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  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (2,114)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (2,111)
  • México D.F. : Edebé Ediciones Internacionales S.A de C.V., Mexico  (3)
  • Wiesbaden : Springer VS
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  • 101
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264097704
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Corporate Governance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Corporate governance in Slovenia 2011
    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; Slowenien ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; Slovenia ; Slowenien ; Corporate Governance
    Abstract: This Review of Corporate Governance in Slovenia describes the corporate governance setting including the structure and ownership concentration of listed companies and the structure and operation of the state-owned sector. The Review then examines the legal and regulatory framework and company practices to assess the degree to which the recommendations of the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises have been implemented.
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  • 102
    ISBN: 9789264096233
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Economic diversification in Africa
    Keywords: Wirtschaftspolitik ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Afrika ; Angola ; Benin ; Kenia ; Südafrika ; Tunesien ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; Economics ; Afrika ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This study provides an empirical review of the role of governments, the private sector, regional economic institutions and the broader international community in driving economic diversification. Individual case studies of five African economies describe both the catalysts of and barriers to diversification. The study is published jointly by the United Nations Office of the Special Adviser on Africa (UN-OSAA) and the NEPAD-OECD Africa Investment Initiative.
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  • 103
    ISBN: 9789264112452
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Science, technologie et industrie ; Perspectives de l'OCDE 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Science, Technology and Industry Outlook 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Science, technologie et industrie : Perspectives de l'OCDE 2010
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  • 104
    ISBN: 9789264096684
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Environmental Innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better policies to support eco-innovation
    RVK:
    Keywords: Innovation ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Technologiepolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Technologietransfer ; Umweltschutz ; Clean Development Mechanism ; Public Private Partnership ; Fallstudie ; Environment ; OECD ; Umwelttechnik ; Forschungsförderung
    Abstract: Eco-innovation is more important than ever on the public policy agenda. It is a major driver for green growth and contributes to the environmental performance and economic development of OECD and developing countries alike. This report takes a pragmatic approach to policies that support the development and diffusion of eco-innovation. Building on the OECD Innovation Strategy, it argues that eco-innovation is not merely about technological developments: non-technical innovations matter as well. It acknowledges that policies do not operate in a vacuum and that they must take account of the contexts that influence the development and diffusion of eco-innovation, such as market structures. It explores links between eco-innovation policies and related fields such as industry, competition, and international cooperation. This work builds on an OECD inventory of eco-innovation policies in OECD countries and in China. It also draws on studies of select environment-friendly innovations, highlighting different patterns of development across countries. It also incorporates extensive international consultation on the topics of eco-innovation and green growth. The results from this publication will contribute to the Green Growth Strategy being developed by the OECD as a practical policy package for governments to harness the potential of greener growth. For more information on OECD work on eco-innovation, visit: www.oecd.org/greengrowth www.oecd.org/environment/innovation www.oecd.org/sti/innovation/green
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  • 105
    ISBN: 9789264096790
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Series Statement: Corporate Governance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Corporate governance in Asia 2011
    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; Asien ; Governance ; Asien ; Corporate Governance
    Abstract: In 2003, the Asian Roundtable on Corporate Governance produced recommendations to improve corporate governance in Asia, based on the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance. This report summarises the results of a stocktaking exercise to determine progress made to date and the challenges remaining in the implementation of these recommendations. Included in this book are valuable insights into corporate governance rules and practices of listed companies in Asia, notably: shareholder rights, the protection of non-controlling owners, transparency and disclosure, as well as the role of company boards.
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  • 106
    ISBN: 9789282103081
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Round Tables no.149
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer la pratique de l'évaluation des projets de transport
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is indispensable for making good decisions on what transport projects to fund. It essentially aims to figure out which projects offer the best value for money. However, the practical relevance of CBA does not always live up to its appeal in principle. One problem is that there is sometimes disagreement over what to include in CBA, both on the cost side and the benefits side of the analysis. As a result, value for money is not always fully transparent. More politically, value for money is only a partial criterion for decision-making, leading to disagreement about the relative importance of the results from CBA compared to other inputs to the decision-making process. This report examines the extent to which these shortcomings can be addressed. In terms of what to include in CBA, discussion focuses on equity and distributional impacts, productivity effects, agglomeration benefits and external costs. The focus then turns to how best to present guidance on project selection to decision makers. The report includes papers on the way CBA is used in three countries – France, Mexico and the United Kingdom – and how it is evolving in response to changing policy priorities.
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  • 107
    ISBN: 9789264111745
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Smart rules for fair trade
    DDC: 382/.63
    Keywords: 1961-2011 ; Exportkredit ; OECD-Staaten ; Trade ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Exportkredit
    Abstract: On the 50th anniversary of the OECD, we examine the unique work the organisation performs in regulating and rationalising governments’ use of export credits in support of exports, jobs, economic growth and national interests more broadly. This work is part of a global post war effort to emphasise multilateral co operation and sound economic policies to promote co operation, efficiency and prosperity rather than destructive competition, controversy and conflict. OECD export credits work is one of the basic building blocks of the ever growing structure of global trade agreements that aim to maintain open and efficient markets. The objective is to eliminate subsidies and unfair practices in the economic competition that forms the foundation of a healthy and dynamic global economy. The elimination of official financing subsidies in global trade is only a part of the broader trade policy agenda, but it is a vital part, and has been delegated to the OECD by the WTO. Since financing is the life blood of trade flows, specialised OECD housed work allows trade to flow efficiently for aircraft and other capital goods while other trade policy work and litigation continue at the WTO. The export credits work at the OECD is described in this collection of essays. However it is about much more than the series of agreements described herein. It is more fundamentally about the governments and their people - policy makers and experts - who gather at the OECD to build collectively a system of export credits disciplines that is fair, transparent, adaptable and effective. It is therefore as much about people and ideas as anything else. The export credit secretariat pictured above represents only the latest in a long line of OECD staff committed to facilitate and advise this work. The OECD’s motto on its 50th anniversary is “Better Policies for Better Lives.” This reminds us that in the end, it is policies that are at the centre of human well being. And export credits work is about promoting these better policies by developing “smart rules” that open markets and maintain a level playing field and by bringing people and governments together to this end.
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  • 108
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.181
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report surveys national broadband plans (NBP) across the OECD area, providing an overview of common elements and goals in those plans. An annex to this report contains references and links to the plans.
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  • 109
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.184
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Virtual worlds are increasingly evolving into Internet-mediated “spaces”, where large groups of people meet and interact in real-time while experiencing a shared sensation of being there together. This enables richer and more dynamic social interaction and collaboration across national and cultural boundaries over the Internet compared to other traditional ICT-based collaboration environments.
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  • 110
    ISBN: 9789264113749
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (47 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Keywords: Education ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: Learning for Jobs is an OECD study of vocational education and training (VET) designed to help countries make their VET systems more responsive to labour market needs. This special report looks at the system in China. China’s education system has made dramatic advances: almost all children in China now complete lower secondary education. Around three quarters continue into upper secondary schools, with fast increasing numbers in tertiary education. At upper secondary level about half the cohort enter vocational schools – more than 20 million students. At the same time the system faces significant challenges. The government is seeking to make the system accessible to all students – by removing the fees barrier, ensuring minimum quality standards in all vocational schools, and in providing adequate high quality workplace training opportunities. The OECD review assesses the main challenges faced by the VET system and presents an interconnected package of policy recommendations. For each recommendation, the report describes the challenge, the recommendation itself, supporting arguments, and issues of implementation.
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  • 111
    ISBN: 9789264098268
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (121 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Assistance Peer Reviews
    Keywords: Development ; Belgium
    Abstract: This publication presents the Development Assistance Committee peer review of the aid programmes and policies of Belgium for 2010. The policies and programmes of each DAC member are critically examined approximately once every four or five years. Five members are examined annually. The OECD’s Development Co-operation Directorate provides analytical support and is responsible for developing and maintaining the conceptual framework within which the Peer Reviews are undertaken. The Peer Review is prepared by a team, consisting of representatives of the Secretariat working with officials from two DAC members who are designated as “examiners”. The country under review provides a memorandum setting out the main developments in its policies and programmes. Then the Secretariat and the examiners visit the capital to interview officials, parliamentarians, as well as civil society and NGO representatives of the donor country to obtain a first-hand insight into current issues surrounding the development co-operation efforts of the member concerned. Field visits assess how members are implementing the major DAC policies, principles and concerns, and review operations in recipient countries, particularly with regard to poverty reduction, sustainability, gender equality and other aspects of participatory development, and local aid co-ordination. The Secretariat then prepares a draft report on the member’s development co-operation which is the basis for the DAC review meeting at the OECD. At this meeting senior officials from the member under review respond to questions formulated by the Secretariat in association with the examiners. This review contains the Main Findings and Recommendations of the Development Assistance Committee and the report of the Secretariat.
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  • 112
    Language: English
    Pages: 67 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.175
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Bundling can provide both benefits and drawbacks to broadband customers. In general, bundled services are less expensive when purchased together and consumer surplus from one good in the bundle can help “subsidise” another less-valued element. Bundling also allows the integration of products in a way that benefits consumers such as by giving them unified billing, a common helpline number or the integration of voice mail message retrieval via the television set...
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  • 113
    ISBN: 9789264113947
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Keywords: Education ; Norway
    Abstract: Learning for Jobs is an OECD study of vocational education and training (VET) designed to help countries make their VET systems more responsive to labour market needs. The Norwegian VET system has many strengths including strong and trustful co-operation between employers, unions and VET authorities and high-status VET tracks in upper secondary education. Many employers are keen to attract apprentices and there is a high level of adult literacy. But there are significant challenges, including an ageing workforce of school-based trainers, weak quality assurance mechanisms, high levels of dropout and concerns that the priority accorded to student choice may make the system unresponsive to labour market needs. The OECD review assesses the main challenges faced by the VET system and presents an interconnected package of policy recommendations. For each recommendation, the report describes the challenge, the recommendation itself, supporting arguments, and issues of implementation.
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  • 114
    ISBN: 9789264113763
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (51 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Learning for Jobs is an OECD study of vocational education and training (VET) designed to help countries make their VET systems more responsive to labour market needs. In England and Wales, a substantial commitment, backed by increased resources, has been made to the enhancement of workplace skills. Policy-making is self-evidently dynamic and innovative and governments are making conscious attempts to improve employer engagement – the particular topic of this report. At the same time there are a number of challenges – in particular that of linking enhanced employer engagement to a strong apprenticeship system, and of overcoming the obstacle of a complex and unstable institutional environment. The OECD review assesses the main challenges faced by the VET system and presents an interconnected package of policy recommendations. For each recommendation, the report describes the challenge, the recommendation itself, supporting arguments, and issues of implementation.
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  • 115
    Language: English
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'accès à l'enseignement préprimaire permet-il d'améliorer les résultats scolaires ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: It’s elementary: students benefit from pre-primary education. The OECD’s PISA 2009 results show that in practically all OECD countries 15-year-old students who had attended some pre-primary school outperformed students who had not. In fact, the difference between students who had attended for more than one year and those who had not attended at all averaged 54 score points in the PISA reading assessment – or more than one year of formal schooling (39 score points). While most students who had attended pre-primary education had come from advantaged backgrounds, the performance gap remains even when comparing students from similar backgrounds. After accounting for socio-economic background, students who had attended pre-primary school scored an average of 33 points higher than those who had not...
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  • 116
    Language: English
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.5
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comment certains élèves parviennent-ils à surmonter leur milieu socio-économique ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Are socio-economically disadvantaged students condemned to perpetuate an intergenerational cycle of poor academic achievement, poor job prospects and poverty? Not if they attend schools that provide them with more regular classes. Resilient students in the 2006 and 2009 PISA surveys displayed high levels of academic achievement despite the fact that they came from disadvantaged backgrounds. They beat the odds stacked against them to outperform peers from the same socio-economic background and be ranked among the top quarter of students internationally...
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  • 117
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264095298
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , ill.
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: PISA 2009 at a Glance is a companion publication to PISA 2009 Results, the six-volume report on the 2009 survey conducted by the OECD’s Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). PISA assesses the extent to which students near the end of compulsory education have acquired some of the knowledge and skills that are essential for full participation in modern societies. Its triennial assessments of 15-year-olds focus on reading, mathematics and science. PISA 2009 at a Glance provides easily accessible data on the some of the main issues analysed in the full report: What students know and can do: How do students compare in the knowledge and skills they show at school? Which countries are the best performers? Which perform poorly? Overcoming social background: Does a student’s socio-economic background affect his or her performance in school? Learning to learn: Are there some types of reading, and some ways of learning, that are better for students than others? What makes a school successful?: What traits do high-performing schools have in common? Each issue is presented on a two-page spread. The left-hand page explains what the issue means both for students and for participating countries and economies, discusses the main findings and provides readers with a roadmap for finding out more in other OECD publications and databases. The right-hand page contains clearly presented charts and tables, accompanied by dynamic hyperlinks (StatLinks) that direct readers to the corresponding data in Excel™ format. PISA 2009 at a Glance is an ideal introduction to PISA and to the OECD’s rich trove of internationally comparable data on education and learning.
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  • 118
    Language: English
    Pages: 89 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Working Papers no.2011/01
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2011/01
    Keywords: Industry and Services ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: London 2012 is set to be one the most ambitious Olympic Games ever to have taken place. Already a successful global city London has set itself a unique challenge – not simply to deliver a successful Olympic Games but to regenerate its most socio-economically challenged area of the city. The boroughs which will host 2012 are amongst the most deprived areas in the United Kingdom. The aim from the preparation of the bid was to address this long term challenge. Everyone involved in the delivery of 2012 and the economic development of London is under no illusion that simply by hosting the Olympics a century of deprivation will be eradicated. But accelerating 30-50 years of regeneration and infrastructure investment can create new economic opportunity.
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  • 119
    ISBN: 9789264091269
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La littératie, un atout pour la vie ; Version préliminaire; Nouveaux résultats de l'Enquête sur la littératie et les compétences des adultes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La littératie, un atout pour la vie : Version préliminaire: Nouveaux résultats de l'Enquête sur la littératie et les compétences des adultes
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Literacy for Life is the second report from the Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey. It presents additional results on the nature and magnitude of the literacy gaps faced by OECD countries and how these gaps have evolved over the medium term. It offers new insights into the factors that influence the formation of adult skills in various settings – at home and at work – for the eleven countries participating in the first and last round of data collection between 2003 and 2008. The study offers comparative evidence on the impact of various factors on the supply of skill. The study offers a special focus on numeracy skills and problem solving skills. It explores the relationships between numeracy and key socio-demographic factors as well as labour market outcomes and earnings. It highlights the importance of problem solving skills by defining this foundational skill and by exploring its determinants as well as its relative role in influencing important labour market outcomes. The report offers also an analysis of performance across multiple skill domains. It investigates the skill profiles of various population groups defined in terms of the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of those who score at levels deemed to be low in one or more skill domains and explores the resulting consequences. The report concludes by investigating the issue of skill mismatch in the labour market and its relationship to adult learning. The extent and distribution of mismatch between the day-to-day literacy related requirements of workers and the literacy skills they have obtained is an important issue that is being explored in this study.
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  • 120
    ISBN: 9789264122383
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (17 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 235 ; Chironomus sp., essai d'immobilisation immédiate
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 235 : Chironomus sp., essai d'immobilisation immédiate
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes an acute immobilisation assay on chronomids and is designed to complement existing Test Guidelines for chironomid chronic toxicity assays (TG 218, 219 and 233). The test method is based on TG 202: Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test. First instar Chironomus sp. larvae are exposed to a range of concentrations of the test substance in water-only vessels for a period of 48 hours. C. riparius is the preferred species but C. dilutus or C. yoshimatsui may also be used for the test. At least 20 larvae, preferably divided into four groups of five larvae each, should be used for each test concentration and for controls. In the definitive test, at least five test concentrations should be used, with a dilution water control and solvent control (if appropriate). Immobilisation is recorded at 24 and 48 hours, and if data allow, the EC50 is calculated at 24 and 48 hours. A limit test with a single concentration may also be performed at 100 mg/L of test substance or up to the practical limit of solubility (whichever is lowest) in order to demonstrate that the EC50 is greater than this concentration.
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  • 121
    ISBN: 9789264107199
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (58 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Conflict and Fragility
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Prévenir et réduire la violence armée dans les zones urbaines ; Note de programmation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Prevención y reducción de la violencia armada en las zonas urbanas ; Notas de programación
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Prévenir et réduire la violence armée dans les zones urbaines : Note de programmation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Prevención y reducción de la violencia armada en las zonas urbanas : Notas de programación
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: To help experts and practitioners working to tackle the problem of armed violence, these three Programming Notes build on the 2009 publication entitled Armed Violence Reduction: Enabling Development. These three notes cover armed violence in urban areas, youth and armed violence, and the linkages between armed violence reduction and security system reform.
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  • 122
    ISBN: 9789264097780
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (135 p.)
    Series Statement: Revisión de Políticas Nacionales de Educación
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Chile's International Scholarship Programme
    Keywords: Education ; Chile
    Abstract: La educación ha sido una prioridad central para Chile desde hace mucho tiempo y un factor clave para su desarrollo económico. Durante las dos últimas décadas, el país ha hecho un gran esfuerzo por aumentar el número de jóvenes que acceden a la educación superior. En 2008, Chile lanzó una prometedora iniciativa para desarrollar su capital humano con un programa de becas en el extranjero – el Programa Becas Chile – con el objetivo de formar a los 30 000 mejores estudiantes, incluyendo profesores y técnicos, en instituciones a su elección del mundo entero. Este informe conjunto de la OCDE y el Banco Mundial, proporciona una visión general del capital humano en Chile; describe las características del Programa Becas Chile; analiza puntos estratégicos y operacionales; y proporciona recomendaciones para mantener y mejorar el programa de becas en el extranjero. Este informe será de utilidad tanto a los profesionales de la educación en Chile como a sus colegas internacionales.
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  • 123
    ISBN: 9789264122819
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 488 ; Essais de mutations génétiques des cellules somatiques et germinales de rongeurs transgéniques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 488 : Essais de mutations génétiques des cellules somatiques et germinales de rongeurs transgéniques
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes an in vivo assay that detects chemicals that may induce gene mutations. In this assay, transgenic rats or mice that contain multiple copies of chromosomally integrated plasmid or phage shuttle vectors are used. The transgenes contain reporter genes for the detection of various types of mutations induced by test substances. A negative control group and a minimum of 3 treatment groups of transgenic animals are treated for 28 consecutive days. Administration is usually followed by a 3-day period of time, prior to sacrifice, during which the agent is not administered and during which unrepaired DNA lesions are fixed into stable mutations. At the end of this 3-day period, the animals are sacrificed, genomic DNA is isolated from the tissue(s) of interest and purified. Mutations that have arisen during treatment are scored by recovering the transgene and analysing the phenotype of the reporter gene in a bacterial host deficient for the reporter gene. Mutant frequency, the reported parameter in these assays,is calculated by dividing the number of plaques/plasmids containing mutations in the transgene by the total number of plaques/plasmids recovered from the same DNA sample.
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  • 124
    ISBN: 9789264166721
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It comprises explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the current Inshell Hazelnuts and Hazelnut Kernels standard. This brochure illustrates the standard text on Inshell Hazelnuts and Hazelnut Kernels. It demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. Thus it is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade in Inshell Hazelnuts and Hazelnut Kernels. The brochure also includes a USB key containing the electronic version of the publication.
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  • 125
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264119581
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Series Statement: Strong Performers and Successful Reformers in Education
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strong performers and successful reformers in education
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Griechenland ; Education ; Brazil ; Canada ; China, People’s Republic ; Finland ; Germany ; Japan ; Poland ; Singapore ; Sweden ; United States ; Griechenland ; Bildungspolitik
    Abstract: The future of Greece’s well-being will depend on improving educational performance to boost productivity and improve social outcomes. In the current economic context, with the need to get best value for spending, Greece must and can address inefficiencies in its education system. The challenges are significant. For example, Greece lags behind many OECD countries in performance on PISA, including countries with the same or lower levels of expenditure per student as well as countries with the same and lower levels of economic development. Salary costs per student are above the OECD average, mostly because Greek teachers have less teaching time and Greece has smaller classes. A smaller percentage of students who enter tertiary education complete a first degree within the statutory study time than in any other country in Europe. To address the challenges, the Greek government has established a bold agenda and sought advice from a task force on the development and implementation of reform proposals that reflect best practices in OECD countries. This report provides the outcomes of the work of the task force. It presents a roadmap for how the reforms can be successfully implemented, with pointers to relevant experience in other countries. As a contribution to the on-going policy discussions in Greece, it recommends specific short-, medium- and long-term actions that can improve efficiency in the country’s education system.
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  • 126
    ISBN: 9789264122550
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (25 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 443 ; Étude étendue de toxicité pour la reproduction sur une génération
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 443 : Étude étendue de toxicité pour la reproduction sur une génération
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline is designed to provide an evaluation of reproductive and developmental effects that may occur as a result of pre- and postnatal chemical exposure as well as an evaluation of systemic toxicity in pregnant and lactating females and young and adult offspring. In the assay, sexually-mature males and females rodents (parental (P) generation) are exposed to graduated doses of the test substance starting 2 weeks before mating and continuously through mating, gestation and weaning of their pups (F1 generation). At weaning, pups are selected and assigned to cohorts of animals for reproductive/developmental toxicity testing (cohort 1), developmental neurotoxicity testing (cohort 2) and developmental immunotoxicity testing (cohort 3). The F1 offspring receive further treatment with the test substance from weaning to adulthood. Clinical observations and pathology examinations are performed on all animals for signs of toxicity, with special emphasis on the integrity and performance of the male and female reproductive systems and the health, growth, development and function of the offspring. Part of cohort 1 (cohort 1B) may be extended to include an F2 generation; in this case, procedures for F1 animals will be similar to those for the P animals.
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  • 127
    ISBN: 9789264094444
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD rural policy reviews
    Keywords: Entwicklungsplanung ; England ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; United Kingdom ; Großbritannien ; Regionalplanung ; Ländliche Entwicklung
    Abstract: Rural England plays a significant role in the economy of the United Kingdom, but an even larger social and cultural role. And it is unique among OECD regions, in that it is geographically compact, with rural inhabitants generally no more than a half hour’s drive from an urban area. There is thus a vast amount of interaction between rural and urban populations in England. England’s rural population is, on average, doing better than the urban population across a broad range of socio-economic indicators. Nevertheless, rural England is also struggling with pockets of poverty and social exclusion, difficulties in maintaining access to high quality public services, an ageing population, and, most importantly, a widespread shortage of affordable housing. The government has adopted mainstreaming as its rural policy strategy. The objective of mainstreaming is to ensure that people in rural England have access to the same policies and programmes as those available in urban England. While mainstreaming is an attractive policy approach, especially in a country with strong rural-urban interactions such as England, it has proved challenging to implement for different reasons. This report examines the mainstreaming policy response as applied to rural England and suggests ways to increase its effectiveness. The report will interest academics and policy makers alike as it includes a discussion on governance structures and decentralisation; delivering public services; economic development; and the importance of improving connectivity in the context of rural areas. While the focus is on rural England, other OECD member countries will also benefit from the insights provided.
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  • 128
    ISBN: 9789264096851
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (78 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Guernsey ; Taxation ; Guernsey ; Guernsey ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 129
    ISBN: 9789264097087
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Australien ; Taxation ; Australia ; Australien ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 130
    ISBN: 9789264092211
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.)
    Series Statement: Policy Issues in Insurance no.13
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The impact of the financial crisis on the insurance sector and policy responses
    Keywords: Versicherung ; Versicherungsmarkt ; Finanzkrise ; OECD-Staaten ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Versicherungsmarkt ; Finanzkrise
    Abstract: This special report assesses the impact of the crisis on the insurance sector and reviews policy responses within OECD countries. It is based to a large extent on a quantitative and qualitative questionnaire that was circulated to OECD countries in 2009. The report shows that generallythe insurance sector demonstrated resilience to the crisis, though with some variation across the OECD, and concludes with a number of policy conclusions.
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  • 131
    Language: English
    Pages: 11 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.186
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report explains why digital identity management is fundamental for the further development of the Internet economy. It also provides guidance for digital identity strategies that support innovation across the public and private sectors while enhancing security, privacy and trust online.
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  • 132
    ISBN: 9789264097377
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (137 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of regional innovation
    DDC: 338/.06409466
    Keywords: Regionalpolitik ; Technologiepolitik ; Baskenland ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Spain ; Baskenland ; Innovationsförderung ; Regionalpolitik
    Abstract: The Basque Country region in Spain is world renowned for a successful industrial transformation, the urban regeneration of Bilbao, cultural distinctiveness, unique governance arrangements and high wealth levels. Over the last 30 years, the region has implemented its science, technology and innovation (STI) policy driven by a need to boost industrial competitiveness. The role of total factor productivity and innovation in driving growth was significant in the 1990s and declined in the early part of this decade, but appears to be on the rise again thanks in part to significant increases in public and private investment in innovation. The Basque Country has begun a transition from a model of incremental innovation in manufacturing to a model increasingly based on science and other forms of knowledge. Through a diagnostic of the innovation system and the policy mix, the review offers some policy and governance recommendations to achieve the region’s desired transition in light of global trends in the innovation process and innovation policy.
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  • 133
    Language: English
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Faut-il investir dans les cours de soutien après la classe ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: With all the competition to get into the right universities to secure the best jobs, secondary school students are often encouraged to take after-school classes in subjects already taught in school to help them improve their performance – even if that means forsaking other fun and interesting ways of spending after-school hours, such as playing sports, taking music lessons or volunteering at a local community centre or hospital. Students in the OECD area spend an average of nearly two-and-a-half hours per week in after-school lessons. In Greece, Israel, Korea, Turkey and the partner countries Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Qatar and Tunisia, students spend over four-and-a-half hours per week in such classes. Does that investment in after-school classes pay off?...
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  • 134
    ISBN: 9789264108738
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Forum mondial sur la transparence et l'échange de renseignements à des fins fiscales Rapport d'examen par les pairs ; Belgique 2011 ; Phase 1; cadre légal et réglementaire
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Forum mondial sur la transparence et l'échange de renseignements à des fins fiscales Rapport d'examen par les pairs : Belgique 2011 : Phase 1: cadre légal et réglementaire
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Belgien ; Taxation ; Belgium ; Belgien ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 135
    ISBN: 9789264096097
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Series Statement: Value for Money in Government
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Value for money in government
    Keywords: Neues Steuerungsmodell ; Niederlande ; Governance ; Netherlands ; Niederlande ; Verwaltung ; Finanzwirtschaft
    Abstract: Public administration has entered a new age. In the 1980s, “less” government was the prevailing idea; in the 1990s and early 21st century, “New Public Management” was the dominant theme. Today, public administration is moving in new directions. Reforms are focusing on the quality of services for citizens and businesses and on the efficiency of administration (the “back office” of government). The OECD is studying these new trends in a multi-annual, cross-country project called “Value for Money in Government”. This publication focuses on the Netherlands and provides an overview of previous Dutch reforms and recommendations for further reforms in view of the need to get better value for money from government.
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  • 136
    ISBN: 9789264074989
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (107 p.)
    Series Statement: DAC Guidelines and Reference Series
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Soutenir le renforcement de l'État dans les situations de conflit et de fragilité ; Document d'orientation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Soutenir le renforcement de l'État dans les situations de conflit et de fragilité : Document d'orientation
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Functioning states are essential for reducing poverty, sustaining peace and achieving agreed development goals. Despite receiving growing international attention in recent years, fragile states are falling behind other low-income countries in human development. Fragility – and its negative consequences – can destabilise entire regions and have global repercussions. Tackling the challenges associated with fragility requires a concerted international effort to support sustainable statebuilding processes, based on robust state-society relations. Supporting Statebuilding in Situations of Conflict and Fragility: Policy Guidance presents new thinking on statebuilding and clear recommendations for better practice. It provides an internationally accepted conceptual framework for statebuilding, informed by today’s realities of conflict-affected and fragile situations. Building on good practices already being successfully applied on the ground, this guidance lays out how developing and developed countries can better facilitate positive statebuilding processes and strengthen the foundations upon which capable and legitimate states are built. The recommendations in this guidance address critical areas for better international engagement from strategy development and programme design and delivery to day-to-day operations in the field and at headquarters.
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  • 137
    ISBN: 9789264110458
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Kanada ; Taxation ; Canada ; Kanada ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 138
    ISBN: 9789264090873
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Many socio-economically disadvantaged students excel in PISA. Students who succeed at school despite a disadvantaged background -- resilient students -- are the focus of Against the Odds. The report shows that overcoming barriers to achievement is possible, and provides students, parents, policy makers and other education stakeholders insights into what enables socio-economically disadvantaged students to fulfil their potential. Resilient students are characterised by positive approaches to learning, for example, having more interest in science or having more self-confidence. The evidence in PISA shows that positive approaches to learning tend to boost the performance of advantaged students more than that of disadvantaged ones. From an equity perspective, therefore, policies aimed at fostering positive approaches to learning ought to target disadvantaged students more than others.
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  • 139
    ISBN: 9789264110489
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Deutschland ; Taxation ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 140
    ISBN: 9789282102961
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (360 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Research Reports
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Moving freight with better trucks
    RVK:
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: This report identifies potential improvements in terms of more effective safety and environmental regulation for trucks, backed by better systems of enforcement, and identifies opportunities for greater efficiency and higher productivity. The report is based on a review of literature, consultation among stakeholders, and research and analysis from working group members. It also presents the results of a comprehensive benchmarking study of 39 truck configurations in operation around the world – from typical workhorse vehicles to very high capacity vehicles – and assesses their performance in terms of dynamic stability, productivity and impact on the infrastructure.
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  • 141
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.7
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Enseignement privé : Quels avantages ? Et pour qui ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: At some point in their child’s education, many parents have considered whether it would be worth the expense to enrol their child in a private school. For parents, private schools may offer a particular kind of instruction that is not available in public schools. If private schools also attract higher-performing students and better teachers than public schools, parents will also feel that they are securing the best possible education for their child...
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  • 142
    Language: English
    Pages: 7 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.185
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: These terms of reference articulate a shared view among OECD members about key aspects of the current context for privacy protection and provide orientation for further work on the review of the OECD Privacy Guidelines in light of changing technologies, markets and user behaviour and the growing importance of digital identities.
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  • 143
    ISBN: 9789264113596
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (62 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Keywords: Education ; Australia
    Abstract: Learning for Jobs is an OECD study of vocational education and training (VET) designed to help countries make their VET systems more responsive to labour market needs. The Australian VET system has many strengths including strong engagement of employers, a well established national qualification system, extensive VET data and research. The system is flexible and allows for a fair degree of local autonomy and experimentation. But at the same time there are a number of challenges, including a lack of clarity and potentially duplication in the respective roles of Commonwealth, states and territories in planning and delivering VET, a lack of clear and simple rules for entitlement to funding, difficulties in providing a reliable foundation in skills forecasts, some gaps in the data base, somewhat complicated and cumbersome training packages and an ageing teacher and trainer workforce. The OECD review assesses the main challenges faced by the VET system and presents an interconnected package of policy recommendations. For each recommendation, the report describes the challenge, the recommendation itself, supporting arguments, and issues of implementation.
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  • 144
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: International Transport Forum Discussion Papers no.2011/01
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  • 145
    Language: English
    Pages: 42 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.59
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: The OECD Secretariat, at the invitation of the AHELO Group of National Experts, contracted the Tuning Association to undertake initial development work on learning outcomes to be used for valid and reliable assessments of students from diverse institutions and countries. The two disciplines selected for the AEHLO Feasibility Study are engineering and economics. Following the Tuning approach, academics from various regions and countries in the world reached consensus on definitions of expected learning outcomes for bachelor’s-type programmes in both disciplines. This Working Paper presents the outcomes of their work for the economics discipline. This report intends to identify a set of learning outcomes and spur on a collective reflection on learning outcomes for economics at the transnational level. In addition to the agreed upon learning outcomes, the paper presents an overview of the field of economics, the typical degrees and occupations in economics associated to the first and second cycle degrees. The paper also discusses the role of learning outcomes and presents the approach used to defining them. A summary of some of the prior work on the learning outcomes approaches in the economics field is also provided.
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  • 146
    ISBN: 9789264113800
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (74 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Studien zur Berufsbildung ; Lernen für die Arbeitswelt Studie über Deutschland 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Studien zur Berufsbildung : Lernen für die Arbeitswelt Studie über Deutschland 2010
    Keywords: Education ; Germany
    Abstract: Learning for Jobs is an OECD study of vocational education and training (VET) designed to help countries make their VET systems more responsive to labour market needs. Germany has a very well developed and widely respected VET system with a strong dual component integrating learning in schools and workplace training. VET policy, design and delivery are strongly supported by social partner engagement and institutionalised VET research capacity. At the same time the German system confronts several challenges: the transition system is costly and suffers from undue fragmentation; more attention could be placed on adequate career guidance and basic skills provision; assessment is dominated by the Chamber exam; and only very few VET graduates take up university studies despite reforms to open access considerably. The OECD review assesses the main challenges faced by the VET system and presents an interconnected package of policy recommendations. For each recommendation, the report describes the challenge, the recommendation itself, supporting arguments, and issues of implementation.
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  • 147
    Language: English
    Pages: 90 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.177
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper analyses and compares national strategies for digital identity management in OECD countries. These strategies aim to drive innovation for e-government and for the broader Internet economy while remaining consistent with current national identity practices.
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  • 148
    Language: English
    Pages: 12 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Working Papers on Sovereign Borrowing and Public Debt Management no.2
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  • 149
    Language: English
    Pages: 111 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Trade Policy Working Papers no.107
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  • 150
    ISBN: 9789264113879
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (60 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Keywords: Education ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: Learning for Jobs is an OECD study of vocational education and training (VET) designed to help countries make their VET systems more responsive to labour market needs. The Korean VET system is part of a system of education which has achieved huge advances in a very short time; school results and educational attainment levels are now among the highest in OECD countries. At the same time, the rapidity of change has presented the Korean VET system with some significant challenges, including weak involvement of industry in VET, lack of quality standards for workplace training, weak linkages between VET degree and national technical qualifications and lack of practical work experience among VET teachers. The OECD review assesses the main challenges faced by the VET system and presents an interconnected package of policy recommendations. For each recommendation, the report describes the challenge, the recommendation itself, supporting arguments, and issues of implementation.
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  • 151
    ISBN: 9789264116030
    Language: Italian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Italy; Review of Issues and Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Italy: Review of Issues and Policies
    Keywords: Industry and Services ; Italy
    Abstract: Questo rapporto costituisce una valutazione indipendente su alcuni problemi del turismo italiano condotta da responsabili ed esperti di altri paesi. E’ indicativo, in una qualche misura, di come gli altri vedono l’Italia e come il paese nel suo complesso si confronta con gli altri. L’analisi si è concentrata su cinque grandi questioni del turismo italiano: la sua competitività, la sua organizzazione istituzionale e il rapporto Stato-Regioni, la necessità di migliorare le informazioni statistiche, la qualificazione del capitale unamo, il suo affioramento e la sua formazione, l’attrattività e la promozione del brand Italia.
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  • 152
    ISBN: 9789264113558
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Edition: Versão Condensada
    Keywords: Development
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  • 153
    ISBN: 9789264097391
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (71 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lessons from PISA for Mexico
    Keywords: Education ; Mexico
    Abstract: En noviembre de 2007, el presidente Felipe Calderón presentó las principales estrategias, objetivos y metas de desempeño en educación del gobierno mexicano. La primera meta de desempeño de la administración del presidente Calderón fue elevar substancialmente el aprovechamiento de los alumnos para alcanzar un promedio nacional combinado de 435 puntos en el Programa para la Evaluación Internacional de Alumnos (PISA, por sus siglas en inglés), en lectura y matemáticas, para el año 2012. En esta publicación se presenta un resumen de las tendencias en el desempeño de México en PISA y se les considera en relación con el objetivo de PISA fijado por el gobierno mexicano. Asimismo, se examinan las tendencias con respecto al acceso a la educación para los jóvenes de 15 años de edad y las cuestiones de equidad, indicadas por el impacto del entorno socioeconómico en el desempeño de los alumnos. Los adelantos que ha logrado México desde que el presidente Calderón estableció la meta de desempeño de PISA han sido significativos. México parece estar bien encaminado para cumplir su objetivo de desempeño en 2012. Además, en la publicación se analiza el desempeño de México en comparación con otros países de la OCDE, del G20 y con economías similares a fin de destacar que aún se necesita mejorar. Con base en una comparación del desempeño entre las escuelas mexicanas, el informe indica que un desempeño relativamente más alto no está condicionado por el entorno socioeconómico. El reporte concluye al reunir evidencia de PISA y el análisis de una selección de los sistemas educativos de desempeño más alto, con lo que se ofrece una perspectiva a largo plazo para la mejora educativa en México.
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  • 154
    ISBN: 9789264098077
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2009 Results; Learning Trends; Changes in Student Performance Since 2000 (Volume V)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Résultats du PISA 2009 ; Tendances dans l'apprentissage ; L'évolution de la performance des élèves depuis 2000 (Volume V)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2009 Results: Learning Trends: Changes in Student Performance Since 2000 (Volume V)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Résultats du PISA 2009 : Tendances dans l'apprentissage : L'évolution de la performance des élèves depuis 2000 (Volume V)
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Band V, Lernfortschritte im globalen Wettbewerb: Veränderungen bei den Schülerleistungen seit 2000, befasst sich mit der Frage, welche Fortschritte die Länder bei der Anhebung des Leistungsniveaus und der Verbesserung der Chancengerechtigkeit in der Bildung erzielt haben.
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  • 155
    ISBN: 9789264094475
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.)
    Edition: Cuarta edición
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment 2008; Fourth Edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 ; Quatrième édition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Benchmark Definition of Foreign Direct Investment 2008: Fourth Edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Définition de référence de l'OCDE des investissements directs internationaux 2008 : Quatrième édition
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics
    Abstract: La inversión extranjera directa (IED) es uno de los principales motores de la globalización. A medida que los patrones de inversión de las empresas multinacionales se vuelven más complejos, es necesario contar con estadísticas de IED fiables y comparables a nivel internacional para una toma de decisiones sensata y sólida. La Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa de la OCDE, establece la norma general para las estadísticas de IED, pues ofrece un punto de referencia único para los productores de estadísticas y para los usuarios en todos los aspectos de la información relacionada con la IED, sin dejar de ser consistente con otras normas estadísticas aceptadas a nivel internacional. Esta edición presenta nuevos desgloses analíticos y tratamientos estadísticos que reflejan de una forma más adecuada la realidad de la economía mundial. La edición revisada de la Definición Marco de Inversión Extranjera Directa ofrece métodos para clasificar distintos tipos de IED (como fusiones y adquisiciones, inversiones nuevas) y para identificar al inversor final. Esta nueva edición también contempla aspectos relacionados con el uso de las estadísticas de IED, incluyendo indicadores de globalización, con un capítulo sobre las estadísticas relacionadas con las actividades de las empresas multinacionales.
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  • 156
    ISBN: 9789264096936
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (70 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Trinidad und Tobago ; Taxation ; Trinidad and Tobago ; Trinidad ; Tobago ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 157
    ISBN: 9789264097254
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Norwegen ; Taxation ; Norway ; Norwegen ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 158
    ISBN: 9789264096905
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (82 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; San Marino ; Taxation ; San Marino ; San Marino ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 159
    ISBN: 9789264096929
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Seychellen ; Taxation ; Seychelles ; Seychellen ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 160
    ISBN: 9789264098473
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environmentaux de l'OCDE; Norvège 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environmentaux de l'OCDE: Norvège 2011
    Keywords: Environment ; Norway
    Abstract: This report presents the third OECD review of Norway’s environmental policy performance. Previous reviews were published in 2001 and 1993. Topics covered in this report include greening growth, implementation of environmental policies, international cooperation, climate change, waste management and the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle), and nature and biodiversity.
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  • 161
    Language: English
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.6
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Redoublement et transfert des élèves : Quel impact pour les systèmes d'éducation ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: School systems handle the challenges of diverse student populations in different ways. Some countries have non-selective and comprehensive school systems that seek to provide all students with similar opportunities, leaving it to individual schools and teachers to meet the particular needs of every student. Other countries group students, whether in different schools or in different classes within schools, with the aim of serving students according to their particular academic potential, interests and/or behaviour. Having underperforming students repeat grades or transferring struggling or disruptive students to other schools are two common policies used to group students for this reason...
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  • 162
    ISBN: 9789264108868
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Ghana ; Taxation ; Ghana ; Ghana ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 163
    ISBN: 9789264113541
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (206 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: This OECD Guide to Measuring the Information Society is a compilation of concepts, definitions, classifications and methods for information society measurement and analysis.
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  • 164
    ISBN: 9789264097629
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD territorial reviews
    Keywords: Wirtschaftslage ; Regionalentwicklung ; Regionalpolitik ; Nordeuropa ; Färöer ; Grönland ; Island ; Norwegen ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Faroe Islands ; Greenland ; Iceland ; Färöer ; Grönland ; Island ; Norwegen ; Regionalentwicklung ; Wirtschaftliche Lage
    Abstract: The North Atlantic (NORA) region is a transnational area comprising the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Iceland, and the coastal counties of Norway. These territories are linked by shared characteristics and challenges, as well as by historical, institutional and cultural links. Improving accessibility to the region, ensuring sustainable development of its fisheries, enlarging and diversifying its economic base, and meeting the challenges of climate change are key issues. Strengthened regional co-operation can help these territories address them by exchanging know-how and best practices, pooling resources and reaching economies of scale, improving the efficiency of public sector provision, and increasing the “voice” of the region. However, transnational co-operation in the NORA region faces some barriers, as it involves territories that compete in their main economic activities, are separated by large distances, and have strong institutional and economic links with other countries and regions. In order to get the most from transnational co-operation, this report recommends that the NORA territories: focus co-operation efforts on targeted themes and issues; draw up a regional development strategy; promote greater awareness of the benefits of co-operation; develop a “variable geometry” approach to regional co-operation; and enlarge and refine the role of the NORA institution as a facilitator of co-operation.
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  • 165
    ISBN: 9789264112995
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (396 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Résultats du PISA 2009 ; Élèves en ligne ; Technologies numériques et performance (Volume VI)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Résultats du PISA 2009 : Élèves en ligne : Technologies numériques et performance (Volume VI)
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This sixth volume of PISA 2009 results explores students’ use of information technologies to learn. For PISA 2009, the framework for reading literacy has been developed to encompass reading electronic texts. This has led to an expansion of the description of text types to take account of the electronic environment, as well as a redefinition of the aspects of reading, to embrace, for example, the requirement for integration of information from multiple unrelated texts, as well as other features. The PISA 2009 reading framework and the assessment instrument together provide an operational definition and description of the distinctive structures and types of both text and task that constitute electronic reading, allowing an exploration of factors that contribute to difficulty. PISA 2009 therefore provides an opportunity to investigate electronic reading on a large scale. This book presents some initial findings.
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  • 166
    ISBN: 9789264111110
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guide OCDE sur le devoir de diligence pour des chaînes d'approvisionnement responsables en minerais provenant de zones de conflit ou à haut risque
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD due diligence guidance for responsible supply chains of minerals from conflict-affected and high-risk areas
    Keywords: Governance ; Development ; Ratgeber ; Entwicklungsländer ; Krisengebiet ; Mineral ; Abbau ; Industrie
    Abstract: Trade and investment in natural mineral resources hold great potential for generating income, growth and prosperity, sustaining livelihoods and fostering local development. However, a large share of these resources is located in conflict-affected and high-risk areas. In these areas, exploitation of natural mineral resources is significant and may contribute, directly or indirectly, to armed conflict, gross human rights violations and hinder economic and social development. The OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas provides step-by-step management recommendations endorsed by governments for global responsible supply chains of minerals in order for companies to respect human rights and avoid contributing to conflict through their mineral or metal purchasing decisions and practices. The Due Diligence Guidance may be used by any company potentially sourcing minerals or metals from conflict-affected and high-risk areas, and is intended to cultivate transparent, conflict-free supply chains and sustainable corporate engagement in the minerals sector.
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  • 167
    ISBN: 9789264097445
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (524 p.)
    Series Statement: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The criminalisation of bribery in Asia and the Pacific
    Keywords: Korruption ; Kriminalität ; Asiatisch-pazifischer Raum ; Governance ; Asiatisch-Pazifischer Raum ; Korruption ; Bekämpfung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Criminalisation is a key component of all international anti-corruption instruments. For example, the OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions (Anti-Bribery Convention) and the UN Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) both require States Parties to enact specific criminal offences on bribery. The Asian Development Bank (ADB)/Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Anti-Corruption Initiative's Action Plan commits countries to ensure ‘the existence of legislation with dissuasive sanctions which effectively and actively combat the offence of bribery of public officials’. However, criminalisation can be a challenging task, as experienced by many countries Party to the Anti-Bribery Convention. This report reviews the criminalisation of bribery offences in Asian countries under the UNCAC. Drawing on the experience of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention's monitoring mechanism, the review focuses on each member's implementation of UNCAC Articles 15, 16 and 26 (domestic and foreign bribery by natural and legal persons). The review also identifies trends and challenges across the Asia-Pacific region.
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  • 168
    ISBN: 9789264119208
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Corporate governance of listed companies in China
    DDC: 338.60951
    RVK:
    Keywords: Corporate Governance ; Aktiengesellschaft ; Aufsichtsrat ; China ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; China, People’s Republic ; China ; Corporate Governance
    Abstract: This report looks at the institutional framework of corporate governance in China through the prism of the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and is a product of the ongoing OECD-China Policy Dialogue on Corporate Governance. By assessing a broad range of laws, regulations and codes, it provides a valuable reference for understanding how much has been achieved in Chinese corporate governance and the main ambitions of future reform efforts. The report shows that corporate governance has improved significantly since the Chinese stock market was created in 1990, with important achievements in establishing and developing the legal and regulatory framework. The OECD-China Self-Assessment represents a thorough review of all laws, regulations and codes that relate to every principle recommended by the OECD Principles of Corporate Governance. It documents the advances in the Chinese Corporate Governance framework. Building on this report, bilateral co-operation between China and the OECD will continue to enhance the understanding of China’s corporate governance system and how it impacts on company and investor behaviour.
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  • 169
    ISBN: 9789264108295
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Bahamas ; Taxation ; Bahamas ; Bahamas ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 170
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Education Working Papers no.49
    Keywords: Education ; Poland
    Abstract: Increasing the share of vocational secondary schooling has been a mainstay of development policy for decades, especially in formerly socialist countries. However, the transition to market economies led to significant restructuring of school systems and a decline in the number of vocational students. Exposing more students to a general curriculum could improve academic abilities. To test the hypothesis that delayed vocational streaming improves academic outcomes, this paper analyses Poland’s significant improvement in international achievement tests and the restructuring of the education system, which expanded general schooling. Using propensity-score matching and difference-in-differences estimates, the authors show that delaying vocational education had a positive and significant impact on student performance on the order of one standard deviation.
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  • 171
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.8
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les élèves d'aujourd'hui lisent-ils par plaisir ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Students who are highly engaged in a wide range of reading activities are more likely than other students to be effective learners and to perform well at school. Research also documents a strong link between reading practices, motivation and proficiency among adults. Proficiency in reading is crucial for individuals to make sense of the world they live in and to continue learning throughout their lives...
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  • 172
    ISBN: 9789264113756
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (69 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Keywords: Education ; Czech Republic
    Abstract: Learning for Jobs is an OECD study of vocational education and training (VET) designed to help countries make their VET systems more responsive to labour market needs. The Czech Republic has done much to improve its VET system through the introduction of a new qualification system and a national standardised exam in apprenticeship programmes, among other initiatives. The Czech VET system is supported by an impressive date base on labour market outcomes of education and training. At the same time, the general skills of apprenticeship graduates are poor and their situation in the labour market is fragile. Students also need better information about career choices, and the provision of workplace training is highly variable. The OECD review assesses the main challenges faced by the VET system and presents an interconnected package of policy recommendations. For each recommendation, the report describes the challenge, the recommendation itself, supporting arguments, and issues of implementation.
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  • 173
    ISBN: 9789264098305
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (126 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Assistance Peer Reviews
    Keywords: Development ; Japan
    Abstract: The OECD Development Assistance Committee's 2010 peer review of Japan's development assistance programmes and policies.This review assesses the extent to which the development policies, strategies and activities of Japan meet the standards set by the DAC. Members provide constructive criticism and recommendations based on a report that touches on aid policies, volumes, institutions and field operations.
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  • 174
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.182
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report examines recent developments regarding the use of fibre to provide local access networks for the provision of broadband access. Countries across the OECD are adopting different approaches to stimulate investment and to define the terms of competition to end-users in a Fibre to the Home/Building (FTTH/B) world.
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  • 175
    ISBN: 9789264113985
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Keywords: Education ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Learning for Jobs is an OECD study of vocational education and training (VET) designed to help countries make their VET systems more responsive to labour market needs. The Swiss VET system is very impressive. Its many strengths include strong employer engagement within a well functioning partnership of Confederation, cantons and professional organisations. School and work-based learning are integrated; the system is well-resourced, flexible and comprehensive, including a strong tertiary VET sector. VET teachers and trainers, examiners and directors are well prepared, quality control is ensured, career guidance is systematic and professional. Evidence is well developed and routinely used to support policy arguments. But at the same time there are a number of challenges. The global recession may reduce the provision of apprenticeship training, the entry of international companies may threaten dual system arrangements, competition between academic and vocational education could be sharpened by demographic changes, and there are some equity concerns. The OECD review assesses the main challenges faced by the VET system and presents an interconnected package of policy recommendations. For each recommendation, the report describes the challenge, the recommendation itself, supporting arguments, and issues of implementation.
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  • 176
    ISBN: 9789264128392
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Peru
    Abstract: This book provides a comprehensive assessment of the innovation system of Peru, focusing on the role of government. It provides concrete recommendations and identifies good practices on how to improve policies that affect innovation performance, including R&D policies.
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  • 177
    Language: English
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Amélioration des performances : Et si la réussite venait d'en bas ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Since the PISA 2000 and 2009 surveys both focused on reading, one can track in detail how student reading performance has changed over that period. Among the 26 OECD countries with comparable results in both assessments, Chile, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Korea, Poland, Portugal, and the partner countries Albania, Brazil, Indonesia, Latvia, Liechtenstein and Peru all show overall improvements in reading performance. The fact that such a diverse group of countries succeeded in raising the level of their students’ performance in reading indicates that improvement is possible regardless of a country’s cultural context or where it starts out from. For example, Korea was already among the best-performing countries in 2000 and it improved further by 2009, Poland moved from below the OECD average to above it, and Chile rose from a relatively low performance rank to one that is much closer to that of other OECD countries...
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  • 178
    ISBN: 9789264113978
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (58 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Keywords: Education ; Sweden
    Abstract: Learning for Jobs is an OECD study of vocational education and training (VET) designed to help countries make their VET systems more responsive to labour market needs. Sweden has a well-established VET system at upper secondary level, grounded on strong outcomes in basic schooling, with high-status VET tracks and modest rates of dropout. The challenges to the system include relatively high rates of unemployment for young people, an ageing workforce of school-based trainers, and very limited engagement by the social partners. The OECD review assesses the main challenges faced by the VET system and presents an interconnected package of policy recommendations. For each recommendation, the report describes the challenge, the recommendation itself, supporting arguments, and issues of implementation.
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  • 179
    Language: English
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.9
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Autonomie et responsabilisation des établissements d'enseignement : Quel impact sur la performance des élèves ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: In recent years, many schools have grown into more autonomous organisations and have become more accountable to students, parents and the public at large for their outcomes. PISA results suggest that, when autonomy and accountability are intelligently combined, they tend to be associated with better student performance...
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  • 180
    Language: English
    Pages: 4 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: PISA in Focus no.10
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réussite scolaire : Comment les parents peuvent-ils aider leurs enfants ?
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Most parents know, instinctively, that spending more time with their children and being actively involved in their education will give their children a good head-start in life. But as many parents have to juggle competing demands at work and at home, there never seems to be enough time. Often, too, parents are reluctant to offer to help their children with school work because they feel they lack some of the skills that would make a difference to their children’s success in school...
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  • 181
    ISBN: 9789264119994
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (65 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Preventing and Reducing Armed Violence in Urban Areas; Programming Note
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Prévenir et réduire la violence armée dans les zones urbaines ; Note de programmation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Preventing and Reducing Armed Violence in Urban Areas: Programming Note
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Prévenir et réduire la violence armée dans les zones urbaines : Note de programmation
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Con el fin de ayudar los expertos en desarrollo a hacer frente al problema de la violencia armada, tres notas de programación han sido elaboradas con el fin de sacar todo el partido a la publicación de 2009 Reducir la violencia armada: Hacer posible el desarrollo. Estas tres notas cubren los siguientes temas: la violencia armada en zonas urbanas, la juventud y la violencia armada, los vínculos existentes entre la reducción de la violencia armada y la reforma de los sistemas de seguridad.
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  • 182
    ISBN: 9789264095410
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (285 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2009 Results; What Makes a School Successful?; Resources, Policies and Practices (Volume IV)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Résultats du PISA 2009 ; Les clés de la réussite des établissements d'enseignement ; Ressources, politiques et pratiques (Volume IV)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2009 Results: What Makes a School Successful?: Resources, Policies and Practices (Volume IV)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Résultats du PISA 2009 : Les clés de la réussite des établissements d'enseignement : Ressources, politiques et pratiques (Volume IV)
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Sind die Schülerinnen und Schüler gut auf die Herausforderungen der Zukunft vorbereitet? Können sie analysieren, logisch denken und ihre Ideen effektiv kommunizieren? Haben sie Interessen entwickelt, die sie ihr ganzes Leben hindurch als produktive Mitglieder von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft weiterverfolgen können? Die Internationale Schulleistungsstudie der OECD (PISA) sucht durch die umfassendste und weitreichendste internationale Erhebung der Kenntnisse und Fähigkeiten von Schülerinnen und Schülern Antworten auf diese Fragen zu liefern. Die Gruppe der an PISA teilnehmenden Länder und Partnerländer macht insgesamt nahezu 90% der Weltwirtschaft aus. PISA 2009 Ergebnisse stellt die Erkenntnisse vor, die bei der jüngsten PISA-Erhebung gewonnen wurden. Schwerpunkt war diesmal wieder die Lesekompetenz, evaluiert wurden aber auch die Schülerleistungen in Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften. · Band I, Was Schülerinnen und Schüler wissen und können: Schülerleistungen in Lesekompetenz, Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, vergleicht die Kenntnisse und Fähigkeiten der Schüler in den verschiedenen Ländern. · Band II, Potenziale nutzen und Chancengerechtigkeit sichern: Sozialer Hintergrund und Schülerleistungen, befasst sich mit der Frage, wie gut es den Bildungssystemen gelingt, den Effekt des sozioökonomischen Hintergrunds und des Migrationsstatus auf die Schüler- und Schulleistungen einzudämmen. · Band III, Learning to Learn: Student Engagement, Strategies and Practices (nur in Englisch verfügbar), setzt sich mit der Motivation, dem Leseengagement und dem Einsatz effektiver Lernstrategien bei 15-Jährigen auseinander. · Band IV, Was macht eine Schule erfolgreich? Lernumfeld und schulische Organisation in PISA, untersucht, wie sich die personellen, finanziellen und materiellen Ressourcen sowie die Politik und Praxis der Schulen auf die Lernergebnisse der Schüler auswirken. · Band V, Lernfortschritte im globalen Wettbewerb: Veränderungen bei den Schülerleistungen seit 2000, befasst sich mit der Frage, welche Fortschritte die Länder bei der Anhebung des Leistungsniveaus und der Verbesserung der Chancengerechtigkeit in der Bildung erzielt haben. · Band VI, Students On Line: Reading and Using Digital Information (nur in Englisch verfügbar), untersucht, wie gut die Schülerinnen und Schüler Informationstechnologien für Lernzwecke nutzen können. PISA 2009 markiert den Beginn des zweiten Erhebungszyklus, in dessen Rahmen 2012 schwerpunktmäßig die Mathematikleistungen und 2015 die Leistungen in Naturwissenschaften untersucht werden sollen. Die Internationale Schulleistungsstudie der OECD (PISA) PISA richtet das Augenmerk auf die Fähigkeit der Jugendlichen, ihre Kenntnisse und Fertigkeiten zur Bewältigung alltäglicher Herausforderungen einzusetzen. Diese Orientierung spiegelt eine Veränderung in den Zielen der Lehrpläne wider, in denen es zunehmend darum geht, wie die Schülerinnen und Schüler ihr Schulwissen konkret nutzen können, und nicht mehr nur um die Fähigkeit zur Wiedergabe des Gelernten. Zu den Besonderheiten von PISA gehören: · Politikorientierung: Daten über die Lernergebnisse der Schülerinnen und Schüler werden mit Informationen über deren Hintergrundmerkmale und über wichtige Faktoren, die ihr Lernen innerhalb und außerhalb der Schule beeinflussen, verknüpft, um Unterschiede bei den Leistungsstrukturen hervorzuheben und zu untersuchen, wodurch sich Schüler, Schulen und Bildungssysteme, die hohe Leistungen erbringen, auszeichnen. · Innovatives Konzept der Grundbildung: Dabei geht es um die Kapazität der Schülerinnen und Schüler, Kenntnisse und Fertigkeiten in wichtigen Fächern zur Definition, Interpretation und Lösung von Problemen in einer Vielzahl von Situationen zu nutzen, sowie ihre Fähigkeit, zu analysieren, logisch zu denken und effektiv zu kommunizieren. · Relevanz für das lebenslange Lernen: Bei PISA werden nicht nur die Kompetenzen der Schülerinnen und Schüler in den Schulfächern erfasst, sondern auch Informationen über ihre Lernmotivation, Selbsteinschätzung und Lernstrategien erhoben. · Regelmäßigkeit: Die Länder haben die Möglichkeit, ihre Fortschritte bei der Verwirklichung entscheidender Lernziele im Zeitverlauf zu beobachten. · Große geografische Reichweite und kooperativer Charakter: An PISA 2009 nahmen alle 34 OECD-Mitgliedstaaten sowie 41 Partnerländer und -volkswirtschaften teil.
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  • 183
    ISBN: 9789264112520
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (105 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Assistance Peer Reviews
    Keywords: Development ; New Zealand
    Abstract: The OECD Development Assistance Committee's 2010 peer review of New Zealand's development assistance programmes and policies. This review assesses the extent to which the development policies, strategies and activities of New Zealand meet the standards set by the DAC. Members provide constructive criticism and recommendations based on a report that touches on aid policies, volumes, institutions and field operations.
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  • 184
    ISBN: 9789264096172
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Armed Violence Reduction; Enabling Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Armed Violence Reduction: Enabling Development
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Una media de 740 000 personas muere cada año como resultado de la violencia armada. Esta publicación ayudará a la comunidad internacional a entender las dinámicas de la violencia armada, y resumirá qué se puede hacer para reducirla. Reducir la violencia armada identifica una serie de tendencias emergentes importantes. En primer lugar, el conflicto y el crimen cada vez están más relacionados. En segundo lugar, los niveles de violencia armada son un importante reto en muchos países que no se encuentran en situación de conflicto. En tercer lugar, el aumento de las poblaciones jóvenes en el Sur y la aparición de espacios urbanos infragobernados y de bandas juveniles, son una realidad en muchas partes del mundo. Además, cada vez son mayores los vínculos entre las cuestiones de seguridad local, nacional, regional, y global, por ejemplo, a través del tráfico de drogas, de armas y de personas. Reducir la violencia armada presenta un buen número de posibilidades que pueden ayudar a responder a los retos planteados y, en última instancia, facilitar el desarrollo.
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  • 185
    ISBN: 9789264117082
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (105 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Assistance Peer Reviews
    Keywords: Development ; Denmark
    Abstract: This review assesses the extent to which the development policies, strategies and activities of Denmark in 2011 meet the standards set by the DAC.The review provides constructive criticism and recommendations based on a report that touches on aid policies, volumes, institutions and field operations.
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  • 186
    ISBN: 9789264120501
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (55 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linking Security System Reform and Armed Violence Reduction; Programming Note
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Relier la réforme des systèmes de sécurité et la réduction de la violence armée ; Note de programmation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linking Security System Reform and Armed Violence Reduction: Programming Note
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Relier la réforme des systèmes de sécurité et la réduction de la violence armée : Note de programmation
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Con el fin de ayudar los expertos en desarrollo a hacer frente al problema de la violencia armada, tres notas de programación han sido elaboradas con el fin de sacar todo el partido a la publicación de 2009 Reducir la violencia armada: Hacer posible el desarrollo. Estas tres notas cubren los siguientes temas: la violencia armada en zonas urbanas, la juventud y la violencia armada, los vínculos existentes entre la reducción de la violencia armada y la reforma de los sistemas de seguridad.
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  • 187
    ISBN: 9789264099104
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (356 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La naturalisation; un passeport pour une meilleure intégration des immigrés ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La naturalisation: un passeport pour une meilleure intégration des immigrés ?
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This conference proceedings provides the papers presented at the OECD/European Commission joint seminar on Naturalisation and the Socio-Economic Integration of Immigrants and their Children held in October 2010 in Brussels. It takes stock of the current knowledge regarding the links between host-country nationality and socio-economic integration of immigrants and their children, building on novel evidence on this issue. It also discusses the role of naturalisation as a tool in the overall framework for immigration and integration policy, with the aim of identifying good practices.
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  • 188
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264113565
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , ill.
    Keywords: Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Space applications have become an important part of everyday life. Weather forecasting, air traffic control, global communications and broadcasting, disaster management -- these and many other key activities would be almost unthinkable today without satellite technology. The space industry itself is relatively small compared to other manufacturing sectors, but its technological dynamism and strategic significance mean that it plays an ever more critical role in modern society. This book assembles information on the space economy from a wide range of official and non-official sources. Together these paint a richly detailed picture of the space industry, its downstream services activities, and its wider economic and social impacts. Who are the main space-faring nations? How large are revenues and how much employment is there in the sector? How much R&D goes on, and where? What is the value of spin-offs from space spending? Answers to these and other questions are provided in this second OECD statistical overview of the emerging space economy. A dynamic link (StatLink) is provided for graphs, which directs the user to a web page where the corresponding data are available in Excel® format.
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  • 189
    ISBN: 9789264167100
    Language: Arabic
    Pages: Online-Ressource (60 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. DAC-Reihe Leitlinien und Grundsatztexte; Qualitätsstandards für die Entwicklungsevaluierung
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Quality Standards for Development Evaluation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Normes de qualité pour l'évaluation du développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices y Referencias del CAD (series) Estándares de Calidad para la Evaluación del Desarrollo
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. DAC-Reihe Leitlinien und Grundsatztexte: Qualitätsstandards für die Entwicklungsevaluierung
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Based on a broad international consultative process, the DAC Quality Standards for Development Evaluation are a reference guide to good practice in development evaluation. With a view to improving the quality of evaluation processes and products, and facilitating collaboration, this reference guide lays out standards for each phase of a typical evaluation process: from defining purpose, to planning, designing, implementing, reporting, and learning from and using evaluation results.
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  • 190
    ISBN: 9789264130746
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Value for Money in Government
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Value for money in government
    Keywords: Regierung ; Dänemark ; Governance ; Denmark
    Abstract: This report presents the results of an assessment of the organisation of the central government of Denmark. The study looks at reforms that are aimed at improving the quality of services (more value) and efficiency (less money) in central government. Starting with facts and quantitative benchmarks on the Danish central government, the study reviews recent reforms in Denmark, and makes recommendations in ten selected areas. The study concludes with a survey of the effects on the quality of services and the potential savings.
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  • 191
    ISBN: 9789264113138
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: The OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Russian Federation offers a comprehensive assessement of the innovation system of the Russian Federation, focusing on the role of government. It provides concrete recommendations on how to improve policies that affect innovation performance, including R&D policies. It also identifies good practice from which other countries can learn.
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  • 192
    ISBN: 9789264087057
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: At a time when OECD and partner countries are trying to figure out how to reduce burgeoning debt and make the most of shrinking public budgets, spending on education is an obvious target for scrutiny. Education officials, teachers, policy makers, parents and students struggle to determine the merits of shorter or longer school days or school years, how much time should be allotted to various subjects, and the usefulness of after-school lessons and independent study. This report focuses on how students use learning time, both in and out of school. What are the ideal conditions to ensure that students use their learning time efficiently? What can schools do to maximise the learning that occurs during the limited amount of time students spend in class? In what kinds of lessons does learning time reap the most benefits? And how can this be determined? The report draws on data from the 2006 cycle of the Programme of International Student Assessment (PISA) to describe differences across and within countries in how much time students spend studying different subjects, how much time they spend in different types of learning activities, how they allocate their learning time and how they perform academically.
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  • 193
    ISBN: 9789264089907
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (198 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Statistiques bancaires de l'OCDE ; Notes méthodologiques par pays 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Statistiques bancaires de l'OCDE : Notes méthodologiques par pays 2010
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Economics ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Ireland ; Italy ; Japan ; Korea, Republic of ; Luxembourg ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Poland ; Portugal ; Slovak Republic ; Spain ; Sweden ; Switzerland ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States
    Abstract: Trends in bank profitability and factors affecting it are major indicators of changes in the state of health of national banking systems. This publication complements Banking Statistics: Financial Statements of Banks 2010 which provides a unique tool for analysing developments in bank profitability in OECD countries. In addition to information on financial statements of banks in OECD countries, it includes data on the number of reporting banks, their branches and staff, structural information on the whole financial sector and ratios aiming at facilitating the analysis of bank profitability of OECD countries. The methodological country notes included in this volume were prepared to facilitate the comprehension and the interpretation of the statistics and to provide a brief description of the activities of banks in each country.
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  • 194
    ISBN: 9789264096509
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (444 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Teilchenbeschleuniger ; Bestrahlungsanlage ; Abschirmung ; Strahlenschutz
    Abstract: Particle accelerators have evolved over the last decades from simple devices to powerful machines, and are having an increasingly important impact on research, technology and daily life. Today they cover a wide range of applications including material science and medical applications. In recent years, requirements from new technological and research applications have emerged while the number of accelerator facilities in operation, being commissioned, designed or planned has significantly grown. Their parameters (such as the beam energy, beam currents and intensities, and target composition) vary widely, giving rise to new radiation shielding aspects and problems. Particle accelerators must be operated in safe ways to protect operators, the public and the environment. As the design and use of these facilities evolve, so must the analytical methods used in the safety analyses. These workshop proceedings review the state of the art in radiation shielding of accelerator facilities and irradiation targets. They also evaluate progress on the development of modelling methods used to assess the effectiveness of such shielding as part of safety analyses.
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  • 195
    ISBN: 9789264119598
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Tourism
    Keywords: Environment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Undertaken jointly with United Nations Environment Programme, the report analyses policies and issues related to climate change adaptation and mitigation in the tourism sector. It provides policy recommendations, with the objective to identify priority areas to be included in a framework for action in the area of climate change and tourism. A review of the state of policy-making on this important issue clearly indicates that greater efforts could be made by countries to understand the likely impacts of climate change on tourism; there is a low awareness of the tourism sector's climate change mitigation and adaptation needs; and that current policy, with few exceptions, is inadequate to the scale of the challenge, both on mitigation and adaptation.
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  • 196
    ISBN: 9789264123311
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Kyrgyz Republic 2010; Lessons from PISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education: Kyrgyz Republic 2010: Lessons from PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Kyrgyzstan
    Abstract: The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a highly influential instrument for monitoring the quality of education systems and provides a strong evidence base for informed policy making and education research. PISA also has a proven potential to trigger reforms and stimulate stakeholder involvement in the process. Notwithstanding the importance of its ranking, the full strength of PISA unfolds when data it delivers is utilised in the national policy domain. Linking PISA outcomes and policy choices, and monitoring the impact on education quality is thereby a demanding task, which requires sound analytical capacity, and also knowledge of the strengths and weaknesses of the respective education system. The OECD Directorate for Education addresses the demand of non-member economies for policy support in understanding and analysing PISA data in the broader context of education system management and policy formulation. This report was prepared to help the authorities of the Kyrgyz Republic better understand the reasons for the dramatically low performance of Kyrgyz students in the 2006 PISA survey, despite significant resources and efforts invested in education by schools, parents and government. The report reveals that a number of policy areas are in need of urgent attention and recommends ways to close the currently existing gap between aspirations and education reform achievement.
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  • 197
    ISBN: 9789264098329
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Assistance Peer Reviews
    Keywords: Development ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: The OECD Development Assistance Committee's 2010 peer review of the UK's development assitance programmes and policies. This review assesses extent to which the development policies, strategies and activities of the UK meet the standards set by the DAC. Members provide constructive criticism and recommendations based on a report that touches on aid policies, volumes, institutions and field operations.
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  • 198
    ISBN: 9789264098312
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (121 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Assistance Peer Reviews
    Keywords: Development ; Portugal
    Abstract: The OECD Development Assistance Committee's 2010 peer review of Portugal's development assistance programmes and policies. This review assesses the extent to which the development policies, strategies and activities of Portugal meet the standards set by the DAC. Members provide constructive criticism and recommendations based on a report that touches on aid policies, volumes, institutions and field operations.
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  • 199
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264168367
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 p.) , ill. , 21x28cm
    DDC: 306.85
    RVK:
    Keywords: Familie ; Zukunftserwartung ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Work-Life-Balance ; Familie ; Work-Life-Balance ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Zukunftserwartung
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  • 200
    ISBN: 9789264069923
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (25 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 201; Algues d'eau douce et cyanobactéries, essai d'inhibition de la croissance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 201: Algues d'eau douce et cyanobactéries, essai d'inhibition de la croissance
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The purpose of this test is to determine the effects of a substance on the growth of freshwater microalgae and/or cyanobacteria. Exponentially growing test organisms are exposed to the test substance in batch cultures over a period of normally 72 hours. The system response is the reduction of growth in a series of algal cultures exposed to, at least, five concentrations of a test substance. Three replicates at each test concentration should be used. The response is evaluated as a function of the exposure concentration in comparison with the average growth of control cultures. The cultures are allowed unrestricted exponential growth under nutrient sufficient conditions (two alternative growth media: the OECD and the AAP) and continuous fluorescent illumination. Growth and growth inhibition are quantified from measurements of the algal biomass as a function of time. The limit test corresponds to one dose level of 100 mg/L. This study includes: the determination, at least daily, of the algal biomass; the measure of the pH (at the beginning and at the end); microscopic observation. This Test Guideline describes two response variables: average specific growth rate, and yield.
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