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  • 2000-2004  (114)
  • 2001  (114)
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (114)
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  • 2000-2004  (114)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Test No. 303: Simulation Test - Aerobic Sewage Treatment -- A: Activated Sludge Units; B: Biofilms (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070424
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (50 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 303; Essai de simulation - Traitement aérobie des eaux usées - A; Unités de traitement par boues; B; Biofilms
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 303: Essai de simulation - Traitement aérobie des eaux usées - A: Unités de traitement par boues; B: Biofilms
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes two simulations tests used in the aerobic sewage treatment. Activated Sludge Units are designed to determine the elimination and the primary and/or ultimate biodegradation of water-soluble organic compounds by aerobic micro-organisms in a continuously operated test system simulating the activated sludge process. Two continuously operated test units are run in parallel under identical conditions. Normally the mean hydraulic retention time is 6 h and the mean sludge age is 6 to 10 days. Sludge is wasted by one of two methods, the test substance is normally added at a concentration of between 10 mg/l dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and 20 mg/l DOC, to the influent of only one of the units. The second unit is used as a control. The DOC, preferably, or chemical oxygen demand (COD) is determined, together with the concentration of the test substance by specific analysis, in the effluent from the unit receiving the test substance. In Biofilms, synthetic or domestic sewage, and the test substance, in admixture or alone, are applied to the internal surface of a slowly rotating inclined tube. A layer of microorganisms is built up on the internal surface. Effluent from the tube is collected and either settled and/or filtered before analysis for DOC and/or the test substance by a specific method. Control units are operated in parallel under the same conditions. The difference between the concentrations of DOC/COD in the effluent from the test and control units is assumed to be due to the test substance. This difference is compared with the concentration of the added test substance to calculate the elimination of the test substance. Biodegradation may normally be distinguished from bio-adsorption by careful examination of the elimination-time curve.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070424-en
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version) (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065710
    Language: Swedish
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065710-sv
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Learning to change: ICT in schools (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264195718
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Schooling for Tomorrow
    Series Statement: Schooling for tomorrow
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Learning to change; ICT in schools
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. ;Les nouvelles technologies à l'école
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les nouvelles technologies à l'école : Apprendre à changer
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Los Desafíos de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones en la Educación
    RVK:
    DP 2600
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Schule ; Informationstechnik
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264195714-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Regulatory Reform in Ireland 2001 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193352
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; La réforme de la réglementation en Irlande 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : La réforme de la réglementation en Irlande 2001
    Keywords: Governance ; Ireland
    Abstract: OECD's 2001 review of regulatory reform in Ireland. It finds that regulatory reform in Ireland began later than in many countries, but is now moving ahead on a broad front. Following Ireland’s remarkable economic performance in the 1990s, regulatory reform is helping to manage the consequences of fast growth and to sustain growth into the future. Reform is opening up important infrastructure and policy bottlenecks to further growth, promoting efficiency improvements that can help manage inflation, and establishing a more competitive and flexible economy that can innovate, adapt and prosper as the sources of its current prosperity change. Yet the reform agenda is still long. Bottlenecks in physical infrastructure are constraining growth, as are labour shortages, and public sector capacities. Weak competition in key sectors is a risk to future performance. While recognising the substantial progress made in recent years, this report calls for a more coherent and determined approach to regulatory reform. This review presents an integrated assessment of regulatory reform in framework areas such as the quality of the public sector, competition policy and enforcement, and market openness. It also contains chapters on sectors such as telecommunications, electricity, gas, pharmacies and legal services, and an assessment of the macroeconomic context for reform. The policy recommendations present a balanced plan of action for both short and longer term based on best international regulatory practices.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193352-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Corporate tax incentives for foreign direct investment (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264188401
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Studies no.4
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Clark, W. Steven; Impôts sur les sociétés et investissement direct étranger
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Corporate tax incentives for foreign direct investment
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Impôt sur les sociétés et investissement direct étranger : L'utilisation d'incitations fiscales
    Keywords: Körperschaftsteuer ; Direktinvestition
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264188402-en
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD 2000 Private Pensions Conference (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264192662
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Pensions Series no.3
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Private pensions series
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. OECD 2000 Private Pensions Conference
    RVK:
    QX 400
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift 2000 ; Rentenreform ; Internationaler Vergleich
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192669-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Asset Management for the Roads Sector (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193208
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Road Transport and Intermodal Linkages Research Programme
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gestion du patrimoine d'infrastructure dans le secteur routier
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: What is asset management? How do road administrations achieve an integrated approach to asset management? How does this differ from the management of individual assets? What are the implications for data collection and management? What does it mean for road administrations and road sector policy? This report examines the requirements of asset management systems, the integration of existing component systems into a comprehensive approach to asset management, the incorporation of a business-like approach, performance monitoring and the implementation of such systems.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193208-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Well-being of Nations : The Role of Human and Social Capital (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189515
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Du bien-être des nations ; Le rôle du capital humain et social
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vom Wohlergehen der Nationen
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Du bien-être des nations : Le rôle du capital humain et social
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: In a rapidly changing world, the success of nations, communities and individuals may be linked, more than ever before, to how they adapt to change, learn and share knowledge. This report helps clarify the concepts of human and social capital and evaluates their impact on economic growth and well-being. Although the evidence on social capital is less developed, reflecting the novelty of the concept in economic and social science, the report draws on a number of empirical studies which suggest potentially important linkages between human and social capital. The evidence suggests that human and social capital can be of key importance in contributing to a wide range of positive outcomes, including higher income, life satisfaction and social cohesion. Although there is no evidence for systematic "under-investment" in either human or social capital, concerns are expressed about the distribution and quality of each form of capital and how this might impact on future well-being. There is limited scope for public policy to change the quality, stock and distribution of human and social capital in the short-term. However, a number of areas are discussed in which public, private and voluntary actors may leverage long-term improvements in both human and social capital.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189515-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews 2001 : Achievements in OECD Countries (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264192133
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE 2001 ; Progrès dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE 2001 : Progrès dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Coming at the end of the first round of Environmental Performance Reviews, this report summarises lessons learned during the round and presents a broad range of related comparative economic and environmental data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192133-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version) (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065741
    Language: Hungarian
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065741-hu
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Inventory of Consumer Protection Laws, Policies and Practices Applied to Electronic Commerce (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 55 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.54
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Inventaire des lois, politiques et pratiques régissant la protection des consommateurs dans le contexte du commerce électronique
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Consumer laws, policies and practices exist to help build consumers’ trust and confidence by protecting them from unfair or deceptive acts or practices and helping to establish a more balanced relationship between sellers and consumers in commercial transactions. Domestic retail markets offer consumers assurances that their interactions and purchases are covered by national legal and private sector consumer protections. The increase in cross-border transactions and the limited or non-existent face-to-face contact between businesses and consumers brought on by the growth of electronic commerce reinforce the need for a predictable and trustworthy global marketplace.
    DOI: 10.1787/234054742628
    URL: Volltext
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version) (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065796
    Language: Slovak
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065796-sk
    URL: Volltext
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    School Building Organisation in Greece (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 3 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Exchange, Programme on Educational Building no.2001/10
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'organisation des bâtiments scolaires en Grèce
    Keywords: Education ; Greece
    Abstract: The national organisation responsible for school buildings in Greece has been converted into a public limited company. The School Building Organisation (SBO) was established in 1962 to design and construct new buildings and provide educational equipment. In 1998 the SBO was transformed into an S.A. (Société Anonyme) supervised by the Greek Minister of Education with the Greek state as the sole shareholder.
    DOI: 10.1787/786100402633
    URL: Volltext
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reviews of National Policies for Education: Estonia 2001 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189966
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (185 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation ; Estonie 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation : Estonie 2001
    Keywords: Education ; Estonia
    Abstract: OECD's 2001 review of Estonia's education system. Reform of education, training and human resource development is an integral part of the transition to a democratic society and market economy. This report finds that Estonia has made progress in all these areas since reform began in 1990. The challenge for the Ministry of Education has been to promote and support changes that meet the needs of the new economy and society as well as the interests of all young people and adults, in the face of a shortage of financial and human resources. This book first gives a brief overview of regional issues and a history of education in Estonia and describes the development of education in the country since the political changes. It then presents an analysis of the entire education system and identifies key directions for the reinforcement of the reforms in light of the challenges encountered by officials, communities, enterprises, educators, parents and students under very dynamic conditions. It concludes with a set of key recommendations of goals of education, learning effectiveness, outcomes and the curriculum, management and governance for flexibility, responsiveness and change, and resources and financing.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189966-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Public Policy and Voluntary Initiatives : What Roles Have Governments Played? (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 19 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2001/04
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Government involvement in “voluntary” initiatives for corporate responsibility has been extensive. This chapter reviews four main types of involvement -- legal and regulatory incentives, tax expenditures on the NGO sector, contributions to compliance expertise and moral suasion. The most influential government measures have been closely co-ordinated with broader public strategy, especially in relation to regulatory reform. Many of the private initiatives studied here are closely related to the legal and regulatory environments from which they emerge. Indeed, in some instances, these initiatives are so clearly a response to legal and regulatory incentives, that they could almost be called the extension or reflection into private management practices of public law and regulation. As a result, it is often difficult to analyse the impact or effectiveness of these initiatives independently of the legal and regulatory framework from which they emerge -- the two form an interdependent ...
    DOI: 10.1787/618786830625
    URL: Volltext
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Territorial Reviews: The Valencian Central Districts, Spain 2001 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193215
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Districts centraux de Valence, Espagne 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Districts centraux de Valence, Espagne 2001
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Spain
    Abstract: OECD's Territorial Review of the Valencian Central Districts of Spain. It finds that the future of the region in an era of globalisation is uncertain. At a time when producer services are becoming critical to the success of goods producing industries, will the small settlements that characterise the Valencian Central Districts be able to maintain their competitive position? And should they find new forms of partnership in order to increase their capacity to make investments? The aim of this Territorial Review is to provide practical policy advice on how the area can respond to new challenges by enhancing potential opportunities.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193215-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation and Aid Effectiveness No 3 - Donor Support for Institutional Capacity Development in Environment : Lessons Learned (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264034945
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p)
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Evaluation is a key tool in improving the quality and effectiveness of development co-operation. The Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Working Party in Aid Evaluation is the only international forum where bilateral and multilateral evaluation experts meet regularly. Its Members meet to improve evaluation practice and to learn lessons from development co-operation activities and experiences. A series "Evaluation and Aid Effectiveness" was launched to share selected pieces of work with a broader public. This study acknowledges the considerable progress made in terms of the growing mainstreaming of environmental issues and recognises the need for additional efforts in the context of widespread institutional capacity development. As such, this report shall be considered as a complement to the Committee's earlier publications and guidelines on CDE. These should guide both programme-level and specific project-level CDE assessments and serve as a source of general information for policy-makers as well as practitioners in donor agencies and developing countries. The print version of the above report is available free of charge from the Development Co-operation Directorate; please send an email to dac.contactoecd.org to get a copy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264034945-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Re-Allocation : Aligning Political Priorities and Budgetary Funding (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 1, no. 2, p. 83-140
    Details
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 57 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réaffectation des ressources : Harmoniser priorités politiques et dotations budgétaires
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 1, no. 2, p. 83-140
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The following five articles contain reports on national practices in five Member countries for reallocating budgetary resources. The five countries are Finland, Germany, Korea, Switzerland and the United States. The reports were presented at a special OECD meeting in the year 2000 where senior officials from Member countries met to discuss these issues.
    DOI: 10.1787/budget-v1-art11-en
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  • 19
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    The Development of Broadband Access in the OECD Countries (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 64 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.56
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The development of broadband access to the Internet is gaining increasing prominence. This is occurring in fields that go well beyond communications policy. One reason for this is the role advanced communication capabilities may have played in generating higher growth in productivity rates, as well as new networkbased economic activities, in some countries over recent years. If, as many believe, new communication tools such as the Internet and wireless networks boosted growth in the latter half of the 1990s, and softened the current cyclical downturn, then the next steps toward broadband access are of critical importance that go beyond the communications sector. The current bottleneck to growth in the communications sector, and beyond for areas such as electronic commerce, is the limitations of local access networks. These limitations are not just technological. The inheritance of many decades of monopoly provision of access networks is that there is usually only one, or at best two, networks passing most homes and businesses in OECD countries. In some cases the same company still owns both these networks.
    DOI: 10.1787/233822327671
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  • 20
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    ICT Standardisation in the New Global Context (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 78 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.50
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The new global information infrastructure will prove effective only if it can guarantee high-speed transmission throughout the network of all kinds of data -- text, images, sound or video -- in a secure manner while preserving its integrity.
    DOI: 10.1787/236372224617
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  • 21
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    Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065697
    Language: Italian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (12 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065697-it
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  • 22
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    Biological Resource Centres : Underpinning the Future of Life Sciences and Biotechnology (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193550
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Biotechnology and the genomics revolution are changing our world’s scientific-technological and socio-economic framework. A new type of raw material – one invisible to the naked eye – will become the essential ingredient of the life sciences and biotechnology and of our future: it is the living cell – human, animal, plant or microbial – and the genes it contains. Who keeps, owns, distributes and sells this raw material? Who has access to it? What are the ethical implications of dealing with human cells and DNA? This book sheds light on many of these questions. It identifies the main challenges and how they can be met.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193550-en
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  • 23
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    Pyrochemical Separations : Workshop Proceedings -- Avignon, France -- 14-16 March 2000 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189737
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; France
    Abstract: The industrial treatment of spent nuclear fuel is presently performed using different wet chemical processes. Alternative dry processes, using pyrochemical methods, have received some attention due to their potential advantages in terms of plant design and criticality safety, as well as radiation dose. Recent progress in the transmutation of long-lived fission products and minor actinides has brought renewed interest in pyrochemical methods, as effective transmutation will be based on multi-recycling of the fuel with very high burn-up and short cooling times, conditions under which pyrochemical methods offer various advantages over wet processes. Studies of pyrochemical processes have so far been carried out at laboratory level. Considerable R&D work is still required in order to upgrade these processes to the current level of industrial aqueous processing.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189737-en
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  • 24
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    Investing in trust : nuclear regulators and the public; workshop proceedings, Paris, France, 29 November - 1 December 2000 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264193154
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Nuclear regulation
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Investing in trust
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift 2000 ; Kernenergiepolitik ; Politische Entscheidung ; Öffentlichkeit
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193154-en
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  • 25
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    Trends in the nuclear fuel cycle : economic, environmental and social aspects (2001)
    Paris : OECD Nuclear Energy Agency
    Details
    ISBN: 9264196226
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Nuclear development
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Trends in the nuclear fuel cycle
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le cycle du combustible nucléaire : Aspects économiques, environnementaux et sociaux
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196223-en
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  • 26
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    Intermodal Freight Transport : Institutional Aspects (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189126
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Road Transport and Intermodal Linkages Research Programme
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transport intermodal de marchandises ; Aspects institutionnels
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transport intermodal de marchandises : Aspects institutionnels
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: What is intermodal transport? What are its "institutional aspects"? What is effective intermodal transport policy and how does it differ from road transport policy or rail transport policy? Today's highly competitive global marketplace calls for a policy framework that can evolve to meet the expectations of users. This new report provides insight into these and other issues.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189126-en
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  • 27
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    Nuclear Power Plant Life Management in a Changing Business World : Workshop Proceedings, Washington DC, United States 26-27 June 2000 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264188600
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; United States
    Abstract: Nuclear power plant life management (PLIM) has become an important issue in the context of changing business circumstances caused by regulatory reform of the electricity market. Specifically, the economic aspect of PLIM is being closely investigated as part of the search for greater competitiveness. It was in this light that the NEA organised an international workshop on "Nuclear Power Plant Life Management in a Changing Business World". The objective of the workshop was to examine the status of PLIM activities in OECD Member countries and to develop a set of recommendations through separate working groups focusing on technology, regulation and business. The workshop also provided an opportunity to exchange information on lessons learned from past successes and failures. These proceedings will be of particular interest to those playing a policy role in the nuclear industry and those in a position to shape future PLIM strategies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264188600-en
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  • 28
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    Strategies for Sustainable Development (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194762
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The DAC Guidelines
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stratégies de développement durable
    Keywords: Environment ; Development
    Abstract: This publication provides policy guidance on good practice in developing and implementing strategies for sustainable development. While it focuses on the experience of developing countries, many of the issues covered and lessons drawn are of equal relevance to developed countries. It draws from international experience over the past two decades in both developed and developing countries as well as from a process of multi-stakeholders dialogue in Bolivia, Burkina-Faso, Ghana, Namibia, Nepal, Pakistan, Tanzania and Thailand, to assess their experience of country-level strategies for sustainable development. The DAC Guidelines on Strategies for Sustainable Development aim to provide guidance for development co-operation agencies in their efforts to assist developing countries towards sustainable development. They should also be of value to policy-makers, planners and development practitioners, as well as to academics, students and development analysts in all countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194762-en
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  • 29
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    Evaluation of speciation technology : workshop proceedings, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki, Japan, 26 - 28 October 1999 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264192786
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Nuclear science
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Evaluation of speciation technology
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Radionuklid ; Elementspeziesanalyse
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192782-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 30
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    Gas generation and migration in radioactive waste disposal : safety relevant issues; workshop proceedings, Reims, France, 26 - 28 June 2000 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264193081
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Radioactive waste management
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Gas generation and migration in radioactive waste disposal
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift 2000 ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Entsorgung ; Gasemission
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193086-en
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  • 31
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    Poverty Reduction (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194779
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (125 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The DAC Guidelines
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La réduction de la pauvreté
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Armutsbekämpfung
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: Developing countries, with the support of multilateral institutions, the bilateral development assistance community and civil society organisations, are focusing as never before on the development priority of reducing poverty by half by 2015. Country-led and country-owned poverty reduction strategies focusing on local needs and priorities as determined by stakeholders are now the focus of all development assistance efforts. The DAC Guidelines on Poverty Reduction provide practical information about the nature of poverty and best practice approaches, policies, instruments and channels for tackling it. They also break new ground in setting out the parameters for building effective partnerships with governments, civil society, and other development actors, and in describing how institutional change and development within bilateral agencies themselves could be undertaken for mainstreaming poverty reduction, partnership and policy coherence.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194779-en
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  • 32
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    What schools for the future? (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264195009
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Schooling for Tomorrow
    Series Statement: Schooling for tomorrow
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. What schools for the future?
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Quel avenir pour nos écoles?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Quel avenir pour nos écoles ?
    RVK:
    DI 3000
    RVK:
    DI 4000
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift 1996 ; Schule ; Zukunft
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264195004-en
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  • 33
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    Towards Global Tax Co-operation : Progress in Identifying and Eliminating Harmful Tax Practices (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264184541
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (31 p)
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: Report of the OECD to the 2000 Ministerial Council Meeting on progess in identifying and eliminating harmful tax practices.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264184541-en
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  • 34
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    Improving Policy Instruments through Impact Assessment (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.31
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Central and eastern European countries have been and still are adapting their legal framework to the requirements of a Western market economy and the body of EU legislation, the acquis communautaire. As the harmonisation of the national legal framework to EU standards is one of the yardsticks for EU accession, most candidate countries have drafted and adopted new legislation under enormous time pressure. Sub-optimal solutions, unforeseen implementation costs and unintended side effects were unavoidable. In many cases new legislation has proved impossible to implement. This experience has led candidate countries and other transition countries to develop an interest in impact assessment. EU Member States introduced impact assessment for legal programmes about two decades ago, based on the experience that new legislation may have a considerable and sometimes unexpected, impact not only on the budget, but also on various parts of the economy and society as a whole. Today, there is an acceptance among EU Member States that some kind of impact assessment exercise should be conducted before legislative changes are introduced. Although the comprehensiveness of a particular impact assessment exercise depends on a variety of factors, e.g. the importance of the policy issue or the commitment of the respective government, the basic aim is to enhance the quality of government decision-making. Establishing or improving the administrative capacity to carry out impact assessments is crucial for both in order to provide the government with the necessary information to take informed decisions on policy options and to improve the quality of new legislation. Even applying only the basic principles of impact assessment can often avoid the necessity for immediate amendments or redrafting. This publication deals with impact assessment in a wide sense, including policy analysis (impact assessment for choosing the instrument), assessment of a policy instrument during the drafting stage and evaluation of existing laws or programmes. Special emphasis is given to impact assessment during drafting.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kml60vnhc6h-en
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  • 35
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    Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version) (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065703
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065703-ja
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  • 36
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    OECD Reviews of Foreign Direct Investment: Estonia 2001 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194953
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (62 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Foreign Direct Investment
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE sur l'investissement direct étranger ; Estonie 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE sur l'investissement direct étranger : Estonie 2001
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Estonia
    Abstract: OECD's review of foreign direct investment policy in Estonia. It finds that since regaining its independence in 1991, Estonia has undergone a remarkable economic transformation. By the end of 2000, it had received some US$2.65 billion in foreign direct investment (FDI), principally from European countries and the United States, and invested some US$443 million in the other Baltic countries. FDI has financed green-field investment, mergers and acquisitions, as well as the privatisation of state-owned-enterprises. Creating favourable conditions for FDI and openness to foreign trade have been key elements of Estonia’s economic strategy. Estonia has been included in the first wave of accession of new Members to the European Union and it joined the World Trade Organisation in 2000. The revamping of the old regime and privatisation are practically complete, and special attention is being given to reducing bureaucracy and regulation further. Very few restrictions to FDI remain. Estonia now faces the challenge of keeping up with the competition and catching up with the richer nations. On 26 July 2001, Estonia became eligible for adherence to the OECD Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises. This will help to consolidate Estonia's recent achievements and further expand its economic relations with OECD countries and other adherents to the Declaration.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194953-en
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  • 37
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    Evaluation and Aid Effectiveness No 5 - Evaluation Feedback for Effective Learning and Accountability (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264034938
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (118 p)
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Evaluation is a key tool in improving the quality and effectiveness of development co-operation. The Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Working Party in Aid Evaluation is the only international forum where bilateral and multilateral evaluation experts meet regularly. Its Members meet to improve evaluation practice and to learn lessons from development co-operation activities and experiences. A series "Evaluation and Aid Effectiveness" was launched to share selected pieces of work with a broader public. This publication is composed of two parts: The Workshop Report, based on the fore-mentioned meeting, highlights the various issues raised, topics of discussion and different feedback systems, and outlines the areas identified by participants as most relevant for improving evaluation feedback. The Background Synthesis Report, intended as a starting point for discussion at the workshop, outlines the main concerns and challenges facing evaluation feedback and the means to address these. The report is based on an analysis of questionnaire results, and a review of previous initiatives in this area. The print version of the above report is available free of charge from the Development Co-operation Directorate; please send an email to dac.contactoecd.org to get a copy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264034938-en
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  • 38
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    Corporate Responsibility : Results of a Fact-Finding Mission on Private Initiatives (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2001/02
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In the ongoing public debate on globalisation, concerns have been expressed about the economic, social and environmental impacts of deepening international trade and investment ties and about the activities of the multinational enterprises. These concerns focus on a variety of issues including labour relations, human rights, environment, corruption, control of technology and consumer protection. The high profile of this debate means that most multinational enterprises now pay close attention to public perceptions of their activities in the societies in which they operate. Globalisation has also brought with it additional management challenges for firms in area that has come to be called “legal compliance”. Multinational enterprise are often present in dozens of jurisdictions covering many legal and regulatory areas. These companies need to keep themselves informed about the regulations affecting them and must take steps to ensure that they comply with law and regulation. Compliance ...
    DOI: 10.1787/701174424371
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  • 39
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    An International Campus in Switzerland (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 3 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Exchange, Programme on Educational Building no.2001/11
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Un campus international en Suisse
    Keywords: Education ; Switzerland
    Abstract: The International School of Geneva has three campuses in the region of Lake Geneva and now has a total enrolment of some 3 500 pupils; more than 100 nationalities are represented. In order to prevent overcrowding on existing campuses and to meet the growing demand, the Foundation of the International School of Geneva plans to build a fourth campus, at Saconay. It wishes the architecture of this new site to reflect the school’s ideal of service to the local and international communities, while effectively meeting the challenges that it must face at the beginning of the 21st century.
    DOI: 10.1787/772835141244
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  • 40
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    Making Codes of Corporate Conduct Work : Management Control Systems and Corporate Responsibility (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 19 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2001/03
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Many companies have implemented programmes that help them to respond to societal concerns about the economic, social and environmental impacts of their activities. These help them to manage their compliance with legal or regulatory requirements and their response to “softer” forms of social control of business. These voluntary initiatives by companies have included public statements -- codes of conduct --in which they commit to behavioural norms in a variety of areas of business ethics (e.g. environment, anti-corruption, etc.). Some companies have backed these up with management systems designed to help them respect their commitments. Indeed, codes of conduct often represent just the first step in a process of improving management processes in support of legal and ethical compliance. Subsequent steps include the implementation of systems of management control designed to promote compliance. These systems typically employ a range of tools including accounting and record keeping ...
    DOI: 10.1787/525708844763
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    OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Germany 2001 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264189447
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE ; Allemagne 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Umweltprüfberichte; Deutschland 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Allemagne 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Umweltprüfberichte: Deutschland 2001
    Keywords: Environment ; Germany
    Abstract: This review of Germany's environmental conditions and policies evaluates progress in reducing the pollution burden, improving natural resource management, integrating environmental and economic policies, and strengthening international co-operation. The analyses presented are supported by a broad range of economic and environmental data.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189447-en
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    Codes of Corporate Conduct : Expanded Review of their Contents (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2001/06
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Based on a slight extension of the inventory of 233 codes of corporate conduct collected for an earlier study (TD/TC/WP(98)74/FINAL), this paper takes a more in-depth look at the contents of the codes with respect to issue coverage and code implementation procedures. The main findings of this investigation of 246 voluntary codes of conduct are: The codes examined differ considerably in terms of their content and degree of detail. This reflects the underlying diversity of the organisations issuing the codes, which differ in terms of size, sector and regional affiliation. All the firms subscribing to the codes covered in this study are based in the OECD (most of the 29 member OECD countries are covered in the inventory). The firms operate in a variety of sectors including high technology, mass retailing, heavy manufacturing, light manufacturing, primary production and financial services. Some codes in the inventory are issued by business associations and others by NGOs. The codes ...
    DOI: 10.1787/206157234626
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    Living as Students : Bologna 2000 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 2 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Exchange, Programme on Educational Building no.2001/06
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vivre comme étudiants : Bologne 2000
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: In November 2000, the City of Bologna, Italy, welcomed a conference entitled “Living as Students”. The event was part of the European Capital of Culture project which examined the major role Bologna has played and continues to play as a university city. It also looked at the role of cities that host major universities, in and outside of Europe, as centres for the development and dissemination of culture and advanced professional training. In parallel with the conference, an international competition on student housing was organised
    DOI: 10.1787/788301531408
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    Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264184527
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (73 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Attribution de bénéfices aux établissements stables
    Keywords: Taxation
    Abstract: Currently, there is a lack of consensus amongst OECD Member countries as to how profits should be attributed to a permanent establishment (PE). As a first step in remedying this situation a working hypothesis has been developed as to the preferred approach for attributing profits to the PE. The basis for the working hypothesis is to examine how far the approach of treating the PE as a hypothetical distinct and separate enterprise can be taken and how the guidance in the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines could be applied, by analogy, to attribute profits to a PE. This discussion draft contains the results of testing the working hypothesis in general (Part I) and to PEs of banks (Part II). Public comments are invited in order to assist in the development of an OECD consensus on the attribution of profits to a PE.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264184527-en
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    International Mobility of the Highly Skilled (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264196087
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (352 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The international mobility of highly skilled workers, in particular human resources in science and technology (HRST) such as scientists, engineers and IT experts, is currently an important policy issue in the majority of OECD countries. Accompanying the booming demand for skilled labour, especially from the information technology-related industries and professions, there is apparently a growing shortage of such workers in a number of OECD Member countries. In order to meet these shortages, an increasing number of countries are implementing measures to facilitate the recruitment of foreign skilled workers. Considering that improved knowledge and understanding of these issues are necessary for informing the policy agenda, the OECD held a seminar on "International Mobility of Highly Skilled Workers: From Statistical Analysis to the Formulation of Policies", in Paris on 11-12 June 2001. This seminar was organised by the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (DSTI) and the Directorate for Education, Employment, Labour and Social Affairs (DEELSA). The seminar targeted three main objectives, which are mirrored in the structure of the book: Provide data on the scale and characteristics of flows and stocks of skilled and highly skilled foreign workers in the OECD Member countries and certain non-member economies: South Africa, China, India, Israel, Russia and Chinese Taipei; to assess the quality of the data available and the concepts used, and to help improve their comparability. Analyse the mobility of skilled workers and HRST and their impact on the economy through case studies covering most of the major regions sending and receiving these workers. Examine appropriate migration policies aimed at facilitating the mobility of skilled workers in ways that are beneficial both to receiving and sending countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264196087-en
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    Reforming Russian Infrastructure for Competition and Efficiency (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264061460
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p.) , ill.
    DDC: 338.947
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Infrastructure sectors -- particularly railroads, telecommunications, electricity and natural gas -- are vital in providing necessities of life to the Russian Federation’s citizens and key inputs into the rest of the economy. A top priority of the current government in Russia is to reform the infrastructure sectors, specifically in such sectors as rail transport and electric power, to create an efficient and effective regulatory regime that supports the creation of competition where possible and provides more effective protection to consumers in those spheres where competition is not possible. This book compiles the proceedings of four meetings held at the request of the Minister for Antimonopoly Policy of the Russian Federation, on the reform of railroads, telecommunications, electricity and natural gas, during December 2000-September 2001. This review is part of the OECD's ongoing co-operation with non-Member economies around the world.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264061460-en
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    Management of depleted uranium : a joint report (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264294998 , 9264294996
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Series Statement: Nuclear development
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Management of depleted uranium
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gestion de l'uranium appauvri
    Keywords: Uran ; Abreicherung
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264294998-en
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    Measuring Expenditure on Health-related R&D (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264192928
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Science and technology improves human health but the pressure for faster and larger improvements is building with the continued ageing of the population of many OECD countries and the associated increased demands for health care. A fundamental starting point for better understanding of the impact of innovation on health is the measurement of R&D. This publication addresses this issue by looking in detail at measurement practices across ten OECD member countries as well as the main international sources.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192928-en
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    Strengthening Trade Capacity for Development (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194755
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The DAC Guidelines
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Renforcer les capacités commerciales au service du développement
    Keywords: Development ; Trade
    Abstract: Developing countries want to join in the globalisation process. However, the increasing complexity of global markets, the new challenges of the multilateral trading system and the competing demands of regional, bilateral and multilateral trade agreements confront developing countries with an expanding array of competitiveness and policy challenges. And, in many cases, they lack the institutional and human resource capacity to meet these challenges. The DAC Guidelines on Strengthening Trade Capacity for Development have been prepared on the basis of an emerging international consensus and understanding of how the international community can work together more effectively. They intend to help developing countries enhance their capacity to trade and participate more effectively in the international rule-making and institutional mechanisms that shape the global trading system. They also provide a common reference point for the trade, aid and finance communities, putting trade capacity building in the context of comprehensive approaches to development and poverty reduction.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194755-en
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    OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Regulatory Reform in Italy 2001 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264192676
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (402 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; La réforme de la réglementation en Italie 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : La réforme de la réglementation en Italie 2001
    Keywords: Governance ; Italy
    Abstract: OECD's 2001 review of regulatory reform in Italy. It finds that starting later than many countries, Italy devoted the 1990s to "catching up" with the leading OECD countries in economic and governance reforms. The scope, speed and consistency of structural reforms by multiple governments were remarkable. Accumulated rigidities and practices of decades were re-assessed, and many rejected. Awareness of the excessive role of the state in the economy led to broad policy and institutional changes in favour of transparency, public sector efficiency, and market competition. By 1999, Italy’s privatisation programme was among the largest in the OECD. Reform of Italy’s regulatory state is a formidable task, but early results, such as reduced red tape and stronger accountability of the public service, are appearing. Yet, enhancing the growth potential of the Italian economy -- following years of comparatively slow growth, relatively high inflation, low foreign direct investment, and a declining market share in world trade -- justifies faster and deeper regulatory reform to address the substantial reform agenda still outstanding. Long-standing income gaps between north and south could be narrowed by revitalised domestic markets. Better regulatory practices are particularly needed at regional and local levels, whose decisions increasingly decide Italy’s future. This review presents an integrated assessment of regulatory reform in framework areas such as the quality of the public sector, competition policy and enforcement, and market openness. It also contains chapters on sectors such as telecommunications, electricity, and railways, and an assessment of the macroeconomic context for reform. The policy recommendations present a balanced plan of action for both short and longer term based on best international regulatory practices.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192676-en
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    Utilisation and reliability of high power proton accelerators : workshop proceedings Aix-en-Provence, France 22 - 24 November 1999 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Nuclear science
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Utilisation and reliability of high power proton accelerators
    RVK:
    UN 6100
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift 1998 ; Teilchenbeschleuniger
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194847-en
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    Insurance regulation, liberalisation and financial convergence (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264193170
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Issues in Insurance no.3
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Policy issues in insurance
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Insurance regulation, liberalisation and financial convergence
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Versicherungsmarkt ; Liberalisierung ; Versicherungsaufsicht
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193178-en
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    Interconnection and Local Competition (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.53
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Significant changes in the structure of the telecommunication market have occurred since the introduction of competition in the sector. Now, companies are competing in all market segments and more importantly, competition is developing between companies, which use different network platforms such as fixed telecommunications networks, cable television networks and mobile networks. In terms of regulatory models, the development of inter-modal competition in the telecommunications sector requires the regulator to move forward to technology neutral regulation that is essential to maximise the welfare of consumers through innovative competition between different technology platforms.
    DOI: 10.1787/234147353518
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    Evaluation and Aid Effectiveness No 2 - Evaluating Country Programmes : Vienna Workshop, 1999 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264033825
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p)
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Evaluation is a key tool in improving the quality and effectiveness of development co-operation. The Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Working Party in Aid Evaluation is the only international forum where bilateral and multilateral evaluation experts meet regularly. Its Members meet to improve evaluation practice and to learn lessons from development co-operation activities and experiences. A series "Evaluation and Aid Effectiveness" was launched to share selected pieces of work with a broader public. This publication provides a unique overview of approaches and methods for country programme evaluation. It contains i) an analytical review of the workshop's main findings; ii) an overview of the state-of-the-art approaches and methodologies used for country programme evaluations; and iii) the case studies, which were presented and discussed at the workshop.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264033825-en
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    Private Initiatives for Corporate Responsibility : An Analysis (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 30 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on International Investment no.2001/01
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Voluntary initiatives in the area of corporate responsibility have been among the major trends in international business in recent years. Business surveys show that most large OECD-based multinational enterprises have participated in this trend in one way or another. These initiatives involve, first, the issuance of codes of corporate conduct setting forth commitments in such areas as labour relations, environmental management, human rights, consumer protection, disclosure and fighting corruption. These codes are often backed up by management systems that help firms respect their commitments in their dayto- day operations. More recent developments include work on management, reporting and auditing standards and of the emergence of supporting institutions (e.g. professional societies, consulting and auditing services). This paper analyses the results of a fact-finding project on business approaches to corporate responsibility ...
    DOI: 10.1787/816826411085
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    Cross-border Co-operation in Combatting Cross-border Fraud : The US/Canadian Experience (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 14 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.55
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Coopération bilatérale pour combattre la fraude transfontière: l'expérience des Etats-Unis et du Canada
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Canada ; United States
    Abstract: On 22 March 2000 the CCP held a half-day Forum Session intended to explore the challenges and possibilities associated with international co-operation. Using the experience of the United States and Canada as a practical example, the session provided an overview of ongoing efforts to combat the growing problem of cross-border fraudulent, misleading and unfair commercial conduct. The delegations of Canada and the United States took the leading role in preparing for the session, giving the Committee a first-hand look at their experiences working together to facilitate communication, information sharing, and bilateral co-operation in certain cross-border enforcement actions. The following is a summary record of the Forum Session and the presentations given by representatives from the Competition Bureau of Industry Canada and the United States Federal Trade Commission. Copyright
    DOI: 10.1787/233825738082
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    B2B E-Commerce in Publishing, Retail Distribution and Pharmaceuticals Distribution in France (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 47 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.52
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; France
    Abstract: In early 1999, the OECD launched an internationally comparable study of the diffusion and economic and competitive impacts of business-to-business electronic commerce over the Internet. A first set of case studies was conducted in France between February 1999 and September 1999. Three sectors were chosen for their different characteristics: book publishing, mass retail distribution (clothing, textiles, food and drink, furnishings, etc.) and pharmaceuticals distribution. The differences across sectors are substantial and relate to the nature of the product (whether it can be digitised, is costly or is perishable), the nature of transactions between suppliers and purchasers, the market structure and regulation. This report gives a first set of results concerning sectoral differences in the spread of business-to-business electronic commerce and related organisational and economic effects.
    DOI: 10.1787/234188484700
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    OECD Territorial Reviews: Italy 2001 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193420
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Italie 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Italie 2001
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Italy
    Abstract: OECD's territorial review of Italian regions. It finds that Italy’s economic development has been characterised by marked regional disparities, most notably between the Centre-North and the South. Today, Italy demonstrates one of the widest geographical dualisms among OECD Member countries. In the Southern regions, the unemployment rate is still four times higher than in the Centre-North despite recent signs of dynamism. The infrastructure endowment of the South remains far below the national average and organised crime still constitutes a heavy deterrent both for investment and endogenous development. The country has recently started relevant and promising transformations of its territorial governance aimed at creating those framework conditions that could favour local economic development in depressed areas. New instruments have been developed for the Mezzogiorno (Southern Italy) which involve all actors and all tiers of government, in the strategic phases of design, implementation and evaluation of territorial policies. The review describes these policy innovations and discusses the major challenges that the country must tackle in order to reach a more balanced territorial development and lay the foundations of a new convergence process.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193420-en
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    Test No. 416: Two-Generation Reproduction Toxicity (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070868
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (13 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 416; Étude de toxicité pour la reproduction sur deux générations
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 416: Étude de toxicité pour la reproduction sur deux générations
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline for two-generation reproduction testing is designed to provide general information concerning the effects of a test substance on the integrity and performance of the male and female reproductive systems, and on the growth and development of the offspring. The test substance is administered daily in graduated doses to several groups of males and females. Males and females of the Parent generation (5-9 weeks old) should be dosed during growth, during their mating, during the resulting pregnancies, and through the weaning of their first generation offspring. The administration of the substance is continued to first generation offspring during their growth into adulthood, mating and production of a second generation (until the weaning). The rat is the preferred species for testing. Each test and control group should contain a sufficient number of animals to yield preferably not less than 20 pregnant females at or near parturition. At least three dose levels and a concurrent control shall be used. It is recommended that the test substance be administered orally (by diet, drinking water or gavage). A limit test may be performed if no effects would be expected at a dose of 1000 mg/kg bw/d. The results of this study include: measurements (weighing, sperm parameters, oestrus cycle parameters and offspring parameters), clinical daily observations, as well as gross necropsy and histopathology. The findings of this two-generation reproduction toxicity study should be evaluated in terms of the observed effects including necropsy and microscopic findings. A properly conducted reproductive toxicity test should provide a satisfactory estimation of a no-effect level and an understanding of adverse effects on reproduction, parturition, lactation, postnatal development including growth and sexual development.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070868-en
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    Estudios económicos de la OCDE: España 2001 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264488359
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (198 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys; Spain 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE ; Espagne 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys: Spain 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE : Espagne 2001
    Keywords: Economics ; Spain
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264488359-es
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    Wissenschafts-, Technologie- und Industrieausblick 2000 : Wissenschaft und Innovation (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264024458
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (284 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Perspectives de la science, de la technologie et de l'industrie 2000
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264024458-de
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    Improving the Environmental Performance of Agriculture : Policy options and market approaches (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264033801
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (50 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer les performances environnementales de l'agriculture ; Choix de mesures et approches par le marché
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer les performances environnementales de l'agriculture : Choix de mesures et approches par le marché
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Abstract: Agriculture has major impacts on the environment, especially on land use, soil and water quality, biodiversity and landscapes, which is a growing public concern in OECD countries. The challenge is to find ways for agriculture to efficiently and profitably produce sufficient and safe food to meet growing world demand without harming the environment and degrading natural resources. Agricultural policies often provide substantial production-linked support that have boosted farm output, but with mixed results on environmental quality. The reform of agricultural policies and trade liberalisation has started to alter signals to farmers, leading to changes in farm practices, which will contribute to enhancing the beneficial and reducing the harmful environmental impacts of agriculture. Despite some progress in the environmental performance of agriculture over the last decade, there is still much room for improvement and more needs to be done. On which principles should policies be based? Who should pay or be paid for ensuring environmental quality? When could market approaches be harnessed for charging and remunerating environmental quality? And when might policy action be needed? This report sheds light on these questions and provides criteria and guidelines for the better design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies addressing environmental issues in agriculture.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264033801-en
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    Proceedings of the Fifth Meeting of the task force on Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irradiation Facilities : Paris, France, 18 - 21 July 2000; [workshop proceedings] (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264193138
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Nuclear science
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Meeting on Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irradiation Facilities 〈5, 2000, Paris〉; Proceedings of the Fifth Meeting of the task force on Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irradiation Facilities
    Keywords: Konferenzschrift ; Teilchenbeschleuniger ; Bestrahlungsanlage ; Abschirmung ; Strahlenschutz
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193130-en
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  • 64
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    Online Resource
    Policies to Enhance Sustainable Development (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264192683
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Développement durable ; Quelles politiques ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Développement durable : Quelles politiques ?
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: Sustainable development involves linking the economic, social and environmental objectives of societies in a balanced way. It stresses the importance of taking a broader view of what human welfare entails, of using a long-term perspective about the consequences of today's activities, and of recognising the global nature of many of the most pressing challenges facing societies. OECD countries committed themselves to sustainable development at the 1992 Rio Conference on Environment and Development. However, action to meet these commitments remains slow. This report identifies some of the main barriers -- conceptual and practical -- that stand in the way of progress, and some of the areas where concrete government actions will allow a better integration of environmental, economic and social goals. Particular focus is placed on how the use of the price system, reform of governments' decision-making processes, technology policies, and international trade and investment may each contribute to removing incentives to unsustainable resource depletion and environmental degradation. Recommendations in each of these areas are presented in this Report, and then applied to two areas -- climate change and natural resource management -- where the risks of non-sustainability appear to be highest.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192683-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 65
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    OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Regulatory Reform in the Czech Republic 2001 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194816
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (360 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Keywords: Governance ; Czech Republic
    Abstract: OECD's review of regulatory reform in the Czech Republic. It finds that since 1990, the Czech Republic has carried out a comprehensive transition to a market democracy that required a rapid and broad programme of deregulation, re-regulation, and institution-building. Today, the legal and policy frameworks consistent with a market economy are substantially in place and functioning. Important challenges remain, however, and reform to fill the remaining gaps and further refine regulatory regimes at national and subnational levels will continue to play a central role in economic development in the Czech Republic. Privatisation, restructuring, and building pro-competition regulatory regimes have been delayed in key areas, such as energy, and reform in telecommunications should be completed. Public sector reform should continue. Speed and consistency are essential. If the Czech Republic is to converge with the rest of Europe, it must move faster than the average European country.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194816-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 66
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    Online Resource
    Private pensions systems : administrative costs and reforms (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264189807
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Private Pensions Series no.2
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Private pensions series
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Private pensions systems
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Rentenversicherung ; Privatversicherung ; Verwaltungskosten
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264189805-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 67
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    Scenario Development Methods and Practice : An Evaluation Based on the NEA Workshop on Scenario Development - Madrid, May 1999 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264193536
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Radioactive Waste Management
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Analysis of the long-term safety of radioactive waste repositories, using performance assessment and other tools, is required prior to implementation. The initial stage in developing a repository safety assessment is the identification of all factors that may be relevant to the long-term safety of the repository and their combination to form scenarios. This must be done in a systematic and transparent way in order to assure the regulatory authorities that nothing important has been forgotten. This report is a review of developments in scenario methodologies based on a large body of practical experience in safety assessments. It will be of interest to radioactive waste management experts as well as to other specialists involved in the development of scenario methodologies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264193536-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 68
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    Citizens as Partners : OECD Handbook on Information, Consultation and Public Participation in Policy-Making (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264195578
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Des citoyens partenaires ; Manuel de l'OCDE sur l'information, la consultation et la participation à la formulation des politiques publiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Participación ciudadana ; Manual de la OCDE sobre información,consulta y participación en la elaboración de políticas públicas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cittadini Partner; Manuale dell'OCSE sull'informazione, la consultazione e la partecipazione alla formulazione delle politiche pubbliche
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. O cidadão como parceiro; Manual da OCDE sobre informação, consulta e participação na formulação de políticas públicas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Citizens as Partners; OECD Handbook on Information, Consultation and Public Participation in Policy-Making (Romanian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Citizens as Partners; OECD Handbook on Information, Consultation and Public Participation in Policy-Making (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Des citoyens partenaires : Manuel de l'OCDE sur l'information, la consultation et la participation à la formulation des politiques publiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Participación ciudadana : Manual de la OCDE sobre información,consulta y participación en la elaboración de políticas públicas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cittadini Partner: Manuale dell'OCSE sull'informazione, la consultazione e la partecipazione alla formulazione delle politiche pubbliche
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. O cidadão como parceiro: Manual da OCDE sobre informação, consulta e participação na formulação de políticas públicas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Citizens as Partners: OECD Handbook on Information, Consultation and Public Participation in Policy-Making (Romanian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Citizens as Partners: OECD Handbook on Information, Consultation and Public Participation in Policy-Making (Russian version)
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This handbook offers government officials practical assistance in strengthening relations between government and citizens. It combines a brief review of basic concepts, principles, concrete examples of good practice, tools (including new information and communication technologies) as well as tips from practice. The approach and activities shown in this handbook support and complement formal institutions of democracy, and strengthen the democratic process.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264195578-en
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  • 69
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    Helping Prevent Violent Conflict : Part I: Helping Prevent Violent Conflict: Orientations for External Partners - Part II: Conflict, Peace and Development Co-operation on the Threshold of the 21st Century (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194786
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Series Statement: The DAC Guidelines
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Prévenir les conflits violents ; quels moyens d'action? ; Partie I; Prévenir les conflits violents; orientations à l'intention des partenaires extérieurs - Partie II; Les conflits, la paix et la coopération pour le développement à l'aube du 21ème siècle
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Prévenir les conflits violents : quels moyens d'action? : Partie I: Prévenir les conflits violents: orientations à l'intention des partenaires extérieurs - Partie II: Les conflits, la paix et la coopération pour le développement à l'aube du 21ème siècle
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: These Guidelines provide ways for donor governments to honour their commitment to conflict prevention as an integral part of the quest to reduce poverty. They cover key issues such as: security, development and dealing with small arms; regional co-operation; peace processes, justice and reconciliation; engaging in partnerships for peace; working with business; and grappling with the political economy of war - situations where powerful groups acquire a vested interest in sparking or perpetuating violent conflict. They identify concrete opportunities for donor assistance in support of peace that include: democratisation; inter-community relations; education and cross-cultural training; human rights training; freedom and access to information; the reintegration of uprooted populations; the demobilisation of former combatants; landmine clearing; and the restoration of a capacity for economic management. This full set of guidance on conflict prevention to date from the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) includes the 2001 Supplement and the ground-breaking 1997 Guidelines. This work marks a reaffirmation of the international community’s commitment to work together across government systems to improve their analyses of violent conflicts and establish more coherent policies. “… We are promoting the consideration of conflict prevention in development assistance strategies with a view to achieving quicker and better co-ordinated assistance strategies – including the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HPIC) initiative – and ensuring a smooth transition from relief to post-conflict development. A significant example of such consideration is the April 2001 OECD/DAC Supplement to the 1997 Guidelines on Conflict, Peace and Development Co-operation.” – Excerpt from the Conclusions of the G-8 Foreign Ministers’ meeting, July 2001.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194786-en
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  • 70
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    Transfer pricing guidelines for multinational enterprises and tax administrations : [Travel version] (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9264192212
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Taxation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Transfer pricing guidelines for multinational enterprises and tax administrations
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Principes applicables en matière de prix de transport à l'intention des entreprises multinationales et des administrations fiscales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes applicables en matière de prix de transfert à l'intention des entreprises multinationales et des administrations fiscales 2001 : Édition de poche
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 2001: Travel version (Turkish version)
    RVK:
    QP 836
    RVK:
    QP 834
    RVK:
    QM 355
    Keywords: Multinationales Unternehmen ; Innerbetriebliche Leistungsverrechnung
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264192218-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 71
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    Lernen für das Leben : Erste Ergebnisse von PISA 2000 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264595903
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (380 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Knowledge and Skills for Life; First Results from PISA 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Connaissances et compétences ; des atouts pour la vie ; Premiers résultats de PISA 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Conocimientos y aptitudes para la vida ; Primeros resultados del Programa Internacional de Evaluación de Estudiantes (PISA) 2000 de la OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Knowledge and Skills for Life: First Results from PISA 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Connaissances et compétences : des atouts pour la vie : Premiers résultats de PISA 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Conocimientos y aptitudes para la vida : Primeros resultados del Programa Internacional de Evaluación de Estudiantes (PISA) 2000 de la OCDE
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Sind die Schülerinnen und Schüler gut vorbereitet für die Herausforderungen der Zukunft? Sind sie in der Lage, ihre Ideen und Vorstellungen effektiv zu analysieren, zu begründen und zu kommunizieren? Verfügen sie über die notwendigen Kompetenzen für lebensbegleitendes Lernen? Der Bericht bewertet, inwieweit Schülerinnen und Schüler gegen Ender ihrer Pflichtschulzeit wesentliche Kompetenzen erworben haben, die für eine aktive Teilhabe an der Gesellschaft unerlässlich sind. Er enthält Angaben zu den Schülerleistungen in den Bereichen Lesekompetenz sowie mathematische und naturwissenschaftliche Grundbildung, deckt die Faktoren auf, die die Entwicklung dieser Kompetenzen im familiären und schulischen Kontext beeinflussen, und untersucht, welche Konsequenzen sich daraus für die Politikgestaltung ergeben. Die PISA-Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das Niveau der Kenntnisse und Fähigkeiten je nach Schülern, Schulen und Ländern erheblich variiert. Der sozioökonomische Hintergrund von Schülern und Schulen wirkt sich unterschiedlich stark auf die Schülerleistungen aus. Einigen Ländern ist es gelungen, den Einfluss dieser sozialen Faktoren abzuschwächen, und mache haben dabei zugleich ein insgesamt hohes durchschnittliches Leistungsniveau erreicht.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264595903-de
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  • 72
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    Financial Management and Control of Public Agencies (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 165 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.32
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: All Member States of the EU and countries from Central and Eastern Europe use agencies of various shapes and sizes as part of their system of public administration. The legal forms vary widely from country to country depending on the legal tradition and the system of administration. Public agencies, if properly designed and managed, provide an opportunity for decentralising public administration, achieving greater transparency in government operations, and improving the efficiency and effectiveness with which government services are delivered to end users. Agencies can thus be used for economically and socially beneficial reasons, and indeed are sometimes employed as a stepping stone to more radical options, e.g. the privatisation of government services. However, agencies can also be misused for purposes that contravene the tenets of good governance and sound financial management. They can be a source of inefficiency, unregulated and covert expenditures, political favouritism and corruption. This paper originated in a request from the Ministry of Finance of the Czech Republic for SIGMA advice in developing new legal provisions for the financial management of public agencies. However, this subject cannot be addressed without avoiding the broader context. This paper has expanded well beyond the scope of the original mandate. It highlights the practice and experience of five EU Member States with very different legal systems and administrative structures. It focuses on issues relating to the financial management of public agencies but also discusses, in less detail, other issues concerning legal structures and governance. No single good practice "model" exists in this complex field. International best practice is still evolving. Moreover, we recommend a cautious approach by countries that are tempted to transpose elements of the agency models applied in countries such as New Zealand, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Would-be reformers should consider whether the legal and administrative structures are comparable, and the necessary systems of regulation, control and open reporting are in place and can be enforced. Whilst avoiding simplistic solutions, the paper includes recommendations that policy makers in Central and Eastern Europe should take into account before embarking on major reforms in this area.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kml60vk0h9x-en
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  • 73
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    OECD Tax Policy Studies No. 7f - OECD Fiscal Design Survey Background Paper: Lithuania (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264034785
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (47 p)
    Keywords: Taxation ; Lithuania
    Abstract: In accordance with decisions made by the FDI, the OECD has initiated surveys on fiscal decentralisation for the purpose of providing international comparisons on the design of fiscal systems across levels of government. The FDI is a joint initiative of the OECD, the World Bank, USAID, the Council of Europe, The Open Society Institute, UNDP and OECD Member countries to assist transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe in carrying out intergovernmental reforms. In 2000 the surveys took place in six countries: three OECD Member countries, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland, and the three Baltic States, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. In "Fiscal Design Surveys across Levels of Government" OECD Tax Policy Studies, no 7, 2001, the overall concept of the surveys and the comparative results for the six countries are brought. The full country reports are available through the OECD iLibrary, www.OECD-iLibrary.org, and the internet site of the OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration, www.oecd.org/daf/fa
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264034785-en
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  • 74
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    Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065802
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065802-pt
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  • 75
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    OECD Reviews of Foreign Direct Investment: Lithuania 2001 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264194892
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (73 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Foreign Direct Investment
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE sur l'investissement direct étranger ; Lituanie 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE sur l'investissement direct étranger : Lituanie 2001
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Lithuania
    Abstract: OECD's review of Lithuania foreign direct investment policies. It finds that since regaining its independence in 1990, Lithuania has undergone a remarkable economic transformation. By the end of 2000, this process had been greatly stimulated by the inflow of some US$2.3 billion in foreign direct investment. FDI has contributed to green-field investment, mergers and acquisitions, as well as the privatisation of state-owned-enterprises. Creating favourable conditions for FDI has been a core element of Lithuania’s economic strategy, and relatively few restrictions to FDI now remain. FDI has also been encouraged by the prospect of EU membership, as well as Lithuania's accession to the World Trade Organisation on 31 May 2001. Among the remaining challenges are an early completion of privatisations, pursuance of liberalisation, and foreign competition for trade and investment. Top priority is being given to solving implementation problems resulting from the revamping of the old regulatory regime. On 26 July 2001, Lithuania became eligible for adherence to the OECD Declaration on International Investment and Multinational Enterprises. This will help to consolidate Lithuania's achievements and expand its economic relations with OECD countries and other adherents to the Declaration.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264194892-en
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  • 76
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    Aid Activities in Least Developed Countries : Creditor Reporting System = Activités d'aide dans les pays moins avancés : Système de notification des pays créanciers (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264034983
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (217 p)
    Keywords: Development
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264034983-en-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 77
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    Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065727
    Language: Danish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (13 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065727-da
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  • 78
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    Las reglas del juego cambiaron : La lucha contra el soborno y la corrupción (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264488243
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. No Longer Business as Usual; Fighting Bribery and Corruption
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Affairisme; la fin du système ; Comment combattre la corruption
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. No Longer Business as Usual: Fighting Bribery and Corruption
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Affairisme: la fin du système : Comment combattre la corruption
    Keywords: Governance ; Taxation
    Abstract: ¿Porqué se ha movilizado la OCDE, al igual que otros miembros de la comunidad internacional, para luchar contra la corrupción? La respuesta es sencilla: la corrupción no respeta fronteras, no hace distinciones económicas e infecta todo tipo de gobierno. En el largo plazo, ningún país puede asumir los costos sociales, políticos o económicos que trae consigo este negativo fenómeno.No hace mucho tiempo que el cohecho de servidores públicos extranjeros con el fin de obtener negocios era una práctica, si no aceptable, al menos tolerable en muchos países de la OCDE. Hoy, la corrupción ha pasado a ocupar el lugar principal de la agenda política global conforme su severo impacto en el desarrollo económico y su corrosivo efecto sobre la estabilidad política y las instituciones democráticas se hace cada vez más evidente.En el nuevo milenio, la OCDE y los países asociados, que representan poco más del 75% del comercio y la inversión en el mundo, aplicarán reglas más estrictas. La Convención contra el cohecho de servidores públicos extranjeros en transacciones comerciales internacionales prohibirá la práctica de sobornar a dichos servidores públicos, haciendo que la competencia en los negocios internacionales sea mucho más justa y abierta. El cohecho en las transacciones comerciales internacionales es sólo parte del problema. Actualmente, se ha desarrollado todo un arsenal de instrumentos legales para combatir la corrupción y mejorar las normas de ética en el sector público, al igual que para terminar con la posibilidad de deducir fiscalmente el cohecho; para contrarrestar el lavado de dinero y para sanear las prácticas en las compras gubernamentales. El sector privado y la sociedad civil continuarán desempeñando un papel crucial para lograr que estas nuevas reglas se conviertan en una realidad.Este libro presenta los elementos clave que se requieren para establecer y mantener libres de corrupción a instituciones, sistemas y empresas privadas.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264488243-es
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  • 79
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    Memoria de la Conferencia internacional sobre control de la expansión urbana (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264064683
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (174 p)
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264064683-es
    URL: Volltext
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  • 80
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    OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065772
    Language: Norwegian (Nynorsk)
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065772-no
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  • 81
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    OECD Tax Policy Studies No. 7b - OECD Fiscal Design Survey Background Paper: Hungary (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264034822
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (74 p)
    Keywords: Taxation ; Hungary
    Abstract: In accordance with decisions made by the FDI, the OECD has initiated surveys on fiscal decentralisation for the purpose of providing international comparisons on the design of fiscal systems across levels of government. The FDI is a joint initiative of the OECD, the World Bank, USAID, the Council of Europe, The Open Society Institute, UNDP and OECD Member countries to assist transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe in carrying out intergovernmental reforms. In 2000 the surveys took place in six countries: three OECD Member countries, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland, and the three Baltic States, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. In "Fiscal Design Surveys across Levels of Government" OECD Tax Policy Studies, no 7, 2001, the overall concept of the surveys and the comparative results for the six countries are brought.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264034822-en
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  • 82
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    OECD Umweltprüfberichte: Deutschland 2001 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264589445
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Umweltprüfberichte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Germany 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE ; Allemagne 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Germany 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Allemagne 2001
    Keywords: Environment ; Germany
    Abstract: Schwerpunkte: Luft, Wasser, Abfälle, Natur Wirtschaft, Soziales, neue Bundesländer Klimaänderung, internationale AspekteDer vorliegende Bericht ist Teil des OECD-Programms der Umweltprüfberichte, in denen die Umweltsituation in den einzelnen Mitgliedstaaten und deren Fortschritte im Umweltbereich von gleichrangigen Partnern geprüft werden. In dem Bericht werden die Anstrengungen zur Erreichung der nationalen Ziele wie auch zur Erfüllung internationaler Verpflichtungen einer kritischen Würdigung unterzogen. Die Analysen stützen sich auf ein breites Spektrum von Wirtschafts- und Umweltdaten und münden in Empfehlungen ein, wie im Umweltbereich und in Bezug auf eine nachhaltige Entwicklung weitere Fortschritte erzielt werden können.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264589445-de
    URL: Volltext
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  • 83
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    Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065765
    Language: Dutch
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065765-nl
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  • 84
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    OECD Forum 2001: Sustainable Development and the New Economy : Forum Highlights (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264184824
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (56 p.)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: At OECD Forum 2001, some 1,500 representatives of civil society, government, business and labour came together to discuss the critical policy challenges of sustainable development and the new economy. Svend Auken, Danish Minister for the Environment and Energy, captured the spirit of the Forum when he said that "High hopes of reducing environmental degradation raised at the Rio summit of 1992 have not been borne out ... It is now time to go beyond fine words and into action. OECD Forum Highlights reports on the wide-ranging discussions that took place in the Forum's 30 sessions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264184824-en
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  • 85
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    Evaluation and Aid Effectiveness No 4 - Effective Practices in Conducting a Joint Multi-Donor Evaluation (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264033832
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'évaluation et l'efficacité de l'aide n 4 ; Pratiques efficaces pour mener une évaluation conjointe associant plusieurs donneurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'évaluation et l'efficacité de l'aide n 4 : Pratiques efficaces pour mener une évaluation conjointe associant plusieurs donneurs
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Evaluation is a key tool in improving the quality and effectiveness of development co-operation. The Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Working Party in Aid Evaluation is the only international forum where bilateral and multilateral evaluation experts meet regularly. Its Members meet to improve evaluation practice and to learn lessons from development co-operation activities and experiences. A series "Evaluation and Aid Effectiveness" was launched to share selected pieces of work with a broader public. Joint multi-donor evaluations provide opportunities but also create challenges. The collaborative nature of such evaluations requires special attention and handling. This guide sets out the key steps to be taken when planning and implementing multi-donor evaluations. It draws upon experiences encountered in various types of multi-donor evaluations, some of which were conducted by the DAC Working Party on Aid Evaluation, while others were joint evaluations of multilateral agencies such as UNICEF, or more recently the European Commission's aid programmes and UNCDF. Insights have also been gained through joint evaluations by the Nordic countries. A print version of the above report is available free of charge from the Development Co-operation Directorate; please send an email to dac.contactoecd.org to get a copy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264033832-en
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  • 86
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    Inversionistas Institucionales en América Latina (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264482234
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Institutional Investors in Latin America
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development
    Abstract: Cuál es el estado actual del desarrollo de los inversionistas institucionales en América Latina? Cómo se pueden beneficiar los países de América Latina de la experiencia de países de la OECD para diseñar políticas que ayuden a fomentar el papel de los inversionistas institucionales? Cuáles son los requisitos necesarios en infraestructura financiera y en el marco regulador para asegurar el crecimiento y el buen funcionamiento del sector institucional en América Latina? Estas y otras cuestiones similares fueron abordadas durante el taller en Santiago de Chile sobre “Inversionistas Institucionales en América Latina”, organizado en Septiembre de 1999 por la OECD y la Comisión de la Unión Europea, en cooperación con el gobierno chileno. Este conjunto de textos puede constituir una obra de referencia sobre la inversión institucional para supervisores del sector financiero institucional, expertos del sector público, participantes del sector privado, y académicos de las economías de mercados emergentes y de los países de la OECD. El Centro para la Cooperación con Países No Miembro (CCNM) promueve y coordina el diálogo político y la cooperación con las economías ubicadas fuera del área OCDE.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264482234-es
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  • 87
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    OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065734
    Language: Finnish
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065734-fi
    URL: Volltext
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  • 88
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    OECD Territorial Reviews: Hungary 2001 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264195509
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (163 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Hongrie 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Hongrie 2001
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Hungary
    Abstract: OECD's territorial review of Hungary. It finds that ater a period of decline Hungary has returned on a satisfactory growth track. However, benefit and cost have not been evenly distributed during the transition. This report points to the persisting disparities between the West and the East, the capital and the periphery and urban and rural areas. It analyses numerous spatial, economic and social issues including transportation priorities, clustering of regional capacities, cross-border co-operation, the links between foreign investment and endogenous activities and social policies decentralisation. The review emphasizes the need to better articulate the territorial policy framework with those of the EU and proposes recommendations in order to streamline the institutional system and reinforce the subnational levels.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264195509-en
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  • 89
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    Test No. 414: Prenatal Development Toxicity Study (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070820
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (11 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 414; Étude de la toxicité pour le développement prénatal
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 414: Étude de la toxicité pour le développement prénatal
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline for developmental toxicity testing is designed to provide general information concerning the effects of prenatal exposure on the pregnant test animal and on the developing organism. The test substance is normally administered to pregnant animals at least from implantation to one day prior to the day of scheduled kill, which should be as close as possible to the normal day of delivery. This Test Guideline is intended for use with rodent (rat preferably) and non-rodent (rabbit preferably). Each test and control group should contain a sufficient number of females to result in approximately 20 female animals with implantation sites at necropsy. Three concentrations, at least, should be used. The test substance or vehicle is usually administered orally by intubation. A limit test may be performed if no effects would be expected at a dose of 1000 mg/kg bw/d. The results of this study include measurements (weighing) and clinical daily observations, each day preferably at the same time. Shortly before caesarean section, the females are killed (one day prior to the expected day of delivery), the uterine contents are examined, and the foetuses are evaluated for soft tissue and skeletal changes. A number of endocrine-related measurements in the dams and in the fetuses have been added in 2018. In any study which demonstrates an absence of toxic effects, further investigation to establish absorption and bioavailability of the test substance should be considered.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070820-en
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  • 90
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    Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065680
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065680-es
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  • 91
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    Nuclear Energy in a Sustainable Development Perspective (Korean version) (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065291
    Language: Korean
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p)
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065291-ko
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  • 92
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    Test No. 121: Estimation of the Adsorption Coefficient (Koc ) on Soil and on Sewage Sludge using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069909
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (11 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 121; Estimation du coefficient d'adsorption (Koc) sur le sol et les boues d'épuration par chromatographie en phase liquide à haute performance (CLHP)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 121: Estimation du coefficient d'adsorption (Koc) sur le sol et les boues d'épuration par chromatographie en phase liquide à haute performance (CLHP)
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes an experimental method using HPLC for the estimation of the adsorption coefficient Koc in soil and in sewage sludge. The adsorption coefficient is defined as the ratio between the concentration of the substance in the soil/sludge and the concentration of the substance in the aqueous phase at adsorption equilibrium. The test substance is injected in the column packed with cyanopropyl solid phase containing lipophilic and polar moieties. As a result of partitioning between mobile and stationary phases the test substance is retarded. The retention time tR is determined in duplicate. The HPLC dead time t0 may be determined by two methods: the determination by means of a homologous series and the determination by inert substances which are not retained by the column. If the actual results show that the log Koc of the test substance is outside the calibration range the test should be repeated using different, more appropriate reference substances.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069909-en
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  • 93
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    OECD Territorial Reviews: Korea 2001 (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264195684
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (167 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Corée 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Corée 2001
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: OECD's territorial review of Korea. It finds that deep societal changes against the backdrop of rapid economic growth have characterised Korea in the Post-War period. Most notably, the tripling of its population has induced significant territorial transformations. Despite the effort to promote balanced regional growth, Korea is still characterised by substantial geographical polarisation. An economically dominant Capital region lodges more than 45 per cent of the country’s population, producing nearly half of its GDP. Over the past decade, policy makers have developed a comprehensive spatial perspective, they have put in place policies tackling the use of land, infrastructure and problems in lagging regions, and they have significantly restructured territorial governance. However, further action may help fully exploit the on-going efforts. Cross-sectoral co-ordination is weak and better correspondence between the overall spatial vision and financial support to individual public projects seems appropriate. Territorial governance remains centrally oriented with the result that limited local autonomy may hinder regional innovation directed to sustainable economic growth. The focus on large firms may fail in exploiting the considerable contribution of SMEs to regional development.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264195684-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evaluation and Aid Effectiveness No. 1 - Guidance for Evaluating Humanitarian Assistance in Complex Emergencies (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264033818
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (44 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'évaluation et l'efficacité de l'aide n 1 - Conseils pour l'évaluation de l'aide humanitaire apportée dans les situations d'urgence complexes
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Evaluation is a key tool in improving the quality and effectiveness of development co-operation. The Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Working Party in Aid Evaluation is the only international forum where bilateral and multilateral evaluation experts meet regularly. Its Members meet to improve evaluation practice and to learn lessons from development co-operation activities and experiences. A series "Evaluation and Aid Effectiveness" was launched to share selected pieces of work with a broader public. This Guidance is aimed at those involved in the commissioning, design and management of evaluations of humanitarian assistance programmes principally within donor organisations but is also likely to be of use to UN agencies, NGOs and other organisations involved in the provision of humanitarian assistance. It is not intended as an exhaustive guide as specialised texts are available, but to complement the existing DAC Principles on Aid Evaluation by highlighting those areas which require special attention, the nature of the activities undertaken and the multi-actor, highly interconnected system by which the international community provides humanitarian assistance. The print version of the above report is available free of charge from the Development Co-operation Directorate; please send an email to dac.contactoecd.org to get a copy.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264033818-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version) (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065789
    Language: Polish
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065789-pl
    URL: Volltext
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Internet and Business Performance (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.57
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Internet is providing firms with new ways to conduct business and exchange and communicate information and ideas. In doing so, it is enabling companies to improve efficiency and develop novel ways to co-ordinate activities. Internal firm organisation and relations with employees and shareholders, for example, are being affected, as are the external relationships that firms have with suppliers, customers, competitors and other parties. Some of the changes that are occurring were explored in the report to OECD Ministers on The New Economy: Beyond the Hype (OECD, 2001a). The report concludes that the Internet and related advances in information and communication technology (ICT) are transforming economic activity, much as the steam engine, railways and electricity did in the past. They have done so by providing a catalyst for change in business – helping to spur improvements in work organisation through reductions in routine transaction costs and rationalisation of supply chains, while spawning value-generating networks.
    DOI: 10.1787/233751540382
    URL: Volltext
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Relationship Between Capital Investment and Pupil Performance : An Analysis by the United Kingdom (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 3 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PEB Exchange, Programme on Educational Building no.2001/12
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Dépenses d'investissement et résultats des élèves : Une analyse réalisée par le Royaume-Uni
    Keywords: Education ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: The United Kingdom’s Department for Education and Skills commissioned a major study to examine the relationship between capital investment in schools and subsequent academic attainment. In particular, a key objective of the study was to establish, if possible, the additional effect in terms of pupil attainment of every GBP 1 invested in schools capital.
    DOI: 10.1787/772776755627
    URL: Volltext
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Understanding the Digital Divide (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.49
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The term "digital divide" refers to the gap between individuals, households, businesses and geographic areas at different socio-economic levels with regard to their opportunities to access information and communication technologies (ICTs).
    DOI: 10.1787/236405667766
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version) (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065758
    Language: Korean
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065758-ko
    URL: Volltext
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Tax Policy Studies No. 7a - OECD Fiscal Design Survey Background Paper: Czech Republic (2001)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264034808
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (45 p)
    Keywords: Taxation ; Czech Republic
    Abstract: In accordance with decisions made by the FDI, the OECD has initiated surveys on fiscal decentralisation for the purpose of providing international comparisons on the design of fiscal systems across levels of government. The FDI is a joint initiative of the OECD, the World Bank, USAID, the Council of Europe, The Open Society Institute, UNDP and OECD Member countries to assist transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe in carrying out intergovernmental reforms. In 2000 the surveys took place in six countries: three OECD Member countries, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland, and the three Baltic States, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. In "Fiscal Design Surveys across Levels of Government" OECD Tax Policy Studies, no 7, 2001, the overall concept of the surveys and the comparative results for the six countries are brought.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264034808-en
    URL: Volltext
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