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  • National Defense Research Institute 〈U.S.〉  (113)
  • Electronic books  (113)
  • Zeitschriften zur Ethnologie
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sustaining Service Members and Their Families : Exploring Opportunities for Efficiency and Joint Provision of Services Using Nonappropriated Funds (2016)
    Santa Monica, Calif : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833094292 , 083309579X , 0833094297 , 9780833095794
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxii, 102 pages)
    Series Statement: Research report RR-1175-OSD
    Keywords: United States Personnel management ; United States Appropriations and expenditures ; United States ; United States ; Soldiers Services for ; Costs ; Families of military personnel Services for ; Costs ; Organizational change Management ; Soldiers ; Families of military personnel ; Organizational change ; United States ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; Treaties ; Armed Forces ; Cost effectiveness ; Expenditures, Public ; Organizational change ; Management ; Personnel management ; United States ; United States Armed Forces ; Cost effectiveness ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "The Department of Defense (DoD) routinely seeks ways to become more efficient and reduce costs. Each military service provides its members and their families with a wide range of services supported by resources that are paid for using congressionally appropriated funding (APF), nonappropriated funding (NAF), or a combination thereof. DoD was interested in determining whether any administrative NAF activities could be consolidated -- and, if so, whether consolidation would save costs. DoD created a task force to explore these issues and identified several areas for improvement, ranging from contracting to information technology. DoD Military Community and Family Policy asked the RAND National Defense Research Institute to review the work of the task force and provide an independent assessment of specific recommendations. In collaboration with the sponsor, RAND provided intensive analysis of recommendations in two areas for improvement that the task force identified. Researchers determined that application of consolidation could achieve improvement and savings in some NAF accounting activities, but that there is considerably less potential in the case of NAF employee benefits"--Publisher's description
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Figures and Tables -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- . 1. Introduction: Study Purpose and Focus -- Organization of the Report -- 2. Program Area Descriptions: NAF Accounting and NAF Employee Benefits: NAF Accounting -- NAF Employee Benefits -- 3. Eight Guidelines for Managing Change: Insight from Expert Literature and Case Studies: Organizational Change Literature -- Eight Guidelines for Organizational Change -- Case Studies Demonstrating Eight Change-Management Guidelines -- Lessons Learned from Case Studies -- 4. Managing Change: Analysis and Ways Forward for NAF Accounting and NAF Employee Benefits: Applying the Eight Guidelines: NAF Accounting -- Applying the Eight Guidelines: NAF Employee Benefits -- 5. NAF Accounting Consolidation: Cost Analysis and Results: NAF Accounting: Goals and Courses of Action -- Approach to Cost Estimation -- Data Collection -- Methodology -- Analysis -- Results: Costs and Savings for NAF Accounting RIE Courses of Action -- 6. NAF Employee Benefits Efficiency: Cost Analysis and Results: NAF Employee Benefits: Setting Coordination Goals -- Approach to Cost Estimation -- Data Sources -- Methodology -- Results of Cost Estimation for NAF Employee Benefits RIE Recommendations -- Total Costs for NAF Employee Benefits RIE Recommendations -- 7. Conclusions and Recommendations: Accounting -- Benefits Recommendations -- APPENDIXES: A. Semistructured Discussion Guide -- B. NAF Employee Benefits Data Gathering -- C. Background Information for Case Studies -- D. NAF Accounting Cost Detail -- References.
    Note: "May 31, 2016"--Table of contents page , Includes bibliographical references (pages 97-102)
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Advancing the careers of military spouses : an assessment of education and employment goals and barriers facing military spouses eligible for MyCAA (2015)
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833088659 , 0833089463 , 0833088653 , 9780833089465
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 68 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Friedman, Esther M., 1976- Advancing the careers of military spouses
    Keywords: Military spouses Training of ; Military spouses Services for ; Military spouses Employment ; Military spouses Education (Continuing education) ; Military spouses ; Military spouses ; Military spouses ; Military spouses ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Military Administration ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; United States ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Since the move to an all-volunteer force, the U.S. military has increasingly provided an array of programs, services, and facilities to support military families, including programs to assist spouses in pursuing their educational and employment goals. These programs are particularly important, given that military spouses face challenges related to military life that can make it difficult for them to maintain and develop careers. One program designed to help spouses of junior military personnel meet their educational and employment objectives is the My Career Advancement Account (MyCAA) scholarship. This report analyzes data collected from November 2012 to March 2013 on the 2012 Active Duty Spouse Survey to examine MyCAA scholarship use in the previous year and educational and employment goals and barriers faced by recent MyCAA users and nonusers. The survey showed that nearly one in five eligible spouses used MyCAA in the previous year, and more than half of nonusers were unaware of the scholarship. Key reasons for not using the scholarship among those who were aware of it include perceived program ineligibility and lack of time for education. Reported barriers to achieving educational and employment goals were remarkably similar for recent MyCAA users and nonusers. Cost was the key reason spouses reported for not pursuing higher education. Barriers to both education and employment among interested spouses included competing family responsibilities and difficulties with child care. The authors conclude with recommendations for improving and complementing the existing MyCAA scholarship to help military spouses achieve their educational and career objectives
    Abstract: Since the move to an all-volunteer force, the U.S. military has increasingly provided an array of programs, services, and facilities to support military families, including programs to assist spouses in pursuing their educational and employment goals. These programs are particularly important, given that military spouses face challenges related to military life that can make it difficult for them to maintain and develop careers. One program designed to help spouses of junior military personnel meet their educational and employment objectives is the My Career Advancement Account (MyCAA) scholarship. This report analyzes data collected from November 2012 to March 2013 on the 2012 Active Duty Spouse Survey to examine MyCAA scholarship use in the previous year and educational and employment goals and barriers faced by recent MyCAA users and nonusers. The survey showed that nearly one in five eligible spouses used MyCAA in the previous year, and more than half of nonusers were unaware of the scholarship. Key reasons for not using the scholarship among those who were aware of it include perceived program ineligibility and lack of time for education. Reported barriers to achieving educational and employment goals were remarkably similar for recent MyCAA users and nonusers. Cost was the key reason spouses reported for not pursuing higher education. Barriers to both education and employment among interested spouses included competing family responsibilities and difficulties with child care. The authors conclude with recommendations for improving and complementing the existing MyCAA scholarship to help military spouses achieve their educational and career objectives
    Note: "RR-784-OSD , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 65-68)
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Advising the Command : Best Practices from the Special Operation's Advisory Experience in Afghanistan (2015)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833088918 , 0833093339 , 0833088912 , 9780833093332
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 54 pages)
    Series Statement: RR-949-OSD Advising the command
    Keywords: Military assistance, American ; Military education ; Consultants Armed Forces ; Military assistance, American ; Military education ; Consultants ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Military assistance, American ; Military education ; Military relations ; Armies ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Afghanistan ; United States ; United States Military relations ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "Special Operators assigned to Special Operations Advisory Groups advise the commanders and staff of the Afghan Special Security Forces. Drawing on in-depth interviews with these personnel, this report identifies best practices for operational level advising. Topics addressed include rapport building, the advising engagement, integration, sustainability, pre-deployment training, and continuity of operations"--Puiblisher's description
    Abstract: "Special Operators assigned to Special Operations Advisory Groups advise the commanders and staff of the Afghan Special Security Forces. Drawing on in-depth interviews with these personnel, this report identifies best practices for operational level advising. Topics addressed include rapport building, the advising engagement, integration, sustainability, pre-deployment training, and continuity of operations"--Puiblisher's description
    Note: "RR-949-OSD , Includes bibliographical references (pages 53-54)
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Building special operations partnerships in Afghanistan and beyond : challenges and best practices from Afghanistan, Iraq, and Colombia (2015)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833087607 , 0833087606 , 9780833087591 , 0833087622 , 0833087592 , 9780833087621
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 100 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Long, Austin. Building Special Operations Partnerships in Afghanistan and Beyond Challenges and Best Practices from Afghanistan, Iraq, and Colombia
    Keywords: Soldiers Training of ; Soldiers Training of ; Soldiers Training of ; Nation-building ; Nation-building ; Nation-building ; Internal security ; Internal security ; Internal security ; Military assistance, American ; Military assistance, American ; Military assistance, American ; Soldiers ; Soldiers ; Soldiers ; Nation-building ; Nation-building ; Nation-building ; Internal security ; Internal security ; Internal security ; Military assistance, American ; Military assistance, American ; Military assistance, American ; Armies ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; HISTORY ; Middle East ; General ; Internal security ; Afghanistan ; Colombia ; Iraq ; United States ; Military assistance, American ; Military relations ; Nation-building ; Soldiers ; Training of ; Military Science - General ; Iraq Armed Forces ; Training of ; Colombia Armed Forces ; Training of ; United States Military relations ; United States Military relations ; United States Military relations ; Afghanistan Armed Forces ; Training of ; Iraq ; Colombia ; United States ; United States ; United States ; Afghanistan ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Preface -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Chapter One: Introduction -- Chapter Two: SOF Partnership in Afghanistan: The Ministry of Interior's National Mission Units -- Chapter Three: SOF Partnership in Afghanistan: The Ministry of Interior's Provincial Response Companies -- Chapter Four: SOF Partnership in Afghanistan: The ANASOF Special Operations Kandaks -- Chapter Five: SOF Partnership in Iraq -- Chapter Six: SOF Partnership in Colombia -- Chapter Seven: Best Practices and Recommendations for SOF Partnering -- Chapter Eight: Conclusion: SOF Partnership Beyond Afghanistan -- Appendix: Interview Protocol -- References
    Abstract: Preface -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Chapter One: Introduction -- Chapter Two: SOF Partnership in Afghanistan: The Ministry of Interior's National Mission Units -- Chapter Three: SOF Partnership in Afghanistan: The Ministry of Interior's Provincial Response Companies -- Chapter Four: SOF Partnership in Afghanistan: The ANASOF Special Operations Kandaks -- Chapter Five: SOF Partnership in Iraq -- Chapter Six: SOF Partnership in Colombia -- Chapter Seven: Best Practices and Recommendations for SOF Partnering -- Chapter Eight: Conclusion: SOF Partnership Beyond Afghanistan -- Appendix: Interview Protocol -- References
    Note: "RR-713-OSD , Includes bibliographical references (pages 97-100)
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders : A Systematic Review (2015)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833093424 , 0833093428
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 58 pages)
    DDC: 616.86
    Keywords: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy ; Compulsive behavior Treatment ; Substance abuse Treatment ; Substance abuse Relapse ; Prevention ; Compulsive behavior Relapse ; Prevention ; Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy ; Compulsive behavior ; Substance abuse ; Substance abuse ; Compulsive behavior ; Recurrence prevention & control ; Meditation methods ; Substance-Related Disorders prevention & control ; Secondary Prevention ; Substance abuse ; Relapse ; Prevention ; Substance abuse ; Treatment ; Compulsive behavior ; Relapse ; Prevention ; Compulsive behavior ; Treatment ; Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Preface -- Abstract -- Figures -- Tables -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Chapter One: Introduction: Description of the Condition -- Description of the Intervention -- How the Intervention Might Work .-- Why It Is Important to Do This Review -- Objective -- Chapter Two: Methods: Key Questions -- Search Strategy -- Eligibility Criteria -- Inclusion Screening -- Data Extraction -- Risk of Bias -- Data Synthesis -- Quality of Evidence -- Chapter Three: Results: Results of the Search .-- Description of Included Studies -- Study Quality and Risk of Bias for Individual Included Studies..-- KQ 1: What Is the Efficacy and Safety of MBRP, as an Adjunctive or Monotherapy, for Any Substance Use Versus Any Comparator? -- Relapse -- Frequency of Substance Use -- Withdrawal/Craving Symptoms -- Treatment Dropout -- Health-Related Quality of Life -- Functional Status -- Recovery Outcomes -- Adverse Events -- KQ 1a: Does the Effect of MBRP Vary by the Substance Targeted (i.e., Alcohol, Opioids, Stimulants, or Cannabis)? -- Alcohol Use -- Stimulant Use -- KQ 1b: Does the Effect of MBRP Differ If MBRP Is Offered as an Adjunctive Therapy Rather Than as a Monotherapy? -- Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention as a Monotherapy -- Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention as an Adjunctive Therapy.-- KQ 1c: Does the Effect of MBRP on SUDs Depend on the Comparator? -- Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention Versus Treatment as Usual -- Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention Versus Active Comparator -- Chapter Four: Discussion: Summary of Findings -- Other Reviews in This Area -- Strengths and Limitations -- Implications for Future Research and Practice -- Appendix A: Search Strategy -- Appendix B: Excluded Full-Text Articles -- References
    Abstract: Preface -- Abstract -- Figures -- Tables -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Chapter One: Introduction: Description of the Condition -- Description of the Intervention -- How the Intervention Might Work .-- Why It Is Important to Do This Review -- Objective -- Chapter Two: Methods: Key Questions -- Search Strategy -- Eligibility Criteria -- Inclusion Screening -- Data Extraction -- Risk of Bias -- Data Synthesis -- Quality of Evidence -- Chapter Three: Results: Results of the Search .-- Description of Included Studies -- Study Quality and Risk of Bias for Individual Included Studies..-- KQ 1: What Is the Efficacy and Safety of MBRP, as an Adjunctive or Monotherapy, for Any Substance Use Versus Any Comparator? -- Relapse -- Frequency of Substance Use -- Withdrawal/Craving Symptoms -- Treatment Dropout -- Health-Related Quality of Life -- Functional Status -- Recovery Outcomes -- Adverse Events -- KQ 1a: Does the Effect of MBRP Vary by the Substance Targeted (i.e., Alcohol, Opioids, Stimulants, or Cannabis)? -- Alcohol Use -- Stimulant Use -- KQ 1b: Does the Effect of MBRP Differ If MBRP Is Offered as an Adjunctive Therapy Rather Than as a Monotherapy? -- Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention as a Monotherapy -- Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention as an Adjunctive Therapy.-- KQ 1c: Does the Effect of MBRP on SUDs Depend on the Comparator? -- Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention Versus Treatment as Usual -- Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention Versus Active Comparator -- Chapter Four: Discussion: Summary of Findings -- Other Reviews in This Area -- Strengths and Limitations -- Implications for Future Research and Practice -- Appendix A: Search Strategy -- Appendix B: Excluded Full-Text Articles -- References
    Note: "RR-1031-OSD , Includes bibliographical references (pages 53-58)
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A building partner capacity assessment framework : tracking inputs, outputs, outcomes, disrupters, and workarounds (2015)
    Santa Monica : Rand Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833088673 , 0833093312 , 083308867X , 9780833093318
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 96 pages)
    Series Statement: [Research report] RR-935-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print versionPaul, Christopher, 1971- Building partner capacity assessment framework
    Keywords: National security International cooperation ; Evaluation ; Soldiers Training of ; International cooperation ; Evaluation ; Military education International cooperation ; Evaluation ; Military assistance, American Evaluation ; National security ; Soldiers ; Military education ; Military assistance, American ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Military assistance, American ; Evaluation ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "For both diplomatic and national security reasons, security cooperation continues to be important for the United States. The Department of Defense conducts an assortment of programs aimed at building the capacity of partner nations, and training is an important element of these efforts. The needs and existing capabilities of various nations differ, however, as will results. Planning for each building partner capacity (BPC) effort carefully, assessing progress while the effort is in progress, and assessing results are all important to ensure that it meets U.S. goals and partner expectations. This report presents a framework intended to aid all these steps. Before execution, the framework can help determine and plan for what might go wrong with the intended BPC effort. During BPC execution, the framework can help monitor progress to discover whether everything is going according to plan and, if not, what is wrong and what can be done about it. Finally, the framework can help determine whether the BPC has achieved its objectives and, if not, why and what can be done about it in the future"--Publisher's description
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Figures and Tables -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Chapter One: Introduction: Study Background and Companion Reports -- Methods and Approach -- Outline of the Remainder of the Report -- Chapter Two: The BPC Training and Equipping Logic Model: Nested Logic Models -- Target High-Level Outcomes in the BPC Training and Equipping Logic Model -- Target Core Outputs of the Sequential Phases of the BPC Training and Equipping Logic Model -- Input Categories -- BPC Training and Equipping Logic Model Overview -- Chapter Three: Description of Logic Model Elements for the Preengagement Phase: U.S. Program Goals and Plans: Preengagement -- U.S. Political Will: Preengagement -- Partner Nation Political Will: Preengagement -- Funding: Preengagement -- Partner Nation Personnel: Preengagement -- U.S. Trainers: Preengagement -- Equipment: Preengagement -- Logistics and Transport: Preengagement -- Facilities: Preengagement -- Curriculum and Training Content: Preengagement -- Chapter Four: Description of Logic Model Elements for the Engagement Phase: U.S. Program Goals and Plans: During Engagement -- U.S. Political Will: During Engagement -- Partner Nation Political Will: During Engagement -- Funding: During Engagement -- Partner Nation Personnel: During Engagement -- U.S. Trainers: During Engagement -- Equipment: During Engagement -- Logistics and Transport: During Engagement -- Facilities: During Engagement -- Curriculum and Training Content: During Engagement -- Chapter Five: Description of Logic Model Elements for the Postengagement Phase, Including Outcomes: U.S. Program Goals and Plans: Postengagement -- U.S. Program Goals and Plans: Outcomes -- U.S. Political Will: Postengagement -- U.S. Political Will: Outcomes -- Partner Nation Political Will: Postengagement -- Partner Nation Political Will: Outcomes -- Funding: Postengagement -- Funding: Outcomes -- Partner Nation Personnel: Postengagement -- Partner Nation Personnel: Outcomes -- U.S. Trainers: Postengagement -- U.S. Trainers: Outcomes -- Equipment: Postengagement -- Equipment: Outcomes -- Logistics and Transportation: Postengagement -- Logistics and Transportation: Outcomes -- Facilities: Postengagement -- Facilities: Outcomes -- Curriculum and Training Content: Postengagement -- Curriculum and Training Content: Outcomes -- Chapter Six: Using the BPC Training and Equipping Logic Model as Part of an Assessment Framework: Three Questions, Three Places to Start -- Contextualizing the Logic Model -- The Logic Model Helps with Selection and Prioritization of Measures -- References.
    Note: "Prepared for the Joint Staff J5, the Office of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation in the Office of the Secretary of Defense, and the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy"--Preface , "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 95-96)
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  • 7
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    Needle Acupuncture for Substance Use Disorders : a Systematic Review (2015)
    Santa Monica : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833093417 , 083309341X
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 123 pages)
    DDC: 615.8/92
    Keywords: Compulsive behavior Treatment ; Substance abuse Relapse ; Prevention ; Substance abuse Treatment ; Compulsive behavior Relapse ; Prevention ; Acupuncture ; Compulsive behavior ; Substance abuse ; Substance abuse ; Compulsive behavior ; Acupuncture ; Substance Abuse Disorders prevention & control ; Compulsive Behavior prevention & control ; Acupuncture Therapy methods ; Compulsive behavior ; Treatment ; Substance abuse ; Relapse ; Prevention ; Substance abuse ; Treatment ; Acupuncture ; Compulsive behavior ; Relapse ; Prevention ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Preface -- Abstract -- Figures -- Tables -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Chapter One: Introduction: Description of the Condition -- Description of the Intervention -- Why It Is Important to Do This Review -- Objective -- Chapter Two: Methods: Key Questions -- Search Strategy -- Eligibility Criteria -- Inclusion Screening -- Data Extraction -- Risk of Bias -- Data Synthesis -- Quality of Evidence -- Chapter Three: Results: Results of the Search -- Description of Included Studies -- Study Quality and Risk of Bias for Individual Included Studies -- KQ 1: What Are the Efficacy and Safety of Needle Acupuncture, as an Adjunctive or Monotherapy, for SUDs Versus Any Comparator? -- Relapse -- Frequency of Substance Use -- Quantity of Substance Use -- Withdrawal/Craving Symptoms -- Quality of Life -- Recovery Outcomes -- Treatment Dropout -- Adverse Events -- Differential Effects by Setting -- KQ 1a: Does the Effect of Needle Acupuncture Vary by the Substance Targeted (i.e., Alcohol, Opioids, Stimulants, or Cannabis)? -- Alcohol -- Stimulants -- Opioids -- Cannabis -- KQ 1b: Does the Effect of Needle Acupuncture Vary by Type of Acupuncture (e.g., Auricular Acupuncture)? -- Auricular -- Auricular Acupuncture Using the NADA Protocol -- TCM Acupuncture -- Electroacupuncture -- KQ 1c: Does the Effect of needle Acupuncture Differ If Acupuncture Is Offered as an Adjunctive Therapy Rather Than as a Monotherapy? -- Adjunctive Therapy Versus All Comparators -- Monotherapy Versus All Comparators -- KQ 1d: Does the Effect of Needle Acupuncture on Substance Use Disorders Depend on the Comparator? -- Acupuncture Plus TAU Versus TAU Alone -- Sham Acupuncture -- Passive Comparator -- Active Comparator -- Chapter Four: Discussion: Summary of Findings -- Other Reviews in This Area -- Strengths and Limitations -- Implications for Future Research and Practice -- Appendix A: Search Strategy -- Appendix B: Evidence Table of Included Studies -- Appendix C: Cochrane Risk of Bias Criteria -- Appendix D: Excluded Full-Text Articles -- Appendix E: Additional Forest and Funnel Plots -- References
    Abstract: Preface -- Abstract -- Figures -- Tables -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Chapter One: Introduction: Description of the Condition -- Description of the Intervention -- Why It Is Important to Do This Review -- Objective -- Chapter Two: Methods: Key Questions -- Search Strategy -- Eligibility Criteria -- Inclusion Screening -- Data Extraction -- Risk of Bias -- Data Synthesis -- Quality of Evidence -- Chapter Three: Results: Results of the Search -- Description of Included Studies -- Study Quality and Risk of Bias for Individual Included Studies -- KQ 1: What Are the Efficacy and Safety of Needle Acupuncture, as an Adjunctive or Monotherapy, for SUDs Versus Any Comparator? -- Relapse -- Frequency of Substance Use -- Quantity of Substance Use -- Withdrawal/Craving Symptoms -- Quality of Life -- Recovery Outcomes -- Treatment Dropout -- Adverse Events -- Differential Effects by Setting -- KQ 1a: Does the Effect of Needle Acupuncture Vary by the Substance Targeted (i.e., Alcohol, Opioids, Stimulants, or Cannabis)? -- Alcohol -- Stimulants -- Opioids -- Cannabis -- KQ 1b: Does the Effect of Needle Acupuncture Vary by Type of Acupuncture (e.g., Auricular Acupuncture)? -- Auricular -- Auricular Acupuncture Using the NADA Protocol -- TCM Acupuncture -- Electroacupuncture -- KQ 1c: Does the Effect of needle Acupuncture Differ If Acupuncture Is Offered as an Adjunctive Therapy Rather Than as a Monotherapy? -- Adjunctive Therapy Versus All Comparators -- Monotherapy Versus All Comparators -- KQ 1d: Does the Effect of Needle Acupuncture on Substance Use Disorders Depend on the Comparator? -- Acupuncture Plus TAU Versus TAU Alone -- Sham Acupuncture -- Passive Comparator -- Active Comparator -- Chapter Four: Discussion: Summary of Findings -- Other Reviews in This Area -- Strengths and Limitations -- Implications for Future Research and Practice -- Appendix A: Search Strategy -- Appendix B: Evidence Table of Included Studies -- Appendix C: Cochrane Risk of Bias Criteria -- Appendix D: Excluded Full-Text Articles -- Appendix E: Additional Forest and Funnel Plots -- References
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 115-123)
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  • 8
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    Building the Guatemalan interagency task force Tecún Umán : lessons identified (2015)
    Santa Monica, Calif : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833088802 , 0833089293 , 0833088807 , 9780833089298
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xx, 56 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Oak, Gillian S Building the Guatemalan interagency task force Tecún Umán
    Keywords: Military assistance, American ; Drug control ; Military assistance, American ; Drug control ; Military assistance, American ; Guatemala ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; Treaties ; Drug control ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Guatemala is a major transit point for drugs bound for the United States and the recipient of U.S. counternarcotics aid and technical assistance, much of which is provided through U.S. Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM) and U.S. Army South. As a first step by Guatemala in putting this aid to work toward developing its own counternarcotics capacity, the president of Guatemala established the Interagency Task Force (IATF) Tecún Umán. USSOUTHCOM has expressed the intent to apply the IATF as a model to other similarly porous border regions in the area. Thus, documenting and using lessons from the IATF Tecún Umán will help in the development of new and similar units. This report is intended to support that lessons-learned function, demonstrate how these preliminary lessons are being applied to future IATF development, and provide recommendations on how to resolve remaining IATF challenges. Lessons learned include the importance of establishing the interagency legal framework early, clearly defining the interagency relationships, developing an intelligence capability organic to the task force, implementing police authority and leadership, identifying measures of success, communicating the IATF's purpose and success to the public, and maintaining equipment. Remaining tasks include resolving the duality-of-command issue, improving operational planning capability, addressing corruption problems, and addressing IATF Tecún Umán issues before refocusing efforts to IATF Chortí. The United States has played a key role in supporting Guatemala's efforts to overcome these challenges. By investing in the IATF and building capacity, the United States will contribute to the Guatemalans' ability to sustain the IATF themselves
    Abstract: Guatemala is a major transit point for drugs bound for the United States and the recipient of U.S. counternarcotics aid and technical assistance, much of which is provided through U.S. Southern Command (USSOUTHCOM) and U.S. Army South. As a first step by Guatemala in putting this aid to work toward developing its own counternarcotics capacity, the president of Guatemala established the Interagency Task Force (IATF) Tecún Umán. USSOUTHCOM has expressed the intent to apply the IATF as a model to other similarly porous border regions in the area. Thus, documenting and using lessons from the IATF Tecún Umán will help in the development of new and similar units. This report is intended to support that lessons-learned function, demonstrate how these preliminary lessons are being applied to future IATF development, and provide recommendations on how to resolve remaining IATF challenges. Lessons learned include the importance of establishing the interagency legal framework early, clearly defining the interagency relationships, developing an intelligence capability organic to the task force, implementing police authority and leadership, identifying measures of success, communicating the IATF's purpose and success to the public, and maintaining equipment. Remaining tasks include resolving the duality-of-command issue, improving operational planning capability, addressing corruption problems, and addressing IATF Tecún Umán issues before refocusing efforts to IATF Chortí. The United States has played a key role in supporting Guatemala's efforts to overcome these challenges. By investing in the IATF and building capacity, the United States will contribute to the Guatemalans' ability to sustain the IATF themselves
    Note: "RR-885-OSD"--Page 4 of cover , Includes bibliographical references (pages 55-56)
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  • 9
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    Internet freedom software and illicit activity : supporting human rights without enabling criminals (2015)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833090881 , 0833090909 , 9780833091109 , 0833090895 , 0833090887 , 9780833090898 , 9780833090904
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 65 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Romanosky, Sasha Internet freedom software and illicit activity
    Keywords: Freedom of information ; Human rights ; Computer crimes Prevention ; Internet Moral and ethical aspects ; Internet access ; Freedom of information ; Human rights ; Computer crimes ; Internet ; Internet access ; LAW ; Civil Rights ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom & Security ; Civil Rights ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom & Security ; Human Rights ; Computer crimes ; Prevention ; Freedom of information ; Human rights ; Internet access ; Internet ; Moral and ethical aspects ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Preface -- Figures and Tables -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Chapter One: Introduction -- Chapter Two: Why Internet Freedom Tools?.-- Chapter Three: Internet Freedom Tools Are Countermeasures to the Efforts of Repressive Countries -- Chapter Four: How Could DRL Funding Affect Criminal and Netizen Behaviors? -- Chapter Five: Do Netizens and Criminals Seek the Same Things from Internet Freedom Tools? -- Chapter Six: Methodology -- Chapter Seven: Analysis of DRL Internet Freedom Projects -- Chapter Eight: Additional Mitigating Safeguards -- Chapter Nine: Conclusion -- References
    Abstract: Preface -- Figures and Tables -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Chapter One: Introduction -- Chapter Two: Why Internet Freedom Tools?.-- Chapter Three: Internet Freedom Tools Are Countermeasures to the Efforts of Repressive Countries -- Chapter Four: How Could DRL Funding Affect Criminal and Netizen Behaviors? -- Chapter Five: Do Netizens and Criminals Seek the Same Things from Internet Freedom Tools? -- Chapter Six: Methodology -- Chapter Seven: Analysis of DRL Internet Freedom Projects -- Chapter Eight: Additional Mitigating Safeguards -- Chapter Nine: Conclusion -- References
    Note: "RR-1151-DOS , Includes bibliographical references (pages 59-65)
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  • 10
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    Evaluation of the Military Spouse Employment Partnership : progress report on first stage of analysis (2015)
    Santa Monica, Calif : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833093950 , 0833093959
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 56 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation research report series RR-1349-OSD
    Keywords: Military spouses Employment ; Military spouses ; United States ; LAW ; Labor & Employment ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "The frequent relocations associated with military service place distinct demands on service members and their families and can complicate military spouses' career trajectories. Recognizing this challenge, the White House published a directive in 2011 ordering the Department of Defense to expand the Army Spouse Employment Partnership, which had recruited 52 employer partners since its inception in 2003 to assist military spouses seeking employment, to serve Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force spouses. The resulting Military Spouse Employment Partnership, launched on June 29, 2011, is one of four initiatives under the Department of Defense's Spouse Education and Career Opportunities program. In December 2014, the U.S. Congress mandated an evaluation of the Partnership and the Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Military Community and Family Policy sponsored RAND to assess the extent to which the Partnership addresses its objectives. This report documents the first phase of research to help meet the congressional requirement for a 'report evaluating the progress of military spouse employment programs.' This research should be of interest to policymakers responsible for programs or oversight of programs supporting military spouse quality of life, as well as scholars who study military spouse issues and program evaluation"--Publisher's web site
    Abstract: "The frequent relocations associated with military service place distinct demands on service members and their families and can complicate military spouses' career trajectories. Recognizing this challenge, the White House published a directive in 2011 ordering the Department of Defense to expand the Army Spouse Employment Partnership, which had recruited 52 employer partners since its inception in 2003 to assist military spouses seeking employment, to serve Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force spouses. The resulting Military Spouse Employment Partnership, launched on June 29, 2011, is one of four initiatives under the Department of Defense's Spouse Education and Career Opportunities program. In December 2014, the U.S. Congress mandated an evaluation of the Partnership and the Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Military Community and Family Policy sponsored RAND to assess the extent to which the Partnership addresses its objectives. This report documents the first phase of research to help meet the congressional requirement for a 'report evaluating the progress of military spouse employment programs.' This research should be of interest to policymakers responsible for programs or oversight of programs supporting military spouse quality of life, as well as scholars who study military spouse issues and program evaluation"--Publisher's web site
    Note: "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references (pages 53-56) , Series from web site
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  • 11
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    Force drawdowns and demographic diversity : investigating the impact of force reductions on the demographic diversity of the U.S. military (2015)
    Santa Monica, Calif : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833091499 , 0833093398 , 0833091492 , 9780833093394
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxvii, 234 pages)
    Series Statement: Research report RR-1008-OSD
    Keywords: United States ; Armed Forces ; Personnel management ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Human Resources & Personnel Management ; Armed Forces ; Minorities ; Armed Forces ; Women ; United States Armed Forces ; Minorities ; United States Armed Forces ; Personnel management ; United States Armed Forces ; Women ; United States ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: In January 2012, the Department of Defense (DoD) announced plans for a large-scale reduction, or drawdown, of its military force. The last drawdown to affect all four DoD services occurred in the 1990s, after the end of the Cold War. During that period, the military shrank by almost 37 percent, from about 2.17 million in FY 1987 to 1.37 million by FY 2000. Despite having a variety of goals and strategies for the 1990s and mid-2000s drawdowns, the services had few, if any, explicit diversity goals or strategies related to the drawdowns. Based on our discussions with force management experts, demographic diversity is also not part of their recent drawdown goals and strategies. However, the drawdown could have unintended consequences for demographic diversity even when diversity is not part of drawdown decisionmaking. To address the issue of unintended consequences of drawdowns on diversity, the Office of Diversity Management and Equal Opportunity (ODMEO) in the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Personnel and Readiness) asked RAND to analyze how force reductions could affect the demographic diversity of the DoD workforce. Our study focuses on gender and race/ethnicity, although we include other individual differences, such as education, in some analyses
    Abstract: In January 2012, the Department of Defense (DoD) announced plans for a large-scale reduction, or drawdown, of its military force. The last drawdown to affect all four DoD services occurred in the 1990s, after the end of the Cold War. During that period, the military shrank by almost 37 percent, from about 2.17 million in FY 1987 to 1.37 million by FY 2000. Despite having a variety of goals and strategies for the 1990s and mid-2000s drawdowns, the services had few, if any, explicit diversity goals or strategies related to the drawdowns. Based on our discussions with force management experts, demographic diversity is also not part of their recent drawdown goals and strategies. However, the drawdown could have unintended consequences for demographic diversity even when diversity is not part of drawdown decisionmaking. To address the issue of unintended consequences of drawdowns on diversity, the Office of Diversity Management and Equal Opportunity (ODMEO) in the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Personnel and Readiness) asked RAND to analyze how force reductions could affect the demographic diversity of the DoD workforce. Our study focuses on gender and race/ethnicity, although we include other individual differences, such as education, in some analyses
    Note: "October 26, 2015"--Table of contents page , Includes bibliographical references (pages 215-234)
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  • 12
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    Assessing the quality and value of psychological health care in civilian health plans : lessons and implications for the Military Health System (2015)
    [Santa Monica, California?] : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833087812 , 0833093207 , 0833087819 , 9780833093202
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (13 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation research report series RR-759-OSD
    Keywords: Military Health System (U.S.) Evaluation ; Military Health System (U.S.) ; Mental health services Evaluation ; Mental health services ; Evaluation ; Mental health services ; Evaluation ; Military Health System (U.S.) ; United States ; MEDICAL ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; United States Armed Forces ; Mental health services ; Evaluation ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "The Military Health System (MHS) strives to provide high-quality care and improve outcomes for individuals with psychological health conditions. Over the last decade, the MHS has provided care to a growing number of individuals with psychological health conditions, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, little is known about the extent to which the MHS delivers care that is consistent with evidence-based clinical practice guidelines or if it is achieving positive outcomes for its service members. To better understand these issues, the Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury (DCoE) asked the RAND Corporation to describe civilian health plans' approaches to systematically measuring the quality of psychological health care delivered by providers in their networks. This work was part of a larger effort by RAND to develop a framework and identify a set of measures for monitoring the quality of care provided by the MHS for psychological health conditions"--Publisher's web site
    Abstract: "The Military Health System (MHS) strives to provide high-quality care and improve outcomes for individuals with psychological health conditions. Over the last decade, the MHS has provided care to a growing number of individuals with psychological health conditions, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, little is known about the extent to which the MHS delivers care that is consistent with evidence-based clinical practice guidelines or if it is achieving positive outcomes for its service members. To better understand these issues, the Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury (DCoE) asked the RAND Corporation to describe civilian health plans' approaches to systematically measuring the quality of psychological health care delivered by providers in their networks. This work was part of a larger effort by RAND to develop a framework and identify a set of measures for monitoring the quality of care provided by the MHS for psychological health conditions"--Publisher's web site
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 12-13) , Series from web site
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  • 13
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    Implications of integrating women into the Marine Corps infantry (2015)
    Santa Monica, Calif : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833092663 , 0833092669 , 9780833092038 , 0833092030
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxviii, 186 pages)
    Series Statement: Research report (Rand Corporation) RR-1103-USMC
    Parallel Title: Print version Schaefer, Agnes Gereben Implications of integrating women into the Marine Corps infantry
    Keywords: United States Personnel management ; United States ; Women and the military ; Women soldiers ; Women in combat ; Women marines ; Women and the military ; Women soldiers ; Women in combat ; Women marines ; Women marines ; Armed Forces ; Personnel management ; Women and the military ; Women in combat ; United States ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; Women soldiers ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This study for the U.S. Marine Corps consisted of four tasks: (1) review the literature on the integration of women in ground combat and other physically demanding occupations, (2) conduct interviews with representatives of organizations that have integrated women into physically demanding occupations, (3) estimate the costs of potential initiatives to promote successful gender integration, and (4) develop an approach for monitoring implementation of gender integration of the infantry. RAND researchers present a historical overview of the integration of women into the U.S. military and explore the importance of cohesion and what influences it. The gender integration experiences of foreign militaries, as well as those of domestic police and fire departments, are examined for insights on effective policies. The potential one-time and recurring costs associated with integration are estimated as well. The report culminates in a summary of previous monitoring efforts and broad strategic monitoring issues, as well as recommendations to the Marine Corps for implementation
    Abstract: This study for the U.S. Marine Corps consisted of four tasks: (1) review the literature on the integration of women in ground combat and other physically demanding occupations, (2) conduct interviews with representatives of organizations that have integrated women into physically demanding occupations, (3) estimate the costs of potential initiatives to promote successful gender integration, and (4) develop an approach for monitoring implementation of gender integration of the infantry. RAND researchers present a historical overview of the integration of women into the U.S. military and explore the importance of cohesion and what influences it. The gender integration experiences of foreign militaries, as well as those of domestic police and fire departments, are examined for insights on effective policies. The potential one-time and recurring costs associated with integration are estimated as well. The report culminates in a summary of previous monitoring efforts and broad strategic monitoring issues, as well as recommendations to the Marine Corps for implementation
    Note: "RAND National Defense Research Institute"--PDF back cover page , Includes bibliographical references (pages 173-186)
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  • 14
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    National security implications of virtual currency : examining the potential for non-state actor deployment (2015)
    Santa Monica, Calif : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833091833 , 083309369X , 0833091832 , 9780833093691
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 83 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation research report series RR-1231-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print versionBaron, Joshua William National security implications of virtual currency
    Keywords: National security Economic aspects ; Electronic funds transfers Political aspects ; National security ; Electronic funds transfers ; COMPUTERS ; Internet ; General ; National security ; Economic aspects ; Banking ; Finance ; Business & Economics ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "This report examines the feasibility for non-state actors, including terrorist and insurgent groups, to increase their political and/or economic power by deploying a virtual currency (VC) for use in regular economic transactions. A VC, such as Bitcoin, is a digital representation of value that can be transferred, stored, or traded electronically and that is neither issued by a central bank or public authority, nor necessarily attached to a fiat currency (dollars, euros, etc.), but is accepted by people as a means of payment. We addressed the following research questions from both the technological and political-economic perspectives: (1) Why would a non-state actor deploy a VC? That is, what political and/or economic utility is there to gain? How might this non-state actor go about such a deployment? What challenges would it have to overcome? (2) How might a government or organization successfully technologically disrupt a VC deployment by a non-state actor, and what degree of cyber sophistication would be required? (3) What additional capabilities become possible when the technologies underlying the development and implementation of VCs are used for purposes broader than currency?"--Publisher's web site
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Chapter One: Introduction: Approach -- Chapter Two: The Current State of Virtual Currencies: The Evolution to Virtual Currencies -- Origins and Trends of Virtual Currencies -- Early Systems -- Bitcoin -- Virtual Currencies After Bitcoin: Altcoins -- Authority (De)centralization and Implications for Virtual Currency Design -- Virtual Currencies and Non-State Actors -- Chapter Three: Can Virtual Currencies Increase Political Power?: Non-State Currencies Emerge When State Currencies Do Not Meet Groups' Needs -- Non-State Currencies Are Not Likely to Be VCs Now But Could Be VCs in the Future -- Chapter Four: Technical Challenges to Virtual Currency Deployment: Developing and Deploying a Virtual Currency: Developing Software for a Virtual Currency -- Physically Deploying a Virtual Currency -- Deployment Challenges for Decentralized Virtual Currencies -- Virtual Currencies, Adoption, and Value -- Ensuring Anonymity of Currency Use: Anonymity Versus Virtual Currency Centralization -- "Anonymity": A Bitcoin Case Study -- Some New Altcoins Build in Anonymous Transactions -- Cyber Threats to Virtual Currencies: Attacks Used by Tier I and Tier II Opponents -- Attacks Used by Tier III and Tier IV Opponents -- Attacks Used by Tier V and Tier VI Opponents -- The Possibility of Successful Defense -- Chapter Five: Implications Beyond Currency: Block-Chain Technology and Distributed Consensus -- Virtual Currencies Increase Cryptographic Sophistication -- Virtual Currencies and the Trend Toward Resilient, Decentralized Cyber Services -- Toward Resilient, Public Cyber Key Terrain -- Chapter Six: Conclusions and Future Research: For Future Research -- Appendix: Rating Cyber Threat Sophistication by Tiers -- References.
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 73-83) , Series from web site
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  • 15
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    The Federal voting assistance program and the road ahead : achieving institutional change through analysis and collaboration (2015)
    Santa Monica, Calif : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833091680 , 0833093274 , 0833091689 , 9780833093271
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxiii, 228 pages)
    Series Statement: Research report (Rand Corporation) RR-882-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Greenfield, Victoria A., 1964- Federal voting assistance program and the road ahead
    Keywords: Federal Voting Assistance Program (U.S.) ; United States ; Federal Voting Assistance Program (U.S.) ; United States ; Transnational voting ; Transnational voting ; LAW ; Torts ; Transnational voting ; United States ; Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (United States) ; Federal Voting Assistance Program (U.S.) ; Electronic books
    Abstract: In early 2013, the leadership of the Federal Voting Assistance Program (FVAP) commissioned the RAND National Defense Research Institute to undertake a collaborative, multiyear work program known as "FVAP and the Road Ahead." The project was established to assist FVAP in aligning its strategy and operations to better serve its mission and stakeholders, and to strengthen FVAP's capacity to set its own course, greet change, and communicate its role in the voting community. The RAND project team worked with FVAP to compare, reconcile, and align what was in the agency's strategy and typical of its operations and what should be, through an evidence-based approach that included logic modeling, stakeholder outreach, and a requirements assessment. This report documents the project and resulting changes within FVAP, which enabled a significant realignment of the agency's strategy and operations. The report concludes with final recommendations and guidance largely proposed to lock in and build on gains
    Note: "RR-882-OSD"--Page 4 of cover , "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references
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  • 16
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    Evaluating the impact of the Department of Defense Regional Centers for Security Studies (2014)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833085139 , 0833086499 , 0833085131 , 9780833086495
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxiii, 152 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Hanauer, Larry Evaluating the impact of the Department of Defense Regional Centers for Security Studies
    Keywords: United States Management ; Evaluation ; United States ; National security International cooperation ; Military assistance, American ; National security ; Military assistance, American ; National security ; International cooperation ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Armies ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; Treaties ; Management ; Evaluation ; Military assistance, American ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The five U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Regional Centers for Security Studies have been helping partner nations build strategic capacity for almost 20 years. However, recent DoD budget constraints have put pressure on the regional centers (RCs) to increase efficiency. The Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) asked RAND to conduct a study on the overall impact of the RCs, their effectiveness in advancing DoD policy priorities, the ways in which they assess their programs, and ways in which they could improve their impact and efficiency and the resulting outcomes. The RAND study team found that centers have had great success at the missions they have undertaken. They are high-impact components of U.S. security cooperation and engagement efforts, despite their relatively small budgets. The team identified 24 ways in which the centers advance U.S. interests, including building partner capacity, building relationships, fostering pro-U.S. outlooks, offering unique opportunities for engagement, and promoting regional dialogue that reduces tensions. However, RCs should improve impact-oriented data collection and analysis for improved assessment, methodically collecting such data over time. OSD and the combatant commands should improve their oversight and management of the RCs to ensure alignment with department- and theater-level objectives. In addition, OSD should maintain the RCs' focus on regional security challenges rather than refashioning them to address specific threats. Options to consider for greater impact include evaluating the balance between core residential courses and in-region workshops and determining whether and to what extent the centers should develop customized programs for DoD components so as to secure funds beyond the core budget they receive from OSD
    Abstract: The five U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Regional Centers for Security Studies have been helping partner nations build strategic capacity for almost 20 years. However, recent DoD budget constraints have put pressure on the regional centers (RCs) to increase efficiency. The Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) asked RAND to conduct a study on the overall impact of the RCs, their effectiveness in advancing DoD policy priorities, the ways in which they assess their programs, and ways in which they could improve their impact and efficiency and the resulting outcomes. The RAND study team found that centers have had great success at the missions they have undertaken. They are high-impact components of U.S. security cooperation and engagement efforts, despite their relatively small budgets. The team identified 24 ways in which the centers advance U.S. interests, including building partner capacity, building relationships, fostering pro-U.S. outlooks, offering unique opportunities for engagement, and promoting regional dialogue that reduces tensions. However, RCs should improve impact-oriented data collection and analysis for improved assessment, methodically collecting such data over time. OSD and the combatant commands should improve their oversight and management of the RCs to ensure alignment with department- and theater-level objectives. In addition, OSD should maintain the RCs' focus on regional security challenges rather than refashioning them to address specific threats. Options to consider for greater impact include evaluating the balance between core residential courses and in-region workshops and determining whether and to what extent the centers should develop customized programs for DoD components so as to secure funds beyond the core budget they receive from OSD
    Note: "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , "RR-388-OSD"--Page 4 of cover , "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 145-152)
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  • 17
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    A program manager's guide for program improvement in ongoing psychological health and traumatic brain injury programs (2014)
    Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833080523 , 0833084844 , 0833080520 , 9780833084842
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 42 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND toolkit v.4
    Parallel Title: Print version Ryan, Gery W Program manager's guide for program improvement in ongoing psychological health and traumatic brain injury programs
    Keywords: Medical care Evaluation ; Health services administration ; Quality assurance Management ; Mental health services Evaluation ; Medical care ; Health services administration ; Quality assurance ; Mental health services ; Brain Wounds and injuries ; Treatment ; Evaluation ; Brain ; Post-traumatic stress disorder ; Soldiers Mental health services ; Veterans Mental health services ; Depression, Mental ; Brain Injuries therapy ; Program Evaluation ; Mental Health Services ; Quality Improvement ; Post-traumatic stress disorder ; Veterans ; Mental health services ; Depression, Mental ; United States ; PSYCHOLOGY ; Psychopathology ; Depression ; Brain ; Wounds and injuries ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Between 2001 and 2011, the U.S. Department of Defense has implemented numerous programs to support service members and their families in coping with the stressors from a decade of the longstanding conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. These programs, which address both psychological health and traumatic brain injury (TBI), number in the hundreds and vary in their size, scope, and target population. To ensure that resources are wisely invested and maximize the benefits of such programs, RAND developed a tool to help assess program performance, consider options for improvement, implement solutions, then assess whether the changes worked, with the intention of helping those responsible for managing or implementing programs to conduct assessments of how well the program is performing and to implement solutions for improving performance. Specifically, the tool is intended to provide practical guidance in program improvement and continuous quality improvement for all programs
    Abstract: Between 2001 and 2011, the U.S. Department of Defense has implemented numerous programs to support service members and their families in coping with the stressors from a decade of the longstanding conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. These programs, which address both psychological health and traumatic brain injury (TBI), number in the hundreds and vary in their size, scope, and target population. To ensure that resources are wisely invested and maximize the benefits of such programs, RAND developed a tool to help assess program performance, consider options for improvement, implement solutions, then assess whether the changes worked, with the intention of helping those responsible for managing or implementing programs to conduct assessments of how well the program is performing and to implement solutions for improving performance. Specifically, the tool is intended to provide practical guidance in program improvement and continuous quality improvement for all programs
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Approved for public release; distribution unlimited , "RAND Corporation research report series."--Web page (PDF) , "RR-487/4-OSD."--Page 4 of printed paper wrapper , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense and the Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury , Includes bibliographical references (pages 39-42)
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  • 18
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    The Deployment Life Study : methodological overview and baseline sample description (2014)
    Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833079923 , 0833086766 , 0833079921 , 9780833086761
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 82 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Tanielian, Terri L Deployment Life Study
    Keywords: Families of military personnel Longitudinal studies ; Families of military personnel Research ; Families of military personnel ; Families of military personnel ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military Administration ; United States ; Longitudinal studies ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Families of military personnel ; Military & Naval Science ; Electronic books
    Abstract: In the past decade, U.S. military families have experienced extreme stress, as U.S. soldiers, sailors, airmen, and marines have experienced extended and repeated deployments. As a result, U.S. policymakers and Department of Defense leadership have placed an emphasis on family readiness for deployment and other military-related stressors. However, family readiness is not a well-understood construct. The Deployment Life Study was designed to provide a deeper understanding of family readiness and to address the sources of readiness among military families. It is a longitudinal study of military families over the course of a full deployment cycle--predeployment, during deployment, and postdeployment. Over the course of three years, the study will follow 2,724 families from each service and component, interviewing service members, their spouses, and one child between the ages of 11 and 17 in each family (if applicable) every four months. Baseline data are weighted to be representative of married service members who were eligible to deploy sometime between June 1, 2012, and December 31, 2012. This report describes the Deployment Life Study theoretical model; the content of the baseline assessment; the design and procedures associated with data collection, sampling and recruiting procedures; and the baseline sample of military families
    Abstract: In the past decade, U.S. military families have experienced extreme stress, as U.S. soldiers, sailors, airmen, and marines have experienced extended and repeated deployments. As a result, U.S. policymakers and Department of Defense leadership have placed an emphasis on family readiness for deployment and other military-related stressors. However, family readiness is not a well-understood construct. The Deployment Life Study was designed to provide a deeper understanding of family readiness and to address the sources of readiness among military families. It is a longitudinal study of military families over the course of a full deployment cycle--predeployment, during deployment, and postdeployment. Over the course of three years, the study will follow 2,724 families from each service and component, interviewing service members, their spouses, and one child between the ages of 11 and 17 in each family (if applicable) every four months. Baseline data are weighted to be representative of married service members who were eligible to deploy sometime between June 1, 2012, and December 31, 2012. This report describes the Deployment Life Study theoretical model; the content of the baseline assessment; the design and procedures associated with data collection, sampling and recruiting procedures; and the baseline sample of military families
    Note: "RAND Arroyo Center and National Defense Research Institute , "RR-209-A/OSD"--Page 4 of cover , Includes bibliographical references
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  • 19
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    Authorities and options for funding USSOCOM operations (2014)
    Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833085061 , 0833087150 , 0833085069 , 9780833087157
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 75 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Loredo, Elvira N Authorities and options for funding USSOCOM operations
    Keywords: U.S. Special Operations Command Finance ; U.S. Special Operations Command ; Military planning ; Military planning ; United States ; Military policy ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; U.S. Special Operations Command ; Armies ; Finance ; HISTORY ; Military ; Strategy ; Military planning ; United States Military policy ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This report examines mechanisms, sources, and inter-Service agreements for funding special operations forces (SOF) operations and provides recommendations to reduce the frequency and duration of disputes between the United States Special Operations Command (SOCOM), the Military Departments, and Geographic Combatant Commands over their respective funding responsibilities for SOF, especially with respect to when Service Common (Major Force Program (MFP) 2) and SOF Peculiar (MFP 11) funds should be used. The Geographic Combatant Commanders, in accordance with guidance received from the President and Secretary of Defense, generate requests for unplanned activities and operations, sometimes in response to unanticipated events. Such events fall outside planned and programmed activities, creating validated operational support requirements that are unfunded and/or unbudgeted. Each time this occurs, it leads to prolonged negotiations to work out funding responsibility disputes among a variety of stakeholders to secure the funding necessary to execute the new requirement. SOCOM's Global SOF Network (GSN) envisions increased use of SOF, which would further increase the frequency of such disputes and could be hindered by current funding processes, motivating the research conducted to produce this report. If the President and Congress agree to expand the use of SOF as described by the GSN concept, it would be necessary to increase the flexibility of funding available for validated but unfunded operations. To increase the effectiveness of SOF, the Department of Defense needs funding solutions that are responsive to global events while enabling effective financial stewardship that satisfies the needs of all stakeholders
    Abstract: This report examines mechanisms, sources, and inter-Service agreements for funding special operations forces (SOF) operations and provides recommendations to reduce the frequency and duration of disputes between the United States Special Operations Command (SOCOM), the Military Departments, and Geographic Combatant Commands over their respective funding responsibilities for SOF, especially with respect to when Service Common (Major Force Program (MFP) 2) and SOF Peculiar (MFP 11) funds should be used. The Geographic Combatant Commanders, in accordance with guidance received from the President and Secretary of Defense, generate requests for unplanned activities and operations, sometimes in response to unanticipated events. Such events fall outside planned and programmed activities, creating validated operational support requirements that are unfunded and/or unbudgeted. Each time this occurs, it leads to prolonged negotiations to work out funding responsibility disputes among a variety of stakeholders to secure the funding necessary to execute the new requirement. SOCOM's Global SOF Network (GSN) envisions increased use of SOF, which would further increase the frequency of such disputes and could be hindered by current funding processes, motivating the research conducted to produce this report. If the President and Congress agree to expand the use of SOF as described by the GSN concept, it would be necessary to increase the flexibility of funding available for validated but unfunded operations. To increase the effectiveness of SOF, the Department of Defense needs funding solutions that are responsive to global events while enabling effective financial stewardship that satisfies the needs of all stakeholders
    Note: "Prepared for the U.S. Special Operations Command."' , "National Defense Research Institute , "RR-360-SOCOM"--Page 4 of cover , Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-75)
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  • 20
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    Spillover from the conflict in Syria : an assessment of the factors that aid and impede the spread of violence (2014)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833087263 , 0833087924 , 0833087266 , 9780833087928
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 72 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Spillover from the conflict in Syria : an assessment of the factors that aid and impede the spread of violence
    Keywords: Protest movements ; Protest movements ; HISTORY ; Middle East ; General ; Protest movements ; History ; Politics and government ; Syria ; Civil War (Syria : 2011- ) ; Syria Politics and government 21st century ; Syria History Civil War, 2011- ; Syria ; Syria ; Electronic books
    Abstract: All roads lead to Damascus and then back out again, but in different directions. The financial and military aid flowing into Syria from patrons and neighbors is intended to determine the outcome of the conflict between a loose confederation of rebel factions and the regime in Damascus. Instead, this outside support has the potential to perpetuate the existing civil war and to ignite larger regional hostilities between Sunni and Shia areas that could reshape the political geography of the Middle East. This report examines the main factors that are likely to contribute to or impede the spread of violence from civil war and insurgency in Syria, and then examines how they apply to Turkey, Lebanon, Iraq, and Jordan
    Abstract: All roads lead to Damascus and then back out again, but in different directions. The financial and military aid flowing into Syria from patrons and neighbors is intended to determine the outcome of the conflict between a loose confederation of rebel factions and the regime in Damascus. Instead, this outside support has the potential to perpetuate the existing civil war and to ignite larger regional hostilities between Sunni and Shia areas that could reshape the political geography of the Middle East. This report examines the main factors that are likely to contribute to or impede the spread of violence from civil war and insurgency in Syria, and then examines how they apply to Turkey, Lebanon, Iraq, and Jordan
    Note: "RAND National Defense Research Institute , "This research was conducted within the International Security and Defense Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute"--Preface , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references
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  • 21
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    Elements of success : how type of secondary education credential helps predict enlistee attrition (2014)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833084248 , 0833085220 , 0833084240 , 9780833085221
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 47 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation research report series RR-374-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Burkhauser, Susan Elements of success
    Keywords: Military discharge ; Education, Secondary Evaluation ; Military discharge ; Education, Secondary ; Military Administration ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; Armed Forces ; Personnel management ; United States ; Education, Secondary ; Evaluation ; Military discharge ; Recruiting and enlistment ; United States Armed Forces ; Recruiting, enlistment, etc ; United States Armed Forces ; Personnel management ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The U.S military services have traditionally used a tiering system, including education credentials such as high school diplomas, in combination with Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT) scores to help gauge the likelihood of a recruit persevering through his or her first term of service. But what about less traditional credentials, such as diplomas earned through homeschooling and distance learning? The Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Personnel and Readiness) asked RAND to examine whether its current education-credential tiering policy is still useful in predicting first-term attrition. The authors examined attrition rates at 12, 24, and 36 months of service for all enlistees from 2000 through 2011. Using statistical regression techniques, they compared attrition rates for those with distance learning or homeschool credentials to those of high school diploma holders, after controlling for other observable population differences. Overall, the analyses support current tiering policy classifying homeschool diplomas as Tier 1 if a recruit's AFQT score is 50 or higher (i.e., they are treated the same as high school diploma holders) or Tier 2 if a recruit's AFQT score is lower than 50. The results also support classifying distance learning credentials as Tier 2 regardless of AFQT score
    Abstract: The U.S military services have traditionally used a tiering system, including education credentials such as high school diplomas, in combination with Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT) scores to help gauge the likelihood of a recruit persevering through his or her first term of service. But what about less traditional credentials, such as diplomas earned through homeschooling and distance learning? The Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Personnel and Readiness) asked RAND to examine whether its current education-credential tiering policy is still useful in predicting first-term attrition. The authors examined attrition rates at 12, 24, and 36 months of service for all enlistees from 2000 through 2011. Using statistical regression techniques, they compared attrition rates for those with distance learning or homeschool credentials to those of high school diploma holders, after controlling for other observable population differences. Overall, the analyses support current tiering policy classifying homeschool diplomas as Tier 1 if a recruit's AFQT score is 50 or higher (i.e., they are treated the same as high school diploma holders) or Tier 2 if a recruit's AFQT score is lower than 50. The results also support classifying distance learning credentials as Tier 2 regardless of AFQT score
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (page 47)
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  • 22
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    Sexual assault and sexual harassment in the U.S. military : : Top-line estimates for active-duty service members from the 2014 Rand Military Workplace Study (2014)
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833088598 , 0833089315 , 0833088599 , 9780833089311
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 43 pages)
    Series Statement: RR-870-OSD
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sexual assault and sexual harassment in the U.S. military. Top-line estimates for active-duty service members from the 2014 Rand Military Workplace Study
    DDC: 355.0082097
    Keywords: Women soldiers Crimes against ; Social surveys ; Soldiers Crimes against ; Sexual harassment in the military ; Women soldiers ; Social surveys ; Soldiers ; Sexual harassment in the military ; Sexual harassment in the military ; Social surveys ; Military Administration ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; United States ; United States Armed Forces ; Women ; Crimes against ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: In early 2014, the Department of Defense Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office asked the RAND National Defense Research Institute to conduct an independent assessment of sexual assault, sexual harassment, and gender discrimination in the military -- an assessment last conducted in 2012 by the department itself with the Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Personnel. Separately, the Coast Guard requested that we expand the 2014 study to include an assessment of its active and reserve force. This report provides initial top-line active-duty Coast Guard estimates from the resulting RAND Military Workplace Study, which invited close to 560,000 service members to participate in a survey fielded in August and September of 2014
    Abstract: In early 2014, the Department of Defense Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office asked the RAND National Defense Research Institute to conduct an independent assessment of sexual assault, sexual harassment, and gender discrimination in the military -- an assessment last conducted in 2012 by the department itself with the Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Personnel. Separately, the Coast Guard requested that we expand the 2014 study to include an assessment of its active and reserve force. This report provides initial top-line active-duty Coast Guard estimates from the resulting RAND Military Workplace Study, which invited close to 560,000 service members to participate in a survey fielded in August and September of 2014
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 37-38) , Prepared for the DoD Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office
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  • 23
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    Sexual assault and sexual harassment in the U.S. military : : Top-line estimates for active-duty Coast Guard members from the 2014 Rand Military Workplace Study (2014)
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833088611 , 0833089234 , 0833088610 , 9780833089236
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 27 pages)
    Series Statement: RR-944-USCG
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sexual assault and sexual harassment in the U.S. military. Top-line estimates for active-duty Coast Guard members from the 2014 Rand Military Workplace Study
    DDC: 355.0082
    Keywords: Soldiers Crimes against ; Social surveys ; Sexual harassment in the military ; Women soldiers Crimes against ; Soldiers ; Social surveys ; Sexual harassment in the military ; Women soldiers ; Sexual harassment in the military ; Social surveys ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Naval Science - General ; United States ; United States Armed Forces ; Women ; Crimes against ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "In early 2014, the Department of Defense (DoD) Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office (SAPRO) asked the RAND National Defense Research Institute (NDRI) to conduct an independent assessment of sexual assault, sexual harassment, and gender discrimination in the military -- an assessment last conducted in 2012 by the department itself with the Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Personnel (WGRA). Separately, the Coast Guard requested that we expand the 2014 study to include an assessment of its active and reserve force. This report provides initial top-line active-duty Coast Guard estimates from the resulting RAND Military Workplace Study, which invited close to 560,000 service members to participate in a survey fielded in August and September of 2014"--Website
    Abstract: "In early 2014, the Department of Defense (DoD) Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office (SAPRO) asked the RAND National Defense Research Institute (NDRI) to conduct an independent assessment of sexual assault, sexual harassment, and gender discrimination in the military -- an assessment last conducted in 2012 by the department itself with the Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Active Duty Personnel (WGRA). Separately, the Coast Guard requested that we expand the 2014 study to include an assessment of its active and reserve force. This report provides initial top-line active-duty Coast Guard estimates from the resulting RAND Military Workplace Study, which invited close to 560,000 service members to participate in a survey fielded in August and September of 2014"--Website
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 23, 25-26) , Prepared for the DoD Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office
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  • 24
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    Improving interagency information sharing using technology demonstrations : the legal basis for using new sensor technologies for counterdrug operations along the U.S. border (2014)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833084941 , 0833085700 , 0833084941 , 9780833085702
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 84 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Gonzales, Daniel Improving interagency information sharing using technology demonstrations
    Keywords: United States ; United States ; Civil-military relations ; Drug control Technological innovations ; Drug traffic Prevention ; Border security ; Interagency coordination ; Information networks Management ; Military law ; Civil-military relations ; Drug control ; Drug traffic ; Border security ; Interagency coordination ; Information networks ; Military law ; Information networks ; Management ; Interagency coordination ; Military law ; Law - U.S ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military Law - U.S ; United States ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Border security ; Civil-military relations ; United States ; Drug control ; Technological innovations ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The Department of Defense (DoD) has developed new sensor technologies to support military forces operating in Iraq and Afghanistan. These new capabilities may be useful in counterdrug (CD) operations along the southern U.S. border. DoD has held technology demonstrations to test and demonstrate new technologies along the southern border--because the field conditions along the border closely resemble those in current military theaters of operation and because they can also reveal whether new technologies are useful for CD operations led by domestic law enforcement agencies. However, there are legal questions about whether such technology demonstrations fully comply with U.S. law and whether advanced DoD sensors can legally be used in domestic CD operations when they are operated by U.S. military forces. In this report, the authors examine federal law and DoD policy to answer these questions. Some parts of U.S. law mandate information sharing among federal departments and agencies for national security purposes and direct DoD to play a key role in domestic CD operations in support of U.S. law enforcement agencies, while other parts of the law place restrictions on when the U.S. military may participate in law enforcement operations. Reviewing relevant federal law and DoD policy, the authors conclude that there is no legal reason why a DoD sensor should be excluded from use in an interagency technology demonstration or in an actual CD operation as long as a valid request for support is made by an appropriate law enforcement official and so long as no personally identifiable or private information is collected. The authors recommend DoD policy on domestic CD operations be formally clarified and that an approval process should be established for technology demonstrations with a CD nexus
    Abstract: The Department of Defense (DoD) has developed new sensor technologies to support military forces operating in Iraq and Afghanistan. These new capabilities may be useful in counterdrug (CD) operations along the southern U.S. border. DoD has held technology demonstrations to test and demonstrate new technologies along the southern border--because the field conditions along the border closely resemble those in current military theaters of operation and because they can also reveal whether new technologies are useful for CD operations led by domestic law enforcement agencies. However, there are legal questions about whether such technology demonstrations fully comply with U.S. law and whether advanced DoD sensors can legally be used in domestic CD operations when they are operated by U.S. military forces. In this report, the authors examine federal law and DoD policy to answer these questions. Some parts of U.S. law mandate information sharing among federal departments and agencies for national security purposes and direct DoD to play a key role in domestic CD operations in support of U.S. law enforcement agencies, while other parts of the law place restrictions on when the U.S. military may participate in law enforcement operations. Reviewing relevant federal law and DoD policy, the authors conclude that there is no legal reason why a DoD sensor should be excluded from use in an interagency technology demonstration or in an actual CD operation as long as a valid request for support is made by an appropriate law enforcement official and so long as no personally identifiable or private information is collected. The authors recommend DoD policy on domestic CD operations be formally clarified and that an approval process should be established for technology demonstrations with a CD nexus
    Note: "RR551-OSD"--Page 4 of cover , "RAND National Security Research Division , "This research was ... conducted within the International Security and Defense Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute"--Preface , Includes bibliographical references (pages 81-84)
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  • 25
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    From stalemate to settlement : lessons for Afghanistan from historical insurgencies that have been resolved through negotiation (2014)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833082428 , 0833082426 , 9780833082435 , 0833082442 , 0833082434 , 083308237X , 9780833082374 , 9780833082442
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 73 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation research report series RR469
    Parallel Title: Print version Clarke, Colin P From stalemate to settlement
    Keywords: Insurgency History ; Insurgency ; Mediation, International ; Peace-building ; Insurgency ; Insurgency ; Mediation, International ; Peace-building ; Insurgency ; Mediation, International ; Peace-building ; Law, Politics & Government ; International Relations ; Afghanistan ; LAW ; International ; History ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "In June 2013, the Afghan Taliban opened a political office in Qatar to facilitate peace talks with the U.S. and Afghan governments. Negotiations between the United States and the group that sheltered al-Qaeda would have been unthinkable 12 years ago, but the reality is that a negotiated settlement in Afghanistan is one of several possible end games under the current U.S. withdrawal plan. Negotiating an end to an insurgency can be a long and arduous process beset by false starts and continued violence, but a comprehensive review of historical cases that ended in settlement shows that these negotiations followed a similar path that can be generalized into a "master narrative." This research examines 13 historical cases of insurgencies that were resolved through negotiated settlement in which neither side (insurgents or counterinsurgents) unambiguously prevailed. Taken together, these cases reveal that the path to negotiated settlement generally proceeds in seven steps in a common sequence. Although this resulting master narrative does not necessarily conform precisely to every conflict brought to resolution through negotiation, it can serve as an important tool to guide the progress of a similar approach to resolving the conflict in Afghanistan as U.S. forces prepare to withdraw."--Provided by publisher
    Abstract: "In June 2013, the Afghan Taliban opened a political office in Qatar to facilitate peace talks with the U.S. and Afghan governments. Negotiations between the United States and the group that sheltered al-Qaeda would have been unthinkable 12 years ago, but the reality is that a negotiated settlement in Afghanistan is one of several possible end games under the current U.S. withdrawal plan. Negotiating an end to an insurgency can be a long and arduous process beset by false starts and continued violence, but a comprehensive review of historical cases that ended in settlement shows that these negotiations followed a similar path that can be generalized into a "master narrative." This research examines 13 historical cases of insurgencies that were resolved through negotiated settlement in which neither side (insurgents or counterinsurgents) unambiguously prevailed. Taken together, these cases reveal that the path to negotiated settlement generally proceeds in seven steps in a common sequence. Although this resulting master narrative does not necessarily conform precisely to every conflict brought to resolution through negotiation, it can serve as an important tool to guide the progress of a similar approach to resolving the conflict in Afghanistan as U.S. forces prepare to withdraw."--Provided by publisher
    Note: "This report builds on previous RAND Corporation research on the demonstrated effectiveness of a variety of concepts for counterinsurgency ... at the core of the current research is an analysis of the correlates and conditions of negotiated settlements in historical insurgencies."--Preface , "Approved for public release; distribution unlimited , Includes bibliographical references
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  • 26
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    Prolonged cycle times and schedule growth in defense acquisition : a literature review (2014)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833085153 , 0833086731 , 0833085158 , 9780833086730
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 83 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Riposo, Jessie Prolonged cycle times and schedule growth in defense acquisition
    Keywords: Armed Forces Procurement ; Armed Forces ; Military Administration ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Armed Forces ; Procurement ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This report summarizes a selection of the defense acquisition literature from the 1960s to the present on potential sources of prolonged acquisition cycle times and schedule growth, as well as potential opportunities for improvement. It presents the range of possible causes of schedule-related problems and various recommendations cited for improving schedules by various authors and organizations. This report does not provide critical analysis or an assessment of the strengths or weaknesses of the claims made in the literature. Rather, it provides a starting point for further research or consideration by government acquisition professionals, oversight organizations, and the analytic community. We identified the following reasons for schedule delays in the literature: (1) the difficulty of managing technical risk (e.g., program complexity, immature technology, and unanticipated technical issues), (2) initial assumptions or expectations that were difficult to fulfill (e.g., schedule estimates, risk control, requirements, and performance assumptions), and (3) funding instability. The most commonly cited recommendations for reducing cycle time and controlling schedule growth in the literature are strategies that manage or reduce technical risk. Some of those recommendations include using incremental fielding or evolutionary acquisition strategies, developing derivative products (rather than brand-new designs), using mature or proven technology (i.e., commercial, off-the-shelf components), maintaining stable funding, and using atypical contracting vehicles
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , "RR-455-OSD"--Page 4 of cover , Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-83)
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  • 27
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    An evaluation of the implementation and perceived utility of the Airman Resilience Training Program (2014)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833086280 , 0833087134 , 0833086286 , 9780833087133
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 83 pages)
    Series Statement: Research report
    Parallel Title: Print version Evaluation of the implementation and perceived utility of the Airman Resilience Training Program
    Keywords: United States Airmen ; United States ; Military education ; Resilience (Personality trait) ; Military art and science ; Military education ; Resilience (Personality trait) ; Military art and science ; Military education ; Resilience (Personality trait) ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Air Forces ; United States ; MEDICAL ; Preventive Medicine ; United States ; Armed Forces ; Airmen ; Military art and science ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "Since 2001, the U.S. military has been functioning at an operational tempo that is historically high for the all-volunteer force in which service members are deploying for extended periods on a repeated basis. Even with the drawdown of troops from Iraq in 2011, some service members are returning from deployment experiencing difficulties handling stress, mental health problems, or deficits caused by a traumatic brain injury (TBI). In response to these challenges, the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) has implemented numerous programs to support service members and their families in these areas. In 2009, the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs asked the RAND National Defense Research Institute to develop a comprehensive catalog of existing programs sponsored or funded by DoD to support psychological health and care for TBI, to create tools to support ongoing assessment and evaluation of the DoD portfolio of programs, and to conduct evaluations of a subset of these programs. This report describes RAND's assessment of an Air Force program, Airman Resilience Training (ART), a psychoeducational program designed to improve airmen's reactions to stress during and after deployment and to increase the use of mental health services when needed. ART was initiated in November 2010, replacing a previous program named Landing Gear, which had been in place since April 2008. The RAND study took place from August 2011 through November 2011. This report will be of particular interest to officials within the Air Force who are responsible for the psychological health and well-being of airmen, as well as to others within the military who are developing programs for service members to help them cope with stress while in combat situations and after returning from deployment."--"Abstract" on web page
    Abstract: "Since 2001, the U.S. military has been functioning at an operational tempo that is historically high for the all-volunteer force in which service members are deploying for extended periods on a repeated basis. Even with the drawdown of troops from Iraq in 2011, some service members are returning from deployment experiencing difficulties handling stress, mental health problems, or deficits caused by a traumatic brain injury (TBI). In response to these challenges, the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) has implemented numerous programs to support service members and their families in these areas. In 2009, the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs asked the RAND National Defense Research Institute to develop a comprehensive catalog of existing programs sponsored or funded by DoD to support psychological health and care for TBI, to create tools to support ongoing assessment and evaluation of the DoD portfolio of programs, and to conduct evaluations of a subset of these programs. This report describes RAND's assessment of an Air Force program, Airman Resilience Training (ART), a psychoeducational program designed to improve airmen's reactions to stress during and after deployment and to increase the use of mental health services when needed. ART was initiated in November 2010, replacing a previous program named Landing Gear, which had been in place since April 2008. The RAND study took place from August 2011 through November 2011. This report will be of particular interest to officials within the Air Force who are responsible for the psychological health and well-being of airmen, as well as to others within the military who are developing programs for service members to help them cope with stress while in combat situations and after returning from deployment."--"Abstract" on web page
    Note: "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , "National Defense Research Institute , "RR-655-OSD , Includes bibliographical references (pages 81-83)
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  • 28
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    Cruise missile penaid nonproliferation : hindering the spread of countermeasures against cruise missile defenses (2014)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833087706 , 0833089560 , 0833087703 , 9780833089564
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 51 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Speier, Richard Cruise missile penaid nonproliferation
    Keywords: Cruise missiles ; Antimissile missiles ; Technology transfer ; Arms control ; Export controls ; Cruise missiles ; Antimissile missiles ; Technology transfer ; Arms control ; Export controls ; Arms control ; Cruise missiles ; Export controls ; Technology transfer ; Law, Politics & Government ; International Relations ; HISTORY ; Military ; Weapons ; Antimissile missiles ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) becomes a greater threat when accompanied by the proliferation of effective means of delivery. The threat of one means of delivery, cruise missiles, will increase if proliferators can acquire effective countermeasures against missile defenses. Such countermeasures, when incorporated in an attacker's missile, are known as penetration aids or penaids. As proliferator nations acquire ballistic and cruise missiles for this purpose, it will be important to establish effective measures to counter WMD attacks. This research was designed to assist U.S. agencies charged with generating policies to discourage the proliferation of WMD and cruise missile delivery systems, thereby strengthening deterrence. Specifically, it recommends controls on potential exports of penaid-related items according to the structure of the current international policy against missile proliferation, the Missile Technology Control Regime. The recommendations account for 18 classes of such items and are based on structured interviews with government and nongovernment experts, as well as an independent technical assessment to develop a preliminary characterization of the technologies and equipment most critical to the emerging penaid threat. The project also brought together a selected group of experts to participate in a workshop to review the initial characterization of penaid technologies and equipment
    Abstract: Preface. -- Summary. -- Acknowledgments. -- Cruise missile penaid nonproliferation. -- The missile technology control regime. -- Items proposed for penaid export controls. -- Implementing penaid export constrols. -- Concluding observations. -- References
    Abstract: The proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) becomes a greater threat when accompanied by the proliferation of effective means of delivery. The threat of one means of delivery, cruise missiles, will increase if proliferators can acquire effective countermeasures against missile defenses. Such countermeasures, when incorporated in an attacker's missile, are known as penetration aids or penaids. As proliferator nations acquire ballistic and cruise missiles for this purpose, it will be important to establish effective measures to counter WMD attacks. This research was designed to assist U.S. agencies charged with generating policies to discourage the proliferation of WMD and cruise missile delivery systems, thereby strengthening deterrence. Specifically, it recommends controls on potential exports of penaid-related items according to the structure of the current international policy against missile proliferation, the Missile Technology Control Regime. The recommendations account for 18 classes of such items and are based on structured interviews with government and nongovernment experts, as well as an independent technical assessment to develop a preliminary characterization of the technologies and equipment most critical to the emerging penaid threat. The project also brought together a selected group of experts to participate in a workshop to review the initial characterization of penaid technologies and equipment
    Note: "Prepared for the Naval Postgraduate School, Project on Advanced Systems and Concepts for Combating WMD , Includes bibliographical references (pages 49-51)
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  • 29
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    Sea power and American interests in the western Pacific (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833078919 , 0833078917 , 9780833078902 , 0833078933 , 0833078909 , 0833078925 , 9780833078926 , 9780833078933
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 193 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Gompert, David C Sea power and American interests in the western Pacific
    Keywords: Naval strategy ; Sea-power ; Geopolitics ; Sea-power ; Sea-power ; Naval strategy ; Sea-power ; Geopolitics ; Sea-power ; Sea-power ; Sea-power ; Strategic aspects of individual places ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Naval Science - General ; China ; Pacific Area ; United States ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Marine & Naval ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Geopolitics ; Naval strategy ; International relations ; China Strategic aspects ; United States Relations ; China Relations ; China ; United States ; China ; Electronic books
    Abstract: China sees American sea power in East Asian waters as threatening to itself, its regional aspirations, and possibly its global access. So it is mounting a challenge with anti-ship missiles, submarines, and a growing fleet of its own. However, the United States will not relinquish its sea power, which it sees as needed to maintain its influence and stability, despite China's growing might, in this vital region. History shows that rivalries between established and rising sea powers tend to end badly, to wit: Britain versus Germany before World War I and the United States versus Japan before World War II. In this case, technology that enables the targeting of surface ships, especially aircraft carriers, favors the challenger, China. The United States can exploit technology more boldly than it has previously to make its sea power less vulnerable by relying more on submarines, drones, and smaller, elusive, widely distributed strike platforms. Yet, such a U.S. strategy could take decades and even then be vulnerable to Chinese cyber-war. Therefore, in parallel with making its sea power more survivable, the United States should propose an alternative to confrontation at sea: East Asian multilateral maritime-security cooperation, with China invited to join. While China might be wary that such a regional arrangement would be designed to contain and constrain it, the alternative of exclusion and isolation could induce China to join
    Abstract: China sees American sea power in East Asian waters as threatening to itself, its regional aspirations, and possibly its global access. So it is mounting a challenge with anti-ship missiles, submarines, and a growing fleet of its own. However, the United States will not relinquish its sea power, which it sees as needed to maintain its influence and stability, despite China's growing might, in this vital region. History shows that rivalries between established and rising sea powers tend to end badly, to wit: Britain versus Germany before World War I and the United States versus Japan before World War II. In this case, technology that enables the targeting of surface ships, especially aircraft carriers, favors the challenger, China. The United States can exploit technology more boldly than it has previously to make its sea power less vulnerable by relying more on submarines, drones, and smaller, elusive, widely distributed strike platforms. Yet, such a U.S. strategy could take decades and even then be vulnerable to Chinese cyber-war. Therefore, in parallel with making its sea power more survivable, the United States should propose an alternative to confrontation at sea: East Asian multilateral maritime-security cooperation, with China invited to join. While China might be wary that such a regional arrangement would be designed to contain and constrain it, the alternative of exclusion and isolation could induce China to join
    Note: "Rand National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references
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    Democratization in the Arab world : a summary of lessons from around the globe (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833083807 , 0833083805
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (iv, 42 pages)
    Keywords: Democratization ; Democracy ; Democratization ; Democracy ; Democratization ; Politics and government ; HISTORY ; Middle East ; General ; Arab countries ; Democracy ; Arab countries Politics and government ; Arab countries ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The hopes and drama of the Arab Spring captured the world's attention early in 2011. As events unfolded during that year and the next, and into 2013, it quickly became clear that daunting challenges lay ahead for postrevolutionary Arab countries. This publication is an updated version of the summary section of "Democratization in the Arab World". It is largely the same as the summary published in 2012, but has been modified somewhat to reflect recent events and to be suitable for publication as a stand-alone document
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 31
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    The Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center Care Coordination Program : assessment of program structure, activities, and implementation (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833080998 , 0833083317 , 0833080997 , 9780833083319
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 74 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation research report series RR126
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Martin, Laurie T. (Laurie Thayer), 1974- Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center Care Coordination Program
    Keywords: Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (Washington, D.C.) Evaluation ; Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (Washington, D.C.) ; Brain damage Patients ; Rehabilitation ; Management ; Disabled veterans Medical care ; Management ; Brain damage ; Disabled veterans ; Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment ; Brain Diseases ; Brain Injuries ; Central Nervous System Diseases ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Delivery of Health Care ; Disabled Persons ; Disease ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms ; Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation ; Health Services Administration ; Investigative Techniques ; Named Groups ; Nervous System Diseases ; Persons ; Program Evaluation ; Quality of Health Care ; Trauma, Nervous System ; Veterans ; Wounds and Injuries ; Neurology ; United States ; MEDICAL ; Neurology ; Evaluation ; Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (Washington, D.C.) ; Medicine ; Health & Biological Sciences ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Improvised explosive devices have been used extensively against U.S. forces during Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom and have been one of the leading causes of death. Injuries among survivors often include traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Those recovering from TBIs often find they must coordinate services across multiple systems of care to meet all their medical and psychological health needs. This task is difficult even for those without the cognitive challenges associated with TBI and may prove overwhelming or even impossible, particularly during periods of transition from inpatient to outpatient services or from active duty to veteran status, for example. Although case management and care coordination are readily available for those who have experienced a severe TBI, fewer resources are available for those with symptomatic mild and moderate TBI. This report focuses on a program designed to facilitate care coordination for individuals with mild and moderate TBI, the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center Care Coordination Program. It summarizes RAND's assessment of the program's structure, activities, and implementation. To address the goals above, the authors conducted semistructured interviews in person with program administrators and via telephone with regional care coordinators. The subsequent analysis identified innovative practices, continuing challenges, and lessons learned. The recommendations provided here suggest strategies for meeting these challenges while maintaining the benefits possible through this novel approach to care
    Abstract: Improvised explosive devices have been used extensively against U.S. forces during Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom and have been one of the leading causes of death. Injuries among survivors often include traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Those recovering from TBIs often find they must coordinate services across multiple systems of care to meet all their medical and psychological health needs. This task is difficult even for those without the cognitive challenges associated with TBI and may prove overwhelming or even impossible, particularly during periods of transition from inpatient to outpatient services or from active duty to veteran status, for example. Although case management and care coordination are readily available for those who have experienced a severe TBI, fewer resources are available for those with symptomatic mild and moderate TBI. This report focuses on a program designed to facilitate care coordination for individuals with mild and moderate TBI, the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center Care Coordination Program. It summarizes RAND's assessment of the program's structure, activities, and implementation. To address the goals above, the authors conducted semistructured interviews in person with program administrators and via telephone with regional care coordinators. The subsequent analysis identified innovative practices, continuing challenges, and lessons learned. The recommendations provided here suggest strategies for meeting these challenges while maintaining the benefits possible through this novel approach to care
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-74)
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    Workforce planning in the intelligence community : a retrospective (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833080783 , 0833083279 , 0833080784 , 9780833083272
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 76 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation research report series RR-114-ODNI
    Keywords: United States Personnel management ; United States Personnel management ; United States ; United States ; Intelligence service Personnel management ; Intelligence service ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Personnel management ; United States ; United States ; United States ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The U.S. intelligence community has a continuing and important role to play in providing the best intelligence and analytic insight possible to aid the nation's leaders in making decisions and taking action. Executing this role will require unprecedented collaboration and information sharing. The personnel throughout the intelligence agencies are essential to accomplishing these tasks. The intelligence community has made significant progress during the past decade in rebuilding its workforce and developing capabilities lost during the 1990s. As decisionmakers look ahead to a future most certainly defined by constrained budgets, it will be important to avoid repeating the post-Cold War drawdown experience and losing capability in a similar way because the consequences of such actions can be long lasting. This report chronicles intelligence community efforts over more than half a decade to improve community-wide workforce planning and management. It describes workforce planning tools that will help decisionmakers maintain a workforce capable of meeting the challenges that lie ahead, even as budgets decline. In addition, the community's collective efforts to take a more strategic approach to workforce planning point to a number of important considerations that serve as guideposts for the future: (1) rebuilding lost capability takes time, (2) resource flexibility is needed, (3) risk is an essential element in workforce planning, (4) systematic planning shores up requirements, and (5) the supply of military personnel is likely to decline. These lessons learned through an era of workforce rebuilding can inform resource decisions today and in the years to come
    Abstract: The U.S. intelligence community has a continuing and important role to play in providing the best intelligence and analytic insight possible to aid the nation's leaders in making decisions and taking action. Executing this role will require unprecedented collaboration and information sharing. The personnel throughout the intelligence agencies are essential to accomplishing these tasks. The intelligence community has made significant progress during the past decade in rebuilding its workforce and developing capabilities lost during the 1990s. As decisionmakers look ahead to a future most certainly defined by constrained budgets, it will be important to avoid repeating the post-Cold War drawdown experience and losing capability in a similar way because the consequences of such actions can be long lasting. This report chronicles intelligence community efforts over more than half a decade to improve community-wide workforce planning and management. It describes workforce planning tools that will help decisionmakers maintain a workforce capable of meeting the challenges that lie ahead, even as budgets decline. In addition, the community's collective efforts to take a more strategic approach to workforce planning point to a number of important considerations that serve as guideposts for the future: (1) rebuilding lost capability takes time, (2) resource flexibility is needed, (3) risk is an essential element in workforce planning, (4) systematic planning shores up requirements, and (5) the supply of military personnel is likely to decline. These lessons learned through an era of workforce rebuilding can inform resource decisions today and in the years to come
    Note: "Prepared for the Office of the Director of National Intelligence , "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 73-76)
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    Analyses of the Department of Defense acquisition workforce : update to methods and results through FY 2011 (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833080585 , 0833083260 , 083308058X , 9780833083265
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xx, 73 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation research report series RR-110-OSD
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Gates, Susan M., 1968- Analyses of the Department of Defense acquisition workforce
    Keywords: United States Procurement ; United States Personnel management ; United States ; United States ; Civil service ; Civil service ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military Administration ; United States ; COMPUTERS ; Data Modeling & Design ; Armed Forces ; Procurement ; Civil service ; Personnel management ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The organic defense acquisition workforce consists of military personnel and Department of Defense civilian personnel who provide the management, technical, and business capabilities needed to oversee defense acquisition programs from start to finish. This workforce must itself be managed so that the right numbers of the right personnel are in the right positions at the right time. Since 2006, RAND has been helping develop data-based tools to support analysis of this workforce. This volume updates a 2008 report by documenting revisions to methods, providing descriptive information on the workforce through fiscal year 2011, and providing a user's manual for a model that can help managers project workforce needs through 2021 under different assumptions about the future. The report illustrates the use of the model
    Abstract: The organic defense acquisition workforce consists of military personnel and Department of Defense civilian personnel who provide the management, technical, and business capabilities needed to oversee defense acquisition programs from start to finish. This workforce must itself be managed so that the right numbers of the right personnel are in the right positions at the right time. Since 2006, RAND has been helping develop data-based tools to support analysis of this workforce. This volume updates a 2008 report by documenting revisions to methods, providing descriptive information on the workforce through fiscal year 2011, and providing a user's manual for a model that can help managers project workforce needs through 2021 under different assumptions about the future. The report illustrates the use of the model
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-73)
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    Support for the 21st-century reserve force : insights to facilitate successful reintegration for citizen warriors and their families (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833081384 , 0833081993 , 0833081381 , 9780833081995
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxii, 215 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation research report series RR206
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Werber, Laura Support for the 21st-century reserve force
    Keywords: Families of military personnel Services for ; Veterans Services for ; Veteran reintegration ; Families of military personnel ; Veterans ; Veteran reintegration ; Veterans ; Services for ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military Administration ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; United States ; Armed Forces ; Armed Forces ; Reserves ; Families of military personnel ; Services for ; Veteran reintegration ; United States National Guard ; United States National Guard ; Recruiting, enlistment, etc ; United States Armed Forces ; Reserves ; Recruiting, enlistment, etc ; United States Armed Forces ; Reserves ; United States ; United States ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Many studies have examined the impact of deployment on military families, but few have assessed either the challenges that guard and reserve families face following deployment or how they manage the reintegration phase of the deployment cycle. This report aims to facilitate the successful reintegration of guard and reserve personnel as they return to civilian life after deployment. Using surveys and interviews with guard and reserve families, along with interviews with resource providers, this report examines how these families fare after deployment, the challenges they confront during that time frame, and the strategies and resources they use to navigate the reintegration phase. Factors associated with reintegration success include the adequacy of communication between families and the service member's unit or Service and between service members and their families, initial readiness for deployment, family finances, and whether the service member returns with a psychological issue or physical injury. Successful reintegration from the families' perspective was related to measures of military readiness, such as the service members' plans to continue guard or reserve service. In addition, there is a wide-ranging and complex 'web of support' available to assist families with reintegration, including U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) programs, state and local government agencies, private nonprofit and for-profit resource providers, faith-based organizations, and informal resources (such as family, friends, and social networks). Opportunities for collaboration among providers abound. DoD does not have to 'do it all, ' but the report suggests steps it can take to ensure that reintegration proceeds as smoothly as possible
    Abstract: Many studies have examined the impact of deployment on military families, but few have assessed either the challenges that guard and reserve families face following deployment or how they manage the reintegration phase of the deployment cycle. This report aims to facilitate the successful reintegration of guard and reserve personnel as they return to civilian life after deployment. Using surveys and interviews with guard and reserve families, along with interviews with resource providers, this report examines how these families fare after deployment, the challenges they confront during that time frame, and the strategies and resources they use to navigate the reintegration phase. Factors associated with reintegration success include the adequacy of communication between families and the service member's unit or Service and between service members and their families, initial readiness for deployment, family finances, and whether the service member returns with a psychological issue or physical injury. Successful reintegration from the families' perspective was related to measures of military readiness, such as the service members' plans to continue guard or reserve service. In addition, there is a wide-ranging and complex 'web of support' available to assist families with reintegration, including U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) programs, state and local government agencies, private nonprofit and for-profit resource providers, faith-based organizations, and informal resources (such as family, friends, and social networks). Opportunities for collaboration among providers abound. DoD does not have to 'do it all, ' but the report suggests steps it can take to ensure that reintegration proceeds as smoothly as possible
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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    First steps toward improving DoD STEM workforce diversity : response to the 2012 Department of Defense STEM Diversity Summit (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833081018 , 0833084763 , 0833081012 , 9780833084767
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxvi, 110 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation research report series RR-329-OSD
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Lim, Nelson First steps toward improving DoD STEM workforce diversity
    Keywords: United States Personnel management ; United States ; Diversity in the workplace ; Diversity in the workplace ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military Administration ; United States ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Technical & Manufacturing Industries & Trades ; United States ; Diversity in the workplace ; Personnel management ; Electronic books
    Abstract: In FY 2011-2012, leaders from the Executive Branch and the Department of Defense (DoD) offered directives and guidance intended to increase diversity across all federal agencies. In response, the DoD Research and Engineering Enterprise and DoD's Office of Diversity Management and Equal Opportunity held a two-day summit in November 2012 on improving diversity within the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce. This report supports the efforts of the DoD STEM Diversity Summit by providing suggestions for future research, analysis, and action. The authors describe policies that discuss the federal government's values and priorities regarding diversity in the federal workforce; offer a closer look at current STEM demographics, including those of the DoD's STEM workforce; discuss current STEM-diversity outreach programs, highlighting the types of data that should be collected in the future; and offer recommendations for DoD leaders to consider as they move forward with their efforts to diversify the STEM workforce
    Abstract: In FY 2011-2012, leaders from the Executive Branch and the Department of Defense (DoD) offered directives and guidance intended to increase diversity across all federal agencies. In response, the DoD Research and Engineering Enterprise and DoD's Office of Diversity Management and Equal Opportunity held a two-day summit in November 2012 on improving diversity within the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce. This report supports the efforts of the DoD STEM Diversity Summit by providing suggestions for future research, analysis, and action. The authors describe policies that discuss the federal government's values and priorities regarding diversity in the federal workforce; offer a closer look at current STEM demographics, including those of the DoD's STEM workforce; discuss current STEM-diversity outreach programs, highlighting the types of data that should be collected in the future; and offer recommendations for DoD leaders to consider as they move forward with their efforts to diversify the STEM workforce
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references (pages 107-110)
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    Counterinsurgency scorecard : Afghanistan in early 2013 relative to insurgencies since World War II (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833081766 , 0833083643 , 0833081764 , 9780833083647
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 25 pages)
    Keywords: Counterinsurgency ; Counterinsurgency Case studies ; Counterinsurgency ; Counterinsurgency ; Afghanistan ; Military Science - General ; Case studies ; Military & Naval Science ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Counterinsurgency ; Law, Politics & Government ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The RAND report Paths to Victory: Lessons from Modern Insurgencies added 41 new cases to a previously studied set of 30 insurgencies, examining the 71 insurgencies begun and completed worldwide between World War II and 2008 to analyze correlates of success in counterinsurgency (COIN). A key finding of this research was that a case's score on a scorecard of 15 equally weighted good and 11 equally weighted bad COIN factors and practices perfectly discriminated the outcomes of the cases analyzed. That is, the balance of good and bad factors and practices correlated with either a COIN win (insurgency loss) or a COIN loss (insurgency win) in the overall case. Using the scorecard approach as its foundation, a RAND study sought to apply the findings to the case of Afghanistan in early 2013. The effort involved an expert elicitation, or Delphi exercise, in which experts were asked to make "worst-case" assessments of the factors to complete the scorecard for ongoing operations in Afghanistan. The consensus results revealed that early 2013 Afghanistan ranks among the historical COIN winners, but its score is equal to those of the lowest-scoring historical wins. This tenuous position points to several areas in need of improvement, but particularly the need to disrupt the flow of insurgent support and the need for the Afghan government and Afghan security forces to better demonstrate their commitment and motivation. Afghanistan in early 2011 scored in the middle of the historical record in terms of COIN wins and losses, suggesting an overall improvement in COIN progress in that conflict by early 2013. However, conditions may change as coalition forces prepare to hand over responsibility for the country's security to the Afghan government and Afghan security forces in 2014
    Abstract: The RAND report Paths to Victory: Lessons from Modern Insurgencies added 41 new cases to a previously studied set of 30 insurgencies, examining the 71 insurgencies begun and completed worldwide between World War II and 2008 to analyze correlates of success in counterinsurgency (COIN). A key finding of this research was that a case's score on a scorecard of 15 equally weighted good and 11 equally weighted bad COIN factors and practices perfectly discriminated the outcomes of the cases analyzed. That is, the balance of good and bad factors and practices correlated with either a COIN win (insurgency loss) or a COIN loss (insurgency win) in the overall case. Using the scorecard approach as its foundation, a RAND study sought to apply the findings to the case of Afghanistan in early 2013. The effort involved an expert elicitation, or Delphi exercise, in which experts were asked to make "worst-case" assessments of the factors to complete the scorecard for ongoing operations in Afghanistan. The consensus results revealed that early 2013 Afghanistan ranks among the historical COIN winners, but its score is equal to those of the lowest-scoring historical wins. This tenuous position points to several areas in need of improvement, but particularly the need to disrupt the flow of insurgent support and the need for the Afghan government and Afghan security forces to better demonstrate their commitment and motivation. Afghanistan in early 2011 scored in the middle of the historical record in terms of COIN wins and losses, suggesting an overall improvement in COIN progress in that conflict by early 2013. However, conditions may change as coalition forces prepare to hand over responsibility for the country's security to the Afghan government and Afghan security forces in 2014
    Note: "RAND National Defense Research Institute , "This research was ... conducted within the International Security and Defense Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute"--Preface , Includes bibliographical references (page 25)
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    Critical materials : present danger to U.S. manufacturing (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833079251 , 0833079271 , 0833078836 , 0833079263 , 0833079255 , 9780833079268 , 9780833078834 , 9780833079275
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 46 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Silberglitt, R.S. (Richard S.) Critical materials
    Keywords: Manufacturing industries ; Raw materials ; Strategic materials ; Manufacturing industries ; Raw materials ; Strategic materials ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; Trade & Tariffs ; Manufacturing industries ; Raw materials ; Strategic materials ; Business & Economics ; Economic History ; United States ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Real Estate ; General ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "The United States economy, and especially its manufacturing sector, is dependent on the supply of raw and semi-finished materials used to make products. While the United States has extensive mineral resources and is a leading global materials producer, a high percentage of many materials critical to U.S. manufacturing are imported, sometimes from a country that has the dominant share of a material's global production and export. This report specifically identifies 14 critical materials for which production is concentrated in countries with weak governance, as indicated by the World Governance Indicators published by the World Bank. China is the controlling producer of 11 of these critical raw materials, nine of which have been identified as having high economic importance and high supply risk. As its market share and domestic consumption of critical materials has grown, China has instituted production controls, export restrictions, mine closings, and company consolidations that have led to two-tier pricing, which creates pressure to move manufacturing to China and contributes to strong price increases for these materials on the world market. To mitigate the impact of these market distortions on the global manufacturing sector, this report suggests the need for actions that (1) increase resiliency to supply disruptions or market distortions and (2) provide early warning of developing problems concerning the concentration of production."--Page 4 of cover
    Abstract: "The United States economy, and especially its manufacturing sector, is dependent on the supply of raw and semi-finished materials used to make products. While the United States has extensive mineral resources and is a leading global materials producer, a high percentage of many materials critical to U.S. manufacturing are imported, sometimes from a country that has the dominant share of a material's global production and export. This report specifically identifies 14 critical materials for which production is concentrated in countries with weak governance, as indicated by the World Governance Indicators published by the World Bank. China is the controlling producer of 11 of these critical raw materials, nine of which have been identified as having high economic importance and high supply risk. As its market share and domestic consumption of critical materials has grown, China has instituted production controls, export restrictions, mine closings, and company consolidations that have led to two-tier pricing, which creates pressure to move manufacturing to China and contributes to strong price increases for these materials on the world market. To mitigate the impact of these market distortions on the global manufacturing sector, this report suggests the need for actions that (1) increase resiliency to supply disruptions or market distortions and (2) provide early warning of developing problems concerning the concentration of production."--Page 4 of cover
    Note: "RAND National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 43-46)
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    Post-traumatic stress disorder and the earnings of military reservists (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833082725 , 0833082728
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 45 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation technical report series TR1006
    Keywords: Post-traumatic stress disorder Economic aspects ; People with disabilities Employment ; Veterans Employment ; Pay equity ; Post-traumatic stress disorder ; People with disabilities ; Veterans ; Pay equity ; HEALTH & FITNESS ; Diseases ; General ; MEDICAL ; Clinical Medicine ; MEDICAL ; Diseases ; MEDICAL ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; MEDICAL ; Internal Medicine ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Labor ; Pay equity ; People with disabilities ; Employment ; Veterans ; Employment ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This report investigates the effects of having symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on the labor market earnings of reservists in the years following deployment. Data on more than 315,000 reservists returning from deployments between 2003 and 2006, combined with longitudinal labor market earnings data, indicate that reservists who have symptoms of PTSD do earn substantially less than those who do not experience PTSD, but much of that gap in earnings was apparent prior to deployment. This suggests that characteristics of individuals reporting symptoms of PTSD that typically are not controlled for in empirical studies are responsible for much of the observed difference in earnings. Controlling for such characteristics, the study finds that reservists reporting symptoms of PTSD on average earn up to 6 percent less than they would have earned if they had not had such symptoms in the first four years following deployment. These lower earnings are attributable to higher military separation rates, a concomitant decline in military earnings, and no compensating increase in civilian labor market earnings
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 43-45)
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    Surprise! : from CEOs to Navy SEALs : how a select group of professionals prepare for and respond to the unexpected (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833081032 , 0833081063 , 0833081055 , 0833081047 , 0833081039 , 9780833081049 , 9780833081056 , 9780833081063
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 82 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Baiocchi, Dave Surprise!
    Keywords: Surprise ; Emergency management ; Surprise ; Emergency management ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Industrial Management ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Management ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Management Science ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Organizational Behavior ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Disasters & Disaster Relief ; Emergency management ; Surprise ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This report relates what professionals believe creates surprise, how they respond to it, and how the effects of surprise can be mitigated. To understand how different professions respond to surprise, RAND researchers developed a framework that categorizes professionals' responses to surprise in terms of the time available to respond and the level of chaos in the environment, then conducted discussions with representatives from 13 different professions, including former ambassadors, chief executive officers, military personnel, and physicians. RAND observed that the interviewees all used common coping strategies, such as relying on past experience and trying to reduce the level of chaos in the environment. However, there were also important differences in the responses taken by different types of professionals: "strategists" (e.g., CEOs and foreign service officers) focused more on controlling anger and ego, and communicating and coordinating with others, while "tacticians" (e.g., medical practitioners and SWAT team members) -- who typically have a shorter response time -- focused more on controlling panic and buying time. The report concludes with recommendations on how practitioners can better prepare for and respond to surprise
    Abstract: This report relates what professionals believe creates surprise, how they respond to it, and how the effects of surprise can be mitigated. To understand how different professions respond to surprise, RAND researchers developed a framework that categorizes professionals' responses to surprise in terms of the time available to respond and the level of chaos in the environment, then conducted discussions with representatives from 13 different professions, including former ambassadors, chief executive officers, military personnel, and physicians. RAND observed that the interviewees all used common coping strategies, such as relying on past experience and trying to reduce the level of chaos in the environment. However, there were also important differences in the responses taken by different types of professionals: "strategists" (e.g., CEOs and foreign service officers) focused more on controlling anger and ego, and communicating and coordinating with others, while "tacticians" (e.g., medical practitioners and SWAT team members) -- who typically have a shorter response time -- focused more on controlling panic and buying time. The report concludes with recommendations on how practitioners can better prepare for and respond to surprise
    Note: "Prepared for the National Reconnaissance Office , "RAND National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 81-82)
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  • 40
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    Turkish-Iranian relations in a changing Middle East (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833080332 , 0833080334 , 9780833080349 , 0833080350 , 9780833080110 , 0833080342 , 9780833080356
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 46 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation research report series
    Parallel Title: Print version Larrabee, F. Stephen Turkish-Iranian relations in a changing Middle East
    Keywords: POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; Trade & Tariffs ; Diplomatic relations ; Iran ; Middle East ; Turkey ; Strategic aspects of individual places ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Government ; International ; Turkey Foreign relations ; Iran Foreign relations ; Middle East Strategic aspects ; Turkey ; Iran ; Middle East ; Electronic books ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Turkish-Iranian cooperation has visibly intensified in recent years, thanks in part to Turkish energy needs and Iran's vast oil and natural gas resources. However, Turkey and Iran tend to be rivals rather than close partners. While they may share certain economic and security interests, especially regarding the Kurdish issue, their interests are at odds in many areas across the Middle East. Turkey's support for the opposition in Syria, Iran's only true state ally in the Middle East, is one example. Iraq has also become a field of growing competition between Turkey and Iran. Iran's nuclear program has been a source of strain and divergence in U.S.-Turkish relations. However, the differences between the United States and Turkey regarding Iran's nuclear program are largely over tactics, not strategic goals. Turkey's main fear is that Iran's acquisition of nuclear arms could lead to a nuclear arms race in the Middle East. This, in turn, could increase pressure on the Turkish government to consider developing its own nuclear weapon capability. U.S. and Turkish interests have become more convergent since the onset of the Syrian crisis. However, while U.S. and Turkish interests in the Middle East closely overlap, they are not identical. Thus, the United States should not expect Turkey to follow its policy toward Iran unconditionally. Turkey has enforced United Nations sanctions against Iran but, given Ankara's close energy ties to Tehran, may be reluctant to undertake the harshest measures against Iran
    Abstract: Turkish-Iranian cooperation has visibly intensified in recent years, thanks in part to Turkish energy needs and Iran's vast oil and natural gas resources. However, Turkey and Iran tend to be rivals rather than close partners. While they may share certain economic and security interests, especially regarding the Kurdish issue, their interests are at odds in many areas across the Middle East. Turkey's support for the opposition in Syria, Iran's only true state ally in the Middle East, is one example. Iraq has also become a field of growing competition between Turkey and Iran. Iran's nuclear program has been a source of strain and divergence in U.S.-Turkish relations. However, the differences between the United States and Turkey regarding Iran's nuclear program are largely over tactics, not strategic goals. Turkey's main fear is that Iran's acquisition of nuclear arms could lead to a nuclear arms race in the Middle East. This, in turn, could increase pressure on the Turkish government to consider developing its own nuclear weapon capability. U.S. and Turkish interests have become more convergent since the onset of the Syrian crisis. However, while U.S. and Turkish interests in the Middle East closely overlap, they are not identical. Thus, the United States should not expect Turkey to follow its policy toward Iran unconditionally. Turkey has enforced United Nations sanctions against Iran but, given Ankara's close energy ties to Tehran, may be reluctant to undertake the harshest measures against Iran
    Note: "Prepared for the National Intelligence Council , At head of title: Rand National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 39-46)
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  • 41
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    New approaches to defense inflation and discounting (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833081339 , 0833083392 , 0833081330 , 9780833083395
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 42 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation research report series RR237
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Connor, Kathryn New approaches to defense inflation and discounting
    Keywords: United States Appropriations and expenditures ; Effect of inflation on ; United States ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military Administration ; United States ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Armed Forces ; Weapons systems ; Costs ; Expenditures, Public ; United States ; United States Armed Forces ; Weapons systems ; Costs ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Inflation indices and discount rates are necessary tools in the Department of Defense's acquisition process, as the final selection of a system is partially based on potential increases in sustainment costs (inflation) and the present value of future costs (discounting). Inflation indices built for DoD use very broad categories that include operations and maintenance (O & M) as well as manpower, procurement, and research and development. This study addresses the question of how well current inflation indices and discount rates are serving DoD weaponsystem program management. It investigates inflation rates for parts for the Abrams tank and the Bradley armored personnel carrier and shows that the two weapon systems, while both ground systems, experience inflation differently. Although government decisionmaking can benefit from discounting (taking into account the time value of money), choices made using discounted cash flows are not always the least expensive for DoD. Its O & M estimating strategies should be reviewed to reflect changing repair and other costs, since a range of reasonable courses of action exists for many DoD investment decisions. Recommendations for the Office of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation to consider when evaluating the inflation and discounting policies that impact the long-term affordability of DoD programs include (1) revisiting O & M costs annually with a 5-year moving-average inflation, to reflect changing repair and other costs; (2) highlighting the role of supply chain surcharges in parts costs in cost estimates used to inform program financial analysis; (3) expanding analysis of investments to ensure consideration of least-cost outcomes
    Abstract: Inflation indices and discount rates are necessary tools in the Department of Defense's acquisition process, as the final selection of a system is partially based on potential increases in sustainment costs (inflation) and the present value of future costs (discounting). Inflation indices built for DoD use very broad categories that include operations and maintenance (O & M) as well as manpower, procurement, and research and development. This study addresses the question of how well current inflation indices and discount rates are serving DoD weaponsystem program management. It investigates inflation rates for parts for the Abrams tank and the Bradley armored personnel carrier and shows that the two weapon systems, while both ground systems, experience inflation differently. Although government decisionmaking can benefit from discounting (taking into account the time value of money), choices made using discounted cash flows are not always the least expensive for DoD. Its O & M estimating strategies should be reviewed to reflect changing repair and other costs, since a range of reasonable courses of action exists for many DoD investment decisions. Recommendations for the Office of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation to consider when evaluating the inflation and discounting policies that impact the long-term affordability of DoD programs include (1) revisiting O & M costs annually with a 5-year moving-average inflation, to reflect changing repair and other costs; (2) highlighting the role of supply chain surcharges in parts costs in cost estimates used to inform program financial analysis; (3) expanding analysis of investments to ensure consideration of least-cost outcomes
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 41-42)
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  • 42
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    Brandishing cyberattack capabilities (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833080059 , 0833080059 , 9780833080042 , 0833080040
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation research report series RR175
    Parallel Title: Print version Libicki, Martin C Brandishing Cyberattack Capabilities
    Keywords: Deterrence (Strategy) ; Information warfare ; Cyberterrorism ; Deterrence (Strategy) ; Information warfare ; Cyberterrorism ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; Arms Control ; Cyberterrorism ; Deterrence (Strategy) ; Information warfare ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Deterrence is possible only when others have at least a good idea of possible U.S. military reprisals, but cyberattack capabilities resist such demonstration. This report explores ways they can be and under what circumstances, then goes on to examine the difficulties and the drawbacks. Such "brandishing" is no panacea and could even backfire if misinterpreted. Its success also relies on the strength of other elements of the deterrence posture
    Abstract: Deterrence is possible only when others have at least a good idea of possible U.S. military reprisals, but cyberattack capabilities resist such demonstration. This report explores ways they can be and under what circumstances, then goes on to examine the difficulties and the drawbacks. Such "brandishing" is no panacea and could even backfire if misinterpreted. Its success also relies on the strength of other elements of the deterrence posture
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references
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  • 43
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    Fixing leaks : assessing the Department of Defense's approach to preventing and deterring unauthorized disclosures (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833081803 , 0833083457 , 0833081802 , 9780833083456
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 53 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation research report series
    Keywords: United States Information resources management ; United States ; Leaks (Disclosure of information) Prevention ; Security classification (Government documents) Management ; Leaks (Disclosure of information) ; Security classification (Government documents) ; Information resources management ; United States ; United States ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Electronic books
    Abstract: In 2012, the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence established the Unauthorized Disclosures Program Implementation Team to prevent and deter the unauthorized disclosures of classified information by all Department of Defense personnel through the implementation of the UD Strategic Plan. RAND was asked to help monitor and assess the potential for effectiveness of this new initiative. Researchers determined that the UD PIT's implementation of the UD Strategic Plan has made important and discernible progress toward its main objectives, but the advances are partial, fragile, and may be impermanent, facing strategic and tactical obstacles. RAND offered 22 recommendations, including ways to sustain and expand the effort, a continued emphasis on top-down support, establishing metrics, improving accountability, and prioritizing responses
    Abstract: In 2012, the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence established the Unauthorized Disclosures Program Implementation Team to prevent and deter the unauthorized disclosures of classified information by all Department of Defense personnel through the implementation of the UD Strategic Plan. RAND was asked to help monitor and assess the potential for effectiveness of this new initiative. Researchers determined that the UD PIT's implementation of the UD Strategic Plan has made important and discernible progress toward its main objectives, but the advances are partial, fragile, and may be impermanent, facing strategic and tactical obstacles. RAND offered 22 recommendations, including ways to sustain and expand the effort, a continued emphasis on top-down support, establishing metrics, improving accountability, and prioritizing responses
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references (pages 49-53)
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  • 44
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    Paths to victory : lessons from modern insurgencies (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833080547 , 0833083414 , 0833080547 , 9780833083418
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xlii, 286 pages)
    Additional Information: Paths to victory: detailed insurgency case studies
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation research report series RR-291/1-OSD
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Paul, Christopher, 1971- Paths to victory
    Keywords: Counterinsurgency Research ; Counterinsurgency Case studies ; Counterinsurgency ; Counterinsurgency ; Military & Naval Science ; Case studies ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military Science - General ; Counterinsurgency ; Counterinsurgency ; Research ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Electronic books
    Abstract: When a country is threatened by an insurgency, what efforts give its government the best chance of prevailing? Contemporary discourse on this subject is voluminous and often contentious. Advice for the counterinsurgent is often based on little more than common sense, a general understanding of history, or a handful of detailed examples, instead of a solid, systematically collected body of historical evidence. A 2010 RAND study challenged this trend with rigorous analyses of all 30 insurgencies that started and ended between 1978 and 2008. This update to that original study expanded the data set, adding 41 new cases and comparing all 71 insurgencies begun and completed worldwide since World War II. With many more cases to compare, the study was able to more rigorously test the previous findings and address critical questions that the earlier study could not. For example, it could examine the approaches that led counterinsurgency forces to prevail when an external actor was involved in the conflict. It was also able to address questions about timing and duration, such as which factors affect the duration of insurgencies and the durability of the resulting peace, as well as how long historical counterinsurgency forces had to engage in effective practices before they won
    Abstract: When a country is threatened by an insurgency, what efforts give its government the best chance of prevailing? Contemporary discourse on this subject is voluminous and often contentious. Advice for the counterinsurgent is often based on little more than common sense, a general understanding of history, or a handful of detailed examples, instead of a solid, systematically collected body of historical evidence. A 2010 RAND study challenged this trend with rigorous analyses of all 30 insurgencies that started and ended between 1978 and 2008. This update to that original study expanded the data set, adding 41 new cases and comparing all 71 insurgencies begun and completed worldwide since World War II. With many more cases to compare, the study was able to more rigorously test the previous findings and address critical questions that the earlier study could not. For example, it could examine the approaches that led counterinsurgency forces to prevail when an external actor was involved in the conflict. It was also able to address questions about timing and duration, such as which factors affect the duration of insurgencies and the durability of the resulting peace, as well as how long historical counterinsurgency forces had to engage in effective practices before they won
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Companion publication to: Paths to victory: detailed insurgency case studies , Includes bibliographical references (pages 277-286)
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  • 45
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    Paths to victory : detailed insurgency case studies (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833081094 , 0833083422 , 0833081098 , 9780833083425
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxvii, 468 pages)
    Additional Information: Paths to victory: lessons from modern insurgencies
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation research report series RR-291/2-OSD
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Paul, Christopher, 1971- Paths to victory
    Keywords: Insurgency Case studies ; Insurgency ; Case studies ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Military Science - General ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Insurgency ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Detailed overviews of 41 insurgency cases. UK in Palestine, 1944-1947 -- Greece, 1945-1949 -- Indochina, 1946-1954 -- Philippines (Huk Rebellion), 1946-1956 -- Colombia ("La Violencia"), 1948-1958 -- Malaya, 1948-1955 -- Kenya, 1952-1956 -- Algerian Independence, 1954-1962 -- Cyprus, 1955-1959 -- Cuba, 1956-1959 -- Oman (Imamate Uprising), 1957-1959 -- Indonesia (Darul Islam), 1958-1962 -- Tibet, 1956-1974 -- Guatemala, 1960-1996 -- Laos, 1959-1975 -- Namibia, 1960-1989 -- South Africa, 1960-1990 -- South Vietnam, 1960-1975 -- Eritrea, 1961-1991 -- Iraqi Kurdistan, 1961-1975 -- Angolan Independence, 1961-1974 -- Guinea-Bissau, 1962-1974 -- Mozambican Independence, 1962-1974 -- Yemen, 1962-1970 -- Uruguay, 1963-1972 -- Oman (Dhofar Rebellion), 1965-1975 -- Zimbabwe/Rhodesia, 1965-1980 -- Argentina, 1969-1979 -- Cambodia, 1967-1975 -- Northern Ireland, 1969-1999 -- Jordan, 1970-1971 -- Bangladesh, 1971 -- Philippines (MNLF), 1971-1996 -- Baluchistan, 1973-1978 -- Angola (UNITA), 1975-2002 -- Indonesia (East Timor), 1975-2000 -- Lebanese Civil War, 1975-1990 -- Western Sahara, 1975-1991 -- Indonesia (Aceh), 1976-2005 -- Mozambique (RENAMO), 1976-1995 -- Sri Lanka, 1976-2009
    Abstract: Detailed overviews of 41 insurgency cases. UK in Palestine, 1944-1947 -- Greece, 1945-1949 -- Indochina, 1946-1954 -- Philippines (Huk Rebellion), 1946-1956 -- Colombia ("La Violencia"), 1948-1958 -- Malaya, 1948-1955 -- Kenya, 1952-1956 -- Algerian Independence, 1954-1962 -- Cyprus, 1955-1959 -- Cuba, 1956-1959 -- Oman (Imamate Uprising), 1957-1959 -- Indonesia (Darul Islam), 1958-1962 -- Tibet, 1956-1974 -- Guatemala, 1960-1996 -- Laos, 1959-1975 -- Namibia, 1960-1989 -- South Africa, 1960-1990 -- South Vietnam, 1960-1975 -- Eritrea, 1961-1991 -- Iraqi Kurdistan, 1961-1975 -- Angolan Independence, 1961-1974 -- Guinea-Bissau, 1962-1974 -- Mozambican Independence, 1962-1974 -- Yemen, 1962-1970 -- Uruguay, 1963-1972 -- Oman (Dhofar Rebellion), 1965-1975 -- Zimbabwe/Rhodesia, 1965-1980 -- Argentina, 1969-1979 -- Cambodia, 1967-1975 -- Northern Ireland, 1969-1999 -- Jordan, 1970-1971 -- Bangladesh, 1971 -- Philippines (MNLF), 1971-1996 -- Baluchistan, 1973-1978 -- Angola (UNITA), 1975-2002 -- Indonesia (East Timor), 1975-2000 -- Lebanese Civil War, 1975-1990 -- Western Sahara, 1975-1991 -- Indonesia (Aceh), 1976-2005 -- Mozambique (RENAMO), 1976-1995 -- Sri Lanka, 1976-2009
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Companion publication to: Paths to victory: lessons from modern insurgencies , Includes bibliographical references (pages 441-468)
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  • 46
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    The RAND security cooperation prioritization and propensity matching tool (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833080981 , 0833084607 , 0833080989 , 9780833084606
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (57 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Paul, Christopher, 1971- RAND security cooperation prioritization and propensity matching tool
    Keywords: Security, International ; Decision making Data processing ; Military assistance, American Planning ; National security International cooperation ; Security, International ; Decision making ; Military assistance, American ; National security ; Security, International ; United States ; Law, Politics & Government ; International Relations ; Military policy ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Decision making ; Data processing ; Diplomatic relations ; National security ; International cooperation ; United States Foreign relations 1989- ; United States Military policy ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Security cooperation is the umbrella term used to describe a wide range of programs and activities with such goals as building relationships between the United States and partner countries, developing these countries' security capabilities, and facilitating contingency and peacetime access by U.S. forces. With increased pressure on defense spending, the scope and budget for these activities are likely to decrease. Therefore, it will be important for the U.S. Department of Defense to scrutinize and, perhaps, reevaluate current and proposed security cooperation efforts, ensuring that expected benefits align with costs and corresponding policy priorities. Recent RAND research identified practices and contextual factors associated with greater or lesser degrees of success in security cooperation, using 29 historical case studies of U.S. efforts to build partner capacity since the end of the Cold War. The RAND Security Cooperation Prioritization and Propensity Matching Tool applies these findings and results from other existing research to all current and potential security cooperation partners. This customizable diagnostic tool, built in Microsoft Excel®, will help planners preliminarily identify mismatches between the importance of a country to U.S. interests, funding for initiatives, and the propensity for successful U.S. security cooperation with a given country. For each of the world's 195 countries, the tool produces an overall security cooperation propensity score. Planners can then compare these scores with available funding and security cooperation priorities. The tool has the virtues of being systematic, being based on global data, and not relying on subjective assessments. Strategic thinking and nuanced understanding of individual countries remain important, but the tool is useful in helping to identify which countries to scrutinize
    Abstract: Security cooperation is the umbrella term used to describe a wide range of programs and activities with such goals as building relationships between the United States and partner countries, developing these countries' security capabilities, and facilitating contingency and peacetime access by U.S. forces. With increased pressure on defense spending, the scope and budget for these activities are likely to decrease. Therefore, it will be important for the U.S. Department of Defense to scrutinize and, perhaps, reevaluate current and proposed security cooperation efforts, ensuring that expected benefits align with costs and corresponding policy priorities. Recent RAND research identified practices and contextual factors associated with greater or lesser degrees of success in security cooperation, using 29 historical case studies of U.S. efforts to build partner capacity since the end of the Cold War. The RAND Security Cooperation Prioritization and Propensity Matching Tool applies these findings and results from other existing research to all current and potential security cooperation partners. This customizable diagnostic tool, built in Microsoft Excel®, will help planners preliminarily identify mismatches between the importance of a country to U.S. interests, funding for initiatives, and the propensity for successful U.S. security cooperation with a given country. For each of the world's 195 countries, the tool produces an overall security cooperation propensity score. Planners can then compare these scores with available funding and security cooperation priorities. The tool has the virtues of being systematic, being based on global data, and not relying on subjective assessments. Strategic thinking and nuanced understanding of individual countries remain important, but the tool is useful in helping to identify which countries to scrutinize
    Note: "RAND National Defense Research Institute , "This research was ... conducted within the International Security and Defense Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute"--Preface , Includes bibliographical references (pages 51-57)
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  • 47
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    Authority to issue interoperability policy (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833081773 , 0833084720 , 0833081772 , 9780833084729
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xx, 69 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation research report series RR357-NAVY
    Parallel Title: Print version Wong, Carolyn, 1952- Authority to issue interoperability policy
    Keywords: United States Personnel management ; United States Management ; United States ; United States ; Sea-power Management ; Organizational effectiveness ; Sea-power ; Organizational effectiveness ; Armed Forces ; Personnel management ; Organizational effectiveness ; United States ; United States ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom ; Armed Forces ; Management ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Achieving interoperability among systems is instrumental to enabling critical functions, such as timely information exchange during operations and efficiencies in acquisition, so it is important to understand what parties have authority to issue policy that governs the facets of interoperability. This report presents an approach and framework for determining what parties have authority to issue interoperability policy, the legal and policy origins and implementation paths of the authority, and the extent of the authority. The approach includes rigorous analysis by researchers to identify pertinent authorities in federal law supplemented by a means to facilitate discovery of roles and responsibilities in Department of Defense and Service-level policies. The approach results in a roles and responsibilities network that traces the paths of authority available to issue interoperability policy. The authors use as a case study the authority of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy, Research, Development, and Acquisition, Chief Systems Engineer to issue Navy interoperability policy related to mission area systems engineering (MASE) to demonstrate the use of the framework and methodology. They find that there are 13 different paths of authority that could be cited by four different parties to claim authority to influence interoperability policy related to MASE. The approach used in this report might be developed, along with complementary analytic techniques, to provide the government with the ability to create and maintain consistent and comprehensive bodies of policy that will ensure the effective and efficient operation of defense agencies
    Abstract: Achieving interoperability among systems is instrumental to enabling critical functions, such as timely information exchange during operations and efficiencies in acquisition, so it is important to understand what parties have authority to issue policy that governs the facets of interoperability. This report presents an approach and framework for determining what parties have authority to issue interoperability policy, the legal and policy origins and implementation paths of the authority, and the extent of the authority. The approach includes rigorous analysis by researchers to identify pertinent authorities in federal law supplemented by a means to facilitate discovery of roles and responsibilities in Department of Defense and Service-level policies. The approach results in a roles and responsibilities network that traces the paths of authority available to issue interoperability policy. The authors use as a case study the authority of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy, Research, Development, and Acquisition, Chief Systems Engineer to issue Navy interoperability policy related to mission area systems engineering (MASE) to demonstrate the use of the framework and methodology. They find that there are 13 different paths of authority that could be cited by four different parties to claim authority to influence interoperability policy related to MASE. The approach used in this report might be developed, along with complementary analytic techniques, to provide the government with the ability to create and maintain consistent and comprehensive bodies of policy that will ensure the effective and efficient operation of defense agencies
    Note: "Prepared for the United States Navy. Approved for public release; distribution unlimited , Includes bibliographical references (page 69)
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  • 48
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    Developing Navy capability to recover forces in chemical, biological, and radiological hazard environments (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833081476 , 0833085506 , 0833081470 , 9780833085504
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 55 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation research report series RR-155-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Resnick, Adam C Developing Navy capability to recover forces in chemical, biological, and radiological hazard environments
    Keywords: United States ; United States Planning ; United States Operational readiness ; United States ; United States ; United States ; Amphibious warfare Planning ; Decontamination (from gases, chemicals, etc.) ; Biological decontamination ; Radioactive decontamination ; Amphibious warfare ; Decontamination (from gases, chemicals, etc.) ; Biological decontamination ; Radioactive decontamination ; Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena ; Armed Conflicts ; Biological Warfare ; Chemical Warfare ; Decontamination ; Delivery of Health Care ; Environment and Public Health ; Military Science ; Nuclear Warfare ; Public Health Practice ; Public Health ; Social Problems ; Social Sciences ; Sociology ; Technology, Industry, Agriculture ; Technology, Industry, and Agriculture ; United States ; Amphibious warfare ; Planning ; Armed Forces ; Operational readiness ; Armed Forces ; Planning ; Biological decontamination ; Decontamination (from gases, chemicals, etc.) ; Radioactive decontamination ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military Science - General ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Recovering amphibious forces can be complicated if ashore forces are attacked with chemical, biological, or radiological weapons. These forces may cross-contaminate others with whom they come in contact. And if contaminants spread to equipment and vehicles, creating persistent hazards, those items may pose an additional cross-contamination risk. Although the preference is to decontaminate ashore forces in the operating environment or in a clean area elsewhere on land, this is not always feasible. Using a scenario involving a Marine Expeditionary Unit of 3,000 Marines, 300 total contaminated service members, including 24 contaminated litter casualties and 75 contaminated ambulatory casualties, the researchers assess current policies and capabilities pertaining to the recovery and decontamination of ashore forces aboard ships and identify policy options the Navy could pursue to better perform this mission. They develop a set of policies to increase the Navy's capability to recover and transport contaminated land forces to amphibious assault groups and propose doctrine to support operational decisions
    Abstract: Recovering amphibious forces can be complicated if ashore forces are attacked with chemical, biological, or radiological weapons. These forces may cross-contaminate others with whom they come in contact. And if contaminants spread to equipment and vehicles, creating persistent hazards, those items may pose an additional cross-contamination risk. Although the preference is to decontaminate ashore forces in the operating environment or in a clean area elsewhere on land, this is not always feasible. Using a scenario involving a Marine Expeditionary Unit of 3,000 Marines, 300 total contaminated service members, including 24 contaminated litter casualties and 75 contaminated ambulatory casualties, the researchers assess current policies and capabilities pertaining to the recovery and decontamination of ashore forces aboard ships and identify policy options the Navy could pursue to better perform this mission. They develop a set of policies to increase the Navy's capability to recover and transport contaminated land forces to amphibious assault groups and propose doctrine to support operational decisions
    Note: "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense. Approved for public release; distribution unlimited , Includes bibliographical references (pages 54-55)
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    Development and pilot test of the RAND Suicide Prevention Program evaluation toolkit (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833085207 , 0833085204
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 pages)
    Keywords: RAND Suicide Prevention Program ; RAND Suicide Prevention Program ; Suicidal behavior Treatment ; Suicide Prevention ; Evaluation ; Suicidal behavior ; Suicide ; United States ; Suicidal behavior ; Treatment ; PSYCHOLOGY ; Suicide ; Electronic books
    Note: "RAND National Defense Research Institute
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  • 50
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    Review of security cooperation mechanisms combatant commands utilize to build partner capacity (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833082107 , 0833084658 , 0833082108 , 9780833084651
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxix, 196 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation research report series RR-413-OSD
    Keywords: Nation-building Evaluation ; National security International cooperation ; Evaluation ; Nation-building ; National security ; Law, Politics & Government ; International Relations ; United States ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Security cooperation has long been an important instrument of the U.S. government and the Department of Defense for advancing national security objectives vis-à-vis allies and partner countries, including building critical relationships, securing peacetime and contingency access, and building partner capacity (BPC). One of the key challenges for policymakers and combatant commands is gaining a more complete understanding of the real value of BPC activities. Assessments of prior and ongoing BPC activities, in particular, have become increasingly important given the current fiscal climate and budgetary limitations. But it is no easy task to assess the value of what are essentially qualitative activities, and data limitations severely hinder assessments. The tools available -- such as resources, authorities, programs, processes, and organizational relationships -- may or may not be the optimal ones for the delivery of BPC activities to partner countries. This report characterizes security cooperation mechanisms used by combatant commands for BPC, produces a detailed database of the mechanism elements, develops and applies a preliminary means of evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of select mechanisms, and draws on the analysis from the case studies to recommend ways to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of those mechanisms in the future
    Abstract: Security cooperation has long been an important instrument of the U.S. government and the Department of Defense for advancing national security objectives vis-à-vis allies and partner countries, including building critical relationships, securing peacetime and contingency access, and building partner capacity (BPC). One of the key challenges for policymakers and combatant commands is gaining a more complete understanding of the real value of BPC activities. Assessments of prior and ongoing BPC activities, in particular, have become increasingly important given the current fiscal climate and budgetary limitations. But it is no easy task to assess the value of what are essentially qualitative activities, and data limitations severely hinder assessments. The tools available -- such as resources, authorities, programs, processes, and organizational relationships -- may or may not be the optimal ones for the delivery of BPC activities to partner countries. This report characterizes security cooperation mechanisms used by combatant commands for BPC, produces a detailed database of the mechanism elements, develops and applies a preliminary means of evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of select mechanisms, and draws on the analysis from the case studies to recommend ways to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of those mechanisms in the future
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the Joint Staff and OSD/CAPE , Includes bibliographical references (pages 193-196)
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    Assessment of Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (JIEDDO) training activity (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833084644 , 083308464X
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 54 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation research report series RR-421-OSD
    Keywords: Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (U.S.) Evaluation ; Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (U.S.) ; Improvised explosive devices Study and teaching ; Evaluation ; Improvised explosive devices ; HISTORY ; Military ; Weapons ; Evaluation ; Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (U.S.) ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (JIEDDO) carries out training activities both as part of its equipment and system development responsibilities and its more general responsibility to "train the force" in IED threats and countermeasures. It has unique authorities and capabilities intended to facilitate rapid fielding, but concern has developed that these programs and functions may be duplicative with the efforts of the military Services, U.S. Special Operations Command, and other agencies. The RAND team's assessment is that while some programs and functions are similar to other activities and initiatives, there is little evidence of duplication -- in fact, the programs and functions appear to add value. This finding reflects a conscious effort by JIEDDO to develop processes that ensure review and oversight of capability development. This may be an important lesson learned if the Department of Defense again confronts an asymmetric challenge and requires an organizational structure to meet it
    Abstract: The Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (JIEDDO) carries out training activities both as part of its equipment and system development responsibilities and its more general responsibility to "train the force" in IED threats and countermeasures. It has unique authorities and capabilities intended to facilitate rapid fielding, but concern has developed that these programs and functions may be duplicative with the efforts of the military Services, U.S. Special Operations Command, and other agencies. The RAND team's assessment is that while some programs and functions are similar to other activities and initiatives, there is little evidence of duplication -- in fact, the programs and functions appear to add value. This finding reflects a conscious effort by JIEDDO to develop processes that ensure review and oversight of capability development. This may be an important lesson learned if the Department of Defense again confronts an asymmetric challenge and requires an organizational structure to meet it
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references (page 54) , Report number from resource home page
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    Penaid nonproliferation : hindering the spread of countermeasures against ballistic missile defenses (2013)
    Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833085405 , 0833085409 , 9780833081490 , 0833084712 , 0833081497 , 9780833084712
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 71 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation research report RR378
    Parallel Title: Print version Speier, Richard Penaid nonproliferation
    Keywords: Ballistic missile defenses ; Weapons of mass destruction ; National security ; Ballistic missile defenses ; Weapons of mass destruction ; National security ; National security ; Weapons of mass destruction ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; United States ; HISTORY ; Military ; Weapons ; Ballistic missile defenses ; Military readiness ; United States Defenses ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: An attacker's missile-borne countermeasures to ballistic missile defenses are known as penetration aids, or penaids. To support efforts to prevent the proliferation of penaid-related items, this research recommends controls on potential exports according to the structure of the international Missile Technology Control Regime
    Abstract: An attacker's missile-borne countermeasures to ballistic missile defenses are known as penetration aids, or penaids. To support efforts to prevent the proliferation of penaid-related items, this research recommends controls on potential exports according to the structure of the international Missile Technology Control Regime
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "RR-378-DTRA"--Page 4 of cover , "Prepared for the Naval Postgraduate School, Project on Advanced Systems and Concepts for Combating WMD , Includes bibliographical references (pages 69-71)
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    The extent of restrictions on the service of active-component military women (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833059697 , 0833079662 , 0833059696 , 9780833079664
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 126 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Extent of restrictions on the service of active-component military women
    DDC: 355.3082/0973
    Keywords: Military Administration ; United States ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Armed Forces ; Occupational specialties ; Armed Forces ; Personnel management ; Armed Forces ; Women ; United States Armed Forces ; Women ; United States Armed Forces ; Occupational specialties ; United States Armed Forces ; Personnel management ; United States ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Despite a historical increase in the role of women in the U.S. military, including in operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, gender-based policies continue to affect the positions they can fill. The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2011 mandated a review of laws, policies, and regulations that may restrict the service of military women to determine whether changes are needed to ensure equitable opportunity to compete and excel in the armed forces; in response, the U.S. Department of Defense established the Women in the Services Review. To support this effort, RAND researchers analyzed service data to describe and quantify the military occupations that are closed to women, as well as occupations that are open but have some positions that are closed to women. The study also examined a few of the open occupations in greater depth to further characterize the nature of the restrictions and to illuminate the potential career implications of assignment policies. Most positions that are closed to women are located in Army and Marine Corps units and occupations that have a primary mission of engaging in direct ground combat
    Abstract: Despite a historical increase in the role of women in the U.S. military, including in operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, gender-based policies continue to affect the positions they can fill. The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2011 mandated a review of laws, policies, and regulations that may restrict the service of military women to determine whether changes are needed to ensure equitable opportunity to compete and excel in the armed forces; in response, the U.S. Department of Defense established the Women in the Services Review. To support this effort, RAND researchers analyzed service data to describe and quantify the military occupations that are closed to women, as well as occupations that are open but have some positions that are closed to women. The study also examined a few of the open occupations in greater depth to further characterize the nature of the restrictions and to illuminate the potential career implications of assignment policies. Most positions that are closed to women are located in Army and Marine Corps units and occupations that have a primary mission of engaging in direct ground combat
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 121-126) , English
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    Analysis of financial support to the surviving spouses and children of casualties in the Iraq and Afghanistan wars (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833077943 , 0833077945 , 9780833077967 , 0833077961 , 9780833076687 , 083307668X
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 36 pages)
    Series Statement: Technical report TR-1281-OSD
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Miller, Amalia R. (Amalia Rebecca), 1976-; Analysis of financial support to the surviving spouses and children of casualties in the Iraq and Afghanistan Wars.
    Parallel Title: Print version Miller, Amalia R. (Amalia Rebecca), 1976- Analysis of financial support to the surviving spouses and children of casualties in the Iraq and Afghanistan Wars
    Keywords: Military spouses Salaries, etc. ; Research ; United States. ; Survivors' benefits Research ; United States. ; Iraq War, 2003-2011 Casualties ; Research ; United States. ; Afghan War, 2001- Casualties ; Research ; United States. ; Iraq War, 2003-2011 Casualties ; Research ; Afghan War, 2001- Casualties ; Research ; Military spouses Salaries, etc ; Research ; Survivors' benefits Research ; Iraq War, 2003-2011 ; Afghan War, 2001- ; Military spouses ; Survivors' benefits ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military Administration ; HISTORY ; Military ; General ; Iraq ; United States ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Human Resources & Personnel Management ; Afghan War (2001- ) ; HISTORY ; Middle East ; General ; Iraq War (2003-2011) ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This study examines how the deaths of service members during the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have affected the subsequent labor market earnings of their surviving spouses and the extent to which survivor benefits provided by the Department of Defense, the Department of Veterans Affairs, and the Social Security Administration compensate for lost household earnings. It also assesses the extent to which payments that surviving spouses and children receive compensate for earnings losses attributable to combat deaths. The labor market earnings of households experiencing a combat death in the years following deployment are compared with those of deployed but uninjured service-member households. Because the risk of combat death is likely to be correlated with characteristics of service members that could themselves affect household labor market outcomes (e.g., pay grade, military occupation, risk-taking behavior), the study controlled for a rich array of individual-level characteristics, including labor market outcomes for both service members and spouses prior to deployment. This approach includes potentially unobserved factors that are unique to specific households and fixed over time and increases the likelihood that the results capture the causal effect of combat death on household earnings.
    Abstract: Introduction -- Data used in the study -- Empirical model -- Results -- Discussion -- Conclusions
    Note: "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 35-36)
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  • 55
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    Healthcare coverage and disability evaluation for reserve component personnel : research for the 11th Quadrennial Review of Military Compensation (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833059369 , 0833079654 , 083305936X , 9780833079657
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 65 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series MG-1157-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Hosek, Susan D Healthcare coverage and disability evaluation for reserve component personnel
    Keywords: United States ; Health insurance Research ; Disability insurance Research ; Health insurance ; Disability insurance ; Insurance, Health ; Military Personnel ; Disability Evaluation ; Insurance, Disability ; Managed Care Programs ; Law, Politics & Government ; United States ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Health insurance ; Research ; Military Administration ; Military & Naval Science ; United States Armed Forces ; Reserves ; Medical care ; Research ; United States Armed Forces ; Reserves ; Pay, allowances, etc ; Research ; United States ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Because Reserve Component (RC) members have been increasingly used in an operational capacity, among the policy issues being addressed by the 11th Quadrennial Review of Military Compensation (QRMC) is compensation and benefits for the National Guard and Reserve. As part of the review, RAND was asked to analyze healthcare coverage and disability benefits for RC members, including participation in the TRICARE Reserve Select (TRS) program, the potential effects of national health reform on coverage rates, and disability evaluation outcomes for RC members. This report summarizes the results of RAND's analysis. The author finds that 30 percent of RC members lack health insurance to cover care for non-service-related conditions. The TRS program offers the option of purchasing health insurance through the military on terms that are superior to typical employer benefits. Although program participation has increased, it remains low and TRS does not appear to be effectively targeting those most likely to be uninsured. TRS premiums are also lower than the premiums for the new options that will be available under health reform and the same as the penalty for not being insured. So health reform is likely to increase TRS enrollment. Finally, previously deployed RC members are referred to the Disability Evaluation System at a much lower rate than Active Component (AC) members, even for deployment-related conditions, but those who are referred receive dispositions (and thus benefits) similar to those for AC members. These findings suggest that the Department of Defense may want to consider ways to better coordinate TRS with other insurance options that will be available to RC members and that the identification of RC members who experience health consequences from deployment leading to disability merits further investigation
    Abstract: Because Reserve Component (RC) members have been increasingly used in an operational capacity, among the policy issues being addressed by the 11th Quadrennial Review of Military Compensation (QRMC) is compensation and benefits for the National Guard and Reserve. As part of the review, RAND was asked to analyze healthcare coverage and disability benefits for RC members, including participation in the TRICARE Reserve Select (TRS) program, the potential effects of national health reform on coverage rates, and disability evaluation outcomes for RC members. This report summarizes the results of RAND's analysis. The author finds that 30 percent of RC members lack health insurance to cover care for non-service-related conditions. The TRS program offers the option of purchasing health insurance through the military on terms that are superior to typical employer benefits. Although program participation has increased, it remains low and TRS does not appear to be effectively targeting those most likely to be uninsured. TRS premiums are also lower than the premiums for the new options that will be available under health reform and the same as the penalty for not being insured. So health reform is likely to increase TRS enrollment. Finally, previously deployed RC members are referred to the Disability Evaluation System at a much lower rate than Active Component (AC) members, even for deployment-related conditions, but those who are referred receive dispositions (and thus benefits) similar to those for AC members. These findings suggest that the Department of Defense may want to consider ways to better coordinate TRS with other insurance options that will be available to RC members and that the identification of RC members who experience health consequences from deployment leading to disability merits further investigation
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references (pages 63-65) , Title from PDF title page (viewed on June 29, 2012)
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    General military training : standardization and reduction options (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833069122 , 083308321X , 0833069128 , 9780833083210
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiv, 100 pages)
    Series Statement: Technical report
    Keywords: United States Vocational guidance ; United States ; Armed Forces Training of ; Military readiness ; Military education ; Armed Forces ; Military readiness ; Military education ; Armed Forces ; Vocational guidance ; Military education ; Military readiness ; Vocational guidance ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military Science - General ; United States ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; United States ; Armed Forces ; Operational readiness ; United States Armed Forces ; Operational readiness ; United States Armed Forces ; Vocational guidance ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Every uniformed service member, whether Active Component (AC) or Reserve Component (RC), must complete ancillary or general military training (GMT) requirements prescribed by his or her service. Individual services direct some topics, and some are stipulated by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). DoD has identified a need to reduce cyclic mandatory training requirements (especially for the RCs), thus reducing the training burden on the services and making the most of available training time. The RAND National Defense Research Institute was asked to examine the services' mandatory military training requirements and examine options to standardize requirements and reduce the training burden. This report responds to that request by providing a common definition of GMT and examining both the guidance that directs GMT completion and the services' approaches to conducting GMT. The authors identified GMT requirements directed by law and policy and interviewed service AC and RC subject-matter experts
    Abstract: Every uniformed service member, whether Active Component (AC) or Reserve Component (RC), must complete ancillary or general military training (GMT) requirements prescribed by his or her service. Individual services direct some topics, and some are stipulated by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). DoD has identified a need to reduce cyclic mandatory training requirements (especially for the RCs), thus reducing the training burden on the services and making the most of available training time. The RAND National Defense Research Institute was asked to examine the services' mandatory military training requirements and examine options to standardize requirements and reduce the training burden. This report responds to that request by providing a common definition of GMT and examining both the guidance that directs GMT completion and the services' approaches to conducting GMT. The authors identified GMT requirements directed by law and policy and interviewed service AC and RC subject-matter experts
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references (pages 93-100)
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    Rapid acquisition and fielding for information assurance and cyber security in the Navy (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833078551 , 0833083481 , 0833078550 , 9780833083487
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 78 pages)
    Series Statement: Technical report TR-1294-NAVY
    Parallel Title: Print version Porche, Isaac, 1968- Rapid acquisition and fielding for information assurance and cyber security in the Navy
    Keywords: United States Planning ; United States Information technology ; United States Procurement ; United States ; United States ; United States ; Government purchasing Law and legislation ; Computer security ; Cyberterrorism Prevention ; Computer software Purchasing ; Computers Purchasing ; Defense contracts ; Government purchasing ; Computer security ; Cyberterrorism ; Computer software ; Computers ; Defense contracts ; Defense contracts ; Government purchasing ; Law and legislation ; Armed Forces ; Planning ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Naval Science - General ; United States ; COMPUTERS ; Internet ; Security ; Armed Forces ; Procurement ; Computer security ; Computer software ; Purchasing ; United States ; Computers ; Purchasing ; Cyberterrorism ; Prevention ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Identifying an agile and adaptable acquisition process that can field new information technology capabilities and services in relatively short and responsive time frames is a pressing issue for the U.S. Navy. Damaging malware can mutate within hours or days, requiring a defense that is sufficiently responsive to mitigate each variant. The Navy's Program Manager, Warfare (PMW) 130, an office in the Navy's Program Executive Office for Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence, is focused on rapidly and proactively fielding innovative capabilities to stay ahead of cyber threats. It requires an acquisition and fielding cycle that can deliver hardware security products within 12-18 months, software security products within six to 12 months, and incremental development for both hardware and software every three months. These time frames are far shorter than the Navy's traditional acquisition cycle time, which can be 36 months from concept approval to initial operational capability or eight to ten years for full operational capability. With a focus on these goals, a RAND study sought to identify ways to accelerate or bypass the traditional acquisition process in response to the unique demands of PMW 130 information technology and cyber programs, with lessons derived from and recommendations applicable to programs across the U.S. Department of Defense
    Abstract: Identifying an agile and adaptable acquisition process that can field new information technology capabilities and services in relatively short and responsive time frames is a pressing issue for the U.S. Navy. Damaging malware can mutate within hours or days, requiring a defense that is sufficiently responsive to mitigate each variant. The Navy's Program Manager, Warfare (PMW) 130, an office in the Navy's Program Executive Office for Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence, is focused on rapidly and proactively fielding innovative capabilities to stay ahead of cyber threats. It requires an acquisition and fielding cycle that can deliver hardware security products within 12-18 months, software security products within six to 12 months, and incremental development for both hardware and software every three months. These time frames are far shorter than the Navy's traditional acquisition cycle time, which can be 36 months from concept approval to initial operational capability or eight to ten years for full operational capability. With a focus on these goals, a RAND study sought to identify ways to accelerate or bypass the traditional acquisition process in response to the unique demands of PMW 130 information technology and cyber programs, with lessons derived from and recommendations applicable to programs across the U.S. Department of Defense
    Note: "Prepared for the United States Navy , "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 73-78)
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    Characterizing and exploring the implications of maritime irregular warfare (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833059222 , 083305922X , 9780833059246 , 0833059246 , 9780833058911 , 0833058916 , 9780833059239 , 0833059238
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxv, 111 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Characterizing and exploring the implications of maritime irregular warfare
    Keywords: Riverine operations Case studies ; Piracy Case studies Prevention ; Maritime terrorism Case studies Prevention ; Irregular warfare Case studies ; Naval art and science ; Riverine operations ; Piracy ; Maritime terrorism ; Irregular warfare ; Naval art and science ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Marine & Naval ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; HISTORY ; Military ; Naval ; Irregular warfare ; Naval art and science ; Piracy ; Prevention ; Riverine operations ; United States ; Case studies ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Introduction -- What Is Maritime Irregular Warfare? -- The Case of Operation Enduring Freedom-Philippines -- A Comparative Historical Analysis of Maritime Irregular Warfare -- Adversary Capabilities in Maritime Irregular Warfare -- Conclusions and Recommendations
    Abstract: Introduction -- What Is Maritime Irregular Warfare? -- The Case of Operation Enduring Freedom-Philippines -- A Comparative Historical Analysis of Maritime Irregular Warfare -- Adversary Capabilities in Maritime Irregular Warfare -- Conclusions and Recommendations
    Note: "Rand National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the United States Navy; approved for public release; distribution unlimited , Includes bibliographical references
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  • 59
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    Embracing the fog of war : assessment and metrics in counterinsurgency (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833068385 , 0833068385 , 9780833058157 , 0833068407 , 0833058150 , 9780833068408
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxi, 308 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Connable, Ben Embracing the fog of war
    Keywords: Counterinsurgency Evaluation ; Counterinsurgency ; HISTORY ; Revolutionary ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Intelligence & Espionage ; counterinsurgency ; Afghanistan ; United States ; Vietnam ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Campaign assessments help decisionmakers in the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), Congress, and the executive branch shape what tend to be difficult and lengthy counterinsurgency (COIN) campaigns. Assessment informs critical decisions, including the allocation of resources and major shifts in strategy. The complex and chaotic environment of the typical COIN campaign presents vexing challenges to assessment, and efforts to overcome these challenges are mired in an overreliance on aggregated quantitative data that are often inaccurate and misleading. This comprehensive examination of COIN assessment as practiced through early 2011, as described in the literature and doctrine, and as applied in two primary case studies (Vietnam and Afghanistan), reveals weaknesses and gaps in this centralized, quantitative approach. The author proposes an alternative process -- contextual assessment -- that accounts for the realities of the COIN environment and the needs of both policymakers and commanders. Since this manuscript was completed in mid-2011, various elements of DoD have published new doctrine on assessment, some of which addresses criticisms raised in this report. The International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan has also revamped its assessment process
    Abstract: Campaign assessments help decisionmakers in the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), Congress, and the executive branch shape what tend to be difficult and lengthy counterinsurgency (COIN) campaigns. Assessment informs critical decisions, including the allocation of resources and major shifts in strategy. The complex and chaotic environment of the typical COIN campaign presents vexing challenges to assessment, and efforts to overcome these challenges are mired in an overreliance on aggregated quantitative data that are often inaccurate and misleading. This comprehensive examination of COIN assessment as practiced through early 2011, as described in the literature and doctrine, and as applied in two primary case studies (Vietnam and Afghanistan), reveals weaknesses and gaps in this centralized, quantitative approach. The author proposes an alternative process -- contextual assessment -- that accounts for the realities of the COIN environment and the needs of both policymakers and commanders. Since this manuscript was completed in mid-2011, various elements of DoD have published new doctrine on assessment, some of which addresses criticisms raised in this report. The International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan has also revamped its assessment process
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the U.S. Department of Defense , Includes bibliographical references (pages 289-308)
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    U.S. military information operations in Afghanistan : effectiveness of psychological operations 2001-2010 (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833051547 , 0833051547 , 9780833051516 , 0833051563 , 0833051512 , 9780833051561
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxvi, 175 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation monograph series MG1060
    Parallel Title: Print version Munoz, Arturo, 1949- U.S. military information operations in Afghanistan
    Keywords: Afghan War, 2001- Psychological aspects ; Psychological warfare History 21st century ; Afghan War, 2001- Propaganda ; Afghan War, 2001- ; Psychological warfare ; Afghan War, 2001- ; Propaganda ; Psychological aspects ; Psychological warfare ; Regions & Countries - Asia & the Middle East ; History & Archaeology ; South Asia ; Afghan War (2001- ) ; HISTORY ; Military ; Afghan War (2001- ) ; United States ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; History ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The U.S. Marine Corps, which has long recognized the importance of influencing the civilian population in a counterinsurgency (COIN) environment, asked the RAND National Defense Research Institute to evaluate the effectiveness of U.S. military (USMIL) information operations (IO) and psychological operations (PSYOP) in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2010 based on how well messages and themes are tailored to target audiences. This monograph responds to that request. It should be emphasized that this report does not cover the significant changes in IO and PSYOP definitions, doctrine, organization, and implementation in the field that have taken place since 2010. When the text refers to the present, or the current situation, it generally means 2010
    Abstract: The U.S. Marine Corps, which has long recognized the importance of influencing the civilian population in a counterinsurgency (COIN) environment, asked the RAND National Defense Research Institute to evaluate the effectiveness of U.S. military (USMIL) information operations (IO) and psychological operations (PSYOP) in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2010 based on how well messages and themes are tailored to target audiences. This monograph responds to that request. It should be emphasized that this report does not cover the significant changes in IO and PSYOP definitions, doctrine, organization, and implementation in the field that have taken place since 2010. When the text refers to the present, or the current situation, it generally means 2010
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 165-175)
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    NATO and the challenges of austerity (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833068491 , 0833068490 , 9780833068484 , 0833068482 , 9780833068477 , 0833068504 , 0833068474 , 9780833068507
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 115 pages)
    Series Statement: Monograph / Rand Corporation
    Parallel Title: Print version NATO and the challenges of austerity
    Keywords: North Atlantic Treaty Organization Armed Forces ; Operational readiness ; North Atlantic Treaty Organization Armed Forces ; Appropriations and expenditures ; North Atlantic Treaty Organization ; North Atlantic Treaty Organization ; Armed Forces ; Appropriations and expenditures ; Armed Forces ; Operational readiness ; Military policy ; North Atlantic Treaty Organization ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; Europe ; North America ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Europe Armed Forces ; Appropriations and expenditures ; North America Armed Forces ; Appropriations and expenditures ; Europe Military policy ; North America Military policy ; Europe ; North America ; Europe ; North America ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "In the coming decade, NATO faces growing fiscal austerity and declining defense budgets. This study analyzes the impact of planned defense budget cuts on the capabilities of seven European members of NATO -- the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, and Poland -- that together represent more than 80 percent of NATO Europe's defense spending. The result of the anticipated cuts and future financial constraints is that the capacity of the major European powers to project military power will be highly constrained: The air, land, and sea forces of key U.S. European allies are rapidly reaching the point at which they can perform only one moderate-sized operation at a time and will be hard-pressed to meet the rotation requirements of a protracted, small-scale irregular warfare mission. Power projection and sustainment of significant forces outside Europe's immediate neighborhood will be particularly difficult. The authors discuss these challenges in a strategic context, including the operational and planning weaknesses exposed by NATO's intervention in Libya in 2011, and make recommendations for U.S. policy with regard to NATO."--Page 4 of cover
    Abstract: "In the coming decade, NATO faces growing fiscal austerity and declining defense budgets. This study analyzes the impact of planned defense budget cuts on the capabilities of seven European members of NATO -- the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, and Poland -- that together represent more than 80 percent of NATO Europe's defense spending. The result of the anticipated cuts and future financial constraints is that the capacity of the major European powers to project military power will be highly constrained: The air, land, and sea forces of key U.S. European allies are rapidly reaching the point at which they can perform only one moderate-sized operation at a time and will be hard-pressed to meet the rotation requirements of a protracted, small-scale irregular warfare mission. Power projection and sustainment of significant forces outside Europe's immediate neighborhood will be particularly difficult. The authors discuss these challenges in a strategic context, including the operational and planning weaknesses exposed by NATO's intervention in Libya in 2011, and make recommendations for U.S. policy with regard to NATO."--Page 4 of cover
    Note: "MG-1196-OSD"--Page 4 of cover , "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 109-115)
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  • 62
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    Allocating Marine Expeditionary Unit equipment and personnel to minimize shortfalls (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833076199 , 0833084577 , 0833080741 , 0833076191 , 9780833080745 , 9780833084576
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxvi, 120 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation technical report series TR-1253-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Allocating Marine Expeditionary Unit equipment and personnel to minimize shortfalls
    Keywords: United States Equipment ; United States ; United States ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Armed Forces ; Equipment and supplies ; Electronic books
    Abstract: For various reasons, including the commander's priorities and expected mission requirements, U.S. Marine Corps amphibious lift requirements, that is, the space needed on ships to transport equipment for a given mission, may exceed the U.S. Navy's lift capacity. Thus, Marine Expeditionary Units (MEUs) afloat generally do not have all their support personnel and equipment on board. What is the impact of this shortfall on a MEU's ability to complete the tasks associated with its mission, especially when the mission includes reconstruction and stabilization operations? Close examination reveals that, in general, MEUs do not fail as a result of these equipment shortfalls; Marine Corps commanders are able to make use of the equipment they have in innovative and creative ways to accomplish the tasks at hand. However, equipment shortfalls do force shortcuts and sometimes sacrifice the quality and speed of task completion. This report describes the development of an automated tool for allocating both equipment and personnel to complete the tasks associated with 15 MEU missions, highlighting the associated equipment implications
    Abstract: For various reasons, including the commander's priorities and expected mission requirements, U.S. Marine Corps amphibious lift requirements, that is, the space needed on ships to transport equipment for a given mission, may exceed the U.S. Navy's lift capacity. Thus, Marine Expeditionary Units (MEUs) afloat generally do not have all their support personnel and equipment on board. What is the impact of this shortfall on a MEU's ability to complete the tasks associated with its mission, especially when the mission includes reconstruction and stabilization operations? Close examination reveals that, in general, MEUs do not fail as a result of these equipment shortfalls; Marine Corps commanders are able to make use of the equipment they have in innovative and creative ways to accomplish the tasks at hand. However, equipment shortfalls do force shortcuts and sometimes sacrifice the quality and speed of task completion. This report describes the development of an automated tool for allocating both equipment and personnel to complete the tasks associated with 15 MEU missions, highlighting the associated equipment implications
    Note: "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , "RAND National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 119-120)
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    An assessment of the ability of U.S. Department of Defense and the services to measure and track language and culture training and capabilities among general purpose forces (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833076670 , 0833083600 , 0833076671 , 9780833083609
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 61 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation technical report series TR-1192-OSD
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Assessment of the ability of U.S. Department of Defense and the services to measure and track language and culture training and capabilities among general purpose forces
    Keywords: United States Personnel management ; Evaluation ; United States ; Cultural competence Government policy ; Evaluation ; Soldiers Education, Non-military ; Language and languages Study and teaching ; Military education Evaluation ; Cultural competence ; Soldiers ; Language and languages ; Military education ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military Science - General ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Language and languages ; Study and teaching ; United States ; Military education ; Evaluation ; United States ; Personnel management ; Evaluation ; Soldiers ; Education, Non-military ; Military & Naval Science ; United States Armed Forces ; Officials and employees ; Education ; United States Armed Forces ; Personnel management ; Evaluation ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "The purpose of this research was to assess the ability of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) to measure and track language, regional expertise, and culture (LREC) capabilities and training among general purpose forces (GPF). The research tasks addressed four specific questions: 1. According to the best available data, what is the relevance of LREC training and capabilities to overall unit readiness and mission accomplishment? 2. How does DoD currently track the LREC training and capabilities of GPF? 3. Does this tracking adequately reflect unit readiness and the ability to accomplish missions? 4. If not, how can DoD improve tracking of LREC training and capabilities to adequately reflect unit readiness? To address these questions, the study team reviewed DoD policies and directives and the available academic literature, conducted interviews of practitioners and policymakers, and analyzed available survey data. This report presents the results of the study. This research should be of interest to policymakers interested in LREC skills and training, as well as those interested in readiness requirements."--Preface
    Abstract: "The purpose of this research was to assess the ability of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) to measure and track language, regional expertise, and culture (LREC) capabilities and training among general purpose forces (GPF). The research tasks addressed four specific questions: 1. According to the best available data, what is the relevance of LREC training and capabilities to overall unit readiness and mission accomplishment? 2. How does DoD currently track the LREC training and capabilities of GPF? 3. Does this tracking adequately reflect unit readiness and the ability to accomplish missions? 4. If not, how can DoD improve tracking of LREC training and capabilities to adequately reflect unit readiness? To address these questions, the study team reviewed DoD policies and directives and the available academic literature, conducted interviews of practitioners and policymakers, and analyzed available survey data. This report presents the results of the study. This research should be of interest to policymakers interested in LREC skills and training, as well as those interested in readiness requirements."--Preface
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 57-61)
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    Implementation of the Common Core State Standards : recommendations for the Department of Defense Education Activity Schools (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833078223 , 0833078224 , 9780833078230 , 0833078240 , 0833078232 , 0833077856 , 9780833077851 , 9780833078247
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Occasional paper OP-384-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Saavedra, Anna Rosefsky Implementation of the Common Core State Standards
    Keywords: United States ; United States ; Military post schools, American Standards ; Military post schools, American ; Military & Naval Science ; Education ; Law, Politics & Government ; Social Sciences ; Military Science - General ; Education, Special Topics ; United States ; EDUCATION ; Curricula ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "The Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA) recently joined 45 states, the District of Columbia, Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands in adopting the Common Core State Standards (CCSS), implementation of which requires a transition of curriculum, instruction, professional development, and assessments from the current system of standards to a new one that promotes higher-order thinking and communication skills. In light of this adoption, the authors draw on prior literature on the implementation of large-scale educational reforms to frame CCSS implementation in terms of eight core tasks, each tailored to the DoDEA context. These tasks are based on a synthesis of scale-up efforts from 15 diverse, large-scale reforms
    Abstract: "The Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA) recently joined 45 states, the District of Columbia, Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands in adopting the Common Core State Standards (CCSS), implementation of which requires a transition of curriculum, instruction, professional development, and assessments from the current system of standards to a new one that promotes higher-order thinking and communication skills. In light of this adoption, the authors draw on prior literature on the implementation of large-scale educational reforms to frame CCSS implementation in terms of eight core tasks, each tailored to the DoDEA context. These tasks are based on a synthesis of scale-up efforts from 15 diverse, large-scale reforms
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references
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    A strategy-based framework for accommodating reductions in the defense budget (2012)
    Santa Monica, Calif : Rand Corporation
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833076861 , 0833079751 , 0833076868 , 9780833079756
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 46 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation occasional paper series OP-379-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Strategy-based framework for accommodating reductions in the defense budget
    Keywords: United States Appropriations and expenditures ; United States Planning ; United States ; United States ; National security ; Military planning ; National security ; Military planning ; Military planning ; Military policy ; National security ; Planning ; United States ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; Treaties ; United States ; Armed Forces ; Finance ; Expenditures, Public ; United States Military policy ; United States Armed Forces ; Finance ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This paper suggests an approach for how the Department of Defense (DoD) might execute deep reductions in the defense budget, deep enough that stated defense strategy could not be fully resourced. The cuts examined go beyond the $487 billion announced in January 2012 by Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta. The authors do not argue for or against further reductions. They posit that the ongoing pressure to reduce the federal budget deficit may mandate further reductions in the DoD budget. In this context, they suggest starting from a strategic basis in determining the reductions, prioritizing challenges, and identifying where to accept more risk in the process. The paper demonstrates this method with three illustrative strategic directions that might guide the department in choosing which forces and programs to reduce or to protect while making explicit the risks involved. It builds on the strategic guidance of January 2012, Sustaining U.S. Global Leadership: Priorities for 21st Century Defense. It is intended to inform the debate that will likely take place over the coming months, and years, on how to cope with pressure to reduce the defense budget further while limiting risk to U.S. national security
    Abstract: This paper suggests an approach for how the Department of Defense (DoD) might execute deep reductions in the defense budget, deep enough that stated defense strategy could not be fully resourced. The cuts examined go beyond the $487 billion announced in January 2012 by Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta. The authors do not argue for or against further reductions. They posit that the ongoing pressure to reduce the federal budget deficit may mandate further reductions in the DoD budget. In this context, they suggest starting from a strategic basis in determining the reductions, prioritizing challenges, and identifying where to accept more risk in the process. The paper demonstrates this method with three illustrative strategic directions that might guide the department in choosing which forces and programs to reduce or to protect while making explicit the risks involved. It builds on the strategic guidance of January 2012, Sustaining U.S. Global Leadership: Priorities for 21st Century Defense. It is intended to inform the debate that will likely take place over the coming months, and years, on how to cope with pressure to reduce the defense budget further while limiting risk to U.S. national security
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 45-46)
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    What works best when building partner capacity and under what circumstances? (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833078506 , 0833083155 , 083307850X , 9780833083159
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiv, 101 pages)
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Keywords: Security Assistance Program ; Military assistance, American ; Security Assistance Program ; Military assistance, American ; Military & Naval Science ; Armies ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military assistance, American ; Security Assistance Program ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; United States ; Military relations ; United States Military relations ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The United States has a long history of helping other nations develop and improve their military and other security forces. However, changing economic realities and the ongoing reductions in overall defense spending related to the end of more than a decade of war will affect the funding available for these initiatives. How can the U.S. Department of Defense increase the effectiveness of its efforts to build partner capacity while also increasing the efficiency of those efforts? And what can the history of U.S. efforts to build partner capacity reveal about which approaches are likely to be more or less effective under different circumstances? To tackle these complex questions and form a base of evidence to inform policy discussions and investment decisions, a RAND study collected and compared 20 years of data on 29 historical case studies of U.S. involvement in building partner capacity. In the process, it tested a series of validating factors and hypotheses (many of which are rooted in "common knowledge") to determine how they stand up to real-world case examples of partner capacity building. The results reveal nuances in outcomes and context, pointing to solutions and recommendations to increase the effectiveness of current and future U.S. initiatives to forge better relationships, improve the security and stability of partner countries, and meet U.S. policy and security objectives worldwide
    Abstract: The United States has a long history of helping other nations develop and improve their military and other security forces. However, changing economic realities and the ongoing reductions in overall defense spending related to the end of more than a decade of war will affect the funding available for these initiatives. How can the U.S. Department of Defense increase the effectiveness of its efforts to build partner capacity while also increasing the efficiency of those efforts? And what can the history of U.S. efforts to build partner capacity reveal about which approaches are likely to be more or less effective under different circumstances? To tackle these complex questions and form a base of evidence to inform policy discussions and investment decisions, a RAND study collected and compared 20 years of data on 29 historical case studies of U.S. involvement in building partner capacity. In the process, it tested a series of validating factors and hypotheses (many of which are rooted in "common knowledge") to determine how they stand up to real-world case examples of partner capacity building. The results reveal nuances in outcomes and context, pointing to solutions and recommendations to increase the effectiveness of current and future U.S. initiatives to forge better relationships, improve the security and stability of partner countries, and meet U.S. policy and security objectives worldwide
    Note: "RAND National Defense Research Institute , "This research was ... conducted within the International Security and Defense Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute"--Preface , Includes bibliographical references (pages 99-101)
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    Assessing freedom of movement for counterinsurgency campaigns (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833059062 , 0833077775 , 0833059068 , 9780833077776
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 70 pages)
    Series Statement: Technical report TR-1014-USFOR-A
    Parallel Title: Print version Assessing freedom of movement for counterinsurgency campaigns
    DDC: 355.02/18
    Keywords: Freedom of movement ; Counterinsurgency ; Freedom of movement ; Counterinsurgency ; Military Science - General ; Afghanistan ; Freedom of movement ; Counterinsurgency ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Freedom of movement (FoM) is the actual or perceived degree to which individuals or groups can move from place to place within a given environment or into and out of that environment. FoM is clearly an important consideration in the development of counterinsurgency tactics, operations, and strategies, but it is addressed infrequently and inconsistently in the doctrine and literature on counterinsurgency. A consistent, comprehensive definition of FoM must take into account the range of complexities and challenges posed by the operating environment, as well as the practical reality that FoM means something different to different groups. Focusing specifically on Afghanistan, this examination considers actual and perceived FoM for civilians, coalition and Afghan security forces, government officials, nongovernmental organizations, and insurgents and profiles the factors that influence these groups and affect data reporting in potentially misleading ways. It also serves as a guide for a bottom-up approach to developing sustainable FoM assessment processes that consider the range of variables that can enable and inhibit actual freedom to move and that can affect the subsequent analysis of FoM data. A historical and global review of a sample of the FoM assessment literature and interviews with assessment experts also clarify best practices and gaps in knowledge and capability that assessment staffs could address
    Abstract: Freedom of movement (FoM) is the actual or perceived degree to which individuals or groups can move from place to place within a given environment or into and out of that environment. FoM is clearly an important consideration in the development of counterinsurgency tactics, operations, and strategies, but it is addressed infrequently and inconsistently in the doctrine and literature on counterinsurgency. A consistent, comprehensive definition of FoM must take into account the range of complexities and challenges posed by the operating environment, as well as the practical reality that FoM means something different to different groups. Focusing specifically on Afghanistan, this examination considers actual and perceived FoM for civilians, coalition and Afghan security forces, government officials, nongovernmental organizations, and insurgents and profiles the factors that influence these groups and affect data reporting in potentially misleading ways. It also serves as a guide for a bottom-up approach to developing sustainable FoM assessment processes that consider the range of variables that can enable and inhibit actual freedom to move and that can affect the subsequent analysis of FoM data. A historical and global review of a sample of the FoM assessment literature and interviews with assessment experts also clarify best practices and gaps in knowledge and capability that assessment staffs could address
    Note: "Prepared for U.S. Forces-Afghanistan , "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 59-70)
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    All glory is fleeting : insights from the Second Lebanon War (2012)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833079497 , 0833079492
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxii, 97 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series MG-708-1-JFCOM
    DDC: 956.9204/4
    Keywords: Lebanon War, 2006 Evaluation ; Military planning Evaluation ; Strategy Evaluation ; Lebanon War, 2006 ; Military planning ; Strategy ; Military policy ; Evaluation ; Military planning ; Evaluation ; Israel ; Lebanon War (2006) ; Lebanon ; Evaluation ; Israel Military policy ; Evaluation ; Israel ; Electronic books
    Abstract: A Hizballah raid along the Lebanon-Israel border on July 12, 2006, resulted in the capture of two Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers and others killed and wounded. The response from Jerusalem was both quick and violent, surprising Hizballah's leadership and triggering the month-long Second Lebanon War. The event left the IDF a chastened force and Israel an introspective nation. The IDF's efforts to learn from the war and correct recognized deficiencies began immediately. This book draws on information provided by serving IDF personnel during a March 2007 conference held in Tel Aviv, interviews with retired IDF officers, and written sources. The analysis first reviews identified shortfalls, then offers an external perspective to provide further thoughts on sources of difficulties and analyze what the conflict offers the U.S. military in the way of lessons that might assist as it confronts operational challenges today and in the future
    Abstract: A Hizballah raid along the Lebanon-Israel border on July 12, 2006, resulted in the capture of two Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) soldiers and others killed and wounded. The response from Jerusalem was both quick and violent, surprising Hizballah's leadership and triggering the month-long Second Lebanon War. The event left the IDF a chastened force and Israel an introspective nation. The IDF's efforts to learn from the war and correct recognized deficiencies began immediately. This book draws on information provided by serving IDF personnel during a March 2007 conference held in Tel Aviv, interviews with retired IDF officers, and written sources. The analysis first reviews identified shortfalls, then offers an external perspective to provide further thoughts on sources of difficulties and analyze what the conflict offers the U.S. military in the way of lessons that might assist as it confronts operational challenges today and in the future
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the United States Joint Forces Command , Includes bibliographical references (pages 87-97)
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    An assessment of the civilian acquisition workforce personnel demonstration project (2012)
    Santa Monica, Calif : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833076878 , 0833083597 , 0833076876 , 9780833083593
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxii, 85 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation technical report series TR-1286-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Assessment of the civilian acquisition workforce personnel demonstration project
    Keywords: United States Procurement ; Management ; United States Personnel management ; Evaluation ; United States ; United States ; Human capital Government policy ; Civil service Personnel management ; Human capital ; Civil service ; Civil service ; Personnel management ; Human capital ; Government policy ; Personnel management ; Evaluation ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military Administration ; United States ; United States ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Decision-Making & Problem Solving ; Armed Forces ; Procurement ; Management ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "The vast majority of U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and federal civilian employees work on the General Schedule (GS) personnel system. However, some concerns have been raised about the GS system, including perceptions that poorly performing employees are tolerated for extended periods of time and that monetary rewards are not directly linked to performance. In response to concerns of this nature, Congress has authorized some demonstration projects, in which additional flexibilities are provided, intending to produce better outcomes than if the employees were in the GS system. One such demonstration project, the DoD Civilian Acquisition Workforce Personnel Demonstration Project (AcqDemo), is the subject of this report. Implemented on February 7, 1999, AcqDemo is an effort to reengineer the civilian personnel system to meet the needs of the acquisition workforce and to facilitate the fulfillment of the DoD acquisition mission. Congress required an independent assessment of the program against 12 criteria by September 30, 2012. This report is that legislatively mandated assessment
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 83-85)
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    China and India, 2025 : a comparative assessment (2011)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833058867 , 083305886X , 0833050427 , 9780833050427
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiv, 145 p.)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series MG1009
    DDC: 338.951054
    Keywords: Geschichte 2010-2025 ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Development / Business Development ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Development / Economic Development ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Development / General ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Government & Business ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS / Structural Adjustment ; POLITICAL SCIENCE / Public Policy / Economic Policy ; HISTORY / Asia / China ; Armed Forces / Appropriations and expenditures ; Economic development / Forecasting ; Population ; Technological innovations ; Wirtschaft ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Economic development Forecasting ; Economic development Forecasting ; Technological innovations ; Technological innovations ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Militärhaushalt ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Asien ; Indien ; China ; Indien ; Electronic books ; China ; Indien ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Bevölkerungsentwicklung ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Militärhaushalt ; Geschichte 2010-2025
    Note: Title from PDF title screen (viewed on Aug. 25, 2011) , Includes bibliographical references: p. 131-145 , China and India will exercise increasing influence in international affairs in the coming decades. As prominent members of the G-20, their influence will be manifest in the global economy, in global politics, and in the global security environment. Each country's role on the world stage will also be affected by the progress that it makes and by the competition and cooperation that develop between them. The research described in this monograph focuses on the progress China and India seem likely to achieve from 2010 through 2025, as well as on some of the major problems they may encounter along the way. This research consists of a comparative assessment of their prospects in this period in four domains: demography, macroeconomics, science and technology, and defense spending and procurement. In each domain, the assessment seeks answers to these questions: Who is ahead? By how much? and Why? Often the answers are quantitative, sometimes they are more qualitative, and sometimes they are inconclusive. The monograph concludes with implications for policy and for further research , Objectives, background, context -- Population trends in China and India: Demographic dividend or demographic drag? -- China-India: a macroeconomic assessment -- Science and technology -- Chinese and Indian defense and defense procurement spending to 2025 -- Conclusions and implications -- Appendix A: Meta-analysis of economic growth in China and India -- Appendix B: Detailed calculations for, and additional figures showing, the projections in Chapter Four -- Appendix C: Analytic tables
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    The next supreme leader : succession in the Islamic Republic of Iran (2011)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833051349 , 0833051342 , 9780833051332 , 0833051997 , 0833051334 , 9780833051998
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 99 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series MG-1052-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Nader, Alireza Next supreme leader
    Keywords: Heads of state Succession ; Forecasting ; Heads of state Succession ; Heads of state ; Heads of state ; Politics and government ; Forecasting ; Iran ; Heads of state ; Succession ; Politics and government ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Process ; General ; Iran Politics and government 1997- ; Iran Politics and government ; Forecasting ; Iran ; Iran ; Electronic books
    Abstract: As the commander in chief and highest political authority in Iran, the current Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, has played a critical role in the direction of the Islamic Republic of Iran. This has never been more true than during the tumultuous 2009 presidential elections, the outcome of which was determined by Khamenei's decisive support of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Only two men have held the position of Supreme Leader since the Islamic Republic of Iran was established in 1979: Khamenei and his predecessor, Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. As Khamenei ages and rumors of his ill health intensify, U.S. policymakers and analysts need to consider the various scenarios for succession. The eventual outcome -- what the office of the Supreme Leader looks like in Khamenei's wake -- will determine the Islamic Republic's direction. The research documented in this monograph identifies three key factors that will shape succession of the next Supreme Leader and outlines five alternative scenarios for the post-Khamenei era. For each of the factors, it provides a set of indicators that observers can use to assess the most important trends. It situates all of this within the context of the June 2009 election. Because the context in which succession would occur becomes more uncertain the further into the future one looks, the authors focus on the near term -- i.e., a succession that would take place within the next two to three years. However, the authors also speculate about the changes that are likely to ensue in the longer term if Khamenei remains Supreme Leader for the next ten years or more. In light of the 2009 election, a status quo scenario seems most likely in the near term, and an absolutist scenario is a close second. The likelihood of longer-term succession scenarios is uncertain
    Abstract: Preface -- Figures -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- The Official Procedure for Selecting Iran's Supreme Leader Is Laid Out in the Iranian Constitution -- In Actuality, the Next Succession Is Likely to Occur in a Much Different Way -- The Factional Balance of Power -- The Prevailing View of Velayat-e Faghih -- Khamenei's Personal Network -- Other Potential Factors Are Not as Relevant if the Succession Happens in the Near Term -- The Trajectory of the Next Succession Will Hinge on How the Three Principal Factors Are Configured at the Time of Khamenei's Departure -- Methodology -- Roadmap of the Report -- Chapter 2. Factor 1: The Factional Balance of Power -- The Factional Landscape in Iran -- The Islamist Right -- The Islamist Left (Reformists) -- Since the Islamic Revolution, Factionalism Has Been More Influential Than Constitutional Process in Decisionmaking and Policymaking Within the Iranian Political System -- Khomeini Was Able to Keep Factional Jockeying Largely in Check -- Since Khamenei Came to Power in 1989, Factional Competition Has Grown Markedly in Both Intensity and Influence -- Chapter 3. Factor 2: The Prevailing View of Velayat-e Faghih -- The Absolute View of Velayat-e Faghih -- The Democratic View of Velayat-e Faghih -- The Quietist View of Velayat-e Faghih -- Since Each Faction Has a Different View of Velayat-e Faghih, Whichever Dominates Iran's Political Landscape Will Play a Decisive Role in Shaping Succession -- Chapter 4. Factor 3: Khamenei's Personal Network -- The Members of Khamenei's Personal Network -- The Supreme Leader Has Historically Maintained a Personal Network Instrumental in Making Key Political Decisions -- Khomeini's Personal Network Was the Main Driver of the 1989 Succession -- Since the Mid-1990s, Khamenei and His Personal Network Have Steadily Consolidated Authority and Are Now the Principal Decisionmakers in Iranian Politics -- Chapter 5. Five Scenarios for Succession of the Supreme Leader in the Near Term -- Indicators That Suggest How Factional Competition Is Evolving -- Indicators That Point to the Prevailing View of Velayat-e Faghih -- Indicators That Signal How Khamenei's Personal Network Is Developing and the Power It Holds -- The Configuration of the Three Factors as of 2011 -- Five Possible Scenarios for Succession of the Current Supreme Leader -- Status Quo: The Supreme Leader Remains Powerful But Not Omnipotent -- Absolutist: The Supreme Leader, a Dictator, Discards Elected Institutions -- Democratic: An Iranian-Stylized Islamic Democracy -- Leadership Council: An Executive Body Beholden to Qom -- Abolition: Demise of the Islamic Republic -- The "Wild Card" Factor: The Nature and Timing of Khamenei's Exit -- The Status Quo and Absolutist Scenarios Seem the Most Likely for the Next Succession -- Chapter 6. Succession of the Supreme Leader in the Longer Term -- The Longer-Term Effects of the 2009 Election -- The Configuration of the Three Factors Will Change -- Other Factors Will Also Influence Succession in the Longer Term -- The "Old Guard" Will Disappear and Be Replaced -- Domestic Issues Will Inevitably Evolve, Putting Pressure on the Nezam to Adapt -- Iran's Relationship with the United States Will Play a Role -- Chapter 7. Concluding Remarks -- Bibliography
    Abstract: Preface -- Figures -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- The Official Procedure for Selecting Iran's Supreme Leader Is Laid Out in the Iranian Constitution -- In Actuality, the Next Succession Is Likely to Occur in a Much Different Way -- The Factional Balance of Power -- The Prevailing View of Velayat-e Faghih -- Khamenei's Personal Network -- Other Potential Factors Are Not as Relevant if the Succession Happens in the Near Term -- The Trajectory of the Next Succession Will Hinge on How the Three Principal Factors Are Configured at the Time of Khamenei's Departure -- Methodology -- Roadmap of the Report -- Chapter 2. Factor 1: The Factional Balance of Power -- The Factional Landscape in Iran -- The Islamist Right -- The Islamist Left (Reformists) -- Since the Islamic Revolution, Factionalism Has Been More Influential Than Constitutional Process in Decisionmaking and Policymaking Within the Iranian Political System -- Khomeini Was Able to Keep Factional Jockeying Largely in Check -- Since Khamenei Came to Power in 1989, Factional Competition Has Grown Markedly in Both Intensity and Influence -- Chapter 3. Factor 2: The Prevailing View of Velayat-e Faghih -- The Absolute View of Velayat-e Faghih -- The Democratic View of Velayat-e Faghih -- The Quietist View of Velayat-e Faghih -- Since Each Faction Has a Different View of Velayat-e Faghih, Whichever Dominates Iran's Political Landscape Will Play a Decisive Role in Shaping Succession -- Chapter 4. Factor 3: Khamenei's Personal Network -- The Members of Khamenei's Personal Network -- The Supreme Leader Has Historically Maintained a Personal Network Instrumental in Making Key Political Decisions -- Khomeini's Personal Network Was the Main Driver of the 1989 Succession -- Since the Mid-1990s, Khamenei and His Personal Network Have Steadily Consolidated Authority and Are Now the Principal Decisionmakers in Iranian Politics -- Chapter 5. Five Scenarios for Succession of the Supreme Leader in the Near Term -- Indicators That Suggest How Factional Competition Is Evolving -- Indicators That Point to the Prevailing View of Velayat-e Faghih -- Indicators That Signal How Khamenei's Personal Network Is Developing and the Power It Holds -- The Configuration of the Three Factors as of 2011 -- Five Possible Scenarios for Succession of the Current Supreme Leader -- Status Quo: The Supreme Leader Remains Powerful But Not Omnipotent -- Absolutist: The Supreme Leader, a Dictator, Discards Elected Institutions -- Democratic: An Iranian-Stylized Islamic Democracy -- Leadership Council: An Executive Body Beholden to Qom -- Abolition: Demise of the Islamic Republic -- The "Wild Card" Factor: The Nature and Timing of Khamenei's Exit -- The Status Quo and Absolutist Scenarios Seem the Most Likely for the Next Succession -- Chapter 6. Succession of the Supreme Leader in the Longer Term -- The Longer-Term Effects of the 2009 Election -- The Configuration of the Three Factors Will Change -- Other Factors Will Also Influence Succession in the Longer Term -- The "Old Guard" Will Disappear and Be Replaced -- Domestic Issues Will Inevitably Evolve, Putting Pressure on the Nezam to Adapt -- Iran's Relationship with the United States Will Play a Role -- Chapter 7. Concluding Remarks -- Bibliography
    Note: "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references (pages 95-99)
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    Alert and ready : an organizational design assessment of Marine Corps intelligence (2011)
    Santa Monica, Calif : RAND Corp
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833052605 , 0833052659 , 0833052608 , 9780833052650
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiv, 201 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation monograph series MG1108
    Keywords: United States Organization ; Evaluation ; United States ; Military intelligence ; Military intelligence ; HISTORY ; Military ; Biological & Chemical Warfare ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Intelligence & Espionage ; Military intelligence ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Marines ; Military Administration ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "As the U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) has grown in strength, it has needed to add intelligence capabilities. Since the end of the Cold War and, especially, since September 11, 2001, USMC intelligence has had to tailor its organization to meet the evolving demands of the operational environment. This has resulted in a number of ad hoc arrangements, practices, and organizations. A broad review of the organizational design of the USMC intelligence enterprise examined how to align it efficiently and effectively with current and future missions and functions. Specifically, the review, which included interviews with a range of USMC personnel and civilians, considered the organization of (and possible improvements to) the Intelligence Department, the Marine Corps Intelligence Activity, the intelligence organizations within the Marine Expeditionary Forces (specifically, the intelligence and radio battalions), and intelligence structures in the combat elements. A comparison of 48 organizational and functional issues with a series of USMC intelligence and functional issues resulted in a series of recommendations to help improve the "fit" of USMC intelligence organizations with their environmental context. In some cases, the service would benefit not from changing its intelligence structure but by realigning it; in other areas, restructuring would lend greater efficiency and effectiveness to the USMC intelligence enterprise."--Page 4 of cover
    Abstract: "As the U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) has grown in strength, it has needed to add intelligence capabilities. Since the end of the Cold War and, especially, since September 11, 2001, USMC intelligence has had to tailor its organization to meet the evolving demands of the operational environment. This has resulted in a number of ad hoc arrangements, practices, and organizations. A broad review of the organizational design of the USMC intelligence enterprise examined how to align it efficiently and effectively with current and future missions and functions. Specifically, the review, which included interviews with a range of USMC personnel and civilians, considered the organization of (and possible improvements to) the Intelligence Department, the Marine Corps Intelligence Activity, the intelligence organizations within the Marine Expeditionary Forces (specifically, the intelligence and radio battalions), and intelligence structures in the combat elements. A comparison of 48 organizational and functional issues with a series of USMC intelligence and functional issues resulted in a series of recommendations to help improve the "fit" of USMC intelligence organizations with their environmental context. In some cases, the service would benefit not from changing its intelligence structure but by realigning it; in other areas, restructuring would lend greater efficiency and effectiveness to the USMC intelligence enterprise."--Page 4 of cover
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 195-201)
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  • 73
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    Reintegrating Afghan insurgents (2011)
    Santa Monica, Calif : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833051387 , 083305158X , 0833051385 , 9780833051585
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 27 pages)
    Series Statement: Occasional paper OP-327-MCIA
    Parallel Title: Print version Jones, Seth G., 1972- Reintegrating Afghan insurgents
    Keywords: Soldiers Rehabilitation ; Counterinsurgency ; Soldiers ; Counterinsurgency ; Counterinsurgency ; Soldiers ; Rehabilitation ; HISTORY ; Military ; Afghan War (2001- ) ; Afghanistan ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Terrorism ; Armed Forces ; Demobilization ; Afghanistan Armed Forces ; Demobilization ; Afghanistan ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Figures and Table; Summary; Chapter One: Factors That Enable Reintegration; Perception of Winning; Coercion; Addressing Grievances; Chapter Two: Reintegration Procedures; Proactive Efforts; Screening; Holding and Security Procedures; Incentives; Engagement of Tribal and Other Leaders; Information Operations; Active Use of Personnel; Chapter Three: Conclusions: Reintegration from the Bottom Up; Notes
    Abstract: Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Contents; Preface; Figures and Table; Summary; Chapter One: Factors That Enable Reintegration; Perception of Winning; Coercion; Addressing Grievances; Chapter Two: Reintegration Procedures; Proactive Efforts; Screening; Holding and Security Procedures; Incentives; Engagement of Tribal and Other Leaders; Information Operations; Active Use of Personnel; Chapter Three: Conclusions: Reintegration from the Bottom Up; Notes
    Note: "Prepared for the Marine Corps Intelligence Activity , "The research described in this report was prepared for the Marine Corps Intelligence Activity. The research was conducted within the RAND National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combatant Commands, the Navy, the Marine Corps, the defense agencies, and the defense Intelligence Community under Contract W74V8H-06-C-0002"--Title page verso , "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 23-27)
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  • 74
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    Dilemmas of intervention : social science for stabilization and reconstruction (2011)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833052490 , 0833052578 , 0833052497 , 9780833052575
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xlix, 332 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Dilemmas of intervention
    Keywords: Peace-building ; Nation-building ; Postwar reconstruction ; Peace-building ; Nation-building ; Postwar reconstruction ; Peace-building ; Postwar reconstruction ; peacebuilding ; peacekeeping operations ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Globalization ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Nation-building ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Governments intervening in post-conflict states find themselves beset with numerous challenges and profound dilemmas: it is often unclear how best to proceed because measures that may improve conditions in one respect may undermine them in another. This volume reviews and integrates the scholarly social-science literature relevant to stabilization and reconstruction (S & R), with the goal of informing strategic planning at the whole-of-government level. The authors assert that S & R success depends on success in each of four component domains -- political, social, security, and economic. The authors discuss each domain separately but emphasize their interactions and the idea that the failure of any component can doom S & R as a whole. The authors also focus on a number of dilemmas that intervenors in post-conflict states face -- such as between short- and long-term goals and whether to work through or around the state's central government -- and suggest how these dilemmas can be confronted depending on context
    Abstract: Governments intervening in post-conflict states find themselves beset with numerous challenges and profound dilemmas: it is often unclear how best to proceed because measures that may improve conditions in one respect may undermine them in another. This volume reviews and integrates the scholarly social-science literature relevant to stabilization and reconstruction (S & R), with the goal of informing strategic planning at the whole-of-government level. The authors assert that S & R success depends on success in each of four component domains -- political, social, security, and economic. The authors discuss each domain separately but emphasize their interactions and the idea that the failure of any component can doom S & R as a whole. The authors also focus on a number of dilemmas that intervenors in post-conflict states face -- such as between short- and long-term goals and whether to work through or around the state's central government -- and suggest how these dilemmas can be confronted depending on context
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references
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  • 75
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    Band of brothers or dysfunctional family? : a military perspective on coalition challenges during stability operations (2011)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833047694 , 0833059866 , 0833047698 , 9780833059864
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 131 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Glenn, Russell W Band of brothers or dysfunctional family?
    Keywords: Integrated operations (Military science) ; Counterinsurgency ; Armed Forces Stability operations ; Integrated operations (Military science) ; Counterinsurgency ; Armed Forces ; HISTORY ; Military ; Pictorial ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Armed Forces ; Stability operations ; Counterinsurgency ; Integrated operations (Military science) ; military operations ; cooperation ; armed forces ; peacekeeping operations ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Counterinsurgency and other stability operations seldom present a nation with trials that threaten its very survival, barring cases in which that nation is the target of insurgents. Bonds between coalition members are therefore weaker than when threat of annihilation reinforces mutual dependence. Such situations are further complicated by the use of force likely not being the primary implement for attaining ultimate success. Devoid of a preeminent threat and denied primary dependence on armed forces, core coalition objectives tend to be political rather than military in character and include counterinsurgency, nation building, developing government capacity, and providing humanitarian assistance -- activities often associated with stability operations. Armed forces are not staffed or trained to meet the long-term demands of many of these tasks. An alliance or coalition must therefore incorporate participation by other government agencies and -- ultimately -- that of the indigenous government and its population more than is expected during conventional combat operations. Recent contingencies have also seen commercial enterprises, militias, intergovernmental organizations, and nongovernmental organizations become key participants in these undertakings. The result is coalitions of a size seldom seen and with a number of affiliations rarely, if ever, approached before the late 20th century. This monograph investigates the dramatic expansion of challenges confronting alliances and coalitions today and thereafter considers potential solutions that include questioning the conception of what constitutes a coalition in today's world
    Abstract: Counterinsurgency and other stability operations seldom present a nation with trials that threaten its very survival, barring cases in which that nation is the target of insurgents. Bonds between coalition members are therefore weaker than when threat of annihilation reinforces mutual dependence. Such situations are further complicated by the use of force likely not being the primary implement for attaining ultimate success. Devoid of a preeminent threat and denied primary dependence on armed forces, core coalition objectives tend to be political rather than military in character and include counterinsurgency, nation building, developing government capacity, and providing humanitarian assistance -- activities often associated with stability operations. Armed forces are not staffed or trained to meet the long-term demands of many of these tasks. An alliance or coalition must therefore incorporate participation by other government agencies and -- ultimately -- that of the indigenous government and its population more than is expected during conventional combat operations. Recent contingencies have also seen commercial enterprises, militias, intergovernmental organizations, and nongovernmental organizations become key participants in these undertakings. The result is coalitions of a size seldom seen and with a number of affiliations rarely, if ever, approached before the late 20th century. This monograph investigates the dramatic expansion of challenges confronting alliances and coalitions today and thereafter considers potential solutions that include questioning the conception of what constitutes a coalition in today's world
    Note: "National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 109-131)
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  • 76
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    The challenge of violent drug-trafficking organizations : an assessment of Mexican security based on existing RAND research on urban unrest, insurgency, and defense-sector reform (2011)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833058270 , 0833058304 , 0833058274 , 9780833058300
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 85 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series MG-1125-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Paul, Christopher, 1971- Challenge of violent drug-trafficking organizations
    Keywords: Internal security ; Violent crimes Prevention ; Violence ; Drug traffic ; Drug control ; Internal security ; Violent crimes ; Violence ; Drug traffic ; Drug control ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Drug control ; Drug traffic ; Internal security ; Violence ; Violent crimes ; Prevention ; Social Welfare & Social Work ; Social Sciences ; Substance Abuse ; Mexico ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Infrastructure ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; General ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Violent drug-trafficking organizations (VDTOs) in Mexico produce, transport, and deliver into the United States tens of billions of dollars worth of narcotics annually, but their activities are not limited to drug trafficking. VDTOs have also engaged in human trafficking, weapon trafficking, kidnapping, money laundering, extortion, bribery, racketeering, and assassinations. In an effort to clarify the scope and details of the challenges posed by VDTOs, a RAND team conducted a Delphi expert elicitation exercise, the results of which offer an assessment of the contemporary security situation in Mexico through the lens of existing RAND research on related issues. The exercise centered around three strands of prior RAND research on urban instability and unrest, historical insurgencies, and defense-sector reform. Although this prior research was not designed specifically for the study of Mexico, all three areas offer applicable insights. Assessment scorecards from these projects were used to obtain input from the expert panel and to guide the resulting discussion. The goal was not to break significant new ground in understanding the dynamics of drug violence in Mexico or to offer a qualitative assessment of these dynamics, but rather to provide an empirically based platform for identifying key areas that merit further investigation
    Abstract: Violent drug-trafficking organizations (VDTOs) in Mexico produce, transport, and deliver into the United States tens of billions of dollars worth of narcotics annually, but their activities are not limited to drug trafficking. VDTOs have also engaged in human trafficking, weapon trafficking, kidnapping, money laundering, extortion, bribery, racketeering, and assassinations. In an effort to clarify the scope and details of the challenges posed by VDTOs, a RAND team conducted a Delphi expert elicitation exercise, the results of which offer an assessment of the contemporary security situation in Mexico through the lens of existing RAND research on related issues. The exercise centered around three strands of prior RAND research on urban instability and unrest, historical insurgencies, and defense-sector reform. Although this prior research was not designed specifically for the study of Mexico, all three areas offer applicable insights. Assessment scorecards from these projects were used to obtain input from the expert panel and to guide the resulting discussion. The goal was not to break significant new ground in understanding the dynamics of drug violence in Mexico or to offer a qualitative assessment of these dynamics, but rather to provide an empirically based platform for identifying key areas that merit further investigation
    Note: "This research was conducted within the International Security and Defense Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute"--Preface , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references (pages 81-85)
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  • 77
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    Counterinsurgency scorecard : Afghanistan in early 2011 relative to the insurgencies of the past 30 years (2011)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833058119 , 0833058118 , 9780833052483 , 0833058134 , 0833052489 , 9780833058133
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 pages)
    Series Statement: Occasional paper OP-337-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Counterinsurgency Scorecard
    Keywords: Counterinsurgency ; Counterinsurgency ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; COMPUTERS ; Data Modeling & Design ; Counterinsurgency ; Military & Naval Science ; Law - U.S ; Law, Politics & Government ; Law - U.S. - General ; Military Science - General ; Afghanistan ; Case studies ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The previously published RAND monograph, Victory Has a Thousand Fathers: Sources of Success in Counterinsurgency, used detailed case studies of the 30 insurgencies worldwide begun and completed between 1978 and 2008 to analyze correlates of success in counterinsurgency (COIN). A core finding was that a case's score on a scorecard of 15 equally weighted good and 12 equally weighted bad COIN factors and practices perfectly predicted the outcome of those 30 insurgencies. That is, the balance of good and bad factors and practices correlated with either a COIN win (insurgency loss) or a COIN loss (insurgency win) in the overall case. Using the scorecard approach as its foundation, a RAND project sought to extend the findings to the case of Afghanistan in early 2011. The effort involved an expert elicitation, or Delphi, exercise in which experts were asked to make "worst-case" assessments of the factors to complete the scorecard for ongoing operations in Afghanistan. The consensus results revealed that early 2011 Afghanistan scores in the middle of the historical record in terms of COIN wins and losses: its score was lower than that in the lowest-scoring historical COIN win but higher than that in the highest-scoring COIN loss. This suggests an uncertain outcome in Afghanistan, but the findings may help provide additional guidance as operations continue
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (page 19)
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  • 78
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    From insurgency to stability : Volume I: Key capabilities and practices (2011)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833052995 , 0833053051 , 0833052993 , 9780833053053
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xli, 229 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version From insurgency to stability
    Keywords: Counterinsurgency ; Peace-building ; Counterinsurgency ; Peace-building ; Political Science ; Counterinsurgency ; Military Science - General ; United States ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; HISTORY ; Military ; Strategy ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Government ; International ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; Armed Forces ; Stability operations ; Political Theory of the State ; Peace-building ; United States Armed Forces ; Stability operations ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This monograph is the first of two volumes that examine how countries confronting insurgencies transition from a high level of violence to a more stable situation. It identifies the procedures and capabilities that the U.S. Department of Defense, other agencies of the U.S. government, U.S. allies and partners, and international organizations require in order to support the transition from counterinsurgency to stability and reconstruction operations. During counterinsurgency, the military takes primary responsibility for security and economic operations, but when the insurgency has been reduced to a level where the state is able to perform its basic functions, police and civilian government agencies take the lead in providing security and services to the population. Successful post-counterinsurgency operations can ensure that lasting peace and stability will follow, rather than a relapse into violence
    Abstract: This monograph is the first of two volumes that examine how countries confronting insurgencies transition from a high level of violence to a more stable situation. It identifies the procedures and capabilities that the U.S. Department of Defense, other agencies of the U.S. government, U.S. allies and partners, and international organizations require in order to support the transition from counterinsurgency to stability and reconstruction operations. During counterinsurgency, the military takes primary responsibility for security and economic operations, but when the insurgency has been reduced to a level where the state is able to perform its basic functions, police and civilian government agencies take the lead in providing security and services to the population. Successful post-counterinsurgency operations can ensure that lasting peace and stability will follow, rather than a relapse into violence
    Note: "This research was conducted within the International Security and Defense Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute"--Title page verso , "RAND National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 209-229)
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  • 79
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    An economic analysis of the financial records of al-Qa'ida in Iraq (2010)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 0833050524 , 0833050397 , 0833051628 , 9780833050526 , 9780833050397 , 9780833051622
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxii, 92 pages) , color illustrations, color maps
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Parallel Title: Print version Economic analysis of the financial records of al-Qa'ida in Iraq
    RVK:
    QG 810
    RVK:
    MD 8920
    Keywords: Qaida (Organization) Finance ; Terrorism Finance ; Terrorism Finance ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This monograph analyzes the finances of the militant group al-Qa'ida in Iraq (AQI) in Anbar province during 2005 and 2006, at the peak of the group's power and influence. The authors draw on captured documents that give details on the daily financial transactions of one specific sector within Anbar province and of the financial transactions of the AQI provincial administration. Some of their conclusions are: AQI was a hierarchical organization with decentralized decisionmaking; AQI in Anbar was profitable enough to send substantial revenues out of the province in 2006; AQI relied on extortion, theft, and black market sales to fund its operations in Anbar; AQI needed large, regular revenue sources to fund its operations, but its administrative leaders did not hold much cash on hand. The authors' interpretation of data on compensation practices and participants' risk of death indicates that AQI members were poorly compensated and suggests that they were not motivated primarily by money to join the group. The authors also find that mounting attacks required organizational expenditures well beyond the cost of materiel used in attacks. One major conclusion is that disrupting AQI's financial flows could disrupt the pace of their attacks
    Abstract: Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Preface; Contents; Figures; Tables; Summary; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; CHAPTER ONE Introduction; Financing Militant Organizations; Individual Returns to Militancy; Empirical Work on Militant Finance and the Financing of al-Qa'ida; The Contribution of This Monograph; How This Monograph Is Organized; CHAPTER TWO AQI and the Political and Economic Environment in Anbar; Anbar Province; AQI: A Primer; Politics and Security in Anbar; The Economy of Anbar; CHAPTER THREE Auditing al-Qa'ida in Iraq; Area of Operations
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 80
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    Mullahs, guards, and bonyads : an exploration of Iranian leadership dynamics (2010)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND, National Defense Research Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833047731 , 0833049305 , 0833047736 , 9780833049308
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiii, 144 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Mullahs, Guards, and Bonyads
    Keywords: Islam and politics ; Political leadership ; Civil-military relations ; Political culture ; Islam and politics ; Political leadership ; Civil-military relations ; Political culture ; Political leadership ; Politics and government ; Regions & Countries - Asia & the Middle East ; Middle East ; History & Archaeology ; HISTORY ; General ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Iran ; United States ; Iran ; government ; Iran ; internal politics ; Civil-military relations ; Diplomatic relations ; Islam and politics ; Military policy ; Political culture ; Iran Foreign relations ; Iran Military policy ; United States Foreign relations ; Iran Foreign relations ; Iran Politics and government ; Iran ; Iran ; United States ; Iran ; Iran ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The Islamic Republic of Iran poses serious challenges to U.S. interests in the Middle East, and its nuclear program continues to worry, and bring condemnation and sanction from, the international community. Yet the U.S. ability to "read" the regime in Tehran and formulate appropriate policies has been handicapped by the lack of access to Iran experienced by U.S. diplomats and other citizens and by what many observers lament as the opacity of Iranian decisionmaking processes. The objective of this book is to offer a framework to help U.S. policymakers and analysts better understand existing and evolving leadership dynamics driving Iranian decisionmaking. The research herein provides not only a basic primer on the structure, institutions, and personalities of the government and other influential power centers but also a better understanding of Iranian elite behavior as a driver of Iranian policy formulation and execution. The book pays special attention to emerging fissures within the regime, competing centers of power, and the primacy of informal networks-- a particularly important yet not well understood hallmark of the Iranian system
    Abstract: The Islamic Republic of Iran poses serious challenges to U.S. interests in the Middle East, and its nuclear program continues to worry, and bring condemnation and sanction from, the international community. Yet the U.S. ability to "read" the regime in Tehran and formulate appropriate policies has been handicapped by the lack of access to Iran experienced by U.S. diplomats and other citizens and by what many observers lament as the opacity of Iranian decisionmaking processes. The objective of this book is to offer a framework to help U.S. policymakers and analysts better understand existing and evolving leadership dynamics driving Iranian decisionmaking. The research herein provides not only a basic primer on the structure, institutions, and personalities of the government and other influential power centers but also a better understanding of Iranian elite behavior as a driver of Iranian policy formulation and execution. The book pays special attention to emerging fissures within the regime, competing centers of power, and the primacy of informal networks-- a particularly important yet not well understood hallmark of the Iranian system
    Note: "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense, approved for public release, distribution unlimited , Includes bibliographical references (pages 127-144)
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    Sexual orientation and U.S. military personnel policy : an update of RAND's 1993 study (2010)
    Santa Monica : Rand Corp
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833051295 , 0833051326 , 0833051296 , 9780833051325
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxiv, 410 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version National Defense Research Institute (U.S.) Sexual orientation and U.S. military personnel policy
    Keywords: Gay military personnel ; Gay military personnel ; Gay military personnel ; Military policy ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; United States ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Gay Studies ; United States Military policy ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: At the request of the Senate Armed Services Committee and the Secretary of Defense, the RAND Corporation conducted a study on sexual orientation and U.S. military policy in order to provide information and analysis that might be considered in discussing the possible repeal of the law known as "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" (DADT). The study examined DADT implementation; U.S. public and military opinion about allowing gay men and lesbians to serve in the military without restriction; and the scientific literature on group cohesion, sexual orientation, and related health issues. RAND conducted focus groups with military personnel and a survey of gay, lesbian, and bisexual military personnel. RAND researchers also examined the comparable experiences of other institutions, domestic agencies, and foreign militaries, as well as how repeal of DADT might affect unit cohesion and military readiness and effectiveness
    Abstract: At the request of the Senate Armed Services Committee and the Secretary of Defense, the RAND Corporation conducted a study on sexual orientation and U.S. military policy in order to provide information and analysis that might be considered in discussing the possible repeal of the law known as "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" (DADT). The study examined DADT implementation; U.S. public and military opinion about allowing gay men and lesbians to serve in the military without restriction; and the scientific literature on group cohesion, sexual orientation, and related health issues. RAND conducted focus groups with military personnel and a survey of gay, lesbian, and bisexual military personnel. RAND researchers also examined the comparable experiences of other institutions, domestic agencies, and foreign militaries, as well as how repeal of DADT might affect unit cohesion and military readiness and effectiveness
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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    Reconstruction under fire : case studies and further analysis of civil requirements (2010)
    Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corp
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833049735 , 0833050761 , 0833049739 , 9780833050762
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiv, 149 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Reconstruction under fire
    Keywords: Counterinsurgency ; Counterinsurgency Case studies ; Counterinsurgency ; Counterinsurgency ; Counterinsurgency ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Case studies ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "Successful counterinsurgency (COIN) requires the integration of security and civil COIN to create conditions that allow the population to choose between the government and insurgents, eliminate the grievances that gave rise to the insurgency, and present the population with choices that are more attractive than what the insurgents can offer. Building on a framework for integrating civil and military counterinsurgency first described in Reconstruction Under Fire: Unifying Civil and Military Counterinsurgency, this volume presents an approach to the civil component of counterinsurgency that builds on detailed background, context analysis, and threat analysis to identify and develop critical civil COIN activities. It illustrates this approach using three case studies: Nangarhar province in Afghanistan, Nord-Kivu province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Al Anbar province in Iraq. The approach builds on the best aspects of existing conflict assessment methodologies and adds new elements developed specifically for this project. The resulting framework goes beyond the strategic and operational decisions related to designing a program that is appropriate for a given conflict context."--Page 4 of cover
    Abstract: "Successful counterinsurgency (COIN) requires the integration of security and civil COIN to create conditions that allow the population to choose between the government and insurgents, eliminate the grievances that gave rise to the insurgency, and present the population with choices that are more attractive than what the insurgents can offer. Building on a framework for integrating civil and military counterinsurgency first described in Reconstruction Under Fire: Unifying Civil and Military Counterinsurgency, this volume presents an approach to the civil component of counterinsurgency that builds on detailed background, context analysis, and threat analysis to identify and develop critical civil COIN activities. It illustrates this approach using three case studies: Nangarhar province in Afghanistan, Nord-Kivu province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Al Anbar province in Iraq. The approach builds on the best aspects of existing conflict assessment methodologies and adds new elements developed specifically for this project. The resulting framework goes beyond the strategic and operational decisions related to designing a program that is appropriate for a given conflict context."--Page 4 of cover
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 143-149)
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    Confronting space debris : strategies and warnings from comparable examples including deepwater horizon (2010)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833050564 , 0833051903 , 0833050567 , 9780833051905
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxviii, 127 pages)
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Baiocchi, Dave Confronting space debris
    Keywords: Space industrialization ; Space debris ; Space industrialization ; Space debris ; space ; environment ; Mechanical Engineering ; Engineering & Applied Sciences ; Aeronautics Engineering & Astronautics ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Aeronautics & Astronautics ; Outer space ; Space debris ; Space industrialization ; Outer space ; Outer space ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "Orbital (space) debris represents a growing threat to the operation of man-made objects in space. According to Nick Johnson, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) chief scientist for orbital debris, '[T]he current orbital debris environment poses a real, albeit low level, threat to the operation of spacecraft' in both low earth orbit (LEO) and geosynchronous orbit (GEO) (Johnson, 2010). There are currently hundreds of thousands of objects greater than one centimeter in diameter in Earth's orbit. The collision of any one of these objects with an operational satellite would cause catastrophic failure of that satellite. This monograph presents a new way of thinking about the orbital debris problem. It should be of interest to space-faring nation-states and commercial firms, the legislative and executive branches of the U.S. government, the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, and the general public. This research was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and conducted within the Acquisition and Technology Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combatant Commands, the Navy, the Marine Corps, the defense agencies, and the Intelligence Community."--Page iii
    Abstract: "Orbital (space) debris represents a growing threat to the operation of man-made objects in space. According to Nick Johnson, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) chief scientist for orbital debris, '[T]he current orbital debris environment poses a real, albeit low level, threat to the operation of spacecraft' in both low earth orbit (LEO) and geosynchronous orbit (GEO) (Johnson, 2010). There are currently hundreds of thousands of objects greater than one centimeter in diameter in Earth's orbit. The collision of any one of these objects with an operational satellite would cause catastrophic failure of that satellite. This monograph presents a new way of thinking about the orbital debris problem. It should be of interest to space-faring nation-states and commercial firms, the legislative and executive branches of the U.S. government, the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, and the general public. This research was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and conducted within the Acquisition and Technology Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combatant Commands, the Navy, the Marine Corps, the defense agencies, and the Intelligence Community."--Page iii
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 91-120) and index
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    Afghanistan's local war : building local defense forces (2010)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND National Defense Research Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833049889 , 083305080X , 0833049887 , 9780833050809
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 97 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series MG-1002-MCIA
    Parallel Title: Print version Jones, Seth G., 1972- Afghanistan's local war
    Keywords: National security ; Internal security ; National security ; Internal security ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Internal security ; Afghanistan ; National security ; Politics and government ; Armed Forces ; Military readiness ; Military policy ; Afghanistan ; Afghanistan ; Afghanistan Military policy 21st century ; Afghanistan Armed Forces 21st century ; Afghanistan Armed Forces ; Afghanistan Politics and government 2001- ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Security in Afghanistan has historically required a combination of top-down efforts from the central government and bottom-up efforts from local communities. Since 2001, U.S. and broader international efforts have focused on establishing security solely from the top down through Afghan national security forces and other central government institutions. But local security forces are a critical complement to these efforts, especially in rural areas of the country. The Afghan government and NATO forces need to move quickly to establish a more-effective bottom-up strategy to complement top-down efforts by better leveraging local communities. The Afghan government can work with existing community structures that oppose insurgents to establish village-level policing entities, such as arbakai and chalweshtai, with support from NATO. Effectively leveraging local communities should significantly improve counterinsurgency prospects and can facilitate mobilization of the population against insurgents. This analysis documents lessons about the viability of establishing local security in Afghanistan and addresses concerns about the wisdom of such policies
    Abstract: Security in Afghanistan has historically required a combination of top-down efforts from the central government and bottom-up efforts from local communities. Since 2001, U.S. and broader international efforts have focused on establishing security solely from the top down through Afghan national security forces and other central government institutions. But local security forces are a critical complement to these efforts, especially in rural areas of the country. The Afghan government and NATO forces need to move quickly to establish a more-effective bottom-up strategy to complement top-down efforts by better leveraging local communities. The Afghan government can work with existing community structures that oppose insurgents to establish village-level policing entities, such as arbakai and chalweshtai, with support from NATO. Effectively leveraging local communities should significantly improve counterinsurgency prospects and can facilitate mobilization of the population against insurgents. This analysis documents lessons about the viability of establishing local security in Afghanistan and addresses concerns about the wisdom of such policies
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 89-97)
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    Security in Iraq : a framework for analyzing emerging threats as U.S. forces leave (2010)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833047717 , 0833050273 , 083304771X , 9780833050274
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxiv, 71 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Gompert, David C Security in Iraq
    Keywords: National security ; Disengagement (Military science) ; Iraq War, 2003-2011 ; Internal security ; National security ; Disengagement (Military science) ; Iraq War, 2003-2011 ; Internal security ; Disengagement (Military science) ; Internal security ; Military policy ; National security ; Politics and government ; security ; Iraq ; Iraq War (2003-2011) ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Iraq ; United States ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; Armed Forces ; Iraq Politics and government 2003- ; United States Military policy ; Iraq Military policy ; United States Armed Forces ; Iraq ; United States ; Iraq ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: A critical question surrounding the withdrawal of U.S. forces from Iraq is Iraq's internal security and stability. Although the U.S. withdrawal plan is designed with care to avoid weakening Iraq's security, the end of U.S. occupation may alter the strategies of the main Iraqi political actors, each of which has enough armed power to be able to shatter Iraq's domestic peace. In view of the potential for insecurity in Iraq, the United States cannot afford to take a passive or reactive stance. To anticipate dangers and act purposefully, U.S. policy-makers need a dynamic analytic framework with which to examine the shifting motivations and capabilities of the actors that affect Iraq's security. This monograph offers such a framework
    Abstract: A critical question surrounding the withdrawal of U.S. forces from Iraq is Iraq's internal security and stability. Although the U.S. withdrawal plan is designed with care to avoid weakening Iraq's security, the end of U.S. occupation may alter the strategies of the main Iraqi political actors, each of which has enough armed power to be able to shatter Iraq's domestic peace. In view of the potential for insecurity in Iraq, the United States cannot afford to take a passive or reactive stance. To anticipate dangers and act purposefully, U.S. policy-makers need a dynamic analytic framework with which to examine the shifting motivations and capabilities of the actors that affect Iraq's security. This monograph offers such a framework
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 57-71)
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    Victory has a thousand fathers : sources of success in counterinsurgency (2010)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833049612 , 0833050788 , 9781282940536 , 1282940538 , 9780833050786 , 0833049615
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxx, 153 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series MG-964-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Paul, Christopher, 1971- Victory has a thousand fathers
    Keywords: Insurgency Case studies ; Counterinsurgency Case studies ; Insurgency ; Counterinsurgency ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Counterinsurgency ; Insurgency ; Military & Naval Science ; Law, Politics & Government ; Military Science - General ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Case studies ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Insurgency has been the most prevalent form of armed conflict since at least 1949, as well as the subject of countless historical and contemporary studies. Contemporary discourse on the subject is voluminous and often contentious, but to date there has been a dearth of systematic evidence supporting the counterinsurgency (COIN) approaches, practices, and tenets that make for successful operations. Relying on a collection of the 30 most recent resolved insurgencies, along with a bank of factors that helped or hindered the COIN force in each case and in each phase of each case, several commonalities emerge. For instance, the data show that good COIN practices tend to "run in packs" and that the balance of selected good and bad practices perfectly predicts the outcome of a conflict. The importance of popular support is confirmed, but the ability to interdict tangible support (such as new personnel, materiel, and financing) is the single best predictor of COIN force success. Twenty distinct approaches to COIN are rigorously tested against the historical record, providing valuable lessons for U.S. engagement in and support for COIN operations
    Abstract: Insurgency has been the most prevalent form of armed conflict since at least 1949, as well as the subject of countless historical and contemporary studies. Contemporary discourse on the subject is voluminous and often contentious, but to date there has been a dearth of systematic evidence supporting the counterinsurgency (COIN) approaches, practices, and tenets that make for successful operations. Relying on a collection of the 30 most recent resolved insurgencies, along with a bank of factors that helped or hindered the COIN force in each case and in each phase of each case, several commonalities emerge. For instance, the data show that good COIN practices tend to "run in packs" and that the balance of selected good and bad practices perfectly predicts the outcome of a conflict. The importance of popular support is confirmed, but the ability to interdict tangible support (such as new personnel, materiel, and financing) is the single best predictor of COIN force success. Twenty distinct approaches to COIN are rigorously tested against the historical record, providing valuable lessons for U.S. engagement in and support for COIN operations
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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    Victory has a thousand fathers : detailed counterinsurgency case studies (2010)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND National Defense Research Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833049674 , 0833050796 , 0833049674 , 9780833050793
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 327 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series MG-964-1 OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Paul, Christopher, 1971- Victory has a thousand fathers
    Keywords: Counterinsurgency Case studies ; Insurgency Case studies ; Counterinsurgency ; Insurgency ; Insurgency ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; Case studies ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Counterinsurgency ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Detailed overviews of 30 counterinsurgency cases -- Nicaragua (Somoza), 1978-1979 -- Afghanistan (anti-Soviet), 1978-1992 -- Kampuchea, 1978-1992 -- El Salvador, 1979-1992 -- Somalia, 1980-1991 -- Peru, 1980-1992 -- Nicaragua (Contras), 1981-1990 -- Senegal, 1982-2002 -- Turkey (PKK), 1984-1999 -- Sudan (SPLA), 1984-2004 -- Uganda (ADF), 1986-2000 -- Papua New Guinea, 1988-1998 -- Liberia, 1989-1997 -- Rwanda, 1990-1994 -- Moldova, 1990-1992 -- Sierra Leone, 1991-2002 -- Algeria (GIA), 1992-2004 -- Croatia, 1992-1995 -- Afghanistan (post-Soviet), 1992-1996 -- Tajikistan, 1992-1997 -- Georgia/Abkhazia, 1992-1994 -- Nagorno-Karabakh, 1992-1994 --Bosnia, 1992-1995 -- Burundi, 1993-2003 -- Chechnya I, 1994-1996 -- Afghanistan (Taliban), 1996-2001 -- Zaire (anti-Mobutu), 1996-1997 -- Kosovo, 1996-1999 -- Nepal, 1997-2006 --Democratic Republic of the Congo (anti-Kabila), 1998-2003
    Abstract: Detailed overviews of 30 counterinsurgency cases -- Nicaragua (Somoza), 1978-1979 -- Afghanistan (anti-Soviet), 1978-1992 -- Kampuchea, 1978-1992 -- El Salvador, 1979-1992 -- Somalia, 1980-1991 -- Peru, 1980-1992 -- Nicaragua (Contras), 1981-1990 -- Senegal, 1982-2002 -- Turkey (PKK), 1984-1999 -- Sudan (SPLA), 1984-2004 -- Uganda (ADF), 1986-2000 -- Papua New Guinea, 1988-1998 -- Liberia, 1989-1997 -- Rwanda, 1990-1994 -- Moldova, 1990-1992 -- Sierra Leone, 1991-2002 -- Algeria (GIA), 1992-2004 -- Croatia, 1992-1995 -- Afghanistan (post-Soviet), 1992-1996 -- Tajikistan, 1992-1997 -- Georgia/Abkhazia, 1992-1994 -- Nagorno-Karabakh, 1992-1994 --Bosnia, 1992-1995 -- Burundi, 1993-2003 -- Chechnya I, 1994-1996 -- Afghanistan (Taliban), 1996-2001 -- Zaire (anti-Mobutu), 1996-1997 -- Kosovo, 1996-1999 -- Nepal, 1997-2006 --Democratic Republic of the Congo (anti-Kabila), 1998-2003
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 313-327)
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    The rise of the Pasdaran : assessing the domestic roles of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (2009)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND National Defense Research Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833046208 , 0833046802 , 0833046209 , 9780833046802
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 129 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Rise of the Pasdaran
    Keywords: Sipāh-i Pāsdārān-i Inqilāb-i Islāmī (Iran) Influence ; Sipāh-i Pāsdārān-i Inqilāb-i Islāmī (Iran) ; Civil-military relations ; Political culture ; Civil-military relations ; Political culture ; Political culture ; Politics and government ; Social conditions ; Sipāh-i Pāsdārān-i Inqilāb-i Islāmī (Iran) ; HISTORY ; Military ; Biological & Chemical Warfare ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; Civil-military relations ; Iran ; Iran ; internal politics ; Economic history ; Influence (Literary, artistic, etc.) ; Military policy ; Iran Economic conditions 1997- ; Iran Politics and government 1997- ; Iran Military policy ; Iran Social conditions 1997- ; Iran ; Iran ; Iran ; Iran ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Introduction -- The IRGC in Context: Iran's Security and Political Landscape -- The IRGC's Diverse Domestic Roles: Origins and Evolution -- Militarizing Civil Society: The IRGC's Indoctrination, Training, and Media Activities -- Economic Expansion: The IRGC's Business Conglomerate and Public Works -- The IRGC in Politics -- Conclusion: Toward a More Strategic Understanding of the IRGC -- Appendix A: Business Organizations Affiliated with the IRGC or Influenced by IRGC Personnel -- Appendix B: Current and Former IRGC Personnel -- Appendix C: Evolution of the Islamic Republic and the IRGC -- Appendix D: Provincial Map of Iran -- Appendix E: Glossary of Persian Terms
    Abstract: Introduction -- The IRGC in Context: Iran's Security and Political Landscape -- The IRGC's Diverse Domestic Roles: Origins and Evolution -- Militarizing Civil Society: The IRGC's Indoctrination, Training, and Media Activities -- Economic Expansion: The IRGC's Business Conglomerate and Public Works -- The IRGC in Politics -- Conclusion: Toward a More Strategic Understanding of the IRGC -- Appendix A: Business Organizations Affiliated with the IRGC or Influenced by IRGC Personnel -- Appendix B: Current and Former IRGC Personnel -- Appendix C: Evolution of the Islamic Republic and the IRGC -- Appendix D: Provincial Map of Iran -- Appendix E: Glossary of Persian Terms
    Note: "MG-821-OSD."--Page 4 of cover , "Approved for public release; distribution unlimited , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references (pages 117-129)
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    How have deployments during the war on terrorism affected reenlistment? (2009)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833047335 , 0833049399 , 0833047337 , 9780833049391
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 151 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series MG-873-OSD
    Parallel Title: Print version Hosek, James R How have deployments during the war on terrorism affected reenlistment?
    Keywords: War on Terrorism, 2001-2009 Manpower ; War on Terrorism, 2001-2009 ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Human Resources & Personnel Management ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Comparative Politics ; Armed Forces ; Foreign service ; Armed Forces ; Operational readiness ; Manpower ; Recruiting and enlistment ; War on Terrorism (2001-2009) ; United States ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Government ; Comparative ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom & Security ; General ; United States Armed Forces ; Foreign service ; United States Armed Forces ; Recruiting, enlistment, etc ; United States Armed Forces ; Operational readiness ; United States ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have been the United States' longest military engagements since the Vietnam War and the most severe test of the all-volunteer force, with the possible exception of the Gulf War in 1991. More than 1.5 million service members were deployed between 2002 and 2007, many of them more than once, and the fast pace of deployment has been felt throughout the military. Soldiers and marines have faced a steady cycle of predeployment training and exercises, deployment itself, and postdeployment reassignment and unit regeneration. Service members not on deployment are nonetheless busy planning and supporting military operations, caring for injured service members, and attending to recruiting, training, and other responsibilities at home and abroad. Many service members are married, and deployments have disrupted their family routines and created stress from separation and reintegration. At the same time, the long hours, tension, uncertainty, and violence of deployments have stressed the service members sent to fight. Remarkably, despite the pressures from deployments on service members and their families, reenlistment rates have been stable since 2002. The purpose of this monograph is to enhance understanding of whether deployments affected service members' willingness to stay in the military, as the stress caused by deployments would suggest, and how it was that reenlistment held steady
    Abstract: The military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have been the United States' longest military engagements since the Vietnam War and the most severe test of the all-volunteer force, with the possible exception of the Gulf War in 1991. More than 1.5 million service members were deployed between 2002 and 2007, many of them more than once, and the fast pace of deployment has been felt throughout the military. Soldiers and marines have faced a steady cycle of predeployment training and exercises, deployment itself, and postdeployment reassignment and unit regeneration. Service members not on deployment are nonetheless busy planning and supporting military operations, caring for injured service members, and attending to recruiting, training, and other responsibilities at home and abroad. Many service members are married, and deployments have disrupted their family routines and created stress from separation and reintegration. At the same time, the long hours, tension, uncertainty, and violence of deployments have stressed the service members sent to fight. Remarkably, despite the pressures from deployments on service members and their families, reenlistment rates have been stable since 2002. The purpose of this monograph is to enhance understanding of whether deployments affected service members' willingness to stay in the military, as the stress caused by deployments would suggest, and how it was that reenlistment held steady
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 149-151)
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    Countering piracy in the modern era : notes from a RAND workshop to discuss the best approaches for dealing with piracy in the 21st century (2009)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833047939 , 0833049046 , 0833047930 , 9780833049049
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 7 pages)
    Series Statement: Conference proceedings
    Parallel Title: Print version Chalk, Peter Countering piracy in the modern era
    Keywords: Merchant marine Security measures ; Piracy Economic aspects ; Piracy Prevention ; Piracy ; Shipping Security measures ; Merchant marine ; Piracy ; Piracy ; Piracy ; Shipping ; Piracy ; Piracy ; Prevention ; Shipping ; Security measures ; TRUE CRIME ; General ; Indian Ocean ; Gulf of Aden ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; Merchant marine ; Security measures ; Navigation ; Safety measures ; Aden, Gulf of Navigation ; Safety measures ; Aden, Gulf of ; Electronic books
    Abstract: In March 2009, the RAND Corporation convened a small group of experts from the U.S. government, allied partner nations, the maritime industry, and other academic organizations to discuss piracy in the modern era. The premise of the workshop was that reconsidering the underlying factors that drive maritime piracy in the 21st century might provide valuable insights to decisionmakers and policymakers into how best to address the problem within the wider context of fostering greater order at sea. This document summarizes the main points and conclusions that emerged from the workshop; it should serve as a useful resource to workshop participants as well as others interested in understanding the challenges associated with maritime disorder, violence at sea, and piracy in particular
    Abstract: In March 2009, the RAND Corporation convened a small group of experts from the U.S. government, allied partner nations, the maritime industry, and other academic organizations to discuss piracy in the modern era. The premise of the workshop was that reconsidering the underlying factors that drive maritime piracy in the 21st century might provide valuable insights to decisionmakers and policymakers into how best to address the problem within the wider context of fostering greater order at sea. This document summarizes the main points and conclusions that emerged from the workshop; it should serve as a useful resource to workshop participants as well as others interested in understanding the challenges associated with maritime disorder, violence at sea, and piracy in particular
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 91
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    Barriers to the broad dissemination of creative works in the Arab world (2009)
    Santa Monica, CA : Rand
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833047304 , 083304883X , 0833047302 , 9780833048837
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 41 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Barriers to the broad dissemination of creative works in the Arab world
    Keywords: Books and reading ; Book industries and trade ; Publishers and publishing ; Censorship ; Arabic literature Censorship ; Books and reading ; Book industries and trade ; Publishers and publishing ; Censorship ; Arabic literature ; Book industries and trade ; Books and reading ; Censorship ; Publishers and publishing ; Arab countries ; ART ; Art & Politics ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; Electronic books
    Abstract: A growing body of creative works by Arab authors and artists counters the intellectual and ideological underpinnings of violent extremism. Unfortunately, many of these works are not widely disseminated, marginalizing the influence of these alternative voices. This monograph examines the barriers to the broad dissemination of such works, with a focus on Arabic literature, and suggests ways to overcome these barriers
    Abstract: A growing body of creative works by Arab authors and artists counters the intellectual and ideological underpinnings of violent extremism. Unfortunately, many of these works are not widely disseminated, marginalizing the influence of these alternative voices. This monograph examines the barriers to the broad dissemination of such works, with a focus on Arabic literature, and suggests ways to overcome these barriers
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 37-41)
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  • 92
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    Improving capacity for stabilization and reconstruction operations (2009)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833046987 , 0833047256 , 9781282282780 , 1282282786 , 9780833047250 , 0833046985
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 81 pages)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Series Statement: RAND Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Bensahel, Nora, 1971- Improving capacity for stabilization and reconstruction operations
    Parallel Title: Print version Bensahel, Nora, 1971- Improving capacity for stabilization and reconstruction operations
    Keywords: Integrated operations (Military science) ; Integrated operations (Military science) ; Armed Forces ; Stability operations ; Integrated operations (Military science) ; HISTORY ; Military ; Strategy ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; International Relations ; General ; Armed Forces ; Civic action ; United States ; Armed Forces ; Civil functions ; United States Armed Forces ; Stability operations ; United States Armed Forces ; Civil functions ; United States Armed Forces ; Civic action ; United States ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: U.S. experiences in Iraq and Afghanistan have demonstrated that improving U.S. capacity for stabilization and reconstruction operations is critical to national security. To help craft a way ahead, the authors provide an overview of the requirements posed by stabilization and reconstruction operations and recommend ways to improve U.S. capacity to meet these needs
    Abstract: U.S. experiences in Iraq and Afghanistan have demonstrated that improving U.S. capacity for stabilization and reconstruction operations is critical to national security. To help craft a way ahead, the authors provide an overview of the requirements posed by stabilization and reconstruction operations and recommend ways to improve U.S. capacity to meet these needs
    Note: "Sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Issued by: RAND National Defense Research Institute , Includes bibliographical references (pages 77-81) , Title from PDF cover (viewed Apr. 20, 2009) , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 93
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    Recruiting minorities : what explains recent trends in the Army and Navy? (2009)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833047175 , 0833048988 , 0833047175 , 9780833048981
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxv, 91 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Asch, Beth J Recruiting minorities
    Keywords: United States Recruiting, enlistment, etc ; United States Recruiting, enlistment, etc ; United States Minorities ; United States Minorities ; United States ; United States ; United States ; United States ; Armed Forces ; Minorities ; Recruiting and enlistment ; United States ; United States ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Human Resources & Personnel Management ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This report identifies factors that are correlated with trends in black and Hispanic representation among high-quality recruits in the Army and Navy, and it considers which policies are likely to be most effective in increasing high-quality enlistments among black, Hispanic, and white youth"--Page iii
    Abstract: This report identifies factors that are correlated with trends in black and Hispanic representation among high-quality recruits in the Army and Navy, and it considers which policies are likely to be most effective in increasing high-quality enlistments among black, Hispanic, and white youth"--Page iii
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 89-91)
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  • 94
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    Preparing and training for the full spectrum of military challenges : insights from the experiences of China, France, the United Kingdom, India, and Israel (2009)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833047816 , 0833049380 , 0833047817 , 9780833049384
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxvii, 275 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Preparing and training for the full spectrum of military challenges
    Keywords: Operational readiness (Military science) ; Military planning ; Soldiers Training of ; Operational readiness (Military science) ; Military planning ; Soldiers ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom ; Military planning ; Operational readiness (Military science) ; Soldiers ; Training of ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; Electronic books
    Abstract: "The difficult and continually evolving operations in Iraq and Afghanistan show the complexities of what is now termed irregular warfare and highlight the need for new approaches to the security challenges with which the United States is now contending and will likely confront in the future. The research reported in this monograph focused on answering a rather straightforward, but thus far largely unanswered, question: What can the U.S. military learn from other militaries about how better to prepare for full-spectrum operations and deployments? To this end, RAND was asked by the OSD for Personnel and Readiness to examine the militaries of China, France, the UK, India, and Israel."--Page xiii
    Abstract: "The difficult and continually evolving operations in Iraq and Afghanistan show the complexities of what is now termed irregular warfare and highlight the need for new approaches to the security challenges with which the United States is now contending and will likely confront in the future. The research reported in this monograph focused on answering a rather straightforward, but thus far largely unanswered, question: What can the U.S. military learn from other militaries about how better to prepare for full-spectrum operations and deployments? To this end, RAND was asked by the OSD for Personnel and Readiness to examine the militaries of China, France, the UK, India, and Israel."--Page xiii
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 157-175)
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  • 95
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    A delicate balance : portfolio analysis and management for intelligence information dissemination programs (2009)
    Santa Monica, CA : RAND
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833049094 , 0833049445 , 0833049097 , 9780833049445
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xx, 44 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Delicate balance
    Keywords: United States ; United States ; Program budgeting ; Intelligence service Management ; Project management ; Intelligence service ; Program budgeting ; Intelligence service ; Project management ; Intelligence service ; COMPUTERS ; Data Modeling & Design ; Intelligence service ; Program budgeting ; Project management ; United States ; United States ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Public Affairs & Administration ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This publication describes the application of the RAND Corporation's Portfolio Analysis and Management Method (PortMan) to the evaluation of the National Security Agency's (NSA) information dissemination program portfolio, which is managed by the NSA Information Sharing Services (ISS) division. RAND's PortMan method enables the data-driven analysis of project portfolios and provides a means to monitor the progress of potentially high-value projects. It also allows portfolio managers to monitor the impact of any mitigation strategies they undertake, ensuring that the portfolio's highest potential value is achieved. For this project, RAND researchers first employed the Delphi method, a process for eliciting group opinion by a series of questionnaires with selective feedback from earlier responses, to collect expert opinion from the ISS Senior Leadership Group. This allowed for an estimation of value and risk for each project. RAND then used these estimates, together with cost information provided by ISS, to develop project rankings and to estimate the expected value-to-cost ratio for each project. RAND selected portfolios of projects that maximized the total expected value for the available program budget using a linear programming method and compared these results to ISS management's funding priorities
    Abstract: This publication describes the application of the RAND Corporation's Portfolio Analysis and Management Method (PortMan) to the evaluation of the National Security Agency's (NSA) information dissemination program portfolio, which is managed by the NSA Information Sharing Services (ISS) division. RAND's PortMan method enables the data-driven analysis of project portfolios and provides a means to monitor the progress of potentially high-value projects. It also allows portfolio managers to monitor the impact of any mitigation strategies they undertake, ensuring that the portfolio's highest potential value is achieved. For this project, RAND researchers first employed the Delphi method, a process for eliciting group opinion by a series of questionnaires with selective feedback from earlier responses, to collect expert opinion from the ISS Senior Leadership Group. This allowed for an estimation of value and risk for each project. RAND then used these estimates, together with cost information provided by ISS, to develop project rankings and to estimate the expected value-to-cost ratio for each project. RAND selected portfolios of projects that maximized the total expected value for the available program budget using a linear programming method and compared these results to ISS management's funding priorities
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 43-44)
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  • 96
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    Maintaining military medical skills during peacetime : outlining and assessing a new approach (2008)
    Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corp
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833042910 , 0833044303 , 0833042912 , 9780833044303
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 39 pages)
    Edition: [S.l.] HathiTrust Digital Library 2010 Electronic reproduction
    Parallel Title: Print version Eibner, Christine Maintaining military medical skills during peacetime
    Keywords: United States Personnel management ; United States ; Medicine, Military ; Manpower planning ; Medicine, Military ; Manpower planning ; United States ; MEDICAL ; Health Policy ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Human Resources & Personnel Management ; Manpower planning ; Medicine, Military ; Personnel management ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Military medical personnel are tasked with fulfilling both the benefits mission and the readiness mission of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). Currently, most military medical personnel are stationed at military treatment facilities (MTFs) during peacetime, where they maintain their clinical skills by treating beneficiaries of TRICARE, the military health care program. However, the medical skills required during deployment are likely to differ significantly from those required at MTFs. Alternative arrangements for maintaining medical skills for deployment may be needed. One alternative would be to station some military medical personnel in nonmilitary settings where the case mix might more closely resemble the expected case mix under deployment, such as emergency rooms or trauma centers. This study explored one model under which active-duty personnel would be assigned to civilian settings during peacetime, focusing on civilian receptiveness to the proposed arrangement and identifying potential barriers and concerns. Findings indicate that civilian medical organizations are generally receptive to the idea of such a model and that DoD could consider conducting a pilot study to assess the effectiveness of the model in improving military medical readiness
    Abstract: Military medical personnel are tasked with fulfilling both the benefits mission and the readiness mission of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). Currently, most military medical personnel are stationed at military treatment facilities (MTFs) during peacetime, where they maintain their clinical skills by treating beneficiaries of TRICARE, the military health care program. However, the medical skills required during deployment are likely to differ significantly from those required at MTFs. Alternative arrangements for maintaining medical skills for deployment may be needed. One alternative would be to station some military medical personnel in nonmilitary settings where the case mix might more closely resemble the expected case mix under deployment, such as emergency rooms or trauma centers. This study explored one model under which active-duty personnel would be assigned to civilian settings during peacetime, focusing on civilian receptiveness to the proposed arrangement and identifying potential barriers and concerns. Findings indicate that civilian medical organizations are generally receptive to the idea of such a model and that DoD could consider conducting a pilot study to assess the effectiveness of the model in improving military medical readiness
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from electronic t.p. (viewed Jan. 29, 2008) , Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL , Electronic reproduction , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 97
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    The Kefaya movement : a case study of a grassroots reform initiative (2008)
    Santa Monica, CA : Rand, National Defense Research Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833045485 , 0833046446 , 0833045482 , 9780833046444
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 65 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Kefaya movement
    Keywords: Kifāyah (Organization) ; Kifāyah (Organization) ; Opposition (Political science) ; Opposition (Political science) ; Politics and government ; Kifāyah (Organization) ; Egypt ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Process ; Political Advocacy ; LAW ; Civil Law ; Opposition (Political science) ; Egypt Politics and government 1981- ; Egypt ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This examination of Kefaya?s birth, accomplishments, and decline is based on. an analysis of Egyptian scholarship, Arabic-language media reports. (including online and new media), and interviews with Kefaya and Muslim. Brotherhood members and observers
    Abstract: This examination of Kefaya?s birth, accomplishments, and decline is based on. an analysis of Egyptian scholarship, Arabic-language media reports. (including online and new media), and interviews with Kefaya and Muslim. Brotherhood members and observers
    Note: "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references (pages 55-65)
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  • 98
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    Fiscally informed total force manpower (2008)
    Santa Monica, CA : Rand National Defense Research Institute
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833044181 , 0833044869 , 0833044184 , 9780833044860
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxii, 81 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand Corporation monograph series
    Parallel Title: Print version Fiscally informed total force manpower
    Keywords: United States Officials and employees ; United States ; Manpower ; Manpower ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom ; Employees ; United States ; Manpower ; United States ; Armed Forces ; Civilian employees ; Armed Forces ; Personnel management ; Armed Forces ; Appropriations and expenditures ; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS ; Human Resources & Personnel Management ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Political Freedom & Security ; General ; United States Armed Forces ; Appropriations and expenditures ; United States Armed Forces ; Personnel management ; United States Armed Forces ; Civilian employees ; United States ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This monograph presents the results of a short-term review of 27 publicly available manpower studies to discover methods that other organizations could use to make "fiscally informed" manpower decisions. The studies varied widely in their definition of cost-effectiveness. Methods included cutting the workforce, trading one workforce for another, reinvesting fixed manpower in higher-valued functions, trading end-strength for experience, and making short-term technology investments to reduce manpower in the long term. The authors conclude that the method used to determine manpower requirements may not be as important as other attributes of the studies, such as the direct involvement of a senior decisionmaker; stating specific goals as part of the study charter; a holistic view of the organization being studied; publicly available and auditable results; and a clear set of measurement criteria upon which to make decisions
    Abstract: This monograph presents the results of a short-term review of 27 publicly available manpower studies to discover methods that other organizations could use to make "fiscally informed" manpower decisions. The studies varied widely in their definition of cost-effectiveness. Methods included cutting the workforce, trading one workforce for another, reinvesting fixed manpower in higher-valued functions, trading end-strength for experience, and making short-term technology investments to reduce manpower in the long term. The authors conclude that the method used to determine manpower requirements may not be as important as other attributes of the studies, such as the direct involvement of a senior decisionmaker; stating specific goals as part of the study charter; a holistic view of the organization being studied; publicly available and auditable results; and a clear set of measurement criteria upon which to make decisions
    Note: "Rand Corporation monograph series"--Page 4 of cover , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references (pages 77-81)
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  • 99
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    Understanding proto-insurgencies (2007)
    Santa Monica, CA : Rand Corp
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833041364 , 0833042823 , 0833041363 , 9780833042828
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 60 pages)
    Series Statement: Rand counterinsurgency study paper 3
    Series Statement: Occasional paper (Rand Corporation) OP-178
    Parallel Title: Print version Byman, Daniel, 1967- Understanding proto-insurgencies
    Keywords: Insurgency ; Terrorism Prevention ; Counterinsurgency ; Insurgency ; Terrorism ; Counterinsurgency ; Counterinsurgency ; Influence (Literary, artistic, etc.) ; Insurgency ; Diplomatic relations ; Terrorism ; Prevention ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; United States ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Security (National & International) ; United States Foreign relations ; United States Influence ; United States ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: To gain the size and capabilities of an insurgency, a would-be insurgent movement must create a politically relevant identity; it must espouse a cause that is popular beyond the group; it must gain dominance over rival organizations; and it must find a sanctuary that provides respite from police, intelligence, and military services. Violence is instrumental in all the tasks proto-insurgencies seek to accomplish. However, violence can also backfire on them, since few people support it. Support from outside states offers numerous advantages to groups seeking to become insurgencies. It can provide safe haven, money, training, and help with political mobilization. It can also help groups overcome logistical difficulties, hinder intelligence-gathering against them, and legitimize them, making government delegitimization efforts almost impossible. Outside states, however, often deliberately try to control or even weaken the group and at times can reduce its political popularity. The reaction of the state is often the most important factor in a movement's overall success. Perhaps the best and most efficient way to prevent proto-insurgents from gaining ground is through in-group policing, since groups know their own members and can enable arrests or other forms of pressure. The government can also promote rival identities. Governments must, however, recognize the proto-insurgents' weaknesses and avoid overreaction that may inadvertently strengthen them. The most obvious action for the United States is to anticipate the possibility of an insurgency developing before it materializes. It can also provide behind-the-scenes training and advisory programs and can help inhibit outside support
    Abstract: To gain the size and capabilities of an insurgency, a would-be insurgent movement must create a politically relevant identity; it must espouse a cause that is popular beyond the group; it must gain dominance over rival organizations; and it must find a sanctuary that provides respite from police, intelligence, and military services. Violence is instrumental in all the tasks proto-insurgencies seek to accomplish. However, violence can also backfire on them, since few people support it. Support from outside states offers numerous advantages to groups seeking to become insurgencies. It can provide safe haven, money, training, and help with political mobilization. It can also help groups overcome logistical difficulties, hinder intelligence-gathering against them, and legitimize them, making government delegitimization efforts almost impossible. Outside states, however, often deliberately try to control or even weaken the group and at times can reduce its political popularity. The reaction of the state is often the most important factor in a movement's overall success. Perhaps the best and most efficient way to prevent proto-insurgents from gaining ground is through in-group policing, since groups know their own members and can enable arrests or other forms of pressure. The government can also promote rival identities. Governments must, however, recognize the proto-insurgents' weaknesses and avoid overreaction that may inadvertently strengthen them. The most obvious action for the United States is to anticipate the possibility of an insurgency developing before it materializes. It can also provide behind-the-scenes training and advisory programs and can help inhibit outside support
    Note: "RAND National Defense Research Institute , "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references
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  • 100
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    The thin green line : an assessment of DoD's Readiness and Environmental Protection Initiative to buffer installation encroachment (2007)
    Santa Monica, Calif : RAND Corp
    Details
    ISBN: 9780833041722 , 0833044508 , 9781282081611 , 1282081616 , 9780833044501 , 083304172X
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxx, 223 pages)
    Parallel Title: Print version Lachman, Beth E., 1960- Thin green line
    Keywords: Military bases Environmental aspects ; Military bases ; Armed Forces ; Environmental aspects ; Military bases ; Environmental aspects ; Environmental Engineering ; Civil & Environmental Engineering ; Engineering & Applied Sciences ; United States ; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING ; Military Science ; HISTORY ; Military ; Other ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Public Policy ; Environmental Policy ; United States Armed Forces ; Environmental aspects ; United States ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Over the past few decades, military installations have experienced diminishing open space near their borders from suburban sprawl and other developments. Such encroachment pressures limit the ability to conduct mission-essential testing and training. Such development can also destroy or displace native plant and animal species, the result being that military installations become islands of refuge for threatened and endangered species, which can also restrict an installation's operations. In 2003, DoD created the Readiness and Environmental Protection Initiative (REPI) to help address such encroachment pressures. The REPI program helps installations implement compatible land use partnering projects with state and local governments and non-governmental organizations to protect non-military land, which helps relieve installation encroachment pressures. In this monograph, RAND researchers assessed the effectiveness of the REPI projects. The authors also identify the main causes of encroachment; detail the benefits, both to the military and local communities, of buffering areas near installations with REPI projects; and provide recommendations for how to improve REPI's effectiveness
    Abstract: Over the past few decades, military installations have experienced diminishing open space near their borders from suburban sprawl and other developments. Such encroachment pressures limit the ability to conduct mission-essential testing and training. Such development can also destroy or displace native plant and animal species, the result being that military installations become islands of refuge for threatened and endangered species, which can also restrict an installation's operations. In 2003, DoD created the Readiness and Environmental Protection Initiative (REPI) to help address such encroachment pressures. The REPI program helps installations implement compatible land use partnering projects with state and local governments and non-governmental organizations to protect non-military land, which helps relieve installation encroachment pressures. In this monograph, RAND researchers assessed the effectiveness of the REPI projects. The authors also identify the main causes of encroachment; detail the benefits, both to the military and local communities, of buffering areas near installations with REPI projects; and provide recommendations for how to improve REPI's effectiveness
    Note: "Prepared for the Office of the Secretary of Defense , Includes bibliographical references and appendices
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