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  • 2000-2004  (47)
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (47)
  • Urban, Rural and Regional Development  (29)
  • Social Issues/Migration/Health  (19)
  • OECD-Staaten
  • 1
    ISBN: 9789264017320 , 9264017321
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Entrepreneurship
    RVK:
    Keywords: Entrepreneurship ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Wirtschaftsförderung ; Städtischer Niedergang ; Stadterneuerung ; OECD-Staaten ; Konferenzschrift ; Unternehmer ; Wirtschaftsförderung
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789264020139
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (428 p.)
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: The papers in this conference proceedings address the various conceptual, measurement and statistical policy issues that arise when applying accounting frameworks to the concept of sustainable development.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789264103191
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (373 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Non-profit Sector in a Changing Economy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le secteur à but non lucratif dans une économie en mutation
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Las tendencias económicas recientes, que se reflejan en una mayor presión en términos económicos, la reforma del Estado benefactor, el surgimiento de la sociedad civil y la democracia participativa, han destacado la importancia creciente del sector sin fines de lucro en los países de la OCDE. Este sector, a menudo asociado con conceptos como “la economía social”, “el tercer sector”, “el sector de trabajo voluntario”, “el tercer sistema”, “el sector independiente” y, más recientemente, “la iniciativa empresarial social”, se ha enfrentado a una serie de retos cruciales. Entre ellos se encuentra el impulso para introducir criterios administrativos rigurosos, mientras que a la vez se mantiene la dimensión social única del sector y se fomenta la innovación social. Esta publicación ofrece una evaluación integral y transformadora de las nuevas tendencias en el ámbito de los estudios sobre el sector sin fines de lucro. Contiene contribuciones de expertos y académicos líderes en esta disciplina, y analiza los acontecimientos más significativos registrados en este sector en los países de la Unión Europea, Estados Unidos, Canadá, México y Australia. Asimismo, presenta un análisis comparativo y detallado de las herramientas y métodos empleados para financiar, supervisar y evaluar este sector de actividad económica y social. Este libro es una lectura fundamental para los diseñadores de políticas, practicantes en el sector y académicos interesados en conocer los más recientes acontecimientos teóricos y empíricos registrados en este sector en continua expansión.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264015548
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Well-being of Nations; The Role of Human and Social Capital
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Du bien-être des nations ; Le rôle du capital humain et social
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Well-being of Nations: The Role of Human and Social Capital
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Du bien-être des nations : Le rôle du capital humain et social
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: DIE ROLLE VON HUMAN- UND SOZIALKAPITAL In unserer heutigen, sich rasch wandelnden Welt dürfte der Erfolg von Nationen, Individuen, gesellschaftlichen Gruppen und Gemeinwesen wohl mehr denn je von deren Fähigkeit abhängen, sich dem Wandel anzupassen, Wissen zu erwerben und auszutauschen. Der vorliegende Bericht trägt zur Klärung der Konzepte Human- und Sozialkapital bei und evaluiert deren Einfluss auf Wirtschaftswachstum und Wohlergehen. Der Begriff des Sozialkapitals, der erst seit kurzem in der Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaft existiert, ist bislang noch relativ wenig belegt. Der Bericht stützt sich daher auf eine Reihe empirischer Untersuchungen, die auf potentiell signifikante Beziehungen zwischen Human- und Sozialkapital hindeuten. Den verfügbaren Erkenntnissen zufolge können Human- und Sozialkapital einen entscheidenden Beitrag zu einer ganzen Reihe positiver Ergebnisse leisten, die von höheren Einkommen über stärkeren sozialen Zusammenhalt bis hin zu größerer Lebenszufriedenheit reichen. Auch wenn es keine Belege für systematische „Unterinvestitionen" weder in Human- oder Sozialkapital gibt, werden doch gewisse Bedenken hinsichtlich Verteilung und Qualität beider Kapitalformen geäußert und die Frage untersucht, wie sich diese Aspekte auf das Wohlergehen künftiger Generationen auswirken könnten. Kurzfristig verfügt die staatliche Politik nur über begrenzten Spielraum zur Beeinflussung von Qualität, Niveau und Verteilung des Human- und Sozialkapitals. Langfristig gibt es aber eine Reihe von Bereichen, in denen staatliche, private und ehrenamtliche Akteure zur Verbesserung des Human- und Sozialkapitals beitragen können.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264589360
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Governance in the 21st Century
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La gouvernance au XXIe siècle
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Governance in the 21st Century (Korean version)
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Mit dem Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts stehen weitere dramatische Umwälzungen in Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft an der Tagesordnung. Das zunehmende Zusammenwachsen internationaler Märkte, die Einführung grundlegend neuer Technologien sowie eine sich verstärkende Wissensintensität menschlicher Tätigkeit deuten auf eine außerordentlich komplexe Welt von morgen. Aber wer soll diese Entwicklungen steuern? Und in welche Bahnen sollen sie gelenkt werden? Welche organisatorischen und institutionellen Voraussetzungen und welche Entscheidungsstrukturen und -prozesse werden auf lokaler, nationaler und globaler Ebene benötigt, um diesen Herausforderungen begegnen zu können?Diese Veröffentlichung untersucht die Chancen und Risiken wirtschaftlicher, gesellschaftlicher und technologischer Natur, denen sich die Entscheidungsträger in den kommenden Jahren zu stellen haben werden, und erforscht die Grundlagen, die es der Gesellschaft erlauben, die Zukunft flexibler und mit der Teilnahme aller gesellschaftlichen Kräfte zu gestalten.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264103214
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development; Programme and Policy Recommendations
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'entreprenariat et le développement économique local ; Quels programmes et quelles politiques ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development; Programme and Policy Recommendations (Turkish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development: Programme and Policy Recommendations
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'entreprenariat et le développement économique local : Quels programmes et quelles politiques ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development: Programme and Policy Recommendations (Turkish version)
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: En los países miembros de la OCDE resulta sorprendente el espectro, número y crecimiento de los programas de apoyo para la iniciativa empresarial y la microempresa. Buena parte del interés de política por fomentar la iniciativa empresarial se refleja en la convicción de que la creación de nuevas empresas contribuirá a facilitar el logro de importantes objetivos económicos y sociales. El aumento en el ritmo de creación de empresas es hoy una inquietud casi universal para las autoridades locales, al igual que para los gobiernos centrales que desean combatir la marginación económica local. Sin embargo, a pesar del amplio interés de política, pocos estudios han analizado sistemáticamente la relación entre la creación de nuevas empresas y el desarrollo económico local. Esta publicación analiza las principales rutas a través de las cuales la creación de empresas y su desarrollo puede tener un impacto sobre las economías locales. Así, se analiza la evidencia empírica acerca de la relación entre la iniciativa empresarial y las economías locales. Asimismo, se demuestra que aunque la creación de empresas puede resultar un componente crucial para el desarrollo económico local, el fomento de la iniciativa empresarial no constituye una panacea para el desarrollo. Por ello, se discuten a profundidad una serie de limitaciones potenciales de las estrategias orientadas hacia la iniciativa empresarial y cómo estas limitaciones pueden contrarrestarse. Este libro presenta detalladas recomendaciones de política tanto en el ámbito gubernamental local como nacional. Las recomendaciones se relacionan con tres ámbitos temáticos: estrategia, financiamiento y diseño de programas. Se espera que estos lineamientos sean de utilidad para los gobiernos centrales y locales en el diseño y la puesta en marcha de programas y estrategias eficaces en términos de costos. En este sentido, la presente publicación describe los tipos de investigación que deben llevarse a cabo para lograr un mejor entendimiento de los temas clave de política.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789264015951
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (223 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Greece
    Abstract: This review outlines the key issues which will be important in shaping the future development of Athens, identifies trends in governmental policies and highlights the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the Athens Region. Three policy areas identified as requiring particular attention have been examined: Enhancing economic development and the competitiveness of the Athens Region; Improving governance, in particular spatial planning and implementing regulatory reforms; and capturing benefits of the Olympic Games in the post-Olympic period.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789264032989
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The report reviews progress on the availability of broadband access across the OECD area. It particularly focuses on benchmarking digital subscriber line (DSL) and cable modem expansion and availability, as well as the emergence of broadband wireless as a platform to provide low-cost high-performance access networks in rural and remote areas. The paper finds that DSL availability is proceeding apace, with around three-quarters of existing subscriber lines being able to provide service by 2003. Cable networks pass 58% of households with just under three-quarters of those networks having been upgraded for broadband access. The paper also explores the increasing capabilities of wireless...
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789264016231
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies/Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United Kingdom
    Abstract: This report, part of a series covering around 20 OECD countries, contains a survey of the UK's main barriers to employment for older workers, an assessment of the adequacy and effectiveness of existing measures to overcome these barriers, and a set of policy recommendations to further action by public authorities and social partners. These recommendations are designed to alleviate some of the pension and health care pressures governments are facing because of ageing populations.
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9789264015326
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (318 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les nouvelles formes de gouvernance et le développement économique
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: New forms of governance are emerging. Government, business and civil society are increasingly seeking ways to develop and pursue economic development strategies and solve socio-economic problems jointly. Regional strategic platforms, partnerships, open governments and other agents of change help release the potential of their area thanks to better co-ordination, and adaptation of public policies to local conditions. This book examines how the new forms of governance overcome administrative, political and financial obstacles and impact local prosperity and the quality of life. These new approaches are illustrated with the results of some of the ambitious initiatives taken by Belgium, the Czech Republic, Mexico, Norway, Slovenia, Spain and Sweden.
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789264018327
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Mexico
    Abstract: The OECD Territorial Review of Mexico City highlights the region’s great potential for further growth, which is linked to the concentration of headquarters, educational establishments and research facilities, as well as high levels of FDI and rich cultural resources. However, it also reveals that this growth is constrained by low levels of human capital, inadequate infrastructure and widespread, acute poverty. The current governance framework, characterised by modest co-operation, also remains a sticking point for the region’s development.
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789264489462
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Local Partnerships for Better Governance
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Des partenariats locaux pour une meilleure gouvernance
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9789264104693
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Austria ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: OECD's Territorial Review of the Vienna/Bratislava region. The Vienna-Bratislava region on the Austrian-Slovak border rapidly increased its competitiveness after 1989, following a 40 year separation by the Iron Curtain. As a result of the removal of many national and international barriers, trade flows and foreign direct investment have flourished, and regional growth, above national averages, has reduced internal disparities. However, new obstacles to further integration have emerged. Institutional reforms and stronger cross-border collaboration will enable the region to improve transport infrastructure, tackle restrictions on labour mobility, and better link the learning and productive systems on both sides of the border.
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789264299474
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Systems
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des systèmes de santé ; La Corée 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des systèmes de santé : La Corée 2003
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: How can the performance of the Korean health care system be improved? How have the July 2000 health sector reforms affected performance? This book investigates a set of policy challenges concerning the type of government interventions that are needed to promote health systems objectives in a mixed public-private context.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789264199620
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (238 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Helsinki, Finlande 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Helsinki, Finlande 2003
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Finland
    Abstract: The Greater Helsinki Region emerged from the 1990s as an internationally competitive economy. This review examines the factors contributing to this success and the new development challenges it has created. One critical policy question is the Finnish dependence on the telecom/mobile industry. The current strategic positioning of the Finnish ICT cluster builds on a high-return/high-risk scenario. Long-term regional competitiveness requires a more focused strategy of diversification, i.e. developing ICT activities beyond the current cluster scope. Social inclusion is another crucial issue. Persistent unemployment among the less educated population and growing income disparities are calling for the restructuring of past policies. The Greater Helsinki Region needs to find ways to promote new opportunities of social cohesion. Rapid population growth has resulted from greater economic competitiveness requiring renewed commitment to managed growth and compact development. All of these challenges create needs for greater metropolitan co-ordination that are examined in turn.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789264199545
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (340 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le secteur à but non lucratif dans une économie en mutation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. El sector sin fines de lucro en una economía cambiante
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Recent socio-economic trends, welfare state reform; the emergence of civil society and democracy have highlighted the growing significance of the non-profit sector – a sector between state and market – often associated with concepts such as ‘social economy’, ‘third sector’, ‘voluntary sector’, ‘third system’, ‘independent sector’ and, more recently, ‘social entrepreneurship’. This sector is facing a number of crucial new challenges such as management quality whilst both maintaining the sector's unique social dimension and fostering social innovation. Drawing on contributions from leading experts and academics, this report provides ground-breaking assessment of new trends; reviews the significant non-profit sector developments in EU countries, the US; Canada; Mexico and Australia; and provides tools on how to finance, monitor and evaluate the sector. This book, supported by statistical data, is for policy makers, practitioners, academics and the corporate sector.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264101227
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les risques émergents au XXIe siècle ; Vers un programme d'action
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les risques émergents au XXIe siècle : Vers un programme d'action
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: The 21st Century has so far witnessed a host of large-scale disasters in various parts of the world including: windstorms, flooding, new diseases infesting both humans and animals, terrorist attacks and major disruptions to critical infrastructures. It is not just the nature of major risks that seems to be changing, but also the context in which risks are evolving as well as society’s capacity to manage them. This book explores the implications of these developments for economy and society in the 21st century, focussing in particular on the potentially significant increase in the vulnerability of major systems. It concentrates on five large risk clusters: natural disasters, technological accidents, infectious diseases, food safety and terrorism, identifies the challenges facing OECD countries and sets out recommendations for governments and the private sector as to how the management of emerging systemic risks might be improved.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789264104716
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (372 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Decentralising labour market policy is a delicate and challenging subject of political debate. Does decentralisation really enable co-ordination of policies? At the local level, how do we make the best use of decentralised powers? How can greater flexibility be provided in managing policies while still guaranteeing efficiency and accountability? To enhance responsiveness to citizens’ needs, governments increasingly decentralise the way policies are designed and implemented. In the labour market policy area, many stakeholders, from business and local government to community groups and NGOs have been receptive. The OECD invited leading experts and experienced policy makers and practitioners to address these questions and share their experiences in dealing with such issues. This report, supported by statistical data, summarises the lessons learnt from their experiences. It is for researchers, leading experts, business communities, economists in government circles and NGOs.
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789264100800
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Denmark ; Sweden
    Abstract: OECD's comprehensive territorial review of the Oresund region of Denmark and Sweden. Competitiveness is increasingly cited as the key objective of regional economic policy. In the same way that company executives strive to improve their market share and national governments are introducing competitiveness strategies, policy makers in urban areas are looking for ways to increase or maintain the competitive edge of their cities. This is a daunting task in any situation, but particularly so when, as in this case, the functional economic area concerned stretches across national boundaries. The constituent regions of Öresund, comprising the island of Zealand in Denmark, home of Copenhagen, and Sweden’s Skåne region which hosts the country’s third biggest city, Malmö are both wealthy areas. It is a “learning region” and has a strong presence in some high technology sectors. As such, the key to future growth is not simply the creation of a fixed link between the two parts of the region or improved flexibility in an expanded labour market. The region must look outward and compete with other metropolitan areas to retain and augment the assets that give it, at present, a strong competitive position in the “new economy”.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264199354
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Mexique 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudios Territoriales de la OCDE; México 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Mexique 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudios Territoriales de la OCDE: México 2003
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Mexico
    Abstract: This review of Mexico evaluates emerging territorial development strategies as well as relevant changes in governance, such as new horizontal and vertical co-ordination mechanisms, being introduced in conjunction with improved federal arrangements. The review focuses on three policy objectives that are considered as having greatest priority in confronting and redressing Mexico’s stark regional disparities: alleviating poverty, fostering competitiveness and enhancing connectivity. The review is for academia, policy makers and economists, NGOs and independent think tanks.
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9789264104747
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (45 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La constitution d'un patrimoine et la sortie de la pauvreté ; Introduction à un nouveau débat sur la politique du bien-être
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La formación de patrimonio y el escape de la pobreza ; Un nuevo debate sobre la política del bienestar social
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'asset building e l'uscita dalla povertà; Un nuovo dibattito sulla politica del welfare
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La constitution d'un patrimoine et la sortie de la pauvreté : Introduction à un nouveau débat sur la politique du bien-être
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La formación de patrimonio y el escape de la pobreza : Un nuevo debate sobre la política del bienestar social
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'asset building e l'uscita dalla povertà: Un nuovo dibattito sulla politica del welfare
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: Governments in developed countries have long used, directly or indirectly through their tax systems, policies that subsidise or otherwise encourage the population at large to acquire assets such as financial savings, home ownership, retirement funds, education (human capital) or business capital. These policies seldom reach the poor. In fact, for the poor these policies often do not stimulate saving but rather discourage it. However, the evidence reported in this book is that the poor want to save, and can do so in modest amounts. In fact, they will do so, often with sacrifices greater than either policy makers or the more well-off might imagine. Extending asset-building policies to the poor can represent an effective attack on both poverty and economic and social alienation of the poor, because it has positive welfare effects that income support alone cannot provide.This book establishes the context for a fruitful debate on the merits and demerits of asset building for the poor by setting out the basic ideas involved in asset-building programmes and proposals. It also outlines the social policy advantages that their proponents claim, and documents what the existing programmes and demonstration projects look like.
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789264175990
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Moravska Trebova-Jevicko, République Tchèque 2002
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Moravska Trebova-Jevicko, République Tchèque 2002
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Czech Republic
    Abstract: This report brings into light an emerging framework, with a new territorial unit for local initiative in the Czech Republic: the micro-region. It investigates the issues at stake in the development of these voluntary entities, that can be characterised as main partners for regions, although they do not correspond to an administrative level.
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9789264101609
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (376 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Australia
    Abstract: OECD's comprehensive territorial review of Melbourne, Australia's second largest city, most important container port, and leading cultural and educational centre. It finds that Melbourne is poised for a major phase in its growth, but that it faces a number of challenges.
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9789264199798
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'entreprenariat et le développement économique local ; Quels programmes et quelles politiques ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Iniciativa empresarial y desarrollo económico local ; recomendaciones para la aplicación de programas y políticas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development; Programme and Policy Recommendations (Turkish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'entreprenariat et le développement économique local : Quels programmes et quelles politiques ?
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Iniciativa empresarial y desarrollo económico local : recomendaciones para la aplicación de programas y políticas
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Entrepreneurship and Local Economic Development: Programme and Policy Recommendations (Turkish version)
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Few studies have systematically examined the relationship between the creation of new firms and local economic development -- yet it is a universal concern for central and local governments wishing to combat localised economic distress. This book examines the principal routes through which enterprise creation can have a positive impact on local economies. Recommendations cover three thematic areas: strategy, finance and programme design. The book is for investment agencies, entrepreneurs seeking to invest locally and economists in the corporate sector. "Overall, this is an excellent overview of the key issues concerning entrepreneurship and local economic development. While primarily aimed at the pragmatic policymakers, who will find it extremely valuable, it also has the rigor and breadth to interest researchers and students." Ronald McQuaidEmployment Research InstituteNapier University, Edinburgh, UKJOURNAL OF REGIONAL SCIENCE, VOL. 44, NO. 3, 2004
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264594777
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Die DAC-Leitlinien
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Poverty Reduction
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La réduction de la pauvreté
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: Die Entwicklungsländer setzen sich heute – mit Unterstützung der multilateralen Institutionen, der bilateralen Gebergemeinschaft wie auch der zivilgesellschaftlichen Organisationen – nachdrücklicher als je zuvor für die Verwirklichung des prioritären Entwicklungsziels, einer Halbierung der Armut bis zum Jahr 2015, ein. Den Mittelpunkt aller EZ-Bemühungen bilden nunmehr Armutsbekämpfungsstrategien, die von den betreffenden Ländern selbst getragen und unter ihrer Leitung durchgeführt werden und die sich an den lokalen Bedürfnissen und Prioritäten orientieren, wie sie von den unmittelbar betroffenen Parteien selbst definiert werden. Die DAC-Leitlinien für die Armutsbekämpfung enthalten konkrete Informationen über die Art der Armut wie auch über die effizientesten Konzepte, Maßnahmen, Instrumente und Wege für die Bewältigung der Armut.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264560659
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews; Switzerland 2002
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Suisse 2002
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews: Switzerland 2002
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Suisse 2002
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Die Schweiz weist, verglichen mit andern OECD-Staaten, geringe interregionale Disparitäten auf. Doch viele Strategien, die der nationalen Kohäsion förderlich sind, wie die Landwirtschaftspolitik, der service public, das öffentliche Beschaffungswesen oder der Finanzausgleich, sind im letzten Jahrzehnt unter Reformdruck geraten. Zudem stehen neue Themen auf der politischen Agenda, wie etwa die wachsenden Ungleichgewichte innerhalb der Metropolitanräume oder die Modernisierung traditioneller Industrien. Das vorliegende Examen zeigt deshalb, dass es notwendig ist, die Regionalpolitik neu zu orientieren. Es betont die Notwendigkeit, Regionalpolitik auf das ganze Land auszudehnen und stärker mit der Raumplanung zu verknüpfen, um sicherzustellen, dass alle Landesteile von den Vorteilen von Liberalisierung und Globalisierung profitieren können.
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789264160651
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Suisse 2002
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorialexamen; Schweiz
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Suisse 2002
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorialexamen: Schweiz
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Switzerland
    Abstract: The review points to the need to redesign regional policy. The ongoing reform of fiscal federalism, supposed to foster subnational autonomy and to reduce disparities more effectively, is an important step towards balanced regional development. The review emphasises the need to extend regional policy to the entire country, and to link it more strongly to spatial planning, in order to ensure that all regions benefit from the advantages of liberalisation and globalisation.
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9789264195967
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Tzoumerka, Grèce 2002
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Tzoumerka, Grèce 2002
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Greece
    Abstract: OECD's territorial review of the Tzoumerka region of Greece. The Tzoumerka is a mountainous area in Northwestern Greece that presents considerable development challenges with respect to economic growth, social cohesion and governance. The area is highly dependent on traditional agricultural activities that are only made viable by considerable Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) support. Unfortunately, this support will almost inevitably decline. As incentives to modernise agricultural activities and promote other business activity have been ineffective, local development policy will need to go farther. It must direct the local population away from old survival habits to investing in capabilities required of new economic projects. The policy instruments that are likely to be most effective in creating a new mindset will consist in identifying and incubating a small number of successful initiatives with strong demonstration effects. Strategies identified include processing raw agricultural products into premium foodstuffs, to appeal to contemporary demand trends, and harnessing the valuable tourism resources of the area in order to attract visitors who increasingly seek out authenticity in their tourism experiences.
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9789264175952
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Champagne-Ardenne, France 2002
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Champagne-Ardenne, France 2002
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; France
    Abstract: The Champagne-Ardenne region in the north-east of France enjoys comparative advantages in a number of sectors, including mechanics, metalworking, packaging and agriculture, and of course Champagne. Although it still ranks fifth among French regions in terms of GDP/capita, Champagne-Ardenne lost ground during the recession of the early 1990s. This report analyses the strategy conducted by the Regional Council to strengthen the catching-up process and diversify the regional economy. It insists on the need to focus on two prime engines of growth: entrepreneurship and foreign direct investment. Moreover, increasing the competitiveness of the region calls for special efforts to help Champagne-Ardenne move towards more knowledge-based economic activities, to stimulate research and to encourage SMEs to network and innovate. While a better balance between agricultural policies and rural policies needs to be found, the region also has an important role to play in fighting urban decay - Champagne-Ardenne is one of the regions in France with the largest proportions of total population living in sensitive urban zones.The report also suggests that the potential for urban development could be enhanced by encouraging co-operation among cities and fostering the establishment of urban networks.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264176300
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Canada 2002
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Canada 2002
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Canada
    Abstract: OECD's Territorial Review of Canada. It finds that Canada is composed of three macroregions: a southern ribbon with all the important metropolitan areas, a zone of rural and non-metropolitan adjacent regions and a sub-continent of remote northern territories. Disparities between these macroregions persist and may even be growing. Opportunities for growth are lost because of these imbalances and also because specific regional advantages are not fully tapped. In many regions, weak local governance is hindering the emergence of local grass-roots projects, diffusion of R&D results to SMEs is slow and dialogue between higher education institutions and firms is poor. This report underlines the need for federal agencies and sectoral departments to continuously assess the consistency of their policies with regard to the three macroregions in order to enhance territorial cohesion and better tailor programmes to local conditions. More federal involvement in metropolitan issues notably through negotiated planning could help to institutionalise and strengthen urban policies. This report also emphasises the significant overhauling of rural policies that took place recently. It underlines that in certain areas such as amenities a strategic approach is still to be defined. Resolving governance issues is a priority in the north.
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9789264194373
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (228 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Sienne, Italie 2002
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Sienne, Italie 2002
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Italy
    Abstract: OECD's territorial review of the Italian province of Siena. It finds that Siena, a predominantly rural province in central Italy, has enjoyed steady economic growth throughout the post-war period. This success has its roots in a diverse economy based on manufacturing, services, high-value-added agriculture and a dynamic tourism sector. Nonetheless, it is these last two sectors that give Siena its main competitive advantage: an outstanding concentration of high-quality environmental and cultural resources which are unique to the region. The promotion of different sustainable development initiatives has been motivated by the need to ensure the valorisation and conservation of this major asset. This is most apparent in the effort to ensure that the region's development is not spoilt by the impact of mass tourism and an uncoordinated offer. The agrarian landscape also faces an uncertain future as the bulk of the cultivated land area remains dependent on EU subsidies, notwithstanding the market success of many agricultural producers. To respond to the challenges of sustainable development, Siena needs to fully integrate its development objectives with the most effective means to bring them about, in a co-ordinated and long-term planning exercise.
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9789264064683
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (174 p)
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development
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  • 33
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264193420
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Italie 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Italie 2001
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Italy
    Abstract: OECD's territorial review of Italian regions. It finds that Italy’s economic development has been characterised by marked regional disparities, most notably between the Centre-North and the South. Today, Italy demonstrates one of the widest geographical dualisms among OECD Member countries. In the Southern regions, the unemployment rate is still four times higher than in the Centre-North despite recent signs of dynamism. The infrastructure endowment of the South remains far below the national average and organised crime still constitutes a heavy deterrent both for investment and endogenous development. The country has recently started relevant and promising transformations of its territorial governance aimed at creating those framework conditions that could favour local economic development in depressed areas. New instruments have been developed for the Mezzogiorno (Southern Italy) which involve all actors and all tiers of government, in the strategic phases of design, implementation and evaluation of territorial policies. The review describes these policy innovations and discusses the major challenges that the country must tackle in order to reach a more balanced territorial development and lay the foundations of a new convergence process.
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789264192928
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Science and technology improves human health but the pressure for faster and larger improvements is building with the continued ageing of the population of many OECD countries and the associated increased demands for health care. A fundamental starting point for better understanding of the impact of innovation on health is the measurement of R&D. This publication addresses this issue by looking in detail at measurement practices across ten OECD member countries as well as the main international sources.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264194779
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (125 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The DAC Guidelines
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La réduction de la pauvreté
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Armutsbekämpfung
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: Developing countries, with the support of multilateral institutions, the bilateral development assistance community and civil society organisations, are focusing as never before on the development priority of reducing poverty by half by 2015. Country-led and country-owned poverty reduction strategies focusing on local needs and priorities as determined by stakeholders are now the focus of all development assistance efforts. The DAC Guidelines on Poverty Reduction provide practical information about the nature of poverty and best practice approaches, policies, instruments and channels for tackling it. They also break new ground in setting out the parameters for building effective partnerships with governments, civil society, and other development actors, and in describing how institutional change and development within bilateral agencies themselves could be undertaken for mainstreaming poverty reduction, partnership and policy coherence.
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789264193215
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Districts centraux de Valence, Espagne 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Districts centraux de Valence, Espagne 2001
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Spain
    Abstract: OECD's Territorial Review of the Valencian Central Districts of Spain. It finds that the future of the region in an era of globalisation is uncertain. At a time when producer services are becoming critical to the success of goods producing industries, will the small settlements that characterise the Valencian Central Districts be able to maintain their competitive position? And should they find new forms of partnership in order to increase their capacity to make investments? The aim of this Territorial Review is to provide practical policy advice on how the area can respond to new challenges by enhancing potential opportunities.
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9789264195509
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (163 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Hongrie 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Hongrie 2001
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Hungary
    Abstract: OECD's territorial review of Hungary. It finds that ater a period of decline Hungary has returned on a satisfactory growth track. However, benefit and cost have not been evenly distributed during the transition. This report points to the persisting disparities between the West and the East, the capital and the periphery and urban and rural areas. It analyses numerous spatial, economic and social issues including transportation priorities, clustering of regional capacities, cross-border co-operation, the links between foreign investment and endogenous activities and social policies decentralisation. The review emphasizes the need to better articulate the territorial policy framework with those of the EU and proposes recommendations in order to streamline the institutional system and reinforce the subnational levels.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264195684
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (167 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE ; Corée 2001
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens territoriaux de l'OCDE : Corée 2001
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: OECD's territorial review of Korea. It finds that deep societal changes against the backdrop of rapid economic growth have characterised Korea in the Post-War period. Most notably, the tripling of its population has induced significant territorial transformations. Despite the effort to promote balanced regional growth, Korea is still characterised by substantial geographical polarisation. An economically dominant Capital region lodges more than 45 per cent of the country’s population, producing nearly half of its GDP. Over the past decade, policy makers have developed a comprehensive spatial perspective, they have put in place policies tackling the use of land, infrastructure and problems in lagging regions, and they have significantly restructured territorial governance. However, further action may help fully exploit the on-going efforts. Cross-sectoral co-ordination is weak and better correspondence between the overall spatial vision and financial support to individual public projects seems appropriate. Territorial governance remains centrally oriented with the result that limited local autonomy may hinder regional innovation directed to sustainable economic growth. The focus on large firms may fail in exploiting the considerable contribution of SMEs to regional development.
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9789264194786
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Series Statement: The DAC Guidelines
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Prévenir les conflits violents ; quels moyens d'action? ; Partie I; Prévenir les conflits violents; orientations à l'intention des partenaires extérieurs - Partie II; Les conflits, la paix et la coopération pour le développement à l'aube du 21ème siècle
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Prévenir les conflits violents : quels moyens d'action? : Partie I: Prévenir les conflits violents: orientations à l'intention des partenaires extérieurs - Partie II: Les conflits, la paix et la coopération pour le développement à l'aube du 21ème siècle
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: These Guidelines provide ways for donor governments to honour their commitment to conflict prevention as an integral part of the quest to reduce poverty. They cover key issues such as: security, development and dealing with small arms; regional co-operation; peace processes, justice and reconciliation; engaging in partnerships for peace; working with business; and grappling with the political economy of war - situations where powerful groups acquire a vested interest in sparking or perpetuating violent conflict. They identify concrete opportunities for donor assistance in support of peace that include: democratisation; inter-community relations; education and cross-cultural training; human rights training; freedom and access to information; the reintegration of uprooted populations; the demobilisation of former combatants; landmine clearing; and the restoration of a capacity for economic management. This full set of guidance on conflict prevention to date from the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) includes the 2001 Supplement and the ground-breaking 1997 Guidelines. This work marks a reaffirmation of the international community’s commitment to work together across government systems to improve their analyses of violent conflicts and establish more coherent policies. “… We are promoting the consideration of conflict prevention in development assistance strategies with a view to achieving quicker and better co-ordinated assistance strategies – including the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HPIC) initiative – and ensuring a smooth transition from relief to post-conflict development. A significant example of such consideration is the April 2001 OECD/DAC Supplement to the 1997 Guidelines on Conflict, Peace and Development Co-operation.” – Excerpt from the Conclusions of the G-8 Foreign Ministers’ meeting, July 2001.
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789264189515
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Du bien-être des nations ; Le rôle du capital humain et social
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vom Wohlergehen der Nationen
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Du bien-être des nations : Le rôle du capital humain et social
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: In a rapidly changing world, the success of nations, communities and individuals may be linked, more than ever before, to how they adapt to change, learn and share knowledge. This report helps clarify the concepts of human and social capital and evaluates their impact on economic growth and well-being. Although the evidence on social capital is less developed, reflecting the novelty of the concept in economic and social science, the report draws on a number of empirical studies which suggest potentially important linkages between human and social capital. The evidence suggests that human and social capital can be of key importance in contributing to a wide range of positive outcomes, including higher income, life satisfaction and social cohesion. Although there is no evidence for systematic "under-investment" in either human or social capital, concerns are expressed about the distribution and quality of each form of capital and how this might impact on future well-being. There is limited scope for public policy to change the quality, stock and distribution of human and social capital in the short-term. However, a number of areas are discussed in which public, private and voluntary actors may leverage long-term improvements in both human and social capital.
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9789264196087
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (352 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The international mobility of highly skilled workers, in particular human resources in science and technology (HRST) such as scientists, engineers and IT experts, is currently an important policy issue in the majority of OECD countries. Accompanying the booming demand for skilled labour, especially from the information technology-related industries and professions, there is apparently a growing shortage of such workers in a number of OECD Member countries. In order to meet these shortages, an increasing number of countries are implementing measures to facilitate the recruitment of foreign skilled workers. Considering that improved knowledge and understanding of these issues are necessary for informing the policy agenda, the OECD held a seminar on "International Mobility of Highly Skilled Workers: From Statistical Analysis to the Formulation of Policies", in Paris on 11-12 June 2001. This seminar was organised by the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (DSTI) and the Directorate for Education, Employment, Labour and Social Affairs (DEELSA). The seminar targeted three main objectives, which are mirrored in the structure of the book: Provide data on the scale and characteristics of flows and stocks of skilled and highly skilled foreign workers in the OECD Member countries and certain non-member economies: South Africa, China, India, Israel, Russia and Chinese Taipei; to assess the quality of the data available and the concepts used, and to help improve their comparability. Analyse the mobility of skilled workers and HRST and their impact on the economy through case studies covering most of the major regions sending and receiving these workers. Examine appropriate migration policies aimed at facilitating the mobility of skilled workers in ways that are beneficial both to receiving and sending countries.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264189911
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.) , ill.
    Edition: 2001 Edition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Perspectives territoriales de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: This first edition of the OECD Territorial Outlook examines policy developments in the areas of urban, rural and regional affairs in OECD countries. It explains why territorial policies matter and shows how diverse OECD countries can be. It examines such issues as sustainable development, metropolitan governance, and such policy devices as business incubators and enterprise clusters. The book closes with a survey of territorial policy trends in 15 OECD countries. Data are provided for geographic distribution of population and income per capita by region for OECD countries.
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9789264182455
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (364 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trends in International Migration 1999; Continuous Reporting System on Migration
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tendances des migrations internationales 1999 ; Système d'observation permanente des migrations
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trends in International Migration 1999: Continuous Reporting System on Migration
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Tendances des migrations internationales 1999 : Système d'observation permanente des migrations
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: Der Bericht bietet eine umfassende Analyse der jüngsten Entwicklungen bei Migrationsbewegungen und -politik in den OECD-Ländern sowie in einigen Nichtmitgliedsländern. Er enthält eine ausführliche Beschreibung der Migrationsströme, der verschiedenen Einreisewege und des Nationalitätenspektrums der Migranten. Er verweist auf die Bedeutung der Zuwanderung für das Wachstum der Gesamt- und der Erwerbsbevölkerung sowie die Veränderungen in der sektoralen Verteilung der Ausländerbeschäftigung. Aufgezeigt werden auch wichtige Gesetzesänderungen, die in bestimmten Aufnahmeländern (z.B. in Australien, Frankreich, Italien, den Niederlanden, Polen und dem Vereinigten Königreich) vorgenommen wurden, um die Migrationsströme besser zu steuern und selektivere Zulassungskriterien zu definieren, die sich stärker an den Arbeitsmarkterfordernissen orientieren. Schließlich vermittelt der Bericht einen Überblick über die Gesamtheit der Maßnahmen bezüglich der Integration von Zuwanderern und der internationalen Zusammenarbeit. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit gilt den Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Globalisierung, Migrationen und Entwicklung. Neben dieser Globalanalyse findet der Leser in dem Bericht: • Detaillierte Länderbeiträge, die die Hauptmerkmale der Migration im jeweiligen Land schildern. • Eine Untersuchung der wirtschaftlichen und politischen Folgen der illegalen Zuwanderung unter Berücksichtigung der verschiedenen irregulären Situationen, der Methoden zur Messung des Phänomens, seiner Arbeitsmarkteffekte und der gegen Arbeitgeber verhängten Sanktionen. • Einen statistischen Anhang mit neuesten Daten über Ausländer und Zuwanderer, ausländische Arbeitskräfte, Migrationsströme und Einbürgerungen.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264182479
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La société créative du XXIe siècle
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Die kreative Gesellschaft des 21. Jahrhunderts
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: How can growing social diversity be harnessed to make for more creative societies in the future? Three powerful forces are simultaneously shaping the social foundations of the future: deep-seated change in underlying economic systems, rapid global integration, and growing social diversity itself. The question is whether the three will combine constructively and lead to social progress or whether another, grimmer scenario lies ahead. Does growing diversity, commendable in itself, mean we are headed for more inequality across the world's populations? Will access to and use of new knowledge and advanced technologies alleviate or aggravate the differences? What steps can policy makers take to ensure that growing differentiation within and among societies gives rise to increased creativity instead of mounting tensions? This book asks some hard questions about our changing world, and examines the policy opportunities that need to be grasped if we are to foster sustainable social foundations for the 21st century.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264180819
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (280 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Los sistemas productivos locales no son recientes, pero están siendo anunciados por muchos como la solución a la crisis de las estructuras industriales tradicionales. Conforme el desempleo aumenta, estas agrupaciones de empresas han demostrado ser notablemente exitosas en la retención e incremento de su participación en el empleo. Muchos países de la OCDE cuentan con regiones innovadoras donde las empresas han aprendido a sacar provecho de los beneficios mutuos hechos posibles por la densidad de los vínculos verticales y horizontales. ¿El éxito de estas agrupaciones representará acaso la existencia de una nueva y valiosa herramienta para crear empleo, o son únicamente las condiciones económicas, sociales y de un zona en particular las que explican este fenómeno? Esta publicación analiza las experiencias de trabajo en redes y concentraciones en una amplia variedad de países. ¿Serán capaces estas experiencias de ser aplicadas en otros lugares? Mucho depende de la respuesta a esta pregunta.
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789264187702
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Creative Society of the 21st Century
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La société créative du XXIe siècle
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Drei fundamentale Antriebskräfte bestimmen die Grundlagen der Gesellschaft von morgen: - zunehmende soziale Diversität - tiefgreifende Umwälzungen der Wirtschaftsstrukturen - rasche Globalisierung.Wird das Zusammenspiel dieser Kräfte für eine positive gesellschaftliche Entwicklung sorgen oder liegt eine düstere Zukunft vor uns? Das hier bestehende Potential zu nutzen, ist eine vordringliche Aufgabe der Politik, denn Unsicherheit und Antagonismen stellen eine reale Gefahr dar. Wird mehr Diversität - eine an sich positive Entwicklung - weltweit zu grösserer Ungleichheit führen? Wird der Zugang zu neuem Wissen und neuen Technologien die Kluft vertiefen oder verringern? Welche Weichenstellungen sollte die Politik treffen, damit die zunehmende Differenzierung innerhalb und zwischen Gesellschaften die Kreativität fördert, und nicht etwa wachsende Spannungen entstehen lässt? Diese Veröffentlichung setzt sich mit unserer sich schnell wandelnden Welt auseinander, und untersucht die Politikansätze, die erforderlich sein werden, um den Übergang zu einem langfristig tragfähigen gesellschaftlichen Fundament zu erleichtern.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264181809
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Système de comptes de la santé
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Health care is one of the largest sectors in OECD countries, and accounts now for over 8% of GDP on average. This manual of the System of Health Accounts (Version 1.0) provides a set of comprehensive, consistent and flexible accounts to meet the needs of government and private-sector analysts and policy-makers. These accounts constitute a common framework for enhancing the comparability of data over time and across countries, and suggest basic links with non-monetary indicators. The manual establishes a conceptual basis of statistical reporting rules compatible with other economic and social statistics and proposes a newly developed International Classification for Health Accounts (ICHA) which covers three dimensions: health care by functions of care; providers of health care services; and sources of funding. Once this new accounting standard has been implemented in a large number of OECD countries, it will allow for more consistent and reliable comparisons of health care expenditure across countries.
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