plant photomorphogenesis and physiological, biochemical and molecular responses. However, solar light strongly differs between winter and summer conditions, with excess light in open field cultivations imposing severe stress on plants, especially during summer months, while supplementary light sources are implemented in greenhouse crop production to complement natural light when it is insufficient. On the other hand, artificial lighting is used as the sole lighting source in plant factories and nurseries (i.e., healing chambers, plant tissue culture). In order to enhance sustainability and profitability, light must be studied and efficiently applied within horticultural crop production. Novel technologies such as light-emitting diodes, new transparent greenhouse covering materials, photoselective nettings, growth chambers and plant factories showcase the critical role of light interacting with plants from the level of seed germination to growth rate, product quality and postharvest storage. This Special Issue focuses on recent findings in horticultural crops with regard to light characteristics (i.e., quality, quantity etc.) presented as research papers, short communications and review articles
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  • 56
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581705 , 9783036581712
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue contains 12 articles evidencing the state of the art of research on the evolution and genetics of reptiles. One of the main lines of research concerns the advancements in phylogenetic studies based on the more recent molecular methods and the developments in whole genome sequencing. Among the papers, topics related to the analysis of genome composition with special reference to the presence and evolution of repetitive DNA and the control of gene activity are of interest. Examples of the different roles played by chromosome variability in various evolutionary models are reported. Some of the papers regard certain peculiarities of reptiles, such as meiotic mechanisms in parthenogenetic species and the transition between genetic and environmental sex determination. Besides studies on chromosomes and the nuclear genome, two papers also investigate mitochondrial genome evolution. Particularly promising for future studies is the potentiality gained by the results obtained so far from research into the evolution and genetics of reptiles that has also been used for an intriguing tentative motion to reconstruct dinosaurs’ karyotypes. The papers from this Special Issue highlight that reptiles are a good model for studying the genetic and molecular basis of certain key moments in vertebrate evolution
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  • 57
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036580104 , 9783036580111
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (332 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The externalization of animals’ genetic potential is determined by a number of external factors, of which feeding plays a major role. Animals’ nourishment is one of the most important levers to ensure the efficiency of animal production due to both the high share of feed costs in the total cost of products and the influence this has on the growth, reproduction, and health of animals as well as the quality of products obtained from these. This field is one of the most dynamic in the field of husbandry sciences due to the takeover and permanent use of numerous results obtained from research on energy metabolism and nutrients related to the composition of feed and its influence on animal products. This is also due to the great advances in genetics, which create new types of animals with increasing productive potential, but also with different food requirements. This Special Issue collated innovative papers on animal nutrition, physiology, chemistry, biochemistry, genetics, reproduction, and breeding technologies. The articles covered a wide range of topics related to feed quality, the influence of food on the production level, the quality of production, and also on animals’ health
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9783036581941 , 9783036581958
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: The impressive progress in commercially available computers nowadays allows the solving of complicated mathematical problems in many scientific and technical fields. This revolution has created a surge in chemical engineering science. More sophisticated approaches to catalysis, kinetics, reactor design and simulation have been developed thanks to the powerful new calculation methods available. It is well known that many chemical reactions of great interest for industrial processes and conducted on a large scale need information ranging from thermodynamics to kinetics and transport phenomena related to mass, energy and momentum. For a reliable industrial-scale reactor design, all of this information must be employed into appropriate equations and mathematical models that allow for accurate and reliable simulations for scale-up purposes. A challenge is to collect, in a measurable volume, the main advances and trends in the field of industrial chemistry thanks to the contributions of some pioneers of scientific and technological progress. We can achieve this by reviewing their past activity in the field, or providing, through original manuscripts, examples of the modern approach to the investigation of industrial chemistry reactions
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9783036562759 , 9783036562766
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the theoretical principles and practical adoption of remote sensing approaches and datasets in understanding the nexus between urbanization, natural landscapes, urban micro-climate, climate change and Urban Heat Islands. Urbanization, characterized by natural landscape transformation, influences thermodynamics, surface energy and micro- and macro climate perturbations. These changes result in environmental deterioration that in turn adversely affects bio-physical processes and quality of urban life. A major consequence of urbanization is the Urban Heat Island (UHI). It is anticipated that the increased UHIs, in concert with the increasing anthropogenic activities, will further increase the vulnerability of urban landscapes to climate-related disasters such as floods and heatwaves. Recent advances in optical and thermal remotely sensed datasets offer great potential in understanding the relationship between urban bio-physical characteristics and UHIs. Hence, this reprint provides a basis for understanding urban ecological and thermal patterns, which is critical for the management of urban physical, ecological and social processes within a remotely sensed data framework. This reprint should be of interest to both specialists and generalists interested in, among other fields, urban planning, ecological conservation, the urban micro-climate, and climate change
    Note: English
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  • 60
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036560328 , 9783036560311
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: Antibiotic resistance represents one of the most important challenges in the world and involves humans, animals and the environment.For this reason, it is increasingly important to focus our attention on the present scenarios and the future prospects relating to this problem. The One Health approach helps us and can provide the tools to consider the problem from different points of view, also providing alternative solutions to the use of the antibiotic itself
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9783036563015 , 9783036563022
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Greenhouse cultivation provides an artificially controlled environment for the year-round production of vegetables, and has played an increasingly important role in agriculture production systems in recent decades. Recent works have shown that improving greenhouse conditions can promote the growth of vegetables and enhance the uptake of nutrients, leading to better vegetable quality. Meanwhile, greenhouse conditions not only directly influence soil nutrient cycling processes and properties, but also indirectly affect them by regulating vegetable root growth and plant–soil interactions. This Special Issue features twelve original research articles that deal with the effects of novel greenhouse practices and strategies on the yield and quality of horticulture crops, as well as greenhouse soil properties. Among these publications, three studied the effects of fertilizers, including organic and macro- and micro-nutrient fertilizers, on the growth and nutrient uptake of vegetables. Two articles described the effects of water and nutrient supply using irrigation or hydroponic supplying systems on the yield and quality of vegetables. Four articles investigated the effects of environmental conditions (mainly light and temperature) on the growth and quality of vegetables. In terms of degenerated greenhouse soil, three articles showed how reductive soil disinfestation decreased soil salinity, improved soil quality, and inactivated soil-borne pathogens
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  • 62
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564203 , 9783036564210
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: In the last two decades, nanogels have emerged as very promising and versatile biomaterials suitable for a wide range of applications. Their features, such as large surface areas, the ability to hold molecules, flexibility in their size and their water-based formulations, have earned them great recognition as drug delivery systems for various in vivo applications, confirming their potential. On the other hand, because of their tuneable and versatile characteristics, nanogels have been investigated in recent years for applications in various fields other than biomedicine. In view of this variety of possible applications of nanogels, in this Special Issue, we extend our knowledge on the topic of their possible uses described in literature, taking stock of the state-of-the-art for all possible nanogel applications and their synthesis methods
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  • 63
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561448 , 9783036561431
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (480 p.)
    Keywords: Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Fungal natural products have made important contributions to the history of human civilization. Mr. Liu Jikai has had a significant influence on the field of chemistry in fungal natural products, leading a large number of Chinese scholars engaged in related research. We would like to take this opportunity to thank Mr. Liu Jikai for his efforts on fungal natural products chemistry and hope that all colleagues will make great progress for the future
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  • 64
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562391 , 9783036562407
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Animals & society
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on applied research on growth traits, fat reserves, fatty acid profiles and enriched diets and their effects on reproduction, health status and welfare. The studies contained in the volume have been carried out in both monogastric organisms and ruminants, fish, broilers or pigeons. Fundamental studies with rats or mice are also presented. The reader will find novel research about the effects of the degree of fatness and muscularity determined by ultrasound method on sows´ reproductive performance, genetic studies on fatty acid profiles and growth traits in rabbits and Gilthead Seabream; nutritional studies addressing diets enriched with bee pollen in rats, postbiotics in male rabbits, concentrate and bypass supplementations in buffaloes; and interesting studies on the welfare assessment of meat sheep, rabbits, racing pigeons, broilers, alpacas and llamas using body condition measurements
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9783036559759 , 9783036559766
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Genetics (non-medical)
    Abstract: In this Special Issue of Genes entitled “Genetic Conditions Affecting the Skeleton: Congenital, Idiopathic Scoliosis and Arthrogryposis”, evidence is presented that suggests that congenital, idiopathic scoliosis, and arthrogryposis share similar overlapping, but also distinct, etiopathogenic mechanisms, including connective tissue and neuromuscular mechanisms. Congenital scoliosis (CS) is defined by the presence of an abnormal spinal curvature, due to an underlying vertebral bony malformation (VM). Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is defined by the presence of an abnormal structural spinal curvature of ≥10 degrees in the sagittal plane, in the absence of an underlying VM. Arthrogryposis is defined by the presence of congenital contractures in two or more joints of the appendicular skeleton. All three conditions have complex genetic causes. This Special Issue highlights the complex nature of these conditions and current concepts in our approach to better understand their genetics
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  • 66
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565651 , 9783036565644
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: This Special Issue addresses both new scientific insights and technological advances of gluten-free product development exploring alternative ingredients for the development of gluten-free products aiming to mimic the unique viscoelastic properties of gluten as a gas retention ingredient during fermentation, water binding and enabler of starch gelatinization on baking, and a bread flavor enhancer via gluten-related proteases
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  • 67
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565248 , 9783036565231
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: The emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens currently represents a serious threat to public health and the economy. Due to antibiotic treatments in humans and veterinary medicine, prophylactic use and environmental contamination, bacteria are today more frequently exposed to unnatural doses of antibiotics and their selective effect.Antibiotic resistance can be encoded on chromosomes, plasmids, or other mobile genetic elements in bacteria. It may also result from mutations that lead to changes in the affinity of antibiotics for their targets or in the ability of antibiotics to act on bacterial growth or death. Exposure of bacteria, bacterial populations, and microbial communities to antibiotics at different concentrations shapes their genomic dynamics, as does the mobilisation and spread of resistance determinants. It is, therefore, essential to understand the dynamics and mobilisation of genes encoding antibiotic resistance, in human, animal, plant, and environmental microbiomes, through genomic and metagenomic approaches and bioinformatics analyses.This Special Issue gathers research publications on the horizontal transfer of antibiotic-resistance genes, their dissemination and epidemiology, their association with bacterial virulence, between bacterial genotypes and their phenotypes, and other related research topics
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  • 68
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569499 , 9783036569482
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (374 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint presents the published papers of a Special Issue titled Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils, of the journal Antioxidants, MDPI. Obviously, essential oils are a point of huge interest, due to them being rich in bioactive substances (with their recognised antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antiviral, etc., effects) and are also used extensively in the beauty/cosmetic industry, food products, etc. Considering the global trend of "return to nature", both in eating habits/nutrition, and in the adjuvant therapies (implying essential oils) addressed in the case of numerous diseases, and taking into account the interest of the authors who submitted their papers, the current topic can be considered to be of great interest and with increased and promising potential for future research
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  • 69
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568485 , 9783036568492
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Dietary patterns are evolving, and we are increasingly aware of the contribution of food and food systems to community and planetary health. To be responsive to these changes and to promote dietary patterns that enhance the health and wellbeing of populations and protect against climate change, nutrition professionals and researchers need to monitor evolving dietary patterns and trial comprehensive, multiaction solutions. Countries are pushing back on corporate and climate change disruptions to food systems and are looking for ways to strengthen community involvement in food systems, so that healthy and environmentally friendly food choices are easier to make. To achieve this, policymakers need access to the latest evidence on evolving dietary patterns and on effective solutions, and this Special Issue on Progress in Community Nutrition: Dietary Patterns and Planetary Health provides some of this evidence
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  • 70
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036567860 , 9783036567877
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (126 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue aims to bring together the various aspects of plant cell tissue and organ culture with a special emphasis on the production of phytochemical compounds, considered therapeutically valuable for their antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Secondary metabolites play a key role in the diverse defense mechanisms of the plant organism in response to environmental stimuli, such as climatic fluctuations, pathogenic organisms, predatory herbivores, and competing plants. Therefore, by providing the opportunity for controlled modifications of environmental conditions, in vitro culture is an easy-to-manage experimental system that can be utilized as a source of secondary metabolites for industrial applications, as well as for food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical purposes. This Special Issue will highlight the modern use of different plant cell tissue and organ culture approaches for successfully producing plant secondary metabolites, particularly those with high economic value
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9783036571300 , 9783036571317
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: A major task for health professionals and health systems is effectively preventing and treating cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. This reprint offers an updated set of experimental and clinical information on the usefulness of nutraceutical products for the management of cardiometabolic diseases, which range from obesity and diabetes mellitus and their complications to hypercholesterolemia. The nutraceutical option may be used according the “beyond diet, before drug” strategy and is particularly relevant in the cardiometabolic field. The chapters of this reprint offer a deep insight into relevant issues in this nutraceutical field, such as experimental research for the preclinical identification of interesting compounds of natural origin, quality of nutraceutical products and their efficacy and safety, regulatory aspects, and the quality of evidence-based medicine
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  • 72
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569826 , 9783036569833
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint aims to provide a wide range of viable alternative designs that utilize valuable compounds from spicy and aromatic plants. Spices and aromatic plants have been used for thousands of years to flavor food, but they can also be used for healing purposes. Until a few decades ago, however, this was performed with little knowledge of their actual properties. The attitude toward these plants has changed, and the need for knowledge has increased. The studies are oriented towards an in-depth analysis of the valuable compounds in these plants in order to be used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agricultural industries
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9783036553955 , 9783036553962
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Biology, life sciences ; Development economics & emerging economies
    Abstract: This reprint includes papers from different research fields, reflecting the sectional talks presented at the 9th edition of the Scientific Conference of the Doctoral Schools from the “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, which took place in June 2021. The objective of the 2021 Conference was to bring together perspectives and challenges in doctoral research in a common forum and to provide a platform enabling doctoral researchers to meet and share state-of-the-art developments in their fields. It consists of 16 papers presented at the 9th edition of the Scientific Conference of the Doctoral Schools from the “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, in several fields such as: mechanical and industrial engineering, food science and biotechnology, electrical/electronic engineering, systems engineering and information technologies, chemistry, electrochemistry, and economic models and strategies
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  • 74
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573960 , 9783036573977
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (374 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Due to increasing concern about the use of pesticides and its potential side effects, this book considers the development and application of alternative, environmental-friendly, plant protection methods for the control of weeds, disease, and pests (predators, parasitoids, competitors, plant-plant interactions, microelements, biopesticides). Some of the main advantages of the measures presented in papers are the absence of toxicity to humans and vertebrates, beneficial organisms, and the environment, as well as the absence of pest resistance. In order to provide sustainable and eco-friendly food production, those are important subjects, both in conventional, organic and integrated agricultural farming. Through reviews and original research articles, this reprint covers all aspects of alternative measures in plant protection
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  • 75
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576138 , 9783036576121
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: This reprint aims to present research on Socio-Economic Functions Across Sustainable Farming Systems, specifically on environmental conservation agriculture/climate-smart agriculture, which boosts nature-positive production, raises the welfare of producers; agricultural biotechnology, which contributes to economic and environmental sustainability; community-based extension and marketing of farm produce, which ensures the livelihood of producers and access to safe and nutritious food; and building a society resilient to all kinds of crises and hazards/disasters.This reprint reveals: 1) Drivers and dynamics of environmental conservation agriculture, the sustainable farming systems in Japan to address climate change, biodiversity conservation, sustainable production, welfare of producers and leveraging their participation in Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems. 2) Biotech crops in the Philippines can coexist with the practice of climate resilient environmental conservation agriculture. 3) Community-based extension services, such as farmer field school, disaster management practices, such as flood adaptation strategy, and marketing strategy of farm products enhance the welfare of rural population in Bangladesh.4) Identification of socio-economic characteristics associated with farming practices, food safety, food security and their constraints in South Africa and Senegal. 5) Benefit of financing agricultural cooperatives to enhance sustainable production in Romania
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  • 76
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569086 , 9783036569093
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (480 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: In a developing world, the demands for energy, water and the damage to our environment are constantly increasing. Electrochemistry could be a great tool to solve these problems, with an impact that could minimize or at least control damage in our environment, since the main driver of the reaction is the electron that can be produced in a sustainable manner. In electrochemical approaches of energy conversion and production, drinking water production and wastewater treatment, the material synthesis and interface characterization are key components that greatly affect a system’s performance. The Special Issue “Electromaterials for Environment & Energy” proposes a set of publications that covers a range of subjects and applications related to energy, water and environmental pollution treatment, with a focus on material and interface control for process optimization
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  • 77
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574219 , 9783036574202
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: This Special Issue on "Carbon Dioxide Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS)" features invited articles on the latest technologies and developments in CCUS, including but not limited to pre-combustion carbon capture; post-combustion carbon capture; oxyfuel or chemical cycle combustion; conversion of CO2 to synthetic fuels; biomass thermal conversion; CO2 storage; BECCUS; and other abatement technologies
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9783036577371 , 9783036577364
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Transcriptional regulation is a critical biological process that allows the cell or an organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals, to define cell identity during development, to maintain it throughout its lifetime, and to coordinate cellular activity. This control involves multiple temporal and functional steps as well as innumerable molecules including transcription factors, cofactors, and chromatin regulators. It is well known that many human disorders are characterized by global transcriptional dysregulation because most of the signaling pathways ultimately target transcription machinery. Indeed, many syndromes and genetic and complex diseases—cancer, autoimmunity, neurological and developmental disorders, and metabolic and cardiovascular diseases—can be caused by mutations/alterations in regulatory sequences, transcription factors, splicing regulators, cofactors, chromatin regulators, ncRNAs, and other components of transcription apparatus. It is worth noting that advances in our understanding of molecules and mechanisms involved in the transcriptional circuitry and apparatus lead to new insights into the pathogenetic mechanisms of various human diseases and disorders. Thus, this Special Issue is focused on molecular genetics and genomics studies exploring the effects of transcriptional misregulation on human diseases
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  • 79
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576855 , 9783036576848
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The purpose of this reprint based on the Special issue "Molecules in Diabetes Melitus, Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Disease”, IJMS journal, MDPI, is to present the impact in clinical practice as well as in medical research of novel molecules that have been introduced in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9783036576190 , 9783036576183
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: The present reprint aimed to present original research articles and reviews concerning the following:Access: affordability, allocation, and preference of food;Availability: the production, distribution, and exchange of food;Circularity in food systems at local, regional, or global levels;The development, impact, and ethics of novel and data-driven technologies in food systems;Food security and policy, governance, institutions, and trade;Influencing food consumption and demand regarding the food environment;The stability and dynamics of food security aspects;Sustainable food systems and agro-ecological food production;Utilization: the nutritional value, social value, and safety of food
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  • 81
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571409 , 9783036571416
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (302 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: Mathematical modeling is at the heart of most current developments in biological system analysis and bioprocess optimization and control. At the industrial scale, this evolution is reflected in process analytical technologies (PAT), digital twins, and Industry 4.0. This book focuses on various aspects of mathematical modeling at the microscopic and macroscopic scales, respectively, and demonstrates the potential of these methodologies to gain insight into the cell metabolism, to support the design of software sensors to reconstruct unmeasurable variables, or to establish model-based optimization of the operating conditions and/or feedback control of the bioprocesses. The range of applications is vast, including biopharmaceuticals, bioenergy, and the environment
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  • 82
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573939 , 9783036573922
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (254 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The manuscripts published in this reprint provide new insights into the hypothalamic neuronal and non-neuronal pathways involved in the pathophysiology and development of obesity and related diseases such as diabetes. Via four original papers, six review manuscripts, and one perspective, this reprint will substantially contribute to the identification of novel therapeutic targets in the hypothalamus and novel approaches to combatting the progression of human obesity
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  • 83
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573618 , 9783036573601
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue, "Scientific Papers by Developmental Biologists in Japan", represents a collection of high-quality review articles, research articles, and communications on the development of multicellular organisms at the molecule, cell, tissue, organ, and whole-organism level, which were written and submitted by developmental biologists working in Japan
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  • 84
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572185 , 9783036572192
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: Abiotic stress includes not only single adversities, i.e., drought, salt, temperature, and elevated CO2, but also complex stresses, i.e., saline and alkali soil, and karst environment. Abiotic stresses strongly affect many aspects of a plant’s substance and energy metabolism. Meanwhile, abiotic stress not only affects the physiological processes of photosynthesis, water metabolism, and inorganic nutrient absorption, but it also influences the electrophysiology and other physical parameters of plants. Plant physiological information, especially online physiological information, helps us to understand the plant’s adaptive mechanism and take the effective measures to improve the production of horticultural plants. This Special Issue contains a collection of 11 important research works, which deepen the connotation and expand the denotation of plant physiology under abiotic stress. These works will provide a theoretical basis for the production of horticultural crops under single stresses, such as drought and salt stress, or under complex stresses, such as saline and alkali and karst environments. Readers from all over the globe are expected to greatly benefit from this Special Issue collection both in terms of their own work and to improve the productivity of horticultural crops under complex abiotic stresses. In the future, we hope that the field of plant (horticultural crop) physiology under abiotic stresses flourishes in terms of academic research and publications
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  • 85
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573038 , 9783036573021
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (366 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: "Molecules at Play in Cancer" is a collection of 24 research articles on recent findings about some important molecules responsible for either cancer development and proliferation, or anti-cancer therapy. It covers a wide range of tissues and organs affected by cancer: adrenal glands, blood, breasts, muscles, ovaries, prostate, stomach, and testicles
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9783036568508 , 9783036568515
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: This Special Issue collects research on and applications of the relationship between food, nutrition, and databases. The development of databases of nutrients, bioactive compounds, and metabolites are key tools for human health and public nutrition and represent resources for a wide range of applications in food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, epidemiology, and medicinal areas. The current research trends are highlighted
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  • 87
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572444 , 9783036572451
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: This reprint features the latest reviews and cutting-edge research articles on bio-based and natural polymers. It clearly demonstrates the increased interest in this field and will inspire researchers to further develop this field and thus contribute to more sustainable future societies
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  • 88
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571324 , 9783036571331
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: The effects of nutrition on chronic conditions, such as diabetes, obesity, heart disease, and stroke, continue to generate interest among researchers. This is because diet is a modifiable risk factor. The composition of diet, including the proportions and types of macronutrients and micronutrients, is a major contributor to chronic diseases. The beneficial effects of nutritional interventions on chronic conditions have been well documented, although differences remain among researchers concerning their overall impact. The evaluations of the role of nutrition in chronic conditions draw on diet’s effects on body weight, body composition, glycemic, and insulin excursions, and vascular remodeling. The effect of diet in modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis is also an evolving area of research. This reprint, entitled “Nutrition in Chronic Conditions”, aims to examine the effect of nutrition in the development, care, and management of chronic conditions. This reprint includes 11 original studies conducted in high- and middle-income countries, 3 systematic reviews with meta-analysis, and 3 literature reviews. The topics covered in the reprint include: the effects of diet on (1) insulin and glucose metabolism; (2) gut health; (3) brain and cognitive impairment; (4) infections, chronic conditions, malnutrition, and all-cause mortality; (5) obesity and dietary variables in post-menopausal women; (6) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice, specifically with the consumption of coffee; and (7) chronic conditions and COVID-19 infection
    Note: English
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  • 89
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573847 , 9783036573854
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins threaten plant and animal health and cause economic losses. This book focuses on the recent research progress into pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins in China. The molecular mechanisms of mycotoxin biosynthesis and pathogenic fungi growth and development are reported from the perspectives of transcription regulation, histone modification and enzymes, providing a theoretical basis for discovering new control targets. This Special Issue not only includes a review about the microbial degradation of mycotoxins, but also discusses several new chemical and biological methods which inhibit the biosynthesis of mycotoxin. Special attention is also given to the effect of nutrition on the production of mycotoxins. Some papers have also been collected about detection assays and the risk assessments of mycotoxins. The fundamental and applied research into mycotoxins is not only of particular interest but is also important for reducing economic losses
    Note: English
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  • 90
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581866 , 9783036581873
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (510 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Fisheries & related industries
    Abstract: Robust stress from the external environment does not only induce severe oxidative stress for aquatic animals, but also restricts the health and sustainable development of aquaculture. Oxidative stress is ubiquitous in aquatic animals, and excessive oxidative stress could induce cell and tissue damage. These phenomena manifest primarily as DNA hydroxylation, protein denaturation, lipid peroxidation and cell apoptosis. In general, endogenous and exogenous factors are the main elements that induce oxidative stress, including temperature, oxygen, life history, nutrition, food deprivation, industrial and agricultural pollutants. This Special Issue highlights and discusses the causes of oxidative stress, elucidates the underlying physiological mechanisms, and develops antioxidant resistance strategies that are of great importance for the development of aquaculture. More importantly, this Special Issue offers fresh perspectives on the expanding knowledge related to and research possibilities in the creation of antioxidant resistance in aquaculture
    Note: English
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  • 91
    ISBN: 9783036581828 , 9783036581835
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: The purpose of this Special Issue, “The Role of Nutrition in Cardiometabolic Health: Experimental, Clinical, and Community-Based Evidence”, is to publish a focused, coherent, impactful, and well-cited volume on how nutrition influences diverse cardiometabolic risk factors. Cardiometabolic diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and obesity are the leading causes of death worldwide. In recent years, dietary habits have shifted all over the globe. At the same time, a constantly growing body of evidence demonstrates the role of caloric intake and dietary composition as determinants of cardiometabolic health. A suboptimal diet predisposes to a myriad of cardiometabolic risk factors such as impaired glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure. The goal of this Special Issue is to provide rigorous evidence from novel experimental and observational studies that support the association between dietary factors and cardiometabolic risk and evaluate the diverse diet-related risk pathways
    Note: English
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  • 92
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582382 , 9783036582399
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: In the last couple of years, the awareness of climate change and high pollution levels have raised our sense of ecological responsibility. Pharmaceutical industries play a major role in these issues; as such, alternatives must be found. New environmentally friendly approaches to deal with the growing concern associated with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are also in great demand. The excessive consumption and misuse of these agents have accelerated the rise of such pathogens responsible for compromising global health—not only the health of humans, but also the health of all living systems. Considering that our natural resources are in great danger, finding green and less environmentally impactful alternatives for fighting these resistant microbials is imperative. From green chemistries, natural extracts and waste products, the sources of these alternate antimicrobial agents can be immense, and their implications are of great impact for future generations
    Note: English
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  • 93
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575582 , 9783036575599
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (402 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Botany & plant sciences
    Abstract: This reprint of the Special Issue "Advances in Plant Taxonomy and Systematics", includes an Editorial and fifteen high-quality papers published between April 2022 and April 2023 by global researchers. This collection addresses scholars and students interested in current progresses in taxonomy and systematics, which are crucial for all plant applications
    Note: English
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9783036561646 , 9783036561639
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Keywords: Technology: general issues ; Chemical engineering
    Abstract: This reprinted edition of the Special Issue entitled “Rational Design of Non-Precious Metal Oxide Catalysts by Means of Advanced Synthetic and Promotional Routes” covers some of the recent advances in relation to the fabrication and fine-tuning of metal oxide catalysts by means of advanced synthetic and/or promotional routes. It consists of fourteen high-quality papers on various aspects of catalysis, related to the rational design and fine-tuning strategies during some of the most relevant applications in heterogeneous catalysis, such as N2O decomposition, the dry reforming of methane (DRM), methane combustion and partial oxidation, and selective catalytic reduction (SCR), among others
    Note: English
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  • 95
    ISBN: 9783036565736 , 9783036565729
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Botany & plant sciences
    Abstract: Halophytes are a fascinating group of wild plants adapted to highly saline natural habitats, where most plant species and all our conventional crops would not survive. In fact, some halophytes can withstand even seawater salinity. In the current climate change scenario, increasing average temperatures and drought episodes contribute to the accelerated salinisation of irrigated cropland, especially in arid and semiarid regions, by the progressive accumulation in the soil of salts dissolved in irrigation water. This ‘secondary salinisation’ is one of the major causes of reducing crop yields worldwide. In this context, halophytes represent ideal experimental systems to investigate the mechanisms plants use to respond to high-salinity conditions. This knowledge will be essential for the genetic improvement of crop salt tolerance, which represents the most sensible strategy to address the abovementioned problem. Furthermore, halophytes could be the basis of a sustainable, ‘saline’ agriculture, after domestication and some breeding to improve agronomic characteristics. Then, they could be commercially cultivated for food, feed, fibre, or the production of biomolecules of industrial interest. Since they could be grown in saline land and irrigated with brackish water, they will not compete with our conventional crops for these limited resources, fertile land and good-quality water for irrigation. The articles included in this Special Issue address these different aspects of halophytes’ research, although most focus on basic studies on salt-tolerance mechanisms
    Note: English
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  • 96
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561981 , 9783036561974
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: Dinoflagellates are an important group of aquatic microbial eukaryotes, showing great diversity in life histories, ecological niches, morphology, and pigment composition. They include species with photosynthetic, heterotrophic, symbiotic, mixotrophic, and parasitic lifestyles, and encompass coral symbionts, harmful algal bloom forming species, and important fish parasites. They are present in fossil records that date back several hundred million years. Dinoflagellates include the majority of species that produce marine biotoxins, impacting aquaculture. In recent years, molecular approaches have been applied to understand dinoflagellate biology, including techniques for studying dinoflagellate ecology, physiology, basic genetics, and evolution. This Special Issue, edited by Professor Shauna Murray, is dedicated to the application and development of molecular approaches for enhancing our understanding of dinoflagellate biology
    Note: English
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  • 97
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565590 , 9783036565583
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites, and their biology is closely interlinked with that of their host cells. However, this relationship is two-sided. Virus–host cell interactions are clearly essential to allow viruses to facilitate their life cycles, but they also give the host cell a chance to recognize and combat virus infections. This Special Issue of Cells compiles review papers on emerging themes related to virus–host cell interactions of RNA viruses, including mechanistic details of virus uncoating, new insights into the nature and function of viral replication compartments, and the role of RNA methylation in the virus life cycle. This is complemented by primary research papers addressing virus–host cell interactions from diverse perspectives
    Note: English
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  • 98
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562728 , 9783036562711
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (320 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Diet and physical activity are two key modifiable lifestyle factors that influence health across the lifespan (prevention and management of chronic diseases and reduction of the risk of premature death through several biological mechanisms). Community-based interventions contribute to public health, as they have the potential to reach high population-level impact, through the focus on groups that share a common culture or identity in their natural living environment. While the health benefits of a balanced diet and regular physical activity are commonly studied separately, interventions that combine these two lifestyle factors have the potential to induce greater benefits in community groups rather than strategies focusing only on one or the other. Thus, this Special Issue entitled “Combined Nutrition and Exercise Interventions in Community Groups” is comprised of manuscripts that highlight this combined approach (balanced diet and regular physical activity) in community settings. The contributors to this Special Issue are well-recognized professionals in complementary fields such as education, public health, nutrition, and exercise. This Special Issue highlights the latest research regarding combined nutrition and exercise interventions among different community groups and includes research articles developed through five continents (Africa, Asia, America, Europe and Oceania), as well as reviews and systematic reviews
    Note: English
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  • 99
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036560724 , 9783036560717
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: In this Special Issue of Crystals, entitled "Crystallographic Studies of Enzymes (Volume II)", eleven research papers on key findings and methodologies of structure, function, and reaction mechanisms of enzymes are presented
    Note: English
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  • 100
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561288 , 9783036561271
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: This reprint describes the polyphenolic composition of wine and beer, with a special emphasis on extractive and analytical aspects. Furthermore, the effects of wine and beer polyphenols on human health are studied in the depth
    Note: English
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