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  • 2020-2024
  • 1995-1999  (16)
  • 1997  (16)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (16)
  • London [u.a.] : Routledge
  • Paris : International Transport Forum
  • Social Issues/Migration/Health  (16)
  • Industry and Services
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
  • 2020-2024
  • 1995-1999  (16)
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (16)
  • London [u.a.] : Routledge
  • Paris : International Transport Forum
Keywords
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Private Pensions in OECD Countries : The United Kingdom (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 97 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.21
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les régimes de retraite privés dans les pays de l'OCDE : Le Royaume-Uni
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This volume is part of a series of monographs on private pensions in OECD countries. Previous titles have considered the situation in Canada, Ireland, New Zealand and the United States. The United Kingdom pension system has some distinctive characteristics. Publicly-provided pensions have become less important as a source of retirement income. The ageing of the population will shrink the numbers of those working relative to those receiving old-age pensions, but because of the low rates of public pension payments, contribution rates will not need to rise dramatically to cover pension costs. Funded company-based schemes are extensive, with one of the highest asset to GDP ratios among the OECD countries. Personal private pensions are growing rapidly in coverage. Evidence suggests that these pension funds have boosted saving and increased the supply of long-term funds, so stimulating the development of capital markets. The size and scope of private pensions in the United Kingdom makes the ...
    DOI: 10.1787/114267514347
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Submission to The UK Low Pay Mission (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.29
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This submission provides a brief factual survey of statutory minimum wage systems in OECD countries (Section B) as well as a summary of recommendations concerning minimum wages which have been presented in the OECD Jobs Study and recent OECD Economic Surveys (Section C). This is followed by a discussion of the factors which should be considered when reviewing the likely effects of statutory minimum wages on employment and unemployment (Section D), and on low pay and poverty (Section E). It is based on recent empirical evidence from OECD countries and, whenever possible, discusses the relevance of the different factors characterising minimum wage for the UK context. The need for further research is discussed in Section F.
    DOI: 10.1787/046632218057
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making the Public Employment Service More Effective through the Introduction of Market Signals (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.25
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Many OECD countries have taken steps to increase competition in areas that have been typically dominated by public monopolies in the past. The goal is to improve the production and delivery of public goods and services. Among these areas, governments have introduced market signals to make the public employment service (PES) contestable in some of its activities in order to improve its effectiveness. This has involved i) liberalisation of the rules and regulations governing private employment agencies; ii) the use of market-type mechanisms (MTMs) such as contracting-out; and iii) organisational reforms, for example separating purchasers and providers of services to jobseekers. Separating purchasers and providers is an important requirement to make the delivery of public services contestable. For example, if the PES provides training and also purchases it on the open market, it may have the incentive to deal with only one segment of the market, making it difficult to compare its ...
    DOI: 10.1787/031348351683
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Private Pensions in OECD Countries : France (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 134 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.30
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les régimes de retraite privés dans les pays de l'OCDE : France
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France
    Abstract: This volume is part of a series of monographs on private pensions in OECD countries. Previous titles have considered the situation of Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia. Private pensions occupy a central role in the French system of retirement provision. In addition to a high degree of institutional fragmentation, the general structure of the French pension system combines two tiers. The first consists of statutory social security plans, set up to cover the whole of the working population, and “special plans”, exempted from participation in the general schemes and almost exclusively covering the public sector. The second tier is made up of supplementary occupational plans, mainly compulsory plans federated at the national level. The extensive role of these compulsory occupational plans has left little room for the development of other voluntary occupational pension plans. A number of features make the specificity of the second tier in ...
    DOI: 10.1787/664831631060
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Concentration of Women's Employment and Relative Occupational Pay : A Statistical Framework for Comparative Analysis (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 94 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.26
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report assesses the relation between women’s employment in those occupations where they are most concentrated and their relative level of pay. The analysis is applied to seven countries - Australia, Canada, Germany, France, Norway, the United Kingdom and the United States - over a period covering the past ten to fifteen years. An important feature of the study involves the collection and analysis of national earnings data at a detailed level of occupational classification, enabling us to address instances of vertical and horizontal gender segregation that may be obscured by less detailed categories. As international harmonised earnings data for detailed occupational categories do not exist, it has been necessary to collect data from the different national sources. Given the dangers this presents for an analysis which seeks to make comparisons of occupations across countries, the report details the wide range of different sources of data, as well as the variety of definitions of ...
    DOI: 10.1787/122123571425
    URL: Volltext
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Private Pensions in OECD Countries : Australia (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 90 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.23
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia
    Abstract: As most other OECD Member countries had already done, Australia has, since 1991, supplemented an existing flat-rate universal (but means-tested) residence-based old-age pension by a compulsory earnings related second tier for employees known as the “Superannuation Guarantee”. However, it was the first Member country in which the favoured format of participation in the second tier is in the form of pure “money purchase” schemes in which benefits are determined solely by the amount which accumulates in individual accounts. Benefits are predominately paid as lump-sums on retirement, although tax arrangements are being changed to encourage beneficiaries to purchase annuities. This report, compiled by two Australian experts, describes this system and its relation to pre-existing tax-advantaged voluntary provision, which only covered one-third of employees but remains predominant in terms of assets accumulated and benefits payable. The report discusses the sources of retirement ...
    DOI: 10.1787/774368522640
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Definition of Part-Time Work for the Purpose of International Comparisons (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.22
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La définition du travail à temps partiel à des fins de comparaison internationale
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: National definitions of part-time work are based either on hours thresholds or on an assessment by the respondent of the nature of the job, or on a combination of both methods. This report compares the results obtained from the application of an hours-based definition to job of wage and salary workers with those based on the respondent’s self-assessment, and examines the international comparability of such estimates. In countries where part-time work (national definitions) is common, jobs of more than 30 usual hours per week that are classified as part-time are significant in number. These countries tend to use a definition based on a 35 usual hours threshold. In countries where part-time work (national definitions) is relatively less common, the incidence of jobs of less than 35 usual hours per week that are classified as full-time is high. Part-time jobs are generally identified on the basis of self-assessment in these countries. As a result of these findings a definition of ...
    DOI: 10.1787/132721856632
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Submission to the Irish National Minimum Wage Commission (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 37 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.28
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ireland
    Abstract: This submission provides a brief factual survey of statutory minimum wage systems in OECD countries (Section B) as well as a summary of recommendations concerning minimum wages which have been presented in the OECD Jobs Study and recent OECD Economic Surveys (Section C). This is followed by a discussion of the factors which should be considered when reviewing the likely effects of statutory minimum wages on employment and unemployment (Section D), and on low pay and poverty (Section E). It is based on recent empirical evidence from OECD countries and, whenever possible, discusses the relevance of the different factors characterising minimum wages for the Irish context. The need for further research is discussed in Section F.
    DOI: 10.1787/501028262326
    URL: Volltext
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International Movements of the Highly Skilled (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers no.3
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: In recent years there has been a growing recognition of the importance of international recruitment and movement of the highly skilled. Modern industries and services increasingly rely upon the acquisition, deployment and use of human expertise to add value in their operations. When this expertise is not available locally, employers frequently import it from abroad. This takes place in the context of two fundamental and interrelated processes: the development of internal labour markets by employers, on the one hand, and of the institutional framework by governments to facilitate the global interchange of skills, on the other. The principal flows of highly skilled workers today reflect the global expansion of world trade, the international expansion of trans-national corporations, and the activities of institutions such as governments and recruitment agencies. Although not straightforward, there appears for example to be a positive relationship between flows of skilled labour and ...
    DOI: 10.1787/104411065061
    URL: Volltext
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Occupational Classification (ISCO-88) : Concepts, Methods, Reliability, Validity and Cross-National Comparability (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.20
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La classification des professions (CITP-88) : Concepts, méthodes, fiabilité, validité et comparabilité internationale
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This paper considers a range of topics concerned with the statistical application of an occupational classification, focusing in particular upon the use of the international standard, ISCO-88. Following a brief presentation of the conceptual basis of ISCO-88 and on methods of collecting and coding occupational information, evidence is presented on the reliability and validity of occupationally classified data. The paper reviews progress on the implementation of ISCO-88 on a global basis and presents an assessment of the likely comparability between countries of occupational data based upon ISCO-88. From the evidence available it appears that ISCO-88 has successfully superseded ISCO-68 and, in many countries, has become the model for a new national classification even where a national classification of occupations previously existed. However, occupational classification remains a difficult process, subject to a fairly low level of reliability. In addition to problems of reliability ...
    DOI: 10.1787/304441717388
    URL: Volltext
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    La classification des professions (CITP-88) : Concepts, méthodes, fiabilité, validité et comparabilité internationale (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Occupational Classification (ISCO-88): Concepts, Methods, Reliability, Validity and Cross-National Comparability
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Le présent document traite de diverses questions relatives à l’application statistique d’une classification des professions, et plus particulièrement de l’utilisation de la classification internationale type, la CITP-88. Après un bref rappel des concepts sur lesquels repose la CITP-88 et des méthodes de la collecte et de codage des informations sur les professions, des observations sont présentées au sujet de la fiabilité et de la validité des données ventilées par profession. Ce document fait le point des progrès réalisés dans la mise en oeuvre de la CITP-88 à l’échelle mondiale et évalue la comparabilité probable, d’un pays à un autre, des données sur les professions fondées sur la CITP-88. D’après les informations dont on dispose, il semble que la CITP-88 ait réussi à supplanter la CITP-68 et soit devenue, dans de nombreux pays, le modèle d’une nouvelle classification nationale des professions même lorsqu’il en existait déjà une. La classification des professions n’en demeure pas ...
    DOI: 10.1787/554385158062
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Les régimes de retraite privés dans les pays de l'OCDE : Le Royaume-Uni (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 109 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Private Pensions in OECD Countries: The United Kingdom
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: Ce volume fait partie d’une série de monographies sur les régimes de retraite privés dans les pays de l’OCDE. Les volumes précédents ont été consacrés à la situation du Canada, de l’Irlande, de la Nouvelle-Zélande et des Etats-Unis. Le système de pensions du Royaume-Uni présente un certain nombre de spécificités. La part des pensions du régime public dans les revenus de retraite a régressé. Le vieillissement de la population va entraîner une diminution du nombre d'actifs relativement au nombre de retraités, mais compte tenu des faibles taux des pensions servies par le régime public, il ne sera pas nécessaire de procéder à un relèvement important des taux de cotisation pour faire face aux dépenses de pensions. Les régimes de retraite d’entreprise financés par capitalisation sont très développés et la proportion de leurs actifs par rapport au PIB est parmi la plus élevée des pays de l’OCDE. Le nombre de personnes couvertes par des plans de retraite privés individuels augmente rapidement ...
    DOI: 10.1787/560675708185
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    La définition du travail à temps partiel à des fins de comparaison internationale (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Definition of Part-Time Work for the Purpose of International Comparisons
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Les définitions nationales du travail à temps partiel dans les enquêtes sur la population active reposent soit sur des seuils d'heures habituellement travaillées, soit sur l'auto-évaluation des personnes enquêtées sur la nature de leur emploi, ou une combinaison de ces deux critères. Ce rapport examine la comparabilité internationale des estimations du travail à temps partiel obtenues par l’application des définitions-seuils à l’emploi salarié, et celles obtenues à partir de l’autoévaluation des travailleurs. Dans les pays où le travail à temps partiel (définitions nationales) est courant, un nombre important d’emplois de plus de 30 heures habituellement travaillées par semaine est classé comme étant à temps partiel. Ces pays ont tendance à utiliser une définition-seuil de 35 heures. Dans les pays où le travail à temps partiel (définitions nationales) est peu courant, la fréquence des emplois de moins de 35 heures habituellement travaillées par semaine classés comme étant à temps ...
    DOI: 10.1787/585825266248
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Childcare and Elderly Care : What Occupational Opportunities for Women? (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 60 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.27
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: As the population in OECD countries ages and requires longer periods of care and as more children are cared for outside their homes, there is growing recognition of the significance of caring services both economically and socially. Up to now the policy discussion has focussed mainly on two central issues: quality of care and cost of care. These issues are closely inter-linked with how employment in the caring sector is expanding and developing, an issue which has however received relatively little attention. The demand for caring workers has increased dramatically in the past twenty-five years. Caring occupations are major employers of women across OECD countries and their working conditions, career opportunities, and earnings patterns have a significant impact on women’s overall situation in the labour market. This report examines caring occupations in the childcare and the elderly care sectors and the opportunities they offer women as these occupations are changing with respect ...
    DOI: 10.1787/047834852710
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Les régimes de retraite privés dans les pays de l'OCDE : France (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 147 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Private Pensions in OECD Countries: France
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France
    Abstract: Ce volume fait partie d’une série de monographies sur les régimes de retraite privés dans les pays de l’OCDE. Les volumes précédents ont été consacrés à la situation du Canada, de l’Irlande, de la Nouvelle-Zélande, des Etats-Unis, du Royaume-Uni et de l’Australie. Les régimes de retraite privés occupent un rôle central dans le système français des dispositifs de retraite. Au delà d’un fort éclatement institutionnel, l’architecture générale du système de retraite français se caractérise par une structure à deux étages. Le premier étage correspond aux régimes légaux de sécurité sociale, couvrant l’ensemble de la population active, ainsi qu’aux “régimes spéciaux” dispensés de toute affiliation au régime général et couvrant presque exclusivement le secteur public. Le second étage est constitué des régimes complémentaires relevant du domaine professionnel, principalement des régimes obligatoires fédérés au niveau national. L’importance considérable qu’ont pris ces régimes ...
    DOI: 10.1787/425822661852
    URL: Volltext
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trends in Secretarial Occupations in Selected OECD Countries, 1980-95 (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 70 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.24
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: In all OECD countries secretarial occupations constitute a substantial part of all women's employment, are heavily female-dominated and subject to rapid and far-reaching technical change. They are also transversal to all sectors and organisations. The report examines how the secretary's role is changing as the 'information society' develops and as organisations seek to organise work in a way that maximises its value-added. It also investigates the routes by which improvements in the occupation can be brought about. The report is based on the results of national studies in 8 countries: Denmark, Finland, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. The report does not purport to be comparative but, instead, attempts to highlight some significant cross-national issues. The labour market for secretaries Secretarial work constitutes between 5 and to 15 per cent of all women's employment according to the definitions in the countries ...
    DOI: 10.1787/650807020330
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