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  • Undetermined  (2)
  • Beath, Andrew  (1)
  • Murgai, Rinku  (1)
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (2)
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  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank  (2)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The National Solidarity Program : Assessing the Effects of Community-Driven Development in Afghanistan (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (18 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Beath, Andrew The National Solidarity Program: Assessing the Effects of Community-Driven Development in Afghanistan
    Abstract: Over the past two decades, community-based approaches to project delivery have become a popular means for governments and development agencies to improve the alignment of projects with the needs of rural communities and increase the participation of villagers in project design and implementation. This paper briefly summarizes the results of an impact evaluation of the National Solidarity Program, a community-driven development program in Afghanistan that created democratically elected community development councils and funded small-scale development projects. Using a randomized controlled trial across 500 villages, the evaluation finds that the National Solidarity Program had a positive effect on access to drinking water and electricity, acceptance of democratic processes, perceptions of economic wellbeing, and attitudes toward women. Effects on perceptions of local and national government performance and material economic outcomes were, however, more limited or short-lived
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7415
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Job Opportunities along the Rural-Urban Gradation and Female Labor Force Participation in India (2015)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (39 p)
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Chatterjee, Urmila Job Opportunities along the Rural-Urban Gradation and Female Labor Force Participation in India
    Abstract: The recent decline in India's rural female labor force participation is generally attributed to higher rural incomes in a patriarchal society. Together with the growing share of the urban population, where female participation rates are lower, this alleged income effect does not bode well for the empowerment of women as India develops. This paper argues that a traditional supply-side interpretation is insufficient to account for the decline in female participation rates, and the transformation of the demand for labor at local levels needs to be taken into account as well. A salient trait of this period is the collapse in the number of farming jobs without a parallel emergence of other employment opportunities considered suitable for women. The paper develops a novel approach to capture the structure of employment at the village or town level, and allow for differences along six ranks in the rural-urban gradation. It also considers the possible misclassification of urban areas as rural, as a result of household surveys lagging behind India's rapid urbanization process. The results show that the place of residence along the rural-urban gradation loses relevance as an explanation of female labor force participation once local job opportunities are taken into account. Robustness checks confirm that the main findings hold even when taking into account the possibility of spurious correlation and endogeneity. They also hold under alternative definitions of labor force participation and when sub-samples of women are considered. Simulations suggest that for India to reverse the decline in female labor force participation rates it needs to boost job creation
    DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7412
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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