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  • 1990-1994  (81)
  • 1990  (81)
  • Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
  • Paris : OECD Publishing
Material
Language
Years
Year
  • 1
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    New York, NY : UNICEF | Genf : UNICEF | Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press ; [1.]1980; 2.1981/82 - 3.1982/83(1982); 1984(1983) -
    ISSN: 0251-9100 , 0265-718X , 1564-975X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: [1.]1980; 2.1981/82 - 3.1982/83(1982); 1984(1983) -
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. 1980 L' état des enfants dans le monde
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. ab 2.1981/82 La situation des enfants dans le monde
    Parallel Title: Dt. Ausg. bis 2008 Zur Situation der Kinder in der Welt
    Parallel Title: Dt. Ausg. ab 2009 UNICEF UNICEF-Report ...
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. The state of the world's children
    DDC: 360
    RVK:
    Keywords: Kinder ; Jugendschutz ; Welt ; Entwicklungsländer ; Lebensbedingungen ; Kind ; Kindersterblichkeit ; Dienstleistungsangebot ; Angebot ; Gesundheit ; Bildung ; Erziehung ; Frau ; Industriestaaten ; Entwicklungsländer ; Zeitschrift ; Kind ; Soziale Situation
    Note: Bis 2013 ohne Titelzusatz , 2018 nicht erschienen
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  • 2
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press | Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press ; 1.1979; N.S. 1.1997 -
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1979; N.S. 1.1997 -
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press ; 1.1986 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    ISSN: 1476-7937 , 8756-6583 , 8756-6583
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Dates of Publication: 1.1986 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Holocaust and genocide studies
    Keywords: Völkermord ; Politik ; Judenvernichtung ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Gesehen am 13.02.2017
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  • 4
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford [u.a.] : Pergamon Press | Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press ; 1.1986 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    ISSN: 8756-6583 , 1476-7937 , 1476-7937
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1986 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Holocaust and genocide studies
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geschichte ; Völkermord ; Judenvernichtung ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Beteil. Körp. anfangs: United States Holocaust Memorial Council and Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority, Jerusalem
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  • 5
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press | Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press ; 1.1979; N.S. 1.1997 -
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1979; N.S. 1.1997 -
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 6
    Book
    Book
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
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    Language: English
    Series Statement: Oxford medical publications
    Keywords: Gesellschaft ; Stress ; Krankheit
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  • 7
    Book
    Book
    Dobbs Ferry, NY : Oceana Publ. | Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press | New York, NY : Oxford Univ. Press | New York : Oceana | [New York u.a.] : Oceana Publ. [u.a.] | London [u.a.] : Oceana Publ.
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Language: English
    Former Title: Commentary on security documents
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Quelle ; Terrorismus ; Terrorismus
    Note: Anfangs von Robert A. Friedlander , Vol. 1 (1979) -
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  • 8
    Language: English
    DDC: 305.4'2'0924
    Keywords: Schreiner ; Olive ; 1855-1920 ; Biography ; Schreiner ; Olive ; 1855-1920 ; Biography ; Authors, South African ; 19th century ; Biography ; Briefsammlung ; Schreiner, Olive 1855-1920
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  • 9
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press | London : Milford | London : Cumberlege | London : Oxford Univ. Press ; 1.1903/04 -
    ISSN: 0068-1202
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1903/04 -
    Additional Information: 71=1985 von The Raleigh lecture on history London : Cumberlege [u.a.], 1923
    Additional Information: 76=1990; 80=1991; 82=1992; 84=1993; 87=1994; 90=1995; 94=1996; 97=1997; 101=1998; 105=1999; 111=2000 von British Academy Lectures and memoirs / British Academy Oxford : Univ. Press, 1991 0068-1202
    Additional Information: 79=3 von Royal Irish Academy Joint meeting of the Royal Irish Academy and the British Academy Oxford [u.a.] : Univ. Press, 1992
    Additional Information: 115=1; 120=2; 124=3; 130=4; 138=5; 150=6; 153=7; 161=8; 166=9; 172=10 von British Academy Biographical memoirs of fellows of the British Academy Oxford : Univ. Press, 2002 0068-1202
    Additional Information: 117=2001; 121=2002; 125=2003; 131=2004; 139=2005; 151=2006; 154=2007; 162=2008; 167=2009; 181=2010/11 von British Academy Lectures Oxford : Univ. Press, 2002 0068-1202
    Additional Information: Gekürzt als British Academy Annual Shakespeare lecture of the British Academy London : Oxford Univ. Press, 1911 0267-1042
    Additional Information: Gekürzt als Sir John Rhŷs memorial lecture London : Oxford Univ. Press, 1925
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als British Academy Proceedings of the British Academy
    DDC: 080
    RVK:
    Keywords: British Academy ; British Academy ; Monografische Reihe ; Bibliografie ; British Academy ; Schrifttum ; British Academy ; Veröffentlichung ; British Academy ; Schrifttum
    Note: Repr.: Nendeln : Kraus , Ab 76.1990 als Serie
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  • 10
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press | Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press ; 1.1979; N.S. 1.1997 -
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1979; N.S. 1.1997 -
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 11
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press | Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press ; 1.1979; N.S. 1.1997 -
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1979; N.S. 1.1997 -
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 12
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press | Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press ; 1.1979; N.S. 1.1997 -
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1979; N.S. 1.1997 -
    DDC: 910
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 13
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford : BIOS Scientific Publ. | New York, NY : Taylor & Francis | Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press ; 1.1984 -
    ISSN: 0957-0365
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1984 -
    DDC: 570
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 14
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press | London : Milford | London : Cumberlege | London : Oxford Univ. Press ; 1.1903/04 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    ISSN: 0068-1202
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1903/04 -
    Additional Information: 71=1985 von The Raleigh lecture on history London : Cumberlege [u.a.], 1923
    Additional Information: 76=1990; 80=1991; 82=1992; 84=1993; 87=1994; 90=1995; 94=1996; 97=1997; 101=1998; 105=1999; 111=2000 von British Academy Lectures and memoirs / British Academy Oxford : Univ. Press, 1991 0068-1202
    Additional Information: 79=3 von Royal Irish Academy Joint meeting of the Royal Irish Academy and the British Academy Oxford [u.a.] : Univ. Press, 1992
    Additional Information: 115=1; 120=2; 124=3; 130=4; 138=5; 150=6; 153=7; 161=8; 166=9; 172=10 von British Academy Biographical memoirs of fellows of the British Academy Oxford : Univ. Press, 2002 0068-1202
    Additional Information: 117=2001; 121=2002; 125=2003; 131=2004; 139=2005; 151=2006; 154=2007; 162=2008; 167=2009; 181=2010/11 von British Academy Lectures Oxford : Univ. Press, 2002 0068-1202
    Additional Information: Gekürzt als British Academy Annual Shakespeare lecture of the British Academy London : Oxford Univ. Press, 1911 0267-1042
    Additional Information: Gekürzt als Sir John Rhŷs memorial lecture London : Oxford Univ. Press, 1925
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als British Academy Proceedings of the British Academy
    DDC: 080
    RVK:
    Keywords: British Academy ; British Academy ; Monografische Reihe ; Bibliografie ; British Academy ; Schrifttum ; British Academy ; Veröffentlichung ; British Academy ; Schrifttum
    Note: Repr.: Nendeln : Kraus , Ab 76.1990 als Serie
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  • 15
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press | London : Heinemann Educational Books | London [u.a.] : Heinemann | Aldershot [u.a.] : Gower | Aldershot : Scolar Press ; 1.1981-19
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1981-19
    Subsequent Title: Fortgesetzt durch Pasold studies in textile, dress and fashion history
    DDC: 670
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 16
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press | London : Heinemann Educational Books | London [u.a.] : Heinemann | Aldershot [u.a.] : Gower | Aldershot : Scolar Press ; 1.1981-19
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.1981-19
    Subsequent Title: Fortgesetzt durch Pasold studies in textile, dress and fashion history
    DDC: 670
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 17
    ISBN: 0192826387
    Language: English
    Pages: XXIII, 372 S , Kt , 19 cm
    Edition: Repr.
    Series Statement: The World's classics
    DDC: 813/.2
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Bumppo, Natty (Fictitious character) Fiction ; Mohegan Indians Fiction ; Frontier and pioneer life Fiction ; Fiction in English. American writers,++1776-1830 - Texts ; United States Fiction History French and Indian War, 1754-1763
    Note: Literaturverz. S. [XIX] - XXI
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  • 18
    Book
    Book
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
    ISBN: 0192852299
    Language: English
    Pages: XII, 396 S. , Ill.
    Edition: 1. iss. as a paperback
    Series Statement: Oxford studies in social history
    DDC: 306.4830941
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Großbritannien ; Sport ; Sozialgeschichte
    Note: Orinally published 1989
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  • 19
    Language: English
    Pages: 56 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.89
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper surveys various estimates of the macroeconomic implications of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Most available studies focus on policies to reduce CO2 emissions and are limited to the costs of such policies. The survey first examines the key factors shaping baseline emission scenarios. It then looks at the aggregate cost of emission reductions, as shown by both global and country-specific models, and discusses the key determinants of the model outcomes. The paper also briefly reviews other options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and draws some more general lessons for the policy response to the threat of climate change ...
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  • 20
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.10
    Keywords: Development ; Ecuador
    Abstract: This paper presents an application to Ecuador of a computable general equilibrium model with a financial component, following the lead of F. Bourguignon, W. Branson and J. de Melo. Their macro-micro model was introduced in Technical Paper No.1 "Macroeconomic Adjustment and Income Distribution. A Macro-micro Simulation Model". The authors first review the crisis of the Ecuadorian economy, the stabilization programmes that were implemented by governments and the economic effects of these programmes. Then the model and the corresponding data base are presented and used to perform three dynamic simulations. In the first case, there is no adjustment; in the second simulation, all public expenditures are reduced by the same percentage; and in the third simulation, the annual growth in money supply is reduced. For each simulation, the authors display the effects on growth, imbalances and income distribution. Finally a sensitivity analysis has been undertaken in order to assess the impact ...
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  • 21
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.12
    Keywords: Development ; Korea, Republic of ; Mexico
    Abstract: The variety of channels through which devaluation of the exchange rate impacts on real tax receipts, calls for empirical clarification. This paper should be seen as a first attempt towards empirical evidence. It establishes the causal relationships between the real exchange rate and real tax receipts. A causality test rejects the hypothesis of unidirectional causality running from taxes to the exchange rate. The causal inferences from the Sims test allow to use the real exchange rate as an exogenous determinant in a simple simultaneous equation model. The model endogenises tax yields and tax bases to allow for a test of the significance and relevance of the exchange rate to explain variations in real tax receipts. An important insight results from the distinction of the direct (price) effect and indirect (output) effect of changes in the real exchange rate on tax receipts. A double-logarithmic version of the model with (seasonally adjusted) quarterly data is estimated for Korea and ...
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789282104705
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p)
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.81
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Private and Public Investment in Transport; Report of the Eighty-First Round Table on Transport Economics Held in Paris on 11-12 May 1989
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: En Europe, les liaisons de transport avec la périphérie sont toujours insuffisantes alors que certaines zones plus centrales sont entravées par la congestion de la circulation. Puisque les nouveaux projets d'investissement pour entretenir les infrastructures et augmenter leurs capacités ne peuvent pas toujours être entièrement financées par l’État, la question d’utiliser des fonds privés se pose. La quatre-vingt-unième Table ronde fait le bilan de ces problèmes et examine dans quelle mesure les apports de capitaux privés pourraient contribuer à financer les infrastructures de transport.
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9789282105290
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (109 p)
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.81
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Investissements publics et privés dans le secteur des transports ; Rapport de la quatre-vingt-unième table ronde d'économie des transports tenue à Paris les 11 et 12 mai 1989
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Europe's transport links with its periphery are still inadequate while some more central areas are plagued with traffic congestion. Since new investment projects to maintain infrastructure and increase its capacity cannot always be entirely funded out of the public purse, the question of using private sector funds arises. Round Table 81 takes stock of the problems and considers the contribution private capital could bring in funding transport infrastructure.
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  • 24
    Language: French
    Pages: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.9
    Keywords: Development ; Cote d'Ivoire
    Abstract: This paper responds to the need to examine with empirical data the way in which women and children have been affected by recession and structural adjustment. A careful analysis of the impact on women (as compared to men) in developing countries has not been undertaken before with this kind of data. To facilitate our understanding of the Ivorian household survey data, we also used existing sociological and anthropological studies. These studies formed the basis of our interpretation of socio-cultural structures, economic exchanges between men and women within the household, the sexual division of labour for certain tasks and types of employment (and on different crops: export/food production for the rural areas) and the way in which different sources of income are allocated to given expenditures and by whom. The essential point is that adjustment and other programmes can provide realistic opportunities and incentives for productive activities for men and women which are based on ...
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  • 25
    Language: English
    Pages: 79 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.19
    Keywords: Development ; Mexico
    Abstract: Maize has been a staple food in Mexico since pre-Hispanic times and is still an important source of calories and protein in daily consumption, especially for poor families. The pattern of consumption is nevertheless changing; with the share of food consumption declining and feed utilisation expanding. The agro-climatic conditions of production are highly diverse, with wide ranges in yields and rainfed areas accounting for the major share of total maize area and of total production. Mexico has become an important importer of both maize grain and seed. Reduction of these high levels of grain imports and growth in domestic production are priority policy objectives. Improved seeds are sown in only one-fifth of the total area cultivated, but half the irrigated area. Despite the wide genetic variability of maize in Mexico only five improved varieties accounted for almost half the improved seed used during the spring/summer growing season. There is a pressing need in Mexico for a wider ...
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  • 26
    Language: English
    Pages: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.86
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper presents work on wage/price blocks for the smaller OECD countries which has been implemented in OECD's world econometric model, INTERLINK. The paper discusses theoretical, statistical and practical aspects of the estimation of business sector wage equations and five domestic demand deflators. It also presents a variety of diagnostic simulations in order to evaluate overall model properties ...
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.75
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Industrial subsidies should ideally be measured in ways that permit comparisons across subsidy instruments and countries, and that facilitate subsequent economic analysis of the effects of subsidisation. This paper deals with a number of conceptual issues that arise from these requirements. It first covers some definitional issues, concluding that subsidies should be measured broadly to include a wide range of instruments and both direct and indirect subsidy schemes. The paper then discusses measurement concepts for a range of instruments available to governments ...
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9789264065567
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: The TBP Manual, issued in 1990, serves as a standard method for surveys and data collection for trade in disembodied technology between countries which continue to be difficult to compare because of differences in coverage and in the grouping of categories of data. It also makes a contribution to the methodological work forming part of the indicators framework of the Technology-Economy Programme (TEP).
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  • 29
    Language: English
    Pages: 99 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.25
    Keywords: Development ; Venezuela
    Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to set out a conceptual framework for policies to promote the diffusion of microelectronics in the context of developing countries. The author bases her discussion on the experience of Venezuela, a medium-sized Latin American economy which is currently trying to overcome an extreme dependence on oil export revenues and eliminate the over-protection of its industry in an effort to upgrade its international competitiveness. Current industrialisation policies are centred on three priority sectors: the modernisation of the existing petro-chemical complex; an expansion and upgrading of the mining and metallurgical sector (steel and aluminium); and, finally, aggressive export strategies for a select group of agro-industries, based on tropical agriculture and fisheries. Targeting the requirements of these three priority sectors should guide the formulation and implementation of a useroriented microelectronics strategy. The electronics industry needs to be ...
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  • 30
    Language: English
    Pages: 56 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.83
    Keywords: Economics ; Australia ; New Zealand
    Abstract: The paper examines the desirability of exchange rate management in a commodity-exporting country, in which the terms of trade are driven by the world commodity price cycle. When the authorities are assumed to pursue an inflation objective, the usefulness of managing the rate depends on the relative importance of monetary versus terms of trade shocks. Empirical evidence suggests that floating rate regimes will normally be preferred for countries like Australia and New Zealand, although circumstances can be envisaged in which either leaning-against-the-wind or leaning-with-the-wind policies are required. A review of experience since the Korean War boom suggests that attempts to fix the exchange rate in the face of the commodity cycle are likely to be associated with inflation problems, while labour market asymmetries can lead to resource misallocation and to pressures for the protection of the non-commodity traded goods sector ...
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9789282104712
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p)
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.82
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Promoting Regional Transport; Report of the Eighty-Second Round Table on Transport Economics Held in Paris on 1-2 June 1990
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Dans le cadre du transport régional de voyageurs, quelles sont les principales difficultés qui peuvent survenir ? La désaffection des passagers, la hausse des déficits et la détérioration des services sont de toute évidence des sujets de préoccupation pour les instances politiques qui voudraient que le transport régional de voyageurs assure sa mission de service public. La 82ème Table ronde compare les expériences acquises dans un certain nombre de pays et cherche à déterminer quelles sont les perspectives de développement des transport régionaux.
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  • 32
    Language: English
    Pages: 71 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.76
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper measures the net dollar position of the non-U.S. private sector and a few other international positions -- notably the net foreign-currency position of the U.S. private sector. These currency positions provide the basis for a discussion of portfolio effects which are especially relevant for questions related to the future financing of U.S. current-account deficits. A special feature of this exercise is the explicit identification of the non-U.S. public sector as a potential source of dollar assets for the non-U.S. private sector ...
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  • 33
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.27
    Keywords: Development ; Brazil
    Abstract: The Brazilian electronics industry operates within a policy regime which has promoted excessive diversification rather than concentrating on developing strong technological capabilities in appropriate areas. The international competitiveness of most segments of the electronics industry declined sharply during the first half of the 1980s. Four major sectors of the electronics industry are examined here: microelectronics, banking automation, colour TVs, and public digital exchanges. In microelectronics, the focus of specialisation should be on the design of application specific integrated circuits (ASICs). To support those design efforts with an efficient local IC fabrication capacity, the government needs to forge a cooperative arrangement among producers to enable the establishment of a silicon foundry of efficient scale. In banking automation, which is highly software and engineering intensive, firms could be expected to diversify into point-of-sale automation, without giving ...
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 37 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.79
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: There are four sets of questions that fiscal indicators can help answer: (1) Of the changes in the fiscal position, what part is due to changes in the economic environment and what part is due to policy? (2) Can the current course of fiscal policy be sustained, or will the government have to adjust taxes or spending? (3) What is the effect of fiscal policy on activity, through its effects on relative prices, be it the price of labour or the price of capital? (4) What is the macroeconomic impact of fiscal policy, through deficit and debt finance? This paper is one of three in this Working Paper Series, along with those by Chouraqui et al. and Gramlich, in which the assessment of fiscal policy is reconsidered. It argues that no single indicator can give even rough answers to all those questions. It then develops four (sets of) indicators, aimed at answering each of the questions ...
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.16
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This paper investigates the application of the principle of comparative advantage to policy analysis and policy formulation. It is concerned with both the theory and the measurement of comparative advantage. Despite its central role in economics, the theory is found to be at an impasse, with its usefulness confined mainly to the illustration of economic principles which in practice are not borne out by the evidence. The considerable methodological problems associated with the measurement of comparative advantage are highlighted in the paper. Attempts to derive indicators of comparative advantage, such as those associated with "revealed comparative advantage", "direct resource cost", "production cost" and "trade liberalisation" studies are reviewed. These methods are enlightening, but are unable to provide general perspectives which allow an analysis of dynamic comparative advantage. Comparative advantage, despite its centrality to economics, remains remote from policy ...
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789282105306
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (67 p)
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.82
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La promotion du transport dans les régions ; Rapport de la 82ème table ronde d'économie des transports tenue à Paris les 1 et 2 juin 1990
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: What are the main difficulties arising in connection with regional passenger transport? The drifting away of passengers, rising deficits and the deterioration of services offered are clearly matters of concern to the political bodies who would like to see such transport fulfilling its role as a public service. Round Table 82 compares the experiences of a number of countries and seeks to determine what the prospects are for the development of regional transport.
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  • 37
    Language: English
    Pages: 59 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.14
    Keywords: Development ; Ghana
    Abstract: The process of adjusting the balance between the public and private sectors, an essential part of structural reforms launched in Ghana, took place in an improved macroeconomic environment. The policies pursued, Economic Recovery Programme I (1983-86) and II (1987-89), have followed so far a consensual scheme, "stabilization first then structural adjustment". In the following study, the author points out the probability of success for this second step, by analysing the components of one of the most successful experiences on the African continent ...
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  • 38
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.26
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: The issue of the nature and extent of legal protection of software arises in the context of a global software industry in which: a) suppliers and users are both heavily concentrated in the OECD countries; b) US firms dominate the global market, especially for packaged software; c) software Research and Development (R&D) is performed mostly in the developed countries. As yet, very few developing country firms have emerged as internationally competitive software suppliers. The leading software producing and exporting country, the United States, has instituted a system of copyright protection for software which it has sought to export to other countries, even though there remains considerable uncertainty within the United States about the appropriateness of this approach. Indeed, the issue of what sort of regime is best suited to software protection remains an unresolved one. Most developing country software firms are involved in custom software development, for which copyright ...
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 67 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.20
    Keywords: Development ; Thailand
    Abstract: Maize is a relatively new crop in Thailand, but since commercial production began in the 1950s it has become the second most important crop in terms of planted area and one of the country's top four agricultural exports. Major changes are occurring in the maize market in Thailand. On the supply side, increased production through land expansion will be curtailed in the future to prevent further destruction of forest areas and the area under cultivation actually reduced. On the demand side, until recently most maize was exported, but the rapid increase in domestic demand for livestock feed brings the future of exports into question. Higher yields could be achieved with current maize varieties through the increased application of fertilizer. However, not only is fertilizer expensive (the price of nitrogen is about six times the price of maize): there are also risks involved in applying fertilizer in Thailand's mainly rain-fed production conditions. Public sector maize research in ...
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 57 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.17
    Keywords: Development ; Brazil
    Abstract: With annual production averaging over 20 million metric tons, Brazil is the second largest developing country producer of maize (after China) and the third largest in the world. This report analyses development and dissemination of maize research and technology in Brazil from a socio-economic and politico-institutional perspective. It concentrates therefore on agents and factors which influence development of research and its productive application. The report is in two parts. First it describes the role of maize in the Brazilian economy - the main characteristics of its production, marketing and consumption, together with relevant sectoral policies and regulation of seed production. Then it analyses the development of maize research and technology in Brazil, identifying the main agents involved and possible future developments in the light of the introduction of biotechnologies. As an Appendix, the authors review development of biotechnologies in Brazil. Many people have ...
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  • 41
    Language: English
    Pages: 65 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.28
    Keywords: Development ; Japan
    Abstract: The strategies of Japanese electronics firms have major implications for the electronics industries of the East Asian NIEs as well as the ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) member countries. Japan's electronics industry has been undergoing a drastic restructuring in recent years, precipitated to a large extent by the strong revaluation of the yen. A marked shift is occurring away from consumer electronics to industrial electronics and electronic components (in particular, semiconductors). At the same time, within the consumer electronics industry, firms have focused their domestic production on the highest value-added segments of the market. Labor-intensive production processes and products which are not sharply differentiated by quality or special performance features are being shifted to the low wage ASEAN countries. An elaborate intra-regional division of labor is taking shape. Subsidiaries of Japanese firms established elsewhere in Asia still rely heavily on ...
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  • 42
    Language: English
    Pages: 62 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.2
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Negotiations on trade in services are a key issue in the context of the multilateral trade negotiations of the Uruguay Round.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.29
    Keywords: Development ; Chinese Taipei
    Abstract: Taiwan’s information technology industry has experienced phenomenal growth in the last decade, and it is currently ranked among the largest in the world. The growth has been overwhelmingly export-oriented, with microcomputers and computer monitors leading in terms of both growth and production shares. The island also has a very large production of electronic parts and components. Taiwan’s exports of these information technology products still consists of items with low average unit value, though in the case of monitors its exports have rapidly converged to the world average. The share of exports concentrated in the 20 leading firms has declined steeply over the last decade, reflecting the dynamism of the small- and medium-scale firm sector. Likewise the share of foreign invested firms in exports has fallen significantly, indicating the relative strength of domestic firms. The degree of concentration of information product exports on the US market has also fallen, reflecting ...
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789282104729
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p)
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.83
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Role of the State in a Deregulated Transport Market; Report of the Eighty-Third Round Table on Transport Economics Held in Paris on 7-8 December 1989
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Cette Table ronde examine le rôle de l’État dans un marché des transports déréglementé et fournit des rapports sur la déréglementation dans les pays de la CEMT.
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  • 45
    Language: English
    Pages: 92 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.88
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Investment growth in the OECD area has been higher in the second half of the 1980s than in the 1970s. However, the ratio of net investment to GDP has remained low by past cyclical standards. This paper first reviews the evolution of business-sector fixed investment and addresses measurement issues related to computers and intangible investment. It then examines the determinants of investment and the extent to which governments can and should influence capital formation. Time-series properties of investment, output and the cost of capital do not appear to be consistent with well-established theories of investment. The best predictor of investment is found to be its own past history. Therefore, although higher investment could be beneficial to future consumption and economic growth, the effectiveness of policies to raise investment via the cost of capital is largely uncertain ...
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.32
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Investment in most heavily indebted countries has been weak since 1982. The widely accepted debt overhang proposition interprets the investment drop as a moral hazard problem: a heavy debt burden raises the incentive to consume, because the marginal benefit of investment would go to the creditor. This paper develops several hypotheses on optimal reactions of a credit-constrained debtor country on an increase in debt, on variations in the credit constraint, on changes in interest rates, and contrasts these with the predictions stemming from the debt overhang proposition. Empirical specifications of conventional investment functions and consumption functions (along the Permanent Income Hypothesis) lead to reject the debt overhang proposition, but find that the switch from positive to negative external transfers to the debtor countries is an important explanation for their investment drop. The major policy conclusion is that the 1989 shift in international debt management (the Brady ...
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  • 47
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (38 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.3
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States
    Abstract: Over the last decade, employment law in the United States has ceased to be governed solely by the right to 11 at will 11 termination on either side. As a result of a series of decisions in the civil courts of the various states, employers have become liable for damages - often very heavy - for dismissals which have been held to be unfair. A dismissal may be considered 11 unfair 11 because it violates public policy, because it breaches an implied contract or because it breaches an implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. The resultant restrictions on the right to fire are reminiscent of employment security laws in Europe.
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789264065024
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Flexibilité dans la gestion du personnel de l'administration publique
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This set of papers examines innovative developments in the managementofhuman resources in the public service, and analyses trends and issues in current personnel policies.
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  • 49
    ISBN: 0192852116
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 217 S , Ill., graph. Darst
    Edition: Repr.
    Series Statement: Oxford paperbacks
    Keywords: Zeit ; Zeitbewusstsein ; Zeitmessung ; Geschichte ; Zeit ; Zeitbewusstsein ; Zeitmessung ; Geschichte
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 194-206
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  • 50
    Book
    Book
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
    ISBN: 9780192810908
    Language: English
    Pages: XXVII, 283 S , Ill., Kt
    Edition: This ed. first issued in 1970, [Nachdr.]
    Series Statement: Oxford paperbacks
    Uniform Title: Táin bó Cúailnge 〈engl.〉
    DDC: 398.209417
    Keywords: Irish literature ; Epic literature, Irish ; Tales Ireland ; Irish literature ; Epic literature, Irish ; Tales Ireland
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: 152 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.72
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper examines the role of structural indicators in the process of multilateral surveillance of structural policies. An analytical framework is suggested that is based on welfare economics and which focuses on efficiency considerations. Potential indicators are examined for six areas -- taxation, trade, industry, agriculture, labour markets and financial markets. These case studies allow a series of lessons to be drawn concerning the use of structural indicators ...
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.24
    Keywords: Development ; Mexico
    Abstract: From 1983 to 1989 Mexico pursued a strategy of integration into the global economy and reducing dependence on the US economy. That strategy was based on bilateral sectoral negotiations with the United States and multilateral negotiations through GATT to obtain recipiocity for Mexico’s own trade liberalisation, combined with efforts to attract Japanese and European FDI. Economic reforms included rather harsh macroeconomic adjustments (notably fiscal-deficit reduction), which lowered annual inflation from 200 to 20 per cent, and trade liberalisation, which has helped to make Mexico a leading exporter of manufactures. More gradual and pragmatic reforms were undertaken to promote FDI, deregulate industry and privatise state enterprises. The globalisation strategy was perceived as too ambitious, however, and abandoned in mid-1989 for three principal reasons: the US-Canada FTA was seen as a threat, changes in Eastern Europe were thought to undermine possibilities for significantly ...
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.13
    Keywords: Development ; Pakistan
    Abstract: This study examines the role of public investment in determining the pattern of agricultural development in Pakistan. The focus is on investment in irrigation, which is seen to be the key to providing food self-sufficiency and allowing Pakistan to sustain a flows of net agricultural exports. Together with the physical and institutional infrastructure supporting agriculture, these investments set the stage and the pattern for the country's economic development. Agricultural development in Pakistan has in the past century and a half been driven mainly by horizontal expansion: increasing the area under the plough by increasing water control. Since the late 1960s, intensification has increased, though this has remained limited to individual crops and has not evolved into a broad strategy. Because of the environmental and other limits to further expansion of controlled water flows, the future calls for a strategy of more efficient use of available land and water, and a more ...
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  • 54
    ISBN: 9789264065031
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Flexible Personnel Management in the Public Service
    Keywords: Governance
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  • 55
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.11
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This paper is a state-of-the-art report on the scope and efficacy of macroeconomic policies, both demand-management and supply-side, in relation to the level and composition of aggregate domestic savings (household, corporate, and government) performance in developing countries. Its central focus is on the extent to which macroeconomic policies help or hinder the optimal mobilisation and allocation of voluntary and contractual savings. It analyses: the impact of fiscal policies (fiscal balance, taxation, tax incentives); fiscal reforms and savings; and the interaction between Government and private savings; the financial repression and inflationary finance as contributory factors to low domestic savings; implications of financial liberalisation for savings and investment; the linkages between formal and informal finance; the regulatory, prudential, and developmental role of central banks; exchange rate and external finance policies and their bearing on capital flight and inflows of ...
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 83 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.74
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Subsidisation of industrial activities distorts the allocation of scarce resources, is a burden on government finances and generates friction in international trade. This paper draws on a wide range of data sources to examine industrial subsidisation in OECD countries. The sectoral distribution of subsidies and the relative importance of the different instruments of subsidisation are highlighted. The final section of the paper evaluates, to the extent possible, the economic effects of subsidy policy ...
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  • 57
    Language: English
    Pages: 67 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.23
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Many developing countries lack access to future and option markets to hedge the enormous risks arising from the currency exposure of their foreign debt. And even if these markets are accessible, their maturities are often too short compared to the maturities of long-term debt. The important hedging instrument available for any country, however, is the currency mix of foreign debt itself. This paper provides a theory for the optimal currency composition of foreign debt for market constrained developing countries. It also develops the empirical methodology to determine the optimal currency mix which is then applied. Applying the method to Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico, the Philippines and South Korea, the optimal mix is compared to alternative currency compositions, both in terms of foreign exchange gains and losses as well as variability of balance of payments flows ...
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.30
    Keywords: Development ; India
    Abstract: Prior to the 1980s, India's electronics industry was heavily protected. The industry used inefficient production methods to produce obsolete products of low quality at high cost. Since 1983, various attempts were made to "liberalize" the industry. The overall effects have been accelerated growth, the entry of many new firms in the market place and an increased reliance on foreign technology and components. Four case studies, covering personal computers (PCs), colour TVs (CTVs), electronic switching equipment, and integrated circuits (ICs), demonstrate the impact which the government's new electronics policy has had on the industry's technological capabilities and international competitiveness. There is growing concern that liberalization has eroded the industry's technological base and made it far too dependent on imports. A policy shift is likely to occur in the near future to promote greater localisation of component production as well as local research and development ...
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  • 59
    Language: English
    Pages: 100 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.78
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: During the past decade, the formulation of fiscal policy has been increasingly founded on medium-term considerations associated with public debt and economic efficiency. In this regard, this paper, and the ones by Olivier Blanchard and Edward Gramlich in the same Working Paper Series, considers the implications of this development for the overall appraisal of fiscal policy in OECD countries. The paper begins with a review of the existing measure of discretionary change in budget positions and proposes refinements to it. The paper then introduces and illustrates several new indicators designed to help assess the sustainability of policies in the short- and medium-run and their first-round impacts on aggregate demand ...
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  • 60
    Language: English
    Pages: 59 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.77
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The paper examines evidence concerning the impact of financial liberalisation and innovation on monetary policy. The indicator value of monetary aggregates and the role of liquidity constraints in the transmission mechanism affecting aggregate demand are examined. Countries where financial liberalisation has led to problems with the role of monetary aggregates in general also display evidence of a reduced role for liquidity constraints in aggregate demand behaviour. The ability of the authorities to influence market-determined interest rates, a key aspect of monetary transmission in markets where liquidity constraints are not binding, is also examined ...
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  • 61
    Language: English
    Pages: 39 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.15
    Keywords: Development ; Brazil
    Abstract: This study provides an economic and econometric analysis of agriculture in the economic cycle, with special reference to the recent experience of Brazil. Part One of the paper discusses the economic theory and points to the relevance of classical texts for analysis of agriculture's role in the economic crisis facing developing countries. Part Two of the paper tests the hypothesis that agriculture exercises a stabilising role in the economic cycle using statistical and econometric procedures. It offers a novel application of tests of cointegration and stationarity and concludes on this basis that agriculture does indeed exercise a stabilising role in the economic cycle. The study was concluded under the Development Centre's programme "Developing Country Agriculture and International Economic Trends", directed by Ian Goldin ...
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 59 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.22
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: In the 1960s and 1970s a number of views were formed about unemployment in developing countries, which have remained largely accepted since then. The views can be summarized as three propositions: a) the poor cannot afford to become unemployed; b) labour markets in developing countries are always sufficiently open and flexible for work to be found, so that c) unemployment is a reflection of the search for jobs with high earnings on the part of those able to finance search costs. In contrast, the conclusions of this review are that the poor can be and are increasingly to be found in large numbers among the unemployed; many young people have great difficulty in finding any sort of work, especially regular work; unemployment is high and appears to have been rising over the past 20 years. In sum, in the light of this review of evidence, the conventional wisdom described in the so-called luxury unemployment hypothesis is seriously flawed and should be set aside.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.73
    Keywords: Economics ; Japan
    Abstract: This paper surveys Japanese saving behaviour, whose rate is one of the highest among OECD countries. Macroeconomic factors such as rates of economic growth and inflation may have been important in explaining the high saving rate in the past and the more recent downward trend. Even though growth is now rather lower than in the past, there remain important structural factors which explain the high rate of saving. The most important of these relates to demographic factors. Government policies and cultural and institutional factors seem to have played a relatively less important role. In the coming years, rapid ageing of the population is likely to have an important effect on the rate of saving. The Japanese saving rate is expected to show a substantial decline beyond the year 2000 according to life-cycle model simulations. The implications of this for domestic investment and international saving/investment balances may be important ...
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.80
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper is one of three in this Working Paper Series, along with those by Chouraqui et al. and Blanchard, in which the assessment of fiscal policy is reconsidered. It reviews the question of what type of budget indicators the OECD should compile. Instead of the cyclically-adjusted budget, it argues for compiling several indicators to indicate fiscal performance on several dimensions. One measure based entirely on identities can describe the debt-stabilisation gap, one can describe discretionary fiscal policy change, and one can describe the fiscal impact of the budget. Several sources of confusion can be cleared up with this multi-indicator approach: at the same time there will be the costs of explaining what indicator should be used for what purpose ...
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (66 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.2
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Japan
    Abstract: The size, structure and growth of health and pension programmes have, in recent years, been matters of concern to all OECD governments and societies. At issue are not only currently important social and economic questions, but also future difficulties which are likely to arise with the ageing of OECD population structures. Japan has the fastest ageing population structure in the OECD. In 1960 the proportion of the population aged 65 and over in Japan was 5 per cent. In 1985 this proportion was 10 per cent, and in 2000 it is projected to be 15 per cent. The resulting pressures on social programmes are well understood in Japan, and the way in which the Japanese government and people are approaching this issue is of interest to other countries which must soon face similar problems.
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  • 66
    Language: English
    Pages: 78 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.84
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper presents a technical description of the OECD's multi-sector, multi-country applied general equilibrium model -- the WALRAS model. This model has been developed with the explicit objective of quantifying the economy-wide effects of agricultural policies in OECD countries. The common specification of the model for the major OECD agricultural trading countries/regions (Australia, Canada, EEC, Japan, New Zealand and the United States) is presented in detail. The construction of the benchmark data sets and the calibration of the model are also fully described ...
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.21
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This paper deals with the problem of definition and measurement of the efficiency of agricultural production. Using an agronomical simulation model, it makes comparisons of wheat, maize, sunflower and soybean production in different regions of France, Argentina and the United States. The ability of a country to defend its position as an exporter of a specific agricultural product or to maintain local production of a product in deficit, facing the competition of imports, is shown to depend on three factors: 1) the efficiency of agricultural production; 2) the efficiency of an internal transportation, stockage and trading system; and 3) the level of protection for agriculture introduced by different national policies. The first two factors are usually considered as defining the comparative advantage of a country on the considered product. In the international context of today, it is important for many developing countries to know their relative position in terms of ...
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 72 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.85
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper reviews the influence of a variety of different monetary rules for the G3 economies on the comparative simulation properties of a recent version of the OECD INTERLINK model. The simulated shocks are typically of a "global" nature, with the main objective being to assess the relative effectiveness of alternative monetary policy settings in achieving a stable set of outcomes for main macroeconomic aggregates at the global level. Since the relative performance of different policies seems likely to depend on both the nature of the shocks and specific structural features of the model used, it also examines the extent to which these results are likely to be empirically fragile ...
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.31
    Keywords: Development ; Ghana
    Abstract: In 1957, when independence came, Ghana was one of the most advanced economies in sub-Saharan Africa. It seemed well placed to make rapid and substantial progress. In the event, economic performance was dismal, and by 1982 the economy was all but in ruins. External conditions and the weather can carry some of the blame for this. However, the fault lay mostly in internal policy, which, contrary to sound advice given by Arthur Lewis in 1953, discriminated against agriculture and increasingly inhibited market forces. Since 1983 economic reform and recovery have been under way. Here a realistic exchange rate has been central, and market forces have been resurgent. Apart from encouraging the cocoa farmer, policies have not noticeably included agriculture. Stateencouraged agricultural research and development and rural infrastructure could, however, be important, alongside soundly based industrial development ...
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  • 70
    Language: English
    Pages: 78 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.82
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Concerns over the pace, scope and causes of environmental degradation have led to a renewed interest in the way environmental and economic policies interact. This paper first reviews the main causes for excessive use of environmental resources in a market economy, and how governments may conduct policies to counter environmental degradation. The focus of the paper then shifts towards the implications of economic growth on overall wealth and the possibilities for preserving or expanding the basis of this wealth, particularly in relation to the notion of sustainable development. Finally, it examines policy options for limiting global environmental problems such as climate change, in particular as regards the trade-offs involved in curbing the use of fossil fuels ...
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  • 71
    Language: English
    Pages: 73 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.18
    Keywords: Development ; Argentina
    Abstract: In analysing Argentina's variable growth record over the period 1913 to 1984, the study develops a comprehensive framework which disaggregates the economy into three sectors: agriculture, nonagriculture and government. The aim is to examine the relative performance of these sectors in the context of macro-economic policies. The study focuses on the role of the real exchange rate. This is related not only to taxation and trade, as is often the case, but also to macro-economic policies. The differential impact of changes in the real exchange rate on the different sectors is examined, according to their degree of tradability. This analysis is then developed to show how sectoral prices are affected by macro and trade policies, as well as world terms of trade and how this affects sectoral output and hence, resource allocation and productivity. The analysis is presented in terms of a single dynamic model which simulates the growth of the Argentine economy over the entire 1913-1984 period ...
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 56 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.87
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: In the 1980s, real consumption wages fell relative to labour efficiency in OECD countries, although there has been some pressure on wages recently. The persistent moderation of wages was due to labour-market slack, as well as rising non-wage labour costs and slower increases in output prices relative to consumer prices in some countries. It does not appear to reflect changes in wage behaviour. The analysis of time-series properties suggests that, typically, wages do not fully catch up to past losses. There is, furthermore, no strong evidence for instability of well-specified wage equations with the exception of France where stringent monetary policy since 1983 may have modified the formation of expectations ...
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (30 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.1
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The child-care debate is fuelled by various protagonists - early-childhood experts, educators, sociologists, economists - who each tend to consider only one aspect of this multifaceted problem. Consequently, the debate is often confused and inconclusive, particularly when it comes to establishing government policy. To ensure rationality in such public decisions, a general framework is needed to encompass all relevant aspects. This paper proposes a methodological approach to designing such a framework.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (46 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.4
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Existing multi-country earnings statistics generally relate to only a fraction of the economy's industries and occupations, often to manual workers in manufacturing industry. This paper discusses the annual basis of measurement, which has particular advantages when aggregations or comparisons of earnings need to be made across sectors, occupations, or countries that have markedly differing payment systems. Three main types of statistic of annual earnings are identified: estimates of annual earnings of the Average Production Worker (in manufacturing only), made in connection with OECD calculations of tax rates; aggregate wages and salaries per employee, corrected onto a full-time equivalent basis; and statistics based on individual data, which may come from household surveys, employer surveys or tax and social security records. Some comparisons among the available statistics examine to what extent the differing indicators give similar impressions as regards the level and trend of earnings.
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  • 75
    Book
    Book
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
    ISBN: 0195032764 , 0195032772 , 0195066561
    Language: English
    Pages: XXXIV, 342 S. , Ill.
    Edition: 1. issued as an Oxford Univ. Press paperback
    DDC: 973/.0496
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geschichte 1750-1985 ; Geschichte ; Sklaverei ; Autobiography ; Slavery Sources History ; Slaves Biography ; Slaves Social conditions ; Autobiografische Literatur ; Autobiografie ; Sklave ; Literatur ; Rezeption ; Sklave ; USA ; USA ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Biografie ; Quelle ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Biografie ; Quelle ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Biografie ; Quelle ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; USA ; Literatur ; Sklave ; USA ; Sklave ; Autobiografische Literatur ; Rezeption ; Geschichte 1750-1985 ; USA ; Sklave ; Autobiografie ; Rezeption ; Geschichte 1750-1985
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 76
    Book
    Book
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
    ISBN: 0192115979
    Language: English
    Pages: XIII, 494 S , 24 cm
    Edition: Repr
    DDC: 398'.41
    Keywords: Superstition
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 77
    Book
    Book
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
    ISBN: 0198772998 , 019877298X
    Language: English
    Pages: XII, 248 S. , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: The library of political economy
    DDC: 306.368
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Arbeitsteilung ; Wohlfahrtstheorie ; Wirtschaftssystem
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  • 78
    Book
    Book
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
    ISBN: 0192892169 , 0192192302
    Language: English
    Pages: IX, 314 S.
    Edition: 2. ed., reprinted, [new ed.]
    Series Statement: An OPUS book
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Mündliche Überlieferung ; Geschichte ; Oral history ; Oral history ; Geschichte ; Mündliche Überlieferung
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  • 79
    Book
    Book
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
    ISBN: 0198222866
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 447 S , graph. Darst
    Parallel Title: Online-Ausg. Christian, David Living water
    DDC: 338.476635
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geschichte 1800-1900 ; Vodka industry History ; 19th century ; Russia ; Vodka Social aspects ; Russia ; Drinking of alcoholic beverages History ; 19th century ; Russia ; Alkoholkonsum ; Wodka ; Russia. Alcoholic drinks. Consumption. Social aspects,++history ; Russia Social conditions ; 1801-1917 ; Sowjetunion ; Russland ; Wodka ; Geschichte 1680-1914 ; Russland ; Wodka ; Geschichte 1801-1917 ; Russland ; Sozialgeschichte 1801-1917 ; Russland ; Alkoholkonsum ; Geschichte 1801-1917 ; Russland ; Wodka ; Geschichte 1800-1860
    Description / Table of Contents: Literaturverz. S. [423] - 436
    Note: Includes bibliography and index
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  • 80
    Book
    Book
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
    ISBN: 0198577249
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 144 S.
    Series Statement: Biosocial Society series 2
    DDC: 305.5
    RVK:
    Keywords: Soziobiologie ; Soziale Klasse
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  • 81
    Book
    Book
    Oxford [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
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