Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 2015-2019  (422)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1930-1934
  • 2018  (422)
  • World Bank Group  (422)
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
  • 2015-2019  (422)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1930-1934
Year
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : World Bank
    ISBN: 1464811628 , 9781464811623
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxxiv, 299 pages) , color illustrations, color maps , 27 cm
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 327.2
    Keywords: International cooperation ; Security, International ; Political violence ; Security, International ; Sustainable development
    Abstract: Introduction. Prevention of violent conflict works and is cost-effective ; Why, then, is there so little belief in the prevention of violent conflict? ; What is the prevention of violent conflict? ; Can prevention of violent conflict be done differently? ; The importance of agency to prevention -- A surge and expansion of violent conflict. Violent conflict in the twenty-first century ; Understanding trends in violent conflict ; The unacceptable costs of violent conflict ; How violent conflicts end -- The need for prevention in an interdependent world. An international system in search of a new equilibrium ; Risk and opportunity in an increasingly connected world -- Pathways for peace. A framework for peaceful pathways ; Path dependency of violence ; The centrality of actors ; Understanding risk and opportunity ; Prevention and sustaining peace : building peaceful pathways ; Scenarios for pathways to peace or violence -- Why people fight : inequality, exclusion, and a sense of injustice. Inequality and violent conflict ; The multiple and intersecting dimensions of exclusion ; Exclusion, identity, grievances, and mobilization to violence -- What people fight over : arenas of contestation. Risk and opportunity in the arenas of contestation ; The arena of power and governance ; The arena of land and natural resources ; The arena of service delivery ; The arena of security and justice -- Country approaches to preventing violent conflict. Navigating transition moments ; Changing actors' incentives ; Addressing institutional weaknesses ; Investing in structural factors -- The international architecture for prevention. Systemic prevention ; Regional action ; International tools for prevention ; International development assistance ; Areas of convergence between diplomatic, security, and development instruments -- Pursuing pathways for peace : recommendations for building inclusive approaches for prevention. Principles for prevention ; An agenda for action : prevention in practice ; Organizing for prevention ; A call for action -- Appendix A: Thematic papers and case studies.
    Abstract: "The case for prevention of violent conflict has never been stronger. After declining steadily for decades, violent conflict has increased dramatically since 2010. Battle-related deaths, refugee numbers, and terrorist incidents have all reached historic highs, resulting in ever increasing peacekeeping budgets. This escalation in violent conflict has renewed the commitment to addressing the risk of violence early on, and in a coordinated way. More countries are affected by violent conflict today than at any time in the past 30 years. This includes middle-income countries, where over 70 percent of conflicts take place today. In 2016, 80 percent of battle-related deaths were due to 7 to 8 conflicts. However, lower intensity violence taking place in several countries also took a huge toll on societies and economies. By 2030, more than half of the world's poor will be in countries affected by high levels of violence. [This book] reaffirms that prevention is universal, takes time to accomplish, and is part and parcel of economic and social development. Prevention fosters inclusive societies where people have opportunity and can live without the fear of long-term violence. This report is a first step in working jointly to address the immense challenge of preventing violent conflict. It also explores concrete ways that countries and the international community can combine tools and approaches to reduce violent conflict. This in turn will contribute to reduce the immense suffering and devastating long-term impacts that violent conflict inflicts on societies."--
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Abstract: In September 2017, Ghana's economy expanded for the fifth successive quarter by 9.3 percent compared to just 4.3 percent in September 2016. This reflects continued high levels of growth in the industry sector, driven by mining and petroleum. Oil production rose by 16.6 percent compared with a contraction of 11.2 percent for the similar period of 2016, as production increased in all existing oil fields and some new production came online. For instance, the Jubilee Fields increased production with the resolution of technical difficulties that arose in March 2016; and new production came online in the Offshore Cape Three Points (OCTP) Fields
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Education Study
    Abstract: This report is part of the World Bank's Malaysia development experience series that strives to document the country's approach to improving public sector performance. The report builds on the previous installment in the same series that focused on Malaysia's experience with driving performance from the center of government through the Prime Minister's Management Delivery Unit (PEMANDU). The more drastic overhaul of the sector was envisioned to come from the application of the DU approach to transforming sector performance. This report describes how the DU method worked in both the design and implementation stages of literacy and numeracy screening (LINUS). This includes the interface between Ministry of Education (MOE) and PEMANDU, as well as PEMANDU and Education Performance and Delivery Unit (PADU). The core of the document focuses on implementation details: the institutions, leadership, and incentives that contributed to the program's success. It also describes how the implementation agencies worked together to implement LINUS
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Abstract: GDP growth in the Western Balkans slowed from 3.1 percent in 2016 to an estimated 2.4 percent in 2017. Regional growth in 2017 is less optimistic than the 2.6 percent expected when the Fall issue of this report was published. It slowed in Serbia due to a harsh winter and stalled in FYR Macedonia, where the political crisis deterred both public and private investment. Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) grew at a rate like the last two years. The dynamism of the smaller economies of Albania, Kosovo, and Montenegro drove regional growth in 2017, with support from higher growth in trading partners, a pickup in commodity prices, and the execution of large investment projects. Bold structural reforms are necessary if the region is to grow sustainably over the medium term. Regional GDP growth is projected to rise from 2.4 percent in 2017 to 3.2 percent in 2018 and 3.5 percent in 2019. Countries are expected to grow faster, pushed up by projected stronger growth in Europe, except for Albania, where moderation is expected as large investment projects are completed, and Montenegro, which is expected to undergo a much-needed fiscal consolidation. Among risks to the outlook are trade protectionism, normalization of interest rates globally, and low potential growth and uncertainty about domestic policy or policy reversals. These risks can be mitigated by rationalizing spending to build fiscal space for growth-enhancing reforms, and by a more strategic approach to boost competitiveness. Policies to lift physical and human capital, expand labor force participation, and improve market institutions should help raise growth potential and reduce inequality
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Abstract: The World Bank Economic Update provides an overview of recent economic and social developments and policies in China. Economic activity in China remains resilient, with GDP growing by 6.9 percent in 2017 and 6.8 percent year on year (yoy) in the first quarter of 2018. Consumption continues to drive growth, while net exports, which led the growth acceleration in 2017, were not a source of growth in Q1 2018. From the production perspective, 'new economy' sectors are becoming a more prominent source of growth. Despite their small GDP share, software and IT services are rising at double-digit rates and contributed 1.1 percentage points to growth in Q1 2018
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Financial Sector Assessment Program
    Abstract: This assessment of the implementation of the BCP in India has been completed as part of the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP), which has been undertaken by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) in 2017, at the request of the Indian authorities. The scope of the assessment is the scheduled commercial banks, and the assessment reflects the regulatory and supervisory framework in place as of the completion of the assessment. It is not intended to analyze the state of the banking sector or crisis management framework, which are addressed by other assessments conducted in this FSAP
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Abstract: This study has three main objectives. First, it aims to assess the impact of tobacco excise tax increases over 2012-14 on prices, consumption levels, and tax revenues in Senegal, as well as the response by tobacco companies to such increases. Second, the report models the potential impact of two scenarios involving future excise tax increases on tobacco products in Senegal, and considers alterations in the structure of tobacco excise taxation. Finally, it offers policy options to government authorities
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Abstract: This report provides a baseline analysis of the status of access to finance for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) with a particular focus on women entrepreneur' ability and constraints in accessing finance in order to develop and grow their businesses. It is based on a nationally representative survey of 542 enterprises conducted in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) between September 2016 and February 2017. The survey is a continuation of the ongoing work on access to finance and builds upon an earlier supply-side study conducted by the World Bank during the 2014 IMF/World Bank Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) Update, as well as on lessons learned from the BiH Enhancing SME Access to Finance Project. The objective of the survey is to further analyze the demand side constraints to private sector growth and enterprise performance related to or arising from lack of access to finance. The survey has the specific aim to determine the level of women entrepreneurs' ability and constraints in accessing finance in order to develop and grow their businesses
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Poverty Study
    Abstract: This summary report presents the findings of the Bangladesh WASH Poverty Diagnostic (BWPD) study led by the World Bank's Water and Poverty Global Practices. Though very few Bangladeshis now fetch water from rivers or defecate in fields, the vast majority still live in environments plagued by inadequate water supply, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) that hinder the country's overall development. BWPD is a data-driven exercise with an objective to highlight the key inadequacies in WASH service delivery and guide country and sector priorities for maximum impact during the Sustainable Development Goal era. BWPD gives a snapshot of the quality and inequality of WASH access by generating statistics from numerous datasets. BWPD also attempts to show the implications of these numbers on human development and poverty reduction. A large portion of the work is dedicated to presenting stylized facts on the synergies between different dimensions of WASH and human development outcomes such as in health, nutrition, and education. Further, the generated numbers should help government and other stakeholders identify gaps in service delivery and ask questions on why these gaps exist. The final portion of this study begins a discussion on the institutional challenges that could be inhibiting high-quality service delivery. The report concludes by offering recommendations for moving Bangladesh's WASH sector forward
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Country Financial Accountability Assessment
    Abstract: Performance based budgeting (PBB) has been a popular reform among ministries of finance across the world, accompanied by high expectations for its ability to transform national budget processes. PBB offers the hope of a more evidence-based rationale for making budget decisions across an array of competing policy and program areas. It offers a framework for linking medium-term national strategies with the annual budget process, while the program logic structure gives a more transparent view of the activities being undertaken than a traditional line item budget does. Ultimately, PBB holds out the allure of providing incentives for improved public service delivery. Despite significant time and effort devoted to PBB implementation, the experience of many countries is rather mixed. This report explores some of Malaysia's successes and challenges in implementing PBB in recent years, the rationale for undertaking the reform, and how Malaysia's experience with PBB compares with that of other countries
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Water Papers
    Abstract: This report presents the activities and outcomes to date of the global initiative on remote sensing for water resources management phase two. The Initiative was conceived to help mainstream the use of beneficial remote sensing applications in operational projects of the Bank, as well as to facilitate the adoption of remote sensing applications in World Bank client countries. By bridging the gap between the supply of remote sensing data and the needs from the Bank's operational projects, Earth Observations can better inform client country agencies by improving monitoring and predictive capabilities and supporting better water-related operations. This report is addressed to technical staff in national water agencies, project leads from development and financing institutions, and water practitioners in general. The goal of the report is to present insights from a range of innovative remote sensing applications developed within the Remote Sensing Initiative, to help address specific water resources management challenges. The results presented here include constraints identified in the adoption of remote sensing, the approaches adopted to make applications functional in different contexts, the project applications themselves, insights on their sustainability, and ways forward. These applications can be replicated, up-scaled, and adapted in many other contexts to address similar challenges. We hope the information contained in this report will help country agencies and project teams in integrating the use of remote sensing in their water resources management practices, as well as in project design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Poverty Study
    Abstract: Mauritius is often cited ...
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Poverty Study
    Abstract: Poverty rates in Guatemala are among the highest in Latin America and the Caribbean, and Guatemala is now the second poorest country in the region, with only post-earthquake Haiti being poorer. Guatemala is an extreme outlier in the region in terms of chronic malnutrition, and almost half of all children in the country suffer from stunting. This report is part of a global initiative to improve the evidence base on the linkages between water supply, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), human development, and poverty and seeks to understand this paradigm through a careful examination of trends in access to water and sanitation and in corresponding linkages to poverty and health. It also reviews the governance structure and expenditure plans underpinning service delivery in WASH sectors in Guatemala. Finally, the report the challenges facing the water and sanitation sector in Guatemala are significant and will require, among other things, stronger political leadership to successfully reform and regulate the sector, greater focus on rural sanitation, and increased spending and budget execution. One of the key elements of this diagnostics is highlight what conditions led to a struggling WASH sector, particularly in rural areas. Despite a steep increase in water and sanitation coverage in the last 15 years, sanitation coverage is falling far behind drinking water coverage, with the lowest levels of coverage in rural areas affecting predominantly indigenous populations
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Abstract: The Illegal Wildlife Trade (IWT) has reached an unprecedented scale, in part due to increasing demand from consumers. It is widely recognized that this criminality threatens peace, security, livelihoods, and biodiversity. The illegal trafficking in protected fauna and flora generates significant profits. IWT occurs globally and involves a multitude of species both iconic and lesser known. The response to IWT is multifaceted. It involves multiple national actors and agencies, numerous intergovernmental organizations (IGO) and national and international nongovernmental organizations (NGO), across borders and jurisdictions. This report provides an overview of the key types of tools and resources available to officials in the criminal justice system for combating IWT, and provides examples of prominent tools and resources, where appropriate. It describes both publicly-available and restricted tools
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Abstract: This report is based on a study of the costs and savings of retail payments in Albania using a methodology (A Practical Guide for Measuring Retail Payment Costs) developed by the World Bank's Payment Systems Development Group, part of the Financial Inclusion, Infrastructure, and Access at the Finance, Competitiveness, and Innovation Global Practice. By applying this methodology to Albania, the study aims to establish a sound economic baseline for the national retail payments system in terms of costs of different payment instruments to better guide system development and enable high-impact changes. Moreover, the methodology allows for the development of substitution scenarios (from more costly to less costly retail payment instrument) and the resulting cost savings. It is designed based on four main principles: applicability, comparability, efficiency, and standardization and can be adapted to country-specific circumstances without losing its comparative nature, across time and across countries
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER)
    Abstract: All high-performing education systems fulfil these eight teacher policy goals to a certain extent in order to ensure that every classroom has a motivated, supported and competent teacher. These goals were identified through a review of research studies on teacher policies, as well as an analysis of policies of top-performing and rapidly improving education systems. Three criteria were used to identify the teacher policy goals, which had to be: (1) linked to student performance through empirical evidence; (2) a priority for resource allocation; and (3) actionable, meaning they identify actions that governments can take to improve the education policy. The eight teacher policy goals exclude other objectives that countries might wish to pursue to increase the effectiveness of their teachers, but on which there is too little empirical evidence at present to allow for specific policy recommendations
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Since its adoption in December 2015 by the 21st Conference of Parties (COP21), within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), 175 countries to date have ratified the Paris Agreement. These countries have made commitments Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), in some cases contingent on financing by developed countries, to limit or reduce their Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through a variety of measures including more significant deployment of renewable power, energy efficiency, land-use controls such as conservation of forests and grasslands, carbon pricing, and other measures compatible with each country's national circumstances and capabilities. Even with full ratification of the Agreement by all 197 signatories, the aggregate effect is projected only to slow the rate of GHG emissions growth from the 24 percent increase, between 1990 and 2010, to an anticipated increase between 2010 and 2030 of between 11 and 23 percent. To foster higher ambition and sustainable development, and also encourage large-scale financing towards the most effective mitigation measures, Article 6 of the Agreement recognizes that countries may engage in cooperative approaches, including the use of internationally transferred mitigation outcomes (ITMOs) towards their individual NDC. In this new, complex and diverse environment, this paper aims to examine emerging digital technologies and architectures that could be used to enhance and connect the heterogeneous climate actions across countries, thereby supporting post-2020 climate markets that facilitate the most cost-effective achievement of the highest possible ambition. Given the speed with which information technology, system architectures, domestic policy, and other relevant elements are developing, the roadmap laid out in this paper will likely continue to evolve significantly over the next few years
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Abstract: Southern Africa has a long history of human mobility centered around the migration of labor to farms and mines in the region. Patterns of migration and displacement have since been transformed by the end of Apartheid, changing economic systems, and conflict and political instability, both in the region and elsewhere. Today mobility in the region is motivated by a combination of diverse social, political and economic reasons; shaped by long-standing historical movements and re-shaped by newer patterns of urbanization and displacement; organized through various legal and extra-legal means and governed by fragmented and contradictory legal frameworks. These complex patterns of migration and displacement, state responses to them, and the implications of mobility for job outcomes in South Africa - as the major destination country in the region - are the subject matter of this study. Our quantitative analysis on the impact of immigration on local jobs in South Africa finds that one immigrant worker generates approximately two jobs for South Africans during the period analyzed (1996 and 2011). These results and the substantiations provided in this publication are significant for policy makers and development actors in South Africa and the wider region, and as such, their implications should be seriously considered
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systematic Country Diagnostics
    Abstract: Guinea is a country with a rich historical legacy, abundant natural resources, a privileged geographical location - and a rapidly growing population. A successful political transition and the emergence of a vibrant civil society have helped to ensure ethnic peace and the absence of civil wars in the middle of a rather conflict-ridden region. The country faces severe challenges in translating its assets and opportunities into higher incomes for its citizenry. Economic growth has been too weak and volatile to contribute to poverty reduction on a sustained basis. This systematic country diagnostic (SCD) posits that two critical factors have affected Guinea's development path since its independence in 1958. First, the country endured two long-lived authoritarian regimes and political instability before the inception of democracy in 2010. Such a legacy of attendant poor economic governance led to mismanagement of natural resources, institutional fragmentation of the government, a weak social contract and rule of law, and low and ineffective public investment. Second, the structure of the economy remains dependent on the primary sectors - agriculture and mining - lacking diversification in its sources of growth
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Abstract: The Sahel is experiencing rapid and disorderly urbanization. The capital cities of Bamako, Conakry, and Niamey dominate the urban landscape in their respective countries. In each of these three countries, the economic importance of the capital city is enormous. For instance, Bamako represents about 34 percent of gross domestic product (GDP), whereas Conakry and Niamey each represent about 27 percent of GDP in their respective countries. Furthermore, as their populations are increasing at a faster rate than anywhere else in the world, the attendant youth bulge could turn into either a demographic dividend, whereby cities take advantage of a temporary boom in the working age population to productively employ young people, or a demographic disaster, accompanied by urban instability if cities do not meet these aspirations
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Abstract: This note is part of a series of notes that explore new trends and developments in Fintech and analyze their potential relevance for WBG activities. The note discusses how new technology can make insurance more inclusive and hold the potential to overcome barriers to inclusive insurance when suitably transferred to emerging countries
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Social Analysis
    Abstract: This paper is the first joint country study conducted by the United Nations and the World Bank aimed at translating into practice the principles of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 2250, through direct and local engagement with young people and their communities in one of the most fragile and conflict-ridden areas on the African continent. Focusing on young people is particularly meaningful as Somalia's population is the youngest of the African continent overall. Against a backdrop of continued conflict, insecurity, and violent extremism facing Somalia, the study offers a positive vision for defining peace as articulated by young women and men. It concludes by offering an operational framework for supporting youth in peacebuilding. The report's recommendations postulate a comprehensive understanding of youth, peace, and conflict going beyond solutions based solely on increased employment
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Abstract: The report is the result of detailed research and consultation, which included review of literature, original analysis of fisheries data, and extensive meetings with people from the Federal Government, Provincial Governments, the private sector, and non-government and international organizations. Consultations were roughly evenly divided across capture fisheries, culture fisheries, and cross-cutting issues. The findings are organized in four remaining sections: part two provides an overview of the current state of fisheries in Pakistan. Information on fisheries' contribution to the economy, production trends, and fishing practices for marine, inland, and aquaculture is presented. Part two also provides an overview of the existing fisheries governance arrangements including current policy and legal framework and institutional arrangements. Part three provides an analysis of the potential benefits that could be realized through a revitalization of Pakistan's fishery sector. Part four gives an analysis of the challenges to realizing these benefits. Part five describes specific activities necessary to overcome the challenges identified in part four. It provides recommendations within five themes: (1) creating an enabling environment for growth, (2) managing marine capture fisheries for long-term sustainability, (3) ensuring sustainable inland capture fisheries, (4) supporting the development of an environmentally sensitive aquaculture industry, and (5) optimizing the benefits of a productive fisheries sector for social goals
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Law and Justice Study
    Abstract: In an effort to help the Montenegrin Government in its efforts to implement reforms andmodernization of the judiciary, the World Bank conducted a survey dealing with the perception of the judiciary through five basic dimensions - efficiency, quality, fairness, accessibility, and integrity (independence of the judiciary and the presence of corruption). The survey also deals with comparison of perceptions of the work of the judiciary by various stakeholders: users of court services (general population and business sector), providers of court services (judges, prosecutors, and court administration) and lawyers as intermediaries between users and providers of court services
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systematic Country Diagnostics
    Abstract: The Dominican Republic could sustain a strong economic performance in the medium-term, but there are many pending key challenges to become a high-income and more equitable society by 2030. Although growth rates for the DR are projected to be around 5 percent for 2018-2020, the country faces structural challenges to fostering a more dynamic private sector that can create better jobs and ensure social inclusion. This SCD identifies five key and interrelated challenges which the DR needs to overcome to achieve a more inclusive and sustainable growth
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Abstract: Papua New Guinea (PNG) has seen some improvements in health indicators over the past 25 years, but the pace of improvements is not as robust as expected. A better understanding of service delivery is critical to help PNG achieve the goals set in the PNG National Health Plan (2011-2020) and accelerate improvements in health outcomes. In this context, a primary survey was conducted at all secondary (levels 5 and 6), tertiary (level 7), and a random selection of functional upper-primary-level health facilities (levels 3 and 4). The report analyzes whether primary and secondary health care facilities in PNG have an adequate level of resources, both human resources and other material inputs, to deliver quality health care services and to determine whether the inputs are combined in an efficient manner to produce health care services
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Abstract: Indonesia has one of the highest rates of cigarette consumption in the world. Tobacco use heavily burdens population health, undermines the quest for universal health coverage, and inflicts heavy direct and indirect economic costs. Higher tobacco taxes to increase cigarette prices contribute to reducing tobacco consumption and hence tobacco-related disease and death, while increasing public resources for development. The Indonesian government has recently raised tobacco tax rates. This strategy has brought initial gains and should be aggressively ramped up. By raising tobacco taxes toward WHO-recommended levels (at least 70 percent of retail price) and streamlining its tobacco excise tax structure, Indonesia can rapidly cut smoking rates, save many lives, and boost government revenue. Such policies would contribute to realizing Indonesia's demographic dividend by keeping people healthy
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Infrastructure Study
    Abstract: Globally, up to 1.4 million people are moving into urban areas per week, and estimates indicate that nearly 1 billion new dwelling units will be built by 2050 to support this growing population. The way we build our cities today directly impacts the safety of future generations. Building code and regulation have proven to be cost-effective tools to promote healthy, safe sand resilient cities. Japan's effective use of building regulations to reduce risk is a compelling success story and provides a number of relevant lessons for low- and middle-income countries. Japan has proven that effective disaster risk reduction is possible, even in the face of highly destructive disasters. Among other measures, its building regulations have played a crucial role
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: A national financial inclusion strategy (NFIS) can provide an effective instrument to chart a clear and coordinated path toward improving financial inclusion. An NFIS enables stakeholders to jointly define financial inclusion objectives, identify obstacles and opportunities relevant to the achievement of those objectives, and outline a prioritized set of actions to pursue in a coordinated manner. This toolkit provides financial sector authorities and other stakeholders with practical guidance on developing and operationalizing an NFIS. The toolkit covers three key areas: (i) the process of developing an NFIS, (ii) the key content of an NFIS document, and (iii) the operationalization of an NFIS. The toolkit includes detailed operational tips as well as country examples from over 20 countries. The toolkit is informed by the World Bank Group's experience as a technical partner in the development and implementation of NFISs in a diverse range of country contexts
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Abstract: In order to address the large and growing non-communicable disease (NCD) burden, Bangladesh's public health system needs to change and innovate. It needs to transition from a system designed for infectious disease and mother and child health to an integrated care system with focus on primary health care, out-patient and chronic care, as well as community health promotion. This reports presents findings from an NCD cascade analysis, using hypertension as a tracer condition and type-2 diabetes as a cost-driving NCD, in order to determine the continuum of care for chronic NCDs in Bangladesh. This is embedded in a review of the country's policy and health care delivery environment for NCDs and a benchmarking assessment against similar economies and regional comparator countries. In a second part, the report describes promising practices and models of NCD/chronic care in Bangladesh and elsewhere. Based on the evidence reviewed and analyses conducted, the report then provides conclusions and recommendations. These are meant to provide input into the dialogue on how to improve NCD integrated care and outcomes in Bangladesh. The support is provided within the World Bank's assistance to countries to strengthen NCD care through data-driven resource allocation and decision-making
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Institutional and Governance Review
    Abstract: The European Union's Cohesion Policy is its biggest investment instrument. It supports the Europe 2020 strategy of smart, sustainable, and inclusive growth. With a budget of EUROS 351.8 billion for 2014-2020, the Cohesion Policy accounts for around one-third of the EU budget. The Cohesion Policy is primarily implemented through investments in EU regions and cities. Local and regional governments in the EU are responsible for more than half of all public investment. There is a growing focus on the importance of good governance to ensure effective implementation. The European Commission's 6th Cohesion Policy report notes that governance problems not only delay the implementation of Cohesion Policy programs but also reduce the impact of these investments. The report states: 'a lower standard of governance can affect the impact of Cohesion Policy both directly and indirectly. In the first place, it can reduce expenditure if programs fail to invest all the funding available. Secondly, it can lead to a less coherent or appropriate strategy for a country or region. Thirdly, it may lead to lower quality projects being selected for funding or to the best projects not applying for support at all. Fourthly, it may result in a lower leverage effect because the private sector is less willing to co-finance investment.' The purpose of this report is to develop and test a set of actionable indicators for the regulatory frameworks of EU regions. Deregulatory measures focusing on 'fixing broken regulations' are a necessary and important element of investment climate reforms. However, gains from one-off initiatives aimed at cutting costs and procedures are often reversed if the responsible institutions, tools, and incentives are not changed
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Abstract: This study analyses the tax systems of five OECS countries (Antigua and Barbuda, Grenada, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines). Taxes on tobacco, and therefore cigarette prices, vary widely across the five countries, and smuggling and tax evasion are genuine risks. The study assesses two possible harmonization scenarios, to estimate the possible impact of tobacco tax policy measures on tobacco use, and at the same time to expand the fiscal capacity of OECS governments through the mobilization of domestic resources. The simulations are modelled using the harmonization policies adopted at the OECS treaty of Basseterre. Comparisons are also made with other customs unions to identify regional best practices
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Poverty Study
    Abstract: As part of the effort to understand the underlying multisectoral nature of improving nutrition outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa, stylized country specific analyses were carried out for the 33 countries in the study. The methodology used for the regional study was applied at the country level, and the results are offered as a starting point for understanding and evaluating the multisectoral dimensions of nutrition in specific country contexts. The briefs layout the prevalence of stunting and access to nutrition determinants in the country, for select subpopulations within the country, and regionally. Briefs provide a useful starting point for diving deeper into the interplay of multisectoral determinants and nutrition in a country, they are just that, a starting point
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Abstract: Romania has achieved impr ...
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Education Sector Review
    Abstract: The past thirty years of conflict and political unrest in Afghanistan has decimated the country's education system in terms of staffing, premises, curricula, and student attendance, for both male and female students. The education sector has been at the forefront of the political battles and conflicts between competing interest groups during the wars of resistance and ideological and ethnic conflicts that have plagued the country over the past few decades (Changing Profile of Education in Afghanistan, 2013). The changing political ideologies have taken a toll on the quality of education services and weakened governance. The current Government is committed to tackling issues of security, poverty reduction, governance and shared and inclusive growth. It sees service delivery as playing a dual role in Afghanistan: promoting social cohesion and trust in public institutions, while laying the foundation for job creation and growth. Within the context of increased fragility that Afghanistan has been experiencing, the current report aims to provide an up-to-date analysis of the country's education sector, including the use of public expenditures spanning over the past six years. Supported by recent administrative and household data and using the information from a primary survey of off-budget funding, the report provides more insights on key aspects of the education system performance and provides recommendations for reforms along the themes of outcomes and expenditures
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Abstract: This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for the period FY18 to FY23, draws on the World Bank Group's (WBG) 2017 Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) for Burkina Faso and feedback from in-country consultations with stakeholders. The SCD identified three top and seven second-tier priorities necessary to end extreme poverty and increase shared prosperity in Burkina Faso. These top priorities are: i) improving natural resource management; ii) promoting skills development, and iii) reducing gender bias against women. The second-tier priorities are: (i) building infrastructure to promote further local and regional integration; (ii) encouraging financial inclusion; (iii) increasing resilience through improved social protection to the poorest; (iv) ensuring fiscal efficiency and macroeconomic stability; (v) building up inclusive and transparent institutions; (vi) promoting competition and private sector development to stimulate efficiency and innovation; and (vii) managing urbanization with efficient urban centers. The SCD determined that the degree to which Burkina Faso achieves success will depend on its ability to facilitate economic transformation, expand the base of growth beyond the rapid expansion of the public sector, financed mainly by aid inflows and the booming mining sector - and share the positive impacts of economic growth with most citizens. This CPF follows the Burkina Faso Country Partnership Strategy (CPS) FY13-FY161 and builds on the Performance and Learning Review (PLR)2 completed in May 2015. This CPF recognizes the prevalent security context in the Sahel Region which suggests that traditional growth and poverty alleviation alone may not be sufficient to sustain peace and long-term stability in Burkina Faso. The wide range of Burkina Faso's economic and social challenges will not be covered by this CPF. Rather, the proposed set of analytical, financial and advisory services will seek to build on existing operations where the WBG has a comparative advantage and where its transformational impact is greatest. Use of new IDA18 instruments, such as the Scale-up Facility (SUF), the Private Sector Window (PSW) and the Refugee Window, will also be prioritized. Partnership and collaboration with other development partners and regional development organizations, meanwhile, will be nurtured
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Abstract: In Nigeria, health care is devolved to the states and primary health care (PHC) is the responsibility of the local governments, but existing budget and capacity constraints impact delivery for an effective health program. To respond to this concern, the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) developed a National Strategic Health Development Plan (NSHDP, 2010-2015) prioritizing strengthening of PHC services. A partnership must be formed between the various administrative levels (federal, state and local government authorities) to support an effective delivery of PHC services. The implementation of the NSHDP requires ensuring sustainable financing, efficient use of resources as well as accountability of expenditure, for a functioning and results-oriented delivery system, and especially at the PHC level
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Agricultural Study
    Abstract: There is a need to further examine and enhance knowledge concerning the relationship among El Nino and La Nina cycles, drought events, and grain production in the Russian Federation, Ukraine and Kazakhstan (RUK) region, which accounts for more than one third of total wheat exports. This report contributes to close this knowledge gap. A data-driven analysis is utilized to gain a better understanding of (a) the potential impact on grain production of droughts linked to the El Nino/La Nina phenomenon in RUK, (b) RUK governments' policy response to those events and how domestic and regional grain markets are affected, and (c) the implications for food security and poverty in the RUK region. The results from the analysis suggest that the RUK region's response to climatic events including droughts must change from reactive to preventive and predictive. It must also consider a broad range of interventions to manage risk. Emerging digital technologies offer unique predictive and diagnostic capabilities that can be coupled with climate-smart agriculture to improve resilience to El Nino and La Nina events
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Public Expenditure Review
    Abstract: In 2016, the Government of Bulgaria (GoB) decided to initiate spending reviews to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of its spending in the context of a moderate fiscal consolidation process. Though Bulgaria has one of the lowest overall spending in the European Union (EU), spending outcomes lag those of other EU member states. In the case of public order and safety, Bulgaria spends the most among comparable EU countries but outcomes are not satisfactory. Surveys show that citizens have low confidence on the effectiveness of police. Police and firefighters in turn, have said that their effectiveness is constrained by the condition of equipment, excessive time spent on paperwork, additional responsibilities imposed in the frequently changed legislation, and by curtailed staff benefits. To help address these challenges the Ministry of Finance (MoF) requested analytical and advisory support from the World Bank. Such support was intended to identify spending pressures and potential efficiency and effectiveness gains in policing and firefighting. In contrast to most spending reviews, where saving targets are identified upfront and the primary objective is to find ways of reducing the budget, the primary objective of this review is to increase performance and use any savings derived from efficiency gains for additional priority spending on policing and firefighting
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Abstract: Welcome to the June 2018 edition of the World Bank's Madagascar Economic Update, which reports on recent economic developments and presents our medium-term outlook. A special section of this Economic Update focuses on Financial Inclusion
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systematic Country Diagnostics
    Abstract: The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is a classic example of the paradox of plenty, since the country is extremely rich in natural resources while its population is extremely poor. It is the largest country in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) with a total surface area of about 234 million hectares (equivalent to the size of Western Europe). Poverty in the DRC remains pervasive, and greater than the SSA average. About two-thirds of the population lives below the poverty line. Chapter 2 of the systematic country diagnostic (SCD) shows that between 2005 and 2012 the proportion of people living below the poverty line declined from 69.3 percent to 64 percent, respectively. Demographic trends, reinforced by gender discrimination and lack of social policies, contributed to maintaining poverty at relatively high levels. The poor state of infrastructure is a major constraint on sustainable and inclusive growth in the country. The country's weak institutions failed to build the foundations of a resilient economy and absorb external shocks, hence exposing the society to cycles of violence and impoverishment. The report identifies five major emerging opportunities and priority areas where policy actions can provide quick wins and build cumulative and virtuous cycles to sustain inclusive growth and foster resilience and shared prosperity over the next decade: (1) building the resilience of the macroeconomic framework; (2) building inclusive institutions and strengthening governance; (3) leveraging natural resources, infrastructure, and agriculture; (4) building human capital; and (5) leveraging the private sector by effectively implementing investment climate reforms, and strengthening institutions that support markets
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systematic Country Diagnostics
    Abstract: Eastern Caribbean countries are among the region's top performers in per capita income, poverty reduction, access to services, and gender inclusion, despite the constraints imposed by their small size. Geography and economic specialization make them vulnerable to external shocks, contributing to low and volatile GDP growth since 2000. High debt, limited job opportunities, and climate change present important development challenges for OECS countries. Strengthening their resilience to shocks is a prerequisite for poverty reduction, inclusive growth, and sustainability. The natural capital of the oceans provides opportunities for OECS countries to embed growth in the "blue economy". Realizing these opportunities will require harnessing human capital, embracing new technologies, and continued regional cooperation
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Country Partnership Frameworks
    Abstract: Mauritania's abundant endowment of natural resources, its strategic location at the gateway between Sub-Saharan and Northern Africa, its richly diverse, yet stratified, cultural and social make-up and its position in a restive region, increasingly beholden to the ravaging effects of climate change, create a complex development space for poverty reduction and shared prosperity. The end of the commodity super-cycle brought these challenges to the fore, marking a decisive turning point in Mauritania's quest to end poverty and achieve shared prosperity by 2030. This Country Partnership Framework (CPF) for Mauritania lays out the program for the period of FY18-FY23 and reflects lessons from the Completion and Learning Review (CLR) of the preceding FY14-FY16 Country Partnership Strategy (CPS), which was discussed at the Board in September 2013. The CPF will support the transition to a more inclusive, diversified and resilient model of growth, building on Mauritania's natural resource wealth. First, it expands opportunities for economic diversification with interventions to raise productivity in traditional livestock, fisheries, and agricultural activities; improves household welfare through access to basic services; and enables increased participation in economic activity which will further sustain growth. Second, interventions in education, health and social protection will emphasize quality and access for the most vulnerable population segments and employability of youth and women. Third, it supports improvements in economic governance to optimize revenue mobilization and public spending, create opportunities for the private sector and strengthen the transparency of the extractives sector. The CPF emphasizes adaptation to the effects of climate change and building environmental resilience, as well as macroeconomic stability to ensure economic resilience. Finally, the CPF will feature a sharpened focus on private sector development, seeking to foster a more level playing field to accelerate the nascent transition from public to private sector-led growth. This will be achieved through even closer collaboration between IDA, IFC and MIGA in maximizing finance for development
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Russia's spatial disparities stem largely from its economic geography, which is unique and has no parallels even when compared to seemingly similar countries such as Australia and Canada. While Australia and Canada also have large land masses and even lower population densities than Russia, a large share of their populations live near the border or the sea. In contrast, Russia's people are more dispersed inland. Moreover, the populations of Australia and Canada are concentrated in major cities: more than two-thirds of their populations live in the three largest urban centers. On the other hand, Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Nizhny Novgorod are home to only one-eighth of Russia's population. Combined with its population decline, an aging workforce, and having to constantly adapt to a sequence of economic shocks, Russia's unique economic geography has therefore led to a spatial pattern of development counter to what is observed in other large countries. What explains Russia's unique economic geography and its spatial disparities? A cocktail of three factors is useful for answering this question: (i) a persistent Soviet legacy; (ii) a diverse physical geography laced with harsh climactic conditions; and (iii) a dominance of natural resources (mostly oil/gas) in peripheral regions. The Soviet legacy of a planned economy remains a burden for regions. One indicator of this persistent legacy can be seen in the ongoing socio-economic challenges facing Soviet-era industrial monotowns. Today, 319 settlements in Russia are legally identified as monotowns, with 94 classified as monotowns with a high level of socio-economic deprivation. This is despite them remaining a target of many support programs implemented by the federal government. Geography and climactic conditions do not help the situation. Russia accounts for 42 percent of the world's land mass but its population is less than 1.9 percent of the world's population. In addition, its extreme winter weather greatly impairs transportation services (built on continuous permafrost, Yakutsk is the coldest major city in the world, recording temperatures as low as minus 64.4 Degree Celsius). A sequence of shocks that hit the country over the last 25 years and the boom in the oil industry created rapid growth in peripheral, oil-rich regions. But other regions have been stymied by the persistence of structural constraints: an industrial legacy, population decline, and an aging population
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systematic Country Diagnostics
    Abstract: One of the key objectives of this first SCD of the Republic of Congo is to serve as an essential input to the Country Partnership Framework. The SCD is not intended to carry out substantial new analytical work, but rather to draw upon and synthesize the existing evidence. A substantial amount of analytical work on Congo has been carried out in recent years, covering a wide range of subjects. These reports and studies conducted by the World Bank were supplemented by studies prepared by the government and other development partners and formed a solid basis for the analysis presented in the chapters to follow. The report is divided into two main parts. The first part presents the growth drivers and constraints for achieving the twin goals of eliminating extreme poverty in Congo by 2030 and promoting shared prosperity. The second part categorizes the constraints, prioritizes them according to the impact they have on the twin goals, identifies areas for improvement, and provides recommendations for leveraging the country's opportunities and achieving sustainable and equitable growth
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Agricultural Study
    Abstract: Despite the region's vast potential for agriculture production and trade, the agriculture sector in Central African economic and monetary community (CEMAC) remains largely underdeveloped. This study supports CEMAC countries in their efforts to diversify their economies through increased agricultural trade. Findings focus on the costs and constraints associated with large and small-scale agriculture trade, including procedures faced at the border and in nearby assembly markets. This analysis uses a corridor approach to understand current conditions at selected border crossings and in nearby assembly markets that are important to regional agriculture trade in CEMAC, following commodities through six points on the supply chain: farm, immediate market, collection market, urban market, border market, and foreign market. The report is centered on Cameroon, as currently CEMAC's main agricultural producer and exporter. Despite a large potential across the CEMAC region, Cameroon is at the moment by far the largest producer as well as the only significant exporter of agricultural products. The report is organized around thirteen key messages that cover production, sourcing, and trade. The final section lists recommendations and areas for potential investment and policy reform that can help the region implement its trade integration ambitions in the service of food security, agricultural development, and economic diversification
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Abstract: Somalia's economy grew by 2.3 percent in 2017. The economy remains vulnerable to recurrent shocks. Between 2013 and 2017, real annual GDP growth averaged 2.5 percent. Growth occurred despite adverse weather conditions that severely reduced agricultural output in late 2016 and early 2017. For Somalia to enhance and sustain economic growth and escape chronic poverty, it must increase its resilience to shocks. Growth recovery is set to continue beyond 2018, lifted by gains from ongoing reforms as well as improved security. Rising domestic demand, remittances, and donor inflows and consolidation of peace and security are expected to drive growth in 2019-20. Achieving higher growth will require acceleration of structural reforms, particularly in three areas: fiscal policy and public financial management, provision of basic services (to promote human development and inclusion), and improved resilience to weather shocks particularly in the agriculture sector. Mobile money is an essential part of Somalia's economic ecosystem. Almost three-quarters of the population aged 16 and above use mobile money on a regular basis. It is now the main transaction instrument used by both individuals and businesses across the country: presenting an opportunity to increase access to finance, spur inclusive growth, and promote resilient communities. However, with increasing dependence on mobile money as a medium of exchange comes increased vulnerabilities
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: The World Bank Group (WBG) has long recognized that the restoration and preservationof cultural heritage, urban regeneration, and sustainable tourism can play a vital role in developing countries' efforts to promote local economic development, accelerate social integration, and alleviate poverty. Against this backdrop, this research report sheds light on lessons learned from the development experience of Kyoto City, the imperial capital of Japan for more than a thousand years and home to 14 well conserved UNESCO World Heritage sites and many historic districts
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Abstract: The latest economic brief highlights that Zambia's rising macroeconomic imbalances, high debt and associated costs of debt service are crowding out private sector growth. The economy is expected to expand by 3.3 percent in 2018 in 2018 compared to 3.4 percent in 2017. Agricultures offers Zambia an option for effective structural transformation and economic diversification. Increased regional and urban demand for diversified and processed products provides opportunities to support in agro-processing
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Abstract: Limited access to finance, particularly bank credit, is a long-standing hurdle for Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs), with varying severity of financing constraints across countries. SMEs face higher transaction costs and higher risk premiums since they are typically more opaque and have less or inadequate collateral to offer. Financing is also a major constraint in advanced economies, where financing gaps for SMEs were exacerbated by the 2008-2009 financial and economic crisis. SMEs face higher transaction costs and higher risk premiums since they are typically more opaque and have less or inadequate collateral to offer. These market failures and imperfections provide the rationale for government intervention in SME credit markets. An increasingly popular form of government intervention is represented by credit guarantee schemes (CGSs). These are specialized institutions or programs set up by the government which pledge to repay some or the entire loan amount to the lender in case of default of the SME borrower. The toolkit for impact evaluation of public credit guarantee schemes for SMEs has been created with the objective of identifying a set of uniform methodologies for assessing the financial and economic impact of public CGSs as systematically and objectively as possible. After the introductory Module, the Toolkit is divided in nine parts. Module 2 provides an overview of impact evaluation and introduces different modalities of impact evaluation such as prospective and retrospective evaluations. Module 3 provides a roadmap for designing and implementing a CGS impact evaluation. The later modules (5 through 10) finally touch upon some operational steps to implement an impact evaluation such as collecting data, setting the evaluation team, budgeting and timing for the evaluation, and producing and disseminating the results
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systematic Country Diagnostics
    Abstract: This report on the medium-term agenda to ensure growth and shared prosperity in Argentina comes at a time when the country is embarking on deepening structural reforms, while dealing with recent sudden financial market pressures that emerged in April 2018
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systematic Country Diagnostics
    Abstract: The purpose of this Systematic Country Diagnostic is to identify the main constraints and opportunities the Kyrgyz Republic faces in continuing to progress towards the World Bank Group's twin goals. It analyzes trends and drivers of growth, poverty reduction, and income distribution, as well as the policies that underpin them, while assessing the elements constraining more rapid progress and sustainability. The main conclusions of this analysis are as follows: Growth has been driven by an ad hoc, opportunistic adaptation to constraints; These adaptations, which included (1) exporting migrant labor, with remittances fueling growth in domestic consumption and services; (2) exploiting the gold extracted from one major mine;1 and (3) leveraging import-re-export bazaar trade, helped sustain growth, while being far from first-best, deliberate, and policy-guided long-term solutions. This 'growth model' led to significant welfare gains, as it rode on the back of the commodity super-cycle. But its lack of coherence in addressing key constraints has implied that vulnerabilities remain widespread. In short, the country now needs a new development model to (i) tackle the sources of low overall productivity-a critical source of sustainable dynamism-and (ii) unleash private investment and job creation, given the limited options for public spending and redistribution. This will require a three-pronged approach to (1) address cross-cutting constraints to private sector development, (2) promote conducive policies in areas where the country has significant unexploited endowments (especially minerals and hydropower), and (3) foster greater sustainability, including by maximizing the efficiency of public policies. This will also require a fundamental departure from haphazard policy making, whereby macro-fiscal policies have failed to support greater poverty reduction and resilience, and weak governance has undermined the effectiveness of reforms
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Abstract: Remittances are an important source of income for households in the Southern African Development Community (SADC), as well as a crucial source of foreign exchange for countries in the region. Despite the relatively large inflows of remittances to SADC, the cost of sending money to and within the region is significantly higher than other regions in the world. To address the high cost of remittances globally, the World Bank has been involved in a number of initiatives aimed at improving the efficiency and safety of the market for remittances. At the regional level, the SADC Committee of Central Bank Governors (CCBG) has led several initiatives aimed at enhancing the regional payment system infrastructure, also with a focus on reducing the cost of remittances within the region
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Abstract: Benefits and rules of bon ...
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Abstract: Bangladesh's export growth has been remarkable. Bangladesh aims to generate USD 54.1 billion in export earnings by FY2020, a significant increase over the USD 35 billion earned in FY2015-16. The leading sector, textiles and apparels, usually referred to as ready-made garments (RMG), has created 4 million jobs overall and accounts for 82 percent of Bangladesh's exports. RMG exports have shown signs of deceleration in the recent past but the momentum has picked up in FY2018. At the same time, several other less dominant but promising sectors are showing a positive export growth trend and could possibly drive export diversification and job creation in the future.However, the composition of the export basket has not changed much over the past two decades.Bangladesh's HHI (Herfindahl-Hirschmann Index), that measures the level of sectoral concentration in exports is about five times that of other export-driven economies such as Thailand, China and Vietnam. During the last two decades, Vietnam expanded its export basket from agriculture to include machinery, footwear and electronics through national-level strategies and policy reforms to support specific sectors. However, Bangladesh continues to be primarily an RMG exporter
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Knowledge Economy Study
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of the role of emerging technologies in digital transformation and the global best practices in policy responses to the disruptions they cause across a broad spectrum of economic activity. It analyzes the successes and challenges of digital transformationin Russia and attempts to develop key recommendations to help policy makers accelerate the pace of digital transformation across the main sectors of the Russian economy. In its current version, the report starts with discussing the results of the Russia DECA and offers an analysis of international best practice in formulating policy approaches to stimulate digital adoption while easing the disruption caused by the rapid emergence of new technologies. The objective is to help policy makers think through ways to harness the opportunities created by emerging technologies to enable Russia to accelerate the pace of digital transformation. The report then discusses the emergence of digital platforms as key enablers of digital transformation and proceeds to explore sectoral dynamics in the key digital transformation areas outlined in the Russia Digital Economy Program, including digital government, digital business, as well as digital innovation and skills building. Sector-oriented chapters follow a similar structure by analyzing international best practice in the transformation of a sector, offering an assessment of the current state of transformation of that sector in Russia and concluding with proposing a set of recommendations that may help accelerate the digital transformation of the sector in light of international best practice and the local experience. Due to the rapid pace of technological change and space limitations, this report does not pretend to offer in-depth analysis of Russian digital transformation at the sectoral level but is rather an attempt to analyze global best practice to inform Russian policy making and an invitation to the policy-maker and expert community to continue the digital co-creation experience started two years ago in the hope that it is an effective way to share the just-in-time global expertise of the World Bank whenever and wherever it is needed most in order to help accelerate Russia's digital transformation process
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Abstract: The prevalence of small farmers and small-scale agri-food processors creates unique challenges for agri-food value-chain development in Kyrgyzstan. That is, the Kyrgyz farm structure itself, with its dominance of small farmers, is one of the main constraints for the effective functioning of modern value chains, preventing them from delivering high incomes and improved livelihoods for smallholders. But this structure also provides one of the main opportunities for developing the value chain. Small-scale agri-food processors are rarely successful in establishing sustainable partnerships with small farmers unless there are strong market signals that facilitate these partnerships. Such strong market signals for Kyrgyz agri-food producers/processors are found in niche and premium markets of products that require specialized and labor-intensive agricultural production. Therefore, when market failures are addressed by public policy interventions, small farmers and small-scale agri-food processors have improved access to markets, more opportunities to capture value, and more opportunities to improve their livelihoods
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Abstract: Strong growth, driven by consumption and public investment, has continued. Macroeconomic stability is strained. Inflation has picked up, driven by food price increases initially and by non-food inflation more recently. Notwithstanding rebound in garment exports and remittances, the current account deficit has widened significantly because of a surge in imports. A large increase in the disbursement of medium and long-term loans helped contain pressure on foreign exchange reserves and moderate the depreciation of the exchange rate. Monetary growth has been subdued because of decline in public sector borrowing from banks and reduced net international reserves, creating room for increased private sector credit growth. However, weak deposit growth and the persistence of high levels of non-performing loans have led to rise in lending rates. The fiscal deficit has increased despite underspending on public investment as revenue growth fell well short of the budget target. Excessive reliance on expensive saving instruments to finance the budget deficit has continued.Over the near-term, growth is expected to remain resilient, underpinned by strong domestic demand. Inflation is likely to accelerate with rising aggregate demand resulting in part from election related increase in private spending, an expansionary fiscal policy and depreciating exchange rate. The current account deficit and the fiscal deficits are projected to widen, but the risks of both external and public debt distress are low. Downside risks include fiscal slippages aggravated by drying up of assistance for supporting the Rohingyas, delays in banking reforms, loss of monetary policy predictability due to diminished central bank independence and weakening reform momentum in the run-up to the elections. Moving forward, creating more and better jobs by boosting private investments, diversifying exports and building human capital remain the top most policy priorities. In addition to handling macroeconomic imbalances through increased flexibility in the exchange rate and interest rates, this would require ensuring a predictable and efficient system of business regulation, faster progress on the implementation of the mega infrastructure projects, improving financial sector governance, and ensuring an adequate and reliable supply of electricity
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Abstract: The report presents the results of macro-simulations of the consequences of different excise policy scenarios for 2018-2021 in two EAEU countries, Russia and Kazakhstan. Three scenarios are considered: (a) the low-taxation harmonization level and rate of growth proposed by the Eurasian Economic Commission; (b) the somewhat higher taxation harmonization option proposed by the Eurasian Economic Commission - here referred to as the "compromise" scenario; and (c) the high ("optimal") scenario of rapid excise growth, which is a scenario closest to the recommendations of the World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) and the EU harmonization experience
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Abstract: The Nepal Development Update is produced twice a year with the following two main aims: to report on key economic developments over the preceding months, placing them in a longer-term and global perspective; and to examine (in the Special Focus section) topics of particular policy significance. The Update is intended for a wide audience including policy makers, business leaders, the community of analysts and professionals engaged in economic debates, and the general public
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Abstract: Do women in Jordan want to work? How do men feel about working women in their family? To what extent do personal beliefs and societal expectations influence a woman's decision to work and why should this matter in development interventions? The Jordanian government and development partners have invested heavily in promoting women's economic inclusion. However, Jordan has the lowest female labor force participation (FLFP) in the world of a country not at war. As development practitioners working on issues related to social and economic inclusion in the Middle East and North Africa (MNA) region, we ask ourselves these questions to help us understand binding constraints that prevent excluded groups, such as women and youth, from having equal opportunity to improve their quality of life. We also ask these questions to distinguish between our own and others' perceived notion of inclusiveness. Building evidence from the field is key to enable development practitioners design more effective interventions to support female labor force participation
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Rural Study
    Abstract: This report aims to provide a market overview that describes the main characteristics and size of current and future demand for tourism products delivered by and based in local communities in Africa. If demand is better understood, supply can be better developed and better placed to take advantage of the market access opportunities offered by the growth in digital platforms. Increased supply that is performing well will yield development results for marginalized communities and help to increase shared prosperity
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Infrastructure Study
    Abstract: The increasing importance of the Internet, not only for tasks related to information search, storage, and sharing, but also for connecting people and business, domestic and international trade, education, entertainment and social interactions, has led governments around the world to include Internet connectivity in their priority policy agendas and infrastructure plans. Today, access to the Internet is no longer a luxury, but is increasingly considered an essential service, as important as building transportation and utility networks. However, more than four billion people, overwhelmingly in developing countries, still lack Internet access. For the past decade, policy makers have sought ways to best create an enabling environment to direct national resources and engage the private sector to effectively expand access to the Internet. In doing so, policy makers and regulators face a unique combination of priorities, resources, market structures, and geographies that will affect their national plans. Experience shows that no one-size-fits-all approach exists, but past and current experience can be analyzed for common factors contributing to success or failure to support similar endeavors in the future. This report reviews and provides guidance on innovative business models and approaches to the deployment of high-speed broadband networks and highlights global trends related to terrestrial spectrum resources that can be leveraged to meet expected future demand and close existing Internet access gaps. It is intended to serve as a reference tool to help policy makers and regulators assess alternatives for infrastructure deployment and adopt decisions tailored to their country's circumstances and needs
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: City Development Strategy
    Abstract: Technology is one of the main drivers of productivity and economic growth. Developing countries have traditionally had difficulties in both developing technology and absorbing foreign technology. However, the recent emergence of tech startups present an opportunity. Tech start-ups are an effective a mechanism to both create local technology and absorb foreign technology. The objective of this report is to provide a better understanding of the status of start-up ecosystem in West Bank and Gaza, and provide policy recommendations for policy makers and other stakeholders who are interested in supporting the growth and sustainability of the ecosystem. The report is based on an in-depth survey of startups and supportive stakeholders of the ecosystem. The findings point out to an early stage start-up that is maturing. Skills, supportive infrastructure, finance pipeline, and community and networks are examined and gaps are identified. Policy recommendations to tackle these gaps are presented based on international practices
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Systematic Country Diagnostics
    Abstract: This Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) identifies the main constraints and opportunities that Papua New Guinea faces in achieving the twin goals of ending extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity. In line with the World Bank Group's new country engagement model, the findings of the SCD will provide inputs for the preparation of the Country Partnership Framework, which will outline the WBG's engagement with Papua New Guinea to achieve the twin goals. This SCD is divided into three parts: setting the scene: the SCD sets the scene by outlining past trends in economic structure and performance, providing a snapshot on the state of service delivery, highlighting key issues of particular relevance for youth and women, and analyzing poverty incidence and inequality; identifying pathways for poverty reduction: second, the SCD looks at the most potent pathways for eradicating poverty and boosting shared prosperity, drawing attention to untapped opportunities and key constraints that must be overcome; and summarizing reform priorities: finally, the SCD identifies priorities for policy and reform to accelerate progress toward the twin goals. This diagnostic exercise was conducted in consultation with national authorities and other stakeholders in Papua New Guinea and is based on the current available body of knowledge
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Over the last half century, large-scale changes to coal industries across Europe, and more recently in the United States and China, have resulted in as many as 4 million coal workers losing their jobs. The main drivers of these changes are mine mechanization, government policies and competition from other fuels in downstream energy demand markets. At present, economies in Asia, Eastern Europe, and Africa face these same drivers of change, with large job losses already taking place in China, and with other large coal producing countries in Asia likely to follow. Lessons drawn from the experiences of the Russian Federation (Russia), Ukraine, Poland, and Romania from 1994 to 2012, complemented by data on impacts of coal industry adjustment in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, the United States, and China, show that job losses not only take place as the industry contracts but even if production is increasing. The mitigation of social conflict and economic distress are of grave concern as globally the coal industry enters a new era of downsizing. The objective of this report is to share with governments lessons learned regardingcoal mine closure. Indeed, the full set of coal mine closure issues is diverse with few positive case studies to date to draw on. The complexity of technical issues and vested interests along with the myriad of potential risks which may unfold will require combining time-tested and new approaches, and applying a broad array of skills. In this issues paper, we have sought to identifylessons from the past that can guide policy makers for more successful future mine closures. Nine lessons learned are presented for government consideration, drawn from three sets of literature. First, analysis from coal industry adjustment and downsizing experiences in Russia, Ukraine, Poland, and Romania from 1994 to 2012 where interventions ranged from preparatory diagnosticand technical studies to planning and financing of eventual closure programs. Second, observations and insights on impacts from coal industry adjustment in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, the United States, and China. Third, evidence-based interventions that have helped to mitigate potential negative social and labor impacts from mass job losses in other industries
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: Climate auctions are an innovative climate finance mechanism, with high potential to support nationally determined contribution (NDC) implementation and deepening through efficiently leveraging private investment. The World Bank has developed the climate auction model through the work of the Pilot Auction Facility for Methane and Climate Change Mitigation (PAF). The PAF delivered cost-effective methane and nitrous oxide abatement by offering publicly-funded price guarantees for future climate results to private sector companies that competed to buy the price guarantees via an auction. This report proposes that climate auctions may be an attractive option as part of a transition towards the greater use of market-based instruments to support NDC implementation and achieve more ambitious climate results. The report reviews the broader policy context and develops three implementation modalities through which climate auctions can support NDC implementation. The report also discusses when the model is valuable and appropriate, reviewing the overarching conditions for climate outcome opportunities to be suitable for the use of climate auctions
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Abstract: Agricultural development ...
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Abstract: The Republic of Moldova was among the first countries in the world to implement Mobile eID, whichhas been implemented through the innovative Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model. In recognitionof Moldova embracing mobile technologies as an opportunity to tap the potential of mobile phones toimprove government initiatives, the government of Moldova was awarded the Best mGovernment Awardby the GSMA during the 2013 Mobile World Congress in Barcelona. The concept of Mobile eID, also known as mobile signature, works as an ID in the virtual world, allowing users to authenticate themselves in cyberspace, with the aim to prove their identity with the help of a cell phone or electronically sign a legally-binding transaction or document. For the regular users, the advantage of mobile eID lies in its simplicity, since no separate card reader or drivers areneeded, as the phone itself already performs these functions. Implementation of Mobile eID in Moldova was part of a larger digital transformation initiative supported by a 20 million US Dollars World Bank-funded loan as part of Governance eTransformation Project (GeT), and assuch, it benefited from increased political support. Moreover, the approval by the government of Moldova of the strategic e-Transformation program further paved the way for eID implementation, by expressly stating that mobile electronic identity is "a means to ensure data integrity and security in eservice delivery and financial transactions"
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Abstract: This edition of the Tajikistan Country Economic Update (CEU) is part of a semiannual series designed to monitor socioeconomic developments in Tajikistan. It presents an analysis of political, economic, and social developments, as well as the progress of and challenges with the implementation of structural reforms in 2018. It also includes a special section highlighting human capital development in Tajikistan
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
    Abstract: A key challenge in Nepal is the intersection of predictable chronic or seasonal poverty andvulnerability, with rapid-onset and acute shocks. Nepal in the last few decades has epitomized the'perfect storm' in which a number of different factors-disasters, conflict, political uncertainty, and challenges to economic growth-coincide with deleterious effects on people's well-being anddevelopment progress. While social protection (SP) is playing an increasing role in tackling chronic and seasonal poverty and wider vulnerability and exclusion, recent disasters in Nepal, particularly in 2015, highlight how making SP more flexible and adaptive could allow a more effective and efficient development and humanitarian response. The World Bank in Nepal contracted the Centre for International Development and Training at the University of Wolverhampton, United Kingdom, and the Nepal Institute for Social and Environmental Research, to carry out the technical assistance (TA) project 'Review of policies, systems and programs in social protection and shock response for adaptive social protection in Nepal'. The overall objective of the work is to make recommendations on possible policy, programmatic, and institutional measures for more adaptive social protection (ASP). The analysis was delivered using a mixed-methods approach. An analysis of existing data (including the Household Risk and Vulnerability Survey [HRVS] data) was used to understand the scope and coverage of existing programs and their links to disasters and shocks. A desk review of literature explored legislation and policies, program documentation and official implementation guidelines, and evaluations and research. Interviews took place with key informants at the national, district, and local government levels as did focus group discussions (FGDs) and individual interviews, especially with recipients of SP programs, at the ward or village level in the districts of Bardiya, Humla, Saptari, and Sindhupalchok
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Abstract: Cairo, the biggest mega city in African continent and entire Arab world, has suffered from wide range of city issues including healthcare, public security, environment, transportation, education, information technology (IT) infrastructure, et cetera Smart city solutions and services can be an effective tool to alleviate the problems of cities and increase the welfare of Cairo citizens. The current policy note includes the quick-win projects with budgets and actions for smart Cairo, strategy framework and key success factors for the actions with milestones, questionnaire survey results with smart city focus, action plans categorized by quick-win, midterm, long-term projects reflecting human resources, business, technology, process, information, governance, social, demographical, city specific, and cultural aspects. With more details, action plans of top 10 quick-win projects for smart Cairo are as follows; (1) capacity building for healthcare services with hospital information system (HIS), (2) integrated smart closed-circuit television (CCTV) system design and pilot implementation, (3) solid waste management design and pilot project, (4) emission test system and database for vehicles, (5) redesign Cairo traffic flow and public transportation, (6) T-money card (transportation payment card), (7) call taxi service for disabled people, (8) e-learning systems against illiteracy in local areas, (9) cloud based software defined data center (SDDC) for smart city services, and (10) citizen service center innovation (one-stop service)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: City Development Strategy
    Abstract: This study focuses on Bamako, the capital of Mali, that dominates the country's urban landscape. Acentral premise of policy-making in cities is that the flexibility, practicality, and focus of local governments make them ideal players to understand and respond to the needs of their citizens. Indeed, cities mostly aim their problem-solving at local conditions. In Mali, the economic importance of the capital city cannot be understated - it is the nerve center of the national economy. If the capital, Bamako, were to be removed, Mali would lose 36 percent of GDP. Thus, reforms and investments aimed at tackling urban development challenges in the capital will have knock-on effects on national economic development. This report also demonstrates how a variety of data could be used for urban innovations: opportunistic data, which is collected for one purpose and then used for another (such as data owned by cellphone companies and then used to understand urban mobility); purposely-sensed data, which is collected using cheap and ubiquitous sensors that can be deployed in public spaces (for instance, to better understand land and building use); and user-generated data, which comes from engaging people through social media platforms or crowdsourcing (for instance, through Open Street Map communities to track urban infrastructure investments and use). A summary of recommendations for unleashing Bamako's potential includes coordinating land use and connective infrastructure, financing and managing better public service delivery, and investing in urban institutions
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Energy Study
    Abstract: Croatia joined the European Union (EU) in 2013, and the energy sector has been undergoing liberalization, deregulation, and unbundling of state-owned energy utilities. Croatia haswelcomed a number of new public and private energy companies. The Croatian power exchange was established in 2014 and commenced operation in 2016 as a platform for electricity trade. This report reviews energy intensity (EI) and energy efficiency (EE) status in Croatia
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Abstract: This report examines perceived and actual gender differences in the use and management of natural resources and the challenges of integrating women into activities related to reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) or other natural resource management projects in Mexico. The report applies a behavioral science lens to uncover key psychological, cultural, social, and non-material barriers to women's participation in natural resource projects. Women use natural resources differently than men, which sets the stage for a variety of structural barriers. Differentiated resource use makes women vulnerable to economic, social, and external environmental influences, especially in rural areas. The study's qualitative analysis also reveals activities that rural women in Mexico will prefer to undertake in light of the upcoming forestry programs to be implemented in Mexico by CONAFOR (Mexico's National Forest Commission) and the World Bank. The report concludes with a gender action plan (GAP). The GAP provides concrete recommendations for the inclusion of a gender perspective and female empowerment in policies, practices, and projects, especially those related to emission reduction programs, natural resource management, and REDD+. When designed to take into consideration gender differences, REDD+ related activities and natural resource management programs can offer important opportunities for women's empowerment, sustainable resource management, and shared prosperity
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Abstract: This report describes the findings of a study on the continua of care for tuberculosis, hypertension and diabetes in South Africa forming part of an evaluation of the National Adherence Guidelines for Chronic Diseases. Conducted by the National Department of Health in collaboration with the National Health Laboratory Service, the World Bank, and Boston University/Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, the study used routine data from 24 health facilities in Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, North West provinces. Observational cohorts of patients were created using clinic records and applying eligibility criteria. In the screening cohort of 3600 patients, 46 percent of eligible patients had a TB screen (83 percent of HIV patients) with 8 percent having positive screens. For hypertension, 72 of eligible patients were screened and 19 percent positive. For diabetes, 56 percent of eligible patients had evidence of screening in the past three years and 4 percent were positive. In the diagnosed cohort of 1,096 patients, treatment initiation was 98 percent for TB, 92 percent for hypertension and 82 percent for diabetes. Treatment success was 71 percent for TB, 22 percent for hypertension 18 percent for diabetes. The results demonstrated that considerable efforts are made to find cases and retain them in care, but that there is room for further improvement to maximize patient outcomes in chronic care
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: The objective of this report is to identify existing regulatory restraints to competition in key sectors and the economy as a whole and use them to design an effective competition policy for the Philippines. The report builds on Product Market Regulation (PMR) indicators and the WBG's Markets and Competition Policy Assessment Tool (MCPAT) applied to the Philippine markets to (i) develop the main aspects of the advocacy role of the Philippine Competition Commission (PCC) against current market features; (ii) map regulatory restrictions to competition and classify them according to their effects; (iv) contextualize competition restraints within each sector to offer a set of policy recommendations; and (v) quantify the potential impact of a more pro-competitive regulatory environment for the Philippines' economy. As the country did not have a competition law until 2015, the recently created PCC faces a challenging environment in which to implement its mandate. The two-year transitory period to start enforcement, as well as the potential to grant broad exemptions from the law under the forbearance clause, have hindered the ability of the PCC to prevent anticompetitive conduct of market players, either public or private. In this context, the advocacy role of the PCC offers a critical mechanism to address those regulatory conditions that may be enabling anticompetitive behavior. Limited market competition can stem from restrictive regulations or discretionary application of the regulatory framework that render entry and operation of new firms difficult. Ensuring government policies and regulations do not generate barriers to entry or distort the level playing field is necessary to enhance private sector participation and unlock investment opportunities
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Country Financial Accountability Assessment
    Abstract: Kazakhstan, which has a population of about 18 million, has made enormous social and economic progress since it became independent in 1991. The economy grew at an annual rate of 6.6 per cent during the decade up to 2014, driven by the development of oil and gas and other mineral resources. Income per capita in US dollars multiplied by ten times during the period up to 2014, and poverty was reduced to 4 percent of the population.This assessment was initiated in March 2018. Where the performance ratings are based on three years of PFM statistics, the period is 2015-17, with 2017 as the most recent completed fiscal year. Administrative arrangements and practices are assessed as they were in the second quarter of 2018. The assessment focuses on the Central Government's Republican Budget (RB), covering subnational governments, which are responsible for about 40 percent of spending on public services, and public corporations only to the extent required by the PEFA criteria.The PEFA assessment shows that the Government is able to maintain aggregate fiscal discipline in difficult times, and that taxation, financial control and payment and accounting systems all work efficiently. Investment planning is under effective central direction as is demonstrated by city development and infrastructure improvements achieved since 2000. However, as the WB review points out, the share of GDP absorbed by government expenditure is low compared with the OECD average, leaving much scope for improvement in health and education services. Strategic planning is well-established throughout Government, contributing to a more strategic allocation of resources, but greater clarity is needed in demonstrating the links between policy instruments and objectives, with a fuller explanation of the performance targets and results. Medium-term forecasts cover only the three years immediately ahead, and there are no projections beyond that horizon which would demonstrate how fiscal sustainability is to be maintained, given the development of the Government's assets and liabilities
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Commodities Study
    Abstract: Medicinal and aromatic pl ...
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Public Investment Review
    Abstract: Vietnam's on-going reform program places emphasis on improving the efficiency of public investment in order to boost the country's economic performance, which remains highly dependent on factor accumulation. Despite the improvements introduced by the government in recent years, including the issuance of the public investment law, progress in restructuring of public investment has been slow and mostly focuses on cleaning up of the existing fragmented portfolio. A major factor behind the slow progress of restructuring public investment is the lack of a well-designed reform program with clear specific objectives and priorities. Against this background, the Ministry of Planning and Investment (MPI) requested the World Bank to undertake a diagnostic assessment of Vietnam's public investment management (PIM) system in order to identify weaknesses compared to good practice models, determine priorities for reform and make specific recommendations on actions over the short, medium and long term. This framework analyzes the presence and quality of institutional arrangements required to support the performance of eight must-have functionalities across the project and capital budgeting cycles, thus enabling a robust assessment against good international practice
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Abstract: This paper describes a framework of supply and demand factors that could affect birth registration coverage rates, particularly in the context of social transfers. Within this framework, a review of the empirical literature (academic and grey) was conducted on incentives that have been demonstrated to increase birth registration coverage. More than two hundred articles were reviewed, and forty-two (twenty-three academic and nineteen grey) were selected for this study based on relevance. The literature encompassed evidence from Asia, Africa, and Latin America on linking birth registration with social transfer programs, such as cash transfers, which have resulted in increased birth registration rates. The methods in the literature on incentives for countries to increase birth registration coverage vary. There is a lack of scholarly research on incentives to address both supply and demand barriers for birth registration and a need for more robust literature on the topic
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Abstract: This review of gender issues aims to uncover the main gender gaps in the country, and to identify potential policy recommendations that could help closing them in the coming years. The note is an input to the development of a Gender Action Plan for the Andean Countries under the Gender Analysis Work Program.The note lays out a descriptive overview of gender gaps in endowments, economic opportunities and agency - the explanation of the observed situation is outside the scope of this note.The note applies the analytical framework devised by the WDR 2012 on Gender Equality and Development. Chapter one covers the legal and institutional framework and the issue of the agency of women - e.g. political representation and violence against women, time use, and attitudes towards women; Chapter two provides an overview the situation with regards to the main endowments of health and education; and Chapter three deals with the existing gender gaps in economic opportunity labor force participation and unemployment, the quality of employment, earnings, entrepreneurship and access to finance.The review presented here is the result of the first stage in the assessment process.This note mainly reflects an initial descriptive exercise, and will be revised after the completion of stakeholder consultations in the countries; the results of such consultations will not only help identify additional literature and research on specific issues, but also help prioritize the key gender gaps to be addressed based on the way discussions on the issue are currently taking place in the country
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: General Economy, Macroeconomics, and Growth Study
    Abstract: This report stems from the work initiated in the Systematic Country Diagnostic (SCD) forUzbekistan in May 2016, which identified the quality of job creation as a central, cross-cuttingtheme. The SCD emphasized that "over the medium term, creating high-productivity, high-paying jobs for Uzbekistan's growing population will be vital to sustaining economic growth, reinforcing social stability, and enabling further improvements in the welfare of households in the bottom 40 percent of the income distribution. Uzbekistan can expect to develop higher-paying jobs as it transitions from a factor-driven economy to an efficiency-driven economy." However, given data constraints, the SCD cited the need for a more detailed analysis and assessment of various dimensions of economic data, based on additional data. This report builds on the SCD and represents a further step in an ongoing strategic and analytical engagement with Uzbekistan. In this context, the report deepens the analysis of the two key factors contributing to growth in GDP per capita in Uzbekistan: growth in labor productivity and growth in employment. This new analysis was possible by applying the growth decomposition tool to new data disaggregated by sectors of the economy and new data on constraints to productivity and employment growth generated by the three enterprise surveys conducted for this report. These surveys were carried out in 2013 and 2017 in five subsectors of Uzbekistan's manufacturing sector (machinery building, chemicals and petrochemicals, light industry, food processing, and construction materials). The same questionnaire was used to survey 122 large firms in 2013, 111 large firms in 2017, and 478 small firms in 2017 across six regions of Uzbekistan. The survey data allowed a more systematic diagnostic analysis of Uzbekistan's growth challenges and the identification of the most binding constraints to jobs and productivity, which will help ensure more tailored and relevant policy advice
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Public Expenditure Review
    Abstract: Guinea-Bissau is a small state in West Africa with a population of around 1.8 million. It is rich in natural resources (fisheries, forestry and agriculture) and biodiversity. Guinea-Bissau is host to a large variety of ethnic groups, languages and religions, with communal and ethnic-based violence remaining low. The country has a history of political and institutional fragility dating back to its independence from Portugal in 1973. Guinea-Bissau continues to face formidable development challenges, but resources remain very limited. Government spending on the social sectors is low, which, combined with low efficiency, translated into weak outcomes. The objective of the Guinea-Bissau Public Expenditure Review (PER) is to analyze government expenditure, fiscal revenue, and public financial management in selected sectors (education, health, and security). The sectors for analysis were selected based on a combination of factors, including spending trends, budget size, the country's development program, and World Bank engagement. The PER has been initiated by the World Bank and the team worked closely with the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF), and line ministries throughout the process. The PER is well aligned with the FY2018-2021 Country Partnership Framework (CPF). The first two objectives of the CPF are increased access to and quality of primary education, and increased access to and quality of maternal and health services. The CPF identifies limited fiscal space and weak PFM systems as being among the key challenges to improving access to quality social services. The PER also supports the fourth pillar of the Government's National Development Plan, Terra Ranka (Fresh Start), which aims to develop the human capital potential of the population. The three sectors under consideration together account for over thirty percent of government expenditure; thus, any efficiency improvements and/or expenditure savings in those sectors are likely to be substantial
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Public Expenditure Review
    Abstract: This report, the full PER, aims to undertake a detailed analysis of the recent trends in publicexpenditures and revenue with a view to helping Mongolia's policy makers and opinion leaders identify the main priorities for a successful implementation of its ongoing recovery program. It also intends to strengthen the fiscal foundation of rapid and inclusive growth to help achieve the objectives of the SDV 2030. Furthermore, the PER also reviews the spending needs of key sectors such as health and education, which play an essential role in the long-term development of the country and the fight against poverty
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Abstract: This paper presents options for tobacco taxation to reduce tobacco consumption and increase financing for health programs in Afghanistan. Tobacco consumption is compromising the health of the Afghan population, particularly the poor. Lowering tobacco consumption would help progress towards Universal Health Coverage by reducing the tobacco-related burden of disease (mortality and morbidity). This paper presents policy options for the Government of Afghanistan to reduce tobacco consumption and improve health outcomes. Tobacco taxation could serve the dual purpose of reducing consumption and generating additional tax revenue to spend on healthcare for the poor. Increasing total taxes to 46 percent of the import price is estimated to generate USD 19.7 million of additional tax revenue per year while reducing domestic consumption of cigarettes by at least 5 percent. This paper has five sections. The first section analyzes tobacco consumption in Afghanistan by socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. The second section describes the burden of disease associated with tobacco and its effect on health at the provincial level. The third section discusses current policies of tobacco control and current practices of tobacco pricing and taxation, including a brief overview of the complex relationship between government and private stakeholders. The fourth section discusses options for tobacco taxation in Afghanistan. The final section applies a simulation model to estimate health and revenue outcomes of additional tobacco taxation
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Abstract: Current hydromet conditions in the Southeast Asia (SEA) region along with expected future conditions highlight the need for continued investment in modernizing hydrometeorological services in the SEA region. Given that similar hazards face Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR), and Vietnam, and that the countries have similar data and hydromet information needs, there are benefits to taking a regional approach to monitoring and forecasting hazardous hydromet conditions. The countries have different capabilities, but nonetheless, with more intense hazardous hydromet events taking place and likely to occur in the future, building a regional dimension to hydromet services can save on the cost of capital infrastructure as well as sustainable operation and maintenance. A number of initiatives that focus on the different stages of the monitoring and forecasting process - such as data collection, forecasting, dissemination of impact-based forecasts and early warnings, and delivery of weather, climate, and hydrological services - can be utilized by sub regional and national hydromet service providers, including in the SEA region. Existing regional frameworks and initiatives in the SEA region can help address some of the major challenges that national hydrometeorological service providers face
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Poverty Assessment
    Abstract: Due to recurring shocks and resulting weak economic growth, Malawi has not experienced meaningful poverty reduction since 2004. In fact, poverty has been on the raise in rural areas. As poverty is mainly a rural phenomenon in Malawi and most of the poor engage in crop production, this report briefly explores agricultural practice of the poor farmers. Since 2010, consumption of households at the bottom of the welfare distribution has increased significantly. This has reduced inequality and ultra-poverty. Decomposition of poverty changes indicates that favorable redistribution has contributed to poverty reduction after 2010, but lack of growth hinders progress in poverty reduction. Despite seemingly unchanging poverty since 2004, there is enormous seasonality in well-being, and poverty is much higher during lean season. Analysis of poverty and consumption across quarters of a given agricultural year (from harvest to lean season) shows that poverty is relatively low in the harvest season, but it increases continuously and reaches its peak in the lean season. This seasonal variation in well-being is pronounced in drought years.The farm input subsidy program (FISP), one of the key agriculture policy interventions implemented by the government of Malawi, has increased applications of fertilizer in the country relative to neighboring countries or the Sub-Saharan Africa average. Even if the FISP has increased fertilizer application rate relative to neighboring countries, agriculture technology adoption is lower among poor farmers and is on the decline since 2010. As a result, crop yield is lower for poor farmers
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other papers
    Abstract: What effect does democratization have on meritocratic practices in the civil service? Democratization increases performance incentives within the bureaucracy. This leads to more meritocracy for individuals with performance-enhancing characteristics, such as educational attainment, which cross-cut political cleavages. When politicized cleavages align with civil servants' performance-enhancing characteristics, democratization increases discrimination. The author test this argument using administrative data from Indonesia that covers the full universe of career histories of all 4 plus million currently active civil servants. The author exploits the exogenous timing of Indonesia's democratization in 1999, paired with an individual-level panel data design, for identification purposes. The author finds strong evidence that democratization amplified the positive effects of educational attainment on career advancement but simultaneously worsened the career prospects of female and religious minority civil servants. We replicate these patterns for the staggered introduction of direct elections at the district government level. The gender and religious minority penalties are strongest for promotions at the lowest levels of the administrative hierarchy and for employees of departments under the leadership of conservative Muslim parties. Increased female leadership in the bureaucracy does not alleviate these penalties
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Procurement Study
    Abstract: Public-private partnership (PPP) projects are gaining momentum globally as a means for delivering infrastructure. Government capabilities to prepare, procure, and manage such projects are important to ensure that the expected efficiency gains are achieved. No systematic data currently exist to measure those capabilities in governments. Benchmarking PPP Procurement 2017 is the first attempt to collect and present comparable and actionable data on PPP procurement on a large scale, by providing an assessment of the regulatory frameworks and recognized practices that govern PPP procurement across 82 economies. Benchmarking PPP Procurement 2017 presents an analysis of targeted elements aggregated into four areas that cover the main stages of the PPP project cycle:preparation, procurement, and contract management of PPPs, and management of unsolicited proposals (USPs). Using a highway transport project as a case study to ensure cross-comparability, it analyzes the national regulatory frameworks and presents a picture of the procurement landscape at the end of March 2016. The average performance in each area varies across regions and income levels. Figure ES.1 shows that the higher the income level of the group, the higher the performance in the four areas. The data also show that the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) high income and Latin American and Caribbean regions perform at or above average. Benchmarking PPP Procurement 2017 shows that across the four areas measured, mosteconomies fall short of good practice. In particular, a significant number of economies have low scores in two areas: project preparation and contract management. Consequently, there is room for improvement specially in regulating the activities to be undertaken before launching the PPP procurement process as well as in preparing for those that will follow after the signature of the PPP contract
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Accountability Study
    Abstract: The subnational Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) assessment seeks to ascertain the performance of the PFM system of county governments using the PEFA methodology. So far, the Government of Kenya has gained experience in the application of the PEFA methodology by undertaking four national PEFA assessments over the years, the latest of which was carried out in 2017 and the report is due for completion in 2018. However, this is the first subnational assessment to be carried out in Kenya following the adoption of a devolved system of government. It is notable that the national and subnational PEFA assessments are being done almost concurrently, and this is important because both levels of government share the same public finance management (PFM) system, implying that evidence-based reform agenda can be implemented simultaneously after areas of improvements are identified. The subnational assessments, which covered 6 out of 47 counties, have been jointly financed by the World Bank and International Development Research Centre (IDRC) through the Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Accountability Study
    Abstract: The subnational Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) assessment seeks to ascertain the performance of the public financial management (PFM) system of county governments using the PEFA methodology. So far, the Government of Kenya has gained experience in the application of the PEFA methodology by undertaking four national PEFA assessments over the years, the latest of which was carried out in 2017 and the report is due for completion in 2018. However, this is the first subnational assessment to be carried out in Kenya following the adoption of a devolved system of government. It is notable that the national and subnational PEFA assessments are being done almost concurrently, and this is important because both levels of government share the same PFM system, implying that an evidence- based reform agenda can be implemented simultaneously after areas of improvements are identified. The subnational assessments, which covered 6 out of 45 counties, have been jointly financed by the World Bank and the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) through the Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Accountability Study
    Abstract: The subnational Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) assessment seeks to ascertain the performance of the public financial management (PFM) system of county governments using the PEFA methodology. So far, the Government of Kenya has gained experience in the application of the PEFA methodology by undertaking four national PEFA assessments over the years, the latest carried out in 2017 and the report due for completion in 2018. However, this is the first subnational assessment to be carried out in Kenya following the adoption of a devolved system of government. It is notable that the national and subnational PEFA assessments are almost being done concurrently and this is important because both levels of government share the same PFM system implying that an evidence-based reform agenda can be implemented simultaneously after areas that require improvements are identified. The subnational assessments, which covered 6 out of 47 counties, have been jointly financed by the World Bank and International Development Research Centre (IDRC) through the Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Accountability Study
    Abstract: The subnational Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) assessment seeks to ascertain the performance of the public financial management (PFM) system of county governments using the PEFA methodology. So far, the Government of Kenya has gained experience in the application of the PEFA methodology by undertaking four national PEFA assessments over the years, the latest of which was carried out in 2017 and the report is due for completion in 2018. However, this is the first subnational assessment to be carried out in Kenya following the adoption of a devolved system of government. It is notable that the national and subnational PEFA assessments are being almost done concurrently, and this is important because both levels of government share the same PFM system, implying that evidence-based reform agenda can be implemented simultaneously after areas of improvements are identified. The subnational assessments, which covered 6 out of 47 counties, have been jointly financed by the World Bank and International Development Research Centre (IDRC) through the Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Abstract: The objective of this report is to make recommendations for the Government of Jamaica (GoJ) for theformulation of a country-specific comprehensive disaster risk finance (DRF) strategy, based on the assessment of the legislative, financial management, fiscal, and insurance market environment in Jamaica
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Water Papers
    Abstract: A set of case studies were prepared as part of the World Bank's Water Global Practice initiative "Wastewater. Shifting paradigms: from waste to resource" to document existing experiences in the water sector on the topic. The case studies highlight innovative financing and contractual arrangements, innovative regulations and legislation and innovative project designs that promote integrated planning, resource recovery and that enhance the financial and environmental sustainability of wastewater treatment plants. This case study documents PRODES, Brazil
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Debt Management Performance Assessment
    Abstract: The objective of the mission was to assess the debt management strengths and areas in need of reform through the application of the Debt Management Performance Assessment (DeMPA) methodology. The DeMPA mission delivered an evaluation of the legal, institutional and regulatory framework in government debt management.Compared to the previous DeMPA assessment undertaken in 2008, impressive progress is observed in a number of areas. These include the quality and annual update of a medium-term debt management strategy and borrowing plans and procedures for external borrowing. Areas that have digressed or not improved include coordination with fiscal policy and debt sustainability analysis, and cash flow forecasting and cash management
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank E-Library Archive
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Abstract: The objective of this report is to make recommendations for the Government of Belize (GoB) for the formulation of a country-specific comprehensive disaster risk finance (DRF) strategy, based on the assessment of the legislative, financial management, fiscal, and insurance market environment in Belize
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Abstract: The objective of labor pr ...
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Abstract: The development of Brazil's modern social safety net is quite recent, and social assistance programs claim a relatively small share of resources of the broader social sector. A key feature of the Brazilian social protection system is the duality between formal sector workers, who gained social insurance and labor benefits as early as the 1930s, and the large number of mostly poor informal workers and their families who were historically excluded. The objective of social assistance programs in Brazil is to provide support to people living in poverty and other vulnerable groups. These programs primarily include social pensions for the poor elderly and disabled, conditional cash transfers for poor families, unconditional cash transfers, housing assistance for low-income households, school feeding, food programs, social services, and a variety of other small benefits and services. They are usually targeted to the poor or low-income groups via means-testing, or provide eligibility to specific vulnerable groups. Within the broader system of social protection, social assistance programs complement social insurance pensions, which are contributory by design but have been significantly subsidized from general taxation, and labor market programs, which are largely contributory and include a mix of active and passive benefits and services. The current note focuses on Social Assistance Programs while a second background chapter focuses on Labor market programs. This document is a Background Chapter for the report A fair adjustment : efficiency and equity of public spending in Brazil : Volume 1 - Overview (report No.121480)
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...