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  • 2020-2024  (220)
  • 2020  (220)
  • Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 2020-2024  (220)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Title: 観光業の再建: 新型コロナウイルスへの政策対応と復興
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: Shingata koronauirusu (COVID-19) e no OECD seisaku taiō
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Rebuilding tourism for the future: COVID-19 policy responses and recovery
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Reconstruire le tourisme de demain : réponses des pouvoirs publics au COVID-19 et reprise
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Title: ジェンダー平等の加速 : 主流化、実施、リーダーシップ
    ISBN: 9789264808812
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Fast Forward to Gender Equality: Mainstreaming, Implementation and Leadership
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Seoul : OECD/Korea Policy Centre
    Title: 한 눈에 보는 사회: 아시아/태평양 2019
    ISBN: 9789264527768
    Language: Korean
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (126 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Society at a Glance: Asia/Pacific 2019
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Afrique : recouvrer la santé
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Sub-Saharan Africa suffers from the worst health status in the world, according to the authors of Making Medicines in Africa. As policymakers turn their focus to healthcare, in part spurred on by the UN Sustainable Development Goals, the authors argue that industrial development in pharmaceuticals and the capabilities it generates can play a crucial role in addressing the healthcare needs of the continent. Through a collection of case studies on industrial policies, Making Medicines in Africa shows the successes and pitfalls along the way.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Social and Welfare Statistics
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The Aggregated dataset is a subset of the OECD Social Expenditure Database (SOCX) database, has been developed in order to serve a growing need for indicators of social protection and social policy. It includes reliable and internationally comparable aggregate statistics on public and mandatory and voluntary private social expenditure. It provides a unique tool for monitoring trends in aggregate social expenditure and analysing changes in its composition. The main social policy areas are as follows: old age, survivors, incapacity-related benefits, health, family, active labour market programmes, unemployment, housing, and other social policy areas. Those social policies area can be further divided by type of expenditure (cash benefits, benefits in kind), type of programme (active labour market programme, incapacity related, etc.) and source (voluntary private, public, etc.). Data are expressed in various units of measure and are presented from 1980 onwards.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Health Statistics
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This dataset provides statistics comparing long-term care resources and utilisation by country in terms of workers, beds in nursing and residential care facilities and care recipients. In this table data is expressed in different measures such as gender, age and population.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD International Migration Statistics
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This database presents data showcasing the employment and unemployment rates of the population by gender and place of birth.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Health Statistics
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This dataset introduces the different health care coverage systems such as the government/social health insurance and private health insurance. The statistics are expressed in percentage of the population covered or number of persons.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Social and Welfare Statistics
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This dataset shows the fraction of any additional earnings that is lost to either higher taxes or lower benefits when an employed person increases their working hours. Data are presented from 2001 onwards.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Health Statistics
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This dataset includes statistics comparing different countries' level of health care use in terms of prevention, immunisation, screening, diagnostics exams, consultations, in-patient utilisation, average length of stay, diagnostic categories, acute care, in-patient care, discharge rates, transplants, dialyses, ICD-9-CM. The data is comparable with respect to units of measures such as days, percentages, population, number per capita, procedures, and available beds.
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Social and Welfare Statistics
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This dataset shows the working hours needed to exit poverty for a jobless family claiming Guaranteed Minimum Income benefits. Data are presented from 2001 onwards.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Health Statistics
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This dataset presents internationally comparable statistics on morbidity and mortality with variables such as life expectancy, causes of mortality, maternal and infant mortality, potential years of life lost, perceived health status, suicide, infant health, dental health, communicable diseases, cancer, injuries, and absences from work due to illness.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Health Statistics
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This dataset provides internationally comparable data on the revenues of health care financing schemes.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Social and Welfare Statistics
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The Detailed data dataset is a subset of the OECD Social Expenditure Database (SOCX) database, has been developed in order to serve a growing need for indicators of social policy. It includes extensive reliable and internationally comparable statistics on public and mandatory and voluntary private social expenditure. It provides a unique tool for monitoring trends in aggregate social expenditure and analysing changes in its composition. The main social policy areas are as follows: old age, survivors, incapacity-related benefits, health, family, active labor market programmes, unemployment, housing, and other social policy areas. The data is presented by country with the name of programme as a core variable. Data are expressed in current prices in national currency in millions terms and are presented from 1980 onwards.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Social and Welfare Statistics
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Comparable data on the distribution of household income provide both a point of reference for judging the performance of any country and an opportunity to assess the role of common drivers as well as drivers that are country-specific. They also allow governments to draw on the experience of different countries in order to learn "what works best" in narrowing income disparities, inequality and poverty. But achieving comparability in this field is also difficult, as national practices differ widely in terms of concepts (inequality), measures (GINI), and statistical sources. This database includes GINI and income inequality data; it replaces the datasets "Income distribution: inequality" (http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00199-en) and "Income distribution: poverty" (http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00200-en).
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Employment and Labour Market Statistics
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This dataset on remuneration of employment contains data on average annual wages per full-time and full-year equivalent employee in the total economy. Data are expressed in different units and are available starting from 1990.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Health Statistics
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This dataset focuses on the pharmaceutical market comparing countries in terms of sales and consumption.
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  • 18
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The potential of online learning for adults: Early lessons from the COVID-19 crisis
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: La crise du COVID‑19 a engendré une augmentation significative de l’apprentissage en ligne par les adultes. La plupart des formations qui avaient débuté en mode présentiel, dans une salle de classe, se sont poursuivies à distance. De plus, les travailleurs qui bénéficient du chômage partiel sont encouragés à mettre à profit leur temps libre en suivant de nouvelles formations. Ainsi, la crise constitue une occasion idéale pour évaluer tout ce que l’apprentissage en ligne peut apporter. Elle permet également de mettre à jour ses principales limites : la nécessité d’avoir au préalable des compétences numériques adaptées, un outil numérique et une connexion internet pour suivre une formation en ligne, la complexité de proposer un apprentissage pratique traditionnel en ligne, et les difficultés que rencontrent les enseignants habitués à la formation en classe. La présente synthèse examine comment l’apprentissage en ligne permet de proposer aux adultes de nouvelles occasions de se former et identifie certains problèmes majeurs mis en lumière par la crise. Résoudre ces difficultés pourrait contribuer à développer davantage l’apprentissage en ligne une fois la crise surmontée et à en rendre l’accès plus égalitaire.
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  • 19
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Greater harmonisation of clinical trial regulations would help the fight against COVID-19
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Ce document de synthèse porte sur les obstacles rencontrés dans la mise en place d’essais cliniques internationaux, lesquels sont essentiels dans la lutte contre la pandémie de COVID‑19. Il fournit des informations sur les adaptations qu’il conviendrait d’apporter aux exigences réglementaires pour accélérer les processus et souligne la nécessité d’harmoniser davantage les réglementations entre les différentes autorités de régulation nationales. À cette fin, la présente note s’appuie sur la Recommandation de l’OCDE relative à la gouvernance des essais cliniques publiée en 2012 et explique en quoi sa mise en œuvre pourrait sensiblement faciliter et rationaliser l’enregistrement et la conduite des essais cliniques internationaux.
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  • 20
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (13 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe What have platforms done to protect workers during the coronavirus (COVID 19) crisis?
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: La pandémie du COVID‑19 pose deux risques majeurs pour les travailleurs des plateformes : l’exposition au virus et la perte de revenu. Ces risques sont aggravés par un accès généralement moindre aux prestations par rapport aux individus occupant un emploi classique. La présente note examine les mesures prises par les entreprises des plateformes pour protéger la santé et les revenus des travailleurs qui les ont utilisées pendant la pandémie, et rend compte des points de vue des travailleurs des plateformes sur le caractère satisfaisant de ces mesures.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (29 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The world is facing an unprecedented multidimensional crisis that demands coherent policy responses. The COVID-19 crisis has further highlighted the vulnerability of several of our basic systems, including healthcare, social protection, education, value chains, production networks, financial markets, mass transit systems and ecosystems. This makes the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) even more relevant today as they aim to transform the systemic conditions that perpetuate the vulnerabilities of our societies and economies. Yet, the human, social and economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic may reverse the progress made in achieving the SDGs. As such, sustainable recovery, aligned with the SDGs, requires cross-sectoral actions and mechanisms to manage unavoidable trade-offs between short and long-term priorities, and between economic, social and environmental policy goals. This brief presents a policy coherence roadmap to support governments in ensuring a sustainable recovery from the COVID-19 crisis that does not come at the expense of progress towards the SDGs.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Combatir el efecto de COVID-19 en los niños
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)が子供に与える影響に対処する
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic is harming health, social and material well-being of children worldwide, with the poorest children, including homeless children and children in detention, hit hardest. School closures, social distancing and confinement increase the risk of poor nutrition among children, their exposure to domestic violence, increase their anxiety and stress, and reduce access to vital family and care services. Widespread digitalisation mitigates the education loss caused by school-closures, but the poorest children are least likely to live in good home-learning environments with internet connection. Furthermore, increased unsupervised on-line internet use has magnified issues around sexual exploitation and cyber-bullying. Immediate government measures need to ensure that children have access to good food, receive protection against child abuse and neglect, have continued access to child physical and mental health services, and can navigate safely on the internet. Policies also need to support parental employment since it is key to fighting child poverty.
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  • 23
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Apoio às pessoas e empresas para lidar com o vírus COVID-19: opções de respostas imediatas para o emprego e as políticas sociais
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Apoyar a las personas y las empresas para combatir el COVID-19: opciones para una respuesta inmediata en materia de empleo y política social
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The unfolding COVID-19 crisis is challenging people, households and firms in unprecedented ways. Many affected countries introduced or announced bold measures over the last days and weeks, often with a focus on supporting the most vulnerable who are bearing a disproportionate share of the burden. This note, and the accompanying policy table, contributes to evidence-sharing on the role and effectiveness of various policy tools.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Series Statement: As políticas públicas da OCDE para responder ao coronavírus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Supporting the financial resilience of citizens throughout the COVID-19 crisis
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Soutenir la résilience financière des citoyens pendant la crise du COVID-19
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: A pandemia da COVID-19 tem amplas implicações no tecido socioeconômico de todo o mundo. Esse cenário pode resultar em perda de renda, problemas para pagar as contas e para o cumprimento de outras obrigações financeiras, além do risco de se tornarem vítimas de golpes e fraudes. Formuladores de políticas públicas em todo o mundo precisam aumentar a consciência dos cidadãos sobre meios efetivos de mitigar o impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 e suas potenciais consequências de longo prazo no bem-estar e resiliência financeira da população.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (94 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Impacto territorial de la COVID-19: gestionar la crisis en todos los niveles de gobierno
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L’Impact territorial du Covid-19 : Gérer la crise entre niveaux de gouvernement
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: COVID-19 has governments at all levels operating in a context of radical uncertainty. The regional and local impact of the COVID-19 crisis is highly heterogeneous, with significant implications for crisis management and policy responses. This paper takes an in-depth look at the territorial impact of the COVID-19 crisis in its different dimensions: health, economic, social and fiscal. It provides examples of responses by national and subnational governments to help mitigate the territorial effects of the crisis, and offers ten takeaways on managing COVID-19’s territorial impact. Finally, the paper offers a forward looking perspective to discuss the crisis’ implications for multi-level governance as well as points for policy-makers to consider as they build more resilient regions.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p.)
    Series Statement: As políticas públicas da OCDE para responder ao coronavírus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe A framework to guide an education response to the COVID-19 Pandemic of 2020
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Un marco para orientar la respuesta en materia de educación a la pandemia de COVID-19 de 2020
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Este relatório tem por objetivo apoiar a tomada de decisões educacionais para desenvolver e implementar respostas efetivas de educação para a Pandemia da COVID-19. O relatório explica por que as necessárias medidas de isolamento social causarão uma disrupção na educação escolar por vários meses, na maioria dos países do mundo. Na ausência de uma estratégia intencional e eficaz para proteger as oportunidades para aprender durante este período, esta interrupção causará graves perdas de aprendizado para os alunos. O relatório propõe que os líderes dos sistemas e organizações educacionais desenvolvam planos para a continuidade da educação por meio de modalidades alternativas, durante o período de isolamento social necessário. Também oferece um quadro de áreas a serem cobertas por tais planos. Com base em uma rápida avaliação das necessidades educacionais e respostas que surgiram em noventa e oito países, o relatório identifica as necessidades cruciais que devam ser abordadas nesses planos, assim como as áreas passíveis de enfrentar maiores problemas de implementação. Examina também as respostas educativas de vários países à crise. Com base em uma análise dos dados da mais recente aplicação do PISA, o relatório também descreve os desafios enfrentados por vários sistemas educacionais para depender da educação online como uma modalidade alternativa.
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  • 27
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)へのOECD政策対応
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Workforce and safety in long-term care during the COVID-19 pandemic
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: 新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)危機により長期介護(long-term care, LTC)部門が注目を集めている。高齢者とその介護従事者は、COVID-19の大流行の被害を不当に被っている。多くのOECD諸国では、感染の拡大を封じ込め、弱者への影響を緩和する対策を講じている。しかし、この医療危機によりLTC部門が以前から抱えている構造上の問題が浮き彫りになり、さらに悪化している。介護従事者の労働条件は厳しい。さらにスキルのミスマッチ、他の医療部門との連携不足、また安全基準が不適切またはその実施が不十分という問題がある。今後に向け、適切な労働条件で介護の質と安全を優先させ、妥当なレベルの訓練を受けた職員を確保するには、LTCの労働力とインフラに対する投資を増やすことが求められる。
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  • 28
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Biodiversity and the economic response to COVID-19: Ensuring a green and resilient recovery
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cette synthèse met l’accent sur le rôle vital de la biodiversité pour la vie humaine, et sur la nécessité d’intégrer les considérations relatives à la biodiversité à la reprise au sortir de la crise du COVID‑19. Elle commence par souligner que l’appauvrissement de la biodiversité fait partie des principaux facteurs d’émergence des maladies infectieuses, et qu’il fait courir de plus en plus de risques aux entreprises, à la société et à l’économie mondiale. L’investissement dans la préservation, l’utilisation durable et la restauration de la biodiversité peut aider à faire face à ces risques, tout en créant des emplois, des opportunités commerciales et d’autres avantages pour la société. Cette synthèse indique ensuite comment les gouvernements prennent en compte la biodiversité dans leurs mesures de relance et leurs plans de redressement, en mettant en lumière les tendances et les bonnes pratiques. Pour conclure, elle présente des recommandations d’action visant à améliorer la prise en compte de la biodiversité dans les mesures de relance et les efforts de redressement plus généraux face à la crise du COVID‑19.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Gérer les migrations internationales dans le contexte du COVID-19
    Keywords: Migrationspolitik ; Internationale Migration ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Coronavirus ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This brief assesses migration policy reactions by OECD countries in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. It reviews the introduction and development of short-term policy responses from March to early June and identifies some of the possible forthcoming medium and longer-term challenges to migration management arising from this global health crisis.
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  • 30
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p.)
    Series Statement: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe A framework to guide an education response to the COVID-19 Pandemic of 2020
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Um roteiro para guiar a resposta educacional à Pandemia da COVID-19 de 2020
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: El objetivo de este informe es reforzar la toma de decisiones en el área de la educación, para así desarrollar y poner en marcha respuestas educativas eficaces a la pandemia de COVID-19. En él se explica por qué las medidas de aislamiento social necesarias interrumpirán durante varios meses la educación presencial en la mayoría de los países del mundo. De no establecerse una estrategia deliberada y eficaz para proteger las oportunidades de aprendizaje durante dicho periodo, la interrupción mencionada provocará graves pérdidas para los estudiantes en términos de aprendizaje.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Supporting the financial resilience of citizens throughout the COVID-19 crisis
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Apoiando a resiliência financeira dos cidadãos durante a crise da COVID-19
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: La pandémie du COVID-19 a des répercussions socio-économiques considérables partout dans le monde. Outre les craintes pour leur santé, les citoyens sont confrontés à une multitude d’aléas financiers liés à la fermeture temporaire d’entreprises, d’écoles et d’établissements publics et aux quarantaines, ainsi qu’à l’instabilité des marchés boursiers et aux incertitudes liées au revenu de retraite. Cettesituation peut entraîner des pertes de revenu, des difficultés à payer ses factures et à honorer d’autres obligations financières, ainsi que le risque d’être victime d’escroqueries et de fraudes. Les responsables de l’action publique dans le monde entier doivent sensibiliser davantage les citoyens aux moyens efficaces d’atténuer l’impact de la pandémie de COVID-19 et ses conséquences potentielles à long terme sur leur résilience et leur bien-être financiers. En tenant compte des contextes nationaux, les gouvernements pourraient envisager les mesures initiales suivantes.
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  • 32
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 p.)
    Series Statement: 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)へのOECD政策対応
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Strengthening online learning when schools are closed: The role of families and teachers in supporting students during the COVID-19 crisis
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: 新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)危機により、世界中の教育制度は対面指導に代わる新たな手段を見出すよう迫られている。その結果、オンライン指導・学習は、かつてない規模で教員と生徒に活用されるようになった。全面的であれ地域限定であれロックダウンは、ワクチンが行き渡るようになるまでは感染拡大の新たな波を抑え込む手段として再び必要となる可能性があることから、各国政府は、オンライン学習の有効性を最大限引き出せる政策を明らかにすることが何より重要である。本稿は、通常の対面授業が行えない場合にオンライン教育の潜在力を最大限活かす上で生徒の学習態度が果たす役割を検証するものである。特に、こうした状況下では、生徒がこの重要な学習態度を身に着けるのを手助けする保護者と教員の役割が欠かせないことから、保護者の負担を減らし、教員と学校がデジタル学習を最大限活かせるよう、的を絞った政策介入を設計する必要がある。
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (27 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The brief explains what containment and mitigation measures are, why there is a need to adopt a package of measures to enhance their overall impact, and then presents evidence on the relative effectiveness of each main measure, drawing from previous episodes of epidemic outbursts, largely to inform on a possible exit strategy once the virus is under control.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Shock cultura: COVID-19 e settori culturali e creativi
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Kultursektor ; Kreativsektor ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cultural and creative sectors are important in their own right in terms of their economic footprint and employment. They also spur innovation across the economy, as well as contribute to numerous other channels for positive social impact (well-being and health, education, inclusion, urban regeneration, etc.). They are among the hardest hit by the pandemic, with large cities often containing the greatest share of jobs at risk. The dynamics vary across sub-sectors, with venue-based activities and the related supply chains most affected. Policies to support firms and workers during the pandemic can be ill-adapted to the non-traditional business models and forms of employment in the sector. In addition to short-term support for artists and firms, which comes from both the public and private sector, policies can also leverage the economic and social impacts of culture in their broader recovery packages and efforts to transform local economies.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (44 p.)
    Series Statement: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)が子供に与える影響に対処する
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Combatting COVID-19's effect on children
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: La pandemia de COVID-19 daña la salud y el bienestar social y material de los niños en todo el mundo, y los más pobres, incluidos los niños sin hogar y aquellos en centros de detención, son los más afectados. Los cierres de escuelas, el distanciamiento social y el confinamiento aumentan el riesgo de que los niños sufran desnutrición y sean expuestos a violencia doméstica, elevan su ansiedad y su estrés, y reducen su acceso a servicios familiares y de cuidado esenciales. La digitalización generalizada mitiga la pérdida en materia de educación debida al cierre de las escuelas, pero los niños más pobres tienen menos probabilidades de vivir en buenos entornos de aprendizaje en el hogar con conexión a Internet. Además, el mayor uso de Internet sin supervisión incrementó en alto grado los problemas relacionados con la explotación sexual y el ciberacoso.
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (36 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 若者と新型コロナウイルス感染症: 対策、復興と危機対応能力
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The COVID-19 global health emergency and its economic and social impacts have disrupted nearly all aspects of life for all groups in society. People of different ages, however, are experiencing its effects in different ways. Based on survey findings from 90 youth organisations from 48 countries, this policy brief outlines practical measures governments can take to design inclusive and fair recovery measures that leave no one behind.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Plus d'un tiers des Africains de l'Ouest n'ont pas d'installations pour se laver les mains à la maison
    Keywords: Sanitäre Einrichtung ; Hygiene ; Infektionsschutz ; Westafrika ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Handwashing is one of the top preventive measures recommended to reduce the spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19). However, current levels of handwashing with soap are generally low across the region. Monitoring handwashing behaviour is difficult but the presence of soap and water at a designated place is generally used as a proxy indicator.
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  • 38
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (12 p.)
    Series Statement: 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)へのOECD政策対応
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Aprender a distancia cuando las escuelas cierran: ¿Cuán bien están preparados los estudiantes y las escuelas? Enseñanzas de PISA
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Learning remotely when schools close: How well are students and schools prepared? Insights from PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: コロナウイルス危機により学校が次々と閉鎖される中(2020年3月末時点で140か国以上)、オンライン学習の機会の地位が教科課程外のおまけから、教育にとって必須のライフラインへと上昇している。
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (55 p.)
    Series Statement: As políticas públicas da OCDE para responder ao coronavírus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les mesures adoptées par les villes face au COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Respuestas políticas de las ciudades al COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 新型コロナウィルス(COVID-19)への都市の政策対応
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Cities policy responses
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Essa nota foi desenvolvida pelo Centro de Empreendedorismo, PME’s, Regiões e Cidades da OCDE (CFE) em colaboração com o Grupo de Trabalho da OCDE para Política Urbana e a Iniciativa da OCDE de prefeitos (as) campeões (ães) para o crescimento inclusivo. É uma versão atualizada da publicada em 27 de março, a qual amplia os exemplos das medidas adotadas por cidades para responder a COVID-19 e fornece análises sobre problemas relacionados a impacto econômico, densidade, resiliência e colaboração com governos nacionais. As respostas de curto e médio prazo das cidades estão organizadas em seis categorias i) distanciamento social; ii) locais de trabalho e deslocamentos; iii) grupos vulneráveis; iv) prestação de serviços locais; v) apoio às empresas; e vi) comunicação, sensibilização e ferramentas digitais. A nota também inclui novas informações sobre como as cidades estão progressivamente saindo do confinamento e sobre as lições aprendidas em termos de densidade, mobilidade e digitalização. Esta nota conclui com orientações de ações direcionadas à reconstrução de cidades melhores, se apoiando nos trabalhos prévios de resiliência urbana. O anexo A fornece informações mais detalhadas sobre as iniciativas das cidades inventariadas. O anexo B mapeia esforços de organizações e redes locais selecionadas para coletar respostas das cidades e fomentar o conhecimento e o compartilhamento de experiências. Esse é um documento em evolução que terá sua próxima versão liberada ao fim de junho.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (97 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les mesures adoptées par les villes face au COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Respuestas políticas de las ciudades al COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 新型コロナウィルス(COVID-19)への都市の政策対応
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Políticas de reposta das cidades
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: This note is an update of the earlier versions released on 27 March and 13 May. It provides analysis on issues related to the economic, social and environmental impacts, lessons learned in terms of digitalisation, mobility, density, urban design and collaborative governance, and action-oriented guidance to build back better cities, building on previous work on urban resilience.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)のパンデミックが移民とその子どもたちに与える影響
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Both the experience from previous economic crises and first indications on labour market and social outcomes during the current pandemic suggest that the COVID‑19 crisis is likely to have a disproportionate impact on immigrants and their children. This policy brief provides first evidence on how the pandemic has affected immigrants and their children in terms of health, jobs, education, language training and other integration measures, and public opinion, and describes host countries’ policy responses. It complements a previous brief on the impact of the pandemic on migration management.
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  • 42
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (11 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Contribution of migrant doctors and nurses to tackling COVID-19 crisis in OECD countries
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cet exposé général s’intéresse à la contribution des médecins et des infirmiers migrants aux systèmes de santé de l’OCDE et à la manière dont les pays de l’OCDE ont adapté leurs approches de la reconnaissance des diplômes étrangers afin de faire appel à des médecins et des infirmiers supplémentaires formés à l’étranger face à l’épidémie de COVID-19. Il met également en évidence les éventuelles répercussions sur les pays d’origine de ces travailleurs, qui rencontraient déjà, pour certains, de graves pénuries de professionnels de santé qualifiés avant la pandémie de COVID-19, et souligne la nécessité d’une réponse globale à la pénurie mondiale de personnels de santé.
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  • 43
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe More than one-third of West Africans have no handwashing facility at home
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Le lavage des mains est une mesure essentielle de prévention pour limiter la propagation du coronavirus (COVID-19). Cependant, les taux de lavage des mains au savon sont globalement faibles dans la région. S’il est difficile de suivre directement cette pratique, la présence d’eau et de savon à un endroit donné est couramment utilisée comme indicateur indirect.
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.)
    Series Statement: 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)へのOECD政策対応
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Supporting livelihoods during the COVID-19 crisis: Closing the gaps in safety nets
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: 社会的保護の提供には、従来から不十分な部分があったが、新型コロナウイルス危機によってそれがあらわになっている。雇用者が罹患したり、労働時間が短縮されたり、失業したりした結果、有給病気休暇制度や短時間勤務制度、失業給付の適用が開始された。
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (2 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Making Africa healthy
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 46
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: This policy brief focuses on how to ensure that a gender lens is well-integrated through response, recovery, and prevention efforts to COVID-19 in development co-operation. In the context of COVID-19, how can OECD countries and other development providers improve the quality of their policies and practices for gender equality, as well as raise investments in gender equality in key sectors? Development partners will need to identify challenges and areas of risk brought about by the pandemic, as well as integrate concerns for gender equality into decision making around issues ranging from economic stimulus packages to redoubling financing and improving policies and practices across a range of sectors. This approach also implies ensuring women’s representation in leadership and decision making at every level when responding to the COVID-19 crisis. This policy brief provides some arguments for why a gender-responsive recovery to COVID-19 is essential for sustainable and inclusive growth, and initial guidance for making improvements in the area of gender equality and development.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 若者と新型コロナウイルス感染症: 対策、復興と危機対応能力
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Youth and COVID-19: Response, recovery and resilience
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Governance
    Abstract: La situation d’urgence sanitaire mondiale liée au COVID-19 et ses conséquences économiques et sociales ont bouleversé presque tous les aspects de la vie de l’ensemble des groupes qui composent la société. Toutefois, en fonction des âges, chaque population ressent ces effets de différentes manières. Sur la base des résultats d’une enquête réalisée auprès de 90 organisations de jeunesse établies dans 48 pays, cette synthèse passe en revue les mesures pratiques que les pouvoirs publics peuvent appliquer pour concevoir des politiques de relance inclusives et équitables ne négligeant aucune partie de la population.
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789264870413
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Keywords: Wirtschaftliche Sicherheit ; Wirtschaftliche Instabilität ; Politische Instabilität ; Soziale Stabilität ; Stabilität ; Öffentliche Meinung ; Vergleich ; EU-Staaten ; Israel ; Lateinamerika ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: What worries people across Latin America, North America, Israel and Europe? How do attitudes towards governments’ provision of social protection differ cross-nationally? A collaboration between the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Latin American Public Opinion Project (LAPOP) illustrates how views of economic risk and government effectiveness vary across the Americas and Europe. This report finds that economic discontent is global, as many respondents of both the OECD’s Risks that Matter and LAPOP’s AmericasBarometer surveys say that their country’s economic situation is worse than it was last year, and that public satisfaction with government is low. More than half of all respondents in the OECD and Latin American countries studied in this report say that government is failing to incorporate their views in social policy design and reform.
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  • 49
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (28 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Job retention schemes during the COVID-19 lockdown and beyond
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Les dispositifs de maintien dans l’emploi comptent parmi les principaux instruments auxquels nombre de pays de l’OCDE ont eu recours pour atténuer les répercussions, sur le marché du travail et sur le plan social, de la crise liée à la COVID-19. En mai 2020, 50 millions d’emplois environ en bénéficiaient à l’échelle de ces pays, soit dix fois plus que lors de la crise financière mondiale de 2008-09. S’ils ont permis d’éviter une flambée du chômage grâce à l’allègement des coûts salariaux, ces dispositifs sont aussi venus alléger les difficultés financières et soutenir la demande globale en préservant le revenu de ceux qui travaillent à horaire réduit. À l’avenir, les pouvoirs publics devront veiller à ce que les dispositifs de maintien dans l’emploi ne soient pas réduits trop rapidement, favorisant ainsi la suppression d’emplois viables, ou trop lentement, devenant alors un obstacle à la reprise économique. Lorsque la situation sanitaire et économique s’améliorera, il conviendra de mieux cibler les dispositifs de maintien dans l’emploi sur les emplois viables mais risquant d’être supprimés, et de privilégier l’accompagnement des travailleurs susceptibles de perdre leur emploi plutôt que la protection de ces emplois.
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  • 50
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 学校閉鎖期間中のオンライン学習の拡充:新型コロナウイルス感染症危機時の生徒支援における家族と教員の役割
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The COVID-19 crisis has forced education systems worldwide to find alternatives to face-to-face instruction. As a result, online teaching and learning have been used by teachers and students on an unprecedented scale. Since lockdowns – either massive or localised - may be needed again in the future to respond to new waves of the infection until a vaccine becomes available, it is of utmost importance for governments to identify which policies can maximise the effectiveness of online learning. This policy brief examines the role of students’ attitudes towards learning in maximising the potential of online schooling when regular face-to-face instruction cannot take place. Since parents and teachers play a fundamental role in supporting students to develop these crucial attitudes, particularly in the current situation, targeted policy interventions should be designed with the aim of reducing the burden on parents and help teachers and schools make the most of digital learning.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Reconstruire le tourisme de demain : réponses des pouvoirs publics au COVID-19 et reprise
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Tourismuswirtschaft ; Tourismuspolitik ; Welt ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The outlook for the tourism sector remains highly uncertain. The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic continues to hit hard, with international tourism expected to decrease by around 80% in 2020. Domestic tourism is helping to soften the blow, at least partially, and governments have taken impressive immediate action to restore and re-activate the sector, while protecting jobs and businesses. Many countries are also now developing measures to build a more resilient tourism economy post COVID-19. These include preparing plans to support the sustainable recovery of tourism, promoting the digital transition and move to a greener tourism system, and rethinking tourism for the future. Rebuilding tourism for the future.
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  • 52
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.)
    Series Statement: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Testing for COVID-19: A way to lift confinement restrictions
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19検査:外出制限措置を解除するために
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Testando para a COVID-19: Uma maneira de flexibilizar as restrições do confinamento
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Esta nota analiza el papel de las pruebas para la detección del coronavirus (COVID-19) como parte de la estrategia para levantar las restricciones de confinamiento y prepararse para un posible nuevo brote de infecciones virales. Si se levantan todas las restricciones antes de que se desarrolle una vacuna o tratamientos eficaces, sin otras medidas para suprimir nuevos contagios, se espera que la tasa de contagio repunte rápidamente. Una supresión rápida de los contagios requeriría realizar pruebas de diagnóstico a una mayor cantidad de personas para identificar quién está contagiado, hacer un seguimiento para asegurarse de que la enfermedad no se propague más, y rastrear a las personas con las que han estado en contacto.
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  • 53
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (27 p.)
    Series Statement: 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)へのOECD政策対応
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Treatments and a vaccine for COVID-19: The need for coordinating policies on R&D, manufacturing and access
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: 本稿では、新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)を引き起こすウイルス、SARS-CoV-2に対するワクチンと感染症の治療方法を、世界中で必要とする人々が公平に利用できるようにするために必要な政策について論じ、現在の研究開発パイプラインにおけるワクチンと治療薬の候補について概略を提示している。そして、国際協力の必要性についても論じ、臨床研究の初期相の範疇に含まれない3つの重要な問題に焦点を当てている。その問題の1つ目は、最も見込みのある研究開発プロジェクトの早急な完了を優先し、パンデミックが弱まったからといって研究を途中で止めてしまわないようにするためにプル機構(pull mechanisms)が必要だということである。2つ目は、どの候補が成功するかわかる前に大規模な生産能力を構築しなければならないということである。これは特に、ワクチンをタイムリーかつ大規模に生産するために重要で、適切なプル機構を設計することでうまく達成できる。3つ目の問題は、知的財産権と調達を管理するルールを今すぐ設定し、安価に十分な量を供給して公平な入手を確保する必要があるということである。
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les dispositifs de maintien dans l’emploi pendant la période de confinement de la crise du COVID-19 et au-delà
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Job retention (JR) schemes have been one of the main policy tools used by a number of OECD countries to contain the employment and social fallout of the COVID-19 crisis. By May 2020, JR schemes supported about 50 million jobs across the OECD, about ten times as many as during the global financial crisis of 2008-09. By reducing labour costs, JR schemes have prevented a surge in unemployment, while they have mitigated financial hardship and buttressed aggregate demand by supporting the incomes of workers on reduced working time. Looking forward, governments need to be vigilant to ensure that JR schemes are not downscaled too quickly, and allow viable jobs to be destroyed, or too slowly, and become an obstacle to the economic recovery. When the health and economic situation improves, JR support needs to be better targeted to jobs that are viable but at risk of being terminated and place a greater focus on supporting workers at risk of becoming unemployed rather than their jobs.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p.)
    Series Statement: As políticas públicas da OCDE para responder ao coronavírus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Testing for COVID-19: A way to lift confinement restrictions
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19検査:外出制限措置を解除するために
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Realizar pruebas para la detección de la COVID-19: Una forma de levantar las restricciones de confinamiento
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Esse resumo de políticas discute o papel da testagem para COVID-19 como parte de qualquer plano para a suspensão do confinamento e para preparar para uma possível nova onda de infecções virais. O documento discute quais testes podem ser usados para cada objetivo, assim como problemas para a implementação prática de estratégias de testagem, incluindo as oportunidades e riscos do uso de ferramentas digitais nesse contexto.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: As políticas públicas da OCDE para responder ao coronavírus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Garantizar la privacidad de datos mientras luchamos contra el COVID-19
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Ensuring data privacy as we battle COVID-19
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Embora as medidas excepcionais implementadas ou previstas em alguns países possam mostrar-se, finalmente, eficazes na limitação da propagação do vírus, algumas abordagens têm se mostrado controversas em termos de risco de violação àprivacidade e outros direitos fundamentais dos cidadãos, especialmente quando essas medidas carecem de transparência ou não são objeto de ampla consulta à população.
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  • 57
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 新型コロナウイルス感染症の治療方法とワクチン: 研究開発、製造、使用に関する政策調整の必要性
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Arzneimittel ; Impfung ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Technologiepolitik ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This brief discusses policies needed to ensure equitable and universal access by all those in need globally to future vaccines for SARS-Cov-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, and treatments for the disease. It provides a snapshot of the vaccine and drug candidates in the current R&D pipeline. It then discusses the need for international co-operation to focus on three critical issues which are beyond the initial phases of clinical research. First, there is a need for pull mechanisms to incentivise the swift completion of the most promising R&D projects, and avoid that they are abandoned mid-way should the pandemic subside. Second, large-scale manufacturing capacity has to be built even before we know which candidates will be successful. This is particularly important for vaccines to ensure timely production of a large number of doses needed,and could also be achieved through designing appropriate pull mechanisms. Third, rules need to be set now to manage intellectual property rights and procurement to ensure equitable access, affordability and supply in sufficient quantities.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (34 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Leitlinien zu den Verrechnungspreisfolgen der COVID-19-Pandemie
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Guidance on the transfer pricing implications of the COVID-19 pandemic
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation ; Economics
    Abstract: En réponse à la crise COVID-19, un certain nombre d’administrations fiscales ont déjà publié des directives nationales adressant certaines des conséquences de COVID-19 sur les prix de transfert. Bien qu’il s’agit d’une première étape importante de fournir des instructions pratiques aux attentes des contribuables, de faciliter la coopération en matière de respect des obligations fiscales et d’améliorer la sécurité juridique en matière fiscale, la nature double des prix de transfert signifie que ce n’est qu’en acceptant une approche commune que les administrations fiscales peuvent accroître la sécurité juridique en matière fiscale. Ce guide clarifie et illustre l’application pratique du principe de pleine concurrence tel qu’il est énoncé dans les Principes de l’OCDE applicables en matière de prix de transfert aux défis uniques et spécifiques de la pandémie de COVID-19. Ce guide se concentre sur quatre questions prioritaires : (i) l’analyse de la comparabilité; (ii) les pertes et la répartition des coûts spécifiques à la crise du COVID-19; iii) les programmes d’aide publique; et iv) les accords préalables en matière de prix de transfert (APP). Ce guide a été élaborées et approuvées par les 137 membres du Cadre inclusif sur le BEPS de l’OCDE et du G20 (Cadre inclusif). S’il est reconnu que certains pays en développement membres du Cadre inclusif peuvent également suivre le Manuel pratique des Nations Unies sur les prix de transfert pour les pays en développement (2017), ce guide sera utile dans les circonstances où le Manuel des Nations Unies suit un cadre analytique similaire et arrive à des conclusions similaires à celles des Principes de l’OCDE applicables en matière de prix de transfert.
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  • 59
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (9 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How best to communicate on migration and integration in the context of COVID 19
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Dans le contexte de la pandémie de COVID-19, une stratégie de communication efficace sur les migrations et l’intégration a permis aux pays d’atteindre d’importants objectifs d’action. Premièrement, pour limiter la propagation du virus, les pouvoirs publics doivent fournir à toutes les catégories de la population, y compris aux immigrés, des informations actualisées et précises sur la pandémie, les mesures de santé publique qui sont prises et l’accès aux services médicaux. Deuxièmement, pour assurer la continuité des processus migratoires et d’intégration, les pouvoirs publics doivent communiquer efficacement sur les changements d’orientation stratégique qui concernent les droits et les obligations des immigrés. Troisièmement, des campagnes de communication à l’intention du grand public peuvent être utiles pour combattre les préjugés sur les immigrés en lien avec la propagation du virus. La présente synthèse examine les défis qui se posent aujourd'hui et les bonnes pratiques en vigueur concernant la communication sur les migrations et l’intégration dans le contexte de la pandémie, en s’appuyant sur des exemples de campagnes de communication mises en œuvre dans les pays membres de l’OCDE en 2020.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (14 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: This briefing paper focuses on innovation in development and humanitarian efforts in the context of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Following an exploration of the overall role of innovation in the COVID-19 response, it examines innovation efforts underway in international development and humanitarian responses to the pandemic, how well these efforts are working, and how they might need to be enhanced to address pressing health, social and economic challenges, as well as to secure societies’ long-term resilience.
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  • 61
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.251
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria
    Abstract: While income inequality in Austria is relatively low compared to many other OECD countries, social mobility lags behind. Socio-economic outcomes carry over strongly from one generation to the next: more than elsewhere, fathers’ earnings are a strong predictor of the earnings of their prime-age children. This reflects strong persistence across generations in occupational and educational outcomes, particularly for women and migrants. Relative income positions also tend to strongly persist over people’s lives, in particular at the top and bottom. Meanwhile, the middle-income group is polarising, with downward risks rising for the lower middle. Longer-term earnings trajectories (over 15 years) display marked gender differences, with women facing weaker chances of moving up and greater risks of sliding down. This paper identifies policies that promote or hamper social mobility in four domains. First, good-quality early childhood education and care can be a catalyst for upward mobility. Participation rates have significantly risen over the last decade, but still lag those in many OECD countries. Further investment is needed to improve quality and status of formal childcare. Second, tackling low educational mobility in Austria requires ensuring a successful school-to-work transition. Austria provides targeted support for those who struggle, but it could improve funding for disadvantaged schools and consider the appropriateness of "tracking" students at such a young age. Third, reducing gender inequality in the labour market would greatly improve social mobility. This requires raising incentives for a more equal sharing of family and work responsibilities in the areas of tax policy, parental leave and family and care benefits. Fourth, the Austrian tax and benefit system provides comparatively adequate protection against income shocks. The high concentration of household wealth, combined with the absence of inheritance taxation, however implies that inequalities of opportunity remain large.
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Parceria Social nos tempos da Pandemia COVID-19
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Sozialpartner ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic and the social distancing measures taken in response raise the prospect of a steep downturn for numerous economies. A key concern is to prevent this initial shock from turning into an even deeper and prolonged recession. This brief stresses that social dialogue has the capacity to help. For example by shaping compromises whereby employers maintain jobs, workers accept shorter working hours while governments provide compensation, social dialogue functions as a crisis “circuit breaker”. Social dialogue can do so because it has both the capacity to coordinate different actors and because it tends to build trust. The brief illustrates this by referring to several recent cases where social partners, in collaboration with government, have quickly stepped up to the challenge by expanding short time work systems. The Global Deal partnership is pleased to offer its initial contribution to the struggle to address the COVID-19 crisis in the form of this short brief and the best practice examples of social dialogue that it showcases.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe El COVID-19 y la conducta empresarial responsable
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19 und verantwortungsvolles unternehmerisches Handeln
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Corporate Social Responsibility ; Unternehmensethik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This note, prepared by the OECD Centre for Responsible Business Conduct, reviews the challenges the COVID-19 crisis presents for business behaviour and outlines initial responses by governments and companies. It describes the rationale and method for adopting a responsible business conduct approach to address the crisis and sets down the potential short-term and long-term benefits of such an approach.
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  • 64
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (26 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.253
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Previous OECD reports have concluded that disability policy has changed substantially in many OECD countries in recent decades. Nevertheless, large employment gaps remain between people with a disability and those without. This paper builds on earlier OECD analysis and recent extensions to OECD’s tax-benefit model (http://oe.cd/TaxBEN) for selected countries. The paper aims to assess the adequacy of income support programmes for people with reduced work capacity and their related work incentives. It describes how the system characteristics of these programs shape labour-market behaviour and employment. The paper finds evidence that the broader institutional setup of a disability programme does not necessarily have a major impact on key aspects of social-protection effectiveness. All types of scheme can achieve reasonable levels of benefit adequacy and broad benefit coverage for people with work limitations. However, design specifics matter considerably for people’s likelihood of (re-)employment.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (44 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This policy paper was developed by the OECD Regulatory Policy Division with inputs from behavioural practitioners and policy makers in the International COVID-19 Behavioural Insights and Policy Group. It discusses from a regulatory governance perspective why behavioural insights (BI) should be considered as part of a holistic response to the COVID-19 pandemic, what governance challenges involved in deploying BI against the pandemic, and how some countries have responded to these challenges. Reflecting on these challenges and opportunities allows governments to promote resiliency by preparing the BI field for future crises.
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  • 66
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (13 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 学校閉鎖期間のリモート学習に対する生徒と学校の備え:PISA調査結果より
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Aprender a distancia cuando las escuelas cierran: ¿Cuán bien están preparados los estudiantes y las escuelas? Enseñanzas de PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: As school after school shuts down in the face of the Covid-19 crisis (in now more than 140 countries), online learning opportunities have been elevated from a bonus extracurricular facility to a critical lifeline for education.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Un marco para orientar la respuesta en materia de educación a la pandemia de COVID-19 de 2020
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Um roteiro para guiar a resposta educacional à Pandemia da COVID-19 de 2020
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report aims at supporting education decision making to develop and implement effective education responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic. The report explains why the necessary social isolation measures will disrupt school-based education for several months in most countries around the world. Absent an intentional and effective strategy to protect opportunity to learn during this period, this disruption will cause severe learning losses for students.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: As políticas públicas da OCDE para responder ao coronavírus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Social partnership in the times of the COVID-19 Pandemic
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: A pandemia da COVID-19 e as medidas de distanciamento social que foram adotadas em resposta aumentam as perspectivas de uma forte desaceleração para numerosas economias. O informe ilustra esse fato, referindo-se a vários casos recentes em que os parceiros sociais, em colaboração com o governo, rapidamente se mostraram à altura do desafio, ampliando esquemas de trabalho de curta duração. A parceria Global Deal contribui à luta para enfrentar a crise da COVID-19 por meio dessa breve análise e dos exemplos de melhores práticas de diálogo social que ela apresenta.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 新型コロナウイルス感染症のパンデミック期における長期介護の労働力と安全性
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Häusliche Pflege ; Pflegeheim ; Pflegeberufe ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This paper features the long-term care sector, its workforce and infrastructure in light of the COVID-19 crisis.
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  • 70
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.)
    Series Statement: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Apoio às pessoas e empresas para lidar com o vírus COVID-19: opções de respostas imediatas para o emprego e as políticas sociais
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Supporting people and companies to deal with the COVID-19 virus: Options for an immediate employment and social-policy response
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: La crisis del COVID-19 plantea desafíos sin precedentes para personas, hogares y empresas. En los últimos días y semanas, muchos países afectados han introducido o anunciado medidas audaces, a menudo enfocadas en el apoyo a los más vulnerables que soportan una parte desproporcionada de la carga. Esta nota y el cuadro de políticas que la acompaña contribuyen al intercambio de pruebas sobre el papel y la eficacia de diversos instrumentos de política.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Öffentliche Sozialleistungen ; Subvention ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic call for urgent policy responses to support households and firms alike, but how this support is designed will be critical in ensuring that it does not result in enduring global market distortions. Support packages that are time-limited, targeted, cash-based, and consistent with longer-term objectives are the basis for ensuring a sustainable recovery. Transparency of support packages is critical for public trust, but also once the crisis is over in order to foster accountability and enable governments to learn from what worked best.
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This brief discusses the different approaches by governments during the pandemic to using regulatory management tools, including regulatory impact assessments, stakeholder engagement and ex post evaluation, and how they have ensured robust regulatory oversight when regulating through emergency procedures in response to the COVID-19 crisis. It also examines the long-term challenges for regulatory policy as we emerge from the crisis, with a clear need to improve resilience.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (22 p.)
    Series Statement: Antworten der OECD auf das Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe El COVID-19 y la conducta empresarial responsable
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19 and responsible business conduct
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Dieses Papier des OECD Centre for Responsible Business Conduct gibt einen Überblick über die Herausforderungen der COVID-19-Krise für das unternehmerische Handeln und skizziert erste Reaktionen staatlicher Stellen und Unternehmen. Es beschreibt, inwiefern verantwortungs­volles unternehmerisches Handeln zur Bewältigung der Krise beitragen kann und stellt die möglichen kurz- und langfristigen Vorteile eines solchen Vorgehens heraus.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Managing international migration under COVID-19
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: La présente note étudie les mesures migratoires prises par les pays de l’OCDE en réponse à la pandémie du COVID‑19. Elle examine l’adoption et la mise en œuvre de mesures de court terme entre mars et début juin et recense certains des défis que pourrait poser la gestion des migrations à moyen et à long terme en raison de la crise sanitaire mondiale.
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  • 75
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (37 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Allgemeinbildende Schule ; Bildungschancen ; Schüler ; Coronavirus ; Schulbesuch ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: A holistic approach to education – that addresses students’ learning, social and emotional needs – is crucial, especially in times of crisis. School closures related to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic mean that students from diverse backgrounds who are more at risk of increased vulnerability are less likely to receive the support and extra services they need, and the gap between students that experience additional barriers and that do not might widen. Closures can also have considerable effects on students’ sense of belonging to schools and their feelings of self-worth – these are key for inclusion in education. This Policy Brief describes OECD Member Countries’ initiatives to address the different needs of vulnerable students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Beyond school closures, it also examines the issue of school re-openings by presenting countries’ current measures and providing policy pointers aimed to ensure that the pandemic does not further hinder the inclusion of vulnerable students in education systems.
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 p.)
    Series Statement: 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)へのOECD政策対応
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Testing for COVID-19: A way to lift confinement restrictions
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Testando para a COVID-19: Uma maneira de flexibilizar as restrições do confinamento
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Realizar pruebas para la detección de la COVID-19: Una forma de levantar las restricciones de confinamiento
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: この報告書では、外出制限措置を解除しウイルス感染の第二波に備えるための改革の一環としてのCOVID-19検査の役割について論じている。ワクチンまたは有効な治療法が開発される前に新規の感染を抑える措置を何も採らずにすべての外出制限措置が解除されると、感染率は再び急上昇すると予測されている
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  • 77
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.)
    Series Statement: 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)へのOECD政策対応
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe What is the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immigrants and their children?
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: 過去の経済危機の経験に加え、現在のコロナ危機の初期に労働市場および社会に生じた帰結は、新型コロナウイルスによる危機が移民とその子どもたちに不当に大きな影響を与える可能性が高いことを示している。本稿は、パンデミックが健康、仕事、教育、語学訓練やその他社会統合策、そして世論の面で、移民やその子どもたちにどのような影響を与えたかを示す初めての実証を提供しており、受入国の政策対応についても記載している。本稿は、移民管理に関する2020年6月の論文の補足である (OECD, 2020)。
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19 and key workers: What role do migrants play in your region?
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Les périodes de confinement dues à la crise du COVID-19 ont mis en évidence la place importante qu’occupent souvent les immigrés dans les secteurs qui sont essentiels au bon fonctionnement de notre vie quotidienne. S’appuyant sur cette expérience, la présente note évalue dans 31 pays européens le rôle que jouent à l’échelon régional les travailleurs nés à l’étranger dans les services essentiels (appelés les travailleurs essentiels issus de l’immigration). Elle examine leur part dans les marchés du travail régionaux, leur importance dans les emplois exigeant des qualifications différentes, et les écarts selon qu’ils sont originaires ou non de l’UE. Les travailleurs immigrés contribuent grandement au secteur de la santé, 23 % des médecins et 14 % du personnel infirmier étant nés à l’étranger. Dans les métropoles comme Londres ou Bruxelles, près de la moitié du personnel médical et infirmier est issue de l’immigration. Dans l’ensemble, les régions des capitales affichent la part la plus élevée de travailleurs essentiels issus de l’immigration (20 %). De la même façon, les grandes agglomérations font davantage appel à cette catégorie de la main-d'oeuvre que d’autres territoires, notamment dans les professions peu qualifiées, où la part des travailleurs immigrés s’élève à 25 %.
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (169 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Mittelstandspolitik ; KMU ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This note is developed by the OECD Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities (CFE). It examines how SMEs are likely to be affected by the current coronavirus epidemic, reports on early evidence and estimates about the impact, and provides a preliminary inventory of country responses to foster SME resilience.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Sozialwirtschaft ; Coronavirus ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The “social economy” has played an important role in addressing and mitigating the short- and long-term impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on economy and society. In the short term, social economy actors have assisted the recovery from the crisis by providing innovative solutions that are aimed at strengthening public services to complement government action. In the long term, social economy organisations can help reshape the post-crisis economy by promoting inclusive and sustainable economic models. Relying on decades of experience, its specific features and underlying principles, the social economy can inspire models of social innovation and a sense of purpose to firms operating in the market economy.
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  • 81
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19 crisis in the MENA region: impact on gender equality and policy responses
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cette note dresse un état des conséquences de la pandémie du COVID-19 sur les inégalités entre les hommes et les femmes dans la région MENA; il recense les mesures et les initiatives prises dans ce domaine par les gouvernements, le secteur privé et la société civile pour atténuer l’impact de la crise sur les femmes. Il montre que la crise du COVID-19 est unmoment décisif pour l’affirmation de l’égalité femmes-hommes dans la région MENA, et une opportunité de repenser le rôle des femmes dans l’économie et la société. La reprise économique de la région sur le long terme dépendra de sa capacité à mobiliser pleinement le potentiel des femmes comme des hommes qui y vivent.
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (21 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe コロナウイルス危機下の生活支援:セーフティネットの不足を補う
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This policy brief discusses the measures countries have taken to support the livelihoods of those who cannot access unemployment benefits or short-term work schemes. It examines the raft of new programmes introduced across the OECD and beyond, including means-tested assistance, new cash transfer schemes, and direct support for those struggling to meet their expenses. It also discusses how to close social protection gaps beyond the crisis to ensure inclusive growth post-COVID-19.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (20 p.)
    Series Statement: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19 and responsible business conduct
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID-19 und verantwortungsvolles unternehmerisches Handeln
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Esta nota, preparada por el Centro de la OCDE para la Conducta Empresarial Responsable, revisa los desafíos de la crisis del COVID-19 frente al comportamiento empresarial y la respuesta de los gobiernos y las empresas; describe los fundamentos y el método para adoptar un enfoque de conducta empresarial responsable frenta al COVID-19; y explica los posibles beneficios a corto y largo plazo de tal enfoque.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (31 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Leitlinien zu den Verrechnungspreisfolgen der COVID-19-Pandemie
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Guide sur les conséquences de la pandémie de COVID-19 en matière de prix de transfert
    Keywords: Coronavirus ; Verrechnungspreis ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation ; Economics
    Abstract: In response to the COVID-19 crisis, a number of tax administrations have already published domestic guidance on some of the transfer pricing implications of COVID-19. While this is an important first step in setting taxpayer expectations, facilitating co-operative compliance and delivering greater tax certainty, the two-sided nature of transfer pricing means that it is only by agreeing a common approach that tax administrations can enhance tax certainty. This Guidance clarifies and illustrates the practical application of the arm’s length principle as articulated in the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines to the unique fact patterns and specific challenges implied by the COVID-19 pandemic. Four priority issues were identified and are covered in the Guidance: (i) comparability analysis; (ii) losses and the allocation of COVID-19 specific costs; (iii) government assistance programmes; and (iv) advance pricing agreements (“APAs”). This Guidance was developed and approved by the 137 members of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS. While it is recognised that some Inclusive Framework members may also follow the United Nations Practical Manual on Transfer Pricing for Developing Countries (2017), this Guidance should be helpful in such circumstances where the UN Manual follows a similar analytical framework and allows for similar conclusions as the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines.
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This OECD COVID-19 policy brief, a product of the Open and Innovative Government Division (OIG) of the Public Governance Directorate of the OECD, examines how and to what extent the crisis has served as a catalyst for government transformation. It draws these observations and analysis from over 400 cases and initiatives captured in the OECD’s COVID-19 Innovative Responses Tracker. The brief explores the effect on governments of the crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, through a number of steps, drawing on several international examples of how governments have responded in innovative ways by using digital technologies, open data and citizen engagement. It makes observations of the crisis and how governments have responded, explores what those responses might mean or suggest, and, finally, looks at the implications for government transformation.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (23 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Mehr als Eindämmung: Antworten der OECD-Gesundheitssysteme auf COVID-19
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Coronavirus ; Epidemie ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Health systems are facing the most serious global pandemic crisis in a century. The main focus of this brief is on the policies aimed at providing effective care and managing the pressure on health systems.
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  • 87
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (40 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.252
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Czech Republic ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Italy ; Korea, Republic of ; Slovak Republic ; Spain ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: Social protection systems use a range of entitlement criteria. First-tier support typically requires contributions or past employment in many countries, while safety net benefits are granted on the basis of need. In a context of volatile and uncertain labour markets, careful and continuous monitoring of the effectiveness of income support is a key input into an evidence-based policy process. This paper proposes a novel empirical method for monitoring the accessibility and levels of safety net benefits. It focusses on minimum-income benefits (MIB) and other non-contributory transfers and relies on data on the amounts of cash support that individuals in need receive in practice. Results show that accessibility and benefit levels differ enormously across countries – for instance, in 2015/16, more than four out of five low-income workless one-person households received MIB in Australia, France and the United Kingdom, compared to only one in five in Greece, Italy and Korea, three countries that have since sought to strengthen aspects of safety-net provisions.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p.)
    Series Statement: 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)へのOECD政策対応
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Combatir el efecto de COVID-19 en los niños
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Combatting COVID-19's effect on children
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: 新型コロナウイルス(COVID-19)のパンデミックは、世界の子供の健康面、社会面、経済面の健全性を脅かしている。ホームレスや施設に入所している子供など、最貧困層の子供への影響が最も深刻である。学校閉鎖、ソーシャルディスタンシング、外出禁止によって、子供が栄養不足になったり、家庭内暴力にさらされたりするリスクと、不安やストレスが高まり、必要不可欠な家族支援や養護サービスが受けにくくなっている.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe コロナウイルス危機との闘いの前線にいる女性たち
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic is harming health, social and economic well-being worldwide, with women at the centre. First and foremost, women are leading the health response: women make up almost 70% of the health care workforce, exposing them to a greater risk of infection. At the same time, women are also shouldering much of the burden at home, given school and child care facility closures and longstanding gender inequalities in unpaid work. Women also face high risks of job and income loss, and face increased risks of violence, exploitation, abuse or harassment during times of crisis and quarantine. Policy responses must be immediate, and they must account for women’s concerns. Governments should consider adopting emergency measures to help parents manage work and caring responsibilities, reinforcing and extending income support measures, expanding support for small businesses and the self-employed, and improving measure to help women victims of violence. Fundamentally, all policy responses to the crisis must embed a gender lens and account for women’s unique needs, responsibilities and perspectives.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Testing for COVID-19: How to best use the various tests?
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Même avec les récentes nouvelles prometteuses sur le développement de vaccins, une stratégie de dépistage, suivi, traçage et isolement (PSTI) rapide et à grande échelle continue d'être essentielle dans la réponse des politiques de santé publique à la pandémie de COVID‑19. Cette note met à jour une note antérieure de l'OCDE sur ces stratégies, à la lumière des développements récents des technologies de dépistage. Les tests moléculaires, et en particulier par RT-PCR, demeurent la référence pour identifier les infections car ils sont très fiables. Mais les contraintes de capacité et le coût relativement élevé de la RT-PCR limitent son utilisation à grande échelle. Les tests antigéniques rapides, plus récents, offrent l'avantage de produire des résultats beaucoup plus rapidement. Ils sont également moins chers, plus simples à utiliser et peuvent être réalisés au point d’accès, permettant ainsi leur utilisation à très grande échelle. Cependant, ils sont moins fiables que les tests moléculaires. Pour atteindre leurs objectifs, les stratégies de dépistage peuvent combiner différentes technologies et les utiliser de manière complémentaire, en tenant compte de leurs atouts et limites respectives.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe COVID‑19 dans la région MENA : impact sur les inégalités de genre et réponses apportées en soutien aux femmes
    Keywords: Frauen ; Gleichberechtigung ; Weibliche Arbeitskräfte ; Coronavirus ; MENA-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This brief takes stock of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gender equality in the region and highlights gender-sensitive measures and initiatives taken by governments, the private sector and civil society to mitigate the impact of the crisis on women. It asserts that the COVID-19 crisis is a watershed moment for gender equality in the MENA region and an opportunity to rethink women’s role in the economy and society. The region’s long-term recovery will depend on its ability to fully leverage the potential of both its men and women.
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  • 92
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 p.)
    Series Statement: Medidas políticas clave de la OCDE ante el coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 学校閉鎖期間のリモート学習に対する生徒と学校の備え:PISA調査結果より
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Learning remotely when schools close: How well are students and schools prepared? Insights from PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: A medida que las escuelas cierran ante la crisis de COVID-19 (en más de 140 países ahora), las oportunidades de aprendizaje en línea, consideradas como un recurso extraescolar adicional, se convirtieron en una cuerda de salvamento fundamental para la educación. Las oportunidades que las tecnologías digitales ofrecen son mucho más que una solución provisional para utilizarse durante la crisis. La tecnología digital nos permite encontrar respuestas del todo nuevas a lo que las personas aprenden, cómo aprenden, dónde aprenden y cuándo lo hacen. La tecnología puede facilitar a los profesores y a los estudiantes el acceso a materiales especializados que trascienden los libros de texto, en múltiples formatos y en formas que puedan atravesar el tiempo y el espacio. Junto con los grandes profesores, los sistemas inteligentes de aprendizaje en línea no solo nos enseñan ciencia; son capaces de observar a la vez cómo estudiamos, cómo aprendemos ciencias...
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: Italian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (57 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Culture shock: COVID-19 and the cultural and creative sectors
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: I settori culturali e creativi sono importanti per il loro impatto su economia e occupazione. Esse stimolano inoltre l'innovazione in tutta la sfera economica e contribuiscono a numerosi altri canali per un impatto sociale positivo (benessere e salute, istruzione, inclusione, rigenerazione urbana, ecc.). Rappresentano settori tra i più colpiti dalla pandemia, con la maggior parte dei posti di lavoro a rischio concentrati nelle grandi città. Le dinamiche variano da un sotto-settore all'altro, con le attività legate ad eventi e luoghi fisici (venue-based) e le relative catene di approvvigionamento che risultano tra le più colpite. Le politiche di sostegno alle imprese e ai lavoratori adottate durante la pandemia possono non essere adeguate ai modelli imprenditoriali e occupazionali non tradizionali che caratterizzano il settore. Oltre al sostegno a breve termine per artisti e imprese, che proviene sia dal settore pubblico sia da quello privato, le politiche possono anche valorizzare la cultura all’interno degli interventi per la ripresa e degli sforzi per trasformare le economie locali.
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  • 94
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p.)
    Series Statement: As políticas públicas da OCDE para responder ao coronavírus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Apoyar a las personas y las empresas para combatir el COVID-19: opciones para una respuesta inmediata en materia de empleo y política social
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Supporting people and companies to deal with the COVID-19 virus: Options for an immediate employment and social-policy response
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: O avanço da COVID-19 impõe desafios sem precedentes para pessoas, famílias e empresas. A contenção da pandemia e proteção das pessoas é a principal prioridade. Não obstante, cadeias de suprimentos interrompidas, medidas de contenção que limitam as interações econômicas e sociais e a queda da demanda, colocam em risco o emprego e os meios de subsistência das pessoas. Faz-se mister responder à crise com políticas sociais e de estímulo ao emprego. Reduzir a exposição dos trabalhadores à COVID-19 no local de trabalho e garantir o acesso a auxílio de renda para trabalhadores doentes e em quarentena é essencial. Pais que trabalham precisam de ajuda para lidar com necessidades de cuidado imprevistas diante do o fechamento de escolas e da particular vulnerabilidade de parentes idosos. Regimes de trabalho em horário reduzido podem ajudar a proteger os empregos e proporcionar alívio às empresas em dificuldades, conforme evidenciado durante a última crise financeira e econômica. Os trabalhadores que perdem seus empregos e fontes de renda, incluindo aqueles em modalidades de trabalho informal, precisam de auxilio à rendimento. Como as empresas sofrem uma queda acentuada na demanda, o rápido apoio financeiro por meio de doações ou créditos pode ajudá-las a suprir as lacunas de liquidez. Muitos países afetados introduziram ou anunciaram medidas ambiciosas nos últimos dias e semanas, muitas vezes com foco no apoio aos mais vulneráveis, que foram incumbidos com uma parcela desproporcional do ônus. Esta nota e a tabela de políticas anexa contribuem para o compartilhamento de evidências sobre o papel e a eficácia de várias ferramentas de políticas.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (105 p.)
    Series Statement: Les réponses de l’OCDE face au coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Impacto territorial de la COVID-19: gestionar la crisis en todos los niveles de gobierno
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The territorial impact of COVID-19: Managing the crisis across levels of government
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Le COVID-19 amène tous les niveaux de gouvernement à travailler dans un contexte d’incertitude totale. Cette crise a des incidences locales et régionales très hétérogènes, ce qui a des conséquences importantes au regard de la gestion de crise et de l’action des pouvoirs publics. Le présent document examine l’impact territorial de la crise du COVID-19 dans ses différentes dimensions : sanitaire, économique, social et budgétaire. Il présente des exemples de mesures prises par les gouvernements aux niveaux national et infranational pour atténuer cet impact territorial, et propose dix axes d'action. Enfin, il examine les perspectives d’avenir en étudiant les répercussions de la crise au regard de la gouvernance pluri-niveaux, ainsi que les éléments devant être pris en compte par les responsables de l’action publique pour renforcer la résilience des régions.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les possibilités de l’apprentissage en ligne pour les adultes : premiers enseignements de la crise du COVID-19
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The COVID‑19 crisis has resulted in a significant increase in online learning by adults. Much of the training that had started as face-to-face in classroom environments has been pursued online. Furthermore, individuals are being encouraged to use the time freed up by short-time work schemes to take up new training. As such, the crisis provides a powerful test of the potential of learning online. It also highlights its key limitations, including the prerequisite of adequate digital skills, computer equipment and internet access to undertake training online, the difficulty of delivering traditional work-based learning online, and the struggle of teachers used to classroom instruction. This brief discusses the potential of online learning to increase adult learning opportunities and identifies some key issues that the crisis has highlighted. Addressing these issues could contribute to expanding online learning provision in the post-crisis period and to making it more inclusive.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Un monde plus violent ?
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (1 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Dare to share
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Closing the gender gap: Have we reached the tipping point?
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Social and Welfare Statistics
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The OECD Family Indicators database was developed to provide cross-national indicators on family outcomes and family policies across the OECD countries, its enhanced engagement partners and EU member states. The database brings together information from various national and international databases, both from within the OECD and from external organisations. The database classifies indicators into four main dimensions: (i) structure of families, (ii) labour market position of families, and (iii) public policies for families and children (iv) child outcomes
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