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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Change in Personal Culture over the Life Course (2023)
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  American sociological review 88,2023,2, Seiten 220-251
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-1224 , 0003-1224
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (32 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: American sociological review
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks, Calif. : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 88,2023,2, Seiten 220-251
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: cultural change ; life course ; panel data ; attitudes ; mixed-effects models ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Prior literature finds stability in personal culture, such as attitudes and values, in individuals’ life courses using short-running panel data. This work has concluded that lasting change in personal culture is rare after formative early years. This conclusion conflicts with a growing body of evidence for changes in personal culture after significant life course transitions, drawing on long-running panel data. To integrate these conflicting findings, the current study develops and applies a life course adaption model of personal culture, accounting for early imprinting and the continued possibility for change. Drawing on rich data from six long-running panel studies from five countries (BHPS, HILDA, PSID, SHP, SOEP, UKHLS) and 428 measures of personal culture, I test the theoretical expectations using mixed-effects modeling and an individual participant data meta-analysis. Results support the life course adaption model. Although lasting, non-transitory, within-individual changes in personal culture are relatively small compared to stable between-individual differences, I find strong support for the proposition that individuals change persistently in their personal culture as they move through the life course. These changes are partly dependent on prior biographical experiences. Finally, personal culture fluctuates substantially from year to year. Change in personal culture is increasingly varied for younger birth cohorts.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    DOI: 10.1177/00031224231156456
    DOI: 10.18452/26584
    URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/27281-2
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wealth in Couples: Introduction to the Special Issue (2022)
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  38,4, Seiten 623-641
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten)
    Publ. der Quelle: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V.
    Angaben zur Quelle: 38,4, Seiten 623-641
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: Wealth ; Couples ; Life course ; Gender ; Inequality ; Partners ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Sammlungen allgemeiner Statistiken
    Abstract: The assumption that economic resources are equally shared within households has been found to be untenable for income but is still often upheld for wealth. In this introduction to the special issue “Wealth in Couples”, we argue that within-household inequality in wealth is a pertinent and under-researched area that is ripe for development. To this end, we outline the relevance of wealth for demographic research, making the distinction between individual and household wealth. Drawing on a life-course perspective, we discuss individual wealth accumulation within couples and its links to family-demographic processes, the institutional context, and norms on pooling and sharing. We conclude with a brief summary of the main findings from the special issue and highlight implications for demographic research and for future research in this field.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    DOI: 10.18452/28436
    DOI: 10.1007/s10680-022-09640-5
    URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/29067-1
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    The Variability of Occupational Attainment: How Prestige Trajectories Diversified within Birth Cohorts over the Twentieth Century (2020)
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  American sociological review 85,2020,6, Seiten 1084-1116
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-1224 , 0003-1224
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (33 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: American sociological review
    Publ. der Quelle: Thousand Oaks : Sage
    Angaben zur Quelle: 85,2020,6, Seiten 1084-1116
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: employment ; heteroscedasticity ; life course ; mixed-effects models ; social mobility ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: This study develops and applies a framework for analyzing variability in individuals’ occupational prestige trajectories and changes in average variability between birth cohorts. It extends previous literature focused on typical patterns of intragenerational mobility over the life course to more fully examine intracohort differentiation. Analyses are based on rich life course data for men and women in West Germany born between 1919 and 1979 from the German Life History Study and the German National Educational Panel Study (N = 16,854 individuals). Mixed-effects growth-curve models with heterogeneous variance components are applied. Results show that birth cohorts systematically differ in their variability; cohorts who entered the labor market in the late 1950s and 1960s and experienced mostly closed employment relations have exceptionally homogenous trajectories. Earlier and later cohorts, who experienced more open employment relations, are more heterogeneous in their trajectories. Cohorts with higher variability at labor market entry are characterized by persistently strong intracohort differentiation. Women’s variability within employment is similar to men’s but markedly increases once employment interruptions are considered.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    DOI: 10.1177/0003122420966324
    DOI: 10.18452/23636
    URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/24302-0
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Gender and Changes in Household Wealth after the Dissolution of Marriage and Cohabitation in Germany (2020)
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Journal of marriage and family 83,2020,1, Seiten 228-242
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of marriage and family
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angaben zur Quelle: 83,2020,1, Seiten 228-242
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: divorce ; economic well‐being ; gender ; inequalities ; separation ; Sozialwissenschaften
    Abstract: Objective To document how changes in household wealth following the dissolution of marriage and cohabitation differ by gender in Germany. Background Marital property regimes usually prescribe that both partners receive a share of the couple's wealth following a divorce. The dissolution of cohabiting unions is not governed by marital property regimes in most countries, including Germany. Because men, on average, legally own a larger share of couple wealth than women, gender differences in household wealth might be more pronounced following the dissolution of cohabitation as compared to marriage. Method The analysis consists of individual fixed effects regression models using longitudinal data from the German socio-economic panel (N = 18,131 individuals) for the years 2002 to 2017. Results The dissolution of marriage is negatively related to the accumulation of wealth over time and effect sizes are similar for men and women. The dissolution of cohabiting unions is related to losses in wealth for women but not for men. Models accounting for various postdissolution factors suggest that an unequal division of household wealth produces these gender differences after the dissolution of cohabitation. Conclusion Whereas the dissolution of marriage lowers household wealth for men and women alike, there are gender differences in how the dissolution of cohabiting unions affects the accumulation of wealth. Union dissolution therefore has the potential to contribute to gender inequality in household wealth.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12705
    DOI: 10.18452/23608
    URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/24265-7
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Distributive Justice in Marriage: Experimental Evidence on Beliefs about Fair Savings Arrangements (2020)
    Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
    In:  Journal of marriage and family 83,2020,2, Seiten 516-533
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 Seiten)
    Titel der Quelle: Journal of marriage and family
    Publ. der Quelle: Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angaben zur Quelle: 83,2020,2, Seiten 516-533
    DDC: 300
    Keywords: family dynamics ; family economics ; family resource management ; gender ; inequalities ; marriage ; Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
    Abstract: Objective This study examines fairness perceptions of experimentally manipulated savings arrangements in couples (i.e., distribution of control and ownership of savings) to identify distributive justice principles in marriage. Background Theoretically, competing norms about individual ownership rights and autonomy (equity principle) and marital sharing (equality principle) in interaction with gender ideology (entitlement principle) may explain how individuals perceive the fairness of different savings arrangements, but these explanations have not been tested against each other yet. Method In a nationally representative factorial survey experiment, implemented in the German GESIS Panel, 3,948 respondents evaluated the fairness of randomly presented savings arrangements (N = 19,648 evaluations). Results Respondents rated equal control as more important than equal ownership to establish fairness in marriage. The ownership of savings does not seem to be directly linked to control, providing evidence against the equity principle. Inequality in ownership is rated fairer if it is in favor of the husband, whereas inequality in control is rated fairer if it is in favor of the wife. This suggests that gender is an ascriptive characteristic according to which resources should be allocated (entitlement principle). Conclusion The results indicate that the ideal of marital sharing is widespread, but is rather accomplished by equal control than by equal ownership. Individuals' fairness perceptions of inequality in marriage are gendered, that is, depend on whom inequality favors.
    Abstract: Peer Reviewed
    DOI: 10.18452/23720
    URN: urn:nbn:de:kobv:11-110-18452/24374-3
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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