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  • Online-Ressource  (1.282)
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : [Verlag nicht ermittelbar] ; 1.2003 -
    ISSN: 1815-199X
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.2003 -
    Schlagwort(e): Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur ; Monografische Reihe
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 20.04.2022
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD
    Sprache: Englisch
    Schlagwort(e): Panama Economic conditions ; Panama Economic policy ; Congresses ; Panama Social conditions ; Congresses ; Panama Economic policy ; Electronic books
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  • 3
    Sprache: Englisch , Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Serie: SourceOECD
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. u.d.T. Ageing and employment policies
    Vorheriger Titel: 2.2003 Hauptsacht. franz.. - 2.2003 Parallelsacht. engl.
    Schlagwort(e): OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789264775466
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als OECD PISA 2018 Ergebnisse
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  • 5
    Sprache: Englisch
    Serie: OECD/G20 base erosion and profit shifting project
    Schlagwort(e): Steuerpolitik ; Konfliktregelung ; Welt ; OECD-Staaten ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Sprache: Englisch , Französisch , Spanisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Serie: SourceOECD
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. u.d.T. International standardisation of fruit and vegetables
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Serie: SourceOECD
    Serie: Emerging economies transition
    Paralleltitel: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Examen des politiques d'investissement
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. u.d.T. OECD investment policy reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Auslandsinvestition
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Serie: SourceOECD
    Paralleltitel: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Études de l'OCDE sur l'administration électronique
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. u.d.T. OECD e-government studies
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  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Serie: SourceOECD
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. u.d.T. Enterprise policy performance assessment
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe What have countries done to support young people in the COVID-19 crisis?
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Quelles mesures ont été adoptées par les pays pour aider les jeunes face à la crise du COVID-19 ?
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Los jóvenes han sido fuertemente afectados por las amplias repercusiones sociales y el mercado laboral debido la crisis de COVID 19. El desempleo entre jóvenes se ha incrementado de forma considerable; la educación y el aprendizaje basado en el trabajo han sido altamente afectados y muchos jóvenes están sufriendo de inseguridad financiera, inestabilidad en temas de vivienda y angustia mental. Los gobiernos de la OCDE han respondido a esta situación adoptando acciones políticas integrales enfocadas a los jóvenes, que van desde apoyos al mercado laboral y al ingreso, hasta respuestas políticas en temas de vivienda y de salud mental. Este informe de políticas ofrece una revisión general de las medidas que los países han implementado para evitar los efectos negativos a largo plazo en las prospectivas de empleo y las aspiraciones de los jóvenes.
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Enhancing public trust in COVID-19 vaccination: The role of governments
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: Si bien es un logro extraordinario el rápido desarrollo de las vacunas contra el COVID 19, vacunar con éxito a la población mundial presenta muchos retos, desde la producción hasta la distribución, el despliegue y, lo que es más importante, la aceptación. La confianza en las vacunas es vital y depende en gran medida de la capacidad de los gobiernos para comunicar los beneficios de la vacunación, así como suministrar las vacunas de forma segura y eficaz. Este informe aborda el papel de los gobiernos, quienes, por medio de una comunicación efectiva, han de promover confianza en la eficacia y seguridad en las vacunas, así como la confianza en su capacidad para adquirirlas y distribuirlas de manera eficiente y equitativa. Aunque solo una pequeña minoría de la población mantiene una fuerte oposición a la vacunación, es evidente que en muchos países existen dudas acerca de la vacunación contra el COVID 19. Reconociendo que no existen precedentes para campañas de vacunación necesarias en tal magnitud, las acciones gubernamentales para ganar confianza serán esenciales para su éxito y también, para el surgimiento de sociedades más resilientes después de la crisis.
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264322264 , 9789264575981 , 9789264643772
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (75 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Kommunikation ; Bürgerbeteiligung ; Politische Kommunikation ; Gesellschaft ; Libanon ; Governance ; Lebanon ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Kurzfassung: Public communication is an essential element of government policy and crucial for transparency, integrity, accountability and stakeholder participation. This OECD Review analyses public communication in Lebanon, by reviewing the relevant governance structures and procedures across the public administration, along with the prevailing use of core competencies for this function and their application to support transparency and stakeholder participation in public life. The recommendations in this report highlight important opportunities to shift towards a more strategic approach to public communication that can better serve policy goals and help respond to citizens’ needs and expectations.
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264806054 , 9789264838543 , 9789264606135
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 236 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD reviews of digital transformation
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Digitalizācija Latvijā
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Going digital in Latvia
    Schlagwort(e): Technologiepolitik ; Digitalisierung ; Lettland ; Education ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Latvia ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Going Digital in Latvia analyses recent developments in Latvia’s digital economy, reviews policies related to digitalisation and make recommendations to increase policy coherence in this area, based on the OECD Going Digital Integrated Policy Framework. The review uses strategic foresight to explore three alternative future scenarios, which could result from the digital transformation of the global economy and society. It also examines the availability and quality of communication networks and services in Latvia as well as related policies and regulations. Further, it reviews trends in digital technology usage among individuals, businesses and the government, and examines policies to foster diffusion. Finally, the review analyses opportunities and challenges raised by digitalisation in key areas, from innovation and skills to digital security and data governance, and evaluates policy responses to these changes in Latvia.
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  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264909571 , 9789264910423 , 9789264948273
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 312 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD investment policy reviews
    Schlagwort(e): Investitionspolitik ; Thailand ; Finance and Investment ; Thailand ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Thailand has had a remarkable economic development trajectory over the past 60 years and foreign direct investment (FDI) has been pivotal in this success. Thailand was one of the first movers in opening up to manufacturing FDI and in establishing proactive investment promotion and facilitation policies. While challenges remain in some areas of responsible business conduct, there is strong political will to address them. Thailand aspires to become a high income economy by 2037 by upgrading to a value based green economy. Inward FDI will play a prominent role in achieving this goal but this requires a concerted effort to reform the investment climate to remain an attractive host to foreign investment and to benefit to the full extent from that investment. While the COVID-19 crisis might temporarily delay progress, the policy recommendations in this review draw attention to potential reform priorities to help Thailand fulfil its development ambitions aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals and to contribute to a more inclusive and sustainable recovery from the pandemic.
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  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264490031 , 9789264535565 , 9789264885837
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 179 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Schlagwort(e): Inklusives Wachstum ; Erfolgsfaktor ; Südkorea ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Korea, Republic of ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: In recent years Korea has stepped up efforts to reduce inequalities in recognition that a fairer economic model is also the most sustainable one. In order to support this new policy direction, the OECD has carried out novel analysis of inclusive growth building on its Framework for Policy Action, developed by the OECD to improve the prospects of the groups left behind. The Inclusive Growth Review of Korea applies, for the first time, the Framework at the national level. Using a dashboard of indicators, the Framework presents policy recommendations to sustain and more equitably share the gains of economic growth by investing in people left behind, supporting business dynamism and inclusive labour markets, and building efficient and responsive governments. In addition, the Inclusive Growth Review of Korea finds that digitalisation risks to compound the disparities of Korean labour markets, and calls for renewed efforts to reduce the lack of opportunities for up- and re-skilling of the working-age population (Chapter 2). To improve the business environment, Korea should address the unbalanced growth across sectors and firm size and unequal distribution of productivity gains across population groups (Chapter 3).
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  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264461642 , 9789264751477 , 9789264742123
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 146 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: Getting skills right
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Creating responsive adult learning opportunities in Japan
    Schlagwort(e): Weiterbildung ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Qualifikation ; Japan ; Education ; Employment ; Japan ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The COVID-19 crisis has reiterated the importance of adult learning and career guidance services as many adults have lost their jobs and now require upskilling and reskilling opportunities in order to keep pace with the rapidly evolving world of work. To foster the development of responsive and more widespread adult learning opportunities in Japan, this report analyses several policy options to expand access to training, remove the barriers to training participation, and ensure that the training provided is aligned with Japan’s labour market needs. It also discusses the importance for Japanese workers of receiving guidance and support from their employer to facilitate career progression and the need for externally provided guidance services for workers who want to change jobs. Based on this analysis, this report provides actionable policy recommendations as well as good practice examples from OECD countries.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264995154
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 77 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD/G20 base erosion and profit shifting project
    Schlagwort(e): Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Vereinigte Arabische Emirate ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; United Arab Emirates ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' Stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the Stage 1 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by the United Arab Emirates.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789264465879
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD/G20 base erosion and profit shifting project
    Schlagwort(e): Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Barbados ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Barbados ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' Stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the Stage 1 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Barbados.
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789264357730
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD/G20 base erosion and profit shifting project
    Schlagwort(e): Doppelbesteuerung ; Konfliktregelung ; Befragung ; Gibraltar ; Taxation ; Gibraltar ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' Stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the Stage 1 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Gibraltar.
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  • 20
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development | Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264974869
    Sprache: Englisch , Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (77 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: International standards for fruit and vegetables
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food
    Kurzfassung: This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It comprises explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the current standard for Lettuces, Curled-leaved Endives and Broad-leaved (Batavian) Endives. It demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. Thus it is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade in these products. This brochure is available in electronic format only.
    Anmerkung: Text englisch und französisch
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  • 21
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development | Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264588431
    Sprache: Englisch , Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (104 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: International standards for fruit and vegetables
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food
    Kurzfassung: This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It comprises explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the current apples standard. It demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. Thus it is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade in apples. This brochure is available in electronic format only.
    Anmerkung: Text englisch und französisch
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  • 22
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris, France : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development | Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264366602
    Sprache: Englisch , Französisch , Spanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (89 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: International standards for fruit and vegetables
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food
    Kurzfassung: This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It comprises explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the current pears standard. It demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. Thus it is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade in pears. This brochure is available in electronic format only.
    Anmerkung: Text englisch und französisch
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  • 23
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264433076 , 9789264374560 , 9789264873148
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 157 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Schlagwort(e): Rentenfinanzierung ; Geschlechterdiskriminierung ; Rentenpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Graue Literatur ; Fallstudie
    Kurzfassung: Labour market inequalities are well-known to be the main drivers of the gender pension gap. This publication focuses on helping governments find solutions for retirement savings arrangements that do not further exacerbate these inequalities. This study first analyses why the gender pension gap exists and sheds light on some of the behavioural and cultural factors that contribute to these inequalities. Country case studies assess how demographics, labour markets and other factors may affect gaps in pension coverage, assets and entitlements. The study then explores how the design of retirement savings plans affects men and women differently. Finally, it provides policy options to improve retirement savings outcomes for women and to help close the gender pension gap.
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  • 24
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264876484 , 9789264371026 , 9789264417663
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 135 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Schlagwort(e): Wasserpolitik ; Wasserversorgung ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The Toolkit for Water Policies and Governance compiles policies, governance arrangements and related tools that facilitate the design and implementation of water management practices in line with the OECD Council Recommendation on Water. It is designed to inspire and support countries which have either adhered to, are considering adhering to, or aim to converge towards the OECD standard. The Recommendation was unanimously adopted by the OECD Council in December 2016. The adoption marked the outcome of a two-year consultation process with delegates from ministries active in the fields of agriculture, development assistance, environment, public governance, regional development, and regulatory policy, as well as with relevant stakeholders (the business sector, trade unions, environmental organisations) and the OECD Water Governance Initiative. The Recommendation puts forward an international standard with high-level policy guidance on a range of topics relevant for the management of water resources and delivery of water services. The areas covered include managing water quantity, water risks and disasters, improving water quality, ensuring good water governance as well as sustainable finance, investment and pricing for water services. The practices reported in the toolkit have been compiled by the OECD Secretariat, in close consultation with delegates from adhering countries. Regular updates will be made available.
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  • 25
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264415133 , 9789264667068 , 9789264388758
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 190 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Schlagwort(e): Klimaschutz ; Klimawandel ; Internationale Umweltpolitik ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsländer ; Environment ; Development ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This guidance provides a tool governments and development co-operation can draw on in their efforts to strengthen the resilience of human and natural systems to the impacts of climate change. It highlights three aspirations to consider when planning and implementing action to build climate resilience (country ownership; inclusiveness; and environmental and social sustainability). The guidance also outlines four mechanisms (governance; sector-level approaches; finance; and monitoring, evaluation and learning) and three enablers (data and information; capacity; and technologies) in support of climate resilience, proposing concrete actions in the form of checklists.
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  • 26
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264330276 , 9789264327825 , 9789264439856
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 140 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD studies on water
    Schlagwort(e): Wasserpolitik ; Wasserversorgung ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Kapstadt ; Südafrika ; Environment ; South Africa ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: In 2018, the city of Cape Town, South Africa, was close to the “Day Zero”, requiring all taps to be shut off and citizens to fetch a daily 25 litre per person. Though the day-zero was avoided, it is estimated that, at the current rate, South Africa will experience a 17% water deficit by 2030 if no action is taken to respond to existing trends. Lessons learned during that drought crisis have been valuable for the city to manage the short-term COVID-19 implications and design long-term solutions towards greater water resilience. As a result of a multi-stakeholder policy dialogue involving 100+ stakeholders from the city of Cape Town and South Africa, this report assesses key water risks and governance challenges in Cape Town, and provides policy recommendations towards more effective, efficient and inclusive water management building on the OECD Principles on Water Governance. In particular, the report calls for strengthening integrated basin governance, transparency, integrity, stakeholder engagement, capacities at all levels of government, financial sustainability and for advancing the water allocation reform to better manage trade-offs across multiple users.
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  • 27
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264573871 , 9789264595279 , 9789264763906
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 100 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: Illicit trade
    Schlagwort(e): Produktpiraterie ; Immaterialgüterrechte ; Schweiz ; Governance ; Trade ; Switzerland ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: The Swiss economy is innovative and knowledge-intensive. Consequently, it relies heavily on intellectual property rights. Swiss industries are also export-oriented and solidly integrated in the global economy. At the same time, the threats of counterfeiting and piracy are growing, and Swiss industries are vulnerable. This report measures the direct economic effects of counterfeiting on Swiss industry and the Swiss government. It estimates the impact of the global trade in fake products that pose as “Swiss made” in terms of lost jobs, forgone profits and lower tax revenues.
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  • 28
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264473041 , 9789264951907 , 9789264949584
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 253 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Schlagwort(e): Investitionspolitik ; Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionsrecht ; MENA-Staaten ; Mittlerer Osten ; Nordafrika ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Algeria ; Egypt ; Jordan ; Lebanon ; Libya ; Morocco ; Palestinian Authority ; Tunisia ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Middle East and North Africa Investment Policy Perspectives highlights the considerable progress in investment policies made by the region’s governments over the past decade. Yet, the reform momentum needs to be sustained and deepened for the benefits of investment to be shared with society at large and for growth to be sustainable, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting global economic upheaval. The publication takes stock of investment policy trends and reforms in Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, the Palestinian Authority, and Tunisia, and draws out common challenges, offering suggestions of reform priorities. It considers several dimensions of the policy framework that affect the investment climate and places strong emphasis on how foreign investment can help economies of the region improve their citizens’ lives. The publication serves as reference point, informing policymakers on specific areas as they continue work on leveraging investment to advance inclusive and sustainable growth.
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  • 29
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (48 p.)
    Serie: OECD Development Policy Papers no.37
    Schlagwort(e): Development
    Kurzfassung: This paper explores the health financing challenges that countries face when they transition from low-income towards middle-income level and beyond. While domestic actors bear an increasing share of the national health expenditure in this process, the transition is not automatic nor necessarily smooth. The challenges that emerge in the process are recently exacerbated by the COVID-19 crisis, which risks diverting resources away from basic health services. The role of development actors during this stage can be critical in setting up sustainable systems of health financing in those countries. The paper starts with a review of the progress on the global health agenda by taking stock of past achievements and remaining challenges. Then, it explores how the health financing landscape transitions with the income level of a country, tracing how this can give rise to transition setbacks. Finally, the paper zooms in on the role of development finance and how it can be reshaped to better facilitate the transition process of countries.
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  • 30
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Schlagwort(e): Coronavirus ; Online-Handel ; Digitale Plattform ; Wirkungsanalyse ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: This policy brief reports on the activity of online platforms during the COVID-19 crisis. Google Trends data for OECD and other G20 countries indicate that in some areas (such as retail sales, restaurant delivery, and mobile payments) online-platform use increased markedly during the first half of 2020, when most countries imposed lockdown and physical distancing measures. Thus, in this period, some economic transactions may have shifted to online marketplaces as people and businesses increasingly turned to online platforms to pursue economic and social activities. The rise in platform use was however highly heterogeneous across areas of activity and countries. Countries with higher levels of economic and technological development, easier access to infrastructure and connectivity, better digital skills, and wider Internet use tended to experience a larger increase in the use of online marketplaces, possibly mitigating the negative effects on output and jobs of the COVID-19 shock. This highlights the role of policies in strengthening countries’ digital preparedness and their resilience to future shocks.
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  • 31
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (13 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Schlagwort(e): Coronavirus ; Öffentliche Sozialleistungen ; Subvention ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: One year after the outbreak of the COVID‑19 crisis, the future looks certainly brighter but it is not yet time to withdraw policy support for people and companies. Even if the headline labour market figures in many countries look better than in Q2 2020, millions of workers are still on job retention schemes and millions of others are unemployed or underemployed. In the coming months, while countries prepare for the implementation of their recovery plans, it is essential to continue supporting families and companies still deeply affected by the crisis, while providing the right incentives for job creation and resuming work. Without these measures, the recovery would start from an even worse economic and social starting point. The short-term costs are high but they are much lower than the costs of mass bankruptcies, layoffs and a depressed economy and labour market. Furthermore, the short-term costs can be reduced by enhancing the targeting of support to the most vulnerable sectors, companies and households, while fostering start-ups and job creation.
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  • 32
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Renforcer la première ligne : Comment les soins primaires aident les systèmes de santé à s’adapter à la pandémie de COVID-19
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Health systems continue to adapt to cope with the COVID‑19 pandemic. Much focus has been placed on the scaling-up of hospital capacities. However, the pandemic is also deeply affecting the health of many people who are not infected by the virus. People living with chronic conditions are not only highly vulnerable to complications and death from COVID‑19, but they are also suffering from disruptions to their regular care routines. The COVID‑19 crisis demonstrates the importance of placing primary health care at the core of health systems, both to manage an unexpected surge of demand and to maintain continuity of care for all. Strong primary health care – organised in multi-disciplinary teams and with innovative roles for health professionals, integrated with community health services, equipped with digital technology, and working with well-designed incentives – helps deliver a successful health system response. The innovations introduced in response to the pandemic need to be maintained to make health systems more resilient against future public health emergencies, and able to meet the challenges of ageing societies and the growing burden of chronic conditions.
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  • 33
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (67 p.)
    Serie: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers no.152
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food
    Kurzfassung: Countries are increasingly using digital technologies within their Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) systems and the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic are accelerating this evolution. While countries are increasing their use of digital tools, digital technologies still have significant potential to create efficiencies in SPS systems and enhance agro-food trade. Quantitative analysis using structural gravity model estimates show that digital technologies such as SPS electronic certificates have positive effects on trade volumes, notably for plant-based, vegetables and processed food products. Despite these gains, significant challenges remain in expanding the use of digital technologies in agro-food trade, including mixed capacities to adopt these technologies. Successful expansion of the use of digital technologies requires careful planning and long-term investments, as well as sharing expertise and building trust in these tools. Targeted financial assistance and capacity building can provide support to countries currently lacking the capabilities to adopt these tools.
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  • 34
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Serie: L'enseignement à la loupe no.35
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Teachers’ training and use of information and communications technology in the face of the COVID-19 crisis
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: La pandémie de COVID-19 a provoqué l’un des plus grands bouleversements qu’ait connu le monde de l’éducation ces dernières années. Dans un souci de freiner la propagation du virus et de garantir le droit à l’éducation, un grand nombre de gouvernements ont pris la décision de passer sans délai d’un enseignement traditionnel en présentiel à une forme ou une autre d’apprentissage à distance. Pour assurer la continuité pédagogique durant la fermeture des établissements d’enseignement, de nombreux enseignants dans le monde entier ont ainsi dû mettre leurs cours en ligne. Certains éléments semblent indiquer l’évolution des systèmes d’éducation vers une « nouvelle donne », où l’enseignement traditionnel en présentiel sera complété par une forme ou une autre d’apprentissage à distance. Bien que collectées avant la pandémie de COVID-19, les données de l’Enquête internationale de l’OCDE sur l’enseignement et l’apprentissage (TALIS 2018) fournissent de précieuses informations pour comprendre pourquoi certains enseignants sont plus enclins que d’autres à laisser leurs élèves utiliser les TIC pour des projets ou des travaux en classe, et pour explorer les facteurs sous-tendant la participation des enseignants aux activités de développement professionnel couvrant l’utilisation des TIC à l’appui de l’enseignement.
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  • 35
    ISBN: 9789264364882 , 9789264916173 , 9789264948846
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (300 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Africa’s Development Dynamics 2021: Digital Transformation for Quality Jobs
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Taxation ; Development ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: Dynamiques du développement en Afrique tire les leçons des expériences des cinq régions du continent – Afrique australe, centrale, de l'Est, du Nord et de l'Ouest – pour développer des recommandations en matière de politiques publiques et partager les bonnes pratiques. Étayé par les plus récentes statistiques, son décryptage des dynamiques de développement vise à permettre aux leaders africains de réaliser la vision stratégique de l’Agenda 2063 à tous les niveaux : continental, régional, national et local. L'édition 2021, dorénavant publiée en début d’année, explore le potentiel de la transformation digitale pour créer des emplois de qualité et réaliser l'Agenda 2063, en vue de renforcer la résilience des économies africaines face à la récession mondiale déclenchée par la pandémie de COVID-19. Le rapport cible quatre types d’action publique pour soutenir la transformation digitale de l'Afrique : réduire la fracture digitale ; soutenir l'innovation locale ; dynamiser les travailleurs indépendants ; et accélérer l'harmonisation, la mise en œuvre et le suivi des stratégies digitales. Cette édition comprend un nouveau chapitre examinant les perspectives de financement du développement de l'Afrique face à la crise économique mondiale de 2020. Dynamiques du développement en Afrique a pour vocation de nourrir le débat entre les membres de l’Union africaine, ainsi qu’avec les citoyens, entrepreneurs et chercheurs. Son ambition est de participer à une nouvelle coopération entre pays et entre régions, qui soit tournée vers l’apprentissage mutuel et la préservation de nos biens communs. Ce rapport est le fruit de la coopération entre la Commission de l’Union africaine et le Centre de développement de l’OCDE.
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789264595163
    Sprache: Arabisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-FAO Guidance for Responsible Agricultural Supply Chains (Chinese version)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Guide OCDE-FAO pour des filières agricoles responsables
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Руководство ОЭСР-ФАО по ответственным производственно-сбытовым цепочкам в сфере сельского хозяйства
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Guía OCDE-FAO para las cadenas de suministro responsable en el sector agrícola
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD/FAO-Leitfaden für verantwortungsvolle landwirtschaftliche Lieferketten
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-FAO Guidance for Responsible Agricultural Supply Chains
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Governance
    Kurzfassung: أعدّت منظمة التعاون والتنمية في الميدان الاقتصادي ومنظمة الأغذية والزراعة هذه التوجيهات لمساعدة الشركات على الوفاء بمعايير السلوك الرشيد في الأعمال التجارية وتوخي العناية الواجبة على طول سلسلة الإمدادات الزراعية لضمان مساهمة عملياتها في التنمية المستدامة. وتشمل التوجيهات ما يلي: سياسة نموذجية للشركات تتضمن المواصفات التي يجدر بالشركات التقيد بها من أجل إرساء سلاسل إمداد مسؤولة للمنتجات الزراعية؛ وإطار للعناية الواجبة المستندة إلى المخاطر يتضمن وصفًا للخطوات الخمس التي يجب أن تتبعها الشركات لتحديد التأثيرات السلبية لأنشطتها وتقييمها والتخفيف من وطأتها والبحث في سبل معالجتها؛ ووصف المخاطر الرئيسية التي تواجهها الشركات والتدابير الرامية إلى التخفيف من وطأتها؛ وتوجيهات للتعاون مع الشعوب الأصلية.
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9789264356108 , 9789264579729 , 9789264950986
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (319 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Prévention de l’utilisation abusive des conventions fiscales – Troisième rapport d’examen par les pairs sur le chalandage fiscal : Le Cadre Inclusif sur le BEPS : Action 6
    Schlagwort(e): Besteuerungsverfahren ; Doppelbesteuerung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Steuervermeidung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation
    Kurzfassung: The BEPS Action 6 minimum standard on preventing the granting of treaty benefits in inappropriate circumstances, is one of the four BEPS minimum standards that all members of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS (Inclusive Framework) have committed to implement. This report reflects the outcome of the third peer review of the implementation of the Action 6 minimum standard on treaty shopping as approved by the Inclusive Framework. It includes the aggregate results of the review and data on tax treaties concluded by each of the 137 members of the Inclusive Framework on 30 June 2020 and it contains the jurisdictional section for each member. The data compiled for this peer review demonstrate that the MLI has been the tool used by the vast majority of jurisdictions that have begun to implement the minimum standard and that the MLI has started to impact tax treaties of jurisdictions that have ratified it.
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789264738089 , 9789264635883 , 9789264349803
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (165 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Toolkit for Water Policies and Governance: Converging Towards the OECD Council Recommendation on Water
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development
    Kurzfassung: La boîte à outils recense des politiques, des modes de gouvernance et des instruments qui facilitent la conception et la mise en œuvre d’une gestion de l’eau en phase avec la Recommandation du Conseil de l’OCDE sur l’eau. Elle a été conçue pour inspirer et encourager les pays qui ont adhéré, souhaitent adhérer ou veulent converger vers le standard de l’OCDE. La Recommandation a été adoptée à l’unanimité du Conseil de l’OCDE en décembre 2016. Cette adoption fut le résultat d’une consultation qui a duré deux ans, avec les délégués des ministères en charge de l’agriculture, de l’aide au développement, de l’environnement, de la gouvernance publique, du développement régional et des politiques de régulation. Les parties prenantes (entreprises, syndicats de salariés et association environnementale) ont également été consultées, ainsi que les membres de l’initiative de l’OCDE sur la gouvernance de l’eau. La Recommandation propose un standard international qui offre des orientations pratiques de haut niveau sur un ensemble de sujets pertinents pour la gestion de la ressource et les services liés à l’eau. Ces sujets comprennent la gestion de la quantité, les risques et catastrophes liés à l’eau, l’amélioration de la qualité, la gouvernance de l’eau, ainsi qu’un financement durable, l’investissement et la tarification des services liés à l’eau. Les pratiques qui figurent dans la boite à outils ont été compilées par le Secrétariat de l’OCDE, en concertation étroite avec les pays qui ont adhéré à la Recommandation. Elles seront régulièrement mises à jour.
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  • 39
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264314061 , 9789264910331 , 9789264803039
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (17 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Les outils de l'OCDE pour le développement
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Guiding Principles for Durable Extractive Contracts
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Finance and Investment ; Development
    Kurzfassung: Les Principes directeurs pour des contrats extractifs durables indiquent comment développer des projets extractifs reflétant l'équilibre des risques et bénéfices, tout en tenant compte dès le départ des intérêts et des préoccupations des communautés locales. Ils apportent un cadre au contenu et à la négociation des contrats extractifs, permettant de réduire les risques de litiges et les demandes de renégociation, et de s’adapter de manière prévisible aux conditions qui prévalent sur les marchés. Les Principes directeurs donnent aux gouvernements des pays hôtes et aux investisseurs les clés pour expliquer au public le contenu des contrats, et ainsi gérer les tensions entre les parties prenantes. Ils incluent huit principes et des commentaires que gouvernements hôtes, investisseurs, fournisseurs d’assistance technique et praticiens du droit peuvent utiliser comme référence commune pour la future négociation de contrats pérennes et mutuellement avantageux.
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  • 40
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264576902
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Investment Policy Reviews: Indonesia 2020
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Indonesia
    Kurzfassung: Berdasarkan pencapaian sejak Kajian Kebijakan Investasi OECD Indonesia pertama satu dekade lalu, Kajian Kedua ini menyajikan penilaian iklim investasi di Indonesia untuk mendukung pemerintah dalam upaya reformasi yang sedang berlangsung. Kajian Ini mengidentifikasi tantangan dan peluang, serta rekomendasi untuk meningkatkan daya saing, mendukung pertumbuhan, dan memastikan hasil investasi dirasakan secara merata dan berkelanjutan terhadap lingkungan. Kajian ini sangat menekankan pada langkah-langkah untuk membangun iklim investasi yang sehat, transparan, dan bertanggung jawab guna mendukung pemulihan ekonomi yang tangguh selepas pandemi COVID-19.
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  • 41
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264504622
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (194 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Schlagwort(e): Regionale Wirtschaftsintegration ; Integration ; EU-Staaten ; Mittelmeerraum ; Internationale Politik ; Mittelmeerpolitik ; Integration ; Wirtschaftliche Integration ; Fortschrittsbericht ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Transport ; Trade ; Mittelmeerraum ; Naher Osten ; Mittlerer Osten ; Nordafrika
    Kurzfassung: Regional Integration in the Union for the Mediterranean: Progress Report monitors major trends and evolutions of integration in the Euro-Mediterranean region. The Report examines five domains of regional integration, namely trade integration, financial integration, infrastructure integration, movement of people, as well as research and higher education. It presents an original analysis of the patterns and challenges of integration in the Euro-Mediterranean region, which highlights the interdependence of the areas examined – e.g. how to increase regional trade without affordable transport connectivity? The Report offers new insights, based on specific quantitative and qualitative performance indicators that are monitored over time. Almost 100 graphs and tables in the report cover data for the 42 member countries of the Union for the Mediterranean and, when relevant, for partners of the region. The Report includes key takeaways and policy recommendations on how to foster regional integration in each of the five domains.
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9789264946064
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (203 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD Skills Studies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als The assessment frameworks for cycle 2 of the programme for the international assessment of adult competencies
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: The OECD’s Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) represents a comprehensive international comparative assessment of the information processing skills of adults vital for the full participation in social and economic life in the 21st century. PIAAC is now in its second cycle and continues a series of international assessments of adult skills that began in the mid-1990s with the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS). The Assessment Frameworks for Cycle 2 of PIAAC provide an essential background for understanding the skills assessed by the PIAAC assessment and for interpreting the results of the study. The Assessment Frameworks define and describe the skills assessed in the study – literacy, numeracy and problem solving – and outline the key features of the assessment of these skills. In addition, the relationship between Cycle 2 of PIAAC and previous assessments of these skills among the adult population is explained and an overview is provided of the changes that have occurred in the conceptualisation of these skills in the different international assessments of adult skills implemented over the last two decades.
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  • 43
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264328440 , 9789264835603 , 9789264683204
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (179 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: Getting Skills Right
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Continuing education and training in Germany
    Schlagwort(e): Berufsbildung ; Weiterbildung ; Deutschland ; Education ; Employment ; Germany
    Kurzfassung: Germany has a strong skill development system. The country’s 15‑year‑old students performed above the OECD average in the last (2018) edition of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), continuing a trend of significant improvement since PISA’s first edition in 2000. Its adult population also has above‑average literacy and numeracy skills, according to the OECD Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC). A strong and well-respected vocational education and training system is seen as one of the success factors behind these achievements. However, participation in learning beyond initial education lags behind other high-performing OECD countries and varies considerably across different groups of the population. This is problematic in a rapidly changing labour market, where participation in continuing education and training is a precondition for individuals, enterprises and economies to harness the benefits of these changes. This report assesses the current state of the German continuing education and training (CET) system. It examines how effectively and efficiently the system prepares people and enterprises for the changes occurring in the world of work, and identifies what changes are necessary to make the CET system more future ready. The report makes recommendations for the further development of the CET system based on international good practice.
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  • 44
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264534339
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (215 Seiten)
    Serie: OECD Skills Studies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD Skills Strategy Tlaxcala (Mexico)
    Schlagwort(e): Bildungspolitik ; Qualifikation ; Weiterbildung ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Tlaxcala (Staat) ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Mexico ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Fostering greater participation in adult learning in Tlaxcala, Mexico -- Strengthening the skills of youth in Tlaxcala, Mexico -- Strengthening the governance of the skills system in Tlaxcala, Mexico -- Key insights and recommendations for Tlaxcala, Mexico -- Engagement -- Foreword -- Using people's skills more effectively to raise productivity in Tlaxcala, Mexico -- Acronyms and abbreviations -- Executive summary.
    Kurzfassung: Skills are the key to shaping a better future, and central to the capacity of countries and people to thrive in an increasingly interconnected and rapidly changing world. Megatrends such as globalisation, technological advances and demographic change, compounded by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, are reshaping work and society, as well as the types of skills most in demand in the labour market. OECD Skills Strategy projects provide a strategic and comprehensive approach to assess countries' skills challenges and opportunities and help them build more effective skills systems. The OECD works collaboratively with countries to develop policy responses tailored to each country's specific skills needs. The foundation of this approach is the OECD Skills Strategy Framework, which allows for an exploration of what countries can do better to: 1) develop relevant skills over the life course; 2) use skills effectively in work and in society; and 3) strengthen the governance of the skills system. This report, OECD Skills Strategy Tlaxcala (Mexico): Assessment and Recommendations, identifies opportunities and makes recommendations to strengthen the skills of youth, foster greater participation in adult learning, use people's skills more effectively to raise productivity, and strengthen the governance of the skills system in the state of Tlaxcala, Mexico
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  • 45
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264831278 , 9789264540316 , 9789264888654
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (168 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Serie: Starting strong 6
    Serie: Starting Strong
    Serie: Starting strong
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Starting strong ; 6: Supporting meaningful interactions in early childhood education and care
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Australia ; Canada ; Ireland ; Japan ; Luxembourg ; Switzerland
    Kurzfassung: Children’s learning, development and well-being are directly influenced by their daily interactions with other children, adults, their families and the environment. This interactive process is known as “process quality”, and leads to a key question - which policies set the best conditions for children to experience high-quality interactions in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings? This report discusses five main policy levers and their effect on process quality, focusing particularly on curriculum and pedagogy, and workforce development. It presents indicators covering 26 countries and jurisdictions, 56 different curriculum frameworks, and more than 120 different types of ECEC settings.
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  • 46
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)ワクチンの供給:世界的危機へのグローバルなアプローチ
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe L’accès aux vaccins anti-COVID-19 dans un monde en crise : état des lieux et stratégies
    Schlagwort(e): Coronavirus ; Impfung ; Globalisierung ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Welt ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Following the extraordinarily rapid development of COVID‑19 vaccines, immunisation is underway in many OECD countries. However, demand will continue to outstrip supply for some time and currently, distribution is strongly skewed in favour of high-income countries. This both inequitable and inefficient. Directing vaccine to where need is greatest would maximise the number of lives saved and speed bringing the pandemic under control, by slowing transmission and reducing the likelihood of the emergence of viral variants of concern. Governments should therefore act now to accelerate vaccination globally, regardless of international borders, by reallocating supplies to areas of greatest need; continuing the scaling-up of production; ensuring that necessary logistics and health care infrastructure are in place; providing further financial and in-kind support to COVAX; and developing long-term strategies that include commitments to making vaccines available where they are needed most, including through sharing intellectual property and facilitating technology transfer.
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  • 47
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p.)
    Serie: OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers no.166
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food
    Kurzfassung: The COVID-19 pandemic placed unprecedented short-term stresses on food supply chains around the world. However, rapid responses by both private-sector actors and policy makers mostly managed to prevent severe disruptions. Yet, even before the outbreak of COVID-19, food systems were faced with a formidable “triple challenge” of simultaneously providing food security and nutrition to a growing global population, ensuring the livelihoods of millions of people working along the food chain from farm to fork, and ensuring the environmental sustainability of the sector. This paper discusses the stresses COVID-19 created in food supply chains and the remarkable resilience these supply chains have demonstrated in high-income countries, as well as specific impacts in the fisheries and aquaculture sectors and the importance of transparency in avoiding a COVID-19 induced food crisis. The paper concludes by discussing the long-term challenges for food systems, arguing that the unanticipated shock of COVID-19 strengthens the case for shifting from ‘business as usual’ policies to a more forward looking policy package for food systems.
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  • 48
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (27 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Schlagwort(e): Coronavirus ; Impfung ; Arzneimittel ; Vertrauen ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: While the rapid development of vaccines against COVID‑19 is an extraordinary achievement, successfully vaccinating the global population presents many challenges, from production to distribution, deployment, and importantly, acceptance. Trust in the vaccines is vital, and is critically dependant on the ability of governments to communicate the benefits of vaccination, and to deliver the vaccines safely and effectively. This brief addresses the role of governments in promoting confidence in the effectiveness and safety through effective communication, as well as trust in their ability to procure and distribute them efficiently and equitably. While only a small minority of the population holds strong anti-vaccination views, hesitancy about COVID‑19 vaccination is evident in many countries. Recognising that vaccination campaigns of the magnitude needed are unprecedented, government actions to garner trust will be essential to their success, and to the emergence of more resilient societies after the crisis.
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  • 49
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.)
    Serie: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.28
    Schlagwort(e): Infrastrukturinvestition ; Umweltschutzinvestition ; Entwicklungsbank ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Development
    Kurzfassung: This policy paper catalogues tools and techniques used by public actors such as national development banks and green investment banks to mitigate project-level risks and attract private investment in infrastructure. The paper updates the dataset underlying the 2018 "Progress Update on Approaches to Mobilising Institutional Investment for Sustainable Infrastructure", to provide an expanded typology of de-risking instruments and highlight several novel approaches for mobilising institutional investment. The analysis provides development banks and other public financial institutions a nuanced view of options for targeted mobilisation efforts.
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  • 50
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (75 p.)
    Serie: OECD Green Growth Papers no.2021/01
    Schlagwort(e): Einkommensverteilung ; Umweltbelastung ; Umweltpolitik ; Verteilungspolitik ; Verteilungswirkung ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: The COVID-19 crisis has amplified the urgency of addressing together the dual challenges of inequality and environmental degradation. This paper contributes to the debate on the inequalities-environment nexus by analysing the consequences of the environmental degradation and of environmental policies on four well-being dimensions: health, income and wealth, work and job quality, and safety. The analysis shows that the impacts of environmental degradation tends to be concentrated among vulnerable groups and households. At the same, the benefits and costs of environmental policies are also likely to be unevenly distributed across households. In this context, policy packages for an inclusive green transition should aim at: (i) mitigating the possible regressive impact of pricing environmental externalities, (ii) investing in human capital and upgrading skills to facilitate labour reallocation, (iii) addressing systemic inequalities with sectoral and place-based policies, (iv) ensuring efficient and responsive governance. The paper concludes by highlighting the need for an effective framework to measure progress towards a people-centred green recovery, and possible areas of future work.
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  • 51
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.)
    Serie: OECD Tourism Papers no.2021/01
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Gérer le développement du tourisme dans l'optique d’une reprise durable et inclusive
    Schlagwort(e): Tourismuspolitik ; Tourismusmanagement ; Tourismuswirtschaft ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Ökotourismus ; Coronavirus ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: Despite the significant negative impacts of COVID-19 on tourism, the crisis is providing an opportunity to rethink tourism for the future. Achieving this greener and more sustainable tourism recovery, calls for a greater policy focus on the environmental and socio-cultural pillars of sustainability. The paper focuses on five main pillars of policy solutions, and best practices, to help destinations rebuild and flourish in this dramatically changed policy context for tourism development. Recommended policy solutions aim to: i) rethink tourism success, ii) adopt an integrated policy-industry-community approach, iii) mainstream sustainable policies and practices, iv) develop more sustainable tourism business models, and v) implement better measure to better manage. The report presents a selection of 9 case studies on destination strategies to support a sustainable and inclusive recovery.
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  • 52
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (10 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Schlagwort(e): Coronavirus ; Innovation ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Technologiepolitik ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: This policy brief discusses the effects that the COVID-19 crisis could have on the future of science, technology and innovation (STI) and its policies. Factors shaping the future of STI include the unequal effects of the crisis on research and development (R&D) across sectors, the accelerated adoption of digital tools and techniques, and changes in the openness, inclusiveness and agility of research and innovation ecosystems. STI policy could see fundamental changes as resilience, environmental sustainability and inclusiveness become more prominent objectives on policy agendas. The crisis could also spur experimentation with new tools, policy approaches and governance models.
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  • 53
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This brief aims to support governments in designing gender-inclusive approaches to emergency management and recovery, building on OECD work and standards on gender equality in public life. Often due to pre-existing gender inequalities and socio-cultural norms, women have been disproportionately affected by the social and economic fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic. Building on information gathered from OECD members through an April 2020 survey and consultation with the Working Party on Gender Mainstreaming and Governance, the brief explores practices and challenges in accounting for gender-differentiated impacts and the economic inclusion of both men and women in government responses to the pandemic. It also looks at how countries can promote gender equality as part of the recovery process, including through the use of tools for planning, regulations, budgets and public procurement. Ultimately, this brief provides insights on creating conditions for emergency management and recovery that take into account the needs of both men and women.
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  • 54
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Serie: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.313
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: This benchmarking report explores the degree to which the world’s top 50 online content-sharing services’ approaches to terrorist and violent extremist content (TVEC) online have evolved since a first report in 2020. This new edition finds there has been tangible progress: 11 services have issued TVEC-specific transparency reports over the past year (6 more than in 2020); and the 5 services that already issued such reports now provide additional information. However, transparency reports expressly addressing TVEC remain uncommon and services continue to use different metrics, definitions and reporting frequencies. It remains difficult to gain an industry-wide perspective on the efficacy of companies’ measures to combat TVEC online and how they may affect human rights. Meanwhile, there is a growing risk of regulatory fragmentation due to unco-ordinated transparency requirements across jurisdictions. There is an urgent need for increased, and more comparable, TVEC reporting.
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  • 55
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe 新型コロナウイルス感染症(Covid-19)によるロックダウン中に 教育の社会的成果が果たす役割とは
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe What role might the social outcomes of education play during the COVID-19 lockdown ?
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Si bien los beneficios económicos de la educación se han demostrado en varias áreas, un nivel educativo alto también se relaciona positivamente con una variedad de efectos sociales que serán importantes durante el brote de COVID-19 y el periodo de confinamiento. Datos recopilados con anterioridad al brote muestran que las personas con un título de educación terciaria tienen menos probabilidades de informar que padecen depresión y más probabilidades de estar en contacto con sus amigos y familiares físicamente y a través de Internet. Durante el periodo de confinamiento, los efectos sociales positivos de la educación serán más importantes que nunca para preparar a las personas a afrontar la crisis. La buena salud mental, una sólida red social y un estilo de vida saludable tienen que ver con las decisiones que las personas tomaron antes de la pandemia de COVID-19, y su elección de continuar o no con su educación habrá sido de la mayor importancia.
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  • 56
    Sprache: Japanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.)
    Serie: 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)へのOECD政策対応
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD initiative for safe international mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic (including blueprint)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Initiative de l’OCDE pour une mobilité internationale sans danger pendant la pandémie de COVID-19 (comprenant le cadre)
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: OECD加盟国閣僚は、パリで開催されているOECDの年次閣僚理事会にて、新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)のパンデミック期に安全な海外渡航を推進するための新たなイニシアチブを承認した。このイニシアチブには、安全な渡航のための計画(ブループリント)と知識を共有するための臨時の業界横断的な国際フォーラムが含まれている。このフォーラムでは、各国政府と利害関係者が人の移動を促進するための計画とアプローチについて、リアルタイムに情報を共有することができる。この安全な渡航のためのブループリントでは、本格的に人の移動が再開したときに渡航の確実性と安全、セキュリティを高めることを求めている。それは、既存のイニシアチブに立脚し、様々な渡航形態の相互運用性を高めることを目的としており、各国が自発的に実施するものである。
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  • 57
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Serie: L'enseignement à la loupe no.40
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Supporting students with special needs: A policy priority for primary education
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Les systèmes d’éducation du monde entier s’efforcent de rendre la salle de classe plus inclusive pour tous les enfants, quelles que soient leur origine et leurs capacités, afin que chacun d’entre eux ait les mêmes chances de bénéficier d’un apprentissage de qualité. Il est devenu essentiel d’intégrer les élèves ayant des besoins spécifiques dans l’enseignement formel classique, et ces derniers sont de plus en plus nombreux à fréquenter des établissements et des classes ordinaires dans l’enseignement primaire. Les classes inclusives posent toutefois des exigences plus nombreuses et spécifiques aux enseignants. Les données de TALIS 2018 nous alertent sur le besoin urgent de soutenir les enseignants en charge d’élèves ayant des besoins spécifiques dans les établissements primaires. Soutenir les élèves ayant des besoins spécifiques constitue une priorité stratégique pour les chefs d’établissement et les enseignants à ce niveau d’enseignement. Le fait que les enseignants doivent adapter leurs cours pour soutenir ces élèves représente pour eux une source de stress particulière, et les enseignants sont nombreux à demander une formation complémentaire pour les aider à enseigner aux enfants ayant des besoins spécifiques.
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  • 58
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Serie: Teaching in Focus no.37
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Tour d’horizon de l’enseignement : Conclusions de l’étude vidéo « Regards sur les pédagogies dans le monde »
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Around the world, researchers, policy makers, parents and children all agree that teachers matter to student outcomes. However, we are only beginning to understand what makes a difference in terms of quality teaching. Teaching and learning are complex processes that challenge the skills and abilities of both teachers and learners. Teachers must know how, when, where and why to use specific teaching practices related to the subject matter to meet learners’ needs and move them forward. The OECD’s Global Teaching InSights: A Video Study of Teaching uses new research methods to shed light more directly on teaching and learning processes, which are key to improving education at scale.
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  • 59
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Serie: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.36
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: Employer engagement is fundamental to career guidance. Research studies shows that school activities like career talks and workplace visits that involve people from workplaces are often linked with better employment outcomes. Many young people though have limited opportunity to engage with employers and people in work while still in school. This policy brief draws on international practice and evidence, including new analysis exploring the impact of employer engagement on student transitions into work, to ask: Why engage employers in career guidance? What does good employer engagement looks like? How to deliver employer engagement effectively, efficiently and equitably? The paper also highlights ways in which schools are using online technologies to enhance student access to employers within career guidance.
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  • 60
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Serie: Teaching in Focus no.41
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Soutenir l’utilisation des TIC chez les enseignants du deuxième cycle du secondaire durant et après la pandémie de COVID-19
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: School systems around the world are making efforts to enhance and make education more efficient with information and communications technology (ICT). This has become especially urgent due to the current pandemic. Because of its rapidly evolving nature, ICT places unique demands on teachers, requiring a certain level of digital literacy and specialised pedagogical knowledge to integrate it into the classroom. Teacher training in ICT usage and instruction at the collective and official level is key to a successful transition from an old to a new educational system. But efforts and careful analysis will be needed to ensure that the training actually increases teacher preparedness and meets their educational demands. Without proper implementation, ICT use may not only be ineffective but have a negative impact on teaching and learning.
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  • 61
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Serie: Teaching in Focus no.39
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Aider les garçons à combler leur retard en compréhension de l’écrit : Ce que les enseignants et les établissements scolaires peuvent faire
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: One of the goals of education systems is to equip all students, irrespective of their individual characteristics, with market-relevant skills. Poor or inadequate skills limit access to better-paying and more rewarding jobs and, ultimately, to better living and health conditions, and higher social and political participation. Yet, inequalities in education abound. Family background, disabilities and gender all influence students’ trajectory toward fulfilling their potential. Boys, for instance, tend to lack the basic reading proficiency needed for today’s knowledge societies. The latest TALIS-PISA link report, Positive, High-achieving Students? What Schools and Teachers Can Do, explores some of the teacher and school factors that could play a role in bridging the gap in reading performances at school between girls and boys.
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  • 62
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Schlagwort(e): Coronavirus ; Epidemie ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Entwicklung ; Insel ; Kleinstaat ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Antigua and Barbuda ; Belize ; Cape Verde ; Cook Islands ; Dominica ; Dominican Republic ; Fiji ; Grenada ; Guinea-Bissau ; Guyana ; Haiti ; Jamaica ; Kiribati ; Palau ; Papua New Guinea ; Saint Lucia ; Samoa ; Sao Tome and Principe ; Seychelles ; Solomon Islands ; Timor-Leste ; Tonga ; Vanuatu
    Kurzfassung: Small island developing states (SIDS) are among the most vulnerable countries to the impacts of the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis, which is disrupting key economic sectors that SIDS’ undiversified and already fragile economies strongly rely upon. While they are succeeding to contain the health emergency, SIDS are faced with severe economic impacts which require bold government action and adequate international support. This policy brief: (i) highlights the impacts of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic across SIDS; (ii) provides an overview of the support delivered by development co-operation providers to face the crisis; and (iii) provides suggestions to ensure that international support can lead to a fast and sustainable recovery in SIDS: a ‘blue’ recovery.
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  • 63
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (33 p.)
    Serie: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Tax Administration: Digital Resilience in the COVID-19 Environment
    Schlagwort(e): Taxation ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: Cette note a pour objet de faire un état des lieux des répercussions de la transformation numérique des administrations fiscales sur leur gestion de la crise du COVID-19, en mettant l'accent sur les services aux contribuables, la gestion des risques de conformité, le télétravail, les systèmes informatiques et le soutien aux autres administrations publiques. Elle a été rédigée par le Secrétariat du Forum de l’OCDE sur l’administration fiscale (FTA), en collaboration avec la communauté d’intérêt sur la gestion globale des risques (Enterprise Risk Management) du FTA, et tient compte des contributions fournies par plus d’une trentaine d'administrations fiscales qui ont répondu à l’enquête sur la résilience numérique. Les résultats sont présentés sur une base anonymisée. Ce document ne contient pas de recommandations invitant à adopter des mesures particulières car les circonstances et les considérations à prendre en compte varient énormément selon les pays. Toutefois, les informations qu’il contient peuvent aider les administrations fiscales à traverser la crise actuelle et stimuler la réflexion sur les changements à apporter aux stratégies existantes en matière de transformation numérique des processus des administrations fiscales en vue d'accroître la résilience face aux chocs futurs.
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  • 64
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (12 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Coronavirus ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Active labour market policies (ALMPs) that connect people to jobs will help to ensure an equitable and sustained recovery from the COVID‑19 crisis. Already in 2020, many governments reacted swiftly to the crisis by increasing funding for their public employment services (PES), training programmes and measures to increase labour demand. This has allowed the PES to hire additional staff and expand remote and digital accessibility to ensure service continuity. However, additional resources are needed in 2021 and the years to come to ensure that high-quality employment services and programmes can be effective in fostering a quick reintegration of the many jobseekers into the labour market. This policy brief highlights how OECD and a number of other countries have responded to the crisis in adapting and expanding the provision of employment services.
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  • 65
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (13 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les préoccupations des jeunes pendant la pandémie de COVID-19 : Résultats de l’enquête « Des risques qui comptent » 2020
    Schlagwort(e): Coronavirus ; Jugendliche ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Young people are among the most affected by the economic crisis as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. This brief provides cross-national information on young people’s concerns, perceived vulnerabilities and policy preferences. The results of the OECD Risks That Matter 2020 survey reveal that two in three 18-to-29 year olds are worried about their household’s finances and overall social and economic well-being, and an equal share thinks the government should be doing more to support them. However, only one in four young people are willing to pay additional taxes to finance better provision of employment or income support.
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  • 66
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.)
    Serie: OECD Education Policy Perspectives no.35
    Schlagwort(e): Arbeitsmarktintegration ; Schule ; Bildungspolitik ; Education
    Kurzfassung: While young people are leaving education more qualified than ever before, in many countries they are struggling to compete for jobs in the labour market. Compared to older workers, young people tend to have less work experience, fewer useful contacts and less know-how about how to get a job. Young people face additional challenges in preparing for online recruitment processes. There are however, things that secondary schools can do to help students get a job and ongoing analysis of national longitudinal surveys in four countries reveal associations with better employment outcomes. This paper looks at how school can: Demystify the recruitment process Teach students how to apply for jobs Help them prepare to succeed in job interviews.
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  • 67
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Administration fiscale : la résilience numérique dans le contexte du COVID-19
    Schlagwort(e): Coronavirus ; Finanzverwaltung ; Digitalisierung ; Taxation ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: During the COVID-19 crisis, many tax administrations had to close offices and move to almost full or partial remote working. For many, this has also coincided with the peak filing season and an increase for some in the administration of benefits affected by COVID-19. This had impacts on normal operations, as some administrations have not been able to carry out business as usual in all areas, including difficulties in dealing with paper communications and forms, physical audits, taxpayer contacts and some aspects of systems maintenance. In addition, many administrations have been asked to undertake new roles providing assistance, including financial assistance, to taxpayers on behalf of the wider government. This note is intended to provide a status/pulse check on the impact of digitalisation of tax administration in dealing with the COVID-19 crisis, with a particular focus on taxpayer services, compliance risk management, remote working, IT systems and providing support for wider government. It has been produced by the OECD Forum on Tax Administration (FTA) Secretariat in collaboration with the FTA Enterprise Risk Management Community of Interest and takes account of input provided by more than thirty tax administrations that completed a digital resilience survey. The results are presented on an anonymised basis.
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  • 68
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p.)
    Serie: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.26
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Australia ; Belgium ; Canada ; Denmark ; France ; Ireland ; United Kingdom
    Kurzfassung: This policy brief discusses recent international policy experiences in developing e-learning and digital business diagnostic tools for entrepreneurs. E-learning tools can develop entrepreneurial knowledge, skills and competences among users and increase their confidence and success in business creation. Business diagnostic tools offer entrepreneurs ways to assess their business management practices against peer companies or good practices, building competence and diffusing good practice. This brief sets out considerations for the successful development and implementation of these tools. It presents eight international cases of tools and discusses the public policy lessons from these international experiences.
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  • 69
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Schlagwort(e): Coronavirus ; Epidemie ; Unternehmensversicherung ; Finance and Investment
    Kurzfassung: The COVID-19 pandemic and the measures taken to limit the spread of the disease have significantly disrupted economic activity in countries around the world, resulting in significant business interruption losses. The vast majority of these losses are likely to be absorbed by policyholders as, unless governments (or courts) intervene, few companies have business interruption coverage that is likely to respond to these types of losses – exposing the existence of an important protection gap for some pandemic-related business interruption losses. This note provides an overview of how business interruption insurance against pandemic risk could be provided with support from governments, and some of the challenges and considerations necessary for establishing such a programme.
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  • 70
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.)
    Serie: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19 и экологизация экономики стран Восточной Европы, Кавказа и Центральной Азии
    Schlagwort(e): Coronavirus ; Umweltpolitik ; Osteuropa ; Kaukasus ; Zentralasien ; Environment ; Economics ; Armenia ; Azerbaijan ; Belarus ; Georgia ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Moldova, Republic of ; Tajikistan ; Turkmenistan ; Ukraine ; Uzbekistan
    Kurzfassung: As in many countries, the economies of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) have been negatively affected by the global COVID-19 pandemic. Their governments responded by addressing the health impacts and providing relief to affected businesses and workers. Many EECCA countries have also implemented measures that will help advance environmental objectives as part of their rescue and recovery plans. Nevertheless, much more needs to be done to ensure that recovery plans accelerate a green transition, thereby building resilience against external shocks. This policy paper analyses measures related to COVID-19 in 11 EECCA countries based on their potential to advance the transition to a greener, climate-resilient and low-carbon economy. Recommendations suggest ways to ensure that governments align efforts to support economic recovery with their objectives on climate change, biodiversity and wider environmental protection.
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9789264370623 , 9789264591141 , 9789264788688
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (179 Seiten) , Diagramme, Karten, Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD rural studies
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Access and cost of education and health services
    Schlagwort(e): Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Gesundheitskosten ; Bildungsfinanzierung ; EU-Staaten ; Education ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Kurzfassung: Current population trends and the COVID-19 pandemic reinforce the need for efficient public service provision while guaranteeing good access to all. Population decline and ageing in rural regions affect the provision of services through lower economies of scale and scope, professional shortages and longer distances. Reliable estimates of the costs and access arising from demographic and geographical differences can help adapt the provision of services to different territorial realities. This report provides internationally comparable fine-grained present and future estimates of the cost and physical access to education (primary and secondary) and health services (cardiology, maternity and obstetrics) in European countries. The report finds that demographic change in the next decades will likely further strain the trade-off between costs and access, especially in remote rural areas. Adapting to changes in demand following lower fertility rates and ageing implies that services will need to become more widely available, while others will have to concentrate more. This report aims to support evidence-based policy decisions to ensure service provision allows for both cost efficiency and a sufficient level of access in all territories.
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  • 72
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Serie: Teaching in Focus no.38
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Stimuler les élèves sur le plan scolaire : Ce que peuvent faire les enseignants et les établissements scolaires
    Schlagwort(e): Education
    Kurzfassung: With most students around the world having experienced remote learning over the past year because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of teachers and schools has become all the more evident. Temporary school closures underline how richly students benefit from being in school with their teachers and classmates. Positive, High-achieving Students? What Schools and Teachers Can Do pinpoints some of the factors that make an effective teacher and school.
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  • 73
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p.)
    Serie: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.25
    Schlagwort(e): Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Kurzfassung: This report provides in-depth analysis of the drivers, impacts and best practices to address ghost fishing gear. It places the issues of abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear within the larger context of marine plastic pollution. Ghost gear is particularly harmful because it negatively affects fisheries, non-target species (e.g. entanglement of wildlife), habitats, navigational safety, and coastal tourism. As a significant source of marine pollution, ghost fishing gear contributes to environmental and health risks of plastic pollution. The report identifies good practices and policies to prevent gear loss, reduce its impacts, and to recover lost gear. It reviews current policy efforts at the international level and in G7 countries and recommends a comprehensive policy response through international co-operation and circular economy approaches.
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  • 74
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p.)
    Serie: OECD Regional Development Papers no.14
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Transport ; Denmark ; Germany ; Norway ; Sweden
    Kurzfassung: STRING is a political cross-border organisation spanning five cities (the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, Copenhagen, Malmö, Gothenburg and Oslo) and eight regions (Schleswig-Holstein, Region of Southern Denmark, Region Zealand, Capital Region of Denmark, Region Skåne, Region Halland, Västra Götalandsregionen and Viken County) across Germany, Denmark, Sweden and Norway. Home to around 14 million inhabitants, STRING has good potential to become a leading European megaregion and an internationally acknowledged Green Hub if governments “think big” and work together beyond their own boundaries. Building on its green expertise and high levels of innovation and quality of life, STRING could take advantage of current opportunities such as the construction of the Fehmarn Belt Fixed Link to reap the benefits of agglomeration economies and establish itself as a sustainable megaregion. However, time is of the essence. Seizing the political momentum of the coming decade, including the momentum to support a green recovery from COVID-19, will be critical to advance STRING’s green vision and shape a future-proof economic model.
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  • 75
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (81 p.)
    Serie: OECD Environment Policy Papers no.26
    Schlagwort(e): Artenvielfalt ; Naturschutz ; Umweltpolitik ; Finanzpolitik ; G7-Staaten ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Trade
    Kurzfassung: Nature underpins all economic activities and human well-being. It is the world’s most important asset. Yet humanity is destroying biodiversity at an unprecedented rate, posing significant but often overlooked risks to the economy, the financial sector and the well-being of current and future generations. This report provides the latest findings and policy guidance for G7 and other countries in four key areas: measuring and mainstreaming biodiversity; aligning budgetary and fiscal policy with biodiversity; embedding biodiversity in the financial sector; and improving biodiversity outcomes linked to international trade. The report shows how Finance, Economic and Environment Ministries can drive the transformative changes required to halt and reverse the loss of biodiversity. This Policy Paper was prepared as an input document for the United Kingdom Presidency of the G7 in 2021.
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  • 76
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.)
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.112
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: This report analyses policies and research funding mechanisms designed to foster high-risk high-reward (HRHR) research, and explores promising practices for fostering HRHR research in a variety of contexts. The underlying concern is that failure to encourage and support research on risky, ‘out-of-the-box’ ideas may jeopardise a country’s longer-term ability to compete economically, harness science for solving national and global challenges, and contribute to the progress of science as a whole. The analysis in this paper is primarily based on a survey of individual HRHR research funding schemes in different countries, complemented by targeted interviews. This survey was supplemented by an analysis of HRHR research-oriented programmes and by the feedback from an international workshop that included all relevant stakeholders.
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  • 77
    Online-Ressource
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264599390 , 9789264673533 , 9789264583535
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (295 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Kinder ; Lebensqualität ; Sozialer Indikator ; Messung ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: To design, implement and monitor effective child well-being policies, policy-makers need data that better capture children’s lives, measure what is important to them and detect emerging problems and vulnerabilities early on. Despite improvements in recent decades, there are still important gaps in both national and cross-national child data. Countries can achieve progress if the right actions are taken. Measuring What Matters for Child Well-being and Policies lays the groundwork for improved child well-being measurement and better data to inform better child well-being policies. It outlines an “aspirational” framework for child well-being measurement, setting out which aspects of children’s lives should be measured, and how, to better monitor child well-being. It also outlines priorities for child data development and identifies key data gaps, all with the aim of motivating improvements in child data infrastructures.
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  • 78
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264845343 , 9789264940147 , 9789264901865
    Sprache: Rumänisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (195 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Promoting Clean Urban Public Transportation and Green Investment in Moldova
    Schlagwort(e): Environment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Moldova, Republic of
    Kurzfassung: Acest raport abordează principalele rezultate ale unui proiect privind modul în care un flux de fonduri ar putea stimula evoluția spre un transport public mai curat și de a reduce poluarea aerului și a emisiilor de gaze cu efect de seră (GES) în centrele urbane mari în Moldova, oferind o analiză pentru proiectarea unui program de investiții publice ”verzi” în sectorul dat. Acest sector reprezintă, pentru Moldova, o oportunitate de a aborda obiectivele cheie în politicile sale de mediu și climă, ca parte a ambițiilor țării de a trece la o cale de dezvoltare economică ecologică. Programul de investiții este, de asemenea, conceput pentru a sprijini modernizarea flotei de transport urban din țară și pentru a stimula piața internă să se orienteze către autobuze moderne alimentate cu combustibili curați. Programul este prevăzut a fi implementat în două etape: prima- vizează orașele Chișinău și Bălți, iar a doua se extinde în zone din afara centrelor pilot inițiale (suburbiile orașelor pilot, precum și transportul interurban). Se preconizează că aceste investiții vor avea ca efect beneficii semnificative pentru mediu, servicii publice și socio-economice.
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  • 79
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264376106 , 9789264605831 , 9789264395329
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (97 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Internationale Leitlinien für die Mehrwertbesteuerung
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Principes directeurs internationaux pour la TVA/TPS
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe International VAT/GST Guidelines
    Schlagwort(e): Taxation
    Kurzfassung: Las Directrices Internacionales sobre IVA presentan un conjunto de estándares aceptados internacionalmente y de recomendaciones de medidas destinadas a asegurar una adecuada coordinación en la aplicación de los sistemas nacionales de IVA dentro del contexto del comercio internacional. Se centran principalmente en el comercio de servicios e intangibles. En particular, comprenden los principios y mecanismos recomendados para hacer frente a los desafíos para la recaudación de IVA sobre el comercio transfronterizo de productos digitales que han sido identificados en el contexto del proyecto sobre Erosión de la Base Imponible y Traslado de Beneficios (BEPS, por sus siglas en inglés) de la OCDE y el G20. Estas Directrices fueron adoptadas como Recomendación por el Consejo de la OCDE en septiembre de 2016.
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  • 80
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264903005
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (54 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Ligne directrice n° 497 : Approches définies pour la sensibilisation cutanée
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: A Defined Approach (DA) consists of a selection of information sources (e.g in silico predictions, in chemico, in vitro data) used in a specific combination, and resulting data are interpreted using a fixed data interpretation procedure (DIP) (e.g. a mathematical, rule-based model). DAs use methods in combination and are intended to overcome some limitations of the individual, stand-alone methods. The first three DAs included in this Guideline use combinations of OECD validated in chemico and in vitro test data, in some cases along with in silico information, to come to a rules-based conclusion on potential dermal sensitisation hazard. The DAs included in this Guideline have shown to either provide the same level of information or be more informative than the murine Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA; OECD TG 429) for hazard identification (i.e. sensitiser versus non-sensitiser). In addition, two of the DAs provide information for sensitisation potency categorisation that is equivalent to the potency categorisation information provided by the LLNA.
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  • 81
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264734661 , 9789264512184 , 9789264374454
    Sprache: Unbestimmte Sprache
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Clean Energy Finance and Investment Policy Review of Indonesia
    Schlagwort(e): Energy ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Development ; Indonesia
    Kurzfassung: Indonesia telah menjadi tujuan dambaan para investor di sektor energi bersih berkat potensi energi terbarukan dan efisiensi energi yang luar biasa serta ekonomi yang stabil dan dinamis. Namun, investasi energi bersih masih jauh di bawah tingkat yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai tujuan energi bersih dan keuangan berkelanjutan Indonesia yang ambisius. Sebaliknya, investasi bahan bakar fosil terus mendominasi. Tinjauan Kebijakan Pembiayaan dan Investasi Energi Bersih pertama di Indonesia ini mendukung upaya untuk membalikkan tren ini dan mewujudkan transisi energi bersih. Laporan ini memberikan gambaran menyeluruh tentang kerangka kebijakan saat ini, menyoroti kemajuan dan mengidentifikasi peluang yang belum dimanfaatkan untuk memperkuat intervensi kebijakan yang dapat membantu meningkatkan pembiayaan dan investasi energi bersih. Laporan ini juga memberikan sejumlah rekomendasi yang disesuaikan untuk Pemerintah Indonesia dan mitra pembangunan. Tinjauan dilakukan dalam Program OECD Clean Energy Finance and Investment Mobilisation (CEFIM), yang mendukung pemerintah di negara berkembang untuk membuka pembiayaan dan investasi dalam energi bersih.
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  • 82
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264714137
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Essai n° 249 : Essai de toxicité aiguë sur lignée cellulaire de poisson – essai sur lignée cellulaire RTgill-W1
    Schlagwort(e): Environment
    Kurzfassung: The RTgill-W1 cell line assay describes a 24-well plate format fish cell line acute toxicity test using the permanent cell line from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gill, RTgill-W1. After 24 h of exposure to the test chemical, cell viability is assessed based on three fluorescent cell viability indicator dyes, measured on the same set of cells. Resazurin enters the cells in its non-fluorescent form and is converted to the fluorescent product, resorufin, by mitochondrial, microsomal or cytoplasmic oxidoreductases. A reduction in the fluorescence of resorufin indicates a decline in cellular metabolic activity, including disruption of mitochondrial membranes. The data are expressed as the percent cell viability of unexposed control values versus the test chemical concentration. The resulting concentration-response curves serve to determine the effective concentrations causing 50% loss in cell viability, i.e. the EC50 value. The test is designed to (i) predict fish acute toxicity in product testing; (ii) range-finding and pre-screening before conducting a full fish acute or other fish-based toxicity test; (iii) generation of toxicity information to be used for hazard assessment in combination with other lines of evidences (e.g., Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSAR), weight of evidence (WoE)) within Integrated Testing Strategy (ITS)/Integrated Approach to Testing and Assessment (IATA).
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  • 83
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264948853 , 9789264700154 , 9789264326828
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Coronavirus ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Risiko ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: The COVID-19 pandemic has spurred perhaps the largest expansion of social protection systems in seventy years. Yet many people are still deeply affected by the crisis and are calling for even more help. Drawing on 25 000 responses across 25 OECD countries, the 2020 Risks that Matter survey finds that people are worried about keeping their jobs, paying the bills and staying healthy. Almost seven out of ten respondents say that their government should be doing more to ensure their economic and social security, and many are willing to pay more in taxes to support this. The perspectives presented in this report offer important lessons for how to expand and reform social protection as our societies and economies slowly start to recover from the pandemic.
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  • 84
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264572874 , 9789264807143 , 9789264522725
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (78 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Steuerstrafrecht ; Steuerfahndung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Taxation ; Argentina ; Australia ; Austria ; Azerbaijan ; Brazil ; Canada ; Chile ; Colombia ; Costa Rica ; Czech Republic ; Estonia ; France ; Georgia ; Germany ; Greece ; Honduras ; Hungary ; Iceland ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; South Africa ; Spain ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; United Kingdom ; United States ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: First published in 2017, Fighting Tax Crime - The Ten Global Principles is the first comprehensive guide to fighting tax crimes. It sets out ten essential principles covering the legal, institutional, administrative, and operational aspects necessary for developing an efficient and effective system for identifying, investigating and prosecuting tax crimes, while respecting the rights of accused taxpayers. This second edition addresses new challenges, such as tackling professionals who enable tax and white-collar crimes, and fostering international co-operation in the recovery of assets. Drawing on the experiences of jurisdictions in all continents, the report also highlights successful cases relating to the misuse of virtual assets, complex investigations involving joint task forces, and the use of new technology tools to fight tax crimes and other financial crimes. The Ten Global Principles are an essential element of the OECD’s Oslo Dialogue, a whole-of-government approach for fighting tax crimes and illicit financial flows. Alongside the policy document, the second edition is joined by 33 country chapters, detailing jurisdictions’ domestic tax crime enforcement frameworks as well as the progress made in implementing the Ten Global Principles. These chapters are available separately online.
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  • 85
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264807815 , 9789264353886 , 9789264976955
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Estudios de la OCDE sobre Gobernanza Pública
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Integrity in the Peruvian Regions: Implementing the Integrity System
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Peru
    Kurzfassung: Promover la integridad en los gobiernos a nivel subnacional puede ser un reto, pero es crucial. En efecto, a menudo es en este nivel donde se forja la confianza en el estado, y donde las acciones para promover la integridad tienen el mayor impacto. Este informe revisa los esfuerzos realizados en el Perú para introducir una función de integridad a nivel de los gobiernos regionales. Se analiza cómo las regiones del país están implementando esta función y se proponen recomendaciones concretas para la mejora. El informe también examina cómo mejorar el impacto de las Comisiones Regionales Anticorrupción y cómo los actores nacionales, en particular la Secretaría de Integridad Pública del Perú, pueden proporcionar apoyo a la función y al sistema de integridad a nivel regional.
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  • 86
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264437357 , 9789264798045 , 9789264996564
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Examens de l'OCDE sur la gouvernance publique
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Development ; Tunisia
    Kurzfassung: Le Scan de l'OCDE Voix citoyenne en Tunisie : La communication au service d'une administration ouverte au niveau local analyse les structures, compétences et applications de la communication publique au sein de 11 municipalités tunisiennes. Il formule une série de recommandations pour renforcer la communication publique au sein de ces municipalités et orienter son utilisation vers le soutien aux principes du gouvernement ouvert que sont la transparence, l'intégrité, la redevabilité et la participation citoyenne.
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9789264985889 , 9789264881716 , 9789264897335
    Sprache: Spanisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Revisiones de la OCDE sobre reforma regulatoria
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Implementing Regulatory Impact Assessment at Peru’s National Superintendence of Sanitation Services
    Schlagwort(e): Governance ; Peru
    Kurzfassung: Las regulaciones desempeñan un papel fundamental en la consecución de los objetivos de política pública, como la protección de la salud humana y el medio ambiente, la lucha contra los monopolios o la prestación eficiente de servicios de agua y saneamiento. El Análisis de Impacto Regulatorio (AIR) es una herramienta importante para garantizar la calidad de la regulación. Este reporte provee una guía para implementar el AIR en la Superintendencia Nacional de Servicios de Saneamiento de Perú (Sunass). Después de evaluar el proceso de emisión de regulaciones de la agencia, el reporte proporciona recomendaciones para diseñar las reformas legales necesarias para establecer el AIR como una práctica permanente, así como la capacitación del personal que lo desarrollará. El reporte incluye lineamientos técnicos para la realización de consultas públicas, la identificación de problemas de política pública y la realización del análisis costo-beneficio.
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  • 88
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264947689 , 9789264569393 , 9789264832398
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (253 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Schlagwort(e): Psychische Krankheit ; Soziale Kosten ; Coronavirus ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; Benchmarking ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Mental ill-health affects millions of people, and drives economic costs of more than 4% of GDP. A good mental health system helps people stay in good mental health, and connects those in need to appropriate support to manage their mental health condition or even fully recover from it. However, mental health care has long been neglected and under-funded, and unmet need for care is still high. The long-lasting COVID-19 crisis and the toll it is taking on mental health has made mental health systems more important than ever. This timely report provides an in-depth analysis of how well countries are delivering the policies and services that matter for mental health system performance. The report highlights recent reforms countries have taken to strengthen mental health performance, including by increasing access to mental health care, ensuring that service users take the lead in planning and even delivering services, and prioritising integration and mental health promotion. The report also identifies promising approaches countries should pursue to better meet their populations’ mental health needs. This report sets up a framework for understanding mental health performance through internationally comparable indicators, an approach set to grow stronger still in the coming years as more data become available.
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9789264677036
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Schlagwort(e): Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Russland ; Taxation ; Russian Federation
    Kurzfassung: This publication contains the 2021 Second Round Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of the Russian Federation. It refers to Phase 1 only (Legal and Regulatory Framework).
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  • 90
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Bildungswesen ; Bildungspolitik ; Schulpolitik ; Schule ; Coronavirus ; Epidemie ; Welt ; Education ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Kurzfassung: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the World Bank and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) have collaborated in the third round of the Survey on National Education Responses to COVID-19 School Closures, administered by the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) and OECD to Ministry of Education officials. The questions covered four levels of education: preprimary, primary, lower secondary and upper secondary. While the first two rounds of the survey were implemented during the periods May–June and July–October 2020, respectively, the third round was implemented during the period February–June 2021. In total, 143 countries responded to the questionnaire. Thirty-one countries submitted responses to the OECD (“OECD survey”) and 112 countries responded to the UIS (“UIS survey”). Seven countries responded to both surveys. In these instances, the more complete set responses were used in analysis.
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  • 91
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264968325 , 9789264813502 , 9789264507555
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (165 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Schlagwort(e): Mittelstandspolitik ; Unternehmerinnen ; Unternehmensgründung ; Employment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This publication examines how to strengthen the scope and effectiveness of entrepreneurship policies for women. It examines both dedicated measures for women and ensuring that mainstream policies for all entrepreneurs are appropriate for women. Evidence is offered on the gender gap in entrepreneurship and its causes. At the heart of the report are 27 policy insight notes by leading international experts on the role of public policy in facilitating entrepreneurship by women and how policies can be strengthened. They highlight many long‑standing issues related to the scope and effectiveness of women’s entrepreneurship policies – many of which have been exacerbated by the COVID‑19 pandemic – and point the way to more effective policy. Issues addressed include fostering a gender‑sensitive entrepreneurship culture, building entrepreneurship skills for women, improving women’s access to financial capital, supporting networks for women entrepreneurs and creating supportive regulatory environments. Issues in the design and delivery of policy support are also addressed. The report was prepared by the OECD in collaboration with members of the Global Women’s Entrepreneurship Policy Research Project (Global WEP), a network of established researchers from over 30 counties.
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789264475076
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (94 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Schlagwort(e): Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Israel ; Taxation ; Israel ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' Stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the Stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Israel.
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789264399228 , 9789264350625 , 9789264647787
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Examens de l'OCDE sur la gouvernance publique
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Governance for Youth, Trust and Intergenerational Justice: Fit for All Generations?
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Les transformations d’ampleur planétaire – du vieillissement de la population à la transition numérique en passant par l’accentuation des inégalités et le changement climatique – engendrent de profondes incertitudes pour les jeunes et les générations futures, et ce malgré un accès sans précédent à l’information, à l’éducation et à la technologie. La pandémie du COVID-19 a exacerbé les problèmes préexistants concernant le bien-être mental et l’emploi des jeunes, et a suscité de nouvelles inquiétudes quant à la viabilité des finances publiques. Ce rapport fournit la première évaluation comparative des politiques, lois, capacités institutionnelles et outils de gouvernance mis en place par 42 gouvernements nationaux et l’Union Européenne pour promouvoir l’autonomisation des jeunes et la justice intergénérationnelle. Il définit des éléments de comparaison internationale dans trois grands domaines : 1) Accompagner la transition des jeunes vers l’autonomie ; 2) Renforcer leur participation et leur représentation dans la vie publique, ainsi que leur confiance à l’égard des institutions publiques, et 3) Assurer l’équité des résultats de l’action publique pour toutes les générations. Enfin, il fournit des orientations concrètes à l’intention des responsables publics, des organisations de la société civile et des jeunes désireux de bâtir un présent et un avenir où aucune génération ne sera laissée pour compte.
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  • 94
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264506381 , 9789264317161 , 9789264402201
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (171 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Auslandsinvestition ; Investitionspolitik ; Finnland ; Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Trade ; Denmark ; Estonia ; Finland ; Latvia ; Lithuania ; Norway ; Sweden
    Kurzfassung: The Impact of Regulation on International Investment in Finland examines what drives FDI into Finland and which domestic regulatory aspects may discourage foreign investment. The report analyses trends in FDI flows towards Finland and other Nordic-Baltic countries and discusses the benefits of foreign investment for the Finnish economy. It provides a comparative overview of the regulatory frameworks in force in Finland and its Nordic-Baltic peers, outlining both economy-wide and sector-specific findings, and explores how changes in these regulatory frameworks are linked to changes in FDI inflows in the region. Foreign investors’ views on Finland’s business environment complement these findings. The report underlines potential areas for reform and suggests policy actions that could further improve Finland’s investment climate and contribute to attracting and retaining more FDI, while also strengthening its positive impact.
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  • 95
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264781573 , 9789264930650 , 9789264482777
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (125 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Telearbeit ; Coronavirus ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Infrastrukturpolitik ; Gesundheitspolitik ; G7-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: COVID-19 has accelerated the digitalisation of working and social interactions. Global lockdowns to contain the pandemic have forced firms and workers to perform a wide range of daily functions through virtual means. This has led to greater uptake and acceptance of remote working, which will likely remain in the post-pandemic scenario. Governments and policy responses at the local and regional level can play a decisive role in supporting workers and firms in this transition. This report proposes a number of policy takeaways to guide short and long-term policy making to better prepare regions for what may be a ‘new normal’. The report relies on real-time subnational data to analyse changes in people’s mobility patterns and the determinants of remote working adoption across types of workers and regions. The report identifies different scenarios of settlement patterns that could emerge post-COVID-19, highlighting how changing patterns of work could impact on regional development and a range of policy areas, including infrastructure, healthcare and the environment.
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  • 96
    ISBN: 9789264578722
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (106 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Serie: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Schlagwort(e): Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Ukraine ; Taxation ; Ukraine
    Kurzfassung: This publication contains the 2021 Second Round Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Ukraine. It refers to Phase 1 only (Legal and Regulatory Framework).
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  • 97
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264597846 , 9789264337947 , 9789264333444
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Entwicklungshilfe ; Statistische Methode ; Entwicklungsländer ; Development ; Australia ; Canada ; Denmark ; Italy ; Japan ; Korea, Democratic People's Republic of ; Norway ; Poland ; Portugal ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Kurzfassung: Sound and timely data and statistics are essential for designing better policies for better lives. When the right data are available and used by policy makers, they play a crucial role in managing crises, as revealed during the COVID-19 pandemic. They are also indispensable for transparent and accountable delivery of policies and services and to guide business and investment decisions in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The first 2021 edition of the OECD’s Data for Development Profiles is a unique source of information and insights on how members of the Development Co-operation Committee (DAC) allocate official development assistance (ODA) to statistical capacity development and strengthening data ecosystems in low and middle income countries. By providing a comprehensive overview of members’ data and statistical policy priorities, strategies, funding, delivery modalities and partnerships, the profiles serve as a baseline for co-ordinating international support and highlight ways forward for greater impact and effectiveness.
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  • 98
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264419490 , 9789264915763 , 9789264480902
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (72 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Hauspersonal ; Schwarzarbeit ; Schätzung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Despite years of growth in the number of women in paid work, gender roles in unpaid housework have remained remarkably rigid. Unpaid housework can be outsourced to non-care household service providers, such as cleaners or housekeepers, however, high prices, a substantial tax burden and a lack of easy access impose barriers to greater formalisation of the household service sector. With the aim of increasing work-life balance for households, in particular for women in employment, and reducing the wide-ranging practice of undeclared employment, a number of OECD countries have implemented policies to formalise and boost the provision of non-care household services. This report illustrates the importance of the non-care household service sector and reviews international approaches in formalising the non-care household service market, ranging from providing tax incentives or granting social vouchers, to identify good practice. To highlight the potential economic gains that could follow from easing the housework burden, the report also estimates the economic value of unpaid housework provided by men and women.
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  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264579316 , 9789264355781 , 9789264593237
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (294 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Schlagwort(e): Finance and Investment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Trade ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and entrepreneurs have been hit hard during the COVID-19 crisis. Policy responses were quick and unprecedented, helping cushion the blow and maintain most SMEs and entrepreneurs afloat. Despite the magnitude of the shock, available data so far point to sustained start-ups creation, no wave of bankruptcies, and an impulse to innovation in most OECD countries. However, government support has been less effective at reaching the self-employed, smaller and younger firms, women, and entrepreneurs from minorities. Countries were not all even in their capacity to support SMEs either. As vaccine campaigns roll out and economic prospects brighten, governments have to take the turn of a crisis exit and create the conditions to build back better. The OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Outlook 2021 brings new evidence on the impact of the crisis and policy responses on SMEs and entrepreneurs. It reflects on longer-term issues, such as SME indebtedness or SME role in more resilient supply chains or innovation diffusion. The report contains country profiles that benchmark impact, factors of vulnerability, and sources of resilience in OECD countries, and give a policy spotlight on liquidity support and recovery plans for SMEs.
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  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264676343 , 9789264549975 , 9789264370784
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (77 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: Green Finance and Investment
    Schlagwort(e): Umweltschutzinvestition ; Finanzierung ; Privater Haushalt ; Kirgisistan ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Kyrgyzstan
    Kurzfassung: This report presents findings from a survey on green finance conducted among 1 000 households in the Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyzstan) in 2019. Although green finance is an emerging trend, knowledge about the appetite for green financial products and services in Kyrgyzstan is almost inexistent. The OECD prepared the household survey to close this gap in evidence. The research identified needs and demand from existing and potential clients of Kyrgyz financial institutions for financial instruments, including those that promote sustainable development. This will help commercial banks, policy makers and central bankers design more targeted interventions to increase access to and use of financial products and services, including green finance, in Kyrgyzstan.
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