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  • 2005-2009  (442)
  • 2006  (272)
  • 2005  (170)
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (442)
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  • 2005-2009  (442)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9264029583 , 9789264029583
    Language: English
    Pages: 186 p. , ill. , 19x27cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Parallel Title: Print version Improving recycling markets
    DDC: 363.72/82
    Keywords: Recycling (Waste, etc.) ; Recycled products ; Electronic books ; OECD ; Recycling
    Abstract: Markets for many classes of potentially recyclable materials are growing. However, market failures and barriers are constraining some markets. Factors such as information failures, technological externalities, and market power can affect the prices, quantity, and quality of materials traded. This report presents the case for the use of industrial policies which address such market failures and barriers and these policies are seen as complements to more traditional environmental policies. Indeed, encouraging ever-higher recycling rates in the absence of such complementary measures may impose very high social welfare costs. This publication covers in particular the markets for waste oils, waste plastics, and used rubber tires.--Publisher's description
    Description / Table of Contents: Binder1.pdf; 001.pdf; 002.pdf; 003_170.pdf; 999.pdf;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264025028
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation and growth in tourism
    DDC: 338.4791
    RVK:
    Keywords: Tourismus ; Innovation ; Tourismuspolitik ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Welt ; Tourism ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Tourismus ; Innovation
    Abstract: How is innovation transforming tourism business models? By tackling the subject of innovation, this report touches upon an important dimension of tourism economics rarely examined at the international level. It provides information about the dynamics and characteristics of innovation in tourism, and gives examples of how business models are evolving as a result. It also aims to provide an important contribution to further research and policy work in this area. The report includes a discussion of the conceptual issues regarding innovation in tourism, it illustrates national and industry practices enhancing innovation in tourism, and provides insights into the potential role of tourism policy in innovation.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789282103784
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La gestion de la vitesse
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gestión de velocidad
    DDC: 363.1257094
    Keywords: Automobiles Speed ; Management ; Motor vehicles Speed ; Management ; Traffic safety ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Transport ; Verkehrssicherheit ; Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung ; Management
    Abstract: Speeding is the number one road safety problem in a large number of OECD/ECMT countries. It is responsible for around one third of the current, unacceptably high levels of road fatalities. Speeding has an impact not only on accidents but also on the environment, energy consumption and quality of life, particularly for residents in urban areas. Reducing average speeds on the roads by only 5% will save around 20% of current fatalities. There is good experience available on how to quickly reduce the extent of speeding and thereby reduce current fatalities and injuries. Reduced speeding will also reduce the adverse environmental and social impacts associated with excessive speed, particularly in urban areas. Comprehensive measures are required which are best developed as part of a coordinated speed management policy package. What contributions can be made by infrastructure improvements, speed limits, signing and education, as well as by enforcement? Which are the most cost-effective elements of a speed management policy? What are the prospects for the use of new technologies which encourage drivers to choose appropriate speeds and assist in achieving greater compliance with speed limits? This Report, prepared by a Working Group of the Joint OECD/ECMT Transport Research Centre, addresses the key issues, highlights the improvements in policy and operations needed to reduce the extent of speeding. It outlines a framework for achieving the best possible safety outcomes while protecting the environment and supporting sustainable mobility. The report is compelling reading for all those interested in addressing the major speed-related problems that are widespread in OECD/ECMT member countries and will become increasingly important in developing countries as levels of motorisation increase.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264064614
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Forum 2006 ; Forum Highlights
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Forum 2006 : Forum Highlights
    Keywords: Economics
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789264061606
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Nuclear Legislation in OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE ; Belgique
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Législations nucléaires des pays de l'OCDE : Belgique
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Belgium
    Abstract: This publication provides comprehensive information on the regulatory and institutional frameworks governing nuclear activities in Belgium. It examines the general regulatory regime, including mining, radioactive substances and equipment, nuclear installations, trade in nuclear materials, radiation protection, radioactive waste management, non-proliferation and physical protection, transport, and nuclear third party liability; and has another section covering the institutional framework including regulatory and supervisory authorities, advisory bodies, and public and semi-public agencies.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264016316
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (18 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 310 ; Biodégradabilité facile - dégagement de CO2 dans des flacons hermétiquement clos (essai de l'espace libre au-dessus du liquide)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 310 : Biodégradabilité facile - dégagement de CO2 dans des flacons hermétiquement clos (essai de l'espace libre au-dessus du liquide)
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline is a screening method for the evaluation of ready biodegradability of chemical. The test substance, normally at 20 mg C/L, as the sole source of carbon and energy, is incubated (during 28 days normally) in sealed bottles with aerobic condition containing a buffer-mineral salts medium, which has been inoculated with a mixed population of micro-organisms. In order to check the test procedure, a reference substance (aniline, sodium benzoate or ethylene glycol and 1-octanol) of known biodegradability should be tested in parallel. It is recommended that triplicate bottles be analysed after a sufficient number of time intervals. Also at least five test bottles (from test vessels, blank controls, and vessels with the reference substance) are analysed at the end of the test, to enable 95% confidence intervals to be calculated for the mean percentage biodegradation value. The CO2 evolution resulting from the ultimate aerobic biodegradation of the test substance is determined by measuring the Inorganic Carbon (IC) produced in the test bottles in excess of that produced in blank vessels containing inoculated medium only. The extent of biodegradation is expressed as a percentage of the theoretical maximum IC production (ThIC), based on the quantity of test substance added initially. Biodegradation 〉60% ThIC within the 10-d window in this test demonstrates that the test substance is readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789264025875
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (258 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cadre d'action pour l'investissement ; Panorama des bonnes pratiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cadre d'action pour l'investissement : Panorama des bonnes pratiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Policy framework for investment
    RVK:
    Keywords: Investitionspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Economic development ; Investments Government policy ; Finance and Investment ; Development ; OECD ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Investitionsförderung ; Transparenz ; Investitionsförderung ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Transparenz
    Abstract: OECD's Policy Framework for Investment is designed to encourage policy makers to ask appropriate questions about their economy, their institutions and their policy settings in order to identify their priorities, to develop an effective set of policies and to evaluate progress. This Review of Good Practices in OECD and non-OECD economies is published as a companion volume to the Framework and provides analytical background material on each of the ten chapters of the Framework.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264022553
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This book provides comments and illustrations to facilitate the common interpretation of the standard in force for grading melons in international trade under the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables set up by the OECD in 1962. It is therefore a valuable tool for both the Inspection Authorities and professional bodies responsible for the application of standards or those interested in international trade of melons.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 10, p. 1-33
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 10, p. 1-33
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper attempts to go to the arguments and the methods for procurement control at the institutional design and legislative levels. It is based on, and uses in part, source material from the organizations referred to in the paper obtained from referenced web sites on the Internet. National procurement systems are cited where they provide concrete examples to address the concepts discussed. Also, papers and discussions from the OECD Global Forum on Governance held 29/30 November 2004 in Paris are also cited in the paper. This Forum brought together participants from OECD and non-member countries to discuss methods, conditions and approaches to preventing, detecting and sanctioning corruption in public procurement.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 5, p. 1-84
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 82 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 5, p. 1-84
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Economics
    Abstract: Governments and/or regulatory authorities are responsible for, among other things, the definition of regulatory controls or conditions, if any, that should be applied to radioactive sources or radiation exposure situations in order to appropriately protect the public, workers and the environment. Countries use different policy and structural approaches to fulfil this responsibility. Generally, the recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) are used as at least part of the basis for protection. Now, with the evolution of recommendations from the ICRP, a single, conceptually simple, and self-coherent approach can be used by governments and regulatory authorities to define appropriate protection under all circumstances. This report describes this process.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 189-221
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 189-221
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In addition to private pension fund and life insurance assets, several countries have accumulated large amounts of pension assets in their national pension reserve funds. Pension reserve fund refers to assets set aside by otherwise pay-as-you-go systems in preparation for the rising fiscal costs resulting from the predicted ageing of the population over the next few decades.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 9, p. 1-137
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 138 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 9, p. 1-137
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Economics
    Abstract: This study resulted from a discussion at the June 2002 meeting of the OECD/NEA Nuclear Science Committee, at which it was first suggested to set up a project to address very high burn-ups (specifically average discharge burn-ups in the range 60-100 GWd/t). The outcome was the setting-up in 2003 of the Expert Group on Very High Burn-ups in LWRs, which was charged with the single task of delivering a state-of-the-art report on high burn-ups in LWRs. It was felt that the report should concentrate on LWRs because that is where the bulk of experience and knowledge resides, but much of the analysis will also be applicable to other reactor types, even if not all the details are transferable.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 89-97
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 19 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 89-97
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Many commentators have postulated a “financing gap” for small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs), meaning that there are significant numbers of SMEs that could use funds productively if they were available, but cannot obtain finance from the formal financial system. This article summarises an OECD report (OECD, 2006) on this topic which seeks to determine how prevalent such a gap may be – both in OECD countries and non-member economies – and recommends measures to foster an improved flow of financing to SMEs.
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 10, p. 1-38
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper seeks to identify the way in which opportunities for corruption arise in the context of procurement. In looking at the government as a buyer, it considers the position of the procurement officer acting as agent on behalf of the elected government. Whilst the paper does not ignore the significant impact of corruption at the political level (either for the personal gain of politicians or for the benefit of political parties, for example), it concentrates on the opportunities this agency relationship offers to the procurement officer to deviate from his duty to act in the public interest. The paper investigates the divergence between the agent’s personal interest and that of the government and of the public and narrows down the opportunity for such deviations to the existence of informational asymmetries.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 63-85
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 63-85
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: Over the past few years China has emerged as a major player in the global economy with a pivotal position in global production, trade and, increasingly, finance. In the context of large imbalances in world growth rates, China has helped sustain world economic expansion, especially in the Asia Pacific region. China is also an important force in global financial flows. The country is one of the world’s largest recipients of FDI inflows. Moreover, China, along with other Asian economies, has been accumulating reserves, thereby supporting the present configuration of exchange rates in major OECD regions. The country is now a major investor in key asset markets, such as the international market in government securities.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 926402896X , 9789264028968
    Language: English
    Pages: 322 p. , ill. , 16x23cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. De l'immigration à l'intégration : Des solutions locales à un défi mondial
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Manpower policy ; Immigrants Cultural assimilation ; Foreign workers Government policy ; OECD countries Emigration and immigration ; Government policy ; Einwanderung ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Integration ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: The integration of immigrants at the local level is a topic of significant interest for OECD countries. The growing importance of the knowledge economy means that the battle for talent is becoming as important as the battle for inward investment, and skilled migrants can offer a significant comparative advantage to local labor markets, as long as their potential is harnessed. Unskilled migrants are also in demand, particularly where rising living costs make lower paid jobs unattractive to the native population, and where demographic change and population movement combine to reduce the self-sufficiency of local labor markets. For the potential advantages of migration to be maximized, however, it is crucial that immigration is accompanied by integration, that is, effective mechanisms for ensuring immigrants are effectively incorporated into local labor markets. Paradoxically, at the same time that migration is increasing in global importance, there is worrying evidence that integration results do not seem to be as favorable in a number of countries as they were in the past.--Publisher summary
    Description / Table of Contents: Integrating immigrants : finding the right policy mix to tackle a governance problem / by Sylvain GiguèreFrom immigration to integration : comparing local practices / by Francesca Froy -- Integrating immigrants in Canada : addressing skills diversity / by Bob Birrell and Elisabeth McIssac -- Innovating in the supply of services to meet the needs of immigrants in Italy / by Jonathan Chaloff -- Routes into employment for refugees : a review of local approaches in London / by Anne E. Green -- Local responses to a new issue : integrating immigrants in Spain / by Mary P. Corcoran -- Focusing on the young : integration in Switzerland / by Steve Fenton.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Title from PDF title page (OECD iLibrary, viewed June 30, 2010)
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264023673
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter; Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le rôle crucial des enseignants ; Attirer, former et retenir des enseignants de qualité
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Política de educación y formación ; Los docentes son importantes ; Atraer, formar y conservar a los docentes eficientes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Hungarian version); Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Japanese version); Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Professores são importantes; Atraindo, desenvolvendo e retendo professores eficazes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter: Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le rôle crucial des enseignants : Attirer, former et retenir des enseignants de qualité
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Política de educación y formación : Los docentes son importantes : Atraer, formar y conservar a los docentes eficientes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Hungarian version): Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Japanese version): Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Professores são importantes: Atraindo, desenvolvendo e retendo professores eficazes
    DDC: 370.711
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Viele OECD-Länder stehen vor großen Schwierigkeiten, wenn es darum geht, die vielen in den nächsten fünf bis zehn Jahren ausscheidenden Lehrerinnen und Lehrer durch die Einstellung einer ausreichenden Zahl qualifizierter Nachwuchskräfte zu ersetzen. Die meisten Länder äußern unabhängig davon, ob bei ihnen Lehrermangel herrscht oder nicht, Besorgnis über die Effektivität der Lehrkräfte. Darüber hinaus ändern sich die Aufgaben der Lehrkräfte, die über neue Kompetenzen verfügen müssen, um den Anforderungen stärker diversifizierter Schülerpopulationen gerechtzu werden und in Schulen und anderen Einrichtungen effizient mit neuen Personalkategorien zusammenzuarbeiten.Im April 2002 startete der OECD-Bildungsausschuss eine internationale Untersuchung der Lehrerpolitik, um zwischen den Ländern den Informationsaustausch über innovative und erfolgreiche Initiativen zu erleichtern und Politikoptionen für die Anwerbung, Förderung und Bindung leistungsfähiger Lehrkräfte zu identifizieren. Die vorliegende Publikation ist das wichtigste Ergebnis dieser Anstrengungen, in deren Rahmen auch 25 Hintergrundberichte von Teilnehmerländern, 10 Berichte externer Prüfteams im Anschluss an Länderbesuche sowie mehrere Auftragsstudien erstellt wurden. Dieses OECD-Projekt dürfte die umfassendste Analyse sein, die je zu Fragen derLehrerpolitik auf internationaler Ebene durchgeführt wurde.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789264028074 , 9264028072
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Nuclear development
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Forty years of uranium resources, production and demand in perspective
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Ressources, production et demande de luranium ; un bilan de quarante ans
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ressources, production et demande de l'uranium : Un bilan de quarante ans : Rétrospective du Livre rouge
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  • 19
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.107
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report examines the statistical relationship between the share of employment potentially affected by ICT-enabled offshoring of services and other economic and structural developments, using some simple descriptive regressions on a panel of OECD economies between 1996 and 2003.
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789264011137
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (229 p.)
    Series Statement: Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies; Kyrgyz Republic 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Fighting Corruption in Transition Economies: Kyrgyz Republic 2005
    Keywords: Governance ; Kyrgyzstan
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 57 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.117
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report analyses development and use of online payment systems, covering credit cards, debit cards, online banking, mediating services, mobile telephone payments and electronic money, and industry characteristics and network effects. It analyses drivers and impediments and policy issues.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 183-212
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 183-212
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: On 28 April 2005, the OECD Council approved the Recommendation on Guidelines for Insurers’ Governance. Guidelines were first endorsed by the OECD Insurance and Private Pensions Committee in collaboration and wide consultation with the 30 member countries’ governmental experts in the insurance sector as well as the insurance and reinsurance industry. These guidelines were also deemed fully compatible and consistent with the OECD Revised Principles on Corporate Governance by its Steering Group in October 2004.
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  • 23
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-32
    Keywords: Economics ; United States
    Abstract: This paper provides a review of the literature relating to empirical studies of the acreage and/or production response to the direct payments made to US farmers of wheat, feed grains, cotton and rice under the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 and related payments made under additional legislation during the period 1999-2002.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 2, p. 1-53
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 53 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 2, p. 1-53
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: This paper provides an assessment of broad trends in progress on assessment and implementation of adaptation to climate change in “developed countries”, defined here as being Member states of the OECD and/or Parties listed under Annex I of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Primary inputs to this analysis are the National Communications (NCs) by these countries to the UNFCCC. NCs follow a standardised reporting format which facilitates cross-national comparison. They also reflect "whole government" perspectives. At the same time, however, the coverage of particular issues within these documents need not be comprehensive, nor might it necessarily reflect policy priorities on the ground. Therefore, this paper also examines other policies and projects which highlight progress on implementing adaptation, but which have not been reflected in the NCs.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 213-230
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 213-230
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In 2002, the OECD launched, through the Working Party on Private Pensions and the Task Force on Pension Statistics,1 the Global Pension Statistics Project,2 which aims to establish a harmonised set of statistics and indicators related to funded pensions. This article3 is an extract from the OECD newsletter “Pension Markets in Focus”, Issue 1.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-49
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-49
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Economics
    Abstract: This paper is a first attempt to estimate some of the risk-related effects ofagricultural policies as classified in the Producer Support Estimates (PSEs). This is a relatively new area of research and, therefore, all the results have to be interpreted with caution. Specific conclusions about specific programmes would require more sophisticated empirical testing. The results in this study are first approximations to the relative magnitude of these risk related effects.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 4, p. 1-79
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 79 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 4, p. 1-79
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: The preparation of the Resource Compendium is considered a first step in OECD’s Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR) release estimation techniques work. The Compendium consists of three separate documents, corresponding to the three main source categories – point sources, diffuse sources and transfers. This document is Part 1 of the Compendium, summarising techniques used for estimating point source releases from Member countries. (Part 2 describes techniques used for diffuse sources and Part 3 summarises techniques used to estimate the concentration of chemicals in transfers.) The principal objective in the development of the Resource Compendium was to collect information from OECD governments and selected industries on the techniques used (or are expected to be used) to estimate releases from point and diffuse sources and for transfers and to provide a summary of this information. Another objective of this project was to provide a listing of reports and other documentation describing the various methods being used in OECD countries to estimate releases to air, water, and land. This document is Part 1 of the Resource Compendium. It describes the types of techniques used to estimate releases from point sources and how they can be applied. To the extent possible, the names and contact information for individuals who can provide reports and documents about specific techniques available in their country were included. Information for this document was obtained through a survey of OECD countries.
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  • 28
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 19 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 2, p. 1-19
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Market Exchange Rates (MER) balance the demand and supply for international currencies, while Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) exchange rates capture the differences between the cost of a given bundle of goods and services in different countries. When undertaking multi-country analysis of environmental issues (such as climate change) that includes different currencies, a decision has to be made as to whether to use PPP or MER in the analytical framework. The distinction between them is particularly germane in inter-temporal studies that postulate future scenarios. PPPs are generally favoured for their closer link to welfare, but MERS are necessarily the basis of international trade, so it is difficult to choose between them. Some authors have noted some empirical regularity between them and have sought to exploit this to avoid choosing between PPP and MER. In this paper, it is shown that such ad hoc adjustments are not necessary when structural changes are accounted for.
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  • 29
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 5, p. 1-43
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 44 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 5, p. 1-43
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Economics
    Abstract: The efficient and safe management of spent fuel produced during the operation of commercial nuclear power plants is an important issue. In this context, partitioning and transmutation (P&T) of minor actinides and long-lived fission products can play an important role, significantly reducing the burden on geological repositories of nuclear waste and allowing their more effective use. Various systems, including existing reactors, fast reactors and advanced systems have been considered to optimise the transmutation scheme. Recently, many countries have shown interest in accelerator-driven systems (ADS) due to their potential for transmutation of minor actinides. Much R&D work is still required in order to demonstrate their desired capability as a whole system, and the current analysis methods and nuclear data for minor actinide burners are not as well established as those for conventionally-fuelled systems...
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  • 30
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 3, p. 1-23
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 3, p. 1-23
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Economics
    Abstract: The purpose of this brochure is to provide an easily accessible synopsis of the report The Regulatory Control of Radioactive Waste Management – Overview of 15 NEA Member Countries in order to provide a quick introduction to regulatory systems and an overview of current systems in NEA member countries. To that effect Chapter 2 identifies the elements generally associated with the process of regulation, Chapter 3 provides a comparative analysis of the regulatory arrangements in radioactive waste management across 15 NEA member countries, and Chapter 4 draws general observations.This brochure covers the management of radioactive waste from all types of nuclear installations, such as power reactors, research reactors, nuclear fuel cycle facilities, etc, as well as from medical, research and industrial sources and from defence-related sources where appropriate. It presents the national situations during the first half of the year 2005 but does not address the regulatory control of radioactive waste from natural sources.
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  • 31
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-33
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-33
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Economics
    Abstract: This paper seeks to provide an empirical measure of the (absolute and relative) size of the relative price effect, the wealth effect and the insurance effect for a specific policy package: the arable crop regime of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union (EU).
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  • 32
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 113-151
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 113-151
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This article follows up on monitoring and analysing developments and structural issues related to risk capital undertaken by the OECD since the mid-1990s. Risk capital, i.e. finance for fast-growth SMEs, should help to foster entrepreneurship and a high rate of company formation which is seen as essential to achieving full employment.
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  • 33
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 10, p. 1-28
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 10, p. 1-28
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: The main purpose of this workshop was to take the first steps in considering whether the general approaches which have been used in the past by the Working Group, primarily to address the safety/ risk assessment of transgenic plants, could be applicable to similar work on the safety/ risk assessment of transgenic fish.The objective of the workshop was to identify and review the kinds of (and availability of) baseline information of (non-transgenic) from traditional fish farming or breeding, and to determine what information might be relevant to risk/ safety assessment; and what information might be needed for the development of a biology document. The overall approach used by the Workshop was similar to that done to first identify and circumscribe the issues about crop species that would inform a risk/safety assessment of the same species after it had been transformed.
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  • 34
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 77 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 7, p. 1-76
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Economics ; France
    Abstract: A review has been conducted of the documentation developed by Andra, collectively known as the Dossier 2005 Argile, by an international review team (IRT) of independent specialists covering all relevant aspects of research, safety assessment, and the geological sciences. As described below, the Dossier represents a key milestone in the programme of work, for which Andra is responsible, to assess the feasibility of the deep geological disposal of high-level and long-lived radioactive waste in France. This report presents the consensus view of the IRT. It is based on the documentation of the Dossier 2005 Argile, but it also draws importantly on information exchanged in writing with Andra in answers to questions raised by the review team, and on direct interactions with staff from Andra during two working seminars in France. Also, in order to fulfil its mandate, the IRT reviewed materials external to the Dossier, namely the document concerning the R&D Programme for a potential new phase of work in the period 2006-2010, in a draft, provisional version.
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  • 35
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 11, p. 1-78
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 78 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 11, p. 1-78
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: Many chemicals are used to produce hundreds of thousands of different goods, from cars and computers to synthetic fabrics, kitchen appliances and paints. Through green procurement (GP) it is possible to reduce risks that arise from the use of chemical products by encouraging the use of chemical products which have low impact on human health and the environment throughout their life cycle, and discouraging the use of chemical products with a high impact. However, given the large number and variety of available chemical products and the differing priorities of product users, it is challenging to compare and select products for green procurement...
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  • 36
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 8, p. 1-157
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 157 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 8, p. 1-157
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: This report explores the costs and benefits of systems for charging householders for waste. The study looks only at charges which vary with the amount and characteristics of the waste collected, referred to in the report as differential and variable rate, or DVR, charging systems. It is not concerned with taxes or charges levied on householders whichdo not vary according to how the waste collection services are used. The study uses a cost-benefit approach to attempt to draw out whether the balance of effects of such systems is positive or negative...
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  • 37
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 8, no. 2, p. 67-175
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 112 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La réforme structurelle dans le secteur ferroviaire
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 8, no. 2, p. 67-175
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: In a competition roundtable focused on separation of rail track ownership from that of train operations, accumulating evidence is examined that suggests the value of structural separation in the railways sector may be less than previously thought. Integration may yield benefits for a number of reasons, including externalities between train operations and rail maintenance, and difficulties in overseeing traffic in an environment with delays and imperfect information for the train dispatcher. The potential value of separation may differ between passenger operations and freight operations. While passenger operations often require subsidies and, in a separated regime, are often provided via competition for the market (concessions), freight operations offer more potential for beneficial vertical separation. For international traffic between moderate-sized countries, the ability to operate across borders may be limited by a number of factors, including language and technical specifications which need to be addressed in order to broaden the potential for international rail-based freight. This Roundtable on Structural Reform in the Rail Industry was held in 2005 in the Working Party on Regulation of the Competition Committee.
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  • 38
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 3, p. 1-120
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 120 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 3, p. 1-120
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Economics
    Abstract: This status report begins by providing a clear definition of partitioning and transmutation (P&T), and then describes the state of the art concerning the challenges facing the implementation of P&T, scenario studies and specific issues related to accelerator-driven system (ADS) dynamics and safety, long-lived fission product transmutation and the impact of nuclear data uncertainty on transmutation system design.
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  • 39
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 67-108
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 47 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 67-108
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: With the economic reform in the late 1970s, it has been an objective of government policy for Chinese banks to move away from their traditional passive role of executing directives adapted to the active role in resource allocation of banks in a market economy. However, owing to unclear ownership structures and a history of support of regional and industrial policy, most Chinese banks have had difficulty making the transition. This is particularly true for the four large state-owned commercial banks (SOCBs). In 1998-99, a significant effort to strengthen SOCB balance sheets was undertaken, but the results were disappointing. In the most recent phase of the reform, which began in 2003, the authorities concluded that 〉further attempts at rehabilitation of the SOCBs had to address the issue of bank governance......
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  • 40
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-29
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-29
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Economics
    Abstract: The conclusions and policy implications presented in this report build on i) the estimates of relative price effects of different kinds of stylised policy measures, first developed using the Policy Evaluation Model PEMl1 (OECD, 2001b), ii) a conceptual framework on decoupling (OECD, 2002a) which drew attention to the potential for risk-related and dynamic effects which theory suggests are likely to occur in addition to the relative price effects, and iii) a series of studies aimed at explaining, analysing and, where possible,quantifying some of the potentially important static, risk and dynamic effects and their implication on the degree of decoupling of different measures. Annexes 1 and 2 give some details of the issues investigated in each of the background studies.
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  • 41
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 6, p. 1-36
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 6, p. 1-36
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: The purpose of this emission scenario document (ESD) is to provide a realistic worst-case emission scenario for chemicals used at non-integrated paper mills. The general information about the processes and chemicals used is derived from literature data and several reports from the European Union and the United States. The emission estimation methods given in this ESD are based on those developed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development with parameter defaults reflecting Canadian operations. This ESD on Non-integrated Paper Mills was developed in 2004 along with two sister documents, an ESD on Kraft Pulp Mills, and an ESD on Recovered Paper Mills. Although they were designed as stand alone documents, by their nature they represent different phases of the life cycle of paper products. The ESD on Kraft Pulp Mills represents the production stage when pulp is first produced. This ESD on Nonintegrated Paper Mills is representative of the industrial phase of the life cycle, when the pulp is converted to paper and/or board products. The ESD on Recovered Paper Mills is illustrative of the recovery stage, when paper products are recovered, reworked and recycled back into the community.
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  • 42
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 237-247
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 19 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 237-247
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In the late 1980's the OECD began co-operation (i.e. policy dialogue with nonmember economies) with the Asian Newly Industrialising Economies, and when the Berlin wall fell in 1989 it launched a programme with the Central and East European countries in transition.
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  • 43
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 9, p. 1-34
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 9, p. 1-34
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Economics
    Abstract: This document serves as a summary of the work of Subgroup 20 (SG20) on covariance matrix evaluation and processing in the resolved/unresolved resonance regions, organised under the auspices of the Nuclear Energy Agency’s Nuclear Science Committee Working Party on International Evaluation Co-operation (WPEC). The work described in this report focuses on:- summarising the issues related to covariance evaluation in the resonance region;- discussing the retroactive method used in the SAMMY code [1];- describing the compact format for storing huge covariance matrices in ENDF-6 files;- recent developments and upgrades of processing codes to generate a multi-group covariance matrix from resonance parameter covariance data.
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  • 44
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 55 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-55
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Economics ; Canada
    Abstract: Earlier studies in the OECD project on decoupling estimated static models of crop production incorporating risk aversion, following the analytical framework in OECD (2001). In contrast, this paper studies primarily dynamic models of crop investment. The province of Manitoba is selected as an example of Canadian prairie crop production, and investment is defined as current expenditure on machinery and equipment for Manitoba crop production (the data are not crop specific). This is the first econometric study of dynamic crop investment decisions for Canada, and as far as can be ascertained this is the first econometric study for any country of dynamic crop investment under risk aversion. Econometric results are used to simulate impacts of agricultural programmes on crop investment.
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  • 45
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 153-179
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 153-179
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In the past few years, there has been a trend towards the harmonisation of pension policies for private and public sector workers, with the introduction of occupational complementary pension funds for civil servants. In many OECD countries these funds are among the largest in terms of assets and number of participants and constitute an important share of financial assets. Nonetheless, civil servants’ pension funds are exposed to particular risks related to the multiple roles played by the state which is, at same time, sponsor, regulator, supervisor, service provider, fiduciary agent and recipient of pension fund investments. Specific government-related agency problems can arise with respect to these funds which differ from those frequently analysed in the private sector. This paper analyses these risks in light of the experiences of Australia, Canada, Japan, the Netherlands and the United States and identifies good practices on how to avoid or mitigate them.
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  • 46
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-33
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-33
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Economics ; Spain
    Abstract: This study aims to establish whether farmers respond to insurance subsidies by either augmenting yields (changing non-land inputs use) or by changing crop patterns, or both. It also aims to provide an evaluation of farmers’ relative risk aversion coefficients.
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  • 47
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 13 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-13
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Economics
    Abstract: All types of agricultural support measures are likely to have an impact on investment. This is particularly the case of the most coupled forms of support such as market price support. However, the dimension of the investment impacts may differ significantly across policy measures since they have different impacts on the farmer’s decision environment. For instance, they have different impact on effective incentive prices and different income transfer efficiency. Under these circumstances the investment effects can be very different, requiring a specific empirical analysis.
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  • 48
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 9-61
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 61 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 9-61
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: After some significant corrections in the second half of May and in early June, major equity markets have resumed their growth, in some cases regaining levels reached before the May-June contraction. Against a backdrop of healthy corporate balance sheets, robust earnings growth and low default rates, investor sentiment has remained positive, as reflected in these equity market developments and compressed credit spreads. However, there are signs of increasing nevousness, which include the May/June market turbulence and somewhat increased levels of historical and implied volatility. The increased nervousness may reflect in part downward revisions to economic forecasts.
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  • 49
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 6, p. 1-37
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 37 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 6, p. 1-37
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: The purpose of this emission scenario document (ESD) is to provide a realistic worst-case emission scenario for chemicals used at recovered paper mills. The general information about the processes and chemicals used is derived from literature data and several reports from the European Union and the United States. The emission estimation methods given in this ESD are based on those developed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development with parameter defaults reflecting Canadian operations. This ESD on Recovered Paper Mills was developed in 2004 along with two sister documents, an ESD on Kraft Pulp Mills, and an ESD on Non-integrated Paper Mills. Although they were designed as stand alone documents, by their nature they represent different phases of the life cycle of paper products. The ESD on Kraft Pulp Mills represents the production stage when pulp is first produced. The ESD on Non-integrated Paper Mills is representative of the industrial phase of the life cycle, when the pulp is converted to paper and/or board products. This ESD on Recovered Paper Mills is illustrative of the recovery stage, when paper products are recovered, reworked and recycled back into the community.
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  • 50
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 171-187
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 27 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 171-187
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The OECD Guidelines on Pension Fund Asset Management set out a basic framework for the regulation of pension fund investment. The Guidelines start with the basic premise that the regulatory framework should take into account the retirement income objective of a pension fund. Two other essential aspects of the regulatory framework are the prudent person standard and the statement of investment policy. Regulations may also include quantitative limits, but only as long as they are consistent with and promote the prudential principles of security, profitability and liquidity pursuant to which assets should be invested. These Guidelines were developed by the Working Party on Private Pensions and the Insurance and Private Pensions Committee and were adopted by the OECD Council on 26 January 2006. They complement the "Recommendation of the Council on Core Principles of Occupational Pension Regulation", adopted by the OECD Council in July 2004.
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  • 51
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 15 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 1-15
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The 2001 DAC Recommendation on Untying Official Development Assistance to the Least Developed Countries entered into force on 1 January 2002. Earlier HLM progress reports concluded that implementation was proceeding well, although some areas were identified that required additional efforts or work to be completed...
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  • 52
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 8, no. 2, p. 7-65
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 62 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Rapport sur la séparation structurelle
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 8, no. 2, p. 7-65
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: The Structural Separation Report was prepared by the OECD Competition Committee to review the implementation of the 2001 OECD Council Recommendation concerning structural separation in regulated industries. The report shows that many countries have implemented legislation that seeks to promote non-discriminatory access to noncompetitive infrastructure. In a number of jurisdictions, there is dissatisfaction with the access provided by integrated companies to their non competitive infrastructure, leading a number of jurisdictions to strengthen the barriers that separate noncompetitive and competitive parts of a company. One new approach seeks to create managerial incentives that are equivalent to those that would be faced by managers in fully structurally separated companies while maintaining unified ownership of noncompetitive and competitive lines of business. This approach can be termed functional separation and has recently been pursued in the telecommunications sector in at least two jurisdictions. The results of implementing functional separation will be of considerable importance for future policy decisions related to structural separation. The OECD Council endorsed the report’s conclusion relating to maintaining the Recommendation in its current form and invited the Competition Committee to report back in three years’ time on the implementation of the Recommendation.
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  • 53
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 1-23
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 1-23
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Humanitarian aid is a significant and growing dimension of Official Development Assistance (ODA). Meeting humanitarian needs caused by natural disasters or armed conflicts poses serious challenges for donors financing humanitarian action. Reforms to improve effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian action are underway. The Principles and Good Practice of Humanitarian Donorship (GHD), endorsed in 2003 by 16 DAC governments and the European Commission, provides an opportunity for harmonising donor practice in this field. The DAC has agreed to take an active role in promoting GHD and since 2004, a GHD assessment framework has been applied in six Peer Reviews (Australia, Belgium, Germany, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland). This document summarises the findings and experience with the aim of assessing the usefulness of this approach.
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  • 54
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    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 1-37
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 37 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 1-37
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Capacity development is a major challenge. Technical Cooperation and various forms of capacity building have absorbed substantial funds over many decades. While a few countries have done well, donor efforts in many countries have produced little to show in terms of sustainable country capacity. This contrast between the importance of the challenge and the difficulty of meeting it is what stimulated the preparation of this paper. The paper draws on a large volume of documented experience provided by bilateral and multilateral donors and academic specialists. It is mainly concerned with capacity and performance in the public sector, but private sector experience is drawn on where relevant.
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  • 55
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 4, p. 1-35
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: This document provides an overview of example transfers that contain chemicals of concern, the sources of those transfers, the chemicals included and management methods for these transfers. In particular, Chapter 5 describes release estimation techniques (RETs) that can be applied to estimate quantities of chemicals in transfers. A case study on oil refining is provided following the general description, including detailed descriptions of unit operations, identification of chemicals in waste/wastewater generated by industries, and calculations for determining the quantities of chemicals transferred off site.
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  • 56
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    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 61-109
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 89 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 61-109
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This article discusses different aspects of the formulation of financial policy against the backdrop of a changing financial services landscape. Recent trends and developments in the financial services industry, and some longer dated issues as well, present a number of challenges for regulators and supervisors.
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  • 57
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    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-42
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 42 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-42
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Economics
    Abstract: This paper is intended to clarify and facilitate discussion on areas that are an important part of the decoupling debate. This has been done using standard economic techniques and some illustrative examples.
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  • 58
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    In:  OECD journal: competition law and policy Vol. 7, no. 1, p. 83-169
    ISSN: 1609-7521
    Language: English
    Pages: 88 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Obligations de services non commerciaux et leur libéralisation
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: competition law and policy
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD Publ., 1999
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 7, no. 1, p. 83-169
    Keywords: Governance ; France
    Abstract: Universal service obligations are common in many of the infrastructure sectors. The obligations are often cited as a justification for limiting entry of new providers because the new providers would cherry-pick the highprofit customers who provide the basis for subsidization of another group of customers. When obligations are beneficial, there are a number of policy traps that can be encountered: Obligations are often poorly defined and not well-focused on the customers who are meant to receive help; Obligations are frequently defined narrowly in ways that disfavour new technologies and cause extensive waste; and financing for the noncommercial obligations can often be raised in more efficient ways than through cross-subsidies and can often be spent on multiple service providers rather than one preferred provider. Falling into these traps can create incentives for over-investment in certain infrastructure technology and under-investment in other technology. This paper provides guidance on the competition problems that can arise from universal service obligations and on some ways to limit these problems. This OECD Competition Committee roundtable was held in October 2003.
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  • 59
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    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 59-123
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 70 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 59-123
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This chapter compares the extent to which law is used to specify budget players and processes, with a particular focus on 13 OECD countries. Although budget system laws serve differing purposes, new budget-related laws are often adopted to introduce budget reforms. Differences in the laws underpinning the main budget players – especially legislatures, the political and non-political executive, and external audit offices – are found to be wide. Important differences are observed in the extent to which law is used for specifying each stage of the budget processes: preparation, presentation, adoption (by the legislature), execution, government accounting and fiscal reporting arrangements. Comparative “models” or tables are provided for various budget-related issues and processes, including: budget timetables (legal requirements); fiscal rules; medium-term budget frameworks; the nature, structure and duration of appropriations; annual and in-year accounts, as well as for specific budget players such as parliamentary budget committees or external audit offices.
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  • 60
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 146 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 12, p. 1-146
    Keywords: Economics ; Kyrgyzstan ; Ukraine
    Abstract: The document reports on the activities and outcomes of the project for strengthening the existing environmental expenditure information systems in the Kyrgyz Republic and Ukraine. This work was conducted within the framework of the EAP Task Force and implemented by the Task Force secretariat at OECD. These activities have involved an analysis of the current system of environmental expenditure reporting and its compatibility with OECD/Eurostat definitions and classifications, the development of draft reporting forms, instructions and procedures, and a first data collection survey based on OECD/Eurostat methodological standards. Project tasks have been undertaken by a team of international and national consultants in close cooperation with Ministries of Environment and National Statistics Committees in the respective countries, and OECD EAP Task Force.Part One of the report provides an extended summary of the activities and outcomes of the project. Part Two presents the full Country Reports. Part Three presents a synthesis of the workshop held in Kiev on 12 October 2005 to disseminate project findings to EAP Task Force members from EECCA countries.
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  • 61
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    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 155-479
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 329 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 155-479
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Canada has a Westminster model of government and therefore does not highlight the legal basis for annual budget processes. A combination of laws, regulations and conventions govern budget preparation, adoption and budget reporting to Parliament. Although the principle of the supremacy of Parliament is enshrined in the Constitution, in practice, the executive – in particular the Cabinet of Ministers – has strong powers regarding the policies and amounts provided in annual budgets. The government has exclusive power to introduce the budget, and the legislature’s power to amend the budget proposed by the executive is extremely limited. Legislation does not provide a deadline for the executive to submit the budget to Parliament. In practice the budget is submitted to Parliament about one month before the fiscal year and adopted about three months after the fiscal year begins. The Constitution Act 1867, the Financial Administration Act 1985 (FAA) and the Auditor General Act 1977 (AGA) are the fundamental statutes governing budgetary processes (Box 1).1 The FAA has played a particularly important role in establishing the budget and financial management system. The Parliament of Canada Act 1875 does not contain any provisions on the parliamentary budget review process.
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  • 62
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    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-31
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-31
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Economics
    Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explore the notion of decoupling with a view to improving understanding among economists, policy makers and agricultural trade negotiators, all of whom use the term in their deliberations but often with quite different meanings. The approach taken is conceptual or theoretical - designed to improve understanding of the different ways in which agricultural policies affect production and trade.
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  • 63
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    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 6, p. 1-91
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 92 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 6, p. 1-91
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: This Emission Scenario Document (ESD) addresses active substances for insecticides, acaricides and products to control other arthropods (in the EU, “product type 18”), used in animal housing and manure storage systems. Biocidal products marketed as insecticides are used in many different applications. They may be used in buildings, outdoors, in sewer systems and for veterinary purposes in animal housings Van Dokkum et al., 1998). The emission scenarios of insecticides for manure storage systems and for stables are connected closely to those of veterinary hygiene biocidal products (the EU “product type 3”). For this product type and for veterinary medicinal products, several reports have been published already (Montfoort et al., 1996; Montforts, 1999; Van der Linden, 2000). In specific cases, there may be borderline cases with food and feeding area disinfectants (the EU “product type 4”), veterinary medicinal products (the EU “product type 3”) or wood preservatives (the EU “product type 8”). This can occur if a biocide is used for more than one purpose. This is, for example, the case when a biocide is often used as an insecticide in animal housings, as a preservative in feed (disinfectant) and as a medicinal product against external parasites for chickens.
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  • 64
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    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 2, p. 1-93
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 93 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 2, p. 1-93
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Trade facilitation reforms in developing countries can have an important impact on development and poverty reduction. Reduced costs due to shortened border delays, streamlined food supply chains, longer agricultural supply seasons, enhanced government revenue, improved governance and increased foreign direct investment have all been shown to accompany trade facilitation reforms in developing countries. This Review of Technical Assistance and Capacity Building Initiatives for Trade Facilitation (“Review”) aims to strengthen the design, delivery and evaluation of development assistance programmes undertaken by donors in this important area of development cooperation. It provides an overview of past technical assistance and capacity building for trade facilitation and highlights key lessons learned.
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  • 65
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    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 127-149
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 127-149
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Ageing will translate into long run trends in supply as well as demand of capital in the next decades. This paper provides some quantitative assessments of the effects on financial markets of ageing in four large OECD countries (United States, Japan, Germany, and France). Using a simplified general equilibrium model with overlapping generations, it suggests that ageing could bolster capital-labour ratios and lower interest rates in the future (by 25 bp to 100 bp in the long run, depending on the characteristics of pension systems reforms). In this context, the fear for a future “asset meltdown” due to ageing is probably overstated. The model also suggests that the individual accumulation of capital is likely to increase in the future and require structural changes in financial markets. Households will increasingly need to insure against the uncertainty related to future asset prices, rates of return on capital or individual longevity....
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  • 66
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    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 10, p. 1-45
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 10, p. 1-45
    Keywords: Economics ; Italy
    Abstract: In this report, the Italian e-procurement system is examined in order to assess whether itprovides a transparent, accountable, reliable, feasible, and affordable technological solution to reduce corruption and increase transparency and accountability in the purchasing process of the public sector.
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  • 67
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 90 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 12, p. 1-90
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The notion of mutual accountability among development partners for their respective commitments, responsibilities, and performance in pursuit of shared goals was first recognised in the Monterrey Consensus. The Mutual Review of Development Effectiveness gives concrete expression to this notion. It was initiated by the NEPAD Heads of State and Government Implementation Committee (HSGIC) and developed by the ECA and OECD jointly over the period 2002-2004.
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  • 68
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    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 155-201
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 58 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 155-201
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: The article describes the results of a modeling exercise to gauge the size of potential pension fund demand for bonds under some simplifying assumptions, so as to illustrate the potential role of this specific group of investors. It provides a measure of the potential excess demand for high-quality fixed-income instruments from pension funds, using the admittedly restrictive assumptions that pension funds invest only in high-quality bonds in an attempt to achieve cash-flow matching of their liabilities.
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  • 69
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    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 2, p. 1-23
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 23 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 2, p. 1-23
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This booklet is a practical guide for managers of joint evaluations of development assistance programmes. It is a revision and update, in view of new experiences, of the DAC publication Effective Practices in Conducting a Joint Multi-Donor Evaluation (2000). The omission of the words "Multi-Donor" from the new title reflects the momentum in development cooperation towards broader partnerships and, specifically, joint evaluations undertaken with the participation of non-donor agencies. The update is based on the findings and recommendations in a DAC Evaluation Network Working Paper prepared by consultant Horst Breier in 2005.2 It also draws on the outcomes of a workshop: "Joint Evaluations: Challenging the Conventional Wisdom - the View from Developing Country Partners" (Nairobi, 2005) and on inputs and feedback from members and partners of the Evaluation Network.
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  • 70
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    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-38
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-38
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Reflecting several recent policy developments that have brought risk management to the forefront of policy discussions, this paper looks at government intervention to reduce price and yield risk from farming and how it interacts with market instruments. The starting point is to compare existing policy measures from the point of view of their impact on production and their ability to reduce risk. In the context of “decoupling”, two related questions are posed: What is the production response to each policy? What is the relative effectiveness of different policies in reducing farming risk? When dealing with the objective of farm risk reduction, both questions are inter-related because risk reduction induces production responses from risk adverse farmers.
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  • 71
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 35 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-35
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Economics
    Abstract: This paper is part of the OECD project on decoupling and follows the analytical framework defined in OECD (2001). The main objective is to estimate the importance of the dynamic investment effects of area payments using farm level data from the Italian FADN survey. It investigates the investment response by crop producers under the assumption that they are risk averse, and there is uncertainty concerning prices. A dynamic econometric model is estimated. Investment is defined as current expenditure on machinery and buildings for crop production. This paper uses the same data as OECD (2002) and makes estimations and simulations in a way that can be compared with the results obtained in that paper.
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  • 72
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    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 9-58
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 57 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 9-58
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Financial markets in major economies have been broadly strong after some weakening in the first part of the fourth quarter of 2005. Equity markets in the euro area have been buoyant over the past few months, and the strong upswing of Japanese markets in the fourth quarter was perhaps driven by prospects of the end of deflation.
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  • 73
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-4
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Economics
    Abstract: The aim of the study is to measure the impact of the 1992 reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) on arable crop yields in the European Union (EU), and more specifically to quantify the impact that the introduction of compensatory area payments had on yields. The CAP reform in May 1992 consisted largely in reducing support prices and offsetting the ensuing loss of income with direct payments based on factors of production, i.e. acreage in the case of COP (cereal, oilseed and protein) crops.
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  • 74
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    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 5, p. 1-85
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 88 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 5, p. 1-85
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This report is a tribute to the people living in areas that, 20 years after still live with the effects of the Chernobyl disaster. It shares the experiences of radiation protection professionals who reached out to some of those impacted by the Chernobyl accident, engaging to assist them to become knowledgeable and active managers of their own radiation exposure while living in a radioactively contaminated environment. Active stakeholder involvement gave these residents the capability to participate in the decision-framing process to address their issues regarding the rehabilitation of their living conditions in the contaminated territories. This more inclusive approach to decision-framing and issue resolution allowed the affected residents to gain greater control over their future. The report also describes stakeholder involvement initiatives from Norway and the United Kingdom, as examples from countries further afield. In the conduct of ongoing reviews of existing nuclear and radiological emergency protocols and preparing for emerging threats it is important to consider and implement as appropriate the many lessons learnt from the Chernobyl accident...
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  • 75
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    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 6, p. 1-38
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 6, p. 1-38
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The purpose of this emission scenario document (ESD) is to provide a realistic worst-case emission scenario for chemicals used at kraft pulp mills. The general information about the processes and chemicals used is derived from literature data and several reports from the European Union and the United States. The emission estimation methods given in this ESD are based on those developed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development with parameter defaults reflecting Canadian operations. This ESD for Kraft Pulp Mills was developed in 2004 along with two sister documents, an ESD on Non-integrated Paper Mills, and an ESD on Recovered Paper Mills. Although they were designed as stand alone documents, by their nature they represent different phases of the life cycle of paper products.
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  • 76
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 87 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 7, p. 1-87
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Economics
    Abstract: A review has been conducted, at the request of the French Authorities ministère de l’Industrie and ministère de la Recherche, of the first part of the CEA Report 2005 Les déchets radioactifs à haute activité et à vie longue – Recherches et résultats, that is Axe 1 – Séparation et transmutation des radionucléides à vie longue (CEA/DEN/DDIN/2004-642). This review has been organised by the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) and carried out by an international review team (IRT) of independent specialists representing all the relevant aspects of chemical partitioning, transmutation and nuclear materials technology. The CEA Report 2005 (the Report) represents a key milestone in the programme of work for which the CEA is responsible under Area 1 of the Law of 30 December 1991 that is “research into solutions enabling long-lived radioactive elements present in waste to be partitioned and transmuted”...
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  • 77
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    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 11, p. 1-194
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 194 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 11, p. 1-194
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: The OECD conducted a survey in 2004 on Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS),Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonate (PFAS), Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA), related substances and products/mixtures containing these substances within OECD and non-OECD member countries. The information sought were quantities manufactured or imported, concentration of the chemicals in the products or mixtures, uses, use in consumer products, availability of alternatives or substitutes and essential uses for which no substitutes are available. The 37th Joint Meeting decided that lists of these groups of chemicals with CAS numbers would be useful prior to the next OECD survey. The aim of the annexes is to provide OECD member countries and other organisations with a consolidated and updated set of lists of PFOS, PFAS, PFOA and related chemical substances that will assist in providing responses to the next OECD survey of these substances, to be carried out in 2006. The annexed lists will be updated, as appropriate, following the 2006 survey.
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  • 78
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    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 4, p. 1-107
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 107 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 4, p. 1-107
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: This is Part 2 of the Resource Compendium of Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers (PRTR) Release Estimation Techniques. It defines diffuse sources and discusses how diffuse source data are collected, describes the different types of techniques available for various diffuse sources and discusses how to identify or calculate the input data for the techniques. One final point raised in this document is that there are release data available in various emission inventories. However, most PRTR programmes have yet to integrate such data. (While a PRTR is not an emission inventory per se, these inventories provide examples on how releases from diffuse sources are included and calculated). In the future, countries may wish to look at the data sources available to determine whether such data can be integrated into annual PRTR reports.Part 2 of the Resource Compendium specifically addresses estimation techniques for releases from diffuse sources, provides guidance and information on what techniques are available and notes the locations of where this information might be found. While this document is not a comprehensive guide of all techniques available and all source categories, it does provide a wide range of information about techniques currently used in a large number of OECD countries.
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  • 79
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 79 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 11, p. 1-79
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: This case studies report is part of the OECD effort to develop guidance for regulatory applications of (Quantitative) Structure-Activity Relationship [(Q)SAR] models, and emphasizes the use of programme-specific case studies to highlight the importance of legal and practical constraints and information requirements of individual regulatory programmes within OECD member countries in applying (Q)SAR approaches. This report provides a snapshot of the experiences of OECD member countries with respect to the use of (Q)SAR models in chemical assessment. The document provides both current regulatory uses in OECD member countries as well as prospective regulatory applications -- especially those within the European Union (EU) member states as a result of proposed legislation on chemicals (i.e., Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)). As such, the case studies report should be regarded as a living document which will be updated periodically as requested by member countries to describe the expanding role of (Q)SAR in regulatory settings...
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  • 80
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    In:  OECD papers Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-41
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 5, no. 11, p. 1-41
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Economics
    Abstract: This report is divided into four parts. The first gives a brief description of base area and set-aside provisions in the EU’s direct area payments scheme, and examines the extent to which they are binding. The second part analyses the degree of effective decoupling of the scheme. Particular attention is paid to the impact of base area and set-aside constraints on the degree of decoupling. In the context of total decoupling, the third part looks at the impact of the EU system of direct area payments, in particular base area and set-aside provisions, on the variability of world prices. The final part sets out the conclusions. It endeavours, on the basis of the specific findings reported here, to gain broader insight into the impact of quantitative constraints on the degree of decoupling of support measures to agricultural producers.
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  • 81
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    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 7-63
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 61 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 7-63
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Over the past few months, prices in major financial markets have remained strong despite further oil price increases. After major equity markets had shown a soft spot around March and April, they regained their upward trend in the second quarter. Terrorist attacks in London in July and the hurricane Katrina in the United States which hit the New Orleans region at the end of August did not disrupt markets, despite the large size of human, economic and insured losses associated with the latter event.
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  • 82
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 87 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 10, p. 1-87
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: This report presents numerous examples of the variety of tools for presenting and illustrating PRTR data and the types of uses of PRTR data in OECD member countries. It presents examples of uses for the purposes of the public, community groups, industry, the government, and academic and independent research institutions. The intent of this report is not to describe all of the many programmes, activities, and tools that use PRTR data, but to present examples in each category to illustrate the wide variety of current and evolving uses of such data.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 23-57
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 40 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 23-57
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This part aims to identify reasons for the wide differences in budget system laws in advanced countries. Comparative research on budget system laws is virtually non-existent. The economics and public finance literature provides little explanation as to why budget system laws differ so widely across countries. Comparative law studies are more promising, particularly those relating to the hierarchy of law. The differences in the relative importance of the constitution, statutes and regulations provide some explanation as to why countries’ budget-related laws are so different. However, there is no theory to explain why the relative weight of each of these sources of law differs across countries. Political variables are also important, particularly the past and present forms of government. The degree of separation of powers between the executive and the legislature partly explains the extent to which law is used for specifying budget processes and actors.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 111-123
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 19 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2005, no. 2, p. 111-123
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: In 2003, the OECD established the Financial Education Project in response to the increasing interest of its member countries in improving the financial literacy of their consumers. Phase one of this project has culminated in the publication of the first major study of financial education at the international level. This book, Improving Financial Literacy: Analysis of Issues and Policies (OECD, 2005, forthcoming), contributes to the development of consumer financial literacy by providing information to policymakers on effective financial education programmes and by facilitating the sharing of experience in the field of financial education and awareness.
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  • 85
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 59 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 8, p. 1-57
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is an environmental policy approach under which the responsibility of producers for their products is extended to include the social costs of waste management, including the environmental impact of waste disposal. This paper sets out a framework for assessing the costs and benefits of EPR. As comparedwith “conventional” waste management EPR involves the collection of particular end-of-life products, product categories or waste streams. In some cases these wastes would traditionally be handled appropriately through municipal waste management programs. Packaging would be one example. In other cases they might be handled, or might need to be handled, as special wastes which would be inappropriate for a municipal waste management programme. Solvents, scrap tires, used crankcase oil, lead acid batteries and electronics fit into this category. To evaluate the costs and benefit ratio for EPR programmes, the costs of these features need to be weighed against the benefits in terms of the reduced social costs of waste management, including the various externalities associated with landfilling or incineration and the environmental risks associated with “doing nothing” by maintaining existing practices.As compared with alternative policy instruments, an attraction of EPR is the incentive it creates for producers to consider post-consumer waste-management costs when making decisions about product design and marketing. Such “Design-for-Environment” incentives are an important part of the overall assessment of EPR, but their practicalevaluation could be difficult.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 1-20
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 20 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 1-20
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This report provides guidance to members of the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) on using ODA more effectively to mobilise private investment for development (investment-enhancing ODA). It focuses on how development agencies can help influence the conditions that lead to increased levels of private investment and on how investment can better contribute to the achievement of broader societal goals, including poverty reduction. A fundamental objective is to help staff in development agencies, both in headquarters and the field, to pursue a more strategic and co-ordinated approach when they design and deliver investment-enhancing ODA.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 10, p. 1-38
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 38 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 10, p. 1-38
    Keywords: Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: The environmental safety/risks of transgenic organisms are normally based on the information on the characteristics of the host organism, the introduced traits, the environment into which the organism is introduced, the interaction between these, and the intended application. The OECD?s Working Group on Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology decided at its first session, in June 1995, to focus its work on identifying parts of this information, which could be commonly used in countries for environmental safety/risk assessment to encourage information sharing and prevent duplication of effort among countries. Biosafety Consensus Documents are one of the major outputs of its work. Biosafety Consensus Documents are intended to be a ?snapshot? of current information on a specific host organism or trait, for use during regulatory assessments. They are not intended to be a comprehensive source of information on everything that is known about a specific host or trait; but they do address the key or core set of issues that member countries believe are relevant to risk/safety assessment. This information is said to be mutually acceptable among member countries. To date, 24 Biosafety Consensus Documents have been published. They include documents which address the biology of crops, trees and microorganisms as well as those which address specific traits which are used in transgenic crops.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 205-235
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 1, p. 205-235
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: A useful proxy for the total assets accumulated in long-term savings and retirement systems is the sum of investments of pension funds and life insurance companies. This proxy covers the vast majority of occupational and personal pension arrangements for both the public and private sectors that rely on funding. In 2004, the total assets held by pension funds and life insurance companies grew by over USD 3.3 trillion or 1.5 percentage points of total GDP in OECD countries.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD papers Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 1-57
    ISSN: 1681-2328
    Language: English
    Pages: 57 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD papers
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 6, no. 1, p. 1-57
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Economics
    Abstract: The principal objective of the present study is to look at the economics of biofuel production and the likely impacts of an expected growth in biofuel-related demand for agricultural products on commodity markets. It describes the economics and policies in biofuel markets by bringing together available information on production technologies, costs and policy measures in major biofuel producing countries. Additionally based on assumptions where data are missing, production costs are calculated for the year 2004 (the base year for the impact analysis below) and compared across countries and production processes as well as with oil-based fuel prices to show the relative competitiveness of biofuel production. Impacts on agricultural markets are analysed using the OECD partial equilibrium model for temperate zone agricultural commodities, Aglink, in connection with the FAO-counterpart, Cosimo, and the OECD World Sugar Model. A number of modifications are made to the models to allow for this type of analysis, as well as to model the impact of changes in crude oil prices on agricultural production costs. Model results of a set of scenarios are compared in order to identify the specific impacts of expected growth in biofuels production as well as those of changes in world crude oil prices.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal on budgeting Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 125-154
    ISSN: 1681-2336
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal on budgeting
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2001
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 4, no. 3, p. 125-154
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Public finance specialists and constitutional theorists are very reluctant to establish legal norms for budget systems. International organisations have published guidelines for desirable features of budgetary transparency. Except for external audit standards, international bodies have not specified which features should be incorporated in domestic law. As a result, there are no international standards that specify legal requirements for desirable features of national budgeting systems. Classical and new budget principles, as well as the distinct functional responsibilities of the legislature and the executive in budgetary processes, should guide policy makers who wish to establish a “good” law for their national budget system. For budget preparation, adoption, execution, reporting and auditing, this section identifies desirable features that should be included in the law. Suggestions are also made as to which budget principles should be included in constitutions, primary law and secondary law.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: financial market trends Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 145-167
    ISSN: 1995-2872
    Language: English
    Pages: 33 p
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: financial market trends
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OECD, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2006, no. 2, p. 145-167
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This paper empirically explores the impact of pension funds on market volatility, equity prices, government and corporate bond yields for a panel of 24 countries. The results show a positive and statistically significant relationship between market volatility and pension assets. It complements micro evidence (Dennis and Strickland, 2002) as well as macro findings (Davis, 2004). In addition, equity prices are found to be positively correlated with pension funds, a finding observable for both OECD countries and emerging market economies (EMEs) and present in both the short and long terms. Furthermore, there is evidence indicating a negative link between pension fund assets and both corporate and government bond yields. This might be due to the sizeable buying effects of pension funds, particularly when governments have the tendency to use pension funds to finance implicit pension debts when the traditional pay-as-you-go systems shift to funded systems.
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789264024045
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE ; Corée 2006
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE : Corée 2006
    Keywords: Environment ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: This comprehensive review of Korea's environmental policies and programmes brings the reader information on the extent to which Korea is meeting its domestic environmental objectives and international commitments. It reviews progress in pollution abatement and nature and biodiversity management, as well as progress in integrating environmental concerns in agricultural, energy, fiscal, and transport policy. It also examines the environmental-social interface and international commitments. The report includes a series of recommendations and selected statistical data.
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789264013537
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys; Mexico 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE ; Mexique 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Economic Surveys: Mexico 2005
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE : Mexique 2005
    Keywords: Economics ; Mexico
    Abstract: Las perspectivas apuntan hacia la continuidad de la expansión económica, pero persisten retos importantes. Luego de una sólida recuperación en 2004, se espera que el crecimiento de la producción promedie poco más de 4 por ciento durante los próximos dos años. México ha buscado aplicar políticas macroeconómicas firmes y ha logrado algunos progresos en su reforma estructural para abrir la economía, mejorar el funcionamiento de los mercados de productos y fortalecer el sector financiero. Los temas erlevantes abordan: 1. Desempeño económico y desafíos clave 2. La prestación eficiente y equitativa de servicios educativos 3. Mejorar de las condiciones para los negocios y la inversión 4. El fortalecimiento de las finanzas públicas 5. Aprovechar al máximo la descentralización del sector público
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9789264030305
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (261 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Modernising Government; The Way Forward
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Moderniser l'État ; La route à suivre
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Modernising Government; The Way Forward (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Modernising Government; The Way Forward (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Modernising Government: The Way Forward
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Moderniser l'État : La route à suivre
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Modernising Government: The Way Forward (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Modernising Government: The Way Forward (Korean version)
    Keywords: Governance
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [s.l.] : Ministry of Economy and Finances of Spain
    ISBN: 9788485482726
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (67 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Principes de gouvernement d'entreprise de l'OCDE 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Arabic version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD-Grundsätze der Corporate Governance 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 Edition (Japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Os Princípios da OCDE sobre o Governo das Sociedades 2004
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Slovenian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Serbian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Principles of Corporate Governance 2004 (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Los Principios de Gobierno Corporativo de la OCDE fueron emitidos en 1999, desde entonces, han ganado reconocimiento mundial como un estándar de comparación internacional para el buen gobierno corporativo. Son usados activamente por los gobiernos, los reguladores, los inversores, empresas y otros interesados tanto en países miembros de la OCDE como en otros no-miembros, y han sido adoptados por el Foro sobre Estabilidad Financiera como una de las Doce Normas Fundamentales para garantizar sistemas financieros sanos. La finalidad de los Principios es la de ayudar en la tarea de evaluar y perfeccionar los marcos legal, institucional y reglamentario aplicables al gobierno corporativo. También ofrecen orientación y sugerencias a las Bolsas de valores, los inversores, las empresas, y demás partes que intervienen en el proceso de desarrollo de un buen gobierno corporativo.Los Principios deben ser vistos como un instrumento vivo. La versión revisada toma en cuenta los desarrollos desde 1999 e incorpora varias modificaciones importantes. La revisión se ha visto beneficiada ampliamente de la extensa consulta pública realizada. La versión revisada de los Principios de la OCDE fueron acordados por los países miembros de la OCDE el 22 de abril de 2004.
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  • 96
    ISBN: 9789264023758
    Language: Bulgarian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'orientation professionnelle ; Guide pratique pour les décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Czech version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Uddannelses- og erhvervsvejledning; En håndbog for beslutningstagere
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Berufsberatung; Ein Handbuch für politisch Verantwortliche
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Greek version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientación professional ; Guía para responsables políticos
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Latvian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance; A Handbook for Policy Makers (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'orientation professionnelle : Guide pratique pour les décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Czech version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Uddannelses- og erhvervsvejledning: En håndbog for beslutningstagere
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Berufsberatung: Ein Handbuch für politisch Verantwortliche
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Greek version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Orientación professional : Guía para responsables políticos
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Latvian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Career Guidance: A Handbook for Policy Makers (Slovak version)
    Keywords: Education ; Employment
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789264022515
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (273 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Report 2005; Efforts and Policies of the Members of the Development Assistance Committee
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Coopération pour le Développement ; Rapport 2005 ; Efforts et politiques des membres du Comité d'aide au développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Report 2005: Efforts and Policies of the Members of the Development Assistance Committee
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Coopération pour le Développement : Rapport 2005 : Efforts et politiques des membres du Comité d'aide au développement
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9789264118454
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (480 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Learning for Tomorrow's World; First Results from PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Apprendre aujourd'hui, réussir demain ; Premiers résultats de PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lernen für die Welt von morgen; Erste Ergebnisse von PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Aprendendo para o Mundo de Amanhã; Primeiros resultados do PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Learning for Tomorrow's World; First Results from PISA 2003 (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Learning for Tomorrow's World: First Results from PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Apprendre aujourd'hui, réussir demain : Premiers résultats de PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lernen für die Welt von morgen: Erste Ergebnisse von PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Aprendendo para o Mundo de Amanhã: Primeiros resultados do PISA 2003
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Learning for Tomorrow's World: First Results from PISA 2003 (Chinese version)
    Keywords: Education
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Seoul : Joint OECD/Korea Regional Centre on Health and Social Policy
    ISBN: 9789264034457
    Language: Korean
    Pages: Online-Ressource (206 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Pensions at a Glance 2005; Public Policies across OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les pensions dans les pays de l'OCDE 2005 ; Panorama des politiques publiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Renten auf einen Blick 2005; Staatliche Politik im OECD-Ländervergleich
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Pensions at a Glance 2005: Public Policies across OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les pensions dans les pays de l'OCDE 2005 : Panorama des politiques publiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Renten auf einen Blick 2005: Staatliche Politik im OECD-Ländervergleich
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The first comprehensive book of its kind, this comparison of key features of pension systems of OECD countries provides coverage of retirement ages, benefit accrual rates, ceilings, and indexation. Future pension entitlements are shown for full-career workers at different earnings levels. Indicators measure redistribution in pension systems, the cost of countries' pension promises, and potential resource transfer. Thirty country chapters explain pension systems and replacement rates in detail. "Pensions at a Glance is a significant undertaking and a major contribution to the body of comparative international pensions literature. The publication will serve as an important resource to those in the pensions policy community." --Ladan Manteghi, AARP Global Aging Program “This book is a valuable reference for policymakers, academics, and business people concerned about retirement systems in the developed world.” --Olivia S. Mitchell, Executive Director, Pension Research Council,The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania"The massive OECD report, Pensions at a Glance, deserves much more than a glance. It is compendium of facts and analyses that should inform policy-making and public debate around the world for years to come. By providing in clear and easy-to-understand form a wealth of information about pension systems throughout the OECD, it will make it much harder for even the most insular to ignore the valuable lessons to be learned from the pension experience of other nations." --Henry J. AaronThe Brookings Institution
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9789264064904
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
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