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  • 2015-2019  (1.618)
  • 1995-1999  (146)
  • World Bank Group  (1.494)
  • Grimm, Wilhelm  (245)
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  • 1
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm
    DDC: 398.2092243
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Grimm, Jacob Correspondence ; Grimm, Wilhelm Correspondence ; Grimm, Jacob Correspondence ; Grimm, Wilhelm Correspondence ; Philologists Correspondence ; Germany ; Philologists Correspondence ; Briefsammlung ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863
    Anmerkung: Enth. Briefe von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm , Bd. 1. Briefwechsel zwischen Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm : T. 1. Text. T. 2. Zusätzliche Texte; Sagenkonkordanz. T. 3. Kommentar / verfasst und herausgegeben von Stephan Bialas-Pophanken , Bd. 2. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Karl Bartsch, Franz Pfeiffer und Gabriel Riedel , Bd. 3. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Gustav Hugo , Bd. 4. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Theodor Georg von Karajan, Wilhelm Wackernagel, Johann Hugo Wyttenbach und Julius Zacher , Bd. 5. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit den Verlegern des "Deutschen Wörterbuchs" Karl Reimer und Salomon Hirzel , Bd. 6. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Rudolf Hildebrand, Matthias Lexer und Karl Weigand , Bd. 7. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Gustav Freytag, Moriz Haupt, Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben und Franz Joseph Mone , Bd. 8. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Johann Martin Lappenberg, Friedrich Lisch und Georg Waitz , Bd. 9. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit ihren älteren Verwandten , 1,1 (2001) -
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Hildesheim [u.a.] : Olms-Weidmann
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: TIFF, Vers.6.0, 600 dpi, 1 bit (s/w), ITU group 4; Digitalisierungsvorlage: Primärausgabe
    Ausgabe: Electronic. ed. Hildesheim [u.a.] Olms 2006 Olms online. Reprints. Sammlung zur Philosophie und deutschsprachigen Literatur des 16. bis 20. Jahrhunderts
    Ausgabe: Göttingen GDZ
    Vorheriger Titel: Teilw. u.d.T. Grimm, Jacob: Sämtliche Werke
    Anmerkung: Nachdr. teilw. in der Reihe Documenta linguistica , SUB Göttingen
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  • 3
    Buch
    Buch
    München : Denkimpulse Verlag
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 113 mm x 50 mm, 200 g
    Ausgabe: Originaltext der Ausgabe letzter Hand, 1. Auflage (100 Exemplare)
    Originaltitel: Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    DDC: 390
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Künstlerbuch ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Buchkunst
    Anmerkung: Erschienen: 12 Mini-Heftchen im Schuber, exklusive Ausgabe mit Golddruck, künstlerischen Einbänden und goldenem Schmuckbändchen, Teilausgabe der Kinder- und Hausmärchen
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  • 4
    Buch
    Buch
    München : Denkimpulse Verlag
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 113 mm x 50 mm, 200 g
    Ausgabe: Originaltext der Ausgabe letzter Hand, 1. Auflage (100 Exemplare)
    Originaltitel: Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    DDC: 390
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Künstlerbuch ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Buchkunst
    Anmerkung: Erschienen: 12 Mini-Heftchen im Schuber, exklusive Ausgabe mit Golddruck, künstlerischen Einbänden und goldenem Schmuckbändchen, Teilausgabe der Kinder- und Hausmärchen
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  • 5
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 24 cm
    DDC: 398.2
    Schlagwort(e): Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Fairy tales ; Germany ; Anthologie ; Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Vergleichende Märchenforschung
    Anmerkung: Enth. Literaturangaben und Register
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  • 6
    Buch
    Buch
    Berlin : bei G. Reimer
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten:
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder- und Haus-Märchen
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Anmerkung: In Fraktur
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Göttingen : Dieterich
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Ausgabe: Große Ausgabe
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausgabe München Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 2022 1 Online-Ressource
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
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  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Berlin : bei G. Reimer
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten:
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausgabe München Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 2022 1 Online-Ressource
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Haus-Märchen
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Anmerkung: In Fraktur
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  • 9
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten:
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausgabe München Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 2022 1 Online-Ressource
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Haus-Märchen
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Anmerkung: In Fraktur
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  • 10
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Ausgabe: Große Ausg.
    Paralleltitel: Online-Ausg. Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder und Hausmärchen.
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 11
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Ausgabe: Große Ausg.
    Paralleltitel: Online-Ausg. Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder und Hausmärchen.
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 12
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: octavo
    Ausgabe: Neue durchges. Ausg.
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Anmerkung: T. 1. 2
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  • 13
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Ausgabe: Große Ausgabe
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausgabe München Bayerische Staatsbibliothek 2022 1 Online-Ressource
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
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  • 14
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten:
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion Kinder- und Haus-Märchen
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
    Anmerkung: In Fraktur
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  • 15
    ISBN: 3424007358 , 3424007366
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 20 cm
    Serie: Die Märchen der Weltliteratur
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  • 16
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm
    DDC: 398.2092243
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Grimm, Jacob Correspondence ; Grimm, Wilhelm Correspondence ; Grimm, Jacob Correspondence ; Grimm, Wilhelm Correspondence ; Philologists Correspondence ; Germany ; Philologists Correspondence ; Briefsammlung ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863
    Anmerkung: Enth. Briefe von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm , Bd. 1. Briefwechsel zwischen Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm : T. 1. Text. T. 2. Zusätzliche Texte; Sagenkonkordanz. T. 3. Kommentar / verfasst und herausgegeben von Stephan Bialas-Pophanken , Bd. 2. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Karl Bartsch, Franz Pfeiffer und Gabriel Riedel , Bd. 3. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Gustav Hugo , Bd. 4. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Theodor Georg von Karajan, Wilhelm Wackernagel, Johann Hugo Wyttenbach und Julius Zacher , Bd. 5. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit den Verlegern des "Deutschen Wörterbuchs" Karl Reimer und Salomon Hirzel , Bd. 6. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Rudolf Hildebrand, Matthias Lexer und Karl Weigand , Bd. 7. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Gustav Freytag, Moriz Haupt, Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben und Franz Joseph Mone , Bd. 8. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit Johann Martin Lappenberg, Friedrich Lisch und Georg Waitz , Bd. 9. Briefwechsel der Brüder Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm mit ihren älteren Verwandten , 1,1 (2001) -
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  • 17
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: octavo
    Serie: Märchen der Weltliteratur ...
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Deutschland ; Märchen
    Anmerkung: In Fraktur
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  • 18
    Buch
    Buch
    Berlin : Kinderbuchverl.
    ISBN: 3358000923
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 16 cm
    Originaltitel: Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Anmerkung: Teilausg
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  • 19
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten:
    Suppl.: Rezension Wardetzky, Kristin "Mit Überraschung bemerkt man die Verwandtschaft mit den Märchen anderer weit entfernter Völker" 2014
    Schlagwort(e): Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Märchenforschung ; Lyrik ; Literatur ; Deutsch ; Prosa ; Kommentar ; Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Märchenforschung ; Lyrik ; Literatur ; Deutsch ; Prosa
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  • 20
    Sprache: Deutsch
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  • 21
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 24 cm
    Suppl.: Rezension Karbusicky, Vladimir [Rezension von: Volkslieder, aus der Handschriftensammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg, Brüder Grimm. Hrsg. von Charlotte Oberfeld ..., Bd. 1 - 3. 1985-89] 1991
    Suppl.: Rezension Schade, Ernst [Rezension von: Volkslieder, aus der Handschriftensammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg, Brüder Grimm. Hrsg. von Charlotte Oberfeld ..., Bd. 2 - 3. 1987-89] 1991
    Suppl.: Rezension Schenda, Rudolf [Rezension von: Volkslieder, aus der Handschriftensammlung der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg, Brüder Grimm. Hrsg. von Charlotte Oberfeld ..., Bd. 1 - 3 . 1985-89] 1990
    Schlagwort(e): Aufsatzsammlung ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863 ; Volkslied ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Volkslied
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  • 22
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Suppl.: Rezension Kaiste, Jaanna [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 3, Gemeinsame Werke, Bd. 43-45] 2006
    Suppl.: Rezension Beck, Heinrich [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 1. Bd. 17-18] 1995
    Suppl.: Rezension Speer, Heino [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 1. Bd. 17-18] 1995
    Suppl.: Rezension Lecouteux, C. [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Bd. 17-18] 1994
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in Pöge-Alder, Kathrin, 1965 - [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob, 1785-1863, Werke] 2006
    Vorheriger Titel: Teilw. u.d.T. Grimm, Jacob: Sämtliche Werke
    Anmerkung: Nachdr. teilw. in der Reihe Documenta linguistica
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  • 23
    Buch
    Buch
    Hildesheim [u.a.] : Olms-Weidmann
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Suppl.: Rezension Kaiste, Jaanna [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 3, Gemeinsame Werke, Bd. 43-45] 2006
    Suppl.: Rezension Beck, Heinrich [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 1. Bd. 17-18] 1995
    Suppl.: Rezension Speer, Heino [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Abt. 1. Bd. 17-18] 1995
    Suppl.: Rezension Lecouteux, C. [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob; Grimm, Wilhelm, Werke, Forschungsausgabe, Bd. 17-18] 1994
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in Pöge-Alder, Kathrin, 1965 - [Rezension von: Grimm, Jacob, 1785-1863, Werke] 2006
    Vorheriger Titel: Teilw. u.d.T. Grimm, Jacob: Sämtliche Werke
    Anmerkung: Nachdr. teilw. in der Reihe Documenta linguistica
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  • 24
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Göttingen : Dieterich
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Ausgabe: Große Ausg.
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausgabe Berlin Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz 2021 Historische Drucke digital
    Ausgabe: Nachlass Grimm digital
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
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  • 25
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion Grimm, Jacob, 1785 - 1863 Deutsches Wörterbuch
    DDC: 433
    RVK:
    RVK:
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    Schlagwort(e): German language ; Dictionaries ; German language - Dictionaries ; Wörterbuch ; Deutsch ; Grimm, Jacob 1785-1863 ; Grimm, Wilhelm 1786-1859 ; Deutschland ; Geschichte
    Kurzfassung: Neubearbeitung
    Anmerkung: Quellen-Verz. im Verl. Huth, Göttingen, erschienen. - Quellen-Verz., photomechanischer Neudr. im Verl. Funk, Berlin, ersch.
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  • 26
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Göttingen : Dieterich
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Ausgabe: Große Ausg.
    Ausgabe: Online-Ausgabe Berlin Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz 2021 Historische Drucke digital
    Ausgabe: Nachlass Grimm digital
    Paralleltitel: Elektronische Reproduktion von Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Prosa ; Literatur
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  • 27
    Sprache: Deutsch
    RVK:
    RVK:
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    RVK:
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    Schlagwort(e): Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Vergleichende Märchenforschung
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  • 28
    ISBN: 315030024X , 9783150300428 , 9783150300480
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 20 cm; (2001-2010): 17 cm
    Ausgabe: Ausg. letzter Hand mit den Orig.-Anm. der Brüder Grimm
    Vorheriger Titel: Gesamtausgabe
    DDC: 398.20943
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Anmerkung: Literaturangaben
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  • 29
    ISBN: 315030024X , 9783150300428 , 9783150300480
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 20 cm; (2001-2010): 17 cm
    Ausgabe: Ausg. letzter Hand mit den Orig.-Anm. der Brüder Grimm
    Vorheriger Titel: Gesamtausgabe
    DDC: 398.20943
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Anmerkung: Literaturangaben
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  • 30
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Originaltitel: Die 100 schönsten Märchen der Brüder Grimm
    Schlagwort(e): Hörbuch ; CD
    Anmerkung: "Neu aufgenommen" - Information auf dem Umschlag
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  • 31
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Ausgabe: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Suppl.: In Beziehung stehende Ressource 9783867372947
    Suppl.: In Beziehung stehende Ressource 9783867372954
    Suppl.: In Beziehung stehende Ressource 9783867373135
    Suppl.: In Beziehung stehende Ressource 9783867372725
    Suppl.: In Beziehung stehende Ressource 9783867372732
    Suppl.: In Beziehung stehende Ressource 9783867372848
    Suppl.: In Beziehung stehende Ressource 9783867372855
    Suppl.: In Beziehung stehende Ressource 9783867372930
    Suppl.: In Beziehung stehende Ressource 9783867373364
    Suppl.: In Beziehung stehende Ressource 9783867373371
    Serie: Die schönsten Märchen der Brüder Grimm 6
    Serie: Die schönsten Märchen der Brüder Grimm
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 390
    Schlagwort(e): (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (BISAC Subject Heading)FIC010000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Brüder Grimm ; Buch ; Der Teufel mit den drei goldenen Haaren ; Der treue Johannes ; Die Bremer Stadtmusikanten ; Grimm ; Hänsel und Gretel ; Hörbuch ; Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Kinderbuch ; Märchen ; Romantik ; Sterntaler ; (VLB-WN)9114
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9783862721078
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource, 240 Seiten
    Serie: Dressler Klassiker
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Die schönsten Märchen der Brüder Grimm
    DDC: 398.20943
    Schlagwort(e): Deutsch ; Märchen ; Deutschland ; Deutschland ; Mitteleuropa ; Deutschland ; (Produktform)Electronic book text ; (Zielgruppe)ab 6 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV012000 ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV007000 ; (VLB-WN)9250 ; Märchen ; Klassiker ; Hausmärchen ; Rapunzel ; Drosselbart ; Schneewittchen ; Däumling ; Dornröschen ; gestiefelte Kater ; Froschkönig ; Frau Holle ; Hänsel und Gretel ; Rotkäppchen ; Vom Fischer und seiner Frau ; Aschenputtel ; Bremer Stadtmusikanten ; (VLB-WN)9232 ; (Zielgruppe)ab 4 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JNF002000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; (Zielgruppe)ab 6 Jahren ; Kinderalltag ; Familie ; (Produktgruppe)13: Dressler ; (DDB-Sachgruppen)07: Kinder- und Jugendliteratur ; Anthologie ; Deutsch ; Märchen
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9783150112465
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 471 Seiten , 20 cm
    Serie: Reclams klassischer Märchenschatz
    Serie: Reclams Märchenschatz
    Originaltitel: Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    DDC: 398.20943
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Deutsch ; Märchen
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789264674523
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (111 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Parallele Sprachausgabe Delivering Quality Health Services: A Global Imperative
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: La couverture sanitaire universelle (CSU) vise à assurer la sécurité sanitaire et l'accès universel aux services de soins essentiels sans difficultés financières pour les individus, les familles et les communautés. La CSU permet une transition vers des sociétés et des économies plus productives et équitables et est inscrite dans les objectifs de développement durable (ODD) à l'horizon 2030. Mais la CSU ne devrait pas être mise en œuvre sans prendre en compte la qualité des soins fournis. Qualité signifie des soins efficaces, sûrs, centrés sur la personne, rapides, équitables, intégrés et efficients. Des soins de haute qualité améliorent les résultats pour la santé et réduisent le gaspillage. Cela fait partie intégrante d'un système de santé durable et de grande valeur. L’accès universel à des soins de santé de haute qualité n’est pas un luxe que seuls les pays riches peuvent se permettre. Cela peut être réalisé dans tous les contextes avec un leadership, une planification et une mise en œuvre solides. Les résultats valent l'investissement. Bien que des progrès significatifs aient été accomplis pour améliorer la qualité des soins, des efforts supplémentaires sont nécessaires, tant dans les pays en développement que dans les pays développés. Ce rapport décrit la situation actuelle en matière de CSU et de qualité globale des soins, et décrit les mesures que les gouvernements, les services de santé et leurs travailleurs, ainsi que les citoyens et les patients, doivent prendre de manière urgente.
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  • 35
    ISBN: 9783847700098
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 435 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Ausgabe: 3. Auflage 2019
    DDC: 398.20943
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Märchen ; Deutsch ; Anthologie ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Kinder- und Hausmärchen ; Entstehung ; Sammler ; Illustration ; Geschichte 1985
    Kurzfassung: Wer hat den Brüdern Grimm was, wann und wie erzählt? Vor knapp 200 Jahren erschienen ihre Kinder- und Hausmärchen in der ersten - und weitgehend unbekannten - Fassung. Der neue Sonderband der Anderen Bibliothek macht diese Erstfassung wieder zugänglich - und erzählt die Geschichten der bisher so gut wie namenlosen Zuträger. Seit ihrem Erscheinen vor 200 Jahren sind die von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm gesammelten Märchen das meistaufgelegte, meistübersetzte und bekannteste Buch in der deutschen Literaturgeschichte geworden. Aber während die beiden Philologenbrüder ihre literarischen Quellen benannten, machten sie zu den mündlich oder handschriftlich zugekommenen Märchen lediglich vage oder namenlose Angaben. Nur in der hier edierten Erstfassung von 1812 können wir noch die Märchen dieser Zuträger hinter den Märchen lesen, scheint der Dialog zwischen Erzählern und Sammlern noch durch. In den späteren und gefälligeren Fassungen wird das ursprüngliche Repertoire der Beiträger immer unkenntlicher. Heinz Rölleke erlöst die Erzähler hinter den Märchen, die im Gewand ihrer Märchen längst weltbekannt wurden, aus ihrer Anonymität und gibt 25 von ihnen den Namen zurück – woher stammten sie und über welches Repertoire verfügten sie, woher kannten sie ihre Stoffe? Heinz Rölleke schenkt den wundersamen Sirenen, die die Märchen zuflüsterten, wieder ihre Stimme. Albert Schindehütte, ebenfalls ein großer Kenner des Grimmschen Werkes und seit 1997 als ihr Gründer in der Schauenburger Märchenwache für sie tätig, umkleidet die Märchen mit seinen prächtigen und farbigen Kalligraphien
    Anmerkung: Auf dem Umschlag: Herausgegeben von Heinz Rölleke und Albert Schindehütte
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9783825178239
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 336 Seiten , Illustrationen , 27 cm
    Ausgabe: 8. Auflage
    DDC: 398.20943
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Kinderbuch ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9788381767408
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (227 pages)
    DDC: 398.2
    Schlagwort(e): Fairy tales--Germany ; Fairy tales ; Folklore ; Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: Intro -- Cover page -- Contents -- THE GOLDEN BIRD -- HANS IN LUCK -- JORINDA AND JORINDEL -- THE TRAVELLING MUSICIANS -- OLD SULTAN -- THE STRAW, THE COAL, AND THE BEAN -- BRIAR ROSE -- THE DOG AND THE SPARROW -- THE TWELVE DANCING PRINCESSES -- THE FISHERMAN AND HIS WIFE -- THE WILLOW-WREN AND THE BEAR -- THE FROG-PRINCE -- CAT AND MOUSE IN PARTNERSHIP -- THE GOOSE-GIRL -- THE ADVENTURES OF CHANTICLEER AND PARTLET -- RAPUNZEL -- FUNDEVOGEL -- THE VALIANT LITTLE TAILOR -- HANSEL AND GRETEL -- THE MOUSE, THE BIRD, AND THE SAUSAGE -- MOTHER HOLLE -- LITTLE RED-CAP [LITTLE RED RIDING HOOD] -- THE ROBBER BRIDEGROOM -- TOM THUMB -- RUMPELSTILTSKIN -- CLEVER GRETEL -- THE OLD MAN AND HIS GRANDSON -- THE LITTLE PEASANT -- FREDERICK AND CATHERINE -- SWEETHEART ROLAND -- SNOWDROP -- THE PINK -- CLEVER ELSIE -- THE MISER IN THE BUSH -- ASHPUTTEL -- THE WHITE SNAKE -- THE WOLF AND THE SEVEN LITTLE KIDS -- THE QUEEN BEE -- THE ELVES AND THE SHOEMAKER -- THE JUNIPER-TREE -- THE TURNIP -- CLEVER HANS -- THE THREE LANGUAGES -- THE FOX AND THE CAT -- THE FOUR CLEVER BROTHERS -- LILY AND THE LION -- THE FOX AND THE HORSE -- THE BLUE LIGHT -- THE RAVEN -- THE GOLDEN GOOSE -- THE WATER OF LIFE -- THE TWELVE HUNTSMEN -- THE KING OF THE GOLDEN MOUNTAIN -- DOCTOR KNOWALL -- THE SEVEN RAVENS -- THE WEDDING OF MRS FOX -- THE SALAD -- THE STORY OF THE YOUTH WHO WENT FORTH TO LEARN WHAT FEAR WAS -- KING GRISLY-BEARD -- IRON HANS -- CAT-SKIN -- SNOW-WHITE AND ROSE-RED -- Notes.
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 38
    Buch
    Buch
    Ditzingen : Reclam | Pößneck
    ISBN: 9783150112465
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 471 Seiten , 20 cm
    Ausgabe: [Nachdruck] 2022
    Serie: Reclams klassischer Märchenschatz
    Serie: Reclams Märchenschatz
    DDC: 398.20943
    Schlagwort(e): Anthologie ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 39
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Warszawa : Ktoczyta.pl
    ISBN: 9788382000061
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (641 pages)
    DDC: 398.210943
    Schlagwort(e): Fairy tales--Germany ; Fairy tales ; Electronic books
    Kurzfassung: Intro -- Cover page -- Contents -- 1 The Frog-King, or Iron Henry -- 2 Cat and Mouse in Partnership -- 3 Our Lady's Child -- 4 The Story of the Youth Who Went Forth to Learn What Fear Was -- 5 The Wolf and the Seven Little Kids -- 6 Faithful John -- 7 The Good Bargain -- 8 The Wonderful Musician -- 9 The Twelve Brothers -- 10 The Pack of Ragamuffins -- 11 Little Brother and Little Sister -- 12 Rapunzel -- 13 The Three Little Men in the Wood -- 14 The Three Spinners -- 15 Hansel and Grethel -- 16 The Three Snake-Leaves -- 17 The White Snake -- 18 The Straw, the Coal, and the Bean -- 19 The Fisherman and His Wife -- 20 The Valiant Little Tailor -- 21 Cinderella -- 22 The Riddle -- 23 The Mouse, the Bird, and the Sausage -- 24 Mother Holle -- 25 The Seven Ravens -- 26 Little Red-Cap -- 27 The Bremen Town-Musicians -- 28 The Singing Bone -- 29 The Devil With the Three Golden Hairs -- 30 The Louse and the Flea -- 31 The Girl Without Hands -- 32 Clever Hans -- 33 The Three Languages -- 34 Clever Elsie -- 35 The Tailor in Heaven -- 36 The Wishing-Table, the Gold-Ass, and the Cudgel in the Sack -- 37 Thumbling -- 38 The Wedding of Mrs. Fox -- 39 The Elves -- 40 The Robber Bridegroom -- 41 Herr Korbes -- 42 The Godfather -- 43 Frau Trude -- 44 Godfather Death -- 45 Thumbling as Journeyman -- 46 Fitcher's Bird -- 47 The Juniper-Tree -- 48 Old Sultan -- 49 The Six Swans -- 50 Briar-Rose -- 51 Fundevogel (Bird-foundling) -- 52 King Thrushbeard -- 53 Little Snow-white -- 54 The Knapsack, the Hat, and the Horn -- 55 Rumpelstiltskin -- 56 Sweetheart Roland -- 57 The Golden Bird -- 58 The Dog and the Sparrow -- 59 Frederick and Catherine -- 60 The Two Brothers -- 61 The Little Peasant -- 62 The Queen Bee -- 63 The Three Feathers -- 64 The Golden Goose -- 65 Allerleirauh -- 66 The Hare's Bride -- 67 The Twelve Huntsmen -- 68 The Thief and his Master.
    Anmerkung: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9783150112137 , 3150112133
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 186 Seiten , Illustrationen , 21.5 cm x 15 cm
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in Amend-Söchting, Anne, 1961 - Reduktion auf das Archetypische und das Schöne 2020
    DDC: 398.20943
    Schlagwort(e): Märchen und Sagen für Kinder und Jugendliche ; Anthologie ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Deutsch ; Märchen ; Kinder- und Hausmärchen
    Kurzfassung: Wer glaubt, Frauen in Märchen seien nur schön, der hat weit gefehlt. Sie können sekundenschnell von der Sonne zum Mond wandern und Stroh zu Gold spinnen, sie schütteln Silber aus Bäumen und zähmen Bären, sie verhandeln mit Zauberern, Hexen und Fröschen, die sie nach Lust und Laune zu Prinzen schlagen. Die Schriftstellerin Felicitas Hoppe lädt dazu ein, auf einem Streifzug durch Grimms Märchenwelt die starke Seite jener Frauen zu entdecken. Mutig, klug und unbesiegbar – das sind Dornröschen, Rapunzel und Co.! Ebenso stark – ausdrucksstark – sind die kraftvollen Illustrationen der Künstlerin Rosa Loy. „An den exakten Grimm’schen Wortlaut hält sich hingegen die Herausgeberin Felicitas Hoppe. Ihre Märchenauswahl Grimms Märchen für Heldinnen von heute und morgen folgt deren siebten Ausgabe von 1857. Hoppe hat die Märchen, deren Heldinnen immer Frauen oder Mädchen sind, unter fünf Stichworten gruppiert: Schönheit, Klugheit, Mut, Handwerk und Verwandlung. Dabei gelingt es ihr in ihrem Vorwort, nicht nur die eigene Begeisterung für die Märchenstoffe zu vermitteln, sondern auch die vielen Prinzessinnen, Bauernmädchen, die Schwestern und Töchter als willensstarke Frauen vorzuführen“ (fachbuchjournal.de)
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9783791501352 , 3791501356
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Seiten: 239 Seiten , Illustrationen , 20.3 cm x 13.4 cm
    Ausgabe: Neuausgabe
    DDC: 398.20943
    Schlagwort(e): Märchen ; Deutsch ; Deutsch ; Märchen
    Anmerkung: Die Illustrationen entstammen der dänischen Ausgabe Grimms eventyr
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  • 42
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Environmental Study
    Kurzfassung: This analytical work assesses the current capabilities of, as well as the gaps and challenges faced by, the Georgian Hydrometeorological Department (GHMD) in producing and delivering weather, climate, and hydrological (hydrometeorological) products and services based on users' needs. It provides the government authorities and decision makers in Georgia with a technical strategic framework for improvements in hydromet and early warning systems and services (EWS), to provide socioeconomic benefits to the Georgian population; safeguard their lives, livelihoods, and property; and protect economic investments. The road map consists of 11 chapters. Chapters 1-3 highlight the climate and hydrological hazards affecting Georgia, their consequent risks, and the socioeconomic impacts on the Georgian people. Chapter 4 provides an assessment of users' needs for hydromet information. Chapter 5 gives an overview of the institutional and organizational structure of GHMD, while chapter 6 provides an in-depth analysis of GHMD's current status. Chapter 7 discusses modernization of hydromet and EWS. Chapters 8 and 9 present the road map in detail, along with three proposed successive development scenarios designed to transform GHMD into a technically modern and sound hydrometeorological service by narrowing the gap between GHMD's current status and the level of services needed for fully discharging its public service mandate. Chapter 10 presents a detailed socioeconomic benefits analysis. Finally, chapter 11 lays out the conclusions and a way forward, and several annexes provide additional details
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  • 43
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Kurzfassung: This note presents the results of a survey undertaken in Fiji from May to June 2019 with the intention to identify the specific challenges men and women cross-border traders are facing related to trade facilitation at the firm level. Generally, efforts to improve trade conditions, especially relating to women cross-border traders, have been progressing over the years. Yet, there is limited work focusing on trade facilitation initiatives and trade competitiveness interventions aimed at women firms who face trading barriers that are not strictly linked to tariffs or policies. There is a global data gap on the nature of barriers that women traders face related to trade facilitation at the firm level. In fact, the problem is even deeper rooted; there is a global vacuum of knowledge about the exact proportion of cross-border traders that are women. No country, not even the gender equality champions in Northern Europe, can easily confirm the number of women that undertake cross-border trade in their respective countries. A survey designed to collect data on these challenges is being rolled out in the Pacific. Countries in the Pacific Islands region face unique development challenges: they are physically detached from major markets, have small populations spread across many islands and time zones, confront the worst impacts of climate change, and are some of the most vulnerable countries to natural disasters in the world
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  • 44
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Other Urban Study
    Kurzfassung: In March 2018, the World Bank finalized an agreement with Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) to conduct a demand survey for housing across Egypt. The survey consisted of a sample of 10,300 households across eight governorates. The inclusive housing finance program supports several aspects of the government's social housing program, including financial aid to low-income households to help them access housing. This aid comes in the form of a subsidy that either complements the down payment and the repayments in the first years of a mortgage loan or contributes to the payment of the rent in the public or the private sector. The Government of Egypt asked the World Bank to advise on conducting a housing demand assessment to understand the differential demand for rental and ownership housing by different income and employment groups and for different types of houses, locations, and regions. The main objective of the study is to provide detailed information on the demand for affordable ownership housing with a mortgage loan, a down payment, and a subsidy and for formal rental accommodation
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  • 45
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: Policy Notes
    Schlagwort(e): Inequality ; Living Standards ; Poverty Assessment ; Poverty Lines ; Poverty Reduction
    Kurzfassung: This report aims to map poverty and inequality in Sudan and would be representative of the 18 states and 131 localities of Sudan. The poverty mapping technique is based on a small area estimation (SAE) technique developed by the World Bank to derive estimates of geographic poverty and inequality. It combines data from the 2014-15 National Household Budget and Poverty Survey (NHBPS) and the 2008 Population and Housing Census data to build spatially disaggregated poverty maps. Although household surveys usually include measures of income and wealth, they are not representative beyond the state level. Yet, allowing lower levels of disaggregation is important for policy interventions, particularly for countries like Sudan that have state governments, which manage the activities of the state while reporting to the federal government. This study uses a model of household expenditure from a survey data set to estimate household welfare at the lower levels and apply it to the census data set which does not provide information on household income or expenditure. These maps illustrate the information gains provided by SAE, show there is a substantial spatial heterogeneity within the localities, and highlight the small areas most likely to exhibit the highest risk of poverty
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  • 46
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    ISBN: 9781464814020
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (278 pages)
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Kurzfassung: The war in Syria, now in its eighth year, continues to take its toll on the Syrian people. More than half of the population of Syria remains displaced; 5.6 million persons are registered as refugees outside of the country and another 6.2 million are displaced within Syria's borders. The internally displaced persons include 2 million school-age children; of these, less than half attend school. Another 739,000 Syrian children are out of school in the five neighborhood countries that host Syria's refugees. The loss of human capital is staggering, and it will create permanent hardships for generations of Syrians going forward.Despite the tragic prospects for renewed fighting in certain parts of the country, an overall reduction in armed conflict is possible going forward. However, international experience shows that the absence of fighting is rarely a singular trigger for the return of displaced people. Numerous other factors-including improved security and socioeconomic conditions in origin states, access to property and assets, the availability of key services, and restitution in home areas-play important roles in shaping the scale and composition of the returns. Overall, refugees have their own calculus of return that considers all of these factors and assesses available options.The Mobility of Displaced Syrians: An Economic and Social Analysis sheds light on the 'mobility calculus' of Syrian refugees. While dismissing any policies that imply wrongful practices involving forced repatriation, the study analyzes factors that may be considered by refugees in their own decisions to relocate. It provides a conceptual framework, supported by data and analysis, to facilitate an impartial conversation about refugees and their mobility choices. It also explores the diversified policy toolkit that the international community has available-and the most effective ways in which the toolkit can be adapted-to maximize the well-being of refugees, host countries, and the people in Syria
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  • 47
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Poverty Study
    Kurzfassung: The Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Poverty Diagnostic (PD) in Niger is part of a global initiative to improve evidence on the linkages between WASH and poverty. The Diagnostic provides a detailed analysis of sector status, strengths, and weaknesses to inform the attainment of the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that aim for universal access to safely managed water supply and sanitation
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 48
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Public Sector Study
    Kurzfassung: This report identifies key challenges facing the Ethiopian civil service today and suggests avenuesfor further reforms. Ethiopia's civil service has so far developed at a rapid pace and faces anumber of constraints, challenges, and new or expanding demands. Continuing reform efforts and building on past achievements is critical for the successful implementation of Ethiopia's Growth and Transformation Program (GTP II). While the past two decades have seen important achievements made, the government seeks to further strengthen its economic governance and service delivery.The analytic effort that this report reflects was triggered by a request from the Ministry ofPublic Service and Human Resource Development (MPSHRD). The Ministry sought to identify challenges and options to target and pursue further reforms and efforts to strengthen the civil service and its contributions to service delivery. The report is based on several sources: (i) the Ethiopian Civil Servants Survey (ECSS), which was undertaken in June through September 2016 and targeted professional level staff and directors or heads of federal ministries or agencies, regional bureaus, and woreda offices; (ii) a series of key informant interviews with officials and stakeholders, as well as focus group discussions with members of 'Public Wings'; and (iii) administrative data and information, e.g. concerning the number of civil servants, as wellas salaries and benefits. The focus is on five key service delivery sectors: agriculture, education, health, revenue collection, and trade-all critical areas for state activity. The analysis encompasses an assessment of previous and ongoing reforms, and takes a look at the constraints and overall quality of current management practices. Where possible, the report also compares the civil service in Ethiopia to that of other countries, based on information gathered from similar surveys and other comparative information
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  • 49
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Kurzfassung: South Africa's much anticipated economic rebound in 2018 did not occur. While substantial efforts by the authorities to strengthen governance of public resources and stabilize the fiscal situation helped the economy to not contract further, economic growth remained tepid with a technical recession (two successive quarters of negative economic growth) in the first half of 2018. GDP growth is expected at below 1 percent in 2018, down from an already low 1.3 percent in 2017. A number of exogenous factors contributed to this poor growth performance. Domestically, climate variations such as a prolonged drought in the Western Cape where harvests were delayed exerted a huge toll on agricultural production. Externally, mounting trade tensions between the United States and China, and tightening global financial conditions contributed to slowing the pace of foreign financial inflows to South Africa while lessening the demand for its exports. Rising world oil prices also exerted strong pressure on the balance of payments and domestic prices, depressing private consumption. These negative developments, however, do not conceal the fact that South Africa's growth challenge is deep-seated and largely structural. To grow faster and sustainably, the economy will need to be more inclusive, requiring the participation of a greater share of the population mainly through job creation. Furthermore, persistent inequality of income and of opportunity will continue to raise pressures for redistribution of limited resources that are drawn from a small tax base. Radical policy demands are more likely in a stagnant economy, fuel policy uncertainty and deter private investment. At the Presidential Jobs Summit and the South African Investment Conference held in October 2018 agreements were made on actions that are expected to enable job creation and to attract higher levels of investment, including interalia, education and skills interventions, and initiatives to reduce policy uncertainty on land reform, mining and black economic empowerment
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  • 50
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Water Papers
    Kurzfassung: Water, climate and finance know no borders. This brings challenges and opportunities: The majority of freshwater worldwide flows in transboundary basins and most climate change impacts are felt through the water cycle. Transboundary cooperation in climate change adaptation is crucial for preventing mal-adaptation and making adaptation in shared basins more effective. However, many basins struggle in accessing funds for climate change adaptation. River basin organizations can play a valuable role in this fund-raising process. Understanding the special risks and complexities of transboundary river basin projects is critical to preparing bankable project proposals that will attract public and private financing partners. This report highlights the challenges and opportunities countries face in accessing financial resources for climate adaptation in transboundary river basins. Outlining basic characteristics and criteria for the preparation of bankable project proposals, the report is a guide for those working on climate change adaptation in transboundary river basins
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  • 51
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other papers
    Kurzfassung: Improving government capa ...
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  • 52
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other papers
    Kurzfassung: The World Bank Group's Women, Business and the Law examines laws and regulations affecting women's prospects as entrepreneurs and employees across 187 economies. Its goal is to inform policy discussions on how to remove legal restrictions on women and promote research on how to improve women's economic inclusion. Women, Business and the Law 2019: A Decade of Reform introduces a new index measuring legal rights for women throughout their working lives in 187 economies. The index is composed of 35 data points grouped into eight indicators. The data covers a 10-year period not only to understand the current situation but to see how laws affecting women's equality of opportunity have evolved over time. The index assesses economic rights at milestones spanning the arc of a woman's working life: the ability to move freely; starting a job; getting paid; legal capacity within marriage; having children; running a business; managing assets; and getting a pension
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  • 53
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Debt and Creditworthiness Study
    Kurzfassung: The Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) using the revised joint IMF/WB Debt Sustainability Framework for Low Income Countries (LIC-DSF) shows that Cambodia remains at low risk of external debt distress. All debt burden indicators are projected to remain under their indicative thresholds under the baseline and the shock scenarios. While the overall risk of debt distress is low, the analysis indicates that debt sustainability is vulnerable to export and growth shocks, and the materialization of contingent liabilities. Furthermore, the public and publicly guaranteed (PPG) debt-to-GDP ratio is projected to rise by more than 10 percentage points during the next decade due to projected large fiscal deficits in the medium term. These findings reinforce the importance of implementing reforms to increase the economy's resilience to external shocks and encourage export and economic diversification. Efforts to mobilize fiscal revenue, to strengthen the Public Investment Management framework (including for PPPs) and further enhance monitoring of PPP and financial sector risks, as well as introduction of a debtbased fiscal anchor, are necessary to ensure debt sustainability in the medium term
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  • 54
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Country Environmental Analysis
    Kurzfassung: Malawi currently faces an environmental cycle of decline and degradation. The challenges it faces are complex and interrelated, but there are two underlying drivers behind this decline. Population growth places huge demands on natural systems with more land being converted to agriculture and more forests being harvested for the wood fuel supply. Climate change magnifies these impacts by putting greater strain on land and forests due to increased incidents of natural disasters and extreme weather events. Proximate drivers of environmental degradation include weak land tenure security, unsustainable land management practices (driven in part by poorly designed and targeted agricultural subsidies), chronic shortages of public funding for environmental management, and weak institutions, particularly those at decentralized levels. The Malawi Country Environmental Analysis (CEA) compiles and reviews existing analyses on Malawi's environment and natural resources (ENR) and explores what this evidence means for poverty and economic development. The CEA also identifies 10 strategic recommendations to address the degradation of natural resources and the environment and to promote improved environmental management, investment, and expenditure practices
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  • 55
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Policy Notes
    Kurzfassung: With the Paris Agreement and most of its detailed rulebook now finalized, countries and subnational actors face the challenge of translating climate targets and strategies into action and determining how to finance these actions. Through the Pilot Auction Facility for Methane and Climate Change Mitigation (PAF), the World Bank developed an innovative financial mechanism - climate auctions - which stimulates private investment in projects that reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Climate auctions offer price guarantees to companies that can deliver eligible climate results in the future. These price guarantees are allocated through a transparent, efficient auctioning process, which maximizes the climate impact of scarce public funds. In the near-term, countries can utilize climate auctions to spur significant investments in low-carbon activities and mobilize finance at the scale and pace necessary to achieve their national climate targets, laying the groundwork for longer-term carbon pricing and greater climate ambition. This policy brief is intended to inform policymakers and public funders about why climate auctions are an effective tool for achieving climate outcomes, focusing on how policymakers can utilize auctions to accelerate NDC implementation and raise climate ambition. It also outlines how climate auctions work and where they are most effective. The policy brief was produced by staff of the World Bank with external contributions from the Rocky Mountain Institute
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  • 56
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Agricultural Study
    Kurzfassung: Zambia's agricultural sector represents the backbone of its rural economy and holds great potential for the entire country. Zambia's agriculture sector faces challenges and is likely to grow more vulnerable as a result of climate change and risk. At the same time, land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF), and agriculture sector account for approximately 93 percent of the country's carbon footprint. The Government of the Republic of Zambia (GoZ) is integrating climate change concerns into its agriculture policy agenda. Under its Zambia climate-smart agriculture (CSA) strategy framework, the GoZ is promoting the rollout of CSA practices that will sustainably increase productivity, enhance resilience, and reduce or remove greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The CSA investment plan (CSAIP) aims to identify and fill knowledge gaps about CSA's local- and national-level benefits, specifically under climate change, inform policy development, and prioritize investment opportunities. The World Bank collaborated with the GoZ to develop a CSAIP intended to support the operationalization of the country's climate commitments toward development of a productive, resilient, and low-emission agriculture sector. The CSAIP development began with a participatory process that identified the agriculture sector's policy goals. This report takes the next step by assessing the impacts of a suite of CSA practices on achieving the sector goals and on household welfare. The report concludes with recommendations and proposals for future CSA investments
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  • 57
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    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Kurzfassung: Following an initial spike in early 2018, Armenia's economic performance slowed during the rest of the year, but still estimated to have above 5 percent growth for the year. Inflationary pressures remained low, while the external balances deteriorated. The overperformance of the fiscal accounts reflected strong revenue collection, sound control over current spending, and underperformance of capital expenditure. The outlook, however, is more conservative
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  • 58
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other papers
    Kurzfassung: The objectives of a well-designed pension system are poverty reduction in old age and income smoothing throughout an individuals' lifetime. Over the last thirty years, changing demographic trends have caused a shift from 'pay as you go' and occupational defined benefit (DB) schemes - where the obligation for paying for retirement income is with the state and employers - to defined contribution (DC) schemes, where the obligation to save for retirement rests more with individuals. The transition to DC schemes did help establish a strong link between contributions during working life and benefits during retirement, for individuals. However, an increasing challenge has been balancing genuine needs for some pre-retirement liquidity, access to savings and providing adequate income post retirement for individuals. The need to get this balancing act right is being felt increasingly as coverage of national social security systems is expanded to include more of the non-salaried workforce which often has lower levels of income, more periods of unemployment and more irregular earnings. This note surveys recent literature and country experiences to understand if and how countries address the need for pre-retirement liquidity in both mandatory and voluntary DC schemes. The note also uses simple modelling to illustrate the impact of allowing access to pension savings on income adequacy after retirement. The report concludes with recommendations based on emerging best practice
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  • 59
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Social Protection Study
    Kurzfassung: The objective of this rep ...
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  • 60
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Environmental Study
    Kurzfassung: Despite significant effor ...
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  • 61
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Country Environmental Analysis
    Kurzfassung: This report presents the economic potential of renewable natural resources (forests, wildlife and fisheries), and identifies opportunities for enhancing the sectors' contribution to both the national and local economies in Angola (Section two). Given the strong focus of the ongoing CPF on economic diversification, the report focuses on these selected sectors whose sustainable use offers opportunities for diversifying the economy, creating jobs and improving local livelihoods. In light of the implementation of the World Bank's new Environmental and Social Framework (ESF), the report assesses the current national legislation and policy framework for assessing and mitigating potential environmental and social risks and impacts caused by investment projects and proposes opportunities which can support in strengthening the national capacity in order to facilitate project design and implementation following the World Bank's due diligence (Section three). The report then assesses the current policy and institutional framework for addressing climate change in Angola and proposes opportunities to support these (Section four). Finally, the report concludes by proposing opportunities for World Bank engagement in the sectors selected (forests, wildlife and fisheries), as well as in enhancing environmental management capacity and building resilience to climate change.A World Bank mission was organized to Angola in October 2018, and collected data relevant to the study and discussed with government officials, development partners, CSOs, and other relevant stakeholders the status, priorities, and potential opportunities for each of the sectors considered. This report uses data and information collected during the mission and shared by government institutions and other stakeholders, as well as data and literature that are publicly available
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  • 62
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Country Gender Assessment
    Kurzfassung: gaps that a country faces, across different domains, better informs policy design. To that effect, this report seeks to identify where progress has been achieved in increasing opportunities and outcomes for women and men in Mexico and where further policy action is required. It focuses on three areas that are critical for gender-equal access to opportunities: (a) endowments, such as health and education; (b) economic opportunities, such as access to labor, land, and financial markets; and (c) agency, including norms, representation, and freedom from violence. The report takes advantage of the existing literature as well as different sources of publicly available data for the country and aims to provide a panorama of the prevailing gender gaps and areas for work to close those gaps, covering a wide range of outcomes. As such, it seeks to serve as a guiding document for policy action and dialogue, further research, and public discussion
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  • 63
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Kurzfassung: The economies of the GCC recovered in 2018 despite signs of weakness in the global economic outlook, reinforcing the perception that GCC economies' fortunes are still inextricably tied to oil. Global growth slowed in 2018, as trade tensions be-tween the U.S. and China escalated, and goods trade slowed markedly. However, the steady increase in oil prices until October 2018 lifted growth in the GCC economies, from an average of -0.2 percent in 2017 to 2.0 percent in 2018. Two of the region's largest economies Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, as well as Oman, emerged from recession in 2018. Growth outturns were driven by higher oil production in the second half of 2018, higher capital investment made possible due to the rise in oil revenues, and higher domestic demand. Fiscal and external balances improved, also tracking oil sector performance. GCC countries' fiscal balances improved in 2018, aided by the average increase in oil prices and progress with non-oil revenue mobilization in some countries. This allowed most countries to reduce fiscal deficits while actually increasing spending in some cases. Saudi Arabia, for example was able to halve its overall fiscal deficit in 2018 while simultaneously increasing total spending by 10.8 percent. Other countries also demonstrated procyclicality in fiscal policy, as spending increased across the GCC. Saudi Arabia and the UAE implemented a 5 percent VAT in early 2018, and Bahrain followed in early 2019. Oman introduced excise taxes on tobacco products, energy drinks and soft drinks in mid-2018 and increased corporate income tax
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  • 64
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Kurzfassung: This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) outlines how the World Bank Group (WBG) will accompany Argentina's path to reduce macroeconomic instability while setting the stage for poverty reduction through private sector led growth. The objectives selected for the CPF are closely linked to the priorities identified in the recent Argentina Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD), which analyses key constraints to inclusive and sustainable growth and poverty reduction and suggests ways to address them. They also reflect the fact that Argentina's Gross National Income (GNI) per capita is above the Graduation Discussion Income, and that WBG's new financing will be focused to support the country's sustainable graduation path from IBRD. At the same time, the Government has expressed a preference to retain, in principle, access to the entire range of WBG instruments. This CPF covers the four-year period FY19-FY22. As Argentina's presidential and legislative elections are to be held in October 2019, the Progress and Learning Review (PLR) will provide an opportunity to assess progress of reforms, revisit priorities, and reflect changes to the CPF program as needed
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  • 65
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other papers
    Kurzfassung: Digital technologies have significant potential to improve efficiency, equity, and environmental sustainability in the food system. A range of digital technologies are already leading to: better informed and engaged consumers and producers, smarter farms, and improved public services. Adoption of digital technologies varies significantly across countries, with lower current adoption rates in low-income countries. Increasing adoption will require addressing supply-side factors, such as rural network coverage and availability of digital applications, and demand-side factors, including skills and knowledge, trust, affordability, and complementary investments. While digital technologies have significant potential they also pose several risks that need to be addressed including: an overconcentration of service provider market power; lack of data privacy; exclusion; and cybersecurity breaches. These risks cut across all segments of the economy, including the food system. In addition, digital technologies should not be viewed as a panacea. Other investments are needed to address the multiple constraints farmers face and to realize the potential benefits of digital technologies
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  • 66
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Poverty Study
    Kurzfassung: Afghanistan has been in protracted conflict for almost four decades, with direct implications on progress towards development objectives. This context of recurring episodes of violence and insecurity, economic and political instability, and the consequent displacement of populations within and outside the nation's borders has important implications on the landscape of data and evidence available for the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of interventions and programs, and their timeliness and relevance. Afghans represent the world's largest and most protracted refugee population, with an estimated 3.5 million people currently living abroad as refugees for more than four decades. Given the large disparities in poverty incidence and high levels of inequality within Afghanistan, the knowledge of living standards at more disaggregated geographical levels of districts and nahias could help inform policy design and improve decision making at a sub-province level. Therefore, poverty mapping, which aims at estimating poverty incidence at levels lower than the household survey, was applied in Kabul and Herat provinces. This technical report describes the methodology and data used to produce the Kabul and Herat poverty maps and presents the resulting collection of poverty maps, the first of its kind for Afghanistan. The structure of the report is as follows. Section 2 outlines the poverty mapping methodology, specifically the small area estimation approach, applied in Afghanistan. Section 3 discusses the data sources and the various technical challenges faced with the datasets. Section 4 discusses the modeling phase, including model selection, model parameters, and assumptions. Section 5 presents the poverty maps at a district and nahia level, and section 6 concludes. The Annexes contains supporting data and analysis
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  • 67
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    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Kurzfassung: Real GDP growth in Russia surpassed expectations in 2018, reaching 2.3 percent, mostly due to one off effects of energy construction. Forecasted growth of 1.2 percent in 2019 and 1.8 percent in 2020 and 2021 reflects a more modest outlook. Russia's macro-fiscal buffers remain strong, with fiscal surpluses across all tiers of government and low public-debt levels. When compared to advanced economies, Russia spends less on health and education. Rebalancing in favor of these categories could improve the overall efficiency of public spending. Short-term inflationary risks have abated, with the Bank of Russia signaling a return to a neutral policy rate. Lending activity is recovering, but the banking sector remains afflicted with high concentration and state dominance. Having eased slightly, the poverty rate remains in double digits with many households close to the poverty line and lacking formal employment. Informal employment is rising in the face of close-to-zero net job creation by medium-sized and large formal enterprises. Key risks to medium-term growth include the expansion of economic sanctions, renewed financial turmoil in EMDEs, a dramatic drop in oil prices, and souring of the global trade environment. The recent double-digit expansion in household credit may also pose a risk to financial stability in the case of a deterioration in the macroeconomic environment
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  • 68
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Country Economic Memorandum
    Kurzfassung: This Country Economic Mem ...
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  • 69
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Health Study
    Kurzfassung: The Philippines has made remarkable progress in the last decades in improving its health outcomes. However, performance is still poor compared regionally and with similar economies. This report was developed with the aim of informing health policy during the political transition from the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) to the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). This transition began with the ratification of the Bangsamoro Organic Law (BOL) in January 2019. This report provides an overview of the current capacities and challenges facing the public primary health care system as the BARMM government enters into its new role. By providing a detailed look at the availability of inputs needed to deliver priority services, it highlights current strengths, and also indicates areas that need to be strengthened if the national and subnational health goals are to be realized. Historically, health outcomes have been far worse in BARMM than elsewhere in the country. While health outcomes are complex and multi-dimensional, weaknesses in health governance have exacerbated the geographic and socio-cultural challenges associated with health care delivery. While the authors recognize that the transition is likely to introduce some challenges, it is hoped that the findings documented in this report can guide health policy, including investments towards high-impact priorities and in this way, help lay the foundation for better health care, and better health for the people of BARMM
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  • 70
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Health Study
    Kurzfassung: This brief provides an overview of tobacco control legislation, use, and taxation in the country
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  • 71
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Health Study
    Kurzfassung: This brief provides an overview of tobacco control legislation, use, and taxation in the country
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  • 72
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Health Study
    Kurzfassung: The brief provides an overview of tobacco control legislation, use, and taxation in the country
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 73
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Health Study
    Kurzfassung: Smoking prevalence Tajikistan remains rather moderate. According to the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) conducted in 2016, smokers constitute 6.3 percent of the adult population of Tajikistan. However, 12.5 percent of study participants reported consuming smokeless tobacco (nasway). Tajikistan joined the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) in 2013. Tobacco control legislation was adopted in 2010 and amended in 2017 in line with the FCTC guidelines. The new pictorial health warnings should cover at least 75 percent of the surface on both largest sides of the packs. The amended law bans point-of-sale advertising. However, tobacco excise rates in Tajikistan were very low, and tobacco affordability was growing. In July 2018, the cigarette excise rates were increased almost 10-fold, but cigarette prices increased in 2018 only by 19 percent as the excise is still very low in monetary terms (about 0.25 USD per pack of 20 cigarettes). Cigarette taxes and prices in Tajikistan are still lower than in neighboring countries, and cigarette smuggling out of Tajikistan exceeds cigarette smuggling into the country. Special policies aiming to discourage nasway use and related surveillance activities should be implemented in Tajikistan, while the introduction of excise or other taxes for such a home-made product can hardly produce substantial benefits. Tobacco use surveillance and monitoring should be developed in the country including publicly available information on sales of tobacco products, as well as their prices, excise revenue, and other economic indicators. Tajikistan has a great potential to increase tobacco excise rates in 2019 and in the following years, as well as to contribute to health objectives related to the reducing tobacco use. The greater the excise tax increase, the larger both the reduction in tobacco consumption and tobacco excise revenue growth will be
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  • 74
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Kurzfassung: The Rwanda Economic Update (REU), published twice a year, analyzes recent economic developments and prospects and policy priorities in Rwanda. It is intended for a wide audience of policymakers, business leaders, other market participants, analysts engaged in Rwanda's economy, and civil society. The REU draws on available data reported by the Government of Rwanda and additional information collected as part of the World Bank Group's regular economic monitoring and policy dialogue
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  • 75
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Policy Notes
    Kurzfassung: Following general elections in Liberia in 2017, a new government was formed with a mandate to achieve ambitious development objectives. Following a nationwide consultative process, the new medium-term national development plan, Pro-Poor Agenda for Prosperity and Development (PAPD)-2019-2023 was developed focusing on: strengthening public institutions; accelerating infrastructure investments for productive capacity; improving productivity in the real sector through enhanced economic diversification; increasing investment in human capital (youth employment, health, and education); and improving competitiveness, while safeguarding macroeconomic and debt sustainability. The focus of fiscal policy should be twofold, raising revenues while sustaining deficit at financeable level. In such a tight fiscal situation, the imperative is to secure equal or improved quality of public services by prioritizing and improving the composition of expenditure, enhancing efficiency, and expanding the resource envelope by stepping up the revenue mobilization efforts. Sustaining pro-poor development agenda, will likely require a political resolve to reduce the share of government resources devoted to high paid public servants and discretionary expenditures, as well as improve the efficiency and transparency of government spending. Otherwise, the financing gap created by an announced decline in grants and other forms of external assistance may be difficult to close
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  • 76
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Environmental Study
    Kurzfassung: Minerals and metals are fundamentally incredibly important to societies all over the world. The activities required to extract minerals, however, often have negative impacts on forest landscapes and habitats. Forest health is not only about deforestation; mining has been found to produce severe impacts on water and soil that can indirectly impact forest health and its ecological integrity. Moreover, impacts of mining can become significant when multiple instances of mining activities happen at the same location simultaneously, as was found in the Indonesian case studies. Therefore, there is still the need to identify and attempt to reduce the impacts of mining even in a landscape dominated by activities like agriculture and forestry. Artisanal mining is typified as formal, informal, or illegal mining operations with predominantly rudimentary technologies in the exploration and extraction by individuals or large groups of people. Small-scale mining operations can also be mechanized, or semi-mechanized, and or have a greater degree of capitalization than artisanal mining. The World Bank's extractive industries in forest landscapes program seeks to address these challenges by promoting forest-smart extractive investments to ensure that investments in the extractives sector do not erode forest capital and instead generate positive forest outcomes. The artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) study and the parallel study on large-scale mining (LSM) share the overarching objective of supporting the World Bank's efforts to help client countries ensure that resource extraction from forested areas serves as a force for poverty reduction and sustainable development while respecting the environment and the needs of local communities. In order to achieve a forest-smart ASM sector, adopting an integrated approach is recommended
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  • 77
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Social Protection Study
    Kurzfassung: The European Commission's Directorate General for Neighborhood and Enlargement Negotiations approached the World Bank to develop an evidence base and to deliver policy advice and technical assistance for supporting the effective reintegration of (Roma) returnees in the Western Balkans: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Kosovo, and Serbia. This synthesis report presents the results of that research. This report documents the main socio-economic factors that drive migration from the Western Balkans to the EU. Returnees emphasize that they migrate to escape poverty, lack of housing, unemployment, the lack of or insufficient access to social security, and a consistent struggle and inability to provide a basic standard of living for themselves and their families. Poverty, discrimination, and historic marginalization reinforce one another and constitute strong push factors. Estimates suggest a substantial number of returnees belong to the Roma minority and that Roma are over-represented in migration and returnee flows. In addition, Roma and ethnic minorities have had to contend with systemic economic and social exclusion and institutional discrimination. Roma communities lack access to basic infrastructure and social services, are more likely to be underemployed, and have limited earning potential due to low incomes from unskilled jobs in the formal and informal sectors
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  • 78
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Country Gender Assessment
    Kurzfassung: Achieving gender equality in Colombia is critical to the country's future economic development and social cohesion; yet it remains an ongoing challenge. The government of Colombia recognizes the importance of closing the country's gender gaps and is working on multiple fronts to realize this objective. However, and although preliminary findings indicate that substantial progress has been made over the last two decades, several challenges remain. Using the framework provided by the 2012 World Development Report, this assessment allows identifying the main existing gender gaps across the areas of agency, endowments and economic opportunity, and the major driving factors with regards to households, institutions and markets (chapters one, two, three, and four). Based on this diagnostic, chapter five provides some policy recommendations that may help to close the existing gender gaps
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  • 79
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Policy Notes
    Kurzfassung: Colombia's solid economic growth since early 2000s has led to significant social improvements. Since the turn of the century, extreme poverty in Colombia almost halved, falling from 17.7 percent in 2002 to 7.4 percent in 2017. Similarly, moderate poverty fell from 49.7 percent to 26.9 percent over the same period (Figures 1 and 2). In absolute terms, the number of poor individuals in Colombia declined from about 20 million in 2002 to approximately 12.8 million in 2017. The downward trend in poverty was halted in 2016, however it went back to its downward trend on 2017. From 2016 to 2017 both moderate poverty and extreme poverty decrease in 1.1 percentage points (p.p.), moderate poverty went from 28 to 26.9 percent, while, extreme poverty was 8.5 percent in 2016 and 7.4 in 2017. Such decrease was primarily driven by a lower incidence of poverty in rural areas, where extreme and moderate poverty rates fell respectively by 2.7 and 2.6 pagesp. Similarly, the urban areas saw a reduction of moderate poverty (from 24.9 to 24.2 percent), while extreme poverty rate has remained virtually flat since 2014, at around 5 percent
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  • 80
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Agricultural Study
    Kurzfassung: About 80 percent of the poor households in Timor-Leste live in rural areas and are dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. It is therefore widely acknowledged that growth in the agriculture sector is an important channel through which poverty can be reduced in the country. That notwithstanding, the country's agricultural production system is one of the least developed in the world and all subsectors are dominated by subsistence systems and by farmers who are very risk averse. Agricultural productivity in the country is also well below that of other small island developing states and has fallen below the average for other low-income, food-deficit countries in recent years making the sector underperform in terms of its contribution to food security, sufficient livelihood, and overall economic growth. Using data from the 2007 and 2014 of the Timor-Leste Survey of Living Standards, the note provides insight into the extent to which increases in agricultural productivity can contribute to poverty reduction, including assessing the drivers of, and identifying the constraints to, increasing agricultural productivity in the country. The note finds that improvements in agricultural productivity reduce the probability of being poor among agricultural households. Yet, improving productivity goes beyond the confines of raising yield or decreasing cost to include enhancing food quality and promoting higher value products. to do so, the following factors ought to be considered: facilitation of mechanization, improvement in the use of chemical (fertilizer, pesticides, and herbicides) inputs, enhancement in access to credit and extension, encouragement to farmers to join farmer groups, expansion of the commercialization of farm produce, and reduction in the gender gap in agricultural productivity. Investment in the sector can be improved by allocating the limited public funds more strategically and better correspond with local poverty. The findings from this study contribute to existing evidence pertinent to guide how agricultural policy can effectively help reducing poverty in the country
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  • 81
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Public Sector Study
    Kurzfassung: Revenue mobilization is a key constraint to economic development in the Republic of Guinea. The government's five-year development plan (2016-2020) aims at fostering higher and more inclusive growth through public investments that require financing beyond current fiscal capacity. In this context, Guinea is seeking to efficiently raise additional domestic revenues and external investment financing. Development partners are supporting Guinea with technical assistance for revenue mobilization. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the European Union are supporting authorities with direct tax policy, non-tax revenue, and administration issues. The objective of this report is to shed light on indirect taxes, particularly value-added tax (VAT) and excise taxes. The report provides an overview of the main features of tax policy and administration in Guinea, followed by a more detailed analysis of VAT and excise taxes. The focus on indirect taxation is a result of both its significant revenue potential and coordination with other development partners. The analysis presented fills an important gap in the understanding of how Guinea can increase its tax revenues. On VAT, the study finds that addressing policy and administrative constraints can mobilize additional revenues while improving the business climate. On excise taxation, the study finds that existing excise rates are unevenly applied, with scope for raising rates in the future. to systematically address its revenue challenges across all tax types, Guinea should also consider development of a medium-term revenue strategy (MTRS). The report is structured as follows: in the first section, an overview of the evolution and composition of domestic revenues in Guinea is presented. In the second section, VAT is analyzed. The final section reviews excise tax policy and its implementation on international goods and domestic goods
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  • 82
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Kurzfassung: Sierra Leone's macroeconomic performance continued to improve but at a slower pace. Yet there are significant downside risks to the medium-term economic outlook
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  • 83
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Kurzfassung: This edition of the Country Economic Update is part of a semi-annual series designed to monitor recent economic developments in Uzbekistan. The report presents a broad overview of the country's macroeconomic, social, and structural developments in 2018. The Special Focus section discusses economic growth and job creation
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  • 84
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Kurzfassung: Papua New Guinea's (PNG) economy has started recovering from a series of external shocks, but its growth outlook remains fragile due to rising uncertainties. The recovery is being observed in the resource sector, mainly in its extractive segment dominated by liquefied natural gas (LNG), while growth in the non-resource economy remains subdued due to sluggish domestic demand. A longer-term government agenda of building an inclusive and sustainable economy will require a focus on structural reforms. It also looks at sector-specific issues and identifies a set of implementation actions for each priority sector. Agriculture is one of the priority sectors due to its large share of the economy and the vast population living in rural areas that is involved in subsistence and cash income agriculture. to realize the potential of agriculture as a source of income and job creation, the authorities should consider policy options and responses that will secure sustainable rural livelihoods in food and agriculture, as discussed in the report
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  • 85
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Health Study
    Kurzfassung: The country brief provides an overview of tobacco legislation, use, and taxation in Kazakhstan. Tobacco taxation policy practiced in Kazakhstan in 2003-2013 resulted in increased tobacco excise revenues, but was not effective in terms of public health, as cigarette consumption did not decrease. Tobacco excise taxes were drastically increased in Kazakhstan from 1 January 2014; and thereafter, the tobacco affordability was substantially reduced resulting in the subsequent decline in tobacco sales and smoking prevalence in the country. Decline in consumption could have an effect on tobacco-related mortality in Kazakhstan. Mortality rates of some tobacco-related causes of death substantially declined in Kazakhstan in 2013-2015 among men and women aged 30 to 79 years: by about 20 percent for acute ischemic heart disease and stroke and by 30-40 percent for respiratory tuberculosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Kazakhstan returned to a policy of moderate tax increases in 2015-2019. The reduction in tobacco affordability in 2015 was caused not only by the excise increase but also by the tobacco industry pricing policy and a decline in real incomes. Tobacco consumption in Kazakhstan decreased in 2015, but the revenue increase was smaller than expected. A moderate excise rise in 2016- 2018 could not ensure a substantial reduction in tobacco affordability, and annual tobacco sales did not change much. The country experience shows that a policy of moderate (below 30 percent annually) excise increases cannot ensure either tobacco consumption reductions or substantial revenue increases. The planned annual cigarette excise increase for 2020-2021, however, is only 12-14 percent. In recent years, electronic cigarettes and heated tobacco appeared in the Kazakhstan market. The key consumers of such products are young adults, who follow modern trends, rather than dependent smokers looking for an effective means to quit. Heated tobacco products and liquids for electronic cigarettes will be taxed by excise from 2020, but the excise rates are very low and should be substantially increased. Kazakhstan has great potential to increase its excise rates for all kinds of tobacco products to contribute to health objectives by means of reducing tobacco consumption. The greater the excise tax increase, the larger the reduction in tobacco consumption and the higher tobacco excise revenue growth will be
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  • 86
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Health Study
    Kurzfassung: Tonga has experienced a high burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the past two decades. Data indicate the continuing rise of four major NCDs -cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer,and respiratory diseases - as the leading causes of premature death and disability. According to latest data, NCDs accounted for four out of five leading causes of mortality in Tonga, and 99.9 percent of Tongan adults aged 25-64 are at moderate to high risk of developing an NCD. The increase in behavioral-related risk factors such as smoking, poor diet (e.g. high in sugar, salt, trans-fat and saturated fat, and low in fruit, vegetables, legumes, fish et cetera), harmful alcohol intake, and physical inactivity are acknowledged as the major contributing factors to the rise in NCDs in Tonga. According to its 2012 STEPS Survey, Tonga has one of the highest rates of overweight and obesity
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 87
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Education Study
    Kurzfassung: The objective of this report is to support evidence-based decision making for refugee education in Ethiopia. This study was designed to inform existing and pipeline projects of the Government of Ethiopia, the World Bank, and key development partners, and to provide help with long-term engagement of the World Bank on education in Ethiopia. The research questions for this study, hence, emerge from the knowledge gaps identified by the project teams and other relevant development partners. Qualitative data was gathered from sample refugee populations in three areas of Ethiopia: Gambella region, Somali region, and Addis Ababa. Participants included refugee parents and children, and teachers serving refugee students in refugee schools as well as host community schools. Key findings of the current qualitative study are summarized in this report, followed by broad areas of recommendations
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  • 88
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Agricultural Study
    Kurzfassung: This report seeks to support the larger jobs study by examining how investment in South Sudan's food sector can not only address food security needs, it can generate income and lay the foundation for livelihood and job creation in the country. It argues that applying a value chain lens to investments in the sector can contribute to creating direct, indirect, and induced labor in the food system. The goal is to move the country from a dependency on humanitarian aid to building recovery and resilience in the short term in a way that can produce stable jobs over the medium to long term. More specifically, it looks at the potential technology and organizational arrangements that investment programs can start supporting now to stimulate value chain development for increased economic activity and job creation. The assumption is that significant donor support will still be necessary for the short to medium term to support investments in reconstruction and food security. As security spreads, public sector capacity to support development can grow, private actors can establish or expand their operations, and the donor community can begin to disengage, addressing only the neediest communities while development organizations continue to work with the public and private sector actors to support development and economic transformation
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  • 89
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Country Economic Memorandum
    Kurzfassung: Economic growth in Sao Tome and Principe (STP) has long been driven by an unsustainable reliance on public expenditures, especially grant- and loan-financed public investment. STP needs to turn its smallness into uniqueness to unlock its growth potential. to accomplish this transformation, this image must be matched by a more balanced growth in which the private sector plays a larger role and with a more effective government. Tourism, agriculture, and fisheries could drive the country's transition to a more balanced growth pattern. This Country Economic Memorandum (CEM) highlights six key challenges that STP must overcome as it transitions to a more balanced growth pattern and it offers policy recommendations for addressing each challenge. Accomplishing this rebalancing will require STP to address six key challenges at the macroeconomic, structural, and sectoral level. These include: (i) The twin budget and current-account deficits; (ii) Weak trade connectivity by both air and sea; (iii) Credit constraints caused by a high level of non-performing loans and difficulties enforcing commercial contracts; (iv) Uncertainty surrounding property rights and land tenure; (v) Poor-quality infrastructure, especially in the energy and transportation sector; and (vi) The overexploitation of marine resources
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  • 90
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Kurzfassung: Afghanistan faced severe economic headwinds in 2018, with the economy growing by an estimated 1.8 percent. Slow growth was driven by two major factors. Firstly, severe drought had a strong negative impact on agricultural production. Agricultural growth slowed to 0.8 percent as low snowfall during late 2017 and early 2018 led to the loss of grain crops and livestock productivity. Secondly, business and investor confidence deteriorated significantly in the context of elevated uncertainty around: i) the level and duration of international security assistance; ii) the outcome of upcoming presidential elections (now delayed until September); iii) prospects of continued or worsening election-related violence (civilian deaths reached their highest level since 2001); and iv) ongoing peace negotiations with the Taliban. Real GDP growth is expected to have accelerated during the first half of 2019, mainly driven by the easing of drought conditions and improved agricultural production. Intensifying political uncertainties, however, are expected to have continued to dampen private sector confidence and investment. Poverty is estimated to have increased and deepened. The rate of economic growth substantially lagged population growth, leading to declining per capita incomes. The drought negatively impacted livelihoods of many of the 82 percent of the poor living in rural areas, including those reliant on poppy cultivation (poppy production declined by 30 percent). Reflecting widespread hardship, drought-induced displacement reached record levels of 298,582 individuals, mainly to urban areas in adjacent provinces
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  • 91
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Kurzfassung: Investing in human capital is essential for Tanzania. to generate future income and achieve sustainable development, people are the most important asset countries have. Part two of this economic update discusses where Tanzania stands in terms of its investments in human capital for both children and adults. The analysis is part of the World Bank Human Capital Project (HCP), which relies on both the Human Capital Index (HCI) and data on human capital wealth (HCW)
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  • 92
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Infrastructure Study
    Kurzfassung: Although Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world, it has a relatively low number of natural hazards. However, its exposure to natural hazards has increased relative to other countries because of insufficient preventive actions in the past, resulting in more damage from natural hazards to both infrastructure and human lives than countries of comparable size would incur. Brazil faces an increasing risk of natural disasters, in particular floods and landslides. The objective of the study is to strengthen capacity of geohazard disaster resilience of federal highway infrastructure in Brazil through reviewing disaster risk management (DRM) capacity for federal road infrastructure and case studies of applying innovative methodologies for assessing disaster risk and evaluating economic benefits of resilience countermeasures. Although floods and landslides are the most recurrent natural disasters in Brazil, this report focuses on the latter, leaving floods for future studies. This report carefully describes how three innovative methodologies that, if properly applied, could improve the effectiveness of landslide risk management, thus reducing economic and human impacts. The report begins with diagnostics of the institutional capacities of geohazard risk management at the federal government level in Brazil. Chapters 1 and 2 include the backgrounds of natural disasters, road systems, and geohazards on roads in Brazil and a review of the road geohazard risk management with overviews of the following areas: institutional capacity and coordination, system planning, engineering designs, operation and maintenance, nonstructural measures, and contingency programming. Then, Chapters 3 and 4 describe the case study of application of the three innovative DRM assessment methodologies. Finally, Chapter 5 shows the suggestions and recommendations for the next steps
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  • 93
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Law and Justice Study
    Kurzfassung: This report documents the results of a survey that was conducted to better understand howthe justice system affects the business environment in eight countries in South East Europe (SEE);Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia andSerbia. The primary purpose of the Survey was to analyze businesses' perceptions of and experienceswith the justice system and in particular, the performance of the courts in their respective countries. The Survey also identified the challenges businesses face in their daily operations, assessed the impact of the justice system on businesses and established which justice issues present the greatest obstacles for business operations and growth. This research is part of a broader initiative to inform justice policy dialogue and reform in the Western Balkans
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  • 94
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Other Health Study
    Kurzfassung: The state of Nagaland, with a population of two million, is situated in the North-East region of India. The state's topography is hilly with very poor roads and connectivity. The state has 11 districts, 52 blocks, and 1,500 villages. In 2014-15, per capita net state domestic product was estimated at USD 1,172 (INR 78,526), slightly lower than the national figure of USD 1,297 (INR 86,879). However, the socioeconomic distribution in Nagaland is more equitable than the national pattern, in 2012-13, an estimated 19 percent of the population lived below the official poverty line in the state, lower than the national average of 22 percent. Tribal communities make up almost 90 percent of Nagaland's population. The Nagaland Department of Health and Family Welfare (DoHFW) requested technical support for better understanding nutrition determinants and developing strategies that could be implemented at the community level with the support of the Nagaland Health Project. The objectives are to better understand the barriers to improved nutrition and health in Nagaland and to help the state government to develop strategies to address these issues. This involves analytical work (involving both primary and secondary data analysis) to identify gaps and bottlenecks, informing the development of contextually-appropriate and feasible strategies. Technical assistance focuses on supporting the state government in the design of strategies based on the findings of the analytical work. The development objectives of this advisory services and analytics (ASA) activity are: (i) to improve knowledge about the determinants of malnutrition in North East India; (ii) to identify gaps in maternal and child health and nutrition services for disadvantaged communities; and (iii) to support development of cross-sectoral strategies to combat malnutrition at the community level
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  • 95
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Policy Notes
    Kurzfassung: Between 2010 and 2018, Bhutan's economic performance in the real growth of gross domestic product (GDP) was respectable, averaging more than 5 percent a year. This was driven by hydropower, services, and agriculture. However, there is growing pressure to diversify production. Hydropower development will peak by 2023 and is associated with widening current account deficits and the accumulation of public debt. There is a greater need to foster a dynamic private sector and create employment. In this context, Bhutan has recently embarked on a strategy to develop a business infrastructure policy. This is mainly focused on establishing four industrial parks to jump-start investment and developing the management arrangements. These industrial parks would include access to land, infrastructure, and energy sources and be in the south, near the border with India. Drawing on the experiences of other countries, the industrial park policy in Bhutan is based on an overall umbrella of rules on purpose, coverage, policy considerations, existing infrastructure, regulatory and legal framework, and enactment and implementation of legislation. The industries in the parks are envisaged to include wood-based, agriculture-based, and metal-based industries
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  • 96
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Kurzfassung: Economic growth in Lao PDR is projected to rebound to 6.5 percent in 2019, up from 6.3 percent in 2018. This pick up is expected to be driven by growth of the construction sector supported by investments in large infrastructure projects, and a resilient services sector, led by wholesale and retail trade growth. The Government has remained committed to fiscal consolidation to contain public debt in the medium term by tightening public expenditure and improving revenue administration. The medium-term outlook remains broadly favorable, but subject to downside risks from heightened uncertainty in the global and domestic environments. Prolonged trade partners, and spillover to the domestic economy through lower trade and investment, and reduced prices for key export commodities. The authorities may face difficulty in responding to such economic shocks given the low level of foreign currency reserves and significant external public debt. A priority is therefore to create fiscal space through improving tax policy and administration as well as build up reserve buffers to respond to shocks. Additionally, improving the business environment and reversing the decline in the global ranking of the ease of doing business, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises, could also contribute to greater macroeconomic stability, job creation and poverty reduction
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  • 97
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Kurzfassung: Pakistan is facing yet another balance of payment crisis. Authorities have taken some corrective measures and negotiated a 39-month stabilization program with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Nonetheless, inflationary pressures increased during FY19. Current account deficit narrowed as imports declined, however, exports performance remained weak. Despite the adjustment measures fiscal pressure persist due to high debt servicing and defense expenditures. Debt level is in breach of Fiscal Responsibility and Debt Limitation Act (FRDLA). The growth is projected to decelerate further in FY20, as the government tightens fiscal and monetary policy. This report highlights the importance of tackling the structural challenges which are hampering growth and investments. The report emphasizes that the failure to address these structural challenges, in parallel to addressing the macroeconomic imbalances, just means that the next crisis is another 4 to 5 years away
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  • 98
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Systematic Country Diagnostics
    Kurzfassung: This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) - the first for the country - takes stock of Comoros' development progress since the early 2000s and reflects on the constraints and opportunities that the country encounters on that path. The report provides elements to answer three main questions: (1) What are the main constraints hampering output and productivity growth? (2) What are the critical factors that determine poverty reduction and inclusion? and (3) How sustainable are the current trends in growth and inclusion? As the SCD investigates these questions it identifies three main pathways which if followed could accelerate progress towards the World Bank's twin goals of poverty reduction and shared prosperity
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  • 99
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Systematic Country Diagnostics
    Kurzfassung: This Systematic Country Diagnostic analysis of growth, structural transformation, poverty reduction, and inclusion suggest that Rwanda will need to target the following outcomes to maintain rapid progress toward poverty reduction and shared prosperity: - a shift to a productivity-led growth through structural transformation, supported by increased agricultural productivity, agglomeration, and rural-to-urban transition; - an increase in the growth elasticity of poverty for inclusive growth by investing in human capital, promoting private entrepreneurship, improving accountability for service delivery, and addressing vulnerability; - increased sustainability through addressing environmental degradation, building resilience to climate change, and maintaining debt sustainability
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  • 100
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource
    Serie: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Serie: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Kurzfassung: This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) builds on lessons drawn from current engagements and recognition of the operating and reputational risks of the fragile political context. The CPF is fully aligned with WBG Strategy for Africa that aims to create sustainable and inclusive growth, strengthen human capital and build resilience to fragility and climate change. The outcome is a further shift in the Bank's engagement toward a more citizen-centered and inclusive approach, with a focus on human development outcomes especially for the most vulnerable; building economic and social resilience; and an approach adapted to a dynamic context. The CPF expects to achieve key results by 2023 across two Focus Areas: (i) Building Human Capital and Inclusion, and (ii) Strengthening Foundations for Economic and Social Resilience
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