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  • Internationale Energieagentur  (12)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (12)
  • London [u.a.] : Routledge
  • Klimaschutz  (7)
  • Kohlendioxid  (5)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Africa Energy Outlook 2022 (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264966192
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Africa energy outlook 2022
    Keywords: Energie ; Energiewirtschaft ; Energieversorgung ; Elektrizitätsversorgung ; Wirtschaftskrise ; Wirkung ; Auswirkung ; Energiebedarf ; Erneuerbare Energien ; Kapitalbeschaffung ; Klimaschutz ; Energiepolitik ; Strukturanpassung ; Beschäftigung ; Arbeit ; Szenario ; Energy ; Afrika
    Abstract: Today’s global energy crisis underscores the urgency and magnitude of the task of transforming Africa’s energy sector, as well as the benefits of an accelerated shift to more affordable and cleaner sources of energy.The Africa Energy Outlook 2022 is a new special report from the International Energy Agency’s World Energy Outlook series. It explores pathways for Africa’s energy system to evolve toward achieving all African development goals, including universal access to modern and affordable energy services by 2030 and nationally determined contributions.The report analyses infrastructure expansion needs, investment requirements, financing options and energy policy priorities. It also explores a shifting fuel mix that supports resilient development, opportunities for new exports, and just transition issues – including energy access, affordability and employment.
    DOI: 10.1787/2abd9ce2-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Direct air capture : a key technology for net zero (2022)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264585874
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (74 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Keywords: Energy ; Carbon dioxide capture and storage ; Sequestrierung ; Kohlendioxid ; Abscheidung ; Methode ; Forschungsprojekt
    Abstract: Direct air capture plays an important and growing role in net zero pathways. Capturing CO2 directly from the air and permanently storing it removes the CO2 from the atmosphere, providing a way to balance emissions that are difficult to avoid, including from long-distance transport and heavy industry, as well as offering a solution for legacy emissions. Air-captured CO2 can also be used as a climate-neutral feedstock for a range of products that require a source of carbon. In the IEA Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario, direct air capture technologies capture more than 85 Mt of CO2 in 2030 and around 980 MtCO2 in 2050, requiring a large and accelerated scale-up from almost 0.01 MtCO2 today. Currently 18 direct air capture facilities are operating in Canada, Europe and the United States. The first large-scale direct air capture plant of up to 1 MtCO2/year is in advanced development and is expected to be operating in the United States by the mid-2020s. This report explores the growing momentum behind direct air capture, together with the opportunities and challenges for scaling up the deployment of direct air capture technologies consistent with net zero goals. It considers the current status of these technologies, their potential for cost reductions, their future energy needs, and the optimal locations for direct air capture facilities. Finally, the report identifies the key drivers for direct air capture investment and priorities for policy action.
    DOI: 10.1787/bbd20707-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An Energy Sector Roadmap to Carbon Neutrality in China (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264816626
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Keywords: Klimaschutz ; Klimapolitik ; Energiewende ; Energiepolitik ; China ; Energy ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: In September 2020, President Xi Jinping announced that the People’s Republic of China will “aim to have CO2 emissions peak before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060”. Amid the growing wave of governments around the world setting targets for reaching net zero emissions, no pledge is as significant as China’s. The country is the world’s largest energy consumer and carbon emitter, accounting for one-third of global CO2 emissions. The pace of China’s emissions reductions will be an important factor in global efforts to limit global warming to 1.5 °C. This report, An Energy Sector Roadmap to Carbon Neutrality in China, responds to the Chinese government’s invitation to the International Energy Agency to cooperate on long-term strategies by setting out pathways for reaching carbon neutrality in China’s energy sector. It shows that achieving carbon neutrality fits with China’s broader development goals, such as increasing prosperity and shifting towards innovation-driven growth. The first pathway in this Roadmap – the Announced Pledges Scenario – reflects the enhanced targets China announced in 2020. The report also explores the implications of a faster transition – the Accelerated Transition Scenario – and the socio-economic benefits it would bring beyond those associated with reducing the impact of climate change. This Roadmap examines the technology challenges and opportunities that this new phase of the clean energy transition will bring for China’s development, with a focus on long-term needs. The technology innovations required in the Chinese context are a key in-depth focus area. The report concludes with a series of policy considerations to inform China’s energy debate.
    DOI: 10.1787/5f517ddb-en
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Achieving Net Zero Electricity Sectors in G7 Members (2021)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264426580
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (102 p.)
    Keywords: Elektrizitätswirtschaft ; Klimaschutz ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; G7-Staaten ; Energy ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: Achieving Net Zero Electricity Sectors in G7 Members is a new report by the International Energy Agency that provides a roadmap to driving down CO2 emissions from electricity generation to net zero by 2035, building on analysis in Net Zero by 2050: A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector. The new report was requested by the United Kingdom, under its G7 Presidency, and followed the G7 leaders’ commitment in June 2021 to reach “an overwhelmingly decarbonised” power system in the 2030s and net zero emissions across their economies no later than 2050. It is designed to inform policy makers, industry, investors and citizens in advance of the COP26 Climate Change Conference in Glasgow that begins at the end of October 2021. Starting from recent progress and the current state of play of electricity in the G7, the report analyses the steps needed to achieve net zero emissions from electricity, and considers the wider implications for energy security, employment and affordability. It identifies key milestones, emerging challenges and opportunities for innovation. The report also underscores how G7 members can foster innovation through international collaboration and, as first movers, lower the cost of technologies for other countries while maintaining electricity security and placing people at the centre of clean energy transitions.
    DOI: 10.1787/a5022b0e-en
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Technology Roadmap: Carbon Capture and Storage (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264088122
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p.)
    Series Statement: IEA Technology Roadmaps
    Keywords: Carbon dioxide capture and storage ; Energietechnik ; Finanzierung ; Gesetz ; Entwicklung ; Tendenz ; Szenario ; Reduktion ; Rückgang ; Kohlendioxid ; Internationale Kooperation ; Umweltpolitik ; Global Kohlendioxid-Abscheidung und -Lagerung ; Energietechnik ; Finanzierung ; Rechtliche Regelung ; Entwicklungsperspektive und -tendenz ; Szenario ; Reduzierung/Rückgang ; Kohlendioxid ; Internationale umweltpolitische Zusammenarbeit ; Energy ; Erde
    Abstract: This energy technology roadmap on carbon capture and storage (CCS) identifies, for the first time, a detailed scenario for the technology’s growth from a handful of large-scale projects today to over three thousand projects by 2050. It finds that the next decade is a key “make or break” period for CCS; governments, industry and public stakeholders must act rapidly to demonstrate CCS at scale around the world in a variety of settings. The roadmap concludes with a set of near-term actions that stakeholders will need to take to achieve the roadmap’s vision.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264088122-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Technology Roadmap: Wind Energy (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264088184
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p.)
    Series Statement: IEA Technology Roadmaps
    Keywords: Windenergie ; Energietechnik ; Entwicklung ; Tendenz ; Investition ; Kosten-Nutzen-Kalkulation ; Energiepolitik ; Umweltpolitik ; Einstellung ; Akteur ; Energiewirtschaft ; Reduktion ; Rückgang ; Kohlendioxid ; Global Windkraft ; Energietechnik ; Entwicklungsperspektive und -tendenz ; Investition ; Kosten-Nutzen-Relation ; Energiepolitik ; Umweltpolitik ; Haltung von Akteuren zu Einzelfragen ; Energiewirtschaft ; Reduzierung/Rückgang ; Kohlendioxid ; Energy ; Erde
    Abstract: Wind energy is perhaps the most advanced of the “new” renewable energy technologies, but there is still much work to be done. This energy technology roadmap identifies the key tasks that must be undertaken in order to achieve a vision of over 2 000 GW of wind energy capacity by 2050. Governments, industry, research institutions and the wider energy sector will need to work together to achieve this goal.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264088184-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transport Energy and CO2 : Moving towards Sustainability (2009)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264073173
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (416 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Transport, energy and CO 2
    DDC: 628.5/32
    RVK:
    AR 27700
    Keywords: Verkehr ; Kraftstoff ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Welt ; Energy ; OECD ; Verkehrspolitik ; Klimaschutz ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: Car ownership is set to triple by 2050, trucking activity will double and air travel could increase fourfold. This book examines how to enable mobility without accelerating climate change. It finds that if we change the way we travel, adopt technologies to improve vehicle efficiency and shift to low-CO2 fuels, we can move onto a different pathway where transport CO2 emissions by 2050 are far below current levels, at costs that are lower than many assume. The report discusses the prospects for shifting more travel to the most efficient modes and reducing travel growth rates, improving vehicle fuel efficiency by up to 50% using cost-effective, incremental technologies, and moving toward electricity, hydrogen, and advanced biofuels to achieve a more secure and sustainable transport future. If governments implement strong policies to achieve this scenario, transport can play its role and dramatically reduce CO2 emissions by 2050.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264073173-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    CO2 Capture and Storage: A Key Carbon Abatement Option (2008)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264041417
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Energy ; Gasspeicherung ; Kohlendioxid ; Unterirdische Lagerung ; Speichergestein ; Kohlendioxid ; Abscheidung ; Speicher ; Endlagerung ; Methode
    Abstract: Oil, coal and natural gas will remain the world’s dominant sources of energy over the next decades, with resulting carbon dioxide emissions set to increase to unsustainable levels. However, technologies that help reduce CO2 emissions from fossil fuels can reverse this trend. CO2 capture and storage (CCS) is particularly promising. CCS takes CO2 from large stationary sources and stores it in deep geological layers to prevent its release into the atmosphere. Responding to a G8 Gleneagles request, this study documents progress toward the development of CCS, covering capture, transportation and storage technologies and their costs; storage capacity estimates, regional assessment of CCS potential; legal and regulatory frameworks; public awareness and outreach strategies; and financial mechanisms and international mechanisms. It also discusses the role of CCS in ambitious new energy scenarios that aim for substantial emissions reduction. This publication elaborates the potential of CCS in coal-fuelled electricity generation and estimates for capture in the industry and fuel transformation sectors. Finally, it assesses the infrastructure needed to process and transport large volumes of CO2.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264041417-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Climate Policy Uncertainty and Investment Risk (2007)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264030152
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (130 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Blyth, William Climate policy uncertainty and investment risk
    RVK:
    QT 200
    RVK:
    AR 28000
    Keywords: Klimaschutz ; Energiewirtschaft ; Investition ; Climatic changes Economic aspects ; Climatic changes Government policy ; Energy industries Environmental aspects ; Energy policy ; Investments Environmental aspects ; Power resources Government policy ; Energy ; Klimaschutz ; Energiewirtschaft ; Investitionsverhalten ; Risikokosten
    Abstract: Our climate is changing. Less certain, however, is the timing and magnitude of climate change, and the cost of transition to a low-carbon world. This book identifies how climate change policy uncertainty may affect investment behaviour in the power sector. For power companies, where capital stock is intensive and long-lived, those risks rank among the biggest and can create an incentive to delay investment. Our analysis results show that the risk premiums of climate change uncertainty can add 40% of construction costs of the plant for power investors, and 10% of price surcharges for the electricity end-users. Climate Policy Uncertainty and Investment Risk tells what can be done in policy design to reduce these costs.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264030152-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimising Russian Natural Gas : Reform and Climate Policy (2006)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264109872
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (250 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Optimising Russian natural gas
    RVK:
    QG 480
    RVK:
    QR 534
    RVK:
    QT 200
    Keywords: Rahmenübereinkommen der Vereinten Nationen über Klimaänderungen ; Gaswirtschaft ; Erdgasvorkommen ; Gasversorgung ; Umweltbelastung ; Klimaschutz ; Internationale Umweltpolitik ; Russland ; Klimaänderung ; Umweltschutz ; Energiequelle ; Energieträger ; Erdgas ; Schadstoffemission ; Reduktion ; Rückgang ; Implementation ; Natürliche Ressourcen ; Umweltzertifikathandel ; Treibhausgas ; Methan ; Energy ; Russland ; Russland ; Energieeinsparung ; Technologie ; Umweltpolitik ; Erdgasproduktion
    Abstract: The world’s largest gas producer and exporter, Russia has an enormous energy saving potential. At least 30 billion cubic meters – a fifth of Russian exports to European OECD countries -- could be saved every year by enhanced technology or energy efficiency. As the era of cheap gas in Russia comes to an end, this potential saving is increasingly important for Russians and importing countries. This book analyses and estimates the potential savings and the associated reductions in greenhouse gas emissions that could be achieved in the oil extraction (flaring), gas transmission and distribution sectors. It also describes Russia’s emerging climate policy and institutional framework, including work still ahead before the country is eligible for the Kyoto Protocol’s flexibility mechanisms and can attract financing for greenhouse gas reductions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264109872-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 11
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    Online Resource
    Act Locally, Trade Globally : Emissions trading for climate policy (2005)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264109544
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Baron, Richard Act locally, trade globally
    DDC: 363.7387
    RVK:
    AR 28300
    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Umweltabkommen ; Klimaschutz ; Welt ; Emissionshandel ; Energy ; Klima ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltzertifikathandel
    Abstract: Climate policy raises a number of challenges for the energy sector, the most significant being the transition from a high to a low-CO2 energy path in a few decades. Act Locally, Trade Globally seeks to provide a complete picture of the future role of emissions trading in climate policy and the energy sector. It offers an overview of existing trading systems, their mechanisms, and looks into the future of the instrument for limiting greenhouse gas emissions.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264109544-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beyond Kyoto : Energy Dynamics and Climate Stabilisation (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264171022
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 363.738/74
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Klimaänderung ; Kohlendioxid ; Energiepolitik
    Abstract: Mitigating climate change will require profound changes in world energy production and use. While the full effects of climate change are not likely to be felt for decades, the need for action is more immediate, for changes in greenhouse gas concentrations are almost irreversible. Solutions exist in the form of energy efficiency improvements, fuel switching to non-carbon sources, and carbon recovery and storage. But the long-term costs of mitigation and the precise extent and pace of climate damage remain uncertain. So policy-makers face the task of conceiving and implementing measures in a context of uncertainty – and global inequity -, and run the risk of taking either excessive or insufficient action. This volume details the options available in the energy sector to reduce climate change. It explores the type of international agreement that could cope with the uncertainty inherent in implementing a climate program at the national and international level. It identifies mechanisms to deal with both international equity and economic uncertainty, and addresses the fundamental question: how can we proceed beyond Kyoto?
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264171022-en
    URL: Volltext
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