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  • 1995-1999  (14)
  • 1990-1994  (1)
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (9)
  • Elias, Peter  (2)
  • Kalisch, David  (2)
  • Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques  (2)
  • Märchenstiftung Walter Kahn
  • Social Issues/Migration/Health  (15)
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Verlag/Herausgeber
  • 1
    ISBN: 9789264164093
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (214 p.) , ill.
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Fears of the prospect of growing social exclusion have become important concerns in recent years for many countries. Improving the quality of education and the standards attained by students to improve employability is one of the tools being used to prevent exclusion. However, changing social realities are leaving young children and students more exposed than ever to failure at school and unemployment. It is becoming increasingly clear that communities, education systems, schools and teachers are not equipped to deal with the many problems which arise and when social or health services become involved conflicts of interest can arise leading to actions which are not always in the clients' best interests. The necessity to provide greater co-ordination among these services, to improve their efficiency and effectiveness and to provide a seamless support to meet the holistic needs of students and their families is now becoming more accepted. Such an approach, inter alia, is community-based, emphasises prevention rather than being crisis-oriented, is customer-driven rather than being focused on an agency, and is accountable through outcomes rather than inputs. For many, better co-ordination of services is seen as the only solution available which is commensurate with our present democratic societies. All of the papers in this book were presented at a conference held in Toronto, Canada. They are original and have been written by policy-makers from different ministries, researchers from different disciplines and clients who come variously from Canada, Finland, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, the UK, and the USA.
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264163133
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Préserver la prospérité dans une société vieillissante
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: Is ageing a threat to our societies' prosperity? How should resources be shared between the working generation and its dependent older citizens? How should pension, health and long-term care best be reformed? How can older people's contribution to society and economic prosperity be enhanced? Within the next decade, the numbers of retired people in OECD countries will start to grow much faster than those of working age. In the absence of major changes to pension systems and to the way people allocate their time between education, work and leisure, it is likely that fiscal and social strains will start to emerge. Some groups may be unfairly burdened through high taxation and others would face unexpected reductions in their material living standards. The appropriate policy response is multi-faceted, covering fiscal, social, labour market, financial market, health and education policies. An important part of the strategy for maintaining prosperity in an ageing society will involve encouraging people to work longer by making it financially more attractive for them to do so. In turn, this could entail reforms to traditional public pension systems and other social policies, as well as fostering the development of alternatives to public systems that give individuals more flexibility in deciding when to retire. Consequently, financial market infrastructures will need to be strengthened to cope with large increases in private pension fund assets. Through this multi-disciplinary study, the OECD points to the need to take action now by implementing a comprehensive and consistent set of policies.
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  • 3
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 163 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.33
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Les politiques sociales et de santé dans les pays de l'OCDE : Un examen des programmes actuels et des évolutions récentes
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: The responses of countries to the OECD Caring World questionnaire, together with other available information, provides a good basis for summarising the main social policy trends with respect to the broad coverage of social protection arrangements, assistance for families, assistance for unemployed people of working age, retirement incomes, health care, long-term care and housing assistance. In terms of the broad coverage of social security measures, the main developments have been some tightening of eligibility, particularly for new migrants, and increased importance of social assistance measures. Countries have responded to concerns about the incidence of social exclusion, often through comprehensive, integrated measures which include income support as well as measures to assist people back into mainstream activities of society. With general family assistance measures, some countries have pursued greater means-testing of benefits, at the same time as some payments have been ...
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  • 4
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 178 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Social and Health Policies in OECD Countries: A Survey of Current Programmes and Recent Developments
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Les réponses des pays au questionnaire de l’OCDE établi dans le cadre de l'Initiative pour un monde solidaire, avec d'autres informations dont on dispose par ailleurs, constituent une bonne base pour caractériser les grandes tendances de la politique sociale concernant l'étendue de la protection sociale, l'aide aux familles, l'aide aux chômeurs d'âge actif, les revenus des retraités, les soins de santé, une prise en charge à long terme et l'aide au logement. En ce qui concerne l'étendue des dispositifs de sécurité sociale, on est allé vers un resserrement des conditions d'admission au bénéfice des prestations, en particulier pour les nouveaux migrants, et vers un renforcement du rôle de l’aide sociale. Les pays ont réagi à la montée de l'exclusion sociale souvent par des mesures d'ensemble, intégrées, notamment des mesures de garantie de revenu, ainsi que par des mesures destinées à favoriser la réinsertion dans la société. En ce qui concerne l'aide aux familles, certains pays ont ...
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789264163874
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (110 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: As economic globalisation runs its seemingly relentless course, the demands on OECD economies' flexibility are set to increase still further in the years to come. What kind of society will be able to cope with these pressures? How much and what kinds of adaptability will be required of individuals, institutions and enterprises? What forces will hold OECD societies together in an environment shaped by intense international competition and fast-moving technological change? This publication looks into the prospects for societal cohesion in tomorrow's world. It assesses the long-run implications of continuing with the current set of policies, and examines ideas that may help societies strike a sustainable balance between economic flexibility and a cohesive social fabric.
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264162891
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'investissement dans le capital humain ; Une comparaison internationale
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. L'investissement dans le capital humain : Une comparaison internationale
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Investment in human capital is to the fore of debate and analysis in OECD countries about how to promote economic prosperity, fuller employment, and social cohesion. Individuals, organisations and nations increasingly recognise that high levels of knowledge, skills and competencies are essential to their future security and success. Investment in skills and competencies takes place in a variety of settings ranging from early childhood education to informal learning in the workplace, and involves a wide range of actors from individuals to enterprises and governments. This report aims to clarify what is now known about human capital and how it can be measured. It responds to a request by governments represented in the OECD Council "to develop an initial set of indicators of human capital investment based on existing data, analyse areas where significant gaps remain in internationally comparable data, identify the cost of development of data collection for new measures and performance indicators, and report to Ministers in 1998".
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789264262898
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (124 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Human Capital Investment; An international Comparison
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Human Capital Investment: An international Comparison
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: L'investissement dans le capital humain se situe au coeur du débat et de l'analyse, en cours dans les pays de l'OCDE, sur les moyens de promouvoir prospérité économique, plein emploi et cohésion sociale. Les individus, les organisations et les pays prennent progressivement conscience que les connaissances, les qualifications et les compétences acquises constituent un atout essentiel pour leur sécurité et leur réussite à venir. L'investissement dans les qualifications et les compétences s'inscrit dans un ensemble diversifié de paramètres allant de l'éducation préscolaire à l'apprentissage informel en entreprise, et fait intervenir une multitude d'acteurs, au nombre desquels les individus, les entreprises et les pouvoirs publics. L'objectif de ce rapport est de mettre en lumière ce que l'on sait aujourd'hui sur le capital humain et sur les moyens de le mesurer. Il répond à la demande des gouvernements représentés au Conseil de l'OCDE de « mettre au point une première série d'indicateurs de l'investissement en capital humain sur la base des données existantes, d'analyser les domaines dans lesquels on manque encore largement de données comparables au niveau international, de déterminer le coût des travaux et de la collecte des données nécessaires à de nouveaux indicateurs de performance et autres mesures et de faire rapport aux ministres en 1998 » .
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789264163423
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Serie: Programme on Educational Building - PEB Papers
    DDC: 370
    Schlagwort(e): Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Recent years have seen a number of initiatives which seek to provide a range of community services on school sites, including adult education and other social and welfare services. These developments aim at co-ordinating more effectively services which are usually provided separately while optimizing the use of increasingly sophisticated and expensive educational buildings and equipment. However, providing integrated services "under one roof" poses a number of practical problems. What is the rationale for integrated service provision? What are the implications for the local authorities, planners and architects in charge of designing school sites that meet new requirements? This report presents the main lessons learned from a conference held in Stockholm, drawing on case studies from Finland, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Quebec, Sweden and the United Kingdom. The case studies provide a wealth of examples of solutions to the challenge of optimizing the use of existing schools by better integrating them into local communities and by promoting new synergies with other services.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789264263130
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (156 p.) , ill.
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Maintaining Prosperity in an Ageing Society
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Kurzfassung: Le vieillissement des populations menace-t-il la prospérité de nos sociétés ? Comment les ressources devraient-elles être réparties entre la génération des actifs et les personnes âgées qui en dépendent ? Comment réformer au mieux les systèmes de retraite, de santé et de soins de longue durée ? Comment mettre en valeur la contribution des personnes âgées à la société et à la prospérité économique ? D'ici dix ans, le nombre des retraités commencera de croître beaucoup plus vite que celui des personnes d'âge actif dans les pays de l'OCDE. Si des changements fondamentaux n'interviennent pas dans les systèmes de retraite et dans la répartition du temps entre formation, travail et temps libre, des tensions budgétaires et sociales risquent de se faire jour. Certains groupes pourraient être injustement soumis à une lourde fiscalité alors que d'autres constateraient une dégradation inattendue de leur niveau de vie. Pour qu'elle soit pertinente, la réponse des pouvoirs publics doit être diversifiée, et faire intervenir les politiques budgétaires et sociales, mais aussi les politiques du marché du travail, de la santé et de l'éducation. Encourager les gens à travailler plus longtemps, en rendant financièrement plus intéressante la poursuite d'une activité, est au coeur de la stratégie à mettre en oeuvre pour préserver la prospérité dans une société vieillissante. Sans doute faudra-t-il aussi réformer les systèmes publics de retraite traditionnels et les autres politiques sociales et encourager le développement de formules destinées à remplacer les systèmes de retraite publics et donnant aux individus plus de souplesse pour planifier leur départ en retraite. L'infrastructure des marchés financiers devra par conséquent être renforcée pour absorber la forte augmentation des avoirs détenus par les fonds de pension privés. A travers cette étude pluridisciplinaire, l'OCDE souligne la nécessité d'agir dès à présent en mettant en place un train de politiques cohérent et complet.
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 26 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.31
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: OECD countries as a whole have experienced modest annual output growth of some 2 1/2 per cent over the past four years. But unemployment remains unacceptably high -- having fallen only slightly from its peak of 38 million in 1993 to the current 35 million or 7 per cent of the workforce -- and wage and income disparities have widened in many countries, posing potential risks to social cohesion. These trends have prompted much debate on their causes, consequences and remedies. These are among the issues that the OECD has analyzed and discussed with Member countries since 1992 in the context of its Jobs Strategy work. OECD Ministers have endorsed the Jobs Strategy recommendations and called last May for greater reform efforts. More recently the meeting of OECD Labour Ministers last October emphasised the need for policies for low-paid and unskilled job seekers, enhancing the effectiveness of active labour market policies and lifelong learning to maintain employability, issues ...
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  • 11
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 37 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.28
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ireland
    Kurzfassung: This submission provides a brief factual survey of statutory minimum wage systems in OECD countries (Section B) as well as a summary of recommendations concerning minimum wages which have been presented in the OECD Jobs Study and recent OECD Economic Surveys (Section C). This is followed by a discussion of the factors which should be considered when reviewing the likely effects of statutory minimum wages on employment and unemployment (Section D), and on low pay and poverty (Section E). It is based on recent empirical evidence from OECD countries and, whenever possible, discusses the relevance of the different factors characterising minimum wages for the Irish context. The need for further research is discussed in Section F.
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.29
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United Kingdom
    Kurzfassung: This submission provides a brief factual survey of statutory minimum wage systems in OECD countries (Section B) as well as a summary of recommendations concerning minimum wages which have been presented in the OECD Jobs Study and recent OECD Economic Surveys (Section C). This is followed by a discussion of the factors which should be considered when reviewing the likely effects of statutory minimum wages on employment and unemployment (Section D), and on low pay and poverty (Section E). It is based on recent empirical evidence from OECD countries and, whenever possible, discusses the relevance of the different factors characterising minimum wage for the UK context. The need for further research is discussed in Section F.
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  • 13
    Sprache: Französisch
    Seiten: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. Occupational Classification (ISCO-88): Concepts, Methods, Reliability, Validity and Cross-National Comparability
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: Le présent document traite de diverses questions relatives à l’application statistique d’une classification des professions, et plus particulièrement de l’utilisation de la classification internationale type, la CITP-88. Après un bref rappel des concepts sur lesquels repose la CITP-88 et des méthodes de la collecte et de codage des informations sur les professions, des observations sont présentées au sujet de la fiabilité et de la validité des données ventilées par profession. Ce document fait le point des progrès réalisés dans la mise en oeuvre de la CITP-88 à l’échelle mondiale et évalue la comparabilité probable, d’un pays à un autre, des données sur les professions fondées sur la CITP-88. D’après les informations dont on dispose, il semble que la CITP-88 ait réussi à supplanter la CITP-68 et soit devenue, dans de nombreux pays, le modèle d’une nouvelle classification nationale des professions même lorsqu’il en existait déjà une. La classification des professions n’en demeure pas ...
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  • 14
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 23 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.20
    Paralleltitel: Parallelausg. La classification des professions (CITP-88) : Concepts, méthodes, fiabilité, validité et comparabilité internationale
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: This paper considers a range of topics concerned with the statistical application of an occupational classification, focusing in particular upon the use of the international standard, ISCO-88. Following a brief presentation of the conceptual basis of ISCO-88 and on methods of collecting and coding occupational information, evidence is presented on the reliability and validity of occupationally classified data. The paper reviews progress on the implementation of ISCO-88 on a global basis and presents an assessment of the likely comparability between countries of occupational data based upon ISCO-88. From the evidence available it appears that ISCO-88 has successfully superseded ISCO-68 and, in many countries, has become the model for a new national classification even where a national classification of occupations previously existed. However, occupational classification remains a difficult process, subject to a fairly low level of reliability. In addition to problems of reliability ...
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  • 15
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 95 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Serie: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.13
    Schlagwort(e): Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Kurzfassung: The objective of the Compendium of sources of earnings statistics is to provide a means of information for assessing earnings statistics’ comparability across OECD countries. However, the Compendium is also designed to be a source of information on any earnings-related matter, especially international studies of earnings. This note includes the following: i) a brief summary of the information contained in the Compendium, particularly on the types of sources available; ii) a general discussion about some of the aspects that should be taken into account when making comparisons of earnings statistics among the OECD member countries; iii) some concluding remarks. B. A Summary of the Compendium of Sources of Earnings Statistics 1. Background of the Compendium The compendium is the result of a joint effort by the Secretariat, Eurostat and OECD member countries. The paper version of the questionnaire was sent to each country in July 1990, and the electronic version in September 1990. After ...
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