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  • 1995-1999  (11)
  • ebrary, Inc  (5)
  • Oliveira Martins, Joaquim  (3)
  • Pigott, Charles  (3)
  • Economics  (11)
  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: 29 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.213
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: In this paper, we present estimates of the mark-up of product price over marginal costs for the US manufacturing industries over the 1970-1992 period. The paper extends the analysis used in previous studies based on nominal productivity residuals by considering intermediate inputs and cyclical fluctuations of price margins. The estimated steady-state mark-ups are positive but moderate, generally in the range of 10-20 per cent. The results also support the hypothesis of countercyclical price margins in most manufacturing industries, especially in the presence of downward rigidities of labour inputs. This offers an appealing interpretation of the otherwise puzzling procyclicality of real wages and enables to better estimate TFP. We also discuss the role of market structures on the levels and cyclicality of mark-ups. Finally, we compare the results for the United States with those of the other G-5 countries and distinguish between fragmented and segmented industries. The latter ...
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York, NY : Springer US | New York, NY : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9780585274454
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xi, 233 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Information Systems ; Economics ; Criminology ; Social sciences. ; Electronic data processing—Management. ; Operations research. ; Criminology. ; Business. ; Management science.
    Abstract: In a world where technology is continually advancing, and problems are becoming more and more complex, established practices for decision making and problem solving are no longer effective. In this new book, however, Enid Mumford draws on her wealth of experience in management, business schools, and working with the police and other professional problem solvers to show us how to tackle complex problems efficiently. With drugs and cyber-crime as her main examples Professor Mumford shows how these topical, yet apparently permanent problems, could be approached. She does this by looking at how the criminals themselves have overcome legal obstacles, and other problems to make the drug trafficking industry the second largest in the world today, and the relative newcomer, electronic fraud, a multi-billion dollar problem already. These crimes, which in themselves lead to more crime from petty theft to support a drug habit, to international money laundering, are incredibly complex, and yet the book shows us that there is not only a way forward with these issues, but a way to approach all complex problems with efficiency and competency, wherever they occur in our lives
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht, Netherlands : Kluwer Academic Publishers
    ISBN: 9780585353234
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xiii, 353 p) , ill., maps
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: GeoJournal Library 51
    DDC: 330.9
    Keywords: Geography ; International economics ; Economics
    Abstract: The Institutional Position of Seaports deals with the logic and functioning of international seaport administration. This volume not only contains interesting reading for public and private port administrators and managers but can offer by its international comparisons relevant insights for the deregulation, privatisation, liberalisation and deconcentration of former government duties. Every seaport hosts different port activities in which public and private actors interact in changing relations. There is a permanent question of how responsibilities among public port administrators and the private users of the port have been divided and institutionally anchored. The unique model of analysis as used in this research has been built up by the distinction in four different control relations between state and market. By means of this institutional model the division of responsibilities for nautical control, port planning and port services can be determined. The reader can also learn via this model about the specific conditions that are needed to activate the learning capabilities of the different port activities. The model of analysis can be applied to every seaport in the world. Audience: This book is essential for everyone who is in a public or private managing or policy-making position in a seaport. It can also be of great help to students in disciplines like maritime economics, strategic management, social geography and public administration; for example, to make them more aware of the specific role divisions and mechanisms between state and market in international seaports
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York, NY : Springer US | New York, NY : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9780585296012
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xiv, 265 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Clinical Sociology: Research and Practice
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Economics ; Sociology ; Sociology. ; Education. ; Business. ; Management science. ; Public health.
    Abstract: This book demonstrates how and why morality can result in extremist behavior and advocates what the author calls `critical idealism' as a way of life. The author discusses radical elements of the feminist, civil rights, and `medicalist' movements as examples of the contemporary drift toward intolerance and incivility and demonstrates how idealism can contribute to misleading and dangerous behavior in some cases but in the right hands can result in positive social action
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  • 5
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.192
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The separability between efficiency and equity is an underlying assumption in most computable general equilibrium (CGE) models used to assess the costs of carbon abatement. Chichilnisky and Heal (1994) have generated a debate on both the analytical correctness of this hypothesis as well as its precise policy implications. This technical note aims to clarify the determinants of cost efficiency in standard CGE abatement models. Some simulations are provided illustrating the separability property between an efficient outcome and the distribution of income across countries. In the context of an optimal abatement model, it is also shown under which conditions equity and efficiency are not separable anymore ...
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 51 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.191
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper examines several key issues concerning the implications for monetary policy of the achievement of low inflation in OECD countries during the 1990s. In particular, the analysis considers whether there have been improvements in monetary policy transmission mechanisms that lower inflation vulnerabilities, or make it easier to reduce inflation pressures when they arise; and the further benefits and costs likely to be involved in lowering inflation to zero, or in attempting to maintain a stable price level. The analysis supports three main observations. First, there have been significant changes, particularly in inflation expectations and in monetary policy frameworks, that should help in containing inflation and lowering the costs of doing so. However, except in the United States and the United Kingdom, there is little evidence yet of fundamental changes in wage and price behaviour underlying the flexibility of labour and product markets; although it is possible that this ...
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  • 7
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.188
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: In this paper, the authors analyse the role of asset market prices in the formation of monetary policy with particular reference to equity markets, a concern for policy makers in the late 1990s. While asset prices have potentially valuable supplementary information for monetary policy makers, they are hard to interpret because of their inherent volatility. Dilemmas arise when asset price movements are large and there are no signs of inflation pressures. Waiting until speculative pressures run their course risks both contagion to other sectors and assets and potentially damaging fallout from a correction. Tightening monetary policy in these circumstances (perhaps to avoid potential fallout on other sectors) would be difficult to justify to the public. In the current situation of low inflation (late 1997), various valuation measures suggest that equity markets are over-valued in the United States, Canada and Italy. Other countries are either at more intermediate positions ...
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9780585276243
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xviii, 323 p)
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Issues in Business Ethics 11
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Economics ; Political science ; Ethics. ; Business. ; Management science. ; Political science.
    Abstract: Education, Leadership and Business Ethics: New Essays on the Work of Clarence Walton includes a history and anecdotes of Clarence Walton's professional and personal life; a discussion of the controversial introduction of ethics into the field of management studies; contributions on a variety of subjects connected to leadership and business ethics from experts in the field; and critical essays reviewing Clarence's most recent work in social criticism. The book gives a history of the rise of the fields of business and society and business ethics, details the events leading to its acceptance in academic circles and gives personal accounts by Clarence Walton, one of the people most responsible for its creation. Intended target groups are students, former academic peers, and friends of Clarence Walton, as well as anyone interested in the history of business ethics or connected to Columbia University of America, or The American College
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.175
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper addresses the issue of whether covariation of long-term interest rates across G10 countries has increased in recent years and whether, as a consequence, interest rates have become less subject to the influence of national monetary authorities and domestic fundamentals. A conceptual framework based on the standard parity relations among country interest rates is described, and it is argued that historical trends in interest rates and their relations across countries can be understood reasonably well under this framework as the result of changing fundamentals and shifts in (internationally-priced) risk premia. The main empirical findings are that bilateral covariation of long-term interest rates has gone up in the 1990s among some European countries but there is no evidence of any substantial increase for countries with floating exchange rates. Variance decompositions and country-specific interest rate equations show little evidence of increasing interdependence of domestic ...
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York, NY : Springer US | New York, NY : Imprint: Springer
    ISBN: 9780585346496
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (xv, 476 p) , ill
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Economics ; Political science ; Sociology ; Labor economics. ; Sociology. ; Economics. ; Political science.
    Abstract: As China, Indonesia, Thailand, and Malaysia become world economic powers, questions arise regarding the fate of workers in these countries. This book examines the difficult road traveled by human rights movements in these nations when trying to create independent labor organizations free from governmental interference. The in-depth treatment includes: a worker's rights/labor standards model individumental interference comprehensive data tables on many aspects of the labor struggle ally crafted for each of these nations comprehensive data tables on many aspects of the labor struggle China's problems as it moves from complete state economic control to a modified form of capitalism
    Description / Table of Contents: PrologueChina -- The Political and Economic Background -- The Industrial Relations Scene: The Players, Problems, and Prospects -- The ACFTU, Labor Law, and Labor Reform -- The Law, Contracts, Strikes, and Dispute Settlement -- Worker Rights Issues -- Indonesia -- A Political, Economic, and Demographic Overview -- Unions, Employers, and Labor Market Developments -- The Legal Framework -- Labor Disputes and International Pressures -- Thailand -- The Institutional Background -- The Labor Law Framework -- Labor-Management Relations -- Worker Rights Issues -- International Developments -- Malaysia -- Political Events, Economic Facts, and Demographic Variables -- The Law and the Reality -- Labor Relations: Structure, Process, and Practice -- Unresolved Issues -- Malaysia and the World Scene -- Epilogue.
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 49 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.162
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper provides estimates of mark-ups of product prices over marginal costs for 36 manufacturing industries in 14 OECD countries over the 1970- 1992 period. The estimates are based on the methodology put forward by Roeger (1995), extended to include intermediate inputs. After a discussion of analytical and data issues, the estimates are presented and shown to be smaller than those of previous studies. It is also shown that the level and dispersion of mark-ups are consistent with a priori views about characteristics of the market structure prevailing in each industry. Finally, the paper examines how mark-up estimates affect the estimated rate of growth of total factor productivity (TFP) ...
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