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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264016965
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sustainable Development in OECD Countries; Getting the Policies Right
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Abstract: Cette publication présente les enseignements concernant le développement durable tirés de 30 examens par pays qui ont été publiés depuis 2002 dans le cadre des Études économiques de l’OCDE. Elle se penche également sur les mesures concrètes que les États ont mises en œuvre afin de promouvoir le développement durable tout en se concentrant sur les résultats obtenus et sur leur efficience. Cette publication est axée sur les questions essentielles que sont l'amélioration des politiques environnementales, l'élévation du niveau de vie dans les pays en développement et la nécessité d'assurer la viabilité à long terme des revenus des retraités. De nombreux tableaux présentent des données détaillées mais aussi, sur un plan plus synthétique, les indicateurs de développement durable qui ont été utilisés pour évaluer les performances et les coûts.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264013742
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les réglementations environnementales et l'accès au marché
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environmental requirements and market access
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Umweltpolitik ; Regulierung ; Export ; Entwicklungsländer ; Environment ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Konferenzschrift ; Entwicklungsländer ; Export ; Regulierung ; Umweltschutz
    Abstract: Investigating over twenty cases where exports from developing countries faced new environmental requirements, this OECD report examines how environmental requirements can be trade barriers for developing countries. These case studies, covering a diverse number of products and exporting countries, trace a number of environmental regulations, standards and labelling schemes, from conception through implementation. In so doing, they highlight the difference that sensitivity to potential trade effects can make when designing environmental regulations and standards. They also show that timely technical assistance has played a crucial role in helping exporters from developing countries adjust to new environmental requirements without suffering adverse trade effects.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789264013544
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales ; Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales ; Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales : Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales : Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789264008717
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices et ouvrages de référence du CAD
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environmental Fiscal Reform for Poverty Reduction
    Keywords: Environment ; Taxation ; Development
    Abstract: Ce document de référence du CAD décrit les principaux aspects à prendre en considération dans la conception d’une « réforme fiscale écologique » (RFE). La RFE recouvre un ensemble de mesures fiscales et de tarification qui permettent d’obtenir des recettes budgétaires tout en contribuant à la réalisation d’objectifs environnementaux. Le but est de définir des « bonnes pratiques » et de fournir des indications sur la façon dont les organismes de coopération pour le développement peuvent aider les pays en développement à tirer parti des méthodes de RFE dans le cadre de leurs stratégies de développement et de lutte contre la pauvreté. Après un examen des instruments de la RFE et des problèmes techniques qui leur sont liés, les Lignes directrices et ouvrages de référence mettent l’accent sur les questions politico-économiques et les problèmes de gouvernance soulevés par la réforme. Le document se penche en particulier sur les conditions préalables d’une conception et d’une mise en œuvre couronnées de succès, sur les diverses étapes du cycle des politiques dans le cadre de la RFE, sur les problèmes à résoudre à chacune de ces étapes, ainsi que sur les principaux acteurs concernés. La façon dont les donneurs peuvent soutenir les processus de RFE y est également décrite. La suite du document examine les enjeux de la RFE dans le contexte de certains secteurs économiques particulièrement importants pour les pays en développement : exploitation des forêts, pêche, combustibles fossiles, électricité, eau potable et lutte contre la pollution industrielle.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264013766
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (364 p.)
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur la politique commerciale
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environmental Requirements and Market Access
    Keywords: Environment ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Entwicklungsländer ; Außenhandel ; Exportmarkt ; Exportgut ; Umweltauflage ; Umweltverträgliches Produkt
    Abstract: Ce rapport de l’OCDE s’appuie sur une vingtaine d'études de cas portant sur des exportations en provenance de pays en développement soumises à des prescriptions environnementales. Il analyse comment ces réglementations environnementales peuvent être des obstacles pour les pays en développement. Ces études de cas, qui couvrent un large éventail de produits et de pays exportateurs, suivent un certain nombre de réglementations, normes et systèmes d'étiquetage relatifs à la protection de l'environnement, depuis leur conception jusqu'à leur mise en œuvre. Elles soulignent combien il est important de prendre en compte les effets que ces normes et réglementations environnementales peuvent avoir sur le commerce dès leur élaboration. Enfin, ces études montrent qu’une assistance technique opportune peut aider les exportateurs des pays en développement à s'adapter aux nouvelles prescriptions environnementales sans en pâtir sur le plan commercial.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264009417
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (167 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Umwelt und OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen; Betriebliche Instrumente und Konzepte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales ; Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Umwelt und OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen: Betriebliche Instrumente und Konzepte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales : Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage est une analyse approfondie du chapitre sur l'environnement des Principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales et d'autres dispositions pertinentes de ces Principes et propose aux entreprises désireuses de les mettre en oeuvre quelques idées et conseils concrets. Parmi les sujets abordés on retiendra les systèmes de gestion environnementale, l'information du public et la consultation des acteurs concernés, l'analyse du cycle de vie, la gestion des risques, les mesures de préparation et d'intervention en cas d'urgence, l'amélioration continue des performances environnementales, l'éducation et la formation à l'environnement et la contribution à la mise en place de politiques environnementales.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789264008700
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (110 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: DAC Guidelines and Reference Series
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La réforme fiscale écologique axée sur la réduction de la pauvreté
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environmental fiscal reform for poverty reduction
    DDC: 363.7
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ökosteuer ; Umweltabgabe ; Steuerreform ; Armutsbekämpfung ; Armut ; OECD-Staaten ; Entwicklungsländer ; Lebensbedingungen ; Umweltschutz ; Steuerpolitik ; Steuerreform ; Finanzpolitik ; Entwicklungsmodell ; Transparenz ; Politischer Prozess ; Politische Beteiligung ; Environment ; Taxation ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer
    Abstract: This DAC Reference Paper outlines key issues faced when designing Environmental Fiscal Reform (EFR). EFR refers to a range of taxation and pricing measures which can raise fiscal revenues while furthering environmental goals. The objective is to provide insights and “good practice” on how development co-operation agencies can help developing countries take advantage of EFR approaches in both their development and poverty reduction strategies. Following a review of the instruments of EFR and related technical issues, Environmental Fiscal Reform for Poverty Reduction focuses on the political economy and governance aspects of EFR. This includes an examination of the precondition for successful design and implementation, the various steps involved through the EFR Policy Cycle, the challenges faced at each stage, and the main stakeholders involved. The role of donors in supporting EFR processes is also outlined. Subsequently, these issues are reviewed in relation to sectors of particular relevance for developing countries: forestry, fisheries, fossil fuel, electricity, drinking water and industrial pollution control.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789264009394
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (143 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales ; Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Umwelt und OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen; Betriebliche Instrumente und Konzepte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales ; Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises; Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'environnement et les principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales : Instruments et méthodes pour les entreprises
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Umwelt und OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen: Betriebliche Instrumente und Konzepte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El Medio Ambiente y las Líneas Directrices de la OCDE para Empresas Multinacionales : Herramientas y Enfoques Empresariales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environment and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises: Corporate Tools and Approaches (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environment and the OECD guidelines for multinational enterprises
    DDC: 658.4083
    RVK:
    Keywords: Umweltmanagement ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Umweltbelastung ; Internationale Umweltpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Umweltbezogenes Management
    Abstract: This book provides a detailed examination of the environment chapter of the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and other relevant provisions of the Guidelines and gives concrete ideas and guidance to enterprises wishing to implement the Guidelines. Topics covered include environmental management systems; public information and stakeholder consultation; life cycle assessment; risk management; emergency preparedness and response; continuous improvements in environmental performance; environmental education and training; and contributing to the development of environmental policy.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789264035782
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Biens et services environnementaux ; Pour une ouverture des marchés au service de l'environnement et du développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Biens et services environnementaux : Pour une ouverture des marchés au service de l'environnement et du développement
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trade that benefits the environment and development
    RVK:
    Keywords: Natürliche Ressourcen ; Umweltwirtschaft ; GATS ; OECD-Staaten ; APEC-Staaten ; Environment ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Umweltschutzindustrie ; Umweltschutz ; Dienstleistung ; Außenhandel ; Liberalisierung
    Abstract: This collection of studies is intended as a practical tool to help negotiators navigate the numerous, complex issues that have arisen in international discussions over liberalising trade in environmental goods and services. In addition to explaining the background to the two earlier lists of environmental goods (stemming from separate efforts by the OECD and by the Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation Forum), the different chapters: Explore various practical issues related to the classification of environmental goods, including "dual use" goods. Provide concrete examples of synergies between trade in environmental services and environmental goods. Synthesise the findings of various country studies on environmental goods and services undertaken by the OECD and other inter-governmental organisations.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264009158
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (265 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; France 2005
    DDC: 333.7
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; France
    Abstract: Ce rapport consacré à la France évalue les progrès accomplis ou à faire dans la réduction de la charge polluante, la gestion des ressources naturelles, l'intégration des politiques économique et environnementale et le renforcement de la coopération internationale. Les analyses s'appuient sur un large ensemble de données économiques et environnementales.
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789264011793
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE ; République tchèque 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Zpráva o politice, stavu a vývoji životního prostøedí; Česká Republika 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : République tchèque 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Zpráva o politice, stavu a vývoji životního prostøedí: & 268;eská Republika 2005
    Keywords: Environment ; Czech Republic
    Abstract: This book presents the results of a peer review of the Czech Republic's environmental policies and programmes. It systematically covers air, water, and waste management; nature and biodiversity management; the environmental/economic interface; the enviornmental/social interface; and international co-operation. It includes extensive statistical information as well as specific recommendations in each of the topics covered.
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789264009141
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE ; France 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : France 2005
    Keywords: Environment ; France
    Abstract: This book presents the results of a peer review of France's environmental policies and programmes. It systematically looks at environmental management (air, water, biodiversty), sustainable development, and international commitments. This edition includes a sectoral chapter covering energy. The book presents specific conclusions and policy recommendations, and includes extensive statistical data.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264013797
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (174 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Bridge Over Troubled Waters; Linking Climate Change and Development
    Keywords: Environment ; Development
    Abstract: Cet ouvrageest le fruit d’une collaboration entre la Direction de l’environnement et la Direction de la coopération pour le développement de l’OCDE. Ces dernières ont travaillé ensemble sur l’intégration systématique de réponses au changement climatique dans la planification du développement et l’aide au développement. Cette publication synthétise les enseignements tirés d’études de cas menées dans six pays. Elle examine les répercussions du changement climatique et évalue la vulnérabilité de ces pays au phénomène. Elle analyse les plans nationaux et les investissements réalisés au titre de l’aide sous l’angle de leur exposition aux risques climatiques et de la prise en compte de ces derniers. Enfin, elle décrit les grands systèmes dans lesquels le développement et la gestion des ressources naturelles sont indissociables du changement climatique. Ces grands systèmes sont l’Himalaya au Népal, le Kilimandjaro en Tanzanie, la vallée du Nil en Égypte, les Sundarbans au Bangladesh, les mangroves côtières à Fidji, et les secteurs agricole et forestier en Uruguay. En somme, cette publication présente un agenda pour de nombreuses pistes de recherche et d’action qui devraient être extrêmement utiles aux organismes d’aide, aux responsables de la planification sectorielle et aux acteurs du développement, mais aussi aux spécialistes et aux responsables de la lutte contre le changement climatique.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264011816
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Czech Republic 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Zpráva o politice, stavu a vývoji životního prostøedí; Česká Republika 2005
    Keywords: Environment ; Czech Republic
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage présente les résultats de l’examen par les pairs des politiques et programmes de l’environnement de la république Tchèque. Il examine systématiquement l’air, l’eau, les déchets, la nature et la biodiversité, l'économie, social, l’environnement et la coopération internationale. Il inclut des informations statistiques complètes ainsi que des recommandations concernant les sujets traités.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789264009707
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Chile 2005
    Keywords: Environment ; Chile
    Abstract: Cet examen des politiques et performances environnementales du Chili mené en collaboration avec la Commission économique pour l'Amérique latine et les Caraïbes des Nations Unies est une analyse systématique des performances et de la politique du Chili concernant l'air, l'eau, la préservation de la nature et la biodiversité. Sont également abordées l'interface environnement-économie, l'intégration sectorielle (industries extractives, foresterie et aquaculture), et l'interface social-environnement ainsi que les engagements internationaux. L'ouvrage comporte une série de recommandations et de tableaux de données environnementales et sociales.
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 9, p. 1-28
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 9, p. 1-28
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: This report summarises the findings of the Terrestrial Risk Indicators (TERI) Project, carried out under the OECD Pesticides Programme. It is based on individual reports prepared by participants of an expert group (Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Norway, and Switzerland) on their results of testing the selected TERI indicators with national pesticide sales and use data.
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 3, p. 1-23
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics ; Kyrgyzstan
    Abstract: The Ministry of Ecology and Emergency Situations (MEES) of the Kyrgyz Republic approached the OECD/EAP Task Force Secretariat with the request to assess the national system of environmental compliance assurance in light of good international practice and identify priority actions for its reform. In response to this request, which was also voiced during the 2003 REPIN meeting, the Network members supported the Kyrgyz Republic’s initiative to be the first country to test the Peer Review Scheme. A peer review involves a systematic examination and assessment of the performance of a state by other states, with the ultimate goal of helping the reviewed country adopt best practices and comply with established standards and principles. The peer review mechanism is free of any threat of non-compliance sanctions arising from the findings of the review: its impact relies on the influence and persuasion exercised by “peers” (equal partners in the review process). The review serves the following purposes: • To provide international peer support for institutional reform of enforcement authorities;• To enhance their transparency, accountability, and visibility, at national and international level;• To extend opportunities for inter-government policy dialogue and support capacity building.
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 37 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 9, p. 1-37
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Workshop on Multilateral Environmental Agreements and Private Investment, organised in co-operation with the Finnish Ministry for the Environment, took place in Helsinki on 16-17 June 2005. It provided an opportunity to bring relevant stakeholders together to exchange views and discuss recent experiences regarding private investment that contributes to the solution of global environmental problems. This report has two parts: the key messages emerging from the workshop (Part I) and a summary of the presentations and discussions (Part II). It builds upon presentations by, and discussions among, workshop participants who represented national governments, MEA Secretariats and implementing agencies, businesses, international governmental and non-governmental organisations, research institutes and other stakeholder groups. For background information, please see "Multilateral Environmental Agreements and Private Investment: Business Contribution to Addressing Global Environmental Problems", published as Document No. 387 in OECD Papers, Vol. 5, Issue 2.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 5, p. 1-70
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 70 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 5, p. 1-70
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This report focuses on one environmental instrument which is part of the UK’s wider programme of policies to deal with its various obligations to control climate change. The instrument is the Climate Change Levy (CCL) which takes the form of a tax on energy. However, the CCL cannot be viewed in isolation – it is part of a fairly elaborate package of measures, and its interaction with the other instruments in that package need to be understood. Accordingly, we first set out a brief history of the UK’s approach to climate change control, and describe the various components of the policy package. A detailed history of the CCL is then provided, and this is followed by an analysis of the features of the CCL, focusing particularly on the political factors that influenced its design, and the various reactions to it. Finally, we look at the likely future of the CCL in light of developments in climate change policy in the wider Europe.
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 47 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 5, p. 1-47
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Netherlands
    Abstract: This paper discusses the manure policy in the Netherlands with emphasis on the N and Paccounting system MINAS. MINAS was introduced by the Netherlands’ government in 1998, to step-wise decrease the N and P surpluses at farm level in 5 to 10 years to environmental acceptable levels (e.g. Henkens and Van Keulen, 2001). Individual farms that exceed certain levy-free surpluses for N and P (expressed in kg per ha per year) are charged with a financial levy, so as to encourage farmers to decrease the N and P surpluses. Whilst the use of nutrient balances in agricultural research has a history of at least one century, using nutrient balances with levies on surpluses as an instrument to ecologically transform agriculture had no precedent.
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9789264009684
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (230 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE ; Chili 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Chili 2005
    Keywords: Environment ; Chile
    Abstract: This review of Chile's environmental policies and performance, carried out in co-operation with the UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, systematically examines Chile's performance and policy with regards to air, water, nature conservation, and biodiversity. It also examines the environmental-economic interface, sectoral integration (mining, forestry, and aquaculture), and the environmental-social interface, as well as international commitments. It makes a series of recommendations and includes tables showing selected environmental and social data.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264009974
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Agriculture, Trade and the Environment
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le secteur des grandes cultures
    DDC: 338.173
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    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Trade ; Agrarpolitik ; Getreidewirtschaft ; Welthandel ; Liberalisierung ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: This study takes an in-depth look at the arable crops sector in OECD countries and draws some conclusions about the impacts of agricultural support policies, trade liberalisation, agri-environmental payments, and agri-ennvironmental regulations. It contains economic and structural data, agri-environmental indicators for the arable crops sector, and analysis of the policy measures supporting arable crops farming and addressing environmental issues both at the aggregate country level and regional levels. This is the third in a series of in-depth studies being undertaken by the OECD to investigate the linkages between agriculture, trade and the environment. The first study on the pig sector was published in 2003, and the second study on the dairy sector was published in 2004.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264010116
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (410 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Evaluating agri-environmental policies
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    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Umweltpolitik ; Wirkungsanalyse ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Konferenzschrift ; OECD ; Agrarökosystem ; Agrarpolitik
    Abstract: These conference proceedings present a series of evaluations of agri-environmental policies in OECD countries. They examine how effective the policies have been in achieving objectives and what policy makers have learned about the design and implementation of their policies. These proceedings show that different methods of policy evaluation are complementary. Most countries focus on evaluating the environmental effectiveness rather than the economic efficiency of policies, using physical indicators rather than monetary values. Many policies are achieving their environmental objectives, but are taking longer than originally anticipated. The initiative being taken in many countries to incorporate monitoring and data collection into programme design and implementation is a positive development. But a number of steps need to be taken to improve the quality of evaluations, including the better articulation of policy goals and objectives, improving data quality and establishing baselines for comparison.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264012769
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (154 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Contre vents et marées; Les politiques de développement face au changement climatique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bridge over troubled waters
    DDC: 338.927
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    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Entwicklungsplanung ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsländer ; Environment ; Development ; Klimaänderung
    Abstract: This book is the product of a collaborative effort between the OECD Environment and Development Co-operation directorates on mainstreaming responses to climate change in development planning and assistance. This volume synthesises insights from six country case studies that review climate change impacts and vulnerabilities, analyse relevant national plans and aid investments in terms of their exposure and attention to climate risks, and examine in-depth key systems where climate change is closely intertwined with development and natural resource management. The case studies cover the Nepal Himalayas, Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, the Nile in Egypt, the Bangladesh Sundarbans, coastal mangroves in Fiji, and agriculture and forestry sectors in Uruguay. Overall, the volume suggests a rich agenda for research and policy action which should be of considerable interest to donor agencies, sectoral planners and development practioners, as well as climate change experts and policy makers.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264012837
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les bonnes pratiques de laboratoire ; Principes de L'OCDE et directives pour évaluer leur respect
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Good laboratory practice
    DDC: 660.078
    Keywords: Qualitätsmanagement ; Environment ; Gute Laborpraxis
    Abstract: This publication unites all of the OECD documents related to Good Laboratory Practice and compliance monitoring, and, in the Annex, reproduces the three OECD Council Decisions related to the Mutual Acceptance of Data in the Assessment of Chemicals. It includes the international standards for quality of non-clinical environmental, health and safety data on chemicals and chemical products in a regulatory context—the OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice—and supporting Consensus and Advisory Documents on their interpretation and application. The OECD guidance documents for governments on monitoring compliance with the Good Laboratory Practice Principles are also included. This publication thus presents the state of the art on Good Laboratory Practice and compliance monitoring.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264006478
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Handbook of Market Creation for Biodiversity; Issues in Implementation
    Keywords: Berühmte Persönlichkeit ; Kulturleben ; Architektur ; Gebäude ; Stadtentwicklung ; Deutschland Schickhardt, Heinrich ; Wichtige Persönlichkeit des kulturellen Lebens ; Architektur ; Gebäude ; Stadtentwicklung ; Germany Important cultural personalities ; Architecture ; Buildings ; Urban development ; Environment ; Deutschland
    Abstract: Trouver un juste milieu entre la conservation ou l’utilisation durable de la biodiversité et son appauvrissement nécessite de prendre en compte tous les effets de sa destruction. C’est en mettant cette perte en balance avec tout avantage éventuel que l’on peut assurer l’optimisation du bien-être social et économique de chacun. Les systèmes économiques fondés sur le jeu du marché rendent cette pondération possible. Mais il faut pour cela que l’ensemble des incidences du recul de la biodiversité ou de son utilisation soient pleinement internalisées dans les transactions marchandes. Cet ouvrage illustre comment les pouvoirs publics peuvent internaliser la perte de biodiversité par la création de marchés. Il préconise le recours aux marchés pour faire en sorte que nos préférences collectives pour la conservation et l’utilisation durable se reflètent dans les résultats économiques.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264012059
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environmentally harmful subsidies
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    Keywords: Umweltbelastung ; Subvention ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Konferenzschrift ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltgift
    Abstract: Subsidies are pervasive throughout OECD countries and much of this support is potentially harmful environmentally. This report presents sectoral analyses on agriculture, fisheries, water, energy and transport, proposing a checklist approach to identifying and assessing environmentally harmful subsidies. It also identifies the key tensions and conflicts that are likely to influence subsidy policy making. The book concludes with a discussion of politically feasible subsidy reform strategies.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264008991
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Martín-Hurtado, Roberto Environmental management in Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia
    DDC: 363.7/00946
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    Keywords: Umweltpolitik ; Osteuropa ; Kaukasus ; Zentralasien ; Environment ; Osteuropa ; Kaukasusländer ; Mittelasien ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: This book brings together the findings of key sector- and media-specific analyses of the environment in the Eastern Europe, Caucasus, and Central Asia (EECCA) area and puts forward a set of indicators to provide a one-stop, concise and up-to-date assessment that is accessible also to a non-specialist audience. It systematically looks at environmental legislation, policies, and institutions; pollution prevention and control; natural resources management; environmental policy integration; financial resources for the environment; environmental information and public awareness; and co-operation on transboundary issues. It finds that the problems are serious, but they vary across countries. A significant burden of environmental disease persists – one out of 1 000 children born in Tajikistan dies before the age of five due to diarrhoeal diseases closely associated to lack of safe water. Despite low income levels, natural resources are under heavy pressure – nine out of twelve countries forming the region are water-stressed. To confront those problems, institutional development and policy responses would need to be stepped up. This assessment finds that current policies are often ineffective in stimulating significant improvements, scarce resources are spent without clear programmatic frameworks, and policy integration is very limited.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264016958
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (194 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Développement durable dans les pays de l'OCDE ; Mettre au point les politiques publiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sustainable development in OECD countries
    DDC: 333.715
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    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Internationale Umweltpolitik ; Umweltpolitik ; Wirkungsanalyse ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Umweltschutz ; Geschichte 1992-2003
    Abstract: This publication summarises the lessons learned from the 30 country reviews of sustainable development that have been published since 2002 as part of OECD Economic Surveys. It also examines the concrete action that countries have taken to promote sustainable development while concentrating on the results that have been achieved and the efficiency of achieving the results. The publication focuses on major policy areas including the improvement of environmental policies, raising living standards in developing countries, and ensuring sustainable retirement income policies. Numerous tables provide detailed data and sustainable development indicators that have been used to gauge performance and assess costs.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 1-167
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 167 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 4, p. 1-167
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: This OECD Emission Scenario Document (ESD) describes emission scenarios for three parts of the life cycle for antifouling products used on ship and boat hulls: (1) application; (2) service life; and (3) removal. The primary aim of this ESD is for use in risk assessments in notification and authorisation procedures in regulatory frameworks used in OECD countries. The ESD is intended to be used for general risk assessment and is explicitly not for site specific risk assessments. Furthermore it is important to note that the recommended scenarios for service life of the antifouling products in the ESD are limited to the calculation of the initial local concentrations in the primary receiving environmental compartments.
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