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  • 2010-2014  (298)
  • 1995-1999
  • 2010  (298)
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (193)
  • Safari, an O’Reilly Media Company  (105)
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  • 2010-2014  (298)
  • 1995-1999
Year
  • 1
    ISBN: 9789264071100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (20 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 429; Sensibilisation cutanée ; Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 429: Sensibilisation cutanée : Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The basic principle underlying the Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) in mouse is that sensitizers induce a primary proliferation of lymphocytes in the auricular lymph nodes draining the site of chemical application. This proliferation is proportional to the dose applied and provides a measurement of sensitisation. The method described is based on the use of radioactive labelling to measure cell proliferation. A minimum of four animals is used per dose group, with a minimum of three concentrations of the test substance, plus a negative control group treated with the vehicle only, and a positive control, as appropriate. The experimental schedule of the assay is during 6 days. Thereafter, the animals are killed and a cell suspension of lymph node cells is prepared. The incorporation of 3H-methyl thymidine is measured by ¦Â-scintillation counting as disintegrations per minute (DPM). The Test Guideline includes performance standards that can be used to evaluate the validation status of new and/or modified test methods that are functionally and mechanistically similar to the LLNA. A reduced LLNA approach which could use up to 40% fewer animals is also described as an option. This study includes: measurements (weighing, DPM), and clinical daily observations. Results are expressed as the Stimulation Index (SI).The SI is obtained by calculation and should be ¡Ý3 before classification of the test material as a skin sensitizer is warranted.
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789264090897
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (25 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 223 ; Oiseaux, essai de toxicité orale aigue͏̈
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 223 : Oiseaux, essai de toxicité orale aigue͏̈
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes procedures designed to estimate the acute oral toxicity of substances to birds, and it provides three testing options: (1) limit dose test, (2) LD50-slope test, and (3) LD50-only test. The LD50-slope and LD50-only options are sequential testing procedures. The test method selected will depend on whether or not a definitive median dose (LD50) and slope of the dose-response curve are both needed. The limit dose test is the preferred test when toxicity is expected to be low and lethality is unlikely at the limit dose. The limit dose should be adequate for assessment purposes, and it is usually 2000 mg/kg-bwt. Five or ten birds are tested at the limit dose in addition to a control group. The LD50-slope test is the preferred test when regulatory or other requirements determine that the slope of the dose-response curve and/or the confidence interval is required in addition to an estimate of the LD50. This is a 3- or 4-stage test with 24 or 34 birds in addition to a control group. The LD50-only test is the preferred test when regulatory or other requirements determine that only the median lethal dose is required but neither the slope of the dose response curve or the confidence interval for the LD50 is required. This may be the appropriate test to estimate a percentile of a species sensitivity distribution of LD50s and to provide information for product labelling purposes. This test has two stages, with 14 birds in addition to a control group. Software to be used with TG 223. Click here. Software not part of the Mutual Acceptance of Data.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tallinn : National Examinations and Qualifications Centre, Estonia
    ISBN: 9789264082915
    Language: Estonian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (255 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving School Leadership, Volume 1; Policy and Practice
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer la direction des établissements scolaires, Volume 1 ; Politiques et pratiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mejorar el liderazgo escolar, Volumen 1 ; política y práctica
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving School Leadership, Volume 1; Policy and Practice (Lithuanian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving School Leadership, Volume 1: Policy and Practice
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Améliorer la direction des établissements scolaires, Volume 1 : Politiques et pratiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mejorar el liderazgo escolar, Volumen 1 : política y práctica
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving School Leadership, Volume 1: Policy and Practice (Lithuanian version)
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: As countries strive to reform education systems and improve student results, school leadership is high on education policy agendas. But in many countries, the men and women who run schools are overburdened, underpaid and near retirement. And few people are lining up for their jobs. What leadership roles contribute most to improving student learning? How best to allocate and distribute leadership tasks? How to develop the right skills for effective school leadership? How to make the profession attractive to high-quality candidates; This book is based on an OECD study of school leadership practices and policies around the world. Offering a valuable cross-country perspective, it identifies four policy levers and a range of policy options to help governments improve school leadership now and build sustainable leadership for the future.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Madrid : Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública (INAP), Spain
    ISBN: 9789264085053
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (185 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Global Competition for Talent; Mobility of the Highly Skilled
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Attirer les talents ; Les travailleurs hautement qualifiés au cœur de la concurrence internationale
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Global Competition for Talent: Mobility of the Highly Skilled
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Attirer les talents : Les travailleurs hautement qualifiés au cœur de la concurrence internationale
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: La movilidad internacional de trabajadores altamente cualificados va en aumento en escala y en complejidad en tanto más economías participan en actividades de innovación e I+D. El talento en movimiento difunde internacionalmente el conocimiento tanto de manera directa como indirecta. Esto puede impulsar el desempeño de la innovación en el mundo con beneficios mutuos tanto para los países emisores como para los países receptores. Es claro que la movilidad conduce a un aumento en el nivel de la internacionalización e integración del mercado de trabajo, y la competencia por el talento está ahora influenciando iniciativas de políticas de innovación en el mundo. La mayoría de los países ofrecen una gama de políticas centradas en apoyar y motivar la movilidad, aunque pocos cuentan con una estrategia de movilidad específica y coherente. Muchas naciones buscan atraer al mismo grupo de personas altamente cualificadas; por consiguiente depender de los flujos internacionales para cubrir vacíos actuales o futuros en el abasto de talento implica riesgos. Son retos clave para los países atender las limitaciones de las políticas nacionales que podrían limitar la disponibilidad local de trabajadores cualificados, y asegurar un entorno más propicio y sólido para la innovación y el esfuerzo científico.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    ManilaaParis : Asian Development BankaOECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264086005
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.)
    Series Statement: ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Asian-Pacific countries have made significant efforts to address weaknesses in their procurement frameworks and practices. To support these efforts and to assist the ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative’s 28 member countries in strengthening their public-procurement mechanisms, the Initiative conducted a Regional Seminar on Fighting Bribery in Public Procurement in November 2007. This volume compiles the experience that experts from Asian and Pacific countries – as well as beyond the region – shared during the seminar. It is addressed to policy makers and experts who wish to learn from other countries’ experiences in strengthening frameworks to protect public procurement from bribery and corruption risks.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264090996
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (15 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 442B ; Sensibilisation cutanée ; Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques; BrdU- ELISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 442B : Sensibilisation cutanée : Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques: BrdU- ELISA
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The Local Lymph Node Assay: BrdU-ELISA (LLNA:BrdU-ELISA) is a non-radioactive modification to the LLNA method for identifying potential skin sensitizing test substances and measuring the proliferation of lymphocytes they induce in the auricular lymph nodes. The method described in mouse is based on the use of measuring 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) content, an analogue of thymidine, as an indicator of this proliferation. A minimum of four animals is used per dose group, with a minimum of three concentrations of the test substance, plus a concurrent negative control group and a positive control group. The experimental schedule is during 6 days. Thereafter, the animals are killed and a single cell suspension of lymph node cells (LNC) is prepared. The procedure for preparing the LNC is crucial, in particular for the small lymph nodes in NC animals. Then the BrdU content in DNA of lymphocytes is measured by ELISA using a commercial kit of by Flow Cytometry (FCM). This study includes: measurements (weighing, BrdU) and clinical daily observations. The results are expressed as the Stimulation Index (SI) obtained by calculation from the mean BrdU labelling index. The SI should be ≥1.6 for the ELISA method or ≥2.7 for the FCM method for identifying the test material as a potential skin sensitizer.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789264086883
    Language: Greek, Modern (1453- )
    Pages: Online-Ressource (422 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital; Condensed Version 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Modèle de convention fiscale concernant le revenu et la fortune ; Version abrégée 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital: Condensed Version 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Modèle de convention fiscale concernant le revenu et la fortune : Version abrégée 2008
    Keywords: Taxation
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789264080331 , 9264080325
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Government at a Glance 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama des administrations publiques 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama de las Administraciones Públicas 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Uno sguardo sulla pubblica amministrazione 2009
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Nach dem schwersten Konjunkturabschwung seit der Großen Depression ist eine wirkungsvolle Rechtsetzung wichtiger denn je. Doch wie kann bessere Rechtsetzung die wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Aussichten verbessern, dauerhaftes Wachstum fördern und die Widerstandsfähigkeit der deutschen Volkswirtschaft stärken? Was genau ist wirkungsvolle Rechtsetzung? Deutsche Fassung der im Oktober 2009 erschienenen Publikation "Government at a Glance".
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Shanghai : East China Normal University Press, China
    ISBN: 9787561768082
    Language: Chinese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (94 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trends Shaping Education - 2008 Edition; (Dutch version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trends Shaping Education 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les grandes mutations qui transforment l'éducation 2008
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trends Shaping Education - 2008 Edition: (Dutch version)
    Keywords: Education
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264097322
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Rapport 2008 du CAD sur l'aide multilatérale
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Multilateral aid accounts for over a third of total official development aid. The scale at which the multilateral system is used reflects donors’ views of it as an important aid channel. However, a clearer picture of the multilateral system is needed to analyse this channel, and the first ever OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) report on multilateral aid aims to address this gap. The report provides a snapshot of the multilateral aid architecture, from the funding of multilateral organisations by DAC members to their own multilateral aid strategies and policies. The report also highlights issues such as fragmentation, multilateral effectiveness, reform processes and partner country views.
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789264085183
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. DAC Guidelines and Reference Series (series); Quality Standards for Development Evaluation (Arabic version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Quality Standards for Development Evaluation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Normes de qualité pour l'évaluation du développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Directrices y Referencias del CAD (series) Estándares de Calidad para la Evaluación del Desarrollo
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. DAC Guidelines and Reference Series (series): Quality Standards for Development Evaluation (Arabic version)
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Aus umfassenden internationalen Beratungen wurden die DAC Qualitätsstandards für die Entwicklungsevaluierung formuliert, die als Leitlinien zur guten Praxis im Bereich der Evaluierung der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit dienen sollen. Um die Qualität von Evaluierungsprozessen und -produkten zu verbessern und die Zusammenarbeit zu erleichtern, umreißen diese Standards entscheidende Aspekte jeder Phase eines typischen Evaluierungsprozesses: von der Festlegung des Zwecks über die Planung, Gestaltung, Durchführung und Berichterstattung bis hin zur Phase des Lernens aus den Evaluierungsergebnissen und zu deren Nutzung.
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9789264126770
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (284 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Factbook 2010; Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama des statistiques de l'OCDE 2010 ; Economie, environnement et société
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Factbook 2010: Economic, Environmental and Social Statistics
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama des statistiques de l'OCDE 2010 : Economie, environnement et société
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9789264083875
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2007; OECD Indicators
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama de la santé 2007 ; Les indicateurs de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gesundheit auf einen Blick 2007; OECD-Indikatoren
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2007; OECD Indicators (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2007: OECD Indicators
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama de la santé 2007 : Les indicateurs de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gesundheit auf einen Blick 2007: OECD-Indikatoren
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2007: OECD Indicators (Korean version)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Esta cuarta edición del Panorama de la salud ofrece los últimos datos comparables y las tendencias en diferentes aspectos del funcionamiento de los sistemas sanitarios en los países de la OCDE. Proporciona evidencia de la existencia de grandes variaciones entre los países en los indicadores del estado de salud y factores de riesgo. Por primera vez, esta publicación incluye un capítulo sobre los nuevos indicadores de calidad de los cuidados mostrando las variaciones entre países en datos como son las tasas de supervivencia después de un ataque cardíaco, accidente cerebrovascular y el cáncer.En el libro cada indicador se presenta en un formato de fácil uso, compuesto de gráficos que muestran las variaciones entre países y en el tiempo, un breve análisis descriptivo, destacando las principales conclusiones sugeridas por los datos, y un cuadro metodológico sobre la definición del indicador. En la publicación se incluye un anexo estadístico con información adicional para la mayoría de los indicadores; a menudo se presentan series temporales desde 1960. Esta publicación se basa en la información disponible en la OECD Health Data 2007, constituyendo el conjunto más completo de estadísticas e indicadores que permite la comparación de los sistemas sanitarios en los 30 países miembros de la OCDE. La publicación también incluye un enlace interactivo (StatLink) que remitiendo al lector a una página web en la que encontrará las estadísticas y las gráficas correspondientes en formato Excel.
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789264086319
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Series Statement: Educational Research and Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éducation, un levier pour améliorer la santé et la cohésion sociale
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Gesundheitserziehung
    Abstract: Today’s global policy climate underlines the importance of better addressing non-economic dimensions of well-being and social progress such as health, social engagement, political interest and crime. Education plays an important role in shaping indicators of progress. However, we understand little about the causal effects, the causal pathways, the role of contexts and the relative impacts that different educational interventions have on social outcomes. This report addresses challenges in assessing the social outcomes of learning by providing a synthesis of the existing evidence, original data analyses and policy discussions. The report finds that education has the potential to promote health as well as civic and social engagement. Education may reduce inequalities by fostering cognitive, social and emotional skills and promoting healthy lifestyles, participatory practices and norms. These efforts are most likely to be successful when family and community environments are aligned with the efforts made in educational institutions. This calls for ensuring policy coherence across sectors and stages of education.
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9789264087255
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (384 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Regional development policies in OECD countries
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regionalpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Regionalpolitik
    Abstract: Policy makers need both a handy reference guide to the regional policies of their own and other countries and a broader analysis of trends in regional policies, based on sound, comparable information. Regional Policies in OECD Countries responds to this need. It is the first systematic, comparative analysis of OECD countries’ regional policies. The report addresses fundamental regional policy concerns, such as: problem recognition; the objectives of regional policy; the legal/institutional framework; the urban/rural framework; budget structures; and the governance mechanisms linking national and sub-national governments as well as sectors. It begins with an overview of the regional policy today. This is followed by country profiles covering the 31 OECD members. The profiles share a common conceptual framework, allowing countries to see how their experiences measure up. The report also contains several annexes, which cover some of the countries that are candidates for accession to the OECD or with which the OECD has enhanced engagement. The annexes also cover the key topics of cross-border cooperation and trends in urban-rural linkages, especially efforts to control urban sprawl. The report will help countries to better understand regional policies and to formulate and diffuse horizontal policy recommendations. The analysis suggests an important role for regional policies in shaping sustainable endogenous development, in particular well-developed governance mechanisms to better respond to the different opportunities and demands of regions and to improve policy efficiency. This report is a unique source of regional policy information and of special interest to policy makers, researchers, and others engaging with regional development.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789264087637
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation, Innovation and the Environment; (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La fiscalité, l'innovation et l'environnement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation, Innovation and the Environment: (Chinese version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Taxation, innovation and the environment
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ökosteuer ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Emissionshandel ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Taxation ; Umweltabgabe ; Umweltschutz ; Innovation ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltsteuer ; Innovationsförderung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Solving the world’s environmental problems could take a significant toll on economic growth if only today’s technologies are available. We know that innovation – the creation and adoption of new cleaner technologies and know-how – provides a means to achieve local and global environmental goals at significantly lower costs. Innovation is also a major driver of economic growth. OECD governments are increasingly using environmentally related taxes because they are typically one of the most effective policy tools available. Exploring the relationship between environmentally related taxation and innovation is critical to understanding the full impacts of this policy instrument as well as one potential facet of “green growth.” By putting a price on pollution, do environmentally related taxes spur innovation? What types of innovation result? Does the design of the tax play a critical role? What is the effect of this innovation? In analysing these questions, this report draws on case studies that cover Japan, Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Israel and others. It covers a wide set of environmental issues and technologies, as well as the economic and policy contexts. The research methods range from econometric analysis to interviews with business owners and executives. The report also explores the use of environmentally related taxes in OECD countries and outlines considerations for policymakers when implementing these taxes. Green growth policies can stimulate economic growth while preventing environmental degradation, biodiversity loss and unsustainable natural resource use. The results from this publication will contribute to the Green Growth Strategy being developed by the OECD as a practical policy package for governments to harness the potential of greener growth.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264094901
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Systèmes de santé ; efficacité et politiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Systèmes de santé : efficacité et politiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Health care systems
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; Gesundheitspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Abstract: People in OECD countries are healthier than ever before, as shown by longer life expectancy and lower mortality for diseases such as cancer. At the same time, total spending on health care now absorbs over 9% of GDP on average in the OECD. Achieving value for money in the health care sector is an important objective in all OECD countries. The book takes an in-depth look at health care in OECD countries today. What is the status of people’s health? How do we measure health outcomes? How do we assess the efficiency of health care systems? How are health policies and institutions linked with the performance of health care systems? The chapters explore the answers to such questions. They cover: trends in health care outcomes and spending; ways of assessing efficiency; new indicators of health care policies and institutions; and the characteristics and performance of health care systems.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789264096158
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336 p.)
    Series Statement: Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Safety assessment of transgenic organisms ; Vol. 4
    RVK:
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Transgene Pflanzen ; Umweltgefährdung ; Risikoanalyse
    Abstract: The books on “Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms” constitute a compilation of the OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents. When published, Volume 1 and 2 contained the documents issued before 2006; Volume 3 and 4 are a continuation of the compilation up to 2010. The OECD Biosafety Consensus Documents identify elements of scientific information used in the environmental safety and risk assessment of transgenic organisms which are common to OECD member countries and some non members associated with the work. This is intended to encourage information sharing, promote harmonised practices, and prevent duplication of effort among countries. These books offer ready access to those consensus documents which have been issued on the website thus far. As such, it should be of value to applicants for commercial uses of transgenic organisms (crops, trees, microorganisms), to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities, as well as the wider scientific community. More information on the OECD's work related to the biosafety of transgenic organisms is found at BioTrack Online (http://www.oecd.org/biotrack).
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789264095502
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (72 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Cayman Islands ; Taxation ; Cayman Islands ; Cayman Islands ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789264095649
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (66 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Katar ; Taxation ; Qatar ; Katar ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9789264091344
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (356 p.)
    Series Statement: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Avaliações de Políticas Nacionais de Educação; Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Avaliações de Políticas Nacionais de Educação: Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Santa Catarina State, Brazil
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Santa Catarina ; Education ; Brazil ; Santa Catarina ; Bildungspolitik ; Bildungswesen
    Abstract: Education is a central priority for the State of Santa Catarina. Its policy makers are firmly committed to provide a relevant and efficient education system that responds to the requirements of the global economy and will allow the state to be competitive, both nationally and internationally . This OECD review gives a brief overview of education in Santa Catarina and its development. It presents an analysis of the system from pre-school to tertiary education and lifelong learning, and identifies key directions for policy reform in light of the challenges encountered by officials, communities, enterprises, educators, parents and students. It concludes with a set of key recommendations concerning the structure of the system and its labour market relevance; access and equity; governance and management; research, development and innovation; internationalisation; and financing.
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789264073210
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (251 p.)
    Series Statement: Reviews of National Policies for Education
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan 2009; Students with Special Needs and those with Disabilities (Russian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan 2009: Students with Special Needs and those with Disabilities (Russian version)
    Keywords: Education ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Tajikistan
    Abstract: This OECD publication reviews the current state of education policies for children with special education needs and those with disabilities in Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, and Tajikistan. It offers an overview of the respective country backgrounds, education systems and relevant legislation, and takes a critical look at access to education for what is considered to be the most vulnerable group of children in the countries reviewed. Particular attention is paid to inclusive education policies, to the processes of identification and assessment, to overall policy co-ordination for the provision of education services, to integration in mainstream education, as well as to good practices and the role of NGOs and the donor community.
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  • 23
    ISBN: 9789264094772
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (162 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Österreich ; Governance ; Austria ; Österreich ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Austria, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9789264085626
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Finnland ; Governance ; Finland ; Finnland ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Finland, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789264087842
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Formation et emploi ; relever le défi de la réussite
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Learning for Jobs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Preparándose para trabajar
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Formation et emploi : relever le défi de la réussite
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Ein hohes Niveau arbeitsplatzrelevanter Kompetenzen wird für die OECD-Länder als entscheidendes Mittel zur Stützung des Wirtschaftswachstums betrachtet. Die Berufsbildungssysteme sind nunmehr Gegenstand eingehender Analysen, um herauszufinden, ob sie in der Lage sind, die erforderlichen Kompetenzen zu vermitteln. Lernen für die Arbeitswelt ist eine OECD-Studie zur Berufsbildung, die den Ländern dabei helfen soll, die Anpassungsfähigkeit ihrer Berufsbildungssysteme im Blick auf die Arbeitsmarkterfordernisse zu verbessern. Sie wird die Faktengrundlage erweitern, einen Katalog von Politikoptionen ermitteln und Instrumente für die Bewertung der Politikinitiativen im Bereich der Berufsbildung entwickeln. Die OECD führt in folgenden Ländern Prüfungen der Berufsbildungspolitik durch: Australien, Belgien (Flandern), Deutschland, Irland, Korea, Mexiko, Norwegen, Österreich, Schweden, Schweiz, Tschechische Republik, Ungarn, Vereinigtes Königreich (England und Wales), Vereinigte Staaten (South Carolina und Texas). Ein erster Bericht über Chile und ein Kurzbericht über die Volksrepublik China wurden ebenfalls erstellt.
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9789264084551
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Dänemark ; Governance ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; Regulierung ; Volkswirtschaft
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Denmark, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9789264090316
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.) , ill.
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9789282102831
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (55 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La Sécurité et la réforme du cadre réglementaire des chemins de fer
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Does deregulation reduce rail safety? Many countries have envisaged or implemented pro-competitive regulatory reforms of their rail sectors. Concerns have been voiced regarding the impact of these reforms on rail safety performance, especially in cases of reforms that have privatised or deregulated state ownership and control of railways. This report addresses these concerns with a detailed investigation of pre- and post-reform rail safety data in countries where complete and comparable data exists.
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9789264059917
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan 2009; Students with Special Needs and those with Disabilities
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan 2009: Students with Special Needs and those with Disabilities
    Keywords: Education ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Tajikistan
    Abstract: В данной публикации ОЭСР предлагается обзор текущей образовательной политики в отношении детей с особыми образовательными потребностями в Казахстане, Кыргызской Pеспублике и Таджикистане. Дается представление о социально- историческом контексте, системах образования и соответствующего законодательства, критически анализируются принятые взгляды на доступ к образованию для самой уязвимой группы детского населения в данных странах. Особое внимание уделяется политическим мерам, направленным на обеспечения инклюзивности образования, процедурам идентификации и оценки, общей координации предоставления образовательных услуг, интеграции в общеобразовательную систему, а также наиболее успешным практикам и роли НПО и общественных доноров. Публикация входит в серию изданий ОЭСР “Oбзор национал ьной политики в области образования”, ее готовит Программа по Сотрудничеству со странами, не входящими в состав ОЭСР Директората по Образованию.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Seoul : OECD/Korea Policy Centre, Korea
    ISBN: 9789264105133
    Language: Korean
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2009; OECD Indicators
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama de la santé 2009 ; Les indicateurs de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gesundheit auf einen Blick 2009; OECD-Indikatoren
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Health at a Glance 2009: OECD Indicators
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Panorama de la santé 2009 : Les indicateurs de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gesundheit auf einen Blick 2009: OECD-Indikatoren
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: 질병 예방 및 치료의 발달로 OECD 국가들은 최근 수십 년간 평균수명과 삶의 질에서 괄목할 만한 개선을 이룰 수 있었다. 동시에 의료비도 계속 증가하여 앖으며, 의료비가 국민소득 에서 차지하는 비중 역시 계속 늘어앖다: 현재 GDP대비 국민의료비는 OECD 국가 평균 9% 내외를 차지하는데, 1970년에는 5%를 갓 넘는 수준이었다. 한눈에 보는 보건지표 제 5판인 이 책은 OECD 국가 의료제도의 성과의 여러 측면에 대한 비교 가능한 최근의 데이터를 제공한다. 의료제도의 비용, 활동, 결과가 국가 간에 광범위한 변이를 가짐을 분명히 보여준다. 주요 지표들은 건강상태, 건강의 결정요인, 보건의료 활동 그리고 의료비 및 재원조달에 대한 정 보를 제공한다. 이번 판은 또한 OECD 국가들의 중요한 정책목표인 보건의료인력과 의료접근성 대해서도 다뤘다. 보건의료의 질에 대한 장에서는 만성질환에 대한 보건의료의 질을 나타낼수 있는 지표를 새로 포함시켰다. 이 책의 각 지표들은 독자들이 편하게 볼 수 있도록 제시되었는데, 국가 상호간 및 경시적 차이 를 나타내는 차트, 데이터가 제공하는 주요 시사점에 초점을 맞춘 간단한 분석적 설명, 지표의 정의 및 데이터 비교에 있어서의 한계점에 관한 방법론 박스로 구성되어 있다. 부록은 OECD국 가에서 의료제도가 작동하는 인구학적·경제적 구조에 대한 정보를 추가적으로 제공하고 있으며 의료제도의 재원 및 서비스 전달에서의 핵심 특징들을 간추리고 있다.
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9789264095335
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2009 Results; What Students Know and Can Do; Student Performance in Reading, Mathematics and Science (Volume I)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Résultats du PISA 2009 ; Savoirs et savoir-faire des élèves ; Performance des élèves en compréhension de l'écrit, en mathématiques et en sciences (Volume I)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Informe PISA 2009; Lo que los estudiantes saben y pueden hacer ; Rendimiento de los estudiantes en lectura, matemáticas y ciencias
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2009 Results: What Students Know and Can Do: Student Performance in Reading, Mathematics and Science (Volume I)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Résultats du PISA 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Informe PISA 2009: Lo que los estudiantes saben y pueden hacer
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Sind die Schülerinnen und Schüler gut auf die Herausforderungen der Zukunft vorbereitet? Können sie analysieren, logisch denken und ihre Ideen effektiv kommunizieren? Haben sie Interessen entwickelt, die sie ihr ganzes Leben hindurch als produktive Mitglieder von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft weiterverfolgen können? Die Internationale Schulleistungsstudie der OECD (PISA) sucht durch die umfassendste und weitreichendste internationale Erhebung der Kenntnisse und Fähigkeiten von Schülerinnen und Schülern Antworten auf diese Fragen zu liefern. Die Gruppe der an PISA teilnehmenden Länder und Partnerländer macht insgesamt nahezu 90% der Weltwirtschaft aus. PISA 2009 Ergebnisse stellt die Erkenntnisse vor, die bei der jüngsten PISA-Erhebung gewonnen wurden. Schwerpunkt war diesmal wieder die Lesekompetenz, evaluiert wurden aber auch die Schülerleistungen in Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften. Band I, Was Schülerinnen und Schüler wissen und können: Schülerleistungen in Lesekompetenz, Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, vergleicht die Schülerleistungen in den verschiedenen Ländern. Band II, Potenziale nutzen und Chancengerechtigkeit sichern: Sozialer Hintergrund und Schülerleistungen, befasst sich mit der Frage, wie gut es den Bildungssystemen gelingt, den Effekt des sozioökonomischen Hintergrunds und des Migrationsstatus auf die Schüler- und Schulleistungen einzudämmen. Band III, Learning to Learn: Student Engagement, Strategies and Practices (nur in Englisch verfügbar), setzt sich mit der Motivation, dem Leseengagement und dem Einsatz effektiver Lernstrategien bei 15-Jährigen auseinander. Band IV, Was macht eine Schule erfolgreich? Lernumfeld und schulische Organisation in PISA, untersucht, wie sich die Ressourcenausstattung der Schulen sowie die Schulpolitik und -praxis auf die Lernergebnisse der Schüler auswirken. Band V, Lernfortschritte im globalen Wettbewerb: Veränderungen bei den Schülerleistungen seit 2000, befasst sich mit der Frage, welche Fortschritte die Länder bei der Anhebung des Leistungsniveaus und der Verbesserung der Chancengerechtigkeit in der Bildung erzielt haben. Band VI, Students On Line: Reading and Using Digital Information (nur in Englisch verfügbar), untersucht, wie gut die Schülerinnen und Schüler Informationstechnologien für Lernzwecke nutzen können. PISA 2009 markiert den Beginn des zweiten Erhebungszyklus, in dessen Rahmen 2012 eine schwerpunktmäßige Beurteilung der Mathematikleistungen und 2015 der Leistungen in Naturwissenschaften geplant ist. Die Internationale Schulleistungsstudie der OECD (PISA) PISA richtet das Augenmerk auf die Fähigkeit der Jugendlichen, ihre Kenntnisse und Fertigkeiten zur Bewältigung alltäglicher Herausforderungen einzusetzen. Diese Orientierung spiegelt eine Veränderung in den Zielen der Lehrpläne wider, in denen es zunehmend darum geht, wie die Schülerinnen und Schüler ihr Schulwissen konkret nutzen können, und nicht mehr nur um die Fähigkeit zur Wiedergabe des Gelernten. Zu den Besonderheiten von PISA gehören: Politikorientierung: Die Daten über die Lernergebnisse der Schülerinnen und Schüler werden mit Informationen über deren Hintergrundmerkmale und über wichtige Faktoren, die ihr Lernen innerhalb und außerhalb der Schule beeinflussen, verknüpft, um die Unterschiede bei den Leistungsstrukturen hervorzuheben und zu untersuchen, wodurch sich Schüler, Schulen und Bildungssysteme, die hohe Leistungen erbringen, auszeichnen. Innovatives Konzept der Grundbildung: Im Mittelpunkt steht die Fähigkeit der Schülerinnen und Schüler, Kenntnisse und Fertigkeiten in wichtigen Fächern zur Definition, Interpretation und Lösung von Problemen in einer Vielzahl von Situationen zu nutzen, zu analysieren, logisch zu denken und effektiv zu kommunizieren. Relevanz für das lebenslange Lernen: Bei PISA werden nicht nur die Kompetenzen der Schülerinnen und Schüler in den Schulfächern erfasst, sondern auch Informationen über ihre Lernmotivation, Selbsteinschätzung und Lernstrategien erhoben. Regelmäßigkeit: Die Länder haben die Möglichkeit, ihre Fortschritte bei der Verwirklichung entscheidender Lernziele im Zeitverlauf zu beobachten. Große geografische Reichweite und kooperativer Charakter: In PISA 2009 nehmen alle 34 OECD-Mitgliedstaaten sowie 40 Partnerländer und -volkswirtschaften teil.
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9789264087088
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cross-border Tertiary Education; A Way towards Capacity Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'enseignement supérieur transnational ; Un levier pour le développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cross-border Tertiary Education: A Way towards Capacity Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'enseignement supérieur transnational : Un levier pour le développement
    Keywords: Education ; Trade
    Abstract: La educación superior transfronteriza está emergiendo para convertirse en un fenómeno fascinante pero muy complejo. La movilidad de estudiantes, de profesores, de conocimiento e incluso valores ha sido por siglos parte de la educación superior, pero esta ha crecido a un ritmo sin precedentes. Durante las últimas dos décadas se ha visto un crecimiento significativo de movilidad en los programas y proveedores de educación superior mediante modos presenciales y virtuales de entrega. Esto presenta muchas nuevas oportunidades entre las que están mayor acceso a la educación superior, alianzas estratégicas entre países y regiones, además de la expansión del recurso humano y la capacidad institucional. De forma paralela existe un número igual de retos: un incremento potencial de proveedores de baja o dudosa calidad, la falta de reconocimiento de las cualificaciones extranjeras por parte de los empleadores o instituciones de educación locales, junto al elitismo y las tensiones que este crea. En muchos casos, estas tendencias nuevas propician que los países reconsideren diferentes aspectos de su política educativa, en particular el marco normativo para el aseguramiento de la calidad y de la educación superior privada.El propósito del libro es generar nueva información sobre los retos y oportunidades que se presentan especialmente en los países en desarrollo para aprovechar la educación superior transfronteriza como una herramienta para el desarrollo. Esta obra analiza el concepto desarrollo de competencias mediante la educación transfronteriza, con énfasis el papel crucial del aseguramiento de la calidad y las negociaciones comerciales. Este volumen es de especial interés tanto para diseñadores de política educativa como para los incontables interesados en la educación superior de los países en desarrollo.
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9789264084070
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Migrant Education
    Keywords: Education ; Norway
    Abstract: By international standards, Norway has an inclusive education system. However, immigrant students, on average, have weaker education outcomes than their native peers at all levels of education. Norway is undertaking universal and targeted measures to improve the situation of immigrant students. There is scope to improve access to quality early childhood education and care, especially for immigrant children; enhance capacities of teachers and school leaders to be more responsive to the growing linguistic and cultural diversity of students; mainstream language support into curriculum, teacher education and research; provide more support in vocational education programmes such as technical language acquisition and career guidance; compensate for the gaps in learning environments at home through extending school hours, assisting with homework, providing mentors from immigrant backgrounds and supporting migrant parents; manage regional variations by strengthening accountability of schools and promoting knowledge sharing; and monitor progress and use formative evaluation at all levels.
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9789264087682
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving Schools; Strategies for Action in Mexico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Improving Schools: Strategies for Action in Mexico
    Keywords: Education ; Mexico
    Abstract: Este reporte desarrolla conocimientos comparados sobre reformas en política docente y gestión y liderazgo escolar en el contexto de un país miembro de la OCDE: México. Los resultados educativos en México pueden mejorar si se refuerza la eficacia de sus escuelas. La brecha en estándares entre el desempeño de los estudiantes en México y otros países de la OCDE sólo puede ser reducida si las escuelas se vuelven buenas en lo que hacen. Este reporte analiza las áreas fundamentales y los retos a los que se enfrenta el sistema educativo mexicano, y provee recomendaciones de políticas públicas en las áreas de gestión, liderazgo escolar y política docente. Estas recomendaciones han sido desarrolladas considerando los resultados, la calidad, los estándares educativos y de las escuelas en México en términos de lo que se sabe a nivel internacional sobre las escuelas eficaces. El resultado es una serie de recomendaciones adaptadas al contexto mexicano. El reporte tiene dos audiencias: Busca apoyar al gobierno de México y a los actores clave del sistema educativo en el desarrollo de una visión común de largo plazo y de políticas en las áreas de gestión escolar, liderazgo escolar, participación social, así como en políticas de selección, formación inicial, desarrollo profesional y evaluación de docentes en México. A su vez, ofrece conocimientos valiosos sobre desarrollo e implementación de políticas educativas para otros países miembros y asociados de la OCDE que se encuentran en procesos de reforma de sus sistemas educativos.
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hiroshima : Institute of Administrative Management, Japan
    ISBN: 9784906596072
    Language: Japanese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Performance Budgeting in OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La budgétisation axée sur la performance dans les pays de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: 本書では、過去10年に業績情報を開発し、予算プロセスで使用してきた8つのOECD加盟国(オーストラリア、カナダ、デンマーク、韓国、オランダ、スウェーデン、英国、米国)の経験を検証する。業績情報が実際に予算の意思決定に使われているか否かを調べ、使われている場合はその方法を分析するとともに、資源と結果の関係や、効率、有効性、業績の改善に対する影響、これらの国々における過去数年の経験から得られる教訓について考察する。本書は業績情報の使用を促進する予算システムを採用する際の指針となる。
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9787511103338
    Language: Chinese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (227 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ensuring Environmental Compliance; Trends and Good Practices
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Faire respecter les normes environnementales ; Tendances et bonnes pratiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ensuring Environmental Compliance: Trends and Good Practices
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Faire respecter les normes environnementales : Tendances et bonnes pratiques
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Santiago de Chile : Universidad Catolica Cardenal Raul Silva Henriquez, Chile
    ISBN: 9789567947928
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (425 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Understanding the Brain; The Birth of a Learning Science
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comprendre le cerveau ; Naissance d'une science de l'apprentissage
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Understanding the Brain: The Birth of a Learning Science
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comprendre le cerveau : Naissance d'une science de l'apprentissage
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Esta obra proporciona nuevas perspectivas acerca del aprendizaje, se sintetizan los hallazgos existentes y en surgimiento de la ciencia cognitiva y del cerebro, y explora cómo esta nueva información puede impactar la enseñanza, la crianza y la elaboración de política educativa. El libro muestra que las más recientes técnicas de imagenología cerebral y otros avances en las neurociencias revelan realmente acerca de cómo el cerebro se desarrolla y funciona en las distintas etapas desde el nacimiento hasta la vejez y cómo el cerebro se relaciona al adquirir competencias tales como la lectura y el cálculo. También se presentan perspectivas científicas de lo que sucede cuando el cerebro padece enfermedades como la dislexia o el mal de Alzheimer.
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789264090934
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (30 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 317 ; Bioaccumulation chez les oligochètes terrestres
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 317 : Bioaccumulation chez les oligochètes terrestres
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes procedures designed to assess bioaccumulation of chemicals in soil oligochaetes. The parameters which characterise the bioaccumulation of a substance include the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), the uptake rate constant (ks) and the elimination rate constant (ke). The test consists of two phases: the uptake (exposure) phase and the elimination (post-exposure) phase. An elimination phase is always required unless uptake of the test substance during the exposure phase has been insignificant. The test organisms are exposed to the test substance during the uptake phase. The test substance is incorporated into the soil; it is recommended to use the artificial soil described in the OECD Test Guideline 207 (Earthworm, acute toxicity test). The uptake phase should be of 14 days (enchytraeids) or 21 days (earthworms) unless it is demonstrated that steady state has been reached. For the elimination phase, the worms are transferred to a soil free of test substance. The elimination phase is generally of 21 days.
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9789264077485
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (56 p)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le coût élevé des faibles performances éducatives ; Impact économique à long terme d'une amélioration des résultats au PISA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le coût élevé des faibles performances éducatives : Impact économique à long terme d'une amélioration des résultats au PISA
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: This report uses recent economic modelling to relate cognitive skills – as measured by PISA and other international instruments – to economic growth, demonstrating that relatively small improvements to labour force skills can largely impact the future well-being of a nation. The report also shows that it is the quality of learning outcomes, not the length of schooling, which makes the difference. A modest goal of all OECD countries boosting their average PISA scores by 25 points over the next 20 years would increase OECD gross domestic product by USD 115 trillion over the lifetime of the generation born in 2010. More aggressive goals could result in gains in the order of USD 260 trillion.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264094857
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (143 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Aid
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: The evaluation of official development programmes has grown tremendously over the past two decades; the public and taxpayers increasingly demand credible assessments of whether aid “works” to improve the lives of the world’s poorest. Global efforts to hold donors and partners accountable for the outcomes of development co-operation have also contributed to the growing interest in evaluation. In this context, this study describes the role and management of evaluation in development agencies and multilateral banks, based on questionnaires, findings from peer reviews by the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC), interviews and a literature review. The study includes information about the specific institutional settings, resources, policies and practices of each of the DAC Evaluation Network’s 32 members. The study identifies major trends and current challenges in development evaluation, covering: human and financial resources, institutional set-ups and policies, independence of the evaluation function, reporting and use of evaluation findings, management response systems, donor co-ordination, joint evaluation, and the involvement of partner countries in evaluation work. This study is part of the DAC Network on Development Evaluation’s ongoing efforts to increase the effectiveness of development co-operation policies and programmes by promoting high-quality, independent evaluation.
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9789264082052
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (272 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regional Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Catalonia, Spain
    RVK:
    Keywords: Technologiepolitik ; Katalonien ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Spain ; Katalonien ; Innovationsförderung
    Abstract: This review of regional innovation assesses how to improve Catalonia's current strategy and actions in order to boost its innovation system through both its own programmes and those of Spain and the European Union. It finds that with over seven million inhabitants and a GDP of around EUR 204 billion, Catalonia is not only an important region within Spain, but within the OECD as well. Indeed, its economic output is similar to countries like Portugal and Norway. The region experienced massive population growth over the past decade, due to immigration, which in part drove GDP growth. However, Catalonia’s productivity is slipping, relative to other OECD regions, necessitating the transition to a productivity-driven growth model through a stronger regional innovation system. The region has successfully strengthened its research base, with investments in R&D having increased four-fold over the past decade. Catalonia is now mobilising actors across the innovation system in regional centres, such as Barcelona, to improve productivity and address social challenges.
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9789264082151
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques rurales; Québec, Canada 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des politiques rurales: Québec, Canada 2010
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Québec, Canada
    Keywords: Entwicklungsplanung ; Quebec (Provinz) ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Canada ; Québec ; Ländliche Entwicklung
    Abstract: OECD's review of rural policy in Quebec. It finds that in rural Québec, both population and personal income are growing, on average, and the province’s economic base continues to diversify. Land occupancy is more homogenous than in the rest of Canada, due to the presence of denser networks of small and medium-sized communities. However, mirroring the situation at the national level, the province displays large regional disparities. The sustainability of some rural communities, especially if remote and resource-based, is challenged by demographic and economic decline. In this context, Québec has developed one of the most advanced rural policy approaches in the OECD, closely in line with the framework suggested in the OECD’s New Rural Paradigm. The province’s rural policy does not have a sectoral focus, and aims at community empowerment and land occupancy. To maximize returns on its rural policy investments, Québec needs to integrate social development more strongly with economic and entrepreneurial development, and further strengthen the supra-local level of government as the centre for rural and territorial development strategies. This should be combined with stabilisation measures in lagging areas, through the accumulation of human capital and enhanced access to land in predominantly rural territories. To address environmental challenges, natural resources should be protected both in the outskirts of metropolitan zones and in remote areas.
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  • 43
    ISBN: 9789264086968
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mieux légiférer en Europe ; France 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mieux légiférer en Europe : France 2010
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Frankreich ; Governance ; France ; Frankreich ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for France, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264039520
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Mathematics Teaching and Learning Strategies in PISA uses data from the PISA 2003 assessment to examine the relationships between teaching strategies, student learning strategies and mathematics achievement. The report aims to identify instructional practices and learning strategies that contribute to increased achievement in mathematics and general knowledge. It then explains how these strategies may be related to different countries’ school system structures. This report offers policy insights and stimulates new research to complement and further develop the recent OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) and the upcoming PISA 2012 assessment, which will again focus on mathematics. In addition, this report may be of interest to teachers, educators and officials within national and local educational authorities responsible for the professional development of teachers or for programme development, as well as members of school boards and parent advisory bodies.
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9789264095076
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Spanien ; Governance ; Spain ; Spanien ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Spain, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789264075009
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: People from many countries have expressed interest in the tests students take for the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Learning Mathematics for Life examines the link between the PISA test requirements and student performance. It focuses specifically on the proportions of students who answer questions correctly across a range of difficulty. The questions are classified by content, competencies, context and format, and the connections between these and student performance are then analysed. This analysis has been carried out in an effort to link PISA results to curricular programmes and structures in participating countries and economies. Results from the student assessment reflect differences in country performance in terms of the test questions. These findings are important for curriculum planners, policy makers and in particular teachers – especially mathematics teachers of intermediate and lower secondary school classes.
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9789264085411
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (675 p)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: A joint production by six international organizations, this manual explores the conceptual and theoretical issues that national statistical offices should consider in the daily compilation of export and import price indices. Intended for use by both developed and developing countries, it replaces guidance from the United Nations that is now more than a quarter-century old and thus badly outdated. The chapters cover many topics; they elaborate on the different practices currently in use, propose alternatives whenever possible, and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each alternative. Given its comprehensive nature, the manual is expected to satisfy the needs of many users in addition to national statistical offices and international organizations, particularly businesses, policymakers, and researchers.
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789264084568
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Niederlande ; Governance ; Netherlands ; Niederlande ; Regulierung ; Volkswirtschaft
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for the Netherlands, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 49
    Language: English
    Pages: 22 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2010/12
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  • 50
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.174
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; India
    Abstract: apid growth in globally competitive Indian information technology services has helped to transform the Indian economy.
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  • 51
    Language: English
    Pages: 28 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2010/15
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Perspectives des transports 2010 : Le potentiel de l'innovation
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789264084544
    Language: Korean
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews; Trans-border Urban Co-operation in the Pan Yellow Sea Region, 2009
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Territorial Reviews: Trans-border Urban Co-operation in the Pan Yellow Sea Region, 2009
    Keywords: Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: 환황해권은 중국 북부 해안지역(환발해만), 한국의 남해안과 서해안 지역, 일본 서남 해안지역(규슈)을 포괄한다. 1990년대 초반에 중국이 개방된 이후, 환황해권은 광범위한 제조·운송네트워크를기반으로동아시아에서가장급속도로경제성장을이룩하고있는지역이다 중국의다롄 칭다오 톈진과한국의부산 인천 그리고일본의후쿠오카 기타큐슈가이지역의발전을주도하고있다 그러나환황해권은보유한자산과성장잠재력을충분히활용하지못하고있다 지역내과도한경쟁과미흡한거버넌스시스템구축으로인하여경제통합은큰진전을보이지못하고있다 이지역의운송체제 특히컨테이너운송시장이통합되기위해서는구조적변화가필요하다 사회적·문화적네트워크강화도여전히풀어나가야할과제로남아있고 환경문제역시중요한의제로점차대두되고있다 본보고서는이러한요인들을분석하고 환황해권의경쟁력과통합향상을위한다양한정책을평가한다 본보고서는특히1990년대이후지역정책의핵심의제로떠오르고있는환황해권의초국경적거버넌스체계를검토한다 지역당국간화합은경제성장을도모하고역내다양한문제를해결하기위한전제조건이된다 유럽의OECD 회원국간초국경적협력과북미국가간초국경적협력에대한비교분석도부록에기술되어있다 본보고서는초국경적개발혹은아시아경제개발을목적으로활동하는정책입안자 연구원 비정부기구의관심을충족시켜줄것이다 환황해권내초국경적도시간협력에관한지역정책보고서는OECD 지역개발정책위원회(Territorial Development Policy Committee)가담당하는국가지역정책보고서프로그램의일부이다 지역정책보고서시리즈는국가중앙정부에실질적인정책조언을제공하는일을목적으로한다 과거초국경적협력사례연구로는외레순덴마크스웨덴 지역과비엔나브라티슬라바오스트리아슬로바키아가있다.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789264091672
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (54 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Conflict and Fragility
    Keywords: Development ; Timor-Leste
    Abstract: This report reviews the implementation in Timor-Leste of the Principles for Good International Engagement in Fragile States and Situations two years after they were endorsed by ministers of the OECD Development Assistance Committee, and identifies priority areas to improve the collective impact of international engagement. The Timor-Leste Country Report reflects the findings from a national consultation among stakeholders representing both national and international institutions, complemented by interviews and data collection.
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  • 54
    ISBN: 9789524858366
    Language: Finnish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Assessing Scientific, Reading and Mathematical Literacy; A Framework for PISA 2006
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compétences en sciences, lecture et mathématiques ; Le cadre d'évaluation de PISA 2006
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2006 ; Marco de la evaluación ; Conocimientos y habilidades en ciencias, matemáticas y lectura
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Valutare le competenze in scienze, lettura e matematica; Quadro di riferimento di PISA 2006
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Assessing Scientific, Reading and Mathematical Literacy; A Framework for PISA 2006 (Japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2006; Estrutura da avaliação; Conhecimentos e habilidades em ciências, leitura e matemática
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Assessing Scientific, Reading and Mathematical Literacy: A Framework for PISA 2006
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Compétences en sciences, lecture et mathématiques : Le cadre d'évaluation de PISA 2006
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2006 : Marco de la evaluación : Conocimientos y habilidades en ciencias, matemáticas y lectura
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Valutare le competenze in scienze, lettura e matematica: Quadro di riferimento di PISA 2006
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Assessing Scientific, Reading and Mathematical Literacy: A Framework for PISA 2006 (Japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. PISA 2006: Estrutura da avaliação: Conhecimentos e habilidades em ciências, leitura e matemática
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Ovatko oppilaat valmiita kohtaamaan tulevaisuuden haasteet? Osaavatko he analysoida, päätellä ja ilmaista tehokkaasti ideoitaan? Onko heillä kykyä elinikäiseen oppimiseen? OECD:n PISA-tutkimusohjelmassa (Programme for International Student Assessment) haetaan vastauksia näihin kysymyksiin. Siinä tutkitaan kolmivuosittain (2000, 2003, 2006, …) keskeisten teollistuneiden maiden 15-vuotiaiden oppilaiden kykyä käyttää hankkimaansa lukutaidollista, matemaattista ja luonnontieteellistä osaamista. Ensimmäisessä tutkimuksessa vuonna 2000 painottui lukeminen ja toisessa vuonna 2003 matemaattinen osaaminen. Luonnontieteelliseen osaamiseen keskittyvä PISA 2006 täydentää ensimmäisen kokonaisen tutkimusjakson. Luonnontieteiden, lukemisen ja matematiikan osaamisen arviointi – PISA 2006 -viitekehys esittelee PISA 2006 -tutkimuksen aihepiirien määrittelyt. Siihen sisältyy uudistettu ja laajennettu luonnontieteellisen osaamisen viitekehys, tähän liittyvä uudenlainen oppilaiden asenteiden arviointitapa, sekä viitekehykset lukemisen ja matemaattisen osaamisen arvioimiseen. Näistä kolmesta aihepiiristä itetään sisältö, joka oppilaiden tulee omaksua. Lisäksi esitetään taidot, joista heidän tulisi suoriutua, sekä ympäristöt, joissa tietoja ja taitoja sovelletaan. Aihepiirejä ja niiden eri puolia havainnollistetaan esimerkkitehtävillä. TÄYDENTÄVÄÄ KIRJALLISUUTTA PISA 2003 -tutkimuksen ensitulokset julkaistiin teoksissa Learning for Tomorrow’s World – First Results from PISA 2003 (OECD, 2004) ja Problem Solving for Tomorrow’s World – First Measures of Cross-Curricular Competencies from PISA 2003 (OECD, 2004). OECD:n PISA-tutkimusohjelma (Programme for International Student Assessment) PISA on 30 OECD-jäsenmaan ja lähes 30 kumppanimaan yhteistyöhanke, jossa yhdistyy osallistujamaiden tieteellinen asiantuntemus ja jota ohjaavat maiden hallitukset yhteisesti hyväksyttyjen periaatteiden mukaan. PISA on monella tavalla uudenlainen yritys mitata oppilaiden osaamista: – Arjen osaamisen korostaminen: PISA:ssa ei määritellä arvioitavia aihepiirejä (luonnontieteellinen, lukemisen ja matematiikan osaaminen) ensisijaisesti koulun opetussuunnitelmien mukaan, vaan keskeisiä ovat tiedot ja taidot, joita aktiivinen kansalainen tarvitsee yhteiskunnassa. – Tutkimuksen pitkäjänteisyys: Osallistujamailla on mahdollisuus seurata säännöllisesti ja luotettavasti edistymistään tärkeimpien oppimistavoitteiden saavuttamisessa. – Ikäryhmän valinta: Koska kohderyhmänä ovat 15-vuotiaat eli oppivelvollisuutensa loppuvaiheessa olevat oppilaat, PISA kertoo selkeästi koulujärjestelmän toimivuudesta. – Elinikäisen oppimisen näkökulma: PISA:ssa ei arvioida vain oppilaiden tietoja ja taitoja, vaan myös heidän omaa oppimismotivaatiotaan, uskomuksiaan itsestään ja oppimistapojaan.
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9789264083882
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (67 p)
    Series Statement: Conflict and Fragility
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La légitimité de l'État dans les situations de fragilité ; Analyser la complexité
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La légitimité de l'État dans les situations de fragilité : Analyser la complexité
    Keywords: Failed State ; Begrenzte Staatlichkeit ; Nationenbildung ; Staat ; Legitimation ; Konzeption ; Gesellschaft ; Elite ; Interesse ; Global Fragile Staaten/Gescheiterte Staaten ; Nationen- und Staatenbildung ; Staat ; Legitimation ; Konzeption ; Weber, Max ; Verhältnis Gesellschaft - Staat ; Elite ; Interessen ; Development ; Erde
    Abstract: State legitimacy matters because it transforms power into authority and provides the basis for rule by consent, rather than by coercion. In fragile situations, a lack of legitimacy undermines constructive relations between the state and society, and thus compounds fragility. Multiple sources of legitimacy often compete and conflict, leaving the state unable to impose the ultimate rules of the game. Donors working in fragile environments have paid relatively little attention to legitimacy, instead concentrating their efforts on capacity development and institution building as a way of strengthening state effectiveness. The State’s Legitimacy in Fragile Situations urges donors to pay much more attention to legitimacy. It also invites them to broaden their understanding to encompass aspects of legitimacy that derive from people’s shared beliefs and traditions, not just from Western state models. Finally, it encourages donors to monitor the impact of their interventions so as to avoid undermining state legitimacy. The publication concludes with practical recommendations on how donors can support better relations between state and society in fragile situations.
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9789264086265
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (48 p)
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The international symposium entitled “Opportunities and Challenges in theEmerging Field of Synthetic Biology” was held in July 2009 in Washington, DCunder the auspices of the United States National Academies, the Organisationfor Economic Co-operation and Development and the Royal Society.
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9789264091016
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (23 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 487 ; Essai in vitro de micronoyaux sur cellules de mammifères
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 487 : Essai in vitro de micronoyaux sur cellules de mammifères
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The in vitro micronucleus test is a genotoxicity test for the detection of micronuclei in the cytoplasm of interphase cells. Micronuclei may originate from acentric chromosome fragments (i.e. lacking a centromere), or whole chromosomes that are unable to migrate to the poles during the anaphase stage of cell division. The assay detects the activity of clastogenic and aneugenic test substances in cells that have undergone cell division during or after exposure to the test substance. This Test Guideline allows the use of protocols with and without the actin polymerisation inhibitor cytochalasin B. Cytochalasin B allows for the identification and selective analysis of micronucleus frequency in cells that have completed one mitosis, because such cells are binucleate. This Test Guideline also allows the use of protocols without cytokinesis block provided there is evidence that the cell population analysed has undergone mitosis.
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9789264090910
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (29 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 233 ; Essai de toxicité sur le cycle de vie des chironomes dans un système eau-sédiment chargé ou eau chargée-sédiment
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 233 : Essai de toxicité sur le cycle de vie des chironomes dans un système eau-sédiment chargé ou eau chargée-sédiment
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Guideline is designed to assess the effects of prolonged exposure of chemicals to the life-cycle of the sediment-dwelling freshwater dipteran Chironomus sp. First instar chironomid larvae are exposed to five concentrations of the test chemical in sediment-water systems. The test substance is spiked into the water or alternatively the sediment, and first instar larvae are subsequently introduced into test beakers in which the sediment and water concentrations have been stabilised. Chironomid emergence, time to emergence, and sex ratio of the fully emerged and alive midges are assessed. Emerged adults are transferred to breeding cages, to facilitate swarming, mating and oviposition. The number of egg ropes produced and their fertility are assessed. From these egg ropes, first instar larvae of the 2nd generation are obtained. These larvae are placed into freshly prepared test beakers (spiking procedure as for the 1st generation) to determine the viability of the 2nd generation through an assessment of their emergence, time to emergence and the sex ratio of the fully emerged and alive midges. All data are analysed either by a regression model to estimate the concentration that would cause X% reduction in the relevant endpoint, or by using hypothesis testing to determine a No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC).
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789282102640
    Language: Russian
    Pages: Online-Ressource (295 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Towards Zero; Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Zéro tué sur la route ; Un système sûr, des objectifs ambitieux
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Towards Zero: Ambitious Road Safety Targets and the Safe System Approach
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Zéro tué sur la route : Un système sûr, des objectifs ambitieux
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Каждый год на автомобильных дорогах мира погибает около 1,2 миллиона человек и еще 50 миллионов получают тяжелые травмы. Но аварии в большинстве случаев предотвратимы и есть много методов, позволяющих избавить людей от горя, которое они приносят, и снизить их негативные экономические последствия. Многие страны поставили перед собой задачи по снижению числа жертв на дорогах. Выполняют ли эти страны поставленные задачи? Что можно сделать прямо сейчас и в долгосрочной перспективе для выполнения этих задач? Есть ли предел возможностей у традиционных подходов к обеспечению дорожной безопасности? В данном докладе дается обзор последних событий и инициатив, направленных на выполнение все более амбициозных задач в области повышения уровня дорожной безопасности. Доклад уделяет особое внимание изменениям в системе ведомственного управления, которые необходимо ввести во многих странах для успешного применения мер по повышению безопасности на дорогах. Доклад подчеркивает также необходимость четкой ориентации на результат и рассматривает экономические обоснования для инвестиций в дорожную безопасность. Он призывает страны с высокими результатами по повышению дорожной безопасности сделать еще больше и активно рекомендует принять системный подход к безопасности, в долгосрочной перспективе способный привести к полному устранению жертв на дорогах. Доклад является наиболее значительным международным обзором достижений в области развития системного подхода к безопасности, принятого в настоящее время в небольшом числе стран. Доклад должен быть полезен всем, кто работает в области управления дорожным хозяйством, и тем, в чью сферу интересов входит повышение уровня безопасности дорожного движения.
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9789264085930
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (46 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réduire les coûts de gestion des produits chimiques ; Comment l'OCDE aide les gouvernements et l'industrie
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Réduire les coûts de gestion des produits chimiques : Comment l'OCDE aide les gouvernements et l'industrie
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The chemicals industry - including industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, food and feed additives and cosmetics - is one of the world’s largest industrial sectors. Many chemical products are traded internationally. Varying national requirements can mean duplication of efforts and significant costs for the chemicals industry, as well as posing barriers to trade. By agreeing on test methods and data quality and sharing the workload of chemical safety testing and assessments, countries together achieve environmentally sustainable and cost-effective results. For non-clinical health and safety testing, for example, the results of such studies carried out on a chemical product in one OECD country must be accepted by the others as long as it was carried out in accordance with the OECD Test Guidelines and Principles of Good Laboratory Practice. This saves the chemicals industry the expense of duplicative testing for products that are marketed in more than one country. This report analyses the rigorous and comprehensive system for assessing and managing chemicals that helps governments and industry save about EUR 150 million each year, through “work sharing” facilitated by the OECD.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789264094413
    Language: Czech
    Pages: Online-Ressource , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Understanding Economic Statistics; An OECD Perspective
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Understanding Economic Statistics: An OECD Perspective
    Keywords: Economics
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789264046276
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter; Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le rôle crucial des enseignants ; Attirer, former et retenir des enseignants de qualité
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stärkere Professionalisierung des Lehrerberufs; Wie gute Lehrer gewonnen, gefördert und gehalten werden können
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Hungarian version); Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Japanese version); Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Professores são importantes; Atraindo, desenvolvendo e retendo professores eficazes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter: Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le rôle crucial des enseignants : Attirer, former et retenir des enseignants de qualité
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Stärkere Professionalisierung des Lehrerberufs: Wie gute Lehrer gewonnen, gefördert und gehalten werden können
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Hungarian version): Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Teachers Matter (Japanese version): Attracting, Developing and Retaining Effective Teachers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Professores são importantes: Atraindo, desenvolvendo e retendo professores eficazes
    Keywords: Education
    Abstract: Los buenos docentes son la columna vertebral de todo sistema educativo. Por tal razón, los gobiernos constantemente buscan políticas magisteriales que los ayuden a seleccionar y conservar a los mejores. A la mayoría de los países le preocupa el envejecimiento de los docentes y la manera de atraer candidatos nuevos, así como satisfacer las demandas de los diversos grupos estudiantiles, las expectativas más altas y las nuevas responsabilidades. Para ser e caz, la política magisterial debe resolver dichas cuestiones. Los docentes son importantes proporciona un detallado análisis internacional de: Las tendencias y los programas de desarrollo de los docentes en 25 países. La investigación sobre cómo atraer, formar y conservar a docentes eficientes. Políticas y prácticas innovadoras y exitosas que los países han implementado. Opciones de política magisterial para consideración de los países. A la vez que documenta muchas áreas de interés acerca de los docentes y la enseñanza, el informe también proporciona ejemplos positivos de la manera en que in uyen las políticas públicas. Destaca los países donde la posición social de los docentes es alta y donde hay más candidatos cali cados que puestos vacantes. Incluso en países en los que la escasez ha sido preocupante, recientemente ha habido señales de mayor interés en la docencia y las iniciativas de política pública parecen estar surtiendo efecto.
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9789264092198
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (190 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Conflict and Fragility
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Fragile states lag far behind meeting the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015, representing 75% of the MDG deficit. Fragile states already lacked the institutional strength to adequately respond to both financial and environmental shocks. The effects of three consecutive and inter-related shocks – food, fuel and the secondary effects of the financial crisis – risk reversing progress achieved by some post-conflict states, and further entrenching insecurity in others. Although official development assistance to fragile states is growing in real terms, it is increasingly concentrated, and half of fragile states face the prospects of declining aid. There is a need to maintain aid levels and meet aid pledges, but also to improve the quality of support to fragile states. This report serves as a tool to better monitor the levels, timing and composition of resource flows to fragile states, and presents salient facts on aid flows to fragile states, the impact on fragile states of the three crises and the need for a whole-of-government response.
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9789264087156
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (468 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Science
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Kernenergie ; Wasserstofferzeugung
    Abstract: Hydrogen has the potential to play an important role as a sustainable and environmentally acceptable energy carrier in the 21st century. This report describes the scientific and technical challenges associated with the production of hydrogen using heat and/or electricity from nuclear power plants, with special emphasis on recent developments in high-temperature electrolysis and the use of different chemical thermodynamic processes. Economics and market analysis as well as safety aspects of the nuclear production of hydrogen are also discussed.
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9789264056701
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'emploi d'après mandat ; Bonnes pratiques en matière de prévention des conflits d'intérêts
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'emploi d'après mandat : Bonnes pratiques en matière de prévention des conflits d'intérêts
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Post-public employment
    RVK:
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Sektor ; Privatwirtschaft ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance ; Verwaltung ; Arbeitnehmer ; Berufliche Mobilität ; Privatwirtschaft
    Abstract: The movement of personnel between employment in the public and private sectors, referred to as the “revolving door” phenomenon, raises particular attention in the context of the response of governments to the financial and economic crisis. This OECD survey of 30 member countries shows that the vast majority of countries have established basic standards for preventing post-public employment conflict of interest. But few have tailored these standards to address risk areas and professions such as regulators or public procurement officials. Enforcing standards and imposing suitable sanctions remains a challenge for many countries. The principles presented in this volume serve as a point of reference for policy makers and managers to review and modernise post-public employment policies. It is part of the pathfinding efforts of the OECD to promote public sector integrity for cleaner, fairer and stronger economies.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264092624
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les déchets radioactifs ; mise en perspective
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les déchets radioactifs : mise en perspective
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Abfallbeseitigung ; Management
    Abstract: Large volumes of hazardous wastes are produced each year, however only a small proportion of them are radioactive. While disposal options for hazardous wastes are generally well established, some types of hazardous waste face issues similar to those for radioactive waste and also require long-term disposal arrangements. The objective of this NEA study is to put the management of radioactive waste into perspective, firstly by contrasting features of radioactive and hazardous wastes, together with their management policies and strategies, and secondly by examining the specific case of the wastes resulting from carbon capture and storage of fossil fuels. The study seeks to give policy makers and interested stakeholders a broad overview of the similarities and differences between radioactive and hazardous wastes and their management strategies.
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789264084865
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (268 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'obésité et l'économie de la prévention ; Objectif santé
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'obésité et l'économie de la prévention : Objectif santé
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sassi, Franco Obesity and the economics of prevention
    RVK:
    Keywords: Körpergewicht ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Übergewicht ; Wirtschaftliche Situation ; Prävention ; Fettsucht ; Prävention ; Gesundheitsökonomie
    Abstract: Before 1980, rates were generally well below 10%. They have since doubled or tripled in many countries, and in almost half of the OECD, 50% or more of the population is overweight. A key risk factor for numerous chronic diseases, obesity is a major public health concern. This book contributes to evidence-based policy making by exploring multiple dimensions of the obesity problem. It examines the scale and characteristics of the epidemic, the respective roles and influence of market forces and governments, and the impact of interventions. It outlines an economic approach to the prevention of chronic diseases that provides novel insights relative to a more traditional public health approach. The analysis was undertaken by the OECD, partly in collaboration with the World Health Organization. The main chapters are complemented by special contributions from health and obesity experts, including Marc Suhrcke, Tim Lobstein, Donald Kenkel and Francesco Branca. “a valuable set of results and suggestions about the best preventive interventions to reduce the burden of obesity.” – Julio Frenk, Dean, Harvard School of Public Health “The positive message of this book is that the obesity epidemic can be successfully addressed.” – Ala Alwan, Assistant Director-General, World Health Organization “innovative and well-researched” – Martin McKee, Professor, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine "A timely, valuable volume on a critical issue. Highly recommended."-Choice, July 2011
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9789264094437
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Series Statement: Educational Research and Innovation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology ; Schule ; Neue Technologie ; Strukturwandel
    Abstract: This report highlights key issues to facilitate understanding of how a systemic approach to technology-based school innovations can contribute to quality education for all while promoting a more equal and effective education system. It focuses on the novel concept of systemic innovation, as well as presenting the emerging opportunities to generate innovations that stem from Web 2.0 and the important investments and efforts that have gone into the development and promotion of digital resources. It also shows alternative ways to monitor, assess and scale up technology-based innovations. Some country cases, as well as fresh and alternative research frameworks, are presented.
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  • 69
    ISBN: 9789282102763
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Drogues au volant ; Détection et dissuasion
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Drogues au volant : Détection et dissuasion
    RVK:
    Keywords: Transport ; Trunkenheit ; Verkehr ; Drogenkonsum ; Verkehr
    Abstract: Driving while impaired by drugs – whether licit or illicit – has emerged as an important road safety issue. This report provides a state-of-the-art review of the role and impact of drugs in road accident risk. It reviews the legislation, deterrence and roadside detection practices in member countries as well as preventative measures to combat drug use while driving. It provides recommendations on strategies to adopt in addressing this issue, with a view to contributing to a safe system approach and saving further lives on the roads.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789264095472
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (58 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Botsuana ; Taxation ; Botswana ; Botswana ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9789264095588
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (66 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Forum mondial sur la transparence et l'échange de renseignements à des fins fiscales Rapport d'examen par les pairs ; Monaco 2010 ; Phase 1 ; Cadre légal et réglementaire
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Forum mondial sur la transparence et l'échange de renseignements à des fins fiscales Rapport d'examen par les pairs : Monaco 2010 : Phase 1 : Cadre légal et réglementaire
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Monaco ; Taxation ; Monaco ; Monaco ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9789264095533
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (90 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes peer reviews
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Indien ; Taxation ; India ; Indien ; Finanzbauverwaltung ; Steuersystem ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes is the multilateral framework within which work in the area of tax transparency and exchange of information is carried out by over 90 jurisdictions which participate in the work of the Global Forum on an equal footing. The Global Forum is charged with in-depth monitoring and peer review of the implementation of the standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. These standards are primarily reflected in the 2002 OECD Model Agreement on Exchange of Information on Tax Matters and its commentary, and in Article 26 of the OECD Model Tax Convention on Income and on Capital and its commentary as updated in 2004, which has been incorporated in the UN Model Tax Convention. The standards provide for international exchange on request of foreseeably relevant information for the administration or enforcement of the domestic tax laws of a requesting party. “Fishing expeditions” are not authorised, but all foreseeably relevant information must be provided, including bank information and information held by fiduciaries, regardless of the existence of a domestic tax interest or the application of a dual criminality standard. All members of the Global Forum, as well as jurisdictions identified by the Global Forum as relevant to its work, are being reviewed. This process is undertaken in two phases. Phase 1 reviews assess the quality of a jurisdiction’s legal and regulatory framework for the exchange of information, while Phase 2 reviews look at the practical implementation of that framework. Some Global Forum members are undergoing combined – Phase 1 plus Phase 2 – reviews. The ultimate goal is to help jurisdictions to effectively implement the international standards of transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes. All review reports are published once approved by the Global Forum and they thus represent agreed Global Forum reports.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264091375
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cities and climate change
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Stadt ; Kommunalpolitik ; Kommunalverwaltung ; OECD-Staaten ; Klima ; Environment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Klima ; Klimakatastrophe ; Klimaveränderung ; Klimawandel ; Stadt ; Klimaänderung
    Abstract: As the hubs of economic activity, cities drive the vast majority of the world’s energy use and are major contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions. Because they are home to major infrastructure and highly concentrated populations, cities are also vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels, warmer temperatures and fiercer storms. At the same time, better urban planning and policies can reduce energy use and greenhouse gas emissions and improve the resilience of urban infrastructure to climate change, thus shaping future trends. This book shows how city and metropolitan regional governments working in tandem with national governments can change the way we think about responding to climate change. The chapters analyse: trends in urbanisation, economic growth, energy use and climate change; the economic benefits of climate action; the role of urban policies in reducing energy demand, improving resilience to climate change and complementing global climate policies; frameworks for multilevel governance of climate change including engagement with relevant stakeholders; and the contribution of cities to “green growth”, including the “greening” of fiscal policies, innovation and jobs. The book also explores policy tools and best practices from both OECD and some non-member countries. Cities and Climate Change reveals the importance of addressing climate change across all levels of government. Local involvement through “climate-conscious” urban planning and management can help achieve national climate goals and minimise tradeoffs between environmental and economic priorities at local levels. The book will be relevant to policy makers, researchers, and others with an interest in learning more about urbanisation and climate change policy.
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9789264084575
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Portugal ; Governance ; Portugal ; Portugal ; Regulierung ; Volkswirtschaft
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Portugal, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789264096356
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Nuclear Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La sécurité d'approvisionnement énergétique et le rôle du nucléaire
    Keywords: Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: What contribution can nuclear energy make to improve the security of energy supply? This study, which examines a selection of OECD member countries, qualitatively and quantitatively validates the often intuitive assumption that, as a largely domestic source of electricity with stable costs and no greenhouse gas emissions during production, nuclear energy can make a positive contribution. Following an analysis of the meaning and context of security of supply, the study uses transparent and policy-relevant indicators to show that, together with improvements in energy efficiency, nuclear energy has indeed contributed significantly to enhanced energy supply security in OECD countries over the past 40 years.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789264077225
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie ; favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'éco-innovation dans l'industrie : favoriser la croissance verte
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Eco-innovation in industry
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Industrie ; Innovationsmanagement ; Umwelttechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Industrie ; Nachhaltigkeit ; OECD
    Abstract: Eco-innovation will be a key driver of industry efforts to tackle climate change and realise “green growth” in the post-Kyoto era. Eco-innovation calls for faster introduction of breakthrough technologies and for more systemic application of available solutions, including non-technological ones. It also offers opportunities to involve new players, develop new industries and increase competitiveness. Structural change in economies will be imperative in coming decades. This book presents the research and analysis carried out during the first phase of the OECD Project on Sustainable Manufacturing and Eco-innovation. Its aim is to provide benchmarking tools on sustainable manufacturing and to spur eco-innovation through better understanding of innovation mechanisms. It reviews the concepts and forms an analytical framework; analyses the nature and processes of eco-innovation; discusses existing sustainable manufacturing indicators; examines methodologies for measuring eco-innovation; and takes stock of national strategies and policy initiatives for eco-innovation.
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9789264087859
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Belgien ; Governance ; Belgium ; Belgien ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for Belgium, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9789264082038
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.)
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report documents the initial step towards an electronically-delivered Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) test pioneered by Denmark, Iceland and Korea. In 2006, the PISA assessment of science included for the first time a computer-based test. The results discussed in this report highlight numerous challenges and encourage countries to take the work further. PISA Computer-Based Assessment of Student Skills in Science describes how the 2006 survey was administered, presents 15-year-olds’ achievement scores in science and explains the impact of information communication technologies on both males’ and females’ science skills. While males outperformed females on the computer-based test in all three countries, females in Iceland and males in Denmark performed better than their counterparts on the paper-and-pencil test. The evidence shows that, overall, males are more confident and use computers more frequently. While females tend to use the Internet more for social networking activities, males tend to browse the Internet, play games and download software. Readers will also learn how students reacted to the electronic questionnaire and how it compared with pencil-and-paper tests. In general, there were no group differences across test methods buts students enjoyed the computer-based test more than the paper-and-pencil test.
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264095090
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Better Regulation in Europe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Better regulation in Europe
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Irland ; Governance ; Ireland ; Irland ; Regulierung
    Abstract: This report maps and analyses the core issues which together make up effective regulatory management for the Ireland, laying down a framework of what should be driving regulatory policy and reform in the future. Issues examined include: strategy and policies for improving regulatory management; institutional capacities for effective regulation and the broader policy making context; transparency and processes for effective public consultation and communication; processes for the development of new regulations, including impact assessment and for the management of the regulatory stock, including administrative burdens; compliance rates, enforcement policy and appeal processes; and the multilevel dimension: interface between different levels of government and interface between national processes and those of the EU. This book is part of a project examining better regulation, being carried out in partnership with the European Commission.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264076945
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Agricultural Policies in OECD Countries 2009; Monitoring and Evaluation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politiques agricoles des pays de l'OCDE 2009 ; Suivi et évaluation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Agricultural Policies in OECD Countries 2009: Monitoring and Evaluation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Politiques agricoles des pays de l'OCDE 2009 : Suivi et évaluation
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: Die Agrarstützung ist in den OECD-Ländern insgesamt zurückgegangen: 2008 machte sie 21% der Bruttoeinnahmen der Landwirte aus – gegenüber 22% im Jahr 2007 und 26% im Jahr 2006 –, womit sie auf das niedrigste Niveau seit Mitte der 1980er Jahre gesunken ist. Agrarpolitik in den OECD-Ländern: Monitoring und Evaluierung 2009 zeigt auf, dass sich dieser Rückgang großenteils aus der Verringerung der Differenz zwischen den Inlands- und den Weltmarktpreisen für Agrarerzeugnisse erklärt. Bei der Entkopplung der Agrarstützung von der Produktion wurden Fortschritte erzielt, auch wenn produktionsgebundene Stützungsmaßnahmen immer noch eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Zudem sind im Ländervergleich große Unterschiede bei der Höhe sowie der Zusammensetzung der Agrarstützung festzustellen. Besonderes Augenmerk gilt den Auswirkungen der gegenwärtigen Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise auf die Landwirtschaft und den seitens der Politik in diesem Zusammenhang ergriffenen Maßnahmen. Die Landwirtschaft wird durch die Krise voraussichtlich weniger beeinträchtigt werden als viele andere Sektoren: Das Engagement des Agrarsektors auf den Finanzmärkten ist vergleichsweise gering, die Nachfrage reagiert weniger auf Einkommensrückgänge, und mit dem bestehenden Katalog an Stützungsmaßnahmen können die Auswirkungen der Krise in vielen Ländern abgefedert werden. Angesichts der schwieriger gewordenen Haushaltssituation, mit der sich die Regierungen konfrontiert sehen, wird es wahrscheinlich zu einer weiteren Neubeurteilung der Förderpolitik insgesamt und damit auch der Agrarstützung kommen. Weitere Themen dieses Berichts sind das 2008 verabschiedete neue Landwirtschaftsgesetz der Vereinigten Staaten, der „Gesundheitscheck“ der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik der Europäischen Union und der neue agrarpolitische Rahmen in Kanada, „Growing Forward“. Ein Sonderkapitel befasst sich mit Agrarumweltmaßnahmen in den OECD-Ländern.
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9789264095830
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Open for business
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Unternehmer ; Unternehmensgründung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services ; Aufsatzsammlung ; OECD ; Entrepreneurship ; Einwanderer ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Migrants contribute to the economic growth of their host countries in many ways, bringing new skills and competencies with them and helping to reduce labour shortages. An aspect that has received only limited attention up to now is migrants’ contribution to entrepreneurial activity and employment creation in their host countries. In OECD countries, entrepreneurship is slightly higher among immigrants than natives and the total number of persons employed in migrant businesses is substantial, although the survival rate of these businesses is often lower than that of their native counterparts. Migrant entrepreneurship has gone beyond traditional ethnic businesses, into a wide range of sectors and innovative areas. Greater knowledge of migrant entrepreneurship is essential if policy makers are to better support migrant enterprises and their role in economic growth and job creation. In addition, increasing awareness of the positive role that migrants can play as entrepreneurs could contribute to a more balanced public debate on immigration. Taking a cross-country perspective, this publication sheds light on these issues and more, discussing policy options to foster the development and success of migrant businesses. It is a compilation of papers presented at a June 2010 conference organised by the OECD Secretariat, with the financial support of the Swedish and Turkish authorities, and the Dutch-Turkish Businessmen Association (HOTIAD).
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9789264088931
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Higher Education in Regional and City Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Educación Superior en el Desarrollo Regional y Urbano; La Región del Bío-Bío, Chile 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Educación Superior en el Desarrollo Regional y Urbano: La Región del Bío-Bío, Chile 2010
    Keywords: Education ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Chile
    Abstract: The Bío Bío Region has pioneered regional development in Chile. It has a high concentration of higher education and research activity. Its universities and other higher education institutions have made significant progress in widening access to education. But challenges remain: the Bío Bío Region continues to suffer from brain drain as well as higher than average unemployment and poverty rates. How can the Bío Bío Region promote new business formation and the development of the existing small and medium-sized companies? What incentives are needed to improve higher education institutions’ regional and local orientation? How can higher education institutions move from knowledge generation towards knowledge transfer? This joint OECD and World Bank review explores a range of helpful policy measures and institutional reforms to mobilise higher education for the development of the Bío Bío Region. It is part of the series of the OECD reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development. These reviews help mobilise higher education institutions for economic, social and cultural development of cities and regions. They analyse how the higher education system impacts upon regional and local development and bring together universities, other higher education institutions and public and private agencies to identify strategic goals and to work towards them.
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789264089846
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (191 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Higher Education in Regional and City Development
    Keywords: Education ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Germany
    Abstract: Berlin is a creative city attracting talent from around the world. The Berlin Senate has made great strides in developing innovation as a pillar of its economy. But challenges remain: there is long-term unemployment, a low absorptive capacity in small and medium-sized enterprises and a large migrant population that lags behind in educational and labour market outcomes. How can Berlin’s higher education institutions capitalise on their long tradition of professionally relevant learning and research to transform social, economic and environmental challenges into assets and opportunities? What incentives are needed to improve higher education institutions´ regional and local orientation? This publication explores a range of helpful policy measures and institutional reforms to mobilise higher education for Berlin’s development. It is part of the series of the OECD reviews of Higher Education in Regional and City Development. These reviews help mobilise higher education institutions for economic, social and cultural development of cities and regions. They analyse how the higher education system impacts upon regional and local development and bring together universities, other higher education institutions and public and private agencies to identify strategic goals and to work towards them.
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  • 84
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2010/13
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  • 85
    Language: English
    Pages: 50 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.45
    Keywords: Governance ; European Union
    Abstract: How do Member States regulate their national public procurement systems below the EU thresholds and in areas not regulated in detail by the EU Directives? This paper provides the reader with an overview of different national policies, rules and procedures and presents common features and patterns in the regulatory approach of the countries covered. It will help Sigma partner countries design efficient and sound legal frameworks also outside the scope of the EU Directives. It may as well be of interest to the Member States themselves and to the international procurement community at large.
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  • 86
    Language: English
    Pages: 58 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Statistics Working Papers no.2010/03
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  • 87
    Language: English
    Pages: 42 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.46
    Keywords: Governance ; European Union
    Abstract: The aim of this paper is to explore the most problematic aspects of information access legal regimes and to provide some guidelines to policy makers, including legislators, governments and public administrators. The analysis is based on the comparison of Freedom of Information Acts (FOIAs) and their administrative/judicial enforcement in 14 EU member states and the EU institutions.
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  • 88
    ISBN: 9789264090972
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 442A ; Sensibilisation cutanée ; Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques; DA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 442A : Sensibilisation cutanée : Essai de stimulation locale des ganglions lymphatiques: DA
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The Local Lymph Node Assay: DA (LLNA: DA) is a non-radioactive modification to the LLNA method for identifying potential skin sensitizing test substances and measuring the proliferation of lymphocytes they induce in the auricular lymph nodes. The method, described in mouse (CBA/J strain), is based on measurement of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content by bioluminescence as an indicator of this proliferation. A minimum of four animals is used per dose group, with a minimum of three concentrations of the test substance, plus a concurrent negative control group and, if appropriate, a positive control group. The experimental schedule is during 8 days. The time from animal sacrifice to measurement of ATP should not exceed 30 min. The procedure from excision of lymph nodes to ATP measurement should be kept uniform for each animal and completed within 20 minutes. The luciferin/luciferase method is applied to measure the bioluminescence in Relative Luminescence Units (RLU). This study includes: measurements (weighing, RLU), and clinical daily observations. The results are expressed as the Stimulation Index (SI) obtained by calculation. The SI should be ¡Ý1.8 before further evaluation of the test material as a potential skin sensitizer is warranted.
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9789264091245
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (57 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Conflict and Fragility
    Keywords: Development ; Afghanistan
    Abstract: This report reviews the implementation in Afghanistan of the Principles for Good International Engagement in Fragile States and Situations two years after they were endorsed by ministers of the OECD Development Assistance Committee, and identifies priority areas to improve the collective impact of international engagement. The Afghanistan Country Report reflects the findings from a national consultation among stakeholders representing both national and international institutions, complemented by interviews and data collection.
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  • 90
    ISBN: 9789264090422
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (85 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Maladie, invalidité et travail ; Surmonter les obstacles ; Canada ; Des possibilités de collaboration
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Maladie, invalidité et travail : Surmonter les obstacles : Canada : Des possibilités de collaboration
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada
    Abstract: Sickness and disability policy reform has been a priority for OECD countries wanting to improve employment and social outcomes in this domain. The recent recession and corresponding fall in labour demand is expected to hit marginalised workers, including workers with health problems or disability, harder than the broader working-age population. There is a pressing need for policy makers to address the recent “medicalisation” of labour market problems, a phenomenon that appears to underlie much of the difficulties countries find in disability policy making. This report is an assessment of the Canadian situation, albeit through the lens of the federal government and the provinces of Québec, British Columbia and Manitoba. It looks at the current state of play following a decade of various reforms and preceding a period where further revisions are likely.
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  • 91
    Language: English
    Pages: 16 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD/ITF Joint Transport Research Centre Discussion Papers no.2010/11
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les perspectives du transport interurbain de personnes : Rapprocher les citoyens - 18ème Symposium international sur l'économie des transports et la politique
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  • 92
    Language: English
    Pages: 54 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Environment Working Papers no.13
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Debates exist between those who claim that environmental policy will impose additional burdens and costs on industries, thus impairing their competitiveness, and those who claim that improved environmental performance can spur competitiveness. These arguments often surface when new environmental policy regulation are considered, e.g. when the REACH Directive was introduced in Europe, or when a government is considering the introduction of a carbon tax. The report develops a conceptual framework to shed some light on this difficult debate. Competitiveness impacts of environmental policies may derive from the policy itself, or from the improvements of the environmental performance that derives from the policy. These impacts can be analysed at either firm or industry levels; they may differ over the short and long term. Globalisation, with the increasing role of MNEs and mobile capital and labour, is adding more complexity. This framework is used to decipher some of the messages that come out of empirical studies on these issues. Empirical evidence is mixed, and the paper identifies methodological and substantive reasons why empirical research fails to determine the relationship between environmental policy and competitiveness. Lessons derive from this literature review. Typically, even when implementing the environmental policy is clearly in the overall interest of society, the costs and benefits of the policy are unlikely to be equally shared among economic agents. While some win, individual firms or industries may stand to lose. Policy design should make sure that the adverse competitiveness impacts are not unnecessarily large, for example by paying attention to predictability, transition periods, and transaction costs. Specific measures to support the losers in their adjustment can also be developed. Sometimes measures to mitigate the adverse competitiveness impacts of an environmental policy are necessary to achieve political support for the policy. In those instances, the planned measures should be carefully analysed from several angles to ensure that they do not inadvertently hurt the efficiency and effectiveness of the original policy. More work is required to further explore these issues, which are consequential for the design, the implementation and the enforcement of environmental policies.
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789264084599
    Language: Arabic
    Pages: Online-Ressource (111 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Overcoming Barriers to Administrative Simplification Strategies; Guidance for Policy Makers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Surmonter les obstacles à la mise en œuvre des stratégies de simplification administrative ; Orientations destinées aux décideurs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Overcoming Barriers to Administrative Simplification Strategies: Guidance for Policy Makers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Surmonter les obstacles à la mise en œuvre des stratégies de simplification administrative : Orientations destinées aux décideurs
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Governments face the challenge of rationalising and minimising administrative burdens imposed by bureaucratic requirements. At the same time, they need to use administrative procedures as a source of information and a tool for implementing public policies. Administrative simplification strategies are designed to streamline procedures, reduce complexity, paperwork and uncertainty. This guide draws on the experience of, and policy dialogue between, member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Middle East and North African countries (MENA). It reviews common barriers to designing and implementing a strategy for administrative simplification and offers 22 approaches to overcome them, providing a synthesis of good practices among policy makers and practitioners working on cutting red tape.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Madrid : Oficina Española de Patentes y Marcas, Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade, Spain
    ISBN: 9788496113176
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (179 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Patent Statistics Manual
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manuel de l'OCDE sur les statistiques des brevets
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: La edición del Manual de estadísticas de patentes de la OCDE recoge los avances más recientes en este campo. Proporciona directrices para la utilización de los datos de patentes como indicadores de la ciencia y la tecnología, así como recomendaciones para la recopilación e interpretación de los indicadores de patente. Su objetivo es mostrar para qué pueden y para qué no pueden ser utilizadas las estadísticas de patentes, y cómo deben contabilizarse para obtener la mayor información acerca de las actividades de ciencia y tecnología (CyT) al tiempo que se reduzca el ruido estadístico y el sesgo. Finalmente, describe cómo los datos de patentes pueden emplearse en el análisis de una amplia colección de temas relacionados con el cambio técnico y la actividad de patentes, incluidos los vínculos entre industria-ciencia, estrategias de las empresas a la hora de patentar, internacionalización de la investigación e indicadores del valor de las patentes.
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  • 95
    ISBN: 9789264091368
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (374 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education; Santa Catarina State, Brazil 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Reviews of National Policies for Education: Santa Catarina State, Brazil 2010
    Keywords: Education ; Brazil
    Abstract: A educação é uma prioridade fundamental para o Estado de Santa Catarina. Os seus responsáveis pela elaboração de políticas estão firmemente empenhados no fornecimento de um sistema educacional adequado e eficiente, que atenda às exigências da economia global e que possibilite que o Estado ganhe em competitividade, tanto em âmbito nacional como internacional. Esta análise da OCDE apresenta uma breve visão global do setor da educação no Estado de Santa Catarina e das suas recentes evoluções. Realiza uma análise do sistema, desde a pré-escola até a educação superior e a aprendizagem continuada e identifica as principais diretrizes para uma reforma das políticas à luz dos desafios enfrentados pelas autoridades, comunidades, empresas, bem como pelos educadores, pais e alunos. Conclui com um conjunto de recomendações principais referentes à estrutura do sistema e sua relevância para o mundo do trabalho, ao acesso e equidade, à gestão e administração, à pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação, à internacionalização e ao financiamento. Este relatório será de utilidade para os profissionais catarinenses e de outros Estados, bem como para os seus homólogos no plano internacional.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Madrid : Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública (INAP), Spain
    ISBN: 9789264055735
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comparing Administrative Burdens across Countries
    Keywords: Governance ; Industry and Services ; Belgium ; Canada ; Denmark ; France ; Germany ; Italy ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Sweden ; Turkey
    Abstract: Reducir la burocracia para mejorar la actividad empresarial se ha vuelto una prioridad en los países de la OCDE. Este estudio piloto mide y compara internacionalmente las cargas administrativas en el sector de transporte por carretera en once países miembros de la OCDE: Alemania, Bélgica, Canadá, Dinamarca, Francia, Holanda, Italia, Noruega, Nueva Zelanda, Suecia y Turquía. El objetivo del ejercicio es doble: identificar las buenas prácticas y proporcionar aportaciones para la simplificación de las estrategias nacionales, y desarrollar y probar un modelo para la comparación internacional.La medición, la cuantificación y la elaboración de políticas basada en evidencia son características que están predominando la estrategia en muchos países. Al estandarizar la metodología para la medición nacional, se puede realizar comparaciones internacionales. Así se facilita la identificación de buenas prácticas, las cuales pueden ser usadas para desarrollar estrategias de simplificación.
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789264086982
    Language: Portuguese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (139 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. African Economic Outlook 2010
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Perspectives économiques en Afrique 2010
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: As Perspectivas Económicas em África avaliam, anualmente, a situação económica recente da maioria dos países africanos e a sua evolução provável a curto prazo. Esta versão portuguesa inclui os cinco países lusófonos e mais um CD-Rom com as análises do resto de países em inglês e francês. Os dados apresentados são baseados em estudos sobre países, articulados em torno de um tema único de análise. Esse quadro comum compreende um exercício de previsões para o ano em curso e para os dois anos seguintes, utilizando um modelo macroeconómico simples, assim como uma análise do contexto políticosocial. Apresenta também um sumário comparativo das perspectivas dos diversos países estudados, o qual permite situar a evolução das economias africanas dentro do contecto económico mundial. Um anexo estatístico completa este volume. Este estudo é fruto da colaboração entre o Banco Africano de Desenvolvimento, a Comissão Económica das Nações Unidas para a África e o Centro de Desenvolvimento da OCDE. O Centro de Desenvolvimento da OCDE gostaria de agradecer à Delegação de Portugal junto da OCDE e ao Instituto Português de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento (IPAD) pela sua generosa contribuição para a tradução e publicação deste documento.
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  • 98
    ISBN: 9789264094949
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (24 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. DAC Guidelines and Reference Series (series); Quality Standards for Development Evaluation (Arabic version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. DAC-Reihe Leitlinien und Grundsatztexte; Qualitätsstandards für die Entwicklungsevaluierung
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Quality Standards for Development Evaluation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Normes de qualité pour l'évaluation du développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. DAC Guidelines and Reference Series (series): Quality Standards for Development Evaluation (Arabic version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. DAC-Reihe Leitlinien und Grundsatztexte: Qualitätsstandards für die Entwicklungsevaluierung
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Basado en un extenso proceso internacional de consulta, los Estándares de Calidad para la Evaluación del Desarrollo constituyen una guía de referencia en cuanto a buenas prácticas de evaluación de desarrollo. Con el objeto de mejorar la calidad de los procesos y productos de evaluación, y facilitando la colaboración, esta guía de referencia establece normas en cada una de las fases que conforman un típico proceso de evaluación : desde la definición del propósito hasta la planificación, diseño, implementación, notificación y aprendizaje de los resultados de la evaluación.
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  • 99
    ISBN: 9787502365684
    Language: Chinese
    Pages: Online-Ressource (251 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manuel de Frascati 2002 ; Méthode type proposée pour les enquêtes sur la recherche et le développement expérimental
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002; Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Lithuanian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manual de Frascati 2002; Proposta de Práticas Exemplares para Inquéritos sobre Investigação e Desenvolvimento Experimental
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manuel de Frascati 2002 : Méthode type proposée pour les enquêtes sur la recherche et le développement expérimental
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Frascati Manual 2002: Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development (Lithuanian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Manual de Frascati 2002: Proposta de Práticas Exemplares para Inquéritos sobre Investigação e Desenvolvimento Experimental
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: The internationally recognized methodology for collecting and using R&D statistics, the Frascati Manual is an essential tool for statisticians worldwide. It includes definitions of basic concepts, data collection guidelines, and classifications for compiling statistics. This updated edition contains improved guidelines adjusted for chnges in OECD economies, including measurement of service-sector R&D, R&D globalisation, and R&D human resources.
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264070882
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (20 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 417; Toxicocinétique
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 417: Toxicocinétique
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes in vivo studies that provide information on mass balance, absorption, bioavailability, tissue distribution, metabolism, excretion, and basic toxicokinetic parameters [e.g. AUC], as well as supplemental approaches that may provide useful information on toxicokinetics. Information from toxicokinetic studies helps to relate concentration or dose to the observed toxicity and to understand its mechanism of toxicity. The test substance ("unlabelled" or "radiolabelled" forms) is normally administered by an oral route, but other routes of administration may be applicable. Single dose administration of the substance (preferably a minimum of two dose levels) may be adequate, but repeated dose may be needed in some circumstances. Toxicokinetic studies should preferably be carried out in the same species as that used in other toxicological studies performed with the substance (normally the rat, a minimum of 4 animals of one sex for each dose). Initial estimation of absorption can be achieved by mass balance determination, but further investigations such as intravenous (IV) administration and biliary excretion studies might be necessary. Bioavailability can be determined from plasma/blood kinetics of oral and IV groups. The percent of the total dose in tissues should at a minimum be measured at the termination of experiment,but additional time points may also be needed. Metabolites present at 5 % or greater of the administered dose should be identified. The rate and extent of excretion of the administered dose should be determined by measuring the percent recovered dose from urine, faeces and expired air.
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