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  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (355)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (355)
  • London [u.a.] : Routledge
  • Science and Technology  (288)
  • Urban, Rural and Regional Development  (71)
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  • 1
    ISBN: 9789264167445
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (372 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Improving agricultural knowledge and innovation systems
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Konferenzschrift 2011 ; Wissensbasiertes System ; Innovation ; Landwirtschaft
    Abstract: This conference proceedings from the OECD Conference on Agricultural Knowledge Systems (AKS), held in Paris, on 15-17 June 2011, discusses a large range of experiences and approaches to AKS explores how to foster development and adoption of innovation to meet global food security and climate change challenges. The conference considered developments in institutional frameworks, public and private roles and partnerships, regulatory frameworks conducive to innovation, the adoption of innovations and technology transfers, and the responsiveness of AKS to broader policy objectives.
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789264166790
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Review of Telecommunication Policy and Regulation in Mexico
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology ; Mexico
    Abstract: El presente estudio ha sido realizado por la Dirección de Ciencia, Tecnología e Industria de la ocde (dsti) bajo los auspicios del Comité de Políticas de la Información, Informática y Comunicación (Comité iccp) en respuesta a una solicitud del gobierno de México, a instancias de la Comisión Federal de Telecomunicaciones (Cofetel), y a través de la Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes (sct), por ser ambas instituciones las encargadas de representar a México en el Comité iccp. La revisión de la ocde de la política y la regulación de las telecomunicaciones tomó como base las respuestas de las autoridades mexicanas a un cuestionario, así como los resultados de una extensa serie de entrevistas realizadas a los principales actores del sector de las telecomunicaciones durante una misión de investigación efectuada en México. El informe fue objeto de una revisión de pares en el Comité iccp el 27 de octubre de 2011, siendo la revisión encabezada por la doctora Mónica Ariño (Ofcom, Reino Unido) y el señor François Lions (arcep, Francia). Se terminó a principios de noviembre de 2011 y refleja los avances hasta ese momento.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789264060111
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudio de la OCDE sobre políticas y regulación de telecomunicaciones en México
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD review of telecommunication policy and regulation in Mexico
    Keywords: Telekommunikationspolitik ; Regulierung ; Mexiko ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Mexico ; Mexiko ; Telekommunikationspolitik ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This publication reviews the telecommunication market in Mexico, examines the current policy and regulatory framework of the sector and puts forward proposals for reform in order to develop competition in the market.
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9789264113541
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (206 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: This OECD Guide to Measuring the Information Society is a compilation of concepts, definitions, classifications and methods for information society measurement and analysis.
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789264110984
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Job-rich growth in Asia
    Keywords: Wirtschaftswachstum ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsnachfrage ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Asien ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Asien ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Wirtschaftliche Lage
    Abstract: Jobs-rich Growth in Asia discusses some of the most pressing issues that countries in Southeast Asia are facing in regard to boosting local employment and skills development while advancing social protection strategies in emerging, fast-growing labour markets. A joint OECD/ILO initiative, this book analyses local approaches in Asia to modernise labour markets and skills strategies and shows how local recovery is taking place through a combination of policy measures on employment creation, skills development and social protection.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264096868
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews; Switzerland 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE; Suisse, 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews: Switzerland 2011
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE: Suisse, 2011
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Switzerland
    Abstract: BLURB - GERMAN Die Regionen in der Schweiz erzielen in vielen Hinsichten gute Ergebnisse. Sie verbuchen ein hohes BIP pro Einwohner, die Arbeitslosigkeit ist niedrig, und manche Regionen verzeichnen ein beeindruckendes Wirtschaftswachstum. Auβerdem steht die Schweiz nicht vor Herausforderungen, mit denen viele ähnliche Regionen in der OECD konfrontiert wurden, wie mangelnder Zugang zu Dienstleistungen oder Bevölkerungsrückgang durch Überalterung oder Abwanderung. Nur die Förderung der Arbeitsproduktivität stellt weiterhin ein Problem dar, mit dessen Lösung die Regionalpolitik sich befassen muss. Zur Verbesserung der regionalen Wirtschaftsleistung wurde 2008, im Anschluss an den OECD-Prüfbericht 2002, die neue Schweizer Regionalpolitik (NRP) eingeführt. Die NRP stellt einen klaren Paradigmenwechsel dar, da sie sich nicht mehr auf den Bau von Infrastrukturen und die Gewährung von Finanzhilfen konzentriert, sondern die Wirtschaftsförderung zur gezielten Mehrwertschöpfung in den Regionen in den Mittelpunkt stellt. Dieser Bericht enthält Empfehlungen, wie das Ergebnis der NRP durch die Ausweitung des Wirkungsbereichs auf das gesamte Land, engere interkantonale Zusammenarbeit und besser koordinierte Sektoralpolitiken optimiert werden kann. Ferner befasst der Bericht sich mit der regionalen Innovationsförderung. In diesem Rahmen wird empfohlen, die Aufgaben der einzelnen Staatsebenen klarer zu definieren, Forschung und Technologietransfer auf Landesebene vom Bund finanzieren zu lassen und die Kantone mit der Innovationsförderung in den Funktionalräumen zu beauftragen. Der OECD-Prüfbericht Raumentwicklung Schweiz 2011 ist in das breiter gefasste Raumentwicklungsprogramm des OECD Territorial Development Policy Committee eingebettet. Ziel der Prüfberichte ist es, den Behörden der einzelnen Staaten praxisbezogene Ratschläge für die Raumentwicklung zu geben. Zu den bereits geprüften Ländern zählen Chile, Finnland, Frankreich, Italien, Japan, Kanada, Korea, Luxemburg, Mexiko, Norwegen, Polen, Portugal, Schweden und die Schweiz, die Tschechische Republik und Ungarn. Leseempfehlung OECD-Prüfbericht Raumentwicklung Schweiz (2002)
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.180
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Regulators and policy makers should boost competition among mobile telephone operators to cut the high prices being charged for international data roaming. Analysis of pricing plans at 68 operators in the 34 OECD countries points to a strong case for new consumer protection and empowerment measures.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789264128392
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Peru
    Abstract: This book provides a comprehensive assessment of the innovation system of Peru, focusing on the role of government. It provides concrete recommendations and identifies good practices on how to improve policies that affect innovation performance, including R&D policies.
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: 106 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.183
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report focuses on developments in broadband market structures emerging from the deployment of high-speed broadband services and the policy and regulatory implications.
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  • 10
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.178
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: In 2007, the OECD Council adopted a Recommendation setting forth a framework for co-operation in the enforcement of privacy laws. This report provides information on the progress in implementation measures, which is based in part on a survey of OECD member countries’ experiences.
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.184
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Virtual worlds are increasingly evolving into Internet-mediated “spaces”, where large groups of people meet and interact in real-time while experiencing a shared sensation of being there together. This enables richer and more dynamic social interaction and collaboration across national and cultural boundaries over the Internet compared to other traditional ICT-based collaboration environments.
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  • 12
    Language: English
    Pages: 67 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.175
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Bundling can provide both benefits and drawbacks to broadband customers. In general, bundled services are less expensive when purchased together and consumer surplus from one good in the bundle can help “subsidise” another less-valued element. Bundling also allows the integration of products in a way that benefits consumers such as by giving them unified billing, a common helpline number or the integration of voice mail message retrieval via the television set...
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  • 13
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.176
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Thirty years ago OECD governments adopted a set of Guidelines governing the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data. Faced with twin concerns about threats to privacy from more intensive use of personal data and the risk to the global economy of restrictions on the flow of information, the OECD produced the first internationally agreed statement of the core privacy protection principles. The Guidelines represent an international consensus on personal data protection in the public and private sectors. They have influenced the development of national legislation and model codes within OECD member countries, and beyond. This report begins by recalling the development and influence of the Guidelines. It then describes a number of current trends in the processing of personal data and the privacy risks in this evolving environment. It identifies some of the challenges that today’s environment brings for protecting privacy under existing approaches, and highlights a number of current initiatives and innovative approaches to privacy. Particular attention is focused on the impact of the Internet and other technologies, consistent with the issues and priorities highlighted in the 2008 Seoul Ministerial on the Future of the Internet Economy. The report aims to take a broad view of the current landscape for privacy, with a primary focus on economic activities. It does not describe in detail the myriad of initiatives to implement the Privacy Guidelines in OECD countries and beyond.
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  • 14
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.182
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report examines recent developments regarding the use of fibre to provide local access networks for the provision of broadband access. Countries across the OECD are adopting different approaches to stimulate investment and to define the terms of competition to end-users in a Fibre to the Home/Building (FTTH/B) world.
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  • 15
    Language: English
    Pages: 90 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.177
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper analyses and compares national strategies for digital identity management in OECD countries. These strategies aim to drive innovation for e-government and for the broader Internet economy while remaining consistent with current national identity practices.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789264094444
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD rural policy reviews
    Keywords: Entwicklungsplanung ; England ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; United Kingdom ; Großbritannien ; Regionalplanung ; Ländliche Entwicklung
    Abstract: Rural England plays a significant role in the economy of the United Kingdom, but an even larger social and cultural role. And it is unique among OECD regions, in that it is geographically compact, with rural inhabitants generally no more than a half hour’s drive from an urban area. There is thus a vast amount of interaction between rural and urban populations in England. England’s rural population is, on average, doing better than the urban population across a broad range of socio-economic indicators. Nevertheless, rural England is also struggling with pockets of poverty and social exclusion, difficulties in maintaining access to high quality public services, an ageing population, and, most importantly, a widespread shortage of affordable housing. The government has adopted mainstreaming as its rural policy strategy. The objective of mainstreaming is to ensure that people in rural England have access to the same policies and programmes as those available in urban England. While mainstreaming is an attractive policy approach, especially in a country with strong rural-urban interactions such as England, it has proved challenging to implement for different reasons. This report examines the mainstreaming policy response as applied to rural England and suggests ways to increase its effectiveness. The report will interest academics and policy makers alike as it includes a discussion on governance structures and decentralisation; delivering public services; economic development; and the importance of improving connectivity in the context of rural areas. While the focus is on rural England, other OECD member countries will also benefit from the insights provided.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264113138
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Russian Federation
    Abstract: The OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Russian Federation offers a comprehensive assessement of the innovation system of the Russian Federation, focusing on the role of government. It provides concrete recommendations on how to improve policies that affect innovation performance, including R&D policies. It also identifies good practice from which other countries can learn.
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  • 18
    Language: English
    Pages: 11 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.186
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report explains why digital identity management is fundamental for the further development of the Internet economy. It also provides guidance for digital identity strategies that support innovation across the public and private sectors while enhancing security, privacy and trust online.
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789264097377
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (137 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of regional innovation
    DDC: 338/.06409466
    Keywords: Regionalpolitik ; Technologiepolitik ; Baskenland ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Trade ; Industry and Services ; Spain ; Baskenland ; Innovationsförderung ; Regionalpolitik
    Abstract: The Basque Country region in Spain is world renowned for a successful industrial transformation, the urban regeneration of Bilbao, cultural distinctiveness, unique governance arrangements and high wealth levels. Over the last 30 years, the region has implemented its science, technology and innovation (STI) policy driven by a need to boost industrial competitiveness. The role of total factor productivity and innovation in driving growth was significant in the 1990s and declined in the early part of this decade, but appears to be on the rise again thanks in part to significant increases in public and private investment in innovation. The Basque Country has begun a transition from a model of incremental innovation in manufacturing to a model increasingly based on science and other forms of knowledge. Through a diagnostic of the innovation system and the policy mix, the review offers some policy and governance recommendations to achieve the region’s desired transition in light of global trends in the innovation process and innovation policy.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.181
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report surveys national broadband plans (NBP) across the OECD area, providing an overview of common elements and goals in those plans. An annex to this report contains references and links to the plans.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264113565
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , ill.
    Keywords: Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Space applications have become an important part of everyday life. Weather forecasting, air traffic control, global communications and broadcasting, disaster management -- these and many other key activities would be almost unthinkable today without satellite technology. The space industry itself is relatively small compared to other manufacturing sectors, but its technological dynamism and strategic significance mean that it plays an ever more critical role in modern society. This book assembles information on the space economy from a wide range of official and non-official sources. Together these paint a richly detailed picture of the space industry, its downstream services activities, and its wider economic and social impacts. Who are the main space-faring nations? How large are revenues and how much employment is there in the sector? How much R&D goes on, and where? What is the value of spin-offs from space spending? Answers to these and other questions are provided in this second OECD statistical overview of the emerging space economy. A dynamic link (StatLink) is provided for graphs, which directs the user to a web page where the corresponding data are available in Excel® format.
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789264097629
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD territorial reviews
    Keywords: Wirtschaftslage ; Regionalentwicklung ; Regionalpolitik ; Nordeuropa ; Färöer ; Grönland ; Island ; Norwegen ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Faroe Islands ; Greenland ; Iceland ; Färöer ; Grönland ; Island ; Norwegen ; Regionalentwicklung ; Wirtschaftliche Lage
    Abstract: The North Atlantic (NORA) region is a transnational area comprising the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Iceland, and the coastal counties of Norway. These territories are linked by shared characteristics and challenges, as well as by historical, institutional and cultural links. Improving accessibility to the region, ensuring sustainable development of its fisheries, enlarging and diversifying its economic base, and meeting the challenges of climate change are key issues. Strengthened regional co-operation can help these territories address them by exchanging know-how and best practices, pooling resources and reaching economies of scale, improving the efficiency of public sector provision, and increasing the “voice” of the region. However, transnational co-operation in the NORA region faces some barriers, as it involves territories that compete in their main economic activities, are separated by large distances, and have strong institutional and economic links with other countries and regions. In order to get the most from transnational co-operation, this report recommends that the NORA territories: focus co-operation efforts on targeted themes and issues; draw up a regional development strategy; promote greater awareness of the benefits of co-operation; develop a “variable geometry” approach to regional co-operation; and enlarge and refine the role of the NORA institution as a facilitator of co-operation.
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  • 23
    Language: English
    Pages: 7 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.185
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: These terms of reference articulate a shared view among OECD members about key aspects of the current context for privacy protection and provide orientation for further work on the review of the OECD Privacy Guidelines in light of changing technologies, markets and user behaviour and the growing importance of digital identities.
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  • 24
    Language: English
    Pages: 105 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.179
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: As increasing numbers of children worldwide enjoy the benefits of the Internet, they also face a spectrum of risks to which they are more vulnerable than adults. This report examines these risks as well as the policy responses of governments and other stakeholders to improve the protection of children online.
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789264094437
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Series Statement: Educational Research and Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Schule ; Neue Technologie ; Strukturwandel
    Abstract: This report highlights key issues to facilitate understanding of how a systemic approach to technology-based school innovations can contribute to quality education for all while promoting a more equal and effective education system. It focuses on the novel concept of systemic innovation, as well as presenting the emerging opportunities to generate innovations that stem from Web 2.0 and the important investments and efforts that have gone into the development and promotion of digital resources. It also shows alternative ways to monitor, assess and scale up technology-based innovations. Some country cases, as well as fresh and alternative research frameworks, are presented.
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9789264095434
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 p.)
    Series Statement: Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Safety assessment of transgenic organisms ; Vol. 3
    RVK:
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Transgene Pflanzen ; Umweltgefährdung ; Risikoanalyse
    Abstract: The books on “Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms” constitute a compilation of the OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents. When published, Volume 1 and 2 contained the documents issued before 2006; Volume 3 and 4 are a continuation of the compilation up to 2010. The OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents identify elements of scientific information used in the environmental safety and risk assessment of transgenic organisms which are common to OECD member countries and some non members associated with the work. This is intended to encourage information sharing, promote harmonised practices, and prevent duplication of effort among countries. These books offer ready access to those consensus documents which have been issued on the website thus far. As such, it should be of value to applicants for commercial uses of transgenic organisms (crops, trees, microorganisms), to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities, as well as the wider scientific community. More information on the OECD's work related to the biosafety of transgenic organisms is found at BioTrack Online (http://www.oecd.org/biotrack).
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789264077225
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie ; favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie : favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Eco-innovation in industry
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Industrie ; Innovationsmanagement ; Umwelttechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Industrie ; Nachhaltigkeit ; OECD
    Abstract: Eco-innovation will be a key driver of industry efforts to tackle climate change and realise “green growth” in the post-Kyoto era. Eco-innovation calls for faster introduction of breakthrough technologies and for more systemic application of available solutions, including non-technological ones. It also offers opportunities to involve new players, develop new industries and increase competitiveness. Structural change in economies will be imperative in coming decades. This book presents the research and analysis carried out during the first phase of the OECD Project on Sustainable Manufacturing and Eco-innovation. Its aim is to provide benchmarking tools on sustainable manufacturing and to spur eco-innovation through better understanding of innovation mechanisms. It reviews the concepts and forms an analytical framework; analyses the nature and processes of eco-innovation; discusses existing sustainable manufacturing indicators; examines methodologies for measuring eco-innovation; and takes stock of national strategies and policy initiatives for eco-innovation.
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9789264094611
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Education ; Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Governments are seeking to channel research funds into universities and other institutions in ways that support high-quality research in strategically important areas and bolster effective knowledge diffusion. These issues of steering and funding have even more relevance in light of the current financial crisis and economic downturn which have seen severe fiscal pressures fall on many countries. This publication presents a collection of papers presented at an OECD workshop on performance-based funding of public research in tertiary education institutions. It takes stock of current thinking and practice around performance-based funding of public research in tertiary education institutions, as a tool to help governments meet their research goals. These funding models are essentially systems of ex-post evaluation of research outputs and outcomes from universities and other tertiary institutions, and are generally based on peer review, bibliometric or other quantitative indicators. Their results are used to inform government decisions about how much and which institutions to fund.
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9789264088931
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Higher Education in Regional and City Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Educación Superior en el Desarrollo Regional y Urbano; La Región del Bío-Bío, Chile 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Educación Superior en el Desarrollo Regional y Urbano: La Región del Bío-Bío, Chile 2010
    Keywords: Education ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Chile
    Abstract: The Bío Bío Region has pioneered regional development in Chile. It has a high concentration of higher education and research activity. Its universities and other higher education institutions have made significant progress in widening access to education. But challenges remain: the Bío Bío Region continues to suffer from brain drain as well as higher than average unemployment and poverty rates. How can the Bío Bío Region promote new business formation and the development of the existing small and medium-sized companies? What incentives are needed to improve higher education institutions’ regional and local orientation? How can higher education institutions move from knowledge generation towards knowledge transfer? This joint OECD and World Bank review explores a range of helpful policy measures and institutional reforms to mobilise higher education for the development of the Bío Bío Region. It is part of the series of the OECD reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development. These reviews help mobilise higher education institutions for economic, social and cultural development of cities and regions. They analyse how the higher education system impacts upon regional and local development and bring together universities, other higher education institutions and public and private agencies to identify strategic goals and to work towards them.
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  • 30
    ISBN: 9789264084544
    Language: Korean
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews; Trans-border Urban Co-operation in the Pan Yellow Sea Region, 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews: Trans-border Urban Co-operation in the Pan Yellow Sea Region, 2009
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: 환황해권은 중국 북부 해안지역(환발해만), 한국의 남해안과 서해안 지역, 일본 서남 해안지역(규슈)을 포괄한다. 1990년대 초반에 중국이 개방된 이후, 환황해권은 광범위한 제조·운송네트워크를기반으로동아시아에서가장급속도로경제성장을이룩하고있는지역이다 중국의다롄 칭다오 톈진과한국의부산 인천 그리고일본의후쿠오카 기타큐슈가이지역의발전을주도하고있다 그러나환황해권은보유한자산과성장잠재력을충분히활용하지못하고있다 지역내과도한경쟁과미흡한거버넌스시스템구축으로인하여경제통합은큰진전을보이지못하고있다 이지역의운송체제 특히컨테이너운송시장이통합되기위해서는구조적변화가필요하다 사회적·문화적네트워크강화도여전히풀어나가야할과제로남아있고 환경문제역시중요한의제로점차대두되고있다 본보고서는이러한요인들을분석하고 환황해권의경쟁력과통합향상을위한다양한정책을평가한다 본보고서는특히1990년대이후지역정책의핵심의제로떠오르고있는환황해권의초국경적거버넌스체계를검토한다 지역당국간화합은경제성장을도모하고역내다양한문제를해결하기위한전제조건이된다 유럽의OECD 회원국간초국경적협력과북미국가간초국경적협력에대한비교분석도부록에기술되어있다 본보고서는초국경적개발혹은아시아경제개발을목적으로활동하는정책입안자 연구원 비정부기구의관심을충족시켜줄것이다 환황해권내초국경적도시간협력에관한지역정책보고서는OECD 지역개발정책위원회(Territorial Development Policy Committee)가담당하는국가지역정책보고서프로그램의일부이다 지역정책보고서시리즈는국가중앙정부에실질적인정책조언을제공하는일을목적으로한다 과거초국경적협력사례연구로는외레순덴마크스웨덴 지역과비엔나브라티슬라바오스트리아슬로바키아가있다.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 11 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.169
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The wireless broadband methodology is the result of several rounds of contributions from, and indepth discussions among, member countries. The new indicator will assist in informing policy makers and other stakeholders in this increasingly important market segment. The OECD began collecting and reporting broadband data in 2000 as a way to capture and record significant changes in OECD markets for Internet access. The OECD set the minimum threshold for broadband at a download speed of 256 kbit/s at the time, primarily to exclude ISDN technologies at 144 kbit/s and to include the majority of commercial offers then available via other technologies.
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9789264086265
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p)
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The international symposium entitled “Opportunities and Challenges in theEmerging Field of Synthetic Biology” was held in July 2009 in Washington, DCunder the auspices of the United States National Academies, the Organisationfor Economic Co-operation and Development and the Royal Society.
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9789264082052
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Catalonia, Spain
    RVK:
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Katalonien ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Spain ; Katalonien ; Innovationsförderung
    Abstract: This review of regional innovation assesses how to improve Catalonia's current strategy and actions in order to boost its innovation system through both its own programmes and those of Spain and the European Union. It finds that with over seven million inhabitants and a GDP of around EUR 204 billion, Catalonia is not only an important region within Spain, but within the OECD as well. Indeed, its economic output is similar to countries like Portugal and Norway. The region experienced massive population growth over the past decade, due to immigration, which in part drove GDP growth. However, Catalonia’s productivity is slipping, relative to other OECD regions, necessitating the transition to a productivity-driven growth model through a stronger regional innovation system. The region has successfully strengthened its research base, with investments in R&D having increased four-fold over the past decade. Catalonia is now mobilising actors across the innovation system in regional centres, such as Barcelona, to improve productivity and address social challenges.
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789264096158
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 p.)
    Series Statement: Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Safety assessment of transgenic organisms ; Vol. 4
    RVK:
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Transgene Pflanzen ; Umweltgefährdung ; Risikoanalyse
    Abstract: The books on “Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms” constitute a compilation of the OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents. When published, Volume 1 and 2 contained the documents issued before 2006; Volume 3 and 4 are a continuation of the compilation up to 2010. The OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents identify elements of scientific information used in the environmental safety and risk assessment of transgenic organisms which are common to OECD member countries and some non members associated with the work. This is intended to encourage information sharing, promote harmonised practices, and prevent duplication of effort among countries. These books offer ready access to those consensus documents which have been issued on the website thus far. As such, it should be of value to applicants for commercial uses of transgenic organisms (crops, trees, microorganisms), to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities, as well as the wider scientific community. More information on the OECD's work related to the biosafety of transgenic organisms is found at BioTrack Online (http://www.oecd.org/biotrack).
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264091375
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cities and climate change
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Stadt ; Kommunalpolitik ; Kommunalverwaltung ; OECD-Staaten ; Klima ; Environment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Klima ; Klimakatastrophe ; Klimaveränderung ; Klimawandel ; Stadt ; Klimaänderung
    Abstract: As the hubs of economic activity, cities drive the vast majority of the world’s energy use and are major contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions. Because they are home to major infrastructure and highly concentrated populations, cities are also vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels, warmer temperatures and fiercer storms. At the same time, better urban planning and policies can reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions and improve the resilience of urban infrastructure to climate change, thus shaping future trends. This book shows how city and metropolitan regional governments working in tandem with national governments can change the way we think about responding to climate change. The chapters analyse: trends in urbanisation, economic growth, energy use and climate change; the economic benefits of climate action; the role of urban policies in reducing energy demand, improving resilience to climate change and complementing global climate policies; frameworks for multilevel governance of climate change including engagement with relevant stakeholders; and the contribution of cities to “green growth”, including the “greening” of fiscal policies, innovation and jobs. The book also explores policy tools and best practices from both OECD and some non-member countries. Cities and Climate Change reveals the importance of addressing climate change across all levels of government. Local involvement through “climate-conscious” urban planning and management can help achieve national climate goals and minimise tradeoffs between environmental and economic priorities at local levels. The book will be relevant to policy makers, researchers, and others with an interest in learning more about urbanisation and climate change policy.
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789264082038
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report documents the initial step towards an electronically-delivered Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) test pioneered by Denmark, Iceland and Korea. In 2006, the PISA assessment of science included for the first time a computer-based test. The results discussed in this report highlight numerous challenges and encourage countries to take the work further. PISA Computer-Based Assessment of Student Skills in Science describes how the 2006 survey was administered, presents 15-year-olds’ achievement scores in science and explains the impact of information communication technologies on both males’ and females’ science skills. While males outperformed females on the computer-based test in all three countries, females in Iceland and males in Denmark performed better than their counterparts on the paper-and-pencil test. The evidence shows that, overall, males are more confident and use computers more frequently. While females tend to use the Internet more for social networking activities, males tend to browse the Internet, play games and download software. Readers will also learn how students reacted to the electronic questionnaire and how it compared with pencil-and-paper tests. In general, there were no group differences across test methods buts students enjoyed the computer-based test more than the paper-and-pencil test.
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9789264084360 , 9789264084377
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: This second edition of the OECD Economic Globalisation Indicators presents a broad range of indicators showing the magnitude and intensity of globalisation. This process is becoming increasingly important for policymakers and other analysts, hence the need for a volume that brings together the existing measures, based on national data sources and comparable across countries. Together, the indicators shed new light on financial, technological and trade interdependencies within OECD and non-OECD countries. Measures of globalisation include indicators on capital movements and foreign direct investments, international trade, the economic activity of multinational firms and the internationalisation of technology. In addition, the 2010 edition also includes indicators linked to the current financial crisis, portfolio investments, environmental aspects and the emergence of global value chains.
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789264089846
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (191 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Higher Education in Regional and City Development
    Keywords: Education ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Germany
    Abstract: Berlin is a creative city attracting talent from around the world. The Berlin Senate has made great strides in developing innovation as a pillar of its economy. But challenges remain: there is long-term unemployment, a low absorptive capacity in small and medium-sized enterprises and a large migrant population that lags behind in educational and labour market outcomes. How can Berlin’s higher education institutions capitalise on their long tradition of professionally relevant learning and research to transform social, economic and environmental challenges into assets and opportunities? What incentives are needed to improve higher education institutions´ regional and local orientation? This publication explores a range of helpful policy measures and institutional reforms to mobilise higher education for Berlin’s development. It is part of the series of the OECD reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development. These reviews help mobilise higher education institutions for economic, social and cultural development of cities and regions. They analyse how the higher education system impacts upon regional and local development and bring together universities, other higher education institutions and public and private agencies to identify strategic goals and to work towards them.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264081918
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (230 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als SMEs and entrepreneurship Poland 2010
    Keywords: 2010 ; KMU ; Entrepreneurship ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Polen ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; Poland
    Abstract: The rapid growth of entrepreneurship and small firms has been one of the greatest successes in post-Communist transformation in Poland. SMEs have greatly contributed to employment, investment and value added in the Polish economy. However, key barriers to further growth remain in the business environment for SMEs and entrepreneurs. This book sets out the current SME and entrepreneurship climate, reviews SME and entrepreneurship issues and policies at national and local levels, and provides observations and recommendations for improving and supporting entrepreneurship and SMEs in Poland.
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789264082151
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques rurales; Québec, Canada 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques rurales: Québec, Canada 2010
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Québec, Canada
    Keywords: Entwicklungsplanung ; Quebec (Provinz) ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Canada ; Québec ; Ländliche Entwicklung
    Abstract: OECD's review of rural policy in Quebec. It finds that in rural Québec, both population and personal income are growing, on average, and the province’s economic base continues to diversify. Land occupancy is more homogenous than in the rest of Canada, due to the presence of denser networks of small and medium-sized communities. However, mirroring the situation at the national level, the province displays large regional disparities. The sustainability of some rural communities, especially if remote and resource-based, is challenged by demographic and economic decline. In this context, Québec has developed one of the most advanced rural policy approaches in the OECD, closely in line with the framework suggested in the OECD’s New Rural Paradigm. The province’s rural policy does not have a sectoral focus, and aims at community empowerment and land occupancy. To maximize returns on its rural policy investments, Québec needs to integrate social development more strongly with economic and entrepreneurial development, and further strengthen the supra-local level of government as the centre for rural and territorial development strategies. This should be combined with stabilisation measures in lagging areas, through the accumulation of human capital and enhanced access to land in predominantly rural territories. To address environmental challenges, natural resources should be protected both in the outskirts of metropolitan zones and in remote areas.
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9789264087255
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (384 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Regional development policies in OECD countries
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regionalpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Regionalpolitik
    Abstract: Policy makers need both a handy reference guide to the regional policies of their own and other countries and a broader analysis of trends in regional policies, based on sound, comparable information. Regional Policies in OECD Countries responds to this need. It is the first systematic, comparative analysis of OECD countries’ regional policies. The report addresses fundamental regional policy concerns, such as: problem recognition; the objectives of regional policy; the legal/institutional framework; the urban/rural framework; budget structures; and the governance mechanisms linking national and sub-national governments as well as sectors. It begins with an overview of the regional policy today. This is followed by country profiles covering the 31 OECD members. The profiles share a common conceptual framework, allowing countries to see how their experiences measure up. The report also contains several annexes, which cover some of the countries that are candidates for accession to the OECD or with which the OECD has enhanced engagement. The annexes also cover the key topics of cross-border cooperation and trends in urban-rural linkages, especially efforts to control urban sprawl. The report will help countries to better understand regional policies and to formulate and diffuse horizontal policy recommendations. The analysis suggests an important role for regional policies in shaping sustainable endogenous development, in particular well-developed governance mechanisms to better respond to the different opportunities and demands of regions and to improve policy efficiency. This report is a unique source of regional policy information and of special interest to policy makers, researchers, and others engaging with regional development.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264088818
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Optimiser les dépenses de santé
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Value for money in health spending
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitskosten ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Gesundheitsausgaben ; Reform ; Kostendämpfung
    Abstract: Health spending continues to rise inexorably, growing faster than the economy in most OECD countries. Most of this spending comes from the public purse. Given the recent economic downturn, countries are looking for ways to improve the efficiency of health spending. This publication examines current efforts to improve health care efficiency, including tools that show promise in helping health systems provide the best care for their money, such as pay for performance, co-ordination of care, health technology assessment and clinical guidelines, pharmaceutical re-imbursement and risk-sharing agreements, and information and communication technology.
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9789264094635
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (108 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD The impacts of nanotechnology on companies
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nanotechnologie ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Technologiepolitik ; Innovationsmanagement ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Nanotechnologie ; Markt ; Wirtschaftswachstum
    Abstract: Nanotechnology has its origin in the converging abilities of physics, chemistry and materials science. Its purpose is the manipulation of atoms and molecules in order to create new properties of materials and systems for a wide variety of applications in a very broad range of sectors. Nanotechnology is forecast to create large markets and many new jobs and may be the springboard for industrial renewal and long-term growth. Governments around the world have targeted this emerging technology in their R&D investments and are strategising about the best ways to promote the responsible development and use of nanotechnology given the absence of any in-depth analysis of its commercialisation. What are the potential economic impacts of nanotechnology, how are companies using nanotechnology for innovation, and what are the key challenges in its commercialisation? These are some of the issues that this book addresses, based on a large number of company case studies in several countries.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264088702
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als News in the internet age
    DDC: 070.4
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: 1950-2009 ; Informationsmarkt ; Presseerzeugnis ; Presseverlag ; Innovation ; Elektronische Publikation ; Internet ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Zeitung ; Internet ; Wertschöpfung
    Abstract: The economics of news production and distribution is in a state of radical change. After very profitable years, newspaper publishers in most OECD countries face declining advertising revenues and significant reductions in titles and circulation. About 20 out of 30 OECD countries face declining newspaper readership, which is now at its lowest among younger people. At the same time, many promising forms of news creation and distribution are being tested. Some of these are empowered by increasing technological sophistication, new information intermediaries and the resulting decentralised forms of content creation. However, despite these new possibilities, no business and/or revenue-sharing models have been found to finance in-depth independent news production. This raises questions about the supply of high-quality journalism in the longer term and roles that government support might take in supporting a diverse and local press without putting its independence at stake. This study provides an in-depth treatment of the global newspaper publishing market and its evolution, with a particular view on the development of online news and related challenges.
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789264087118
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Denmark
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: E-Government ; Öffentlicher Sektor ; Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Dänemark ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; E-Government ; Öffentliche Dienstleistung ; Effizienz
    Abstract: This review is the first to analyse e-government at the country level using a revised framework designed to capture the new challenges faced by countries today. It highlights the richness of initiatives and actions taken by Denmark in relation to a number of areas, including the impact of e-government on public sector modernisation and efficiency efforts, the impact of e-government organisational structure and arrangements on e-government development and administration, the need to address issues related to user take-up and the assessment of benefits realisation of e-government projects. As these are not unique to Denmark, but are commonly shared by a number of OECD countries, the study provides useful tools to support e-government policy making in all OECD countries.
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  • 46
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.174
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; India
    Abstract: apid growth in globally competitive Indian information technology services has helped to transform the Indian economy.
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  • 47
    Language: English
    Pages: 78 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.173
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Regulatory authorities in most OECD countries have traditionally adopted a national geographic area focus when framing the geographic scope of telecommunications markets. Arguments stemming from market analysis economics suggest that differential regulation be considered between geographic areas where facility-based competition has developed and where it has not. The aim of this paper is to appraise the case for, and developments in, the use of sub-national geographically segmented regulation for fixed telecommunications networks.
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  • 48
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 S.
    Additional Material: graph. Darst., Tab., Lit.Hinw.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD green growth papers 2010, 01
    Series Statement: Industry and innovation
    Keywords: Informationstechnik ; Kommunikationstechnik ; Bedeutung ; Rolle ; Wirkung ; Auswirkung ; Klimaänderung ; Umwelt ; Ökologie ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Umwelttechnik ; Produktion ; Branche ; Erwärmung ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are a key enabler of “green growth” in all sectors of the economy. They are a key part of government strategies for a sustainable economic recovery. This report looks at how ICTs can improve their own environmental performance, and how they can be used to improve environmental performance throughout the economy and society. Direct environmental impacts of ICTs are considerable in areas such as energy use, materials throughput and end-of-life treatment. Government “green ICT” policies can be instrumental in promoting life-cycle approaches for improved R&D and design of ICT goods, services and systems. Innovative ICT applications enable sustainable production and consumption across the entire economy. The potential for improving environmental performance targets specific products, but also entire systems and industry sectors, e.g. construction, transport, energy.
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9789264067233
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: This report assesses the current status of Korea’s innovation system and policies, and identifies where and how the government should focus its efforts to improve the country’s innovation capabilities. It finds that Korea has one of the highest rates of spending on R&D in the world, much of which is performed by private firms. It also has a highly educated labour force – as signalled by its impressive PISA performance and exceptionally high rates of tertiary level graduation – with a strong interest in science and technology. However, a number of bottlenecks persist that hamper Korea’s economic convergence with the leading OECD economies. These include a relatively weak SME sector and weak performance in services, as well as lagging capacities to conduct leading-edge research in many areas. Furthermore, Korea faces numerous threats in the mid term, notably increased levels of competition from China and other newly-industrialising economies, the lowest fertility rate in the OECD and an ageing society, and a continuing high dependency on imports of natural resources, particularly hydrocarbons. In the shorter term, the economic crisis offers its own challenges, with the need for some policy adjustments to deal with expected falls in business investment in R&D and growing levels of unemployment among the highly skilled.
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9789264075993
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Mexico
    Abstract: Over the past decade, Mexico has made significant progress towards macroeconomic stability and has undertaken important structural reforms to further open the economy to trade and investment, and improve the functioning of markets for goods and services. However, potential gross domestic product (GDP) growth remains much too low to reduce widespread poverty and bridge the wide gap in living standards with wealthier OECD countries. One important reason for this is that Mexico has been slower than those in many competing newly industrialising economies to realise the importance of investment in innovation as a driver of growth and competitiveness. This book assesses the current status of Mexico’s innovation system and policies, and identifies where and how the government should focus its efforts to improve the country’s innovation capabilities.
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.158
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Product classifications are used by statistical offices and others for a number of measurement purposes. These include measurement of product usage, current and capital expenditure on products, domestic production, and trade in goods and services. They are therefore an important element of a set of statistical standards, with Information Economy (IE) standards no exception. This document presents the definition of information economy (IE) products developed by the WPIIS Classifications Expert Group. The product definitions complement the IE sector definitions that were released in early 2007. The latter are based on the 2007 revision of the UNSD’s International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC Rev. 4). The document includes two IE product definitions,3 ICT products and Content and media products. Each definition is a subset of the Central Product Classification (Version 2) developed by the United Nations Statistical Division (UNSD) and both are expressed in terms of 5-digit subclasses of the CPC. The CPC was finalised in December 2008.
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264059573
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (258 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als China
    Keywords: Ländliche Entwicklung ; Entwicklungsplanung ; China ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: With more than 700 million residents living in rural areas, China is still a predominantly rural country. But despite substantial improvements in standards of living, the Chinese countryside is largely lagging behind. This report analyses the key socio-economic forces at work in China's rural areas and discusses the current government strategy for rural development. It argues that in order to bridge rural-urban divides the current policy approach needs to go further in recognising rural-urban complementarities beyond agriculture and that food-security targets need to be balanced with wider rural development objectives.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789264060180
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (79 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy; China 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: China 2008
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: Welche Kriterien müssen die Innovationsergebnisse eines Landes erfüllen, und welcher Zusammenhang besteht zwischen ihnen und der Wirtschaftsleistung? Welches sind die Hauptmerkmale, Stärken und Schwächen des Innovationssystems eines Landes? Wie können die Regierungen die Innovationstätigkeit fördern? Die OECD-Prüfungen der Innovationspolitik bieten eine umfassende Analyse des Innovationssystems einzelner OECD-Mitglieds- und -Nichtmitgliedsländer, bei der die Rolle der Politik und der Regierung im Mittelpunkt steht. Sie geben zudem konkrete Empfehlungen zu der Frage, wie ein breites Spektrum von die Innovationsergebnisse der Länder beeinflussenden Politikmaßnahmen zu verbessern ist. Bei jeder Prüfung werden bewährte Praktiken identifiziert, aus denen andere Länder lernen können. China hat über einen mehr als zwanzig Jahre andauernden Zeitraum ein spektakulär hohes Wirtschaftswachstum zu verzeichnen. Gleichwohl ist China heute mit der großen Herausforderung des Übergangs von einem stetigen zu einem vom sozialen, wirtschaftlichen, ökologischen und umweltpolitischen Standpunkt her gesehen nachhaltigen Wachstum konfrontiert. Die Innovationstätigkeit wurde als eine Hauptantriebskraft für dieses neue Wachstumsmodell identifiziert, und die chinesische Regierung hat eine nationale Strategie initiiert, die bis zum Jahr 2020 eine innovationsinduzierte Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft entstehen lassen soll. Wird es China gelingen, die Herausforderung dieses Übergangs zu meistern? Welche Veränderungen werden hierzu im Bereich der Politikmaßnahmen und Institutionen erforderlich sein? Wie wird sich die Wandlung Chinas zu einer künftigen innovationsgestützten Volkswirtschaft auf die OECD-Länder sowie auf die weltweiten Systeme der Wissensproduktion, -verbreitung und -nutzung auswirken? Der vorliegende Bericht versucht Antworten auf diese Fragen zu finden, indem er den derzeitigen Zustand des nationalen Innovationssystems Chinas und seiner Investitionspolitik analysiert und besonders wichtige Verbesserungen empfiehlt, die sowohl im politischen als auch im institutionellen Umfeld erforderlich sind, damit es China gelingt, die Innovationstätigkeit durch einen marktorientierten Ansatz zu fördern.
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  • 54
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.152
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The aim of this paper is to examine the economic impact of proposals to add a non-cost “premium” to international telecommunication charges. This work follows up on earlier OECD work which examined international traffic exchange. The paper concludes that attempts to use non-market methods, and distort prices, is likely to have negative implications for the provision of international telecommunication services and that competition is acting to more efficiently meet policy goals.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264073937
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The OECD Biotechnology Statistics – 2009 edition brings together the latest available economic and activity data on biotechnology and innovation, collected by OECD member and non-member countries. The report builds on the extensive work of the OECD and national experts to improve the comparability of biotechnology statistics. The results should provide a valuable source of information on biotechnology for policy makers, academics and business managers. The 2009 edition contains government survey data for 22 OECD countries and additional data for four non-member countries. The survey data provide results on the number of biotechnology firms, business expenditures on R&D, biotechnology employment, and sales of biotechnology goods and services.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264056442
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (158 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manuel de l'OCDE sur les statistiques des brevets
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manual de estadísticas de patentes de la OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD patent statistics manual
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Patent ; Datenerhebung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Anleitung ; Patent ; Statistik
    Abstract: This 2009 edition of the OECD Patent Statistics Manual takes stock of the recent developments in the field. It provides guiding principles for the use of patent data in the context of S&T measurement, and recommendations for the compilation and interpretation of patent indicators in this context. It aims to show what patent statistics can and cannot be used for, and how to count patents in order to maximise information on S&T activities while minimising statistical noise and biases. Finally, it describes how patent data can be used in the analysis of a wide array of topics related to technical change and patenting activity including industry-science linkages, patenting strategies by companies, internationalisation of research, and indicators on the value of patents.
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  • 57
    Language: English
    Pages: 22 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.160
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This primer aims to provide policy makers a broad-brush understanding of the various dimensions of digital identity management (IdM). Consistent with the Seoul Ministerial Declaration, it also aims to support efforts to address public policy issues for securely managing and protecting digital identities, with a view to strengthening confidence in the online activities crucial to the growth of the Internet Economy.
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9789264060906
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (445 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation; 15 Mexican States 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation: 15 Mexican States 2009
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Mexico
    Abstract: Aunque México ha presentado estabilidad macroeconómica en años recientes, el país aún padece de un estancamiento en el crecimiento de su productividad. En un contexto mundial, la competitividad de México a largo plazo necesitará mayor acción tanto en el sector público como en el privado para estimular la innovación y el crecimiento económico en todas las regiones del territorio nacional. En este informe se revisan tanto las políticas nacionales como estatales de México y la manera en que pueden fomentar mejor los sistemas de innovación regional; incluye una semblanza de 15 estados.
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  • 59
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.167
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report gives an overview of sensor technology and fields of application of sensors and sensor networks. It discusses in detail selected fields of application that have high potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and reviews studies quantifying the environmental impact. The review of the studies assessing the impact of sensor technology in reducing greenhouse gas emissions reveals that the technology has a high potential to contribute to a reduction of emissions across various fields of application. Whereas studies clearly estimate an overall strong positive effect in smart grids, smart buildings, smart industrial applications as well as precision agriculture and farming, results for the field of smart transportation are mixed due to rebound effects. In particular intelligent transport systems render transport more efficient, faster and cheaper. As a consequence, demand for transportation and thus the consumption of resources both increase which can lead to an overall negative effect.
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9789264044234
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (462 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Evaluating Local Economic and Employment Development; How to Assess What Works among Programmes and Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Evaluating Local Economic and Employment Development: How to Assess What Works among Programmes and Policies
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Los países miembros de la OCDE dedican recursos signicativos a las políticas para el desarrollo local y regional, sin embargo, los resultados de dichas políticas han sido entendidos pobremente. La evaluación de la política pública representa desafíos conceptuales, técnicos e institucionales. Eso es particularmente cierto para el caso del desarrollo local. Frecuentemente los datos son inadecuados y los múltiples tipos de política pueden interactuar para ocultar los efectos de las iniciativas individuales. Diversos factores externos pueden afectar la economía de una localidad, y los impactos positivos de las políticas en una ubicación pueden causar efectos no deseados en otra. Además, los individuos hacia los cuales va orientada una política pueden cambiar de una localidad a otra. Estas y otras complejidades necesitan considerarse al evaluar qué políticas son verdaderamente efectivas y ecientes. Este es uno de los pocos libros que examina las mejores experiencias en la evaluación de los programas de desarrollo económico local y regional y de creación de empleo. Adecuado para lectores no técnicos, este libro contiene propuestas de política para los gobiernos centrales y locales interesados en mejorar los procesos de evaluación, ampliar la evidencia documental sobre las políticas públicas y desarrollar una cultura de evaluación.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789264054059
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy; Hungary 2008; (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Hungary 2008: (Hungarian version)
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Hungary
    Abstract: This report assesses the current status of Hungary’s innovation system and policies, and identifies where and how the government should focus its efforts to improve the country's innovation capabilities. The report finds that the level of innovation activity and performance in Hungary has remained relatively low by international standards. This is attributable to both lagging innovation capabilities in the business sector and an insufficient contribution of public research organisations to the innovation system. There is a need for more stable governance of the innovation system and a more evidence-based approach to policy making in the area of science, technology and innovation policy.
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789264054196
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Environment ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: This book examines the contributions that space technologies can make in tackling some of the serious problems posed by climate change. Focusing on examples of water management, marine resources and maritime transport, it sets out the rationale for further developing satellite systems to measure and monitor climate change and help mitigate its consequences. The report underlines the need to consider satellites not just as research and development systems, but as an important component of a critical communication- and information-based infrastructure for modern societies. The tool box for decision makers that concludes the book reviews different methodological options for deciding on investments in space-based earth observation.
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  • 63
    Language: English
    Pages: 11 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.147
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This declaration was adopted at the conclusion of the June 2008 Ministerial meeting on the Future of the Internet Economy, held in Seoul. It contains recommendations on how to further the development of the “Internet economy” through multi-stakeholder co-operation.
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  • 64
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.148
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report has been developed to support the objectives of the OECD Ministerial Meeting on the Future of the Internet Economy (Seoul, 17-18 June 2008).
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 60 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.146
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Broadband and networked ICTs are important in meeting health, demographic and environmental challenges, and policy plays an important role in expanding their use and enhancing their impact.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264047693
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Open innovation in global networks
    DDC: 338.064
    RVK:
    Keywords: Innovationsmanagement ; Globalisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Industrial management ; Technological innovations Economic aspects ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Globalisierung ; Innovationsmanagement ; Corporate Network ; Innovation
    Abstract: To match the global demand and supply of innovation, businesses increasingly internationalise their innovation activities while opening their innovation process by collaborating with external partners (e.g., suppliers, customers, universities). This book examines what drives these global innovation networks across different industries, how they are related to companies' overall strategies, whether they are accessible for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and what the consequences are.
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789264046825
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Environmental Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politique environnementale, innovation technologique et dépôts de brevets
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Environmental policy, technological innovation and patents
    RVK:
    Keywords: Umweltpolitik ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Patent ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Kraftfahrzeug ; Papierindustrie ; Wasseraufbereitung ; Erneuerbare Energie ; Environmental policy Economic aspects ; Technological innovations Environmental aspects ; Technological innovations Patents ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Umweltpolitik ; Umwelttechnik ; Technische Innovation ; Patentdokumentation
    Abstract: This report presents three case studies to illustrate the relationship between environmental policy and technological innovation. The case studies cover abatement technologies for wastewater effluent from pulp production, abatement of motor vehicle emissions, and development of renewable energy technologies. On the basis of patent data, the nature, extent, and causes of innovation in each of these areas have been explored. While a particular focus has been placed on the role of environmental policy in bringing about the innovation documented, it is recognised that other factors play a key role in inducing innovation that has positive environmental implications.
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  • 68
    Language: English
    Pages: 53 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.142
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Évolution des technologies de la fibre et de l'investissement en ce domaine
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper provides an overview of developments in optical fibre communication technology and investment. It finds that the costs of deploying these networks are significant and that the monthly prices subscribers will pay will be highly dependent on take-up rates.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 119 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.150
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report contains policy and practical guidance principles to enhance business and consumer benefits from the use of RFID while proactively taking into account information security and privacy issues.
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  • 70
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.140
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper reviews available official statistics on trust and security in the online environment. It discusses whether security concerns are an obstacle to Internet use and examines how people and companies protect their equipment and networks.
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  • 71
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.144
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a promising new technology with a rapidly growing range of applications, many integrating technologies such as sensors. In this report, eight major fields of application are analysed, impacts are discussed and country initiatives described.
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  • 72
    Language: English
    Pages: 71 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.138
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'idenfication par radiofréquence (RFID) : Sécurité de l'information et protection de la vie privée
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The deployment of RFID brings significant economic promise. But is RFID sufficiently secure and privacy-friendly ? This paper clarifies the capabilities and limitations of RFID, identifies the associated security and privacy challenges, and suggests measures that can be implemented to address them.
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9789264048263
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (210 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tornar a Vida Mais Fácil para Cidadãos e Empresas em Portugal; Administração electrónica e simplificação
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tornar a Vida Mais Fácil para Cidadãos e Empresas em Portugal: Administração electrónica e simplificação
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making life easy for citizens and businesses in Portugal
    DDC: 351.09469
    RVK:
    Keywords: E-Government ; Portugal ; Administrative procedure Portugal ; Public administration Information resources management ; Portugal ; Public administration Portugal ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Portugal ; Portugal ; E-Government
    Abstract: Reducing the time for registering a company from weeks and months to under one hour is a concrete result of a unique and ambitious initiative in Portugal to make the public sector more efficient and effective. The Simplex initiative aims at making life easier for citizens and businesses. It focuses on how e-government can be used as a lever for broader administrative simplification, making service delivery more coherent and efficient. This is the first integrated study undertaken by the OECD to analyse administrative simplification and e-government in a national context. By bringing those two areas together in the context of public management reform, this review helps countries identify how these reform activities can best support overall government performance and economic growth.
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9789264040892
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Encouraging student interest in science and technology studies
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education, Higher Aims and objectives ; Science Study and teaching (Higher) ; Technology Study and teaching (Higher) ; Education ; Science and Technology ; Hochschulbildung ; Wissenschaft ; Technologie ; Studium
    Abstract: Encouraging Student Interest in Science and Technology Studies examines overall trends in higher education enrolments and the evolution of S&T compared with other disciplines. The results suggest that although absolute numbers of S&T students have been rising as access to higher levels of education expands in OECD economies, the relative share of S&T students among the overall student population has been falling, The report shows that encouraging interest in S&T studies requires action to tackle a host of issues inside and outside the education system, ranging from teacher training and curriculum design to improving the image of S&T careers. Numerous examples of national initiatives are used to complement the analyses to derive a set of practical recommendations.
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789264038585
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Luxembourg 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Luxembourg 2007
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Luxembourg
    Keywords: Räumliche Verteilung ; Regionalpolitik ; Luxemburg ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Luxembourg ; Luxemburg ; Regionalpolitik ; Regionale Disparität
    Abstract: In the short span of just a few decades, Luxembourg has moved from a steel-based economy to one more broadly based on financial services. But being nestled between three other countries, each with their own infrastructure and development issues presents challenges. This review examines the economic trends and disparities within the region, including under-exploited assets. It makes recommendations regarding planning, the urban-rural balance, housing and land policy, transport, and R&D and education.
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264038080
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Norvège 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Norvège 2007
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Norway
    Keywords: Regionales Wachstum ; Regionalpolitik ; Norwegen ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Norway ; Norwegen ; Regionalpolitik
    Abstract: Few other countries feature the combination of very low population densities and difficult topography that hinders communication, in addition to a variety of contrasting climates. But the “Nordic welfare model” strives, with a good degree of success, to offer equal living conditions to all citizens by providing proper access to quality public services across the country. This comes, however, at great cost. This publication asks whether such a model can be sustainable in the long run, when population ageing and the reduction of petroleum reserves will reduce the leeway that the rapidly growing economy offers. It examines whether competitiveness and innovation could be further developed, given the high share of resource-based and traditional activities and whether urban policy could be better integrated into regional policy so as to better harness the energy of regional growth engines in different areas of the country, including the northern most parts. Lastly, it looks at whether impending regional reform could facilitate the necessary adaptations by transferring more power to regional councils.
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9789264043831
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Istanbul, Turkey
    Keywords: Wirtschaftsförderung ; Megastadt ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Istanbul ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Turkey ; Istanbul
    Abstract: Istanbul has established itself as the industrial, financial and logistics centre of the country, producing almost one-third of the national output and absorbing the bulk of foreign direct investment. And, on the international scale, Istanbul ranks among the fastest growing OECD metro-regions. This review finds, however, that Istanbul faces challenges that could hamper its ambition to become a Eurasian hub for finance, logistics, culture and tourism, as well as its development in general. Its economy is changing from one driven by labour-intensive activities to one based on knowledge industries, while traditional and labour-intensive sectors (e.g. textiles and its supply chain) are shifting only gradually and slowly to other complementary industry segments. Constraints on human capital development and the informal sector have hindered productivity levels and increased income disparities. Over-migration is putting a burden on Istanbul’s transport, public infrastructure and housing, and earthquake risk management. The scale and variety of these challenges necessitates improving local public management and implementing a national strategy to reduce regional disparities and to limit migration flows towards the megalopolis.
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9789264039827
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (648 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Prüfungen im Bereich Innovationspolitik ; China 2008; Synthesebericht
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Prüfungen im Bereich Innovationspolitik : China 2008: Synthesebericht
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy offer a comprehensive assessment of the innovation system of individual OECD member and non-member countries, focusing on the role of policy and government. The Chinese government has launched a national strategy to build an innovation-driven economy and society by 2020. Will China be able to succeed in making this challenging transition? This report assesses the current status of China’s national innovation system and policies, and recommends improvements required in both the policy and institutional environments for China to succeed in promoting innovation through a market-based approach.
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  • 79
    Language: English
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.149
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The policy guidance lays out the policy responses that need to be in place to ensure that consumers engaging in mobile commerce transactions are adequately informed, and are protected against security or privacy risks.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264008977
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (146 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews Portugal; (Portuguese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews Portugal: (Portuguese version)
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Portugal
    Abstract: In order to curb rising unemployment and to upgrade low value-added activities, the competitive edge lost in low-cost labour must be earned back through education and innovation. Regional policy stands as a key tool to achieve this shift in a relatively small yet diverse country with moderate economic growth and limited public spending capacity. This report analyses how a paradigm shift in regional policy, building on the knowledge of both public and private stakeholders in specific regions (ranging from dynamic urban areas on the coast to lagging inland areas), could help Portugal fully exploit its potential for sustainable development.
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  • 81
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.136
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Policy makers everywhere want to know about the social and economic impacts of ICT. The aim of this paper is to examine statistical issues associated with their measurement and to suggest areas for future work.
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  • 82
    Language: English
    Pages: 22 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.139
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper reviews recent measurement work on User-Created Content (UCC) undertaken in OECD countries.
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  • 83
    Language: English
    Pages: 53 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.143
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Droits de passage sur le domaine public pour le déploiement de la fibre jusqu'au domicile
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper examines the policies to obtain public rights-of-way permits in a number of OECD countries and access to ducts, which may act to slow down the pace of fibre roll-out in local access market, and suggests the policy options available.
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9789264043749
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Norway
    Abstract: The key strategic task ahead for the Norwegian government is to maintain high, sustainable growth even after the depletion of oil and gas reserves. Any foreseeable restructuring of the Norwegian economy compatible with this goal will entail a shift towards knowledge-based activities for which innovation is the key determinant of competitiveness. This report assesses the current status of Norway’s innovation system and policies, and identifies where and how the government should focus its efforts to improve the country's innovation capabilities.
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  • 85
    Language: English
    Pages: 72 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.145
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This new report focuses on possible scenarios and on the need to deploy the newer version of the Internet Protocol, IP version 6 (IPv6).
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  • 86
    Language: English
    Pages: 69 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.141
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Internet has been remarkably successful in developing greater communication access for the first billion users. This report seeks to address the question of where new Internet users will come from and to examine the large shifts in communications policy.
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  • 87
    ISBN: 9789264064690
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (182 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Higher Education and Regions; Globally Competitive, Locally Engaged
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Enseignement supérieur et régions ; Concurrence mondiale, engagement local
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Higher Education and Regions: Globally Competitive, Locally Engaged
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Enseignement supérieur et régions : Concurrence mondiale, engagement local
    Keywords: Education ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Pocas instituciones de educación superior enfocan sus estrategias con miras a su contribución al desarrollo de la región en la que se sitúan. Particularmente para las universidades más antiguas o que poseen un marcado perfil investigador, y que se concentran más en su reputación y en la búsqueda del conocimiento, sin considerar su entorno más cercano. Sin embargo, las políticas públicas al respecto han empezado a cambiar. La posición nacional e internacional y el compromiso regional de las instituciones de educación superior ahora son considerados como complementos y existe un nuevo enfoque en la competitividad regional asociada a ellas y en los sistemas de innovación regional. Se espera que las instituciones de educación superior se comprometan con otros actores en la región, incluyendo a las empresas privadas y a los pequeños negocios. Asimismo, deben ofrecer oportunidades de educación continua y contribuir al desarrollo de empleos basados en el conocimiento, los cuales permitirán a los graduados encontrar empleos locales y permanecer en sus comunidades. ¿Cómo pueden las instituciones de educación superior enfrentarse a este reto? La presente publicación explora un amplio abanico de medidas de políticas y reformas institucionales. A través de un extenso estudio de 14 regiones a través de 12 países, así como de estudios regionales de la OECD, se considera el compromiso regional de las instituciones de educación superior con respecto a la enseñanza, la investigación y los servicios a la comunidad. El informe ofrece respuestas a las siguientes preguntas: ¿Qué significa el compromiso regional de las instituciones de educación superior? ¿Cuáles son sus motores y sus obstáculos? ¿Qué significa el compromiso regional en términos de administración y gobernanza para las instituciones de educación superior, la región y el país en su conjunto? ¿Cómo se adecua el compromiso regional con la búsqueda de la excelencia académica a nivel mundial?
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  • 88
    ISBN: 9789264037526
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudios de la OECD sobre políticas de innovación; Chile 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudios de la OECD sobre políticas de innovación: Chile 2007
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Chile
    Abstract: The OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy offer a comprehensive assessment of the innovation system of individual OECD member and non-member countries, focusing on the role of government. A growing political awareness of the importance of innovation for the Chile’s future has recently translated into two bold decisions: the creation of an Innovation Council for Competitiveness entrusted with the mission of proposing guidelines for a long-term national innovation strategy; and the introduction of a specific mining tax to increase resources available to implement this strategy. This report assesses the current status of Chile’s innovation system and policies, and identifies where improvements are most needed in order to make the most efficient use of this additional public investment.
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9789282101650
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.137
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Transport, formes urbaines et croissance économique
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Transport
    Abstract: Containing sprawl is a major preoccupation of many urban planners, who view sprawl as responsible for driving up environmental costs and congestion. Nevertheless, many economists see benefits to sprawl, allowing households access to larger and cheaper properties. This Round Table examines the costs and benefits of sprawl, shedding light on the linkages between urban form and economic growth, and explored the tradeoffs involved in trying to contain sprawl. Discussions were based on papers prepared by Elizabeth Deakin (UC Berkeley), Matthew Kahn (Tufts University), Gilles Duranton (University of Toronto) and David Banister (University College London).
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  • 90
    ISBN: 9789264038240
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (254 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; South Africa
    Abstract: A comprehensive assessment of the innovation system of South Africa, focusing on the role of government, and providing concrete recommendations on how to improve policies which impact on innovation performance, including R&D policies. Post-apartheid South Africa has succeeded in swiftly opening its economy to international trade and capital flows, and in stabilising the economy while achieving reasonably good growth performance, mainly driven by productivity gains. However, important socio-economic problems persist, especially unemployment, poverty and the exclusion of a large fraction of the population from the formal economy. The country is now in the middle of two more specifically economic transitions: i) responding to globalisation and ii) transforming the structure of the economy away from its former heavy dependence on primary resource production and associated commodity-based industries. In this context, enhancing innovation capabilities is key to a sustained improvement of living standards based on productivity-driven growth. This review assesses the national innovation system of South Africa from this perspective, identifying areas and means for improvement with an emphasis on the role of public research organisations and policies.
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  • 91
    ISBN: 9789264037618
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; New Zealand
    Abstract: This comprehensive assessment of the innovation system of New Zealand examines how innovation has affected economic performance in New Zealand. It looks at who the actors are and how they are related to each other. And it examines in detail the role of the government and the effectiveness of the system. Finally, it makes a series of recommendations.
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  • 92
    Language: English
    Pages: 52 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.127
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This paper provides an overview of the evolution towards fixed-mobile convergence (FMC) and of some related regulatory and policy issues such as numbering and interconnection.
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789264017764
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (188 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Rural Policy Reviews; Germany 2007
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Rural Policy Reviews: Germany 2007
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Germany
    Abstract: Dieser Prüfbericht befasst sich mit den Herausforderungen und Chancen ländlicher Räume in Deutschland. Nach wie vor besteht ein erhebliches Ost-West-Gefälle, und dieses hat eindeutig auch ländliche Dimensionen. Auch Faktoren wie GAP-Reformen, Bevölkerungsalterung und Migration werden wichtige Auswirkungen auf ländliche Räume haben. Dieser Bericht konstatiert, dass Deutschlands derzeitiger Ansatz im Bereich der ländlichen Entwicklung und der Politik für ländliche Räume in erster Linie sektorbezogen ist und daher weder der Vielfalt der ländlichen Regionen voll gerecht wird noch die Entwicklung von Programmen fördert, die auf die Bedürfnisse der jeweiligen Orte zugeschnitten sind.
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9789264034020
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: These Principles and Guidelines for Access to Research Data from Public Funding (hereafter the “Principles and Guidelines”) provide broad policy recommendations to the governmental science policy and funding bodies of member countries on access to research data from public funding. They are intended to promote data access and sharing among researchers, research institutions, and national research agencies, while at the same time, recognising and taking into account, the various national laws, research policies and organisational structures of member countries...
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  • 95
    ISBN: 9789264037472
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Participative web and user-created content
    DDC: 006.7
    RVK:
    Keywords: Web 2.0-Technologien ; Social Web ; Science and Technology ; Soziale Software ; World Wide Web 2.0
    Abstract: Drawing on an expanding array of intelligent web services and applications, a growing number of people are creating, distributing and exploiting user-created content (UCC) and being part of the wider participative web. This study describes the rapid growth of UCC and its increasing role in worldwide communication, and draws out implications for policy. Questions addressed include: What is user-created content? What are its key drivers, its scope and different forms? What are the new value chains and business models? What are the extent and form of social, cultural and economic opportunities and impacts? What are the associated challenges? Is there a government role, and what form could it take?
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264040847
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (105 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama économique du secteur spatial 2007
    Keywords: Development ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Space applications are becoming an increasingly important part of everyday life. Weather forecasting, air traffic control, global communications and broadcasting, disaster management -- these and many other key activities would be almost unthinkable today without satellite technology. The space industry itself is relatively small compared to other manufacturing sectors, but its technological dynamism and strategic significance mean that it plays an ever more critical role in modern society. Paradoxically, it also figures among the sectors which are the least developed in terms of robust, internationally comparable statistics and data. This book attempts to rectify that situation by assembling information from a wide range of official and non-official sources. Together these paint a richly detailed picture of the space industry, its downstream services activities, and its wider economic and social impacts. Who are the main space-faring nations? How large are revenues and how much employment is there in the sector? How much R&D goes on, and where? What is the value of spin-offs from space spending? Answers to these and other questions are provided in this first-ever OECD statistical overview of the emerging space economy. A dynamic link (StatLink) is provided for graphs, which directs the user to a web page where the corresponding data are available in Excel® format.
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789264030527
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD e-Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Wang, Yih-Jeou Hungary
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: E-Government ; Ungarn ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Hungary ; Ungarn ; E-Government
    Abstract: E-Government in Hungary has been driven by the overarching national goal to integrate Hungary in the European Union. Strong political leadership has lead to results in a short space of time, including the online availability of 20 core e-government services benchmarked by the EU, as well as other transactional services. The review draws several important lessons from the Hungarian experience: Hungary has moved forward by adopting international good practices, rather than re-inventing the wheel. In order to continue progress, however, Hungary needs to focus on the bigger picture which means using e-government to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the public sector, i.e. better government, not more government. This review also identifies the challenges that Hungary will face in order to meet these new objectives.
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  • 98
    Language: English
    Pages: 102 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.130
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'élaboration de politiques de protection des infrastructures d'information critiques
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The 2006 OECD study offers an analysis of the CII security policies in four countries: Canada, Korea, the United Kingdom, and the United States - with a focus on the drivers for and challenges to their development.
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  • 99
    Language: English
    Pages: 26 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.133
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Can governments elevate their broadband performance rankings? This paper aims to identify the factors that are significant in driving broadband penetration.
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  • 100
    Language: English
    Pages: 44 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.132
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Report on the 2nd Roundtable on Economics for Consumer Policy, held in October 2006, to consider the economic theories of information disclosure with a focus on two major industry sectors – telecommunications and financial services.
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