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  • 2015-2019  (273)
  • OECD  (273)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (273)
  • Paris
  • Paris : Harmattan
  • Washington, D.C : The World Bank
  • Employment  (174)
  • Agriculture and Food  (99)
Datasource
Material
Years
Year
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris] : OECD | Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264484580
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Edition: Launch version
    Series Statement: OECD health policy studies
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The heavy burden of obesity
    Keywords: Körpergewicht ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; OECD ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Körpergewicht ; Fettsucht ; Übergewicht
    Abstract: Almost one in four people in OECD countries is currently obese. This epidemic has far-reaching consequences for individuals, society and the economy. Using microsimulation modelling, this book analyses the burden of obesity and overweight in 52 countries (including OECD, European Union and G20 countries), showing how overweight reduces life expectancy, increases healthcare costs, decreases workers' productivity and lowers GDP. The report makes the urgent economic case to scale up investments in policies to promote healthy lifestyles and tackle this growing global public health problem. The book evaluates a number of policies which could significantly improve health outcomes while being an excellent investment for countries.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 243-252
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264406940
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (86 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Getting skills right
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Financial incentives to promote adult learning in Australia
    Keywords: Erwachsenenbildung ; Lebenslanges Lernen ; Anreiz ; Australien ; Education ; Employment ; Australia ; Australien ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Bildungsfinanzierung
    Abstract: Australia requires a strong system of adult learning to position firms and workers to succeed as skill demand changes. The country has scope to improve the coverage and inclusiveness of its adult learning system as coverage has declined since 2012, and several vulnerable groups are under-represented. Financial incentives, if carefully designed, can raise participation in adult learning by addressing cost and time barriers. This report summarises the advantages and disadvantages with various financial incentives to promote adult learning based on international and Australian experience. Drawing from these insights, as well as analysis of individual and firm-level barriers, the report provides policy recommendations for how Australia could reform its financial incentives to boost participation.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264613201
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (169 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Tackling vulnerability in the informal economy
    Keywords: Informelle Wirtschaft ; Atypische Beschäftigung ; Schwarzarbeit ; Vulnerabilitätsanalyse ; Entwicklungsländer ; Schwellenländer ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Schattenwirtschaft
    Abstract: A majority of workers in the world are informally employed and contribute to economic and social development through market and non-market activities that are not protected, regulated, well-recognised or valued. This study provides an in-depth diagnosis of informality and the vulnerability prevailing in the informal economy. It explores new ideas to improve the lives of workers in the informal economy based on the ILO indicators of informality and the new OECD Key Indicators of Informality based on Individuals and their Household (KIIbIH). The report contributes in four ways to the global debate on the transition from the informal to the formal economy: 1) by examining the multiple faces of informality in a large sample of countries representing diverse conditions, locations and stages of development; 2) by presenting new empirical evidence on the links between informality and the development process; 3) by assessing risks and vulnerabilities in the informal economy, such as poverty and occupational risks, which can be mitigated with social protection and appropriate risk management instruments; 4) by showing that the transition to formality is a complex issue that touches on a wide range of policy domains.
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264617452 , 9789264312302 , 9789264930384
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (128 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Getting Skills Right
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Community education and training in South Africa
    Keywords: Erwachsenenbildung ; Südafrika ; Education ; Employment ; South Africa
    Abstract: Adult learning systems play a crucial role in helping people adapt to the changing world of work and develop relevant skills. Community Education and Training has been brought forward as a possible way to foster adult learning in South Africa, especially among disadvantaged groups. South Africa has a relatively large group of adults who have low levels of education and skills, and limited opportunities for skills development. This report looks at the potential role that Community Education and Training could play in South Africa, how the system should be financed, how to align the training offer with community needs, and how to ensure high-quality provision. The report provides international good practise examples and suggests actions that South African stakeholders might consider to develop the Community Education and Training system.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264489158 , 9789264584877 , 9789264554290
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital government review of Sweden
    Keywords: E-Government ; Schweden ; Agriculture and Food ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Behörde ; E-Government
    Abstract: This digital government review asseses the state of data-driven policies and initiatives in the Swedish public sector. It explores the underlying institutional governance and co-ordination arrangements for digital government in the country, and their impact on policy implementation. It also discusses data-sharing and managing initiatives, data governance and open government data practices. The review looks at how Sweden could better share knowledge, promote innovation and improve collaboration both across the public sector and with external stakeholders. Finally, it highlights how the government can use data to build a closer relationship with citizens in order to address policy challenges, improve public service delivery, and, ultimately, strengthen public trust.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264426924 , 9789264571235 , 9789264936621
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in Japan
    Keywords: Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Agrartechnik ; Innovation ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Ökologischer Landbau ; Japan ; Agriculture and Food ; Industry and Services ; Japan ; Japan ; Landwirtschaft ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Innovation ; Produktivität
    Abstract: In Japan, agriculture has been treated differently from other parts of the national economy. However, policy needs to evolve with new agricultural structures and the global trend towards more integrated value chains, enabling innovation and entrepreneurship in agriculture, and imposing a greater environmental responsibility on producers. Modern agriculture is a technology- and data-intensive industry, and Japan is well-positioned to introduce its competitive technology and skills to agriculture through building more collaborative agricultural innovation system.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264355637 , 9789264553392 , 9789264543676
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD Applying the OECD principles on water governance to floods
    Keywords: Überschwemmung ; Wasserpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Überschwemmung ; Wasserversorgung ; Politik
    Abstract: This report uses the OECD Principles on Water Governance as a tool for multi-stakeholder policy dialogue and practical assessment of the performance of flood governance systems. It applies the Principles to flood-prone contexts to help strengthen governance frameworks for managing the risks of “too much” water. By 2050, 1.6 billion people will be at risk of flooding, affecting nearly 20% of the world’s population at an increasing rate and many times over with dire social, economic and environmental consequences. In this report, a checklist is proposed as a self-assessment tool for stakeholders in flood management, based on lessons learned from 27 case studies that feature practical experiences and highlight common features and key challenges in flood governance.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789264637559 , 9789264850118 , 9789264558762
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation skills and leadership in Brazil's public sector
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Sektor ; Innovation ; Führungskräfte ; Brasilien ; Employment ; Governance ; Brazil
    Abstract: In Brazil, as in other countries, innovation in the public sector is a core leadership challenge. Reflection is required on who these leaders are, what they should be able to do, and how they should be selected and held accountable to achieve results. This study establishes a new assessment framework for senior civil service (SCS) systems, based on the 2019 OECD Recommendation on Public Service Leadership and Capability. Using this framework, the study assesses Brazil’s current system and recommends specific actions to improve it. The report also contributes to a broader debate on public leadership competencies in public sector innovation, and the systems needed to appoint the most effective people and help them achieve results.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264628267 , 9789264597044 , 9789264764361
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 Seiten)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Biodiversity
    Keywords: Artenvielfalt ; Finanzierung ; G7-Staaten ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Artenreichtum ; Biodiversität ; Finanzierung
    Abstract: The Convention on Biological Diversity’s 15th Conference of the Parties (CBD COP15) in 2020 marks a critical juncture for one of the defining global challenges of our time: the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, which underpin nearly all of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Transformative changes are needed to ensure biodiversity conservation and sustainable use and the delivery of the ecosystem services upon which all life depends. This report sets the economic and business case for urgent and ambitious action on biodiversity. It presents a preliminary assessment of current biodiversity-related finance flows, and discusses the key data and indicator gaps that need to be addressed to underpin effective monitoring of both the pressures on biodiversity and the actions (i.e. responses) being implemented. The report concludes with ten priority areas where G7 and other countries can prioritise their efforts.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris] : OECD | Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264900844 , 9789264561724 , 9789264851702
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Enhancing climate change mitigation through agriculture
    Keywords: Klimaschutz ; Agrarpolitik ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Agrarpolitik ; Weltlandwirtschaft ; Klimaschutz
    Abstract: Agriculture, with its growing contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions and opportunities to mitigate emissions, can help close the gap between existing global mitigation efforts and those that are needed to keep global warming to between 1.5 °C and 2 °C by the end of the century. Global scale and farm scale analyses are used to evaluate both the effectiveness of different policy options to reduce agricultural emissions, and the impact on competitiveness, farm income, food security, and government finances. In order to contribute to global mitigation efforts, countries will need to design agricultural policy measures that can navigate these trade-offs within the context of their national policy priorities and objectives. As most countries have not yet implemented policies to reduce emissions from agriculture, the analyses provided here come at an opportune time to inform this policy development.
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris] : OECD | Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264641297 , 9789264563414 , 9789264887855
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital opportunities for better agricultural policies
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Digitalisierung ; Landwirtschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Recent digital innovations provide opportunities to deliver better policies for the agriculture sector by helping to overcome information gaps and asymmetries, lower policy-related transaction costs, and enable people with different preferences and incentives to work better together. Drawing on ten illustrative case studies and unique new data gathered via an OECD questionnaire on agri-environmental policy organisations' experiences with digital tools, this report explores opportunities to improve current agricultural and agri-environmental policies, and to deliver new, digitally enabled and information-rich policy approaches. It also considers challenges that organisations may face to make greater use of digital tools for policy, as well as new risks which increased use of digital tools may bring. The report provides practical advice on how policy makers can address challenges and mitigate risks to ensure digital opportunities for policy are realised in practice. Finally, the report briefly considers the broader regulatory and policy environment underpinning digitalisation of the agriculture sector, with the view to ensuring that use of digital tools for agricultural and agri-environmental policy remains coherent with the digitalisation of agriculture more generally.
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264995833
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (300 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Settling In 2018: Indicators of Immigrant Integration
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Trouver ses marques 2018 : Les indicateurs de l'intégration des immigrés
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Diese Gemeinschaftspublikation von OECD und Europäischer Kommission bietet einen vergleichenden Überblick über die Integrationsergebnisse von Migranten und ihren Kindern in sämtlichen EU- und OECD-Ländern sowie ausgewählten G20-Ländern. Sie basiert auf 74 Indikatoren zu 3 Themenbereichen: Beschäftigung und Kompetenzen, Lebensbedingungen sowie bürgerschaftliches Engagement und soziale Integration. Detaillierte Daten zu den Merkmalen der Zuwandererbevölkerung und der Zuwandererhaushalte ermöglichen die bessere Einordnung dieses Vergleichs. In drei Sonderkapiteln geht es um geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede bei der Integration der Zugewanderten, junge Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund und Drittstaatsangehörige in der Europäischen Union.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264673663 , 9789264483224 , 9789264919594
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Policy responses to new forms of work
    Keywords: Beschäftigungssystem ; Selbstständige ; Digitale Plattform ; Arbeitsvertrag ; Sozialpolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Arbeitsvertrag ; Selbstständige Arbeit ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: This report provides a snapshot of the policy actions being taken by OECD, EU and G20 countries in response to growing diversity in forms of employment, with the aim of encouraging peer learning where countries are facing similar issues. It shows that many countries are reflecting on whether existing policies and institutions are capable of addressing effectively the current (and future) challenges of a rapidly changing world of work. In recent years, many countries have seen the emergence of, and/or growth in, particular labour contract types that diverge from the standard employment relationship (i.e. full-time dependent employment of indefinite duration). These include temporary and casual contracts, as well as own-account work and platform work. Several countries have also seen growth in false self-employment, where employers seek to evade tax and regulatory dues and obligations. These changes are driving policy makers worldwide to review how policies in different areas – labour market, skills development, social protection – can best respond. How can policymakers balance the flexibility offered by a diversity of employment contracts, on the one hand, with protection for workers and businesses, on the other?
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264150065 , 9789264311978 , 9789264537385
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Getting Skills Right
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Adult learning in Italy
    Keywords: Erwachsenenbildung ; Bildungsfinanzierung ; Italien ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Italy ; Italien ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Bildungsfinanzierung
    Abstract: While Italy has made major progress in the past decade to up-skill its population and workers, further efforts are needed to improve access to good quality adult learning opportunities. Training funds represent one important tool through which Italy could face the pressures brought about by the mega-trends, and equip adults and workers with the skills needed to thrive in the labour market and society. This report analyses how training funds are designed, used, and monitored, and provides actionable policy recommendations to ensure that they are put to their most effective use.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264661769 , 9789264671805 , 9789264653078
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Connecting People with Jobs
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strengthening active labour market policies in Italy
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Italien ; Employment ; Italy ; Italien ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Abstract: This report on Italy is the sixth country study published in a series of reports looking into how policies connect people with jobs. It discusses how active labour market policies in Italy are performing both on the national and the regional level, focussing particularly on the reform process in the system of public employment services initiated by the Jobs Act. The ongoing reform has good potential to improve the performance of employment services in Italy, particularly if the stakeholders of the system cooperate to establish a binding performance management framework and develop national IT infrastructure supporting the tasks of the local offices to serve jobseekers and employers. The National Agency for Active Labour Market Policies has a key role in encouraging the cooperation between the stakeholders, leading the development of new tools and methodologies and thus supporting the local employment offices to implement the new service model. Besides the general reform process, the review looks at some specific approaches regarding providing employment services in Italy – using jobseeker profiling tools to target active labour market policies; increasing quality and capacity of employment services by contracting out employment services to private service providers; and reaching out to employers and advancing demand-side services.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789264790476 , 9789264865747 , 9789264638860
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD Ministerial Conference on SMEs (3. : 2018 : Mexiko, Stadt) Strengthening SMEs and entrepreneurship for productivity and inclusive growth
    Keywords: KMU ; Entrepreneurship ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Gründungsförderung ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Employment ; Industry and Services ; Konferenzschrift 2018 ; OECD ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Mittelstandsförderung
    Abstract: SMEs that grow have a considerable positive impact on employment creation, innovation, productivity growth and competitiveness. Digital technologies and global value chains offer new opportunities for SMEs to participate in the global economy, innovate and strengthen productivity. Yet SMEs are lagging behind in the digital transition and are disproportionately affected by market failures, trade barriers, policy inefficiencies and the quality of institutions. A cross-cutting approach to SME policy can enhance SME innovation and scale-up, as well as their contributions to inclusive growth. This includes a business environment conducive to risk-taking and experimentation by entrepreneurs, as well as access to entrepreneurship competencies, management and workforce skills, technology, innovation, and networks.
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264613072 , 9789264370968 , 9789264343221
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (114 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Investing in Youth
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investing in youth
    Keywords: Bildungsinvestition ; Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Jugendliche ; Jugendpolitik ; Südkorea ; Employment ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: The series Investing in Youth builds on the expertise of the OECD on youth employment, social support and skills. It covers both OECD countries and key emerging economies. The report on Korea presents new results from a comprehensive analysis of the situation of young people in Korea, exploiting various sources of survey-based and administrative data. It provides a detailed assessment of education, employment and social policies in Korea from an international perspective, and offers tailored recommendations to help improve the school-to-work transition. Earlier reviews in the same series have looked at youth policies in Brazil (2014), Latvia and Tunisia (2015), Australia, Lithuania and Sweden (2016), Japan (2017), Norway (2018), and Finland and Peru (2019).
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264977419 , 9789264504684 , 9789264535442
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pharmaceutical residues in freshwater
    Keywords: Arzneimittel ; Wasserversorgung ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Wasserverschmutzung ; Arzneimittel
    Abstract: This report calls for a better understanding of the effects of pharmaceutical residues in the environment, greater international collaboration and accountability distribution, and policy actions to prevent and remedy emerging concerns. Laboratory and field tests show traces of oral contraceptives causing the feminisation of fish and amphibians, and residues of psychiatric drugs altering fish behaviour. Antimicrobial resistance, linked to the overuse of antibiotics, has rapidly escalated into a global health crisis. Unless adequate measures are taken to manage the risks, pharmaceutical residues will increasingly be released into the environment as ageing populations, advances in healthcare, and intensification of meat and fish production spur the demand for pharmaceuticals worldwide. The report outlines a collective, life-cycle approach to managing pharmaceuticals in the environment. A policy mix of source-directed, use-orientated and end-of-pipe measures, involving several policy sectors, can help to improve health and protect the environment.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264770065 , 9789264869721 , 9789264319837
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (105 Seiten)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trends and drivers of agri-environmental performance in OECD countries
    Keywords: Umweltbelastung ; Landwirtschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Development
    Abstract: This report updates the data published in the 2015 OECD Compendium of Agri-environmental Indicators to present a summary of the environmental performance of agriculture in OECD countries as of end-2015. It also includes new and innovative material to further strengthen its relevance as a reference document. In particular, the four thematic chapters each cover a targeted set of indicators for which data coverage is generally more consistent across time in OECD countries and that capture the main pressures agriculture exerts on the environment. The thematic chapters cover the following areas: the interlinked issues of land use, pesticides and farmland birds; ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions, the main air pollutants from agricultural activities; nitrogen and phosphorus balances, two indicators that signal air and water pollution; and water use and irrigation in agriculture.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Rome, Italy] : published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development | Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264637504 , 9789251316474
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (v, 57 Seiten) , Diagramme, Karten
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This report, prepared by FAO and the OECD with inputs from ERIA, IFPRI, IFAD, and WTO, has been submitted to the G20 Presidency of Japan in response to the Presidency’s request for background notes on Sustainable, Productive and Resilient Agro-Food Systems: value chains, human capital, and the 2030 Agenda.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264921962 , 9789264392229 , 9789264732896
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Building an EU talent pool
    Keywords: Hochqualifizierte Arbeitskräfte ; Migranten ; Migrationspolitik ; EU-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Industry and Services ; Europäische Union ; Migrationspolitik ; Hochqualifizierter Beruf
    Abstract: How can the European Union become more attractive for talented professionals looking for job opportunities worldwide? Can EU-level action support employers, private and public stakeholders in each Member State to better leverage international recruitment into the Single Market? This report presents a new overview of the obstacles that continue to hamper the attraction and recruitment of skills from outside Europe, and discusses the role of both public and private initiatives to help overcome these barriers. It provides a comparative analysis of the Expression of Interest (EoI) system of migration management as implemented in Australia, Canada and New Zealand, and assesses its potential to address the needs of the European labour migration system. The report presents several options and variants for adapting the EoI, step by step and EU-wide, and examines their feasibility, constraints and advantages.
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  • 22
    ISBN: 9789264351349 , 9789264970687 , 9789264925939
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (400 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Good Jobs for All in a Changing World of Work: The OECD Jobs Strategy
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: La révolution numérique, la mondialisation et l’évolution démographique transforment les marchés du travail au moment où les responsables publics sont aux prises avec une croissance atone de la productivité et des salaires et de fortes inégalités de revenu. La nouvelle Stratégie de l'OCDE pour l’emploi propose un cadre d’action complet et des recommandations en vue d’aider les pays à relever ces défis. Elle va au-delà de l'aspect quantitatif de l'emploi pour faire de la qualité des emplois et de l'inclusivité du marché du travail des priorités essentielles de l’action publique, tout en mettant l'accent sur l'importance de la résilience et de l'adaptabilité pour assurer le bon fonctionnement de l'économie et du marché de l'emploi, dans un monde du travail en mutation rapide. Le message clé est que des politiques renforçant la flexibilité sur les marchés des produits et du travail sont nécessaires mais pas suffisantes. Des politiques et des institutions qui protègent les travailleurs, favorisent l'inclusion et permettent aux travailleurs et aux entreprises de tirer le meilleur parti des changements en cours sont également nécessaires pour promouvoir des résultats bons et durables. « Avec sa nouvelle Stratégie pour l’emploi, l'OCDE fait le point, de façon intelligente et judicieuse, sur les moyens que les pays doivent utiliser pour atteindre l’objectif d’une prospérité partagée. J’espère que les décideurs du monde entier vont non seulement la lire mais aussi mettre en pratique ses conseils avisés. » Jason Furman, Professeur à la Harvard Kennedy School et ancien Président du Comité des conseillers économiques du Président Barack Obama. « Les inégalités, la précarité économique et l’exclusion font la une de l’actualité. La colère gronde et le populisme gagne du terrain. Que peut-on faire ? Quelles stratégies adopter ? Telles sont les questions essentielles que passe en revue le nouveau rapport sur la Stratégie pour l’emploi de l'OCDE. J'espère qu’il permettra d’amorcer les débats très sérieux que ces questions méritent. » Olivier Blanchard, Senior Fellow au Peterson Institute, Professeur émérite au MIT et ancien Chef économiste du FMI.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264524538 , 9789264850866 , 9789264362574
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Negotiating our way up
    Keywords: Tarifverhandlungen ; Tarifvertrag ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; OECD ; Tarifpolitik ; Tarifverhandlung ; Tarifvertrag
    Abstract: Collective bargaining and workers’ voice are often discussed in the past rather than in the future tense, but can they play a role in the context of a rapidly changing world of work? This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the functioning of collective bargaining systems and workers’ voice arrangements across OECD countries, and new insights on their effect on labour market performance today. The publication provides a detailed review of existing collective bargaining institutions and workers’ voice arrangements. It analyses the role of these institutions for employment, wages, labour market inclusiveness, as well as non-monetary aspects of job quality. The publication also discusses how collective bargaining can be mobilised to address emerging challenges in the labour market, and identifies the type of government intervention that may be required to do this. The report provides a resource for policy makers, trade unions and employers’ organisations interested in understanding how collective bargaining and workers' voice can be used to complement public regulation in shaping ever-changing labour markets.
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  • 24
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264716742 , 9789264572485 , 9789264762886
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Measuring distance to the SDG targets 2019
    DDC: 338.927
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Mitgliedsstaaten ; Vereinte Nationen Generalversammlung Sustainable Development Goals
    Abstract: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set a broad and ambitious programme for the world to achieve by 2030. With 17 Goals, underpinned by 169 Targets, the complex and integrated nature of the 2030 Agenda presents national governments with huge challenges for implementation. To assist countries, the OECD has developed a unique methodology allowing comparison of progress across SDG goals and targets. Based on the UN Global List of 244 indicators, this study evaluates the distance that OECD countries need to travel to meet SDG targets for which data is currently available. This 2019 edition of the study presents the latest results for OECD countries, both on average and individually, as well as new exploratory approaches to assessing progress over time and transboundary aspects of the SDGs. By providing a high-level overview of countries’ strengths and weaknesses in performance across the SDGs, this study aims to support member countries in navigating the SDGs and in setting their own priorities for action within the broad 2030 Agenda.
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  • 25
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264751064
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Good Practice for Good Jobs in Early Childhood Education and Care
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Die Gewinnung und Bindung von Fachkräften stellt im Bereich der frühkindlichen Bildung, Betreuung und Erziehung (FBBE) seit geraumer Zeit eine Herausforderung dar. Den OECD-Ländern ist es zunehmend wichtig, dass FBBE-Fachkräfte ein hohes Qualifikationsniveau besitzen, doch führen Niedriglöhne, ein geringes Ansehen, fehlende öffentliche Anerkennung, schlechte Arbeitsbedingungen und begrenzte berufliche Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten dazu, dass die Personalgewinnung und -bindung sich häufig schwierig gestalten. Was können die einzelnen Länder tun, um einen Bestand an hochqualifizierten und gut ausgebildeten FBBE-Fachkräften aufzubauen? Welches ist der beste Weg, um die Kompetenzen der Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter zu erhöhen, ohne dabei den Fachkräftemangel zu verstärken? Wie können die Länder angesichts begrenzter Ressourcen die Löhne anheben und die Arbeitsbedingungen verbessern? Auf der Grundlage früherer Arbeiten der OECD zum Thema frühkindliche Bildung, Betreuung und Erziehung und Erfahrungen aus OECD-Ländern stellt dieser Bericht bewährte Maßnahmen für bessere FBBE-Arbeitsplätze und den Ausbau des Bestands hochqualifizierter Arbeitskräfte vor.
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  • 26
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264313835 , 9789264613645 , 9789264546431
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Stratégie 2019 de l'OCDE sur les compétences : Des compétences pour construire un avenir meilleur
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Estrategia de Competencias de la OCDE 2019 : Competencias para construir un futuro mejor
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD skills strategy 2019
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Qualifikation ; Erwachsenenbildung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Skills Strategy provides a strategic and comprehensive approach for ensuring that people and countries have the skills to thrive in a complex, interconnected and rapidly changing world. The updated 2019 OECD Skills Strategy takes account of the lessons learned from applying the original skills strategy in 11 countries since 2012, while also incorporating new OECD evidence about the skills implications of megatrends, such as globalisation, digitalisation, population ageing, and migration. The Strategy also incorporates new learning from across the OECD about skills policies that work in these three broad components: developing relevant skills over the life course, using skills effectively in work and society, and strengthening the governance of skills systems.
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  • 27
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264303799 , 9789264306813 , 9789264305915
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Government at a glance Southeast Asia 2019
    Keywords: Öffentliche Finanzen ; Regierung ; Transparenz ; E-Government ; Öffentlicher Dienst ; Südostasien ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: Government at a Glance Southeast Asia 2019 is the first edition in the Government at a Glance series for the region. It provides the latest available data on public administrations in the 10 ASEAN member countries: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. This publication includes indicators on public finance and economics, public employment, budget practices and procedures, strategic human resources management, digital government, open government and citizen satisfaction with public services. Where possible, these data were compared against the OECD average and that of the neighbouring OECD member countries, such as Australia, Korea, Japan and New Zealand. Each indicator in the publication is presented in a user-friendly format, consisting of graphs and/or charts illustrating variations across countries and over time, brief descriptive analyses highlighting the major findings conveyed by the data, and a methodological section on the definition of the indicator and any limitations in data comparability.
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  • 28
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264305823
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Investing in Youth
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investing in youth
    Keywords: Bildungsinvestition ; Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Jugendliche ; Jugendpolitik ; Peru ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Peru
    Abstract: The present report on Peru is part of the series on "Investing in Youth", which builds on the expertise of the OECD on youth employment, social support and skills. This series covers both OECD countries and countries in the process of accession to the OECD, as well as some emerging economies. The report provides a detailed diagnosis of youth policies in the areas of social, employment, education and training policies. Its main focus is on young people who are not in employment, education or training (the "NEETs"). Earlier reviews in the same series have looked at youth policies in Brazil (2014), Latvia and Tunisia (2015), Australia, Lithuania and Sweden (2016), Japan (2017), and Norway (2018).
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 29
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264606784
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (106 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD reviews on local job creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Indigenous employment and skills strategies in Australia
    Keywords: Erwerbstätigkeit ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Indigene Völker ; Australien ; Education ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Australia ; Australien ; Indigenes Volk ; Beschäftigungsstruktur ; Fähigkeit
    Abstract: Innovative ways of working with Indigenous Australians are needed to improve their employment prospects, especially as many work in jobs that are most likely to be impacted by digitalisation and automation in the future. This report considers both quantitative and qualitative data regarding employment, skills, and entrepreneurship opportunities for Indigenous Australians. A number of case studies were undertaken with employment and training providers in the cities of Sydney and Perth to gain insights into the delivery of employment and skills programmes targeted to Indigenous Australians. The report highlights critical success factors to better link Indigenous Australians to high quality jobs while also providing recommendations regarding future employment and skills programming.
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  • 30
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264744202 , 9789264522008 , 9789264728882
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (117 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Investing in Youth
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investing in youth
    Keywords: Bildungsinvestition ; Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Jugendliche ; Jugendpolitik ; Finnland ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Finland ; Finnland ; Jugendpolitik ; Bildungspolitik ; Junger Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: The series Investing in Youth builds on the expertise of the OECD on youth employment, social support and skills. It covers both OECD countries and key emerging economies. The report on Finland presents new results from a comprehensive analysis of the situation of young people in Finland, exploiting various sources of survey-based and administrative data. It provides a detailed assessment of education, employment and social policies in Finland from an international perspective, and offers tailored recommendations to help improve the school-to-work transition. Earlier reviews in the same series have looked at youth policies in Brazil (2014), Latvia and Tunisia (2015), Australia, Lithuania and Sweden (2016), Japan (2017), Norway (2018) and Peru (2019).
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  • 31
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264313705 , 9789264313699 , 9789264311695
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Políticas Agrícolas en Argentina
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Agricultural policies in Argentina
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Argentinien ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Argentina
    Abstract: The Food and Agriculture Reviews provide a comprehensive assessment of agricultural policies and calculate a set of policy indicators developed by the OECD. These indicators are regularly used in the analysis of the agriculture and food sector in OECD countries and several emerging economies. This review analyses both the indicators available for Argentina and the main agricultural policy areas, such as trade, innovation, sustainability, risk management and value chains. It also provides a series of policy recommendations. Argentina’s agricultural sector has undergone a considerable innovation process over the last two decades. This transformation was mostly led by a dynamic and pro-active private sector often subject to policies providing negative support via export restrictions and taxes. The rapid adoption of technologies, such as improved varieties and no-till farming, and organisational innovations have contributed to increasing the Total Factor Productivity of crops. Government focus on providing such general services as research, extension, and animal and plant health has facilitated innovation as has the proactive management of risks by farmers. Nevertheless, environmental pressures are increasing with deforestation and the use of pesticides.
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  • 32
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264526921 , 9789264912045 , 9789264662476
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (265 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Connecting People with Jobs
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Evaluating Latvia's active labour market policies
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Lettland ; Employment ; Latvia ; Lettland ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Beschäftigungspolitik
    Abstract: This report on Latvia is the fifth country study published in a series of reports looking into how policies connect people with jobs. It focuses on Latvia's long-term unemployed and those at risk of long-term unemployment. The report analyses linked administrative microdata to evaluate quantitatively the impact of activation policies elaborated in Latvia’s Inclusive Employment Strategy 2015-2020. More specifically, it assesses the effectiveness of training measures, employment subsidies and a programme promoting regional mobility. This report derives policy lessons from the empirical results to help the Latvian authorities adjust the activation strategies and measures in order to strengthen labour market participation of the unemployed and improve their labour market outcomes, helping them move into more productive and better quality jobs.
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  • 33
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264509009
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (45 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Trade
    Abstract: This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It comprises explanatory notes and high quality photographs to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the Chicory standard. It is thus a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade of Chicory.
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  • 34
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264900776 , 9789264446922 , 9789264931398
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (185 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Kanada ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada ; Kanada ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Ausländische Arbeitnehmerin ; Migrationspolitik
    Abstract: Canada has not only the largest in terms of numbers, but also the most elaborate and longest-standing skilled labour migration system in the OECD. Largely as a result of many decades of managed labour migration, more than one in five people in Canada is foreign-born, one of the highest shares in the OECD. 60% of Canada’s foreign-born population are highly educated, the highest share OECD-wide. The recent introduction of Express Entry, a two-step selection system based on an initial pre-sreening of suitable candidates who enter a pool by Expression of Interest and subsequent selection of the most skilled candidates from the pool, has further enhanced the competitive edge of the selection system relative to other countries. It also ensures that those with the skills to succeed are admitted to Canada in a quick and efficient way. Core to Canada's success is not only the elaborate selection system itself, but also the innovation and infrastructure around it, which ensures constant testing, monitoring and adaptation of its parameters. This includes a comprehensive and constantly improving data infrastructure, coupled with the capacity to analyse it, and swift policy reaction to new evidence and emerging challenges.
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  • 35
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264332829 , 9789264799004 , 9789264811072
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Skills matter
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Arbeitskräfte ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Algeria ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Ecuador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Peru ; Poland ; Russian Federation ; Singapore ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States ; OECD ; Arbeitnehmer ; Berufliche Qualifikation
    Abstract: In the wake of the technological revolution that began in the last decades of the 20th century, labour-market demand for information-processing and other high-level cognitive and interpersonal skills have been growing substantially. Based on the results from the 33 countries and regions that participated in the 1st and 2nd round of the Survey of Adult Skills in 2011-12 and in 2014-15, this report describes adults’ proficiency in three information-processing skills, and examines how proficiency is related to labour-market and social outcomes. It also places special emphasis on the results from the 3rd and final round of the first cycle of PIAAC in 2017-18, which included 6 countries (Ecuador, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Peru and the United States). The Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), was designed to provide insights into the availability of some of these key skills in society and how they are used at work and at home. The first survey of its kind, it directly measures proficiency in three information-processing skills: literacy, numeracy and problem-solving in technology-rich environments.
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  • 36
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264639010 , 9789264908208 , 9789264980891
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (211 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD skills strategy Poland
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Qualifikation ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Polen ; Education ; Employment ; Poland
    Abstract: Skills are the key to shaping a better future. Skills are central to the capacity of countries and people to thrive in an increasingly interconnected and rapidly changing world. Megatrends such as globalisation, technological advance and demographic change are reshaping work and society, generating a growing demand for higher levels of skills, as well as new sets of skills. OECD Skills Strategy projects provide a strategic and comprehensive approach to assess countries’ skills challenges and opportunities, and build more effective skills systems. The OECD works collaboratively with countries to develop policy responses that are tailored to each country’s specific skills needs. The foundation of this approach is the OECD Skills Strategy framework, which allows for an exploration of what countries can do better to i) develop relevant skills over the life course, ii) use skills effectively in work and in society, and iii) strengthen the governance of the skills system. This report, OECD Skills Strategy Poland: Assessment and Recommendations, identifies opportunities and recommends actions to make the education system more reponsive to labour market needs, foster participation in adult learning, increase the use of skills in workplaces and strengthen the governance of the skills system in Poland.
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  • 37
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264523531 , 9789264385139 , 9789264562165
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The survey of adult skills
    Keywords: Erwachsene ; Qualifikation ; Bildungsniveau ; Erwachsenenbildung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Ecuador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Peru ; Poland ; Russian Federation ; Singapore ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States ; OECD ; Erwachsener ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Qualifikation
    Abstract: This edition of the Reader’s Companion accompanies Skills Matter: Additional Results from the Survey of Adult Skills that reports the results from the 39 countries and regions that participated in the 3 rounds of data collection in the first cycle of PIAAC, with a particular focus on the 6 countries that participated in the third round of the study (Ecuador, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Peru and the United States). It describes the design and methodology of the survey and its relationship to other international assessments of young students and adults. The Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), was designed to provide insights into the availability of some key skills in society and how they are used at work and at home. The first survey of its kind, it directly measures proficiency in several information-processing skills – namely literacy, numeracy and problem solving in technology-rich environments.
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9789264913608 , 9789264386464 , 9789264424371
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Novel Food and Feed Safety
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Safety assessment of foods and feeds derived from transgenic crops ; volume 3: Common bean, rice, cowpea and apple compositional considerations
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: This volume compiles the consensus documents developed by the OECD Working Group for the Safety of Novel Foods and Feeds from 2015 to 2019. It deals with the composition of common bean, rice, cowpea and apple, four important crops for agriculture and food consumption worldwide. The science-based information collated here is intended for use during the regulatory assessment of food/feed products derived from modern biotechnology, i.e. issued from transgenic plants. Compositional considerations are provided for each species, including tables detailing the key nutrients, anti-nutrients, possible toxicants, allergens and other metabolites contained in the products. This essential information and solid data can be used in the comparative approach as part of the novel food/feed safety assessment. It should be of value to crop breeders and applicants for commercial uses of novel foods and feeds, to regulators and risk assessors in national authorities, as well as the wider scientific community. More information can be found at BioTrack Online.
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  • 39
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    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264603806 , 9789264311879 , 9789264685840
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Agricultural Policies in Argentina
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Argentina
    Abstract: Las Revisiones de Políticas Agroalimentarias proporcionan una evaluación exhaustiva de las políticas agrícolas de cada país y el cálculo de un conjunto de indicadores desarrollados por la OCDE. Estos indicadores se utilizan regularmente en el análisis de la agricultura y sector alimentario en los países de la OCDE y de varias economías emergentes. Este informe incluye el análisis y los indicadores correspondientes a Argentina, integrando los principales aspectos de la política agroalimentaria como la política comercial, la innovación, la sostenibilidad, la gestión de riesgos y las cadenas de valor, y proporciona recomendaciones de política. El sector agropecuario de Argentina ha experimentado un proceso de innovación notable en las últimas dos décadas. Esta transformación ha sido liderada principalmente por un sector privado dinámico y proactivo, a pesar de estar sujeto a políticas de apoyo negativo tales como las restricciones y los impuestos a la exportación. La rápida adopción de tecnologías como las semillas mejoradas y la siembra directa, e innovaciones organizacionales han contribuido a aumentar la Productividad Total de los Factores en los cultivos. Los apoyos presupuestarios se han centrado en la prestación de servicios generales tales como investigación, extensión y sanidad agropecuaria, facilitando la innovación y la gestión proactiva de los riesgos. Las presiones ambientales están en aumento con el crecimiento del uso de pesticidas y la deforestación. Las producciones fuera de la región pampeana acumulan un retraso en productividad e innovación.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264944152 , 9789264915039 , 9789264446014
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (235 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Higher Education in Mexico: Labour Market Relevance and Outcomes
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Mexico
    Abstract: El número de estudiantes de educación superior en México se duplicó en la década pasada y cada año más de medio millón de egresados de este nivel se incorporan al mercado laboral. Encontrar empleo adecuado es difícil y un gran número de jóvenes egresados universitarios trabajan en puestos para los cuales están sobrecalificados o consiguen empleos sin seguridad social ni cobertura de pensión. México no es el único país en esta situación. En muchas naciones de la OCDE, los resultados de la educación superior, menores a lo esperado, son una desilusión para los graduados y sus familias, quienes desearían obtener empleos de buena calidad y con buenos ingresos como respuesta a su inversión formativa. La baja rentabilidad es también una preocupación para los gobiernos, que gastan en el desarrollo de competencias para impulsar la productividad y la innovación a escalas nacional y regional. Para responder a estas inquietudes, la OCDE ha emprendido un análisis exhaustivo de los resultados y la relevancia de los sistemas de educación superior para el mercado laboral. El objetivo es ayudar a los países a mejorar las políticas públicas y las prácticas institucionales mediante un conocimiento más amplio de las capacidades y los obstáculos existentes, y las recomendaciones que ayuden a cerrar esas brechas. México fue una de las primeras naciones en sumarse a este ejercicio, junto con Noruega y Estados Unidos de América.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264845930 , 9789264565388 , 9789264574397
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Regions in industrial transition
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Regionalentwicklung ; Industrieregion ; Alte Industrieregion ; Regionalpolitik ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; Regionale Wirtschaftsplanung ; Regionale Wirtschaftsförderung ; Industriepolitik
    Abstract: This report offers guidance on how to manage industrial transition and is directed towards all policymakers seeking to improve the “what” and “how” of policies that promote industrial change. It identifies how regions in industrial transition can become more competitive and more resilient in the context of major shifts brought about by globalisation, decarbonisation and ongoing technological change. It takes stock of discussions emanating from a series of peer-learning workshops jointly organised in 2018 by the European Commission and the OECD. The report presents a number of implementation tools that policymakers have at their disposal to activate regional innovation potential to help tackle these challenges and the often accompanying ones such as an unsuitable skills base, unemployment due to deindustrialisation, and limited investment opportunities. Bringing together economic analysis and regional and country practice from the participating regions and countries on the topics of the future of work, entrepreneurship, innovation, transitioning to a climate-neutral economy and inclusive growth, the report identifies cross-cutting lessons to help policy-makers better design the next generation of smart specialisation and regional innovation strategies.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264360037 , 9789264327436 , 9789264914438
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (52 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Part-time and partly equal
    Keywords: Teilzeitarbeit ; Geschlechterunterschiede ; Niederlande ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands
    Abstract: The Netherlands performs well on many measures of gender equality, but the country faces a persistent equality challenge between women and men: the high share of women in part-time jobs. Nearly 60% of women in the Dutch labour market work part-time, roughly three times the OECD average for women, and over three times the rate for Dutch men. The Netherlands’ gender gap in hours worked contributes to the gender gap in earnings, the gender gap in pensions, women’s slower progression into management roles, and the unequal division of unpaid work at home. These gaps typically widen with parenthood, as mothers often reduce hours in the labour market to take on more unpaid care work at home. The Dutch government must redouble its efforts to achieve gender equality. Better social policy support can help level the playing field between men and women, contribute to more egalitarian norms around the division of work, and foster more gender-equal behaviour in paid and unpaid work in the Netherlands.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264332485 , 9789264497627 , 9789264842342
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Individuelle Weiterbildungskonten: Allheilmittel oder Büchse der Pandora?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Individual learning accounts
    Keywords: Weiterbildung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment
    Abstract: A rise in non-standard work in many countries and an increased fragmentation of worker careers have created new challenges for training policies at a time when structural transformation is creating a need for both re- and up-skilling. Individual learning accounts have received renewed attention from policy makers, due to their ability to make training rights “portable” from one job or employment status to another. This report examines past and existing individual learning accounts and other individual schemes to finance training, based on a review of the existing literature as well as six new case studies commissioned by the OECD: The Upper Austrian Bildungskonto, the French Compte Personnel de Formation, the Scottish Individual Learning Accounts/Individual Training Accounts, the Singapore SkillsFuture Credit, the Tuscan Carta ILA, and the Individual Training Accounts in Michigan and Washington in the United States. The report takes stock of these experiences and identifies the advantages and disadvantages of such schemes, as well as the key trade-offs and questions to consider in designing a successful scheme, including targeting, funding, participation of under-represented groups and quality issues.
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264948716 , 9789264800380 , 9789264941083
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (53 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Gute Strategien für gute Berufe in der frühen Bildung
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Good practice for good jobs in early childhood education and care
    Keywords: Sozialberufe ; Frühkindliche Bildung ; Kinderbetreuung ; Qualifikation ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Kleinkinderziehung ; Kinderbetreuung ; Sozialberuf ; Qualifikation
    Abstract: Recruiting and retaining skilled staff is a long-standing challenge for the early childhood education and care (ECEC) sector. OECD countries are increasingly demanding that ECEC staff be highly skilled and highly qualified, but a combination of low wages, a lack of status and public recognition, poor working conditions, and limited opportunities for professional development mean that recruitment and retention are frequently difficult. What can countries do to build a highly qualified and well-trained ECEC workforce? What is the best route to increasing staff skills without exacerbating staff shortages? How can countries boost pay and working conditions in the context of limited resources? Building on past OECD work on early childhood education and care, and drawing on the experience of OECD countries, this report outlines good practice policy measures for improving jobs in ECEC and for constructing a high-quality workforce.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264637382 , 9789264585423 , 9789264483590
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rejuvenating Korea
    Keywords: Sozialer Wandel ; Familienpolitik ; Südkorea ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: Korean families are changing fast. While birth rates remain low, Koreans are marrying and starting a family later than ever before, if at all. Couple-with-children households, the dominant household type in Korea until recently, will soon make up fewer than one quarter of all households. These changes will have a profound effect on Korea’s future. Among other things, the Korean labour force is set to decline by about 2.5 million workers by 2040, with potential major implications for economic performance and the sustainability of public finances. Since the early 2000s, public policy has changed to help parents reconcile work and family commitments: Korea has developed a comprehensive formal day-care and kindergarten system with enrolment rates that are now on par with the Nordic countries. Korea also has one year of paid parental leave for both parents, but only about 25% of mothers and 5% of fathers use it, as workplace cultures are often not conducive to parents, especially fathers, taking leave. Cultural change will take time, but this review suggests there also is a need for additional labour market, education and social policy reform to help Koreans achieve both work and family aspirations, and contribute to the rejuvenation of Korean society.
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789264874442 , 9789264357228 , 9789264814370
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (56 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The sharing and gig economy
    Keywords: Digitale Plattform ; Share Economy ; Selbstständige ; Steuer ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Taxation ; OECD ; Besteuerungsverfahren
    Abstract: This report looks at approaches to help ensure the effective taxation of those earning income from the sale of goods or services in the sharing and gig economy. It considers the different ways that tax administrations can best engage with platform sellers, sharing and gig economy platforms, and each other to enable more effective tax compliance. The report is divided into four chapters. The first chapter sets out the background to the sharing and gig economy and the role of online platforms. The second chapter provides some examples of current approaches that are being taken by OECD Forum on Tax Administration members that participated in this work. Chapter three sets out a range of options that tax administrations may wish to consider to help enable compliance in this sector. Finally, chapter four sets out three recommendations and considerations for possible further work: joint work between tax administrations and platforms on providing information and support to platform sellers; improving the evidence base to enhance understanding of the tax at risk in relation to platforms; and assisting in the possible development of a legislative model for standardised reporting by sharing and gig economy platforms.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264704541 , 9789264980709 , 9789264779822
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe ¿Cómo va la vida en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina?
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als How's life in the province of Córdoba, Argentina?
    Keywords: Lebensqualität ; Sozialer Indikator ; Regionalökonomik ; Stadtökonomik ; Cordoba (Argentinien, Provinz) ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Argentina
    Abstract: This report assesses well-being in the four largest urban agglomerations of the province of Córdoba and provides policy recommendations to strengthen regional development practices, and ultimately improve people’s well-being. Using around 30 statistical indicators, the report analyses the performance of Córdoba’s agglomerations in 12 well-being dimensions in comparison with 391 regions of 36 OECD countries and 98 regions of Brazil, Peru, Colombia and Costa Rica. The report also documents the well-being inequalities between Córdoba’s four agglomerations and suggests three priorities areas which the province should focus on to tackle well-being challenges: i) Ensure that well-being indicators guide future decision-making; ii) Continue strengthening and modernising the provincial statistical system to expand the evidence-base; and, iii) Strengthen governance arrangements for more effective, efficient and inclusive regional development policy outcomes.
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789264313859 , 9789264762121 , 9789264487604
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Skills Strategy 2019: Skills to Shape a Better Future
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Estrategia de Competencias de la OCDE 2019 : Competencias para construir un futuro mejor
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Economics
    Abstract: La Stratégie de l’OCDE sur les compétences propose une approche stratégique et globale afin que les peuples et les pays puissent se doter de compétences leur permettant de s’épanouir dans un monde complexe, interconnecté et en pleine évolution. La nouvelle Stratégie 2019 de l’OCDE sur les compétences tient compte depuis 2012 des enseignements tirés de la mise en œuvre initiale de la stratégie des compétences de l’OCDE dans 11 pays, et intègre également es récentes constatations des effets des mégatendances sur les compétences, telles que la mondialisation, la transformation numérique, le vieillissement de la population et les migrations. La Stratégie tient également compte des nouvelles connaissances de l’OCDE sur les politiques en matière de compétences efficacesqui reposent sur ces trois grands axes: acquérir des compétences utiles tout au long de la vie, utiliser efficacement les compétences dans le cadre professionnel et social et, renforcer la gouvernance des systèmes de compétences.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264741393
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: 18 x 25cm.
    Series Statement: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This brochure is published within the framework of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables established by OECD in 1962. It comprises explanatory notes and illustrations to facilitate the uniform interpretation of the Tomatoes Standard. This brochure illustrates the standard text and demonstrates the quality parameters on high quality photographs. Thus, it is a valuable tool for the inspection authorities, professional bodies and traders interested in international trade of tomatoes. Cette brochure est publiée dans le cadre du Régime pour l’Application de normes internationales pour les fruits et legumes établi par l’OCDE en 1962. Elle fournit des notes explicatives et des illustrations en vue de faciliter l’interprétation commune des normes en vigueur pour les tomates. Elle décrit les paramètres qualitatifs par des photographies de haute qualité. Elle constitue par conséquent un outil précieux pour les autorités de contrôle, les organes professionnels et les négociants qui manifestent leur intérêt pour le commerce international des tomates.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264449756 , 9789264312524 , 9789264727359
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Inovācijas, lauksaimniecības produktivitāte un ilgtspējība Latvijā
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in Latvia
    Keywords: Agrartechnik ; Innovation ; Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Nachhaltigkeit ; !09137510X!f ; Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Latvia
    Abstract: Latvia, a member of the European Union since 2004, is a small, dynamic and open economy that has successfully transitioned from central planning to a market economy. The reforms undertaken have driven progress, although from generally low levels and at a slower pace in agriculture than for the economy as a whole. This report examines the conditions under which farms and businesses in the food and agriculture sector in Latvia undertake innovation to become more productive and environmentally sustainable. It identifies opportunities as well as challenges that need to be addressed. These include economy wide skills shortage, emigration and population decline and urban concentration of population and services. At the sectoral level, these include the use of agricultural payments to support a large number of non-commercial farms and the high level of unpaid farm labour. To meet these challenges, agricultural innovation can be harnessed to improve the sector’s productivity, as well as the sustainability and efficiency of the food system. This report provides a series of recommendations that should allow agricultural policies to contribute to a well-functioning innovation system that can meet the challenges that lie ahead.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264319363 , 9789264561182 , 9789264562158
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Pathways
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Multi-dimensional review of Peru ; volume 3: From analysis to action
    Keywords: Entwicklung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Peru ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Transport ; Industry and Services ; Peru ; Peru ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: Peru has experienced remarkable socio-economic progress over the last two decades, enabling it to join the group of upper middle-income countries around 2010. However, challenges are ahead if the country is not to be caught in various development traps. Overcoming these challenges in the near future to take the economy to the next level and become a country with higher productivity, inclusive development and well-being for all will require sound policy reforms. Further efforts are needed on three main fronts: economic diversification, connectivity and formalisation of jobs. This report analyses the main challenges in these three priority areas and sets up a policy action plan. It also proposes a scorecard including a series of indicators for monitoring progress derived from the implementation of the reforms proposed in these three areas and presents the objectives for each indicator that Peru should aim to achieve by 2025 and 2030.
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789264833913 , 9789264422421 , 9789264342064
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Innovation, productivité et durabilité dans le secteur agricole et alimentaire : Principales conclusions des examens par pays et leçons pour l’action publique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, productivity and sustainability in food and agriculture
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Wissenschaft ; Technologie ; Innovationsdiffusion ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Markets that function well within a stable regulatory and policy environment are key to improving the productivity and sustainability of the food and agriculture sector. This report contains the main findings and policy lessons gained from a series of wide-ranging country reviews on how government policies can improve sectoral productivity and sustainability through their impact on innovation, structural change, natural resource use, and climate change. Improving the policy environment would require rolling back those policies that distort markets the most and retain farmers in uncompetitive and low-income activities, harm the environment, stifle innovation, slow structural and generational change, and weaken resilience. Agriculture policy should focus instead on measures that facilitate the uptake of technologies and practices that use resources more efficiently and sustainably, and which contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Of equal importance are: a more collaborative approach, more effective governance systems, the development of long-term strategies, strengthened linkages between national and international actors, and comprehensive and coherent evaluation procedures. Public funding of food and agricultural research is also crucial, and private efforts need to be strengthened, including through public-private partnerships. Finally, improving overall policy coherence would contribute to building trust, and to increasing policy effectiveness at each step of the food and agriculture chain.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264455269 , 9789264626348 , 9789264402195
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Working better with age
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Ältere Arbeitnehmerin ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: People today are living longer than ever before, but what is a boon for individuals can be challenging for societies. If nothing is done to change existing work and retirement patterns, the number of older inactive people who will need to be supported by each worker could rise by around 40% between 2018 and 2050 on average in the OECD area. This would put a brake on rising living standards as well as enormous pressure on younger generations who will be financing social protection systems. Improving employment prospects of older workers will be crucial. At the same time, taking a life-course approach will be necessary to avoid accumulation of individual disadvantages over work careers that discourage or prevent work at an older age; What can countries do to help? How can they give older people better work incentives and opportunities? This report provides a synthesis of the main challenges and policy recommendations together with a set of international best practices to foster employability, labour demand and incentives to work at an older age.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264675957 , 9789264897373 , 9789264513549
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Human Acceleration of the Nitrogen Cycle: Managing Risks and Uncertainty
    Keywords: Energy ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Governance
    Abstract: Cette publication examine les risques associés au rejet d'azote en excès dans l'environnement (changement climatique, appauvrissement de la couche d'ozone, pollution de l'air, pollution de l'eau, perte de biodiversité, détérioration de la qualité des sols). Le rapport examine également l'incertitude associée à la capacité de l'azote de passer d'un écosystème à un autre et de provoquer des « effets en cascade ». Outre une meilleure gestion des risques liés à l'azote au niveau local, il faut considérer les risques au niveau global liés à l’augmentation continue des concentrations d’hémioxyde d’azote et prévenir l’excès d’azote sous toutes ses formes en élaborant des stratégies efficaces au regard de leurs coûts pour toutes les sources. La publication fournit des indications sur l’utilisation des instruments de politique relative à l’azote et sur la manière d’assurer la cohérence avec des objectifs tels que la sécurité alimentaire, la sécurité énergétique et les objectifs environnementaux autres que la réduction de la pollution par l’azote.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264842441 , 9789264783195 , 9789264573925
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Seven Questions about Apprenticeships: Answers from International Experience
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L'apprentissage et l'alternance en sept questions : Leçons des expériences internationales
    Keywords: Education ; Employment
    Abstract: Nachdem betriebliche Ausbildungen und andere Formen des arbeitsplatzbasierten Lernens in vielen Ländern eine gewisse Zeit relativ vernachlässigt worden sind, gewinnen sie nun wieder an Bedeutung. Dabei wird zunehmend gewürdigt, dass sie nicht nur den Übergang von der Schule ins Erwerbsleben erleichtern, sondern auch für die Wirtschaft von Nutzen sind. Es ist allerdings nach wie vor eine große Herausforderung, Auszubildende, Ausbildungsbetriebe, Sozialpartner sowie Bildungs- und Ausbildungssysteme in das arbeitsplatzbasierte Lernen einzubinden. Vor diesem Hintergrund enthält Sieben Fragen zur betrieblichen Ausbildung Anregungen zur Ausgestaltung und Umsetzung hochwertiger betrieblicher Ausbildungen unter Verwendung von Material aus dem OECD-Projekt Lernen am Arbeitsplatz in der beruflichen Bildung. Dieser Bericht liefert Antworten auf sieben Fragen, die sich die einzelnen Länder und Politikverantwortlichen häufig stellen, wenn es darum geht, Ausbildungssysteme für junge Menschen und/oder ältere Arbeitskräfte einzuführen oder zu reformieren. Können betriebliche Ausbildungen in jedem Land einen sinnvollen Beitrag leisten? Sollten Unternehmen finanzielle Ausbildungsanreize erhalten? Wie sieht eine angemessene Ausbildungsvergütung aus und wie lange sollte eine betriebliche Ausbildung dauern? Wie lassen sich gute Lernerfahrungen im Betrieb gewährleisten? Wie kann die betriebliche Ausbildung auf förderungsbedürftige junge Menschen ausgerichtet werden? Und wie kann das Interesse potenzieller Auszubildender geweckt werden? Ausgehend von neuen Analysen und konkreten Beispielen aus der ganzen Welt stellt diese Studie Grundregeln für ein erfolgreiches Praxishandeln vor.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264799752 , 9789264887565 , 9789264632080
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Individual Learning Accounts: Panacea or Pandora's Box?
    Keywords: Education ; Employment
    Abstract: In einer Zeit, in der strukturelle Veränderungen Umschulungen und Höherqualifizierungen notwendig machen, steht die Weiterbildungspolitik aufgrund der in vielen Ländern beobachteten Zunahme atypischer Beschäftigungsformen und der stärkeren Fragmentierung beruflicher Laufbahnen vor neuen Herausforderungen. Individuelle Weiterbildungskonten stoßen bei den Politikverantwortlichen derzeit erneut auf Interesse, da sie die Möglichkeit bieten, Weiterbildungsansprüche von einem Arbeitsplatz oder Erwerbsstatus auf einen anderen zu übertragen. Dieser Bericht untersucht frühere und bestehende individuelle Weiterbildungskonten und andere individuelle Programme zur Finanzierung weiterführenden Lernens und stützt sich dabei auf die vorhandene Fachliteratur sowie auf sechs neue Fallstudien, die von der OECD in Auftrag gegeben wurden: das oberösterreichische Bildungskonto, das französische Compte Personnel de Formation, die schottischen Individual Learning Accounts/Individual Training Accounts, der singapurische SkillsFuture Credit, die toskanische Carta ILA und die Individual Training Accounts in Michigan und Washington in den Vereinigten Staaten. Der Bericht beschreibt die mit diesen Programmen gemachten Erfahrungen, benennt ihre Vor- und Nachteile sowie die wichtigsten Zielkonflikte und Fragen, die es bei der Konzeption eines erfolgreichen Programms zu beachten gilt, insbesondere Zielgruppenorientierung, Finanzierung, Beteiligung unterrepräsentierter Gruppen und Qualität.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264538528 , 9789264318656 , 9789264999848
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (139 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recent trends in international migration of doctors, nurses and medical students
    Keywords: Gesundheitsberufe ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Studierende ; Internationale Migration ; OECD-Staaten ; Frankreich ; Irland ; Polen ; Rumänien ; Kanada ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Medizinisches Personal ; Internationale Migration
    Abstract: This report describes recent trends in the international migration of doctors and nurses in OECD countries. Over the past decade, the number of doctors and nurses has increased in many OECD countries, and foreign-born and foreign-trained doctors and nurses have contributed to a significant extent. New in-depth analysis of the internationalisation of medical education shows that in some countries (e.g. Israel, Norway, Sweden and the United States) a large and growing number of foreign-trained doctors are people born in these countries who obtained their first medical degree abroad before coming back. The report includes four case studies on the internationalisation of medical education in Europe (France, Ireland, Poland and Romania) as well as a case study on the integration of foreign-trained doctors in Canada.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264661059
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (159 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als In-depth productivity review of Belgium
    Keywords: Produktivität ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Belgien ; Employment ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Belgium ; Belgien ; Produktivität
    Abstract: Belgium has a high level of productivity. However, growth of productivity has declined quite strongly over the past two decades, and more so than in other advanced economies. This is a worrying development, as fewer productivity gains mean less wage growth and a slowdown in improvements to pensions, health care and well-being. This In-Depth Productivity Review of Belgium assesses in detail the drivers of productivity and recommends a 7-Point Action Plan to reignite productivity growth in Belgium. Reviving productivity growth requires action in many areas cutting across governments and ministerial competences. Measures are needed to instil more dynamism in Belgium’s economy, both among businesses and in the labour market, and to make the public finances more growth-oriented. In addition to recommending detailed policy measures to revive productivity growth, the Review contains three analytical chapters that lay out the evidence base: Chapter 1 on economy-wide and sectoral trends in productivity; Chapter 2 on the role of firms for productivity, with a focus on the dispersion of performance among businesses; and Chapter 3 on the worker dimension of productivity, with a focus on the role of wage bargaining and skills.
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264864689
    Language: Latvian
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (215 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Innovation, Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in Latvia
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Latvia
    Abstract: Latvijai, kas ir Eiropas Savienības dalībvalsts kopš 2004. gada, ir maza, dinamiska un atvērta ekonomika, kas veiksmīgi pārgājusi no centrālās plānošanas uz tirgus ekonomiku. Uzsāktās reformas ir veicinājušas progresu, lai gan kopumā no zema starta līmeņa un lauksaimniecībā lēnākā tempā nekā ekonomikā kopumā. Šajā ziņojumā aplūkoti apstākļi, kādos Latvijas pārtikas un lauksaimniecības nozares saimniecības un uzņēmumi veic inovācijas, lai kļūtu produktīvāki un videi draudzīgāki. Tajā apzinātas iespējas, kā arī problēmas, kas vēl jārisina. To skaitā ir prasmju nepietiekamība, emigrācija un iedzīvotāju skaita samazināšanās, kā arī iedzīvotāju un pakalpojumu koncentrācija pilsētās, kas skar visu tautsaimniecību. Nozares līmenī ir problēmas ar lauksaimniecības atbalsta maksājumu izmantošanu nekomerciālu saimniecību atbalstam un augsts neapmaksātā darbaspēka līmenis lauku saimniecībās. Risinot šīs problēmas, lauksaimniecības inovācijas var izmantot, lai uzlabotu nozares produktivitāti, kā arī pārtikas sistēmas ilgtspēju un efektivitāti. Šajā pārskatā sniegti vairāki ieteikumi, kas ļautu lauksaimniecības politikai veicināt labi funkcionējošu inovācijas sistēmu, kura spētu risināt nākotnes problēmas.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264182752 , 9789264736351 , 9789264773646
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How's Life in the Province of Córdoba, Argentina?
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Science and Technology ; Argentina
    Abstract: Este informe evalúa el bienestar en los cuatro aglomerados urbanos más grandes de la provincia de Córdoba (Argentina) y proporciona recomendaciones de políticas para fortalecer las prácticas de desarrollo regional y, en última instancia, mejorar el bienestar de las personas. Utilizando alrededor de 30 indicadores, el informe analiza el desempeño de los aglomerados de Córdoba en 12 dimensiones de bienestar en comparación con 391 regiones de 36 países de la OCDE y 98 regiones de Brasil, Perú, Colombia y Costa Rica. El informe también documenta las desigualdades de bienestar entre los cuatro aglomerados de Córdoba y sugiere tres áreas prioritarias en las que la provincia debería enfocarse para abordar los desafíos de bienestar: i) asegurar que los indicadores de bienestar sirven para guiar la toma de decisiones en el futuro; ii) continuar fortaleciendo y modernizando el sistema estadístico provincial para expandir la base y uso de evidencia; y iii) fortalecer los mecanismos e instituciones de gobernanza para promover un desarrollo regional efectivo, eficiente e inclusivo.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789264584273 , 9789264385535 , 9789264930810
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Innovation, Productivity and Sustainability in Food and Agriculture: Main Findings from Country Reviews and Policy Lessons
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Des marchés qui fonctionnent bien dans un environnement réglementaire et de politique publique stable sont essentiels pour améliorer la productivité et la durabilité du secteur alimentaire et agricole. Cela permettrait au secteur de répondre à la demande croissante d'aliments sains, sûrs et nutritifs sans endommager les ressources naturelles, ainsi que de faire face aux défis croissants imposés par le changement climatique. Le présent rapport contient les principales conclusions et leçons tirées d’une série d’examens par pays sur la manière dont les politiques publiques peuvent améliorer la productivité et la durabilité sectorielles grâce à leurs effets sur l’innovation, les changements structurels, l’utilisation des ressources naturelles et le changement climatique. Pour améliorer l'environnement de l’action publique, il faudrait supprimer les politiques qui faussent le plus les marchés et retiennent les agriculteurs dans des activités peu compétitives et à faible revenu, nuisent à l'environnement, freinent l'innovation, ralentissent les changements structurels et générationnels et affaiblissent la capacité de résilience. La politique agricole devrait plutôt s’orienter vers des mesures facilitant l'adoption de technologies et de pratiques qui utilisent les ressources de manière plus efficace et durable, et qui contribuent à réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Comme indiqué dans toutes les revues, il est important que les systèmes d'innovation agricole soient davantage collaboratifs et répondent mieux aux besoins réels. Cela nécessite souvent des systèmes de gouvernance plus efficaces, incluant l'élaboration de stratégies à long terme, le renforcement des liens entre les acteurs nationaux et internationaux et la mise au point de procédures d'évaluation complètes et cohérentes. Le financement public de la recherche alimentaire et agricole est crucial et les efforts du secteur privé doivent être renforcés, notamment par le biais de partenariats public-privé. Les systèmes de conseil et de vulgarisation agricoles doivent inclure des prestataires publics et privés compétitifs qui répondent à l’ensemble des besoins. Enfin, l'amélioration de la cohérence globale des politiques contribuerait à renforcer la confiance et à accroître l'efficacité des politiques à chaque étape de la chaîne alimentaire et agricole.
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 118
    Keywords: Agroindustrie ; Agraraußenhandel ; Landhandel ; Agrarpolitik ; Wertschöpfung ; Nichttarifäre Handelshemmnisse ; Dienstleistungshandel ; Politische Reform ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report synthesises OECD work analysing agricultural policies, markets and trade. It highlights recent developments in agricultural markets and policies and considers how these have changed the source and nature of the gains from multilateral reform, and considers opportunities for further reforms. In large part, gains from further reform come from the opportunities to increase income and jobs through increasing agro-food sector participation in global and domestic value chains. Countries can enhance the overall competitiveness of their agro-food sectors though more open trade policies and reducing the impacts of measures that raise trade costs. This includes reducing distorting domestic support and market access barriers, including to agro-food imports; ensuring that non-tariff measures are appropriate, transparent, and science-based; and reducing barriers to services trade.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The platform economy can deliver for its workers too
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe How policy can make a world of difference for small and medium-sized enterprises
    Titel der Quelle: L'Observateur de l'OCDE
    Keywords: Employment ; Economics ; Industry and Services
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Comment l’action publique peut faire toute la différence pour les petites et moyennes entreprises
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Employment ; Economics ; Industry and Services
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD Observer
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (3 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L’économie des plateformes peut aussi profiter à ses travailleurs
    Titel der Quelle: OECD Observer
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264802377 , 9789264930346 , 9789264880122
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Talent abroad
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Brain Drain ; Auswanderung ; Rumänien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Romania ; Rumänien ; Braindrain ; Auswanderung
    Abstract: In recent years, Romania has undergone major economic, social and political transformations. Given the significant emigration of the Romanian population and the recognition of the contributions of the diaspora, Romanian authorities are seeking to better understand this pool of talent residing abroad, which has great potential to contribute to the economic and social development of Romania. This review provides the first comprehensive portrait of the Romanian diaspora in OECD countries. By profiling Romanian emigrants, this review aims to strengthen knowledge about this community and thus help to consolidate the relevance of the policies deployed by Romania towards its emigrants.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264288744
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in Estonia
    Keywords: Agrartechnik ; Ernährungsindustrie ; Innovation ; Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Estland ; Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Estonia
    Abstract: Estonian agriculture has undergone significant growth and structural change since the 1990s in a policy and regulatory environment that has been mostly supportive of investment. The implementation of the Common Agricultural Policy has contributed to the modernisation of the country's agriculture, leading to high productivity growth with relatively limited environmental pressure. High educational levels and strong public research institutions have also provided a fertile environment for innovation in Estonia, although Estonian agri-food companies struggle to participate in food and agricultural research activities. Attracting and retaining people in the agriculture sector at a time of growing labour and skills shortages in rural areas is an increasing challenge. Further innovation and adaptation will be needed to sustain and expand agriculture and food in Estonia.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264302891 , 9789264302860 , 9789264123533
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (88 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Managing weather-related disasters in Southeast Asian agriculture
    Keywords: Katastrophe ; Dürre ; Überschwemmung ; Sturm ; Katastrophenschaden ; Wetter ; Landwirtschaft ; Südostasien ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Development
    Abstract: Southeast Asia’s exposure to increasingly frequent and intense weather-related disasters is a growing concern for agricultural producers of the region. This study reviews policy approaches to droughts, floods and typhoons in Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam in an effort to identify good practices and strengthen the resilience of the agricultural sector. The study assesses the risk exposure of this sector to weather-related disasters and reviews risk management policies using an OECD policy framework on the mitigation of droughts and floods in agriculture as a benchmark. The analysis reveals several priority areas to strengthen the resilience of the agricultural sectors in these four Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries, including: 1) improving the prevention and mitigation components of disaster risk management by aligning policy incentives and by integrating risk-reduction measures into infrastructure planning and extension systems; 2) implementing and enforcing water allocation and water use restriction instruments to steer farmers towards more efficient water use; 3) enhancing the co-ordination of government and partner institutions' activities to enable a more timely response to disasters; and 4) improving the timely distribution of inputs, equipment and social protection measures like disaster-linked cash transfers to strengthen the capacity of farmers to recover from disasters.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789264289048 , 9789264190115 , 9789264298354
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; USA ; Employment ; United States
    Abstract: In the United States, employment rates at older ages are comparatively high at 62% among 55-64 year-olds against 59% on average in OECD countries in 2016. However, there are large disparities across population groups. Early retirement remains a widespread phenomenon, especially among workers from vulnerable socio-economic backgrounds. Preventing old-age disparities in terms of employment outcomes and retirement income from widening is crucial. This report looks at the various pathways out of the labour market for older workers, and how employers can be supported to retain and hire older workers. It examines the best ways that the United States can promote the employability of workers throughout their working lives and more equal outcomes among older workers.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264310346 , 9789264307315 , 9789264310339
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Neuseeland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; New Zealand ; Neuseeland ; Psychische Gesundheit ; Psychische Störung ; Arbeit ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Gesundheitsfürsorge
    Abstract: Tackling mental health problems of the working-age population is a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries, not just for health systems. Governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental health conditions in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market into it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on New Zealand is the tenth in a series of reports looking at how broader education, health, welfare and labour market policy challenges are being tackled in a number of countries. The report is also the first one published after the endorsement of the OECD Recommendation of the Council on "Integrated Mental Health, Skills and Work Policy" and assesses New Zealand's performance against the strategic policy framework agreed by all OECD countries. The report concludes that awareness and policy thinking is well developed in New Zealand but that structural and institutional weaknesses limit the provision of timely, integrated health and employment services, with particularly disappointing outcomes for the indigenous population. Against the background of the OECD Council Recommendation, the report proposes improvements in policy development and policy implementation to make youth, workplace, health and welfare policies ready for the challenge.
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264307599 , 9789264311398 , 9789264311404
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Stemming the superbug tide
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Antibiotika ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtliche Publikation ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Antibiotikum
    Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a large and growing problem with the potential for enormous health and economic consequences, globally. As such, AMR has become a central issue at the top of the public health agenda of OECD countries and beyond. In this report, OECD used advanced techniques, including machine learning, ensemble modelling and a microsimulation model, to provide support for policy action in the human health sector. AMR rates are high and are projected to grow further, particularly for second- and third-line antibiotics, and if no effective action is taken this is forecasted to produce a significant health and economic burden in OECD and EU28 countries. This burden can be addressed by implementing effective public health initiatives. This report reviews policies currently in place in high-income countries and identifies a set of ‘best buys’ to tackle AMR that, if scaled up at the national level, would provide an affordable and cost-effective instrument in the fight against AMR.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264282346
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Getting Skills Right
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Getting skills right
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Bildungspolitik ; Spanien ; Education ; Employment ; Spain ; Spanien ; Jugendarbeitslosigkeit ; Ausbildung ; Berufliche Integration
    Abstract: This report identifies effective strategies to tackle skills imbalances in Spain. It provides an assessment of practices and policies in the following areas: the collection and use of information on skill needs to foster a better alignment between skills acquisition and labour market needs; education and training policies targeting skills development and investment for individuals and employers; activation policies to develop skills through on-the-job learning; and policies facilitating the entry of migrants with skills that are in demand. The assessment is based on country visits, desk research and data analysis conducted by the OECD secretariat.
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9789264307513 , 9789264310773 , 9789264310780
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE sur l'éducation et la formation professionnelles
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Seven Questions about Apprenticeships: Answers from International Experience
    Keywords: Education ; Employment
    Abstract: Aujourd’hui, la formation en alternance et les autres types de formation en milieu professionnel prennent un nouvel essor, après avoir été relativement négligés dans de nombreux pays. Leur efficacité pour faciliter le passage de l’école à la vie active et répondre aux besoins de l’économie est de plus en plus largement reconnue. Toutefois, faire œuvrer ensemble dans un tel cadre individus, employeurs, partenaires sociaux et systèmes d’enseignement et de formation demeure une tâche ardue. C’est pourquoi L’apprentissage et l’alternance en sept questions fournit des indications aux pouvoirs publics sur la manière d’organiser et de mettre en œuvre la formation en alternance afin d’en garantir la qualité. Les messages formulés s’appuient sur les conclusions du projet de l’OCDE sur la formation en milieu professionnel dans le cadre de l’éducation et de la formation professionnelles. Cette publication vient répondre à sept questions récurrentes chez les décideurs et les acteurs du terrain qui souhaitent mettre en place ou réformer le système de formation en alternance à destination des jeunes et des moins jeunes. L’alternance est-elle une option avantageuse dans tous les pays ? Les employeurs doivent-ils être incités financièrement à offrir des contrats en alternance ? Quel est le juste niveau de salaire des alternants et combien de temps leur formation doit-elle durer ? Comment garantir une bonne initiation pratique en entreprise ? Comment faire en sorte que la formation en alternance donne de bons résultats pour les jeunes en difficulté ? Comment attirer de potentiels alternants ? Cet ouvrage identifie les principes d’une pratique efficace à partir de travaux d’analyse originaux et d’exemples concrets relevés dans le monde entier.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264309654 , 9789264309647 , 9789264307773
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe 한국 농업 혁신, 생산성 및 지속가능성 검토, OECD 국가별 농식품 검토보고서
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in Korea
    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Agrartechnik ; Innovation ; Agrarproduktion ; Produktivität ; Südkorea ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Agriculture and Food ; Korea, Republic of ; Südkorea ; Landwirtschaft ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: Agriculture in Korea is under increasing pressure to meet changing domestic demand, improve its productivity to keep up with the country's competitive manufacturing sector, and become more competitive at the international level. To date, the government has offered extensive support to farm income via price support, direct payments, preferential tax treatment, and reduced input prices. However, a more comprehensive policy approach is required to address the low-income problem in agriculture, and a more comprehensive rural development policy is also required to create employment opportunities for the younger generation. Korea should explore its potential to export niche agricultural products and processed food that reflect its rich and unique food culture. To unleash the sector’s potential, agricultural policy should focus on improving the productivity and sustainability of commercial enterprises and develop the food processing sector. The country's agricultural innovation system should become more integrated and collaborative, benefiting from its strong competitive advantage in Information and Communication Technology (ICT).
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789264303379 , 9789264303362 , 9789264302334
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Agricultural policies in India
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Indien ; Agriculture and Food ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Trade ; India
    Abstract: This report assesses the performance of agricultural and food policy in India and calculates a set of policy indicators providing a comprehensive picture of agricultural support. These indicators, developed by the OECD, are already used regularly in the analysis of the agriculture and food sector in 51 OECD countries and emerging economies and are now available for India for the first time. Government intervention in India is found to provide both negative and positive support to agriculture, with market and trade interventions often depressing prices, while subsidies to fertilisers, water, power and other inputs incentivise their use. This reveals the inherent difficulty in attempting to secure remunerative prices and higher incomes for farmers, while at the same time keeping food prices low for consumers. The report also points to policy-induced pressures on natural resources such as water and soil. Detailed recommendations are offered which, if implemented, have the potential to improve farmers' welfare, reduce environmental damage, alleviate some of the pressure on scarce resources, better prepare the sector for climate change, improve food and nutrition security for the poor, improve domestic market functioning and position India to participate more fully in agro-food global value chains.
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264311855 , 9789264201996 , 9789264311848
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Working better with age
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Seniorenpolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Japan ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Japan ; Japan ; Alter ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitspolitik
    Abstract: Currently, Japan has the highest old-age dependency ratio of all OECD countries, with a ratio in 2017 of over 50 persons aged 65 and above for every 100 persons aged 20 to 64. This ratio is projected to rise to 79 per hundred in 2050. The rapid population ageing in Japan is a major challenge for achieving further increases in living standards and ensuring the financial sustainability of public social expenditure. However, with the right policies in place, there is an opportunity to cope with this challenge by extending working lives and making better use of older workers' knowledge and skills. This report investigates policy issues and discusses actions to retain and incentivise the elderly to work more by further reforming retirement policies and seniority-wages, investing in skills to improve productivity and keeping up with labour market changes through training policy, and ensuring good working conditions for better health with tackling long-hours working culture.
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264305472 , 9789264305465 , 9789264303898
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Tax Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD tax policy reviews
    Keywords: Steuerpolitik ; Steuersystem ; Steuerreform ; Slowenien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation ; Economics ; Slovenia
    Abstract: This report is part of the OECD Tax Policy Reviews. The Reviews are intended to provide independent, comprehensive and comparative assessments of OECD member and non-member countries’ tax systems as well as concrete recommendations for tax policy reform. By identifying tailored tax policy reform options, the objective of the Reviews is to enhance the design of existing tax policies and to support the adoption of new reforms. This report provides a comprehensive tax policy assessment of the taxes paid by individuals in Slovenia as well as tax reform recommendations. The report is divided into six chapters, with a summary of the main findings upfront, followed by more detailed recommendations at the end of chapters 3 to 6. Chapter 1 sets the scene for tax reform in Slovenia. Chapter 2 focuses on the labour market, social policy and tax policy related challenges. The ensuing chapters assess the financing of the social security system (Chapter 3), identify strategies to strengthen the design of personal income tax (Chapter 4), indirect taxes (Chapter 5), and the taxation of capital income at the individual level (Chapter 6).
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264300040 , 9789264302167 , 9789264302174
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Is the last mile the longest?
    Keywords: Gleichberechtigung ; Wohlfahrtsanalyse ; Nordeuropa ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark ; Finland ; Iceland ; Norway ; Sweden
    Abstract: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, commonly known as the Nordic countries, have been leaders in the development of modern family and gender policy, and the explicit promotion of gender equality at home, at work, and in public life. Today, on many measures, they boast some of the most gender-equal labour markets in the OECD. This report shows that improvements in gender equality have contributed considerably to economic growth in the Nordic countries. Increases in female employment alone are estimated to account for anywhere between roughly 0.05 and 0.40 percentage points to average annual GDP per capita growth – equivalent to 3 to 20% of total GDP per capita growth over the past 50 years or so, depending on the country. The Nordic countries are closer than most to achieving gender equality in the labour market. But the last mile may well prove to be the longest one. To make further progress, a continued assessment of the effectiveness of existing public policies and workplace practices is needed. Only with resolve and a continued focus can Nordic countries ensure that men and women contribute to their economies and societies in gender equal measure.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264306714 , 9789264306875 , 9789264306523
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Keywords: Energy ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: This report assesses the key bottlenecks within the water-energy-land-food nexus in Korea, and proposes policy recommendations and governance arrangements to future-proof environmental integrity and enhance sustainable growth. The increasing pressure caused by urbanisation, industrialisation, population growth and climate change in Korea has led to more land consumption and augmented water supply, at the expense of the environment and at a high cost for public finance. Korea has engaged with the OECD via a national policy dialogue to explore best practices from the wider international community to better manage the nexus at the river basin scale.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264307254 , 9789264307247 , 9789264306486
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L'apprentissage et l'alternance en sept questions : Leçons des expériences internationales
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Seven questions about apprenticeships
    Keywords: Betriebliche Ausbildung ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Berufsausbildung
    Abstract: After a period of relative neglect in many countries, apprenticeships and other forms of work-based learning are experiencing a revival. Their effectiveness in easing school-to-work transitions and serving the economy is increasingly recognised. However, engaging individuals, employers, social partners and education and training systems in such learning remains a significant challenge. In light of this, Seven Questions about Apprenticeships draws out policy messages on how to design and implement high-quality apprenticeships, using material from the OECD project Work-based Learning in Vocational Education and Training. It presents answers to seven questions commonly asked by governments and practitioners seeking to either introduce or reform apprenticeship systems for young people and/or older workers. Can apprenticeships provide a useful contribution in every country? Should employers receive financial incentives for providing apprenticeships? What is the right wage for apprentices, and how long should an apprenticeship last? How can we ensure a good learning experience at work? How can apprenticeships be made to work for youth at risk? And how to attract potential apprentices? The study establishes principles of effective practice by building on new analytical work and examples of effective practice from around the world.
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264085268
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, agricultural productivity and sustainability in Sweden
    Keywords: Landwirtschaft ; Produktivität ; Agrarproduktion ; Agrartechnik ; Innovation ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Schweden ; Agriculture and Food ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Sweden
    Abstract: Agricultural innovation in Sweden has sought to improve the competitiveness and sustainability of the agri-food sector by ensuring a high level of environmental and animal welfare standards, while raising the productivity and financial viability of farms. The policies enacted to date have contributed to a high level of consumer confidence in the quality and methods of food production, but challenges remain. These include adapting new technologies that will further strengthen the high environmental, animal welfare and food standards within a more balanced regional and open trading system. In view of the high production costs in Sweden, there is a need to continue with structural adjustments and better targeted investments in the agri-food sector, as well as to improve the level of interactions between research institutions and farmers to ensure that innovative techniques are adopted by all participants.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264288133 , 9789264291980 , 9789264297999
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Competitiveness and Private Sector Development
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Повышение конкурентоспособности в странах Центральной Азии
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Enhancing competitiveness in Central Asia
    Keywords: Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Betriebliches Umfeld ; Zentralasien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Industry and Services ; Zentralasien ; Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Wirtschaft
    Abstract: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan have recorded impressive economic growth rates since 2000, driven mainly by the export of commodities and labour. However, the end of the commodity super-cycle and the recent economic slowdown highlighted the risks inherent in this reliance on minerals exports and remittances, as well as the challenges to be overcome to achieve more stable and inclusive growth. The Central Asian countries have long recognised the importance of enhancing the competitiveness of their economies, diversifying the production structures and improving the resilience to external shocks. This will require ambitious reforms in three areas: governance, connectivity, and business environment. This publication focuses mostly on aspects of the business environment and reflects several years of OECD work with Central Asian countries on access to finance, business internationalisation and skills development. Each of the country case studies presented here is the result of a country-specific project carried out by the OECD, hand-in-hand with the governments of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264293021
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The Productivity-Inclusiveness Nexus
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Ce rapport sur L’articulation entre productivité et inclusivité rassemble les toutes dernières évidences empiriques sur les principaux facteurs du ralentissement des gains de productivité et des fortes inégalités ; il suggère de possibles liens et fondements communs à ces deux tendances ; il dégage de premières conclusions sur les ensembles de mesures à mettre en œuvre et sur les implications qui en découlent pour l’élaboration des politiques ; en outre il propose des domaines précis qui pourraient faire l’objet de recherches plus approfondies. Le principal message de ce rapport est un appel aux responsables de l’action publique afin qu’ils adoptent une approche plus globale et plus inclusive de la croissance de la productivité visant à développer tous les actifs productifs d’une économie en développant les compétences, en mettant en place un environnement où toutes les entreprises peuvent prospérer et en investissant dans les régions à la traîne. L’objectif premier de cette approche est d’élargir la base productive de l’économie de façon à générer à terme des gains de productivité solides et durables auxquels chacun soit en mesure de contribuer tout en s’assurant par ailleurs que chacun, dans la société, puisse en bénéficier et voir s’améliorer son niveau de vie et ses perspectives. Pour ce faire, il faudra établir un cadre d’action complet qui tienne compte de l’ensemble des interactions entre inégalités et productivité, et du jeu de ces interactions au sein des pays, et entre les régions, les entreprises et les individus. Un tel cadre peut aider les responsables de l’action publique à mettre en place des mesures ex ante et ex post visant à promouvoir les synergies, et à gérer les situations dans lesquelles les politiques à l’appui de la productivité ont un impact sur les inégalités.
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264304147
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Working together for local integration of migrants and refugees in Vienna
    Keywords: Flüchtlinge ; Migranten ; Soziale Integration ; Wien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Austria
    Abstract: Fast population growth in the city of Vienna is largely related to international migration. Long-standing migrant communities represent half of Vienna’s population. In 2016, 50% of the inhabitants had migrant backgrounds, and since 2015, the number of refugees and asylum seekers in the city has increased. Since 1971, the city has developed dedicated administrative structures and local policies for migrants. A dedicated municipal unit (MA17) oversees how departments achieve migration-sensitive standards in their respective policy fields and produces the yearly Vienna Integration and Diversity monitoring report. A good practice is “Start Wien”, a comprehensive coaching and information programme addressing newcomers (including asylum seekers) for the first two years after arrival. After that, foreign residents benefit from non-targeted measures, for instance from a programme fighting labour market exclusion of low-skilled groups. Vienna has avoided high segregation due to its large and well spread social housing. However migrants can only access it after five years of residency in the city, before which they rely on private rental market. Vienna establishes close contacts with migrant associations and NGOs at the district level and engages public consultations when formulating integration concepts. This report sheds light on how the municipality and non-state partners work together with the other levels of government for sustainable migrant and refugee integration.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264293137 , 9789264300637 , 9789264300644
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Productivity and jobs in a globalised world
    Keywords: Regionalpolitik ; Produktivität ; Regionaler Arbeitsmarkt ; Globalisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Trade
    Abstract: This report looks at how regional policies can support productivity growth and jobs. While there has been a remarkable decline in inequality in OECD countries, inequality among regions within certain countries has increased over the same time period. Regions that narrowed productivity gaps tended to benefit from economically vibrant tradable sectors and integration with well-functioning cities. This report considers in detail the role of the tradable sector as a driver of productivity growth and its relationship with employment. It addresses the possible risks of a growing tradable sector and how diversification is central to strengthening regional economic resilience. It considers how regions integrate global value chains and highlights the role of regional and policy links in fostering productivity growth and job creation. It asks what policies can help better anticipate or cushion shocks from trade in specific regions and, more generally, what strategies and framework conditions are conducive for regional productivity and employment growth.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264292932
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe L'articulation entre productivité et inclusivité
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The productivity-inclusiveness nexus
    Keywords: Produktivität ; Einkommensverteilung ; Verteilungsgerechtigkeit ; Soziale Integration ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services ; Economic development ; Production (Economic theory) ; OECD countries ; Produktivität
    Abstract: Historically low productivity gains and record high inequality are major challenges for policy makers around the world. Both concerns have been exacerbated by the global financial crisis but took roots well before and reflect fundamental challenges with the way our economies function. This report proposes a new comprehensive approach to promote better productivity performance and reduce inequalities. It not only gathers the most recent empirical evidence on the main factors behind slowing productivity gains and rising or persisting inequalities but also suggests possible common foundations and linkages between these two trends. It stresses the risk of a vicious cycle setting in, where individuals with fewer skills and poorer access to opportunities are confined to unproductive and often precarious jobs. This reduces aggregate productivity and widens inequality. The report focuses on how to expand the productive assets of an economy by investing in the skills of its people and providing an environment where all firms have a fair chance to succeed, including in lagging regions. It draws preliminary conclusions on the type of policy packages that are needed and on their implications for policy making. It also sets an agenda for future research to deepen empirical evidence and make concrete country-specific policy recommendations.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Title: 经合组织 - 粮农组织 农业展望 2018-2027
    ISBN: 9789264310971
    Language: Chinese
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (211 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OCDE-FAO Perspectivas Agrícolas 2018-2027
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2018-2027
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectives agricoles de l'OCDE et de la FAO 2018-2027
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Prospettive agricole OCSE-FAO 2018-2027
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Trade
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264306943 , 9789264308565 , 9789264308572
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The future of social protection
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Soziale Sicherheit ; Atypische Beschäftigung ; Australien ; Österreich ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Italien ; Niederlande ; Schweden ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Social protection systems are often still designed for the archetypical full-time dependent employee. Work patterns deviating from this model – be it self-employment or online "gig work" – can lead to gaps in social protection coverage. Globalisation and digitalisation are likely to exacerbate this discrepancy as new technologies make it easier and cheaper to offer and find work online, and online work platforms have experienced spectacular growth in recent years. While new technologies and the new forms of work they create bring the incomplete social protection of non-standard workers to the forefront of the international policy debate, non-standard work and policies to address such workers’ situation are not new: across the OECD on average, one in six workers is self-employed, and a further one in eight employees is on a temporary contract. Thus, there are lessons to be learned from country experiences of providing social protection to non-standard workers. This report presents seven policy examples from OECD countries, including the "artists’ insurance system" in Germany or voluntary unemployment insurance for self-employed workers in Sweden. It draws on these studies to suggest policy options for providing social protection for non-standard workers, and for increasing the income security of on-call workers and those on flexible hours contracts.
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  • 90
    ISBN: 9789264280816 , 9789264280793 , 9789264303737
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (492 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The Next Production Revolution: Implications for Governments and Business
    Keywords: Employment ; Environment ; Governance ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Cette publication examine les possibilités et les défis que présentent pour les entreprises et les pouvoirs publics les technologies qui préparent l’avènement de la « prochaine révolution de la production », à savoir diverses technologies numériques (p. ex., l’internet des objets et la robotique avancée), les biotechnologies industrielles, l’impression 3D, les nouveaux matériaux et les nanotechnologies. Certaines de ces technologies sont déjà présentes dans les processus de production, d’autres seront accessibles sous peu. Mais toutes se développent rapidement. À mesure qu’elles transformeront les activités de production et de distribution des biens et services, elles auront une influence considérable sur la productivité, les compétences, la distribution des revenus, le bien-être et l’environnement. Mieux les pouvoirs publics et les entreprises sauront appréhender cette transformation prochaine de la production, mieux ils seront à même d’en maîtriser les risques et d’en concrétiser les avantages.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264293151
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (63 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Getting Skills Right
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Getting skills right: Chile
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Getting skills right: Chile
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Berufsbildungspolitik ; Bildungspolitik ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Chile ; Education ; Employment ; Chile ; Chile ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Berufsbildungspolitik
    Abstract: This study analyses the relationship between skills and labour market outcomes in Chile with a specific focus on disadvantaged groups: youth, women and the low-skilled. It examines the proficiency of the Chilean population in literacy, numeracy and problem solving in a technological-rich environment and disentangles the relationship between proficiency and labour market outcomes in Chile. The study also devotes significant attention to the demand for skills, by describing the use of skills at work in Chile and identifying its key determinants, as well as assessing the extent of skills mismatch and its implications for individuals. Throughout the study, differences between sociodemographic groups are highlighted to investigate the roots of labour market disadvantage.
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264301757
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Series Statement: Higher Education
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Higher education in Norway
    Keywords: Hochschule ; Absolventen ; Hochschulpolitik ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Norwegen ; Education ; Employment ; Economics ; Norway
    Abstract: The higher education system in Norway generally produces graduates with good skills and labour market outcomes. This success can be largely attributed to Norway’s robust and inclusive labour market and recent higher education reforms to improve quality. However, some Norwegian students have poor labour market outcomes and past success is no guarantee of future success, especially as the Norwegian economy upskills and diversifies. This report provides advice and recommendations to improve the labour market relevance and the outcomes of higher education in Norway. The analysis finds that there is an opportunity to expand work-based learning opportunities, improve career guidance, and do a better job of using innovative learning and teaching practices to improve labour market relevance across the system. The report concludes that Norwegian policy makers have a larger role to play in steering the system. Policy makers can set the conditions for greater labour market relevance by strengthening the mechanism for collaboration between higher education institutions and employers, ensuring better coordination and use of labour market information, and redoubling efforts to support quality learning and teaching. This report was developed as part of the OECD Enhancing Higher Education System Performance project.
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264306264 , 9789264307117 , 9789264307100
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als SME and entrepreneurship policy in Indonesia 2018
    Keywords: 2018 ; KMU ; Unternehmer ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Indonesien ; Employment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; Indonesia
    Abstract: SMEs play an important role for economic growth and social inclusion in Indonesia. Based on data from the Ministry of Co-operatives and SMEs, Indonesian SMEs account for nearly 97% of domestic employment and for 56% of total business investment. Indonesia has a Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) Law and a specific ministry dedicated to co-operatives and SMEs. The wealth of public programmes for SMEs could be streamlined, and more could be done to support innovative companies able to generate productive jobs and participate in international markets. The development and implementation of an SME strategy would be instrumental to improve the overall coherence of national policy measures, objectives and measurable targets. The review of SME and entrepreneurship policy of Indonesia is part of a peer-reviewed series, by the OECD Working Party on SMEs and Entrepreneurship, which aims to improve the design, implementation and effectiveness of national SME and entrepreneurship policies.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264288287
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: 2018 ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Australien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Australia ; Australien ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Abstract: Australia has always been a nation of immigrants. More than one quarter of its population in 2015 was born abroad. Immigrants make an important economic and demographic contribution and help address skill and labour shortages. Labour migration is managed through a complex, but well-functioning and effective system which sets and respects annual migration targets. In recent years, the labour migration system has shifted from a mainly supply-driven system to a system where demand-driven migration represents close to half of the permanent skilled migration programme and demand-driven temporary migration has also risen sharply. In addition, two-step migration has gained ground in recent years. The review examines the implications of these changes for the composition of immigrants and their labour market outcomes. Moreover, it discusses recent changes in the tools used to manage labour migration and provides a detailed analysis on the impact of the introduction of SkillSelect on the efficiency of the system. Finally, the review discusses the extent to which the current labour migration system responds to the labour market needs of Australia's States and Territories.
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  • 95
    ISBN: 9789264310179 , 9789264310162 , 9789264308459
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Skills strategy implementation guidance for Slovenia
    Keywords: Erwachsenenbildung ; Qualifikation ; Bildungspolitik ; Slowenien ; Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Slovenia ; Slowenien ; Erwachsenenbildung
    Abstract: A well-coordinated adult learning system will be essential to support the achievement of Slovenia’s long-term development goals. The transformational effects of globalisation, technological progress and demographic change on life at work and outside of it amplify the importance of getting adults’ skills right. OECD research shows that individuals, employers and society benefit from adults having higher levels of skills. Slovenia has achieved significant improvements in student performance and tertiary attainment in recent decades. Yet today, many adults in Slovenia have only low levels of basic skills. Participation in adult learning remains below Slovenia’s targets, especially for low-skilled, unemployed and older adults, and workers in small businesses. Against the backdrop of a growing economy and awareness about the importance of skills, Slovenia’s government, social partners and stakeholders have a unique opportunity to improve how they share responsibility and work together in the adult learning system. This report outlines how Slovenia can strengthen the enabling conditions for co-operation, co-operation between specific actors (ministries, municipalities and stakeholders), and co-operation on specific challenges (promotion and financing). It recommends eight actions that government, social partners and stakeholders can take to strengthen co-ordination and co-operation, in order to improve participation, outcomes and cost-effectiveness in adult learning.
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264301450
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als SME and entrepreneurship policy in Kazakhstan 2018
    Keywords: 2018 ; KMU ; Unternehmer ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Mittelstandspolitik ; Kasachstan ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; Kazakhstan ; Kasachstan ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Entrepreneurship
    Abstract: The government of Kazakhstan has set an objective to substantially increase the contribution of SMEs and entrepreneurs to employment and value added in the economy. Although there are large numbers of SMEs and entrepreneurs in the country, achieving this growth will require a step change in the productivity of existing SMEs and the emergence of many more medium-sized and growth-oriented firms. This report shows the important achievements of the government in creating a clear vision and structures for SME and entrepreneurship policy, including major improvements in business regulations and through the introduction of the Business Road Map 2020 programme offering direct supports to SMEs and entrepreneurs in areas such as financing and infrastructure. It also highlights the current challenge of doing more to strengthen management capabilities, skills, and innovation in SMEs and new enterprises, and makes a range of specific recommendations for policy actions including further building the incubator and Entrepreneurship Support Centre infrastructure, introducing dedicated support for high-growth potential enterprises, and stimulating supply chain linkages around foreign director investors.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264304116
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (68 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Working together for local integration of migrants and refugees in Athens
    Keywords: Flüchtlinge ; Migranten ; Soziale Integration ; Athen ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Greece
    Abstract: Migrants, including native-born children with migrant parents, account for 23% of Athens’ population (664 046 people), while the number of refugees and asylum seekers has rapidly increased since 2015 and is currently estimated at 18 000. To respond to the refugee inflow, Athens developed bold and innovative initiatives, often beyond their direct responsibilities, and sought supra-national and non-state sources of funding (i.e. Stavros Niarchos Foundation, British American Tobacco, etc.). This emphasis on reception and integration of newcomers is the result of strong political will and cooperation with non-state actors, in line with the city's broader priorities since 2010 including anti-discrimination and improving equal access to social services. Integrating newcomers through jobs is particularly challenging given the high unemployment rate that Greece has experienced. In addition, newcomers often have the desire to continue their journey towards northern European countries, reducing their incentives to integrate and learn Greek. While identifying various innovative practices, the OECD case study of Athens highlights the need for more reliable sources of financing and dialogue among levels of government. Data on migrant integration at the local level would support more evidence-based national, regional and local policy making.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264311589 , 9789264311572 , 9789264308817
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (392 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Des emplois de qualité pour tous dans un monde du travail en mutation : La stratégie de l’OCDE pour l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Good jobs for all in a changing world of work
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik
    Abstract: The digital revolution, globalisation and demographic changes are transforming labour markets at a time when policy makers are also struggling with persistently slow productivity and wage growth and high levels of income inequality. The new OECD Jobs Strategy provides a comprehensive framework and detailed policy analysis and recommendations to help countries promote not only strong job creation but also foster job quality and inclusiveness as central policy priorities, while emphasising the importance of resilience and adaptability for good economic and labour market performance in a rapidly changing world of work. The key message is that flexibility-enhancing policies in product and labour markets are necessary but not sufficient. Policies and institutions that protect workers, foster inclusiveness and allow workers and firms to make the most of ongoing changes are also needed to promote good and sustainable outcomes. “The OECD’s latest Jobs Strategy is a smart and sensible updating and rethinking of how countries should advance the goal of shared prosperity. I hope policymakers around the world not only read it but take its important advice.” Jason Furman, Professor Harvard Kennedy School and former Chairman of President Obama’s Council of Economic Advisers “Inequality, economic insecurity, economic exclusion, are making the headlines. Anger is high, populist rhetoric is on the rise. What can be done? What strategies to adopt? These are the challenging questions taken up by the new OECD Jobs Strategy report. I hope the report triggers the very serious discussions these issues deserve.” Olivier Blanchard, Senior Fellow at the Peterson Institute, Emeritus Professor at MIT and former Chief Economist of the IMF
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264203426
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (332 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe The Pursuit of Gender Equality: An Uphill Battle
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Les inégalités entre les femmes et les hommes persistent dans tous les domaines de la vie sociale et économique et dans tous les pays. Les jeunes femmes des pays de l’OCDE poursuivent généralement de plus longues études que les jeunes hommes, mais elles sont moins susceptibles que ces derniers d’exercer une activité rémunérée. Les écarts se creusent avec l’âge en règle générale, notamment parce que la maternité a des effets négatifs sur la rémunération et la progression professionnelles des femmes. Celles-ci ont aussi moins tendance à créer leur entreprise, et elles sont sous-représentées au niveau des fonctions dirigeantes dans le secteur privé et dans les institutions publiques. Les Recommandations de 2013 et 2015 de l’OCDE sur l’égalité hommes-femmes fournissent des indications sur les moyens de faire progresser l’égalité entre les sexes en matière d’éducation, d’emploi et d’entrepreneuriat et dans la vie publique ; cet ouvrage examine l’évolution récente dans ces domaines en commençant par en donner une vue d’ensemble, puis en présentant 24 courts chapitres qui exposent chacun les principales conclusions dégagées, ainsi que des recommandations pour l’action. Parmi les thèmes traités figurent la violence contre les femmes, la budgétisation sexo-spécifique, le partage inégal du travail non rémunéré, la situation des femmes sur le marché du travail et au sein des migrations internationales. Les disparités existant entre les sexes sont illustrées par une série d’indicateurs. Sont en outre décrites des initiatives récemment prises par les pouvoirs publics, par exemple pour accroître la transparence des salaires dans le but de réduire les écarts de rémunération entre les femmes et les hommes, ou pour encourager les pères à prendre un congé parental. Dans l’ensemble, les progrès sont lents ; il est donc impératif que les pouvoirs publics intensifient leur action pour mettre fin aux inégalités entre les femmes et les hommes dans les domaines de l’éducation, de l’emploi et de l’entrepreneuriat et dans la vie publique.
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264298644
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Bildungswesen ; Bildungspolitik ; Weiterbildung ; Italien ; Education ; Employment ; Italy ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Italy needs to take prompt action to bolster growth and improve people’s skills across the country. As our economies adapt to globalisation, technological and demographic change, the demand for new and higher levels of skills increases. Yet Italy is struggling more than other advanced economies to meet these changing demands. Italy has launched a number of ambitious reforms to boost growth. But the reforms need to fully implement to ensure that schools, universities and workplaces equip all Italians with the skills needed for success in the economy and society. The OECD Skills Strategy Diagnostic Report makes a number of recommendations that will help sustain this positive momentum including, among others, to: Implement the Alternanza Scuola Lavoro (ASL) by training school principals and teachers to effectively engage employers in the design of work-based learning activities and increase incentives for firms to hire trainees. Expand and improve the quality of professional tertiary education institutions (ITS). Increase overall investment in tertiary education Subsidise training programmes that target low-skilled adults who often face difficulties in accessing such opportunities. Increase public and private investment in skills and improve how they are allocated through monitoring and evaluation. Improve the governance system to ensure that skills polices are aligned and coordinated.
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