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  • 2010-2014  (34)
  • 2010  (34)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (34)
  • Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden
  • Science and Technology  (34)
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  • 2010-2014  (34)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    L' éco-innovation dans l'industrie : favoriser la croissance verte (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264079557
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (308 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Eco-Innovation in Industry; Enabling Green Growth
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Eco-Innovation in Industry: Enabling Green Growth
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Industrie ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Umweltschutz ; Unternehmen ; Innovation ; Ökoeffizienz
    Abstract: L’éco-innovation sera un élément essentiel des efforts consentis par l’industrie pour parer au changement climatique et parvenir à une « croissance verte » dans l’ère post-Kyoto. Elle appelle une adoption plus rapide des percées technologiques et une application plus générale des solutions existantes, y compris non technologiques. Par ailleurs, elle fournit l’occasion d’impliquer de nouveaux acteurs, de développer de nouveaux secteurs d’activité et d’accroître la compétitivité. La restructuration des économies sera impérative dans les décennies à venir. Cet ouvrage présente les recherches et analyses conduites au cours de la première phase du Projet de l’OCDE sur la production durable et l’éco-innovation. Il a pour objet de fournir des outils d’évaluation comparative de la durabilité de la production et de stimuler l’éco-innovation moyennant une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes de l’innovation. Il passe en revue les concepts et forme un cadre d’analyse ; il décrit la nature de l’éco-innovation et ses processus ; il examine les indicateurs existants de la durabilité de la production ; il étudie les méthodologies applicables à la mesure de l’éco-innovation ; et il fait le point sur les stratégies nationales et initiatives des pouvoirs publics concernant l’éco-innovation. Pour de plus amples informations sur les travaux de l’OCDE dans ce domaine, veuillez consulter www.oecd.org/sti/innovation/green . La publication L’éco-innovation dans l’industrie : favoriser la croissance verte est un volet de la Stratégie de l’OCDE pour l’innovation, stratégie globale destinée à mettre l’innovation au service d’une croissance et d’un développement plus vigoureux et plus durables, et à répondre aux grands enjeux de société du XXIème siècle. Pour de plus amples informations sur la Stratégie de l’OCDE pour l’innovation, veuillez consulter www.oecd.org/innovation/strategie . L’ éco-innovation dans l’industrie : favoriser la croissance verte s’intègre également à la Stratégie de l’OCDE pour une croissance verte, qui aidera les pouvoirs publics des pays membres et non-membres de l’OCDE à identifier les politiques propices à une croissance et à un développement économiques propres, économes en ressources et émettant peu de carbone. Pour de plus amples informations sur la Stratégie de l’OCDE pour une croissance verte, veuillez consulter www.oecd.org/croissanceverte.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264079557-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms, Volume 4 : OECD Consensus Documents (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264096158
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 p.)
    Series Statement: Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Safety assessment of transgenic organisms ; Vol. 4
    RVK:
    WG 3450
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Transgene Pflanzen ; Umweltgefährdung ; Risikoanalyse
    Abstract: The books on “Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms” constitute a compilation of the OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents. When published, Volume 1 and 2 contained the documents issued before 2006; Volume 3 and 4 are a continuation of the compilation up to 2010. The OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents identify elements of scientific information used in the environmental safety and risk assessment of transgenic organisms which are common to OECD member countries and some non members associated with the work. This is intended to encourage information sharing, promote harmonised practices, and prevent duplication of effort among countries. These books offer ready access to those consensus documents which have been issued on the website thus far. As such, it should be of value to applicants for commercial uses of transgenic organisms (crops, trees, microorganisms), to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities, as well as the wider scientific community. More information on the OECD's work related to the biosafety of transgenic organisms is found at BioTrack Online (http://www.oecd.org/biotrack).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264096158-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Economic and Social Role of Internet Intermediaries (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.171
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: As the Internet has grown to permeate all aspects of the economy and society, so too has the role of Internet intermediaries that give access to, host, transmit and index content originated by third parties or provide Internet-based services to third parties. They enable a host of activities through both wired and increasingly, mobile technologies. Internet access intermediaries and hosting and data processing providers provide the platform for new, faster, and cheaper communication technologies, for innovation and productivity gains, and for the provision of new products and services. As to online e-commerce intermediaries, they have brought unprecedented user and consumer empowerment through greater information, facilitating product and price comparisons and creating downward pressure on prices or, in the case of auction platforms, meeting supply and demand and creating new markets. Search engines, portals and participative networked platforms for their part facilitate access to an unparalleled wealth of information, as well as providing opportunities for new innovative activities and social interactions.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kmh79zzs8vb-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Are the New Millennium Learners Making the Grade? : Technology Use and Educational Performance in PISA 2006 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076044
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Series Statement: Educational Research and Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Using data from PISA 2006, this book analyzes to what extent investments in technology enhance educational outcomes. One of the most striking findings of this study is that the digital divide in education goes beyond the issue of access to technology. A new second form of digital divide has been identified: the one existing between those who have the right competencies to benefit from computer use, and those who do not. These competencies and skills are closely linked to the economic, cultural and social capital of the student. This finding has important implications for policy and practice. Governments should make an effort to clearly convey the message that computer use matters for the education of young people and do their best to engage teachers and schools in raising the frequency of computer use to a level that becomes relevant. If schools and teachers are really committed to the development of 21st century competencies, such an increase will happen naturally. And only in these circumstances will clear correlations between technology use and educational performance emerge.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076044-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mesurer l'innovation : Un nouveau regard (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264084421
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Measuring Innovation; A New Perspective
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Measuring Innovation: A New Perspective
    Keywords: Education ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Schulleistungsmessung ; Erziehungsziel
    Abstract: Mesurer l’innovation: Un nouveau regard propose de nouveaux outils de mesure ainsi qu’une nouvelle perspective sur les indicateurs classiques. Cette publication se fonde sur les cinquante années d’expérience de l’OCDE dans l’élaboration d’indicateurs, pour aller au-delà de la R-D et décrire le contexte plus large dans lequel s’inscrit l’innovation. Elle présente des indicateurs expérimentaux qui renseignent sur de nouveaux domaines d’action des pouvoirs publics. Elle met aussi en évidence les lacunes du dispositif de mesure et propose des solutions pour y remédier. Cette publication commence par décrirel’innovation aujourd’hui. Elle examine les facteurs qui incitent les entreprises à innover et montrent comment la convergence, l’interdisciplinarité et la nouvelle géographie des pôles d’innovation transforment le paysage de la science et de la recherche. Cette publication élargit la panoplie d’outils de mesure de l’innovation, en utilisant par exemple de nouveaux indicateurs sur les investissements dans les actifs immatériels et sur les marques déposées. Le capital humain étant au cœur de l’innovation, une série d’indicateurs vise à rendre compte de la contribution des systèmes d’enseignement au socle de la connaissance et de la recherche. D’autres séries montrent comment les entreprises transforment les compétences et le savoir. A l’aide d’exemples concrets concernant les grands enjeux planétaires tels la santé ou le changement climatique, ces séries éclairent aussi les différents rôles des investissements publics et privés pour encourager l’innovation et en récolter les fruits. Mesurer l’innovation marque une étape importante dans l’évolution vers l’élaboration de politiques d’innovation étayées par des données concrètes. Cette publication complète les indicateurs « de positionnement » classiques par de nouveaux outils qui soulignent comment l’innovation est, ou pourrait être, liée à la politique menée. Elle constate également qu’il reste encore beaucoup à faire et met en évidence les tâches qui doivent retenir l’attention des statisticiens, chercheurs et décideurs en matière de mesure de l’innovation. Pour en savoir plus La Stratégie de l’OCDE pour l’innovation : Pour prendre une longueur d’avance
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264084421-fr
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation: Catalonia, Spain 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264082052
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Catalonia, Spain
    RVK:
    QG 520
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Katalonien ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Spain ; Katalonien ; Innovationsförderung
    Abstract: This review of regional innovation assesses how to improve Catalonia's current strategy and actions in order to boost its innovation system through both its own programmes and those of Spain and the European Union. It finds that with over seven million inhabitants and a GDP of around EUR 204 billion, Catalonia is not only an important region within Spain, but within the OECD as well. Indeed, its economic output is similar to countries like Portugal and Norway. The region experienced massive population growth over the past decade, due to immigration, which in part drove GDP growth. However, Catalonia’s productivity is slipping, relative to other OECD regions, necessitating the transition to a productivity-driven growth model through a stronger regional innovation system. The region has successfully strengthened its research base, with investments in R&D having increased four-fold over the past decade. Catalonia is now mobilising actors across the innovation system in regional centres, such as Barcelona, to improve productivity and address social challenges.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264082052-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Information and Communication Technology Sector in India : Performance, Growth and Key Challenges (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.174
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; India
    Abstract: apid growth in globally competitive Indian information technology services has helped to transform the Indian economy.
    DOI: 10.1787/5km4k7mf6b41-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International Mobile Roaming Services : Analysis and Policy Recommendations (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 58 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.168
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The first report on international mobile roaming services (“International Mobile Roaming Charging in the OECD Area”, DSTI/ICCP/CISP(2009)8/FINAL), provided information on market development and pricing of International Mobile Roaming Services (IMRS) in the OECD area. It found prices to be unreasonably high, considering the underlying costs, and identified some of the causes for high roaming prices. High wholesale charges, the fact that consumers do not seem to take into account roaming services when choosing a bundled mobile offer, lack of contestability and low consumer awareness of roaming prices and of substitutes were found to be among the reasons for this price level. This report is a follow-up that proposes solutions to the described problems, and assesses their viability and possible side effects.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kmh7b6zs5f5-en
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Améliorer l'efficacité du secteur de la santé : Le rôle des technologies de l'information et des communications (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264084636
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur les politiques de santé
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving Health Sector Efficiency; The Role of Information and Communication Technologies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving Health Sector Efficiency: The Role of Information and Communication Technologies
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Informationstechnik
    Abstract: Malgré les perspectives qu’elle laisse entrevoir, la mise en œuvre des technologies de l’information et des communications (TIC) dans le domaine des soins cliniques s’est révélée difficile. Des investissements publics considérables se soldent par des succès notables, mais également des retards et des échecs dont on a beaucoup parlé : voilà le bilan qui se dégage de plus d’une dizaine d’années d’efforts. Il a en outre manqué une prise de conscience générale, dans le grand public comme dans le monde médical, des avantages qu’offrent les TIC pour la tenue des dossiers médicaux et l’échange d’informations. Faute d’informations suffisantes sur ces questions au plan international, l’OCDE s’est inspirée des conclusions d’études de cas réalisées en Australie, au Canada, en Espagne, aux États-Unis, aux Pays-Bas et en Suède pour recenser les possibilités d’application des TIC et analyser les conditions dans lesquelles ces technologies sont les plus à même de favoriser l’amélioration de l’efficience et de la qualité des soins. Les conclusions de ce rapport révèlent un certain nombre de pratiques ou de stratégies qui pourraient être utiles pour améliorer et accélérer l’adoption et l’utilisation des TIC dans le secteur de la santé.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264084636-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Symposium on Opportunities and Challenges in the Emerging Field of Synthetic Biology : Synthesis Report (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264086265
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p)
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The international symposium entitled “Opportunities and Challenges in theEmerging Field of Synthetic Biology” was held in July 2009 in Washington, DCunder the auspices of the United States National Academies, the Organisationfor Economic Co-operation and Development and the Royal Society.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264086265-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Inspired by Technology, Driven by Pedagogy : A Systemic Approach to Technology-Based School Innovations (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264094437
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Series Statement: Educational Research and Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    DI 4000
    RVK:
    DP 2600
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Schule ; Neue Technologie ; Strukturwandel
    Abstract: This report highlights key issues to facilitate understanding of how a systemic approach to technology-based school innovations can contribute to quality education for all while promoting a more equal and effective education system. It focuses on the novel concept of systemic innovation, as well as presenting the emerging opportunities to generate innovations that stem from Web 2.0 and the important investments and efforts that have gone into the development and promotion of digital resources. It also shows alternative ways to monitor, assess and scale up technology-based innovations. Some country cases, as well as fresh and alternative research frameworks, are presented.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264094437-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Eco-Innovation in Industry : Enabling Green Growth (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264077225
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie ; favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie : favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Eco-innovation in industry
    RVK:
    AR 28300
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Industrie ; Innovationsmanagement ; Umwelttechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Industrie ; Nachhaltigkeit ; OECD
    Abstract: Eco-innovation will be a key driver of industry efforts to tackle climate change and realise “green growth” in the post-Kyoto era. Eco-innovation calls for faster introduction of breakthrough technologies and for more systemic application of available solutions, including non-technological ones. It also offers opportunities to involve new players, develop new industries and increase competitiveness. Structural change in economies will be imperative in coming decades. This book presents the research and analysis carried out during the first phase of the OECD Project on Sustainable Manufacturing and Eco-innovation. Its aim is to provide benchmarking tools on sustainable manufacturing and to spur eco-innovation through better understanding of innovation mechanisms. It reviews the concepts and forms an analytical framework; analyses the nature and processes of eco-innovation; discusses existing sustainable manufacturing indicators; examines methodologies for measuring eco-innovation; and takes stock of national strategies and policy initiatives for eco-innovation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264077225-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    PISA Computer-Based Assessment of Student Skills in Science (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264082038
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report documents the initial step towards an electronically-delivered Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) test pioneered by Denmark, Iceland and Korea. In 2006, the PISA assessment of science included for the first time a computer-based test. The results discussed in this report highlight numerous challenges and encourage countries to take the work further. PISA Computer-Based Assessment of Student Skills in Science describes how the 2006 survey was administered, presents 15-year-olds’ achievement scores in science and explains the impact of information communication technologies on both males’ and females’ science skills. While males outperformed females on the computer-based test in all three countries, females in Iceland and males in Denmark performed better than their counterparts on the paper-and-pencil test. The evidence shows that, overall, males are more confident and use computers more frequently. While females tend to use the Internet more for social networking activities, males tend to browse the Internet, play games and download software. Readers will also learn how students reacted to the electronic questionnaire and how it compared with pencil-and-paper tests. In general, there were no group differences across test methods buts students enjoyed the computer-based test more than the paper-and-pencil test.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264082038-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Good Governance for Digital Policies: How to Get the Most Out of ICT : The Case of Spain's Plan Avanza (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264031104
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Good governance for digital policies
    Keywords: Wissensgesellschaft ; Informationstechnik ; Digitale Spaltung ; Technologiepolitik ; Spanien ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Spain
    Abstract: Plan Avanza, Spain’s national Information Society strategy, has created a strong momentum for furthering information society (IS) policy in Spain, mobilising close to EUR 9 billion over four years from national, sub-national and non‑governmental stakeholders. But what have these important investments contributed to wider societal goals such as public sector modernisation and increasing citizens’ trust in government; creating job opportunities and preparing a future work force for a competitive, globalised economy; supporting economic reform; improving citizens’ welfare and promoting equity? This report takes inventory of the Plan’s main achievements thus far and its remaining challenges for the future, reflecting on how its next phase (2010-2015) can best serve society. In particular, the report looks at how Plan Avanza has helped integrate citizens, business and the public administration into the knowledge economy. It identifies areas on which Spain should continue to work: convergence with EU and OECD countries’ levels of access to and use of ICT; growth of the ICT sector; and development of e-government services. The experiences of Spain and other OECD countries suggest that building a strong policy and governance framework is key for the success of IS policies. Indeed, to increase the impact of IS strategies policy makers must continuously look for ways to improve the performance of these frameworks. This can include identifying potential co‑ordination gaps between stakeholders and leveraging existing institutions; ensuring that policy sequencing contributes to strategic objectives; strengthening funding mechanisms and incentive structures for stakeholders; and improving evaluation and oversight. Using Plan Avanza as a case study, this study highlights the importance of each of these factors in maximizing the impact, and improving cost-effectiveness, of IS strategies in times of growing fiscal constraints.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264031104-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    La stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'innovation : Pour prendre une longueur d'avance (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264084759
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The OECD Innovation Strategy; Getting a Head Start on Tomorrow
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The OECD Innovation Strategy: Getting a Head Start on Tomorrow
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Innovation ; Strategische Planung ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: Innover au moment opportun et de manière ciblée stimule la productivité, favorise la croissance économique et aide à résoudre les problèmes de société. Mais comment les gouvernements peuvent-ils encourager davantage de personnes à innover et accroître le temps consacré à l’innovation ? Et comment rendre les administrations elles-mêmes plus innovantes ? La Stratégie de l’OCDE pour l’innovation propose un ensemble de principes visant à encourager l’innovation par les individus (aussi bien dans le cadre de leur travail qu’en tant que consommateurs), dans les entreprises et au sein des administrations. Elle examine en profondeur l’évolution de l’innovation, son ampleur, sa géographie et ses modalités. À partir de recherches et de données récentes, elle propose un large cadre d’action en faveur de l’innovation. Pour en savoir plus Mesurer l’innovation : Un nouveau regard
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264084759-fr
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimiser les dépenses de santé (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264088832
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur les politiques de santé
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Value for Money in Health Spending
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Gesundheitsausgaben ; Reform ; Kostendämpfung
    Abstract: Les dépenses de santé continuent d’augmenter inexorablement, et ce à un rythme plus rapide que celui de l’économie dans la plupart des pays de l’OCDE. L’essentiel de ces dépenses est financé publiquement. Face au récent ralentissement économique, les pays cherchent les moyens d’améliorer l’efficience des dépenses de santé. La présente publication examine les efforts actuellement déployés pour améliorer l’efficience des soins et passe en revue un certains nombres d’ outils de nature à permettre aux systèmes de santé d’optimiser l’utilisation des ressources en offrant des soins de qualité : rémunération selon la performance, coordination des soins, évaluation des technologies de santé, politiques de prix et de remboursement des médicaments, et technologies de l’information et de la communication.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264088832-fr
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Value for Money in Health Spending (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264088818
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Optimiser les dépenses de santé
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Value for money in health spending
    RVK:
    QX 705
    Keywords: Gesundheitskosten ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Gesundheitsausgaben ; Reform ; Kostendämpfung
    Abstract: Health spending continues to rise inexorably, growing faster than the economy in most OECD countries. Most of this spending comes from the public purse. Given the recent economic downturn, countries are looking for ways to improve the efficiency of health spending. This publication examines current efforts to improve health care efficiency, including tools that show promise in helping health systems provide the best care for their money, such as pay for performance, co-ordination of care, health technology assessment and clinical guidelines, pharmaceutical re-imbursement and risk-sharing agreements, and information and communication technology.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264088818-en
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  • 18
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    News in the Internet Age : New Trends in News Publishing (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264088702
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als News in the internet age
    DDC: 070.4
    RVK:
    AP 17600
    RVK:
    AP 18420
    Keywords: 1950-2009 ; Informationsmarkt ; Presseerzeugnis ; Presseverlag ; Innovation ; Elektronische Publikation ; Internet ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Zeitung ; Internet ; Wertschöpfung
    Abstract: The economics of news production and distribution is in a state of radical change. After very profitable years, newspaper publishers in most OECD countries face declining advertising revenues and significant reductions in titles and circulation. About 20 out of 30 OECD countries face declining newspaper readership, which is now at its lowest among younger people. At the same time, many promising forms of news creation and distribution are being tested. Some of these are empowered by increasing technological sophistication, new information intermediaries and the resulting decentralised forms of content creation. However, despite these new possibilities, no business and/or revenue-sharing models have been found to finance in-depth independent news production. This raises questions about the supply of high-quality journalism in the longer term and roles that government support might take in supporting a diverse and local press without putting its independence at stake. This study provides an in-depth treatment of the global newspaper publishing market and its evolution, with a particular view on the development of online news and related challenges.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264088702-en
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  • 19
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    Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms, Volume 3 : OECD Consensus Documents (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264095434
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 p.)
    Series Statement: Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Safety assessment of transgenic organisms ; Vol. 3
    RVK:
    WG 3450
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Transgene Pflanzen ; Umweltgefährdung ; Risikoanalyse
    Abstract: The books on “Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms” constitute a compilation of the OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents. When published, Volume 1 and 2 contained the documents issued before 2006; Volume 3 and 4 are a continuation of the compilation up to 2010. The OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents identify elements of scientific information used in the environmental safety and risk assessment of transgenic organisms which are common to OECD member countries and some non members associated with the work. This is intended to encourage information sharing, promote harmonised practices, and prevent duplication of effort among countries. These books offer ready access to those consensus documents which have been issued on the website thus far. As such, it should be of value to applicants for commercial uses of transgenic organisms (crops, trees, microorganisms), to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities, as well as the wider scientific community. More information on the OECD's work related to the biosafety of transgenic organisms is found at BioTrack Online (http://www.oecd.org/biotrack).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264095434-en
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  • 20
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    Internet Addressing: Measuring Deployment of IPV6 : Measuring Deployment of IPV6 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 48 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.172
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: One of the major challenges for the future of the Internet is its ability to scale to connect billions of people and devices. A key part of scalability is the Internet Protocol (IP). The Internet Protocol specifies how communications take place between one device and another through an addressing system. Each device must have an IP address in order to communicate. However, the currently used version of the Internet Protocol, IPv4, is expected to run out of previously unallocated addresses in 2012. IPv4 addresses are nearing full allocation, with just 8% of addresses remaining in March 2010.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kmh79zp2t8w-en
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  • 21
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    Developments in Cable Broadband Networks (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.170
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The position of cable operators within the pay TV market has changed drastically in recent years. Although video service remains core to the cable industry’s business model, cable TV’s market share has been dropping significantly with intense competition from direct broadcast satellite services (DBS), Internet protocol Television (IPTV) services, digital terrestrial television services (DTT) and finally from over-the-top (OTT) service providers that supply video over an existing data connection from a third party. Cable still has a strong market position for video, particularly because of its existing relationships with content providers but the market is likely to become more competitive as other substitutable offers become available over a range of media.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kmh7b0s68g5-en
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  • 22
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    Improving Health Sector Efficiency : The Role of Information and Communication Technologies (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264084612
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer l'efficacité du secteur de la santé ; Le rôle des technologies de l'information et des communications
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer l'efficacité du secteur de la santé : Le rôle des technologies de l'information et des communications
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Improving health sector efficiency
    RVK:
    QX 700
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Informationstechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Gesundheitswesen ; Informationstechnik ; Effizienzsteigerung
    Abstract: Despite the promise they hold out, implementing information and communication technologies (ICTs) in clinical care has proven to be a very difficult undertaking. More than a decade of efforts provide a picture of significant public investments, resulting in both notable successes and some highly publicised costly delays and failures. This has been accompanied by a failure to achieve widespread understanding among the general public and the medical profession of the benefits of electronic record keeping and information exchange. With consistent cross-country information on these issues largely absent, the OECD has used lessons learned from case studies in Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the United States to identify the opportunities offered by ICTs and to analyse under what conditions these technologies are most likely to result in efficiency and quality-of-care improvements. The findings highlight a number of practices or approaches that could usefully be employed in efforts to improve and accelerate the adoption and use of these technologies.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264084612-en
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  • 23
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    Performance-based Funding for Public Research in Tertiary Education Institutions : Workshop Proceedings (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264094611
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Governments are seeking to channel research funds into universities and other institutions in ways that support high-quality research in strategically important areas and bolster effective knowledge diffusion. These issues of steering and funding have even more relevance in light of the current financial crisis and economic downturn which have seen severe fiscal pressures fall on many countries. This publication presents a collection of papers presented at an OECD workshop on performance-based funding of public research in tertiary education institutions. It takes stock of current thinking and practice around performance-based funding of public research in tertiary education institutions, as a tool to help governments meet their research goals. These funding models are essentially systems of ex-post evaluation of research outputs and outcomes from universities and other tertiary institutions, and are generally based on peer review, bibliometric or other quantitative indicators. Their results are used to inform government decisions about how much and which institutions to fund.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264094611-en
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  • 24
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    SMEs, Entrepreneurship and Innovation (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264080355
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (226 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Series Statement: OECD innovation strategy
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. SMEs, entrepreneurship and innovation
    RVK:
    QP 210
    Keywords: KMU ; Innovation ; Unternehmer ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Innovation ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Small firms are playing an ever-increasing role in innovation, driven by changes in technologies and markets. Some spin-offs and high growth firms are having remarkable success. However, the broad bulk of small firms are not capitalising on their advantages. This book explores how government policy can boost innovation by improving the environment for entrepreneurship and small firm development and increasing the innovative capacities of enterprises. Policy findings and recommendations are presented in three key areas: embedding firms in knowledge flows; developing entrepreneurship skills; and social entrepreneurship. In addition, country notes present statistics and policy data on SMEs, entrepreneurship and innovation for 40 economies, including OECD countries, Brazil, China, Estonia, Indonesia, Israel, the Russian Federation, Slovenia and South Africa. SMEs, Entrepreneurship and Innovation is part of the OECD Innovation Strategy, a comprehensive policy strategy to harness innovation for stronger and more sustainable growth and development, and to address the key global challenges of the 21st century.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264080355-en
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  • 25
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    Denmark: Efficient e-Government for Smarter Public Service Delivery (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264087118
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Denmark
    RVK:
    MF 7350
    RVK:
    QQ 000
    Keywords: E-Government ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Dänemark ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; E-Government ; Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Effizienz
    Abstract: This review is the first to analyse e-government at the country level using a revised framework designed to capture the new challenges faced by countries today. It highlights the richness of initiatives and actions taken by Denmark in relation to a number of areas, including the impact of e-government on public sector modernisation and efficiency efforts, the impact of e-government organisational structure and arrangements on e-government development and administration, the need to address issues related to user take-up and the assessment of benefits realisation of e-government projects. As these are not unique to Denmark, but are commonly shared by a number of OECD countries, the study provides useful tools to support e-government policy making in all OECD countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264087118-en
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  • 26
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    Measuring Globalisation: OECD Economic Globalisation Indicators 2010 (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264084360 , 9789264084377
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This second edition of the OECD Economic Globalisation Indicators presents a broad range of indicators showing the magnitude and intensity of globalisation. This process is becoming increasingly important for policymakers and other analysts, hence the need for a volume that brings together the existing measures, based on national data sources and comparable across countries. Together, the indicators shed new light on financial, technological and trade interdependencies within OECD and non-OECD countries. Measures of globalisation include indicators on capital movements and foreign direct investments, international trade, the economic activity of multinational firms and the internationalisation of technology. In addition, the 2010 edition also includes indicators linked to the current financial crisis, portfolio investments, environmental aspects and the emergence of global value chains.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264084360-en
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  • 27
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    The Impacts of Nanotechnology on Companies : Policy Insights from Case Studies (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264094635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD The impacts of nanotechnology on companies
    RVK:
    QR 525
    Keywords: Nanotechnologie ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Technologiepolitik ; Innovationsmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Nanotechnologie ; Markt ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: Nanotechnology has its origin in the converging abilities of physics, chemistry and materials science. Its purpose is the manipulation of atoms and molecules in order to create new properties of materials and systems for a wide variety of applications in a very broad range of sectors. Nanotechnology is forecast to create large markets and many new jobs and may be the springboard for industrial renewal and long-term growth. Governments around the world have targeted this emerging technology in their R&D investments and are strategising about the best ways to promote the responsible development and use of nanotechnology given the absence of any in-depth analysis of its commercialisation. What are the potential economic impacts of nanotechnology, how are companies using nanotechnology for innovation, and what are the key challenges in its commercialisation? These are some of the issues that this book addresses, based on a large number of company case studies in several countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264094635-en
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  • 28
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    ICTs for Development : Improving Policy Coherence (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264077409
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Series Statement: The Development Dimension
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als ICTs for development
    RVK:
    MK 9220
    Keywords: Informationstechnik ; Entwicklung ; Welt ; Entwicklungsländer ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Informationstechnik ; Entwicklungsländer
    Abstract: Information communication technologies (ICTs) are crucial to reducing poverty, improving access to health and education services and creating new sources of income and employment for the poor. Being able to access and use ICTs has become a major factor in driving competitiveness, economic growth and social development. In the last decade, ICTs, particularly mobile phones, have also opened up new channels for the free flow of ideas and opinions, thereby promoting democracy and human rights. The OECD and infoDev joined forces at a workshop on 10-11 September 2009 to examine some of the main challenges in reducing the discrepancies in access to ICTs and use of ICTs between developing countries. The workshop discussed best practices for more coherent and collaborative approaches in support of poverty reduction and meeting the Millennium Development Goals. There is much work to be done on improving policy coherence and there is a need to engage more actively with partner countries. Making the most of ICTs requires that they are seen as part of innovation for development, rather than just another development tool. This publication examines access to ICTs, as a precondition to their use; broadband Internet access and governments' role in making it available; developments in mobile payments; ICT security issues; ICTs for improving environmental performance; and the relative priority of ICTs in education. For more information infoDev: www.infoDev.org
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264077409-en
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  • 29
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    Wireless Broadband Indicator Methodology (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 11 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.169
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The wireless broadband methodology is the result of several rounds of contributions from, and indepth discussions among, member countries. The new indicator will assist in informing policy makers and other stakeholders in this increasingly important market segment. The OECD began collecting and reporting broadband data in 2000 as a way to capture and record significant changes in OECD markets for Internet access. The OECD set the minimum threshold for broadband at a download speed of 256 kbit/s at the time, primarily to exclude ISDN technologies at 144 kbit/s and to include the majority of commercial offers then available via other technologies.
    DOI: 10.1787/5kmh7b6sw2d4-en
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  • 30
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    Greener and smarter : ICTs, the environment and climate change (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 S.
    Additional Material: graph. Darst., Tab., Lit.Hinw.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD green growth papers 2010, 01
    Series Statement: Industry and innovation
    Keywords: Informationstechnik ; Kommunikationstechnik ; Bedeutung ; Rolle ; Wirkung ; Auswirkung ; Klimaänderung ; Umwelt ; Ökologie ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Umwelttechnik ; Produktion ; Branche ; Erwärmung ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are a key enabler of “green growth” in all sectors of the economy. They are a key part of government strategies for a sustainable economic recovery. This report looks at how ICTs can improve their own environmental performance, and how they can be used to improve environmental performance throughout the economy and society. Direct environmental impacts of ICTs are considerable in areas such as energy use, materials throughput and end-of-life treatment. Government “green ICT” policies can be instrumental in promoting life-cycle approaches for improved R&D and design of ICT goods, services and systems. Innovative ICT applications enable sustainable production and consumption across the entire economy. The potential for improving environmental performance targets specific products, but also entire systems and industry sectors, e.g. construction, transport, energy.
    DOI: 10.1787/5k9h3635kdbt-en
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    URL: Volltext
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  • 31
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    Geographically Segmented Regulation for Telecommunications (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 78 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.173
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Regulatory authorities in most OECD countries have traditionally adopted a national geographic area focus when framing the geographic scope of telecommunications markets. Arguments stemming from market analysis economics suggest that differential regulation be considered between geographic areas where facility-based competition has developed and where it has not. The aim of this paper is to appraise the case for, and developments in, the use of sub-national geographically segmented regulation for fixed telecommunications networks.
    DOI: 10.1787/5km4k7mggw7f-en
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  • 32
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    Innovation and the Development Agenda (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264088924
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation and the development agenda
    DDC: 338/.064091724
    RVK:
    QG 700
    Keywords: Entwicklung ; Innovation ; Entwicklungsländer ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Entwicklungsländer ; Afrika ; Innovationsförderung ; Technologiepolitik ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: Innovation drives long-term economic growth. It has a crucial role to play as global economies recover from the current financial crisis. This book examines the role of innovation in developing countries, with a focus on Africa. It investigates innovation systems and their application; the key role of knowledge in innovation for development; and the importance of comparable country studies and official statistics on innovation. It stresses the need for innovation to become part of a comprehensive development agenda, and makes recommendations for promoting activities in both the formal and informal sectors, with the aim of transforming agriculture into a knowledge-based industry capable of stimulating economic growth. Innovation and the Development Agenda is an important component of the overall OECD Innovation Strategy, which seeks to create stronger and more sustainable growth, while addressing the key global challenges of the 21st century. It is also part of the Innovation, Technology, and Society programme of IDRC. For more information on IDRC programmes see www.idrc.ca.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264088924-en
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  • 33
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    The OECD Innovation Strategy : Getting a Head Start on Tomorrow (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264083479
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'innovation ; Pour prendre une longueur d'avance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD The OECD innovation strategy
    DDC: 601.12
    Keywords: Innovation ; Technologiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Electronic books ; Innovation ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: Well-timed and targeted innovation boosts productivity, increases economic growth and helps solve societal problems. But how can governments encourage more people to innovate more of the time? And how can government itself be more innovative? The OECD Innovation Strategy provides a set of principles for fostering innovation in people (workers and consumers), in firms and in government. It takes an in-depth look at the scope of innovation and how it is changing, as well as where and how it is occurring. The result is the formulation of far-reaching policies for innovation using recent research and data. "a thoughtful new report on how governments can do better at spurring and measuring innovation." The Economist
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264083479-en
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  • 34
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    Measuring Innovation : A New Perspective (2010)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264059474
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mesurer l'innovation ; Un nouveau regard
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring innovation
    DDC: 338.064
    RVK:
    QP 210
    Keywords: Innovation ; Innovationsmanagement ; Education ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; OECD*Innovation*Messverfahren*Indikator*Forschungsbericht*Globalisierung*Bildungsabschluss*Mobilität*Bildungspolitik*Neue Technologien*Kooperation*Regierung*Interdisziplinarität*öffentliche Trägerschaft*Private Trägerschaft*Welt*Europa*Asien*Australien*Afrika*Nordamerika*Südamerika ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Innovation ; Unternehmen ; Innovationsmanagement
    Abstract: Measuring Innovation: A New Perspective presents new measures and new ways of looking at traditional indicators. It builds on 50 years of indicator development by OECD and goes beyond R&D to describe the broader context in which innovation occurs. It includes some experimental indicators that provide insight into new areas of policy interest. It highlights measurement gaps and proposes directions for advancing the measurement agenda. This publication begins by describing innovation today. It looks at what is driving innovation in firms, and how the scientific and research landscape is being reconfigured by convergence, interdisciplinarity and the new geography of innovation hot spots. It presents broader measures of innovation, for example using new indicators of investment in intangible assets and trademarks. Human capital is the basic input of innovation, and a series of indicators looks at how well education systems are contributing to the knowledge and research bases. Further series examine how firms transform skills and knowledge, and shed light on the different roles of public and private investment in fostering innovation and reaping its rewards, with concrete examples from major global challenges such as health and climate change. Measuring Innovation is a major step towards evidence-based innovation policy making. It complements traditional “positioning”-type indicators with ones that show how innovation is, or could be, linked to policy. It also recognises that much more remains to be done, and points to the measurement challenges statisticians, researchers and policy makers alike need to address.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264059474-en
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