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  • 2000-2004  (1)
  • 1995-1999  (46)
  • 1995  (46)
  • Edward Elgar Publishing
  • OECD
  • Safari Tech Books Online
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Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
Keywords
Subjects(RVK)
  • 1
    E-Resource
    E-Resource
    International sectoral databank (ISDB) : = Banque de donnees sectorielles internationales (BDSI) (1989-)
    [s.l.] : OECD
    Show associated volumes/articles
    Details
    Language: English , French
    Edition: [Elektronische Ressource]
    Series Statement: OECD statistics
    Keywords: Diskette
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    E-Resource
  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Grundqualifikationen, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft : Ergebnisse der ersten internationalen Untersuchung von Grundqualifikationen Erwachsener (1995)
    Paris : OECD [u.a.] | Ottawa : Statistics Canada
    Details
    ISBN: 9264546553
    Language: German
    Pages: 219 S. , graph. Darst.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Literacy, economy and society
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Littératie, économie et société
    RVK:
    DV 3000
    RVK:
    DW 1500
    RVK:
    QX 800
    Keywords: Schreib- und Lesefähigkeit ; Erwachsener ; Erwachsener ; Schreib- und Lesefähigkeit
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Literacy, economy and society. - Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Littératie, économie et société
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Book
    HU Berlin
    Würzburg UB
    KOBV
    BVB
  • 3
    Book
    Book
    Women in the city : housing, services and the urban environment ; [the OECD conference on "Women in the City ..." was held at OECD Headquarters in Paris on 4-6 October 1994] (1995)
    Paris : OECD
    Details
    ISBN: 9264145702
    Language: English
    Pages: 169 S , Ill
    DDC: 307.1216082
    Keywords: Women and city planning ; Congresses ; Urban women ; Congresses ; Women ; Housing ; Congresses ; Women ; Services for ; Congresses ; Konferenzschrift ; Frau ; Bürgerbeteiligung ; Frauenbewegung
    Note: Literaturangaben , Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Les femmes et la ville
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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    Book
    GBV
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The handbook of industrial innovation (1995)
    Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Pub
    Details
    ISBN: 9781781954201
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxvi, 453 p) , ill
    Series Statement: Elgar original reference
    Series Statement: Edward Elgar E-Book Archive
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von The handbook of industrial innovation
    DDC: 658.5/14
    RVK:
    QP 200
    RVK:
    QR 500
    Keywords: Innovation ; Innovationsmanagement ; Welt ; Technological innovations Handbooks, manuals, etc ; Electronic books ; Innovation ; Innovationsmanagement ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Innovationsmanagement
    Abstract: Industrial innovation is essential for national and corporate competitiveness. Understanding the nature, determinants and consequences of innovation is a key task of managers, public policymakers and all students of industry and business
    Abstract: pt. 1. The nature, sources and outcomes of industrial innovation -- pt. 2. Sectoral and industrial studies of innovation -- pt. 3. Key issues affecting innovation -- pt. 4. The strategic management of innovation -- pt. 5. Future challenges of innovation in a global perspective
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    DOI: 10.4337/9781781954201
    URL: Volltext
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 5
    Book
    Book
    Women in the city : housing, services, and the urban environment (1995)
    Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
    Details
    ISBN: 9264145702
    Language: English
    Pages: 169 S. , Ill.
    Parallel Title: Franz. Parallelausg. u.d.T. Les femmes et la ville
    DDC: 307.1216082
    RVK:
    QY 300
    Keywords: Frauen ; Stadtsoziologie ; Bürgerbeteiligung ; Stadtentwicklung ; Wohnungsmarkt ; OECD-Staaten ; Women and city planning ; Congresses ; Urban women ; Congresses ; Women ; Housing ; Congresses ; Women ; Services for ; Congresses ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift 1994 ; Konferenzschrift ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift 1994 ; Konferenzschrift ; Stadt ; Lebensbedingungen ; Frau ; Frau ; Bürgerbeteiligung ; Frauenbewegung
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Les femmes et la ville
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
    URL: Inhaltsverzeichnis
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    BSZ
    GBV
    KOBV
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The mythical man-month : essays on software engineering (1995)
    Reading, Mass. : Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. | Boston, MA :Safari,
    Details
    ISBN: 0201835959
    Language: English
    Pages: xiii, 322 p. , ill. ; , 24 cm
    Edition: Anniversary ed.
    Keywords: Software engineering ; Management ; Software engineering ; Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Few books on software project management have been as influential and timeless as The Mythical Man-Month . With a blend of software engineering facts and thought-provoking opinions, Fred Brooks offers insight for anyone managing complex projects. These essays draw from his experience as project manager for the IBM System/360 computer family and then for OS/360, its massive software system. Now, 20 years after the initial publication of his book, Brooks has revisited his original ideas and added new thoughts and advice, both for readers already familiar with his work and for readers discovering it for the first time. The added chapters contain (1) a crisp condensation of all the propositions asserted in the original book, including Brooks' central argument in The Mythical Man-Month: that large programming projects suffer management problems different from small ones due to the division of labor; that the conceptual integrity of the product is therefore critical; and that it is difficult but possible to achieve this unity; (2) Brooks' view of these propositions a generation later; (3) a reprint of his classic 1986 paper "No Silver Bullet"; and (4) today's thoughts on the 1986 assertion, "There will be no silver bullet within ten years."
    Note: Anniversary ed. has four new chapters. - Includes bibliographical references (p. 293-308) and index
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    When you can't find your UNIX system administrator (1995)
    Sebastopol, CA : O'Reilly | Boston, MA :Safari,
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: xiii, 139 p. , ill. ; , 24 cm
    Edition: 1st ed.
    Series Statement: What you need to know
    DDC: 005.4/3
    Keywords: UNIX (Computer file) ; Operating systems (Computers) ; Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: If you use UNIX, you know that it can be a technically challenging environment. And if you're like most users, you have a job to do aside from exploring your operating system -- like analyzing that hot new stock, running another experiment, or typesetting another report. What happens when you have problems? What happens when the system slows to a crawl, when you can't get logged back in after a power failure, or when you've sent a file to the printer three times but have yet to find a printout? Your first choice for handling a problem might be to have the problem never occur. Your second choice might be to have someone else fix it, immediately. However, in the real world, sometimes you will have to investigate the problem and report it, and sometimes you will have to find an answer yourself. When You Can't Find Your UNIX System Administrator , part of our new What You Need to Know series, gives UNIX users tools for solving problems. It offers: Practical solutions for problems you're likely to encounter in logging in, running programs, sharing files, managing space resources, printing, and so on Just enough background on what's going on "behind the scenes" so that you can make sense of our suggestions, rather than simply memorizing keystrokes An explanation of how to present problems to your sys admin so that you're more likely to get quick, accurate support A list of the site-specific information to which you should have access, and a place to write it down A quick-ref card summarizing what to try first, second, third for commonly encountered problems The goal of this book is not to make you a guru in your own right. The goal of this book is to get you back to the job you'd rather be doing.
    Note: Includes index
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Red-hot cold call selling : prospecting techniques that pay off (1995)
    New York : AMACOM | Boston, MA :Safari,
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: x, 150 p. , ill. ; , 23 cm
    DDC: 658.8/4
    Keywords: Selling ; Telephone selling ; Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Salespeople can get the edge on competitors by transforming the dreaded cold call into a red-hot sale. The dynamic new book Red-Hot Cold Call Selling will show them how! Drawing on the author's vast enthusiasm and on insights acquired over a successful career, Red-Hot Cold Call Selling outlines valuable strategies and techniques for developing a complete selling system that works. Readers will learn what sales prospecting really is and why it's a key element in any winning sales formula. Plus, they will discover: how to make themselves "rejection proof" how to dissect the cold call and create a personalized script how to enhance their probability of success by following the "Ten Commandments of Prospecting," and much more...
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 145) and index
    URL: https://learning.oreilly.com/library/view/-/0814478808/?ar
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Panic! UNIX system crash dump analysis (1995)
    Mountain View, Calif. : SunSoft Press | Boston, MA :Safari,
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: xx, 492 p. ; , ill.24 cm. +
    DDC: 005.4/3
    Keywords: UNIX (Computer file) ; Data recovery (Computer science) ; Electronic books ; local
    Abstract: Designed as an introduction to UNIX system crash dump analysis, this is the first book to discuss in detail UNIX system panics, crashes and hangs, their causes, what to do when they occur, how to collect information about them, how to analyze that information, and how to get the problem resolved. KEY TOPICS: Part One covers theory and tools. Part Two looks inside UNIX, from the header files to hardware tape drives. Part Three provides actual case studies of software, hardware, data, and system fault problems. MARKET: For systems and network administrators and technical support engineers responsible for maintaining UNIX computer systems and networks.
    Note: Includes index
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Heterodox economic theories : true or false? (1995)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781781959220
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xx, 142 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Heterodox economic theories
    DDC: 330.1
    Keywords: Wissenschaftliche Methode ; Wirtschaftstheorie ; Neomarxismus ; Marxismus ; Theorie ; Economics Methodology ; Comparative economics ; Radical economics ; Marxian economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wirtschaftstheorie
    Abstract: Economic methodologists have traditionally paid very little attention to heterodox economic theories. In this major new book three leading heterodox scholars respond to the influential appraisals of Sraffian, Radical and Marxian economics made by Mark Blaug, the eminent economic methodologist. Heterodox Economic Theories begins with a paper by Ian Steedman on Sraffian economics and the capital controversy. This is followed by papers on radical economics by Michael Reich and Marx's economic analysis by Fred Moseley. Professor Moseley has also written an extensive introduction to the work featured in this volume. Including replies by Mark Blaug and comments by a distinguished group of economic methodologists, this book offers a stimulating debate between heterodox and mainstream economists over the value of three important economic traditions and over the most appropriate methodology for the appraisal of economic theories
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction: Appraising heterodox economic theories / (F. Moseley) -- 1. Sraffian economics and the capital controversy / (I. Steedman), Comment / (R. Backhouse), Reply / (M. Blaug) -- 2. Radical economics: Successes and failures / (M. Reich), Methodological Atavism and Radical Economics: Comment of Reich / (W. Hands), Reply / (M. Blaug) -- 3. Marx's economic theory: True or false? / (F. Moseley), Comment / (B. Caldwell), Reply / (M. Blaug).
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Great inflations of the 20th century : theories, policies, and evidence (1995)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781781956359
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 308 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Great inflations of the 20th century
    DDC: 332.4/1/0904
    RVK:
    QK 700
    RVK:
    QK 710
    Keywords: Inflation (Finance) ; Economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Inflation
    Abstract: The problems associated with chronically high inflation and hyper inflation continue to preoccupy policy makers and economists. In Great Inflations of the 20th Century, Pierre Siklos has gathered together major papers by a distinguished group of scholars who use historical episodes to understand and explain a key issue. Beginning with general surveys of historical experiences of hyperinflation and cases of chronic inflation, this volume continues with papers on the conditions which are conducive to generating high inflation. The link between monetary policy and inflation is examined through empirical studies of inflationary episodes in Germany, Hungary and Bolivia. The final part looks at how policy makers can seek to end high inflation with the smallest possible economic cost. Bringing together in one accessible volume a series of acclaimed contributions to the field, Great Inflations of the 20th Century will be a key reference resource for interested scholars and policy makers concerned with the myriad of issues surrounding the beginning and end of high or chronic inflation
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: -- Preface -- List of table -- List of figures -- List of contribution -- Part I: Surveys -- Part II: Conditions conductive to high inflation -- Part III: Empircal studies of the money-prices nexus -- Part IV: The ending of hyperinflation.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The economics of technology and employment : theory and empirical evidence (1995)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035303151
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 184 pages) , illustration
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Vivarelli, Marco, 1963 - The economics of technology and employment
    DDC: 331.13/7042
    RVK:
    QC 344
    RVK:
    QC 310
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkttheorie ; Theorie der Arbeitslosigkeit ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Theorie ; Schätzung ; Italien ; USA ; Labor supply Effect of technological innovations on ; Technological unemployment ; Employees Effect of technological innovations on ; Employment (Economic theory) ; Unemployment ; Technische Innovation ; Arbeitsangebot ; Arbeitslosigkeit
    Abstract: The impact of technical change on employment is investigated in this important new book which offers a critical appraisal of how far current economic analysis and theory can deal with this key policy issue. The Economics of Technology and Employment addresses the impact of technical change on employment from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. After an analytical discussion of theoretical propositions and models put forward by classical and contemporary economists, Dr Vivarelli develops a model to examine the extent to which worker displacement due to technical progress can be offset by compensatory market forces. This model is tested using Italian and US aggregate time-series data. The theoretical discussion and empirical results are combined to demonstrate that the employment impact of labour saving technologies can only be partially counter-balanced by market forces and so economic policy measures could be necessary. This important and innovative volume will be welcomed by economists and policymakers as a major contribution to our theoretical understanding of employment, industrial innovation and technical change
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. The economics of technical change and employment -- 3. Technology and employment in the history of economic thought: Towards a comprehensive taxonomy -- 4. The recent debate: The neoclassical approach -- 5. The recent debate: Alternative approaches -- 6. The empirical studies: A critical survey -- 7. A testable model -- 8. The econometric tests based on Italian data -- 9. The econometric tests based on us data -- 10. Conclusions and policy implications -- References -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 172-182) and index
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Banking, politics, and global finance : American commercial banks and regulatory change, 1980-1990 (1995)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035303137
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 242 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: Studies in international political economy
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Reinicke, Wolfgang H. Banking, politics and global finance
    DDC: 332.1/0973
    RVK:
    QK 950
    RVK:
    QL 262
    Keywords: Banks and banking Deregulation ; Investment banking Deregulation ; Banking law ; International finance ; International economic integration ; USA ; Kreditwesen ; Regulierung ; Bankenaufsicht
    Abstract: Banking, Politics and Global Finance presents an innovative, micro-political examination of the US banking system's response to the ongoing globalization of financial markets. This approach contrasts sharply with earlier studies which have emphasized the macro-structural aspects of politics through concentrating on elements of stability and consistency in the policy responses by advanced industrial countries to external economic pressures. By micro-political analysis of policy making, this book reveals a multitude of changes in the interests, coalitions and power constellations among private and public sector actors and institutions in the US financial system, in the absence of any macrostructural adjustment. These changes have opened alternative channels for policy making leading to substantial adjustments in the regulatory framework governing US financial markets. Using detailed discussion of the unsuccessful attempts to repeal the law that separates commercial from investment banking - the Glass-Steagall Act - and the successful raising of the capital standards of US commercial banks, Dr Reinicke's book also explains why the same policy network can respond very differently to an external economic challenge - a phenomenon usually neglected in the literature on comparative political economy
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. The politics of domestic response to external economic pressure -- 3. The u.s. Banking system: Structure and regulation -- 4. The global integration of financial markets -- 5. Glass-steagall and the politics of gridlock -- 6. Glass-steagall and the politics of change -- 7. The domestic politics of capital adequacy regulation -- 8. Capital adequacy and the politics of change -- 9. Conclusions: Defending the national interest: U.s. comparative responses to external economic shocks.
    Note: Series statement from jacket , Includes bibliographical references (pages 204-234) and index
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Money, credit, and policy (1995)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035305834
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxvii, 411 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: Economists of the twentieth century
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Meltzer, Allan H., 1928 - 2017 Money, credit and policy
    DDC: 332.4
    RVK:
    QC 320
    RVK:
    QK 000
    Keywords: Geldnachfrage ; Geldnachfragetheorie ; Geldmenge ; Kredittheorie ; Geldpolitik ; Theorie ; Money ; Credit ; Monetary policy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Berlinger, Rudolph 1907-1997 ; Geldpolitik ; Geld ; Kredit
    Abstract: Money and credit are key themes of Allan H. Meltzer's ground-breaking work which is celebrated in this outstanding collection of his essays and papers. Money, Credit and Policy covers the demand for money, the relation of money to output, the role of credit and debt, regulation of financial institutions, the influence of uncertainty and macroeconomic policy. Focusing on the relations between money and credit, and in turn their relationship to output, prices and inflation, this volume includes Meltzer's early work on the demand for money - in which he suggested that the much-discussed instability of the demand for money arises from the use of Keynesian demand equations - as well as his recent contributions on trade, credit and intermediation. Among the many important papers featured in this volume, there is an analysis of why the Federal Reserve of the 1930s persisted in its deflationary policy stance for years, despite its effects, and a discussion of the limits of stabilization policy. The concluding section considers the effects of uncertainty and the reasons for the rise and fall of the dollar during the 1980s, reflecting Meltzer's continuing interest in practical policy issues
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction -- Part I: the demand for money -- Part II: money supply and output -- Part III: credit and money -- Part IV: financial regulation -- Part V: uncertainty -- Part VI: macro policy -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evolution des rémunérations du secteur public dans les pays de l'OCDE 1995 (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264062528
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (174 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trends in Public Sector Pay in OECD Countries 1995
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: La maîtrise des dépenses publiques est une priorité pour les pays de l'OCDE. Aussi la politique salariale du secteur public doit-elle faire l'objet d'une attention particulière et soutenue. Ce nouveau rapport annuel dresse un bilan des évolutions les plus récentes en la matière. Il étudie les liens existant entre les dépenses publiques et les coûts salariaux du secteur public, les évolutions des systèmes de détermination des rémunérations ainsi que le niveau et les composantes de la rémunération individuelle d'un salarié type, pour un échantillon de dix métiers. Il analyse les mécanismes mis en place dans certains pays pour accroître la flexibilité des rémunérations individuelles. Chaque année un chapitre spécifique présente une expérience particulière en matière de rémunérations publiques. Ce rapport s'adresse aux fonctionnaires chargés de la définition, de la mise en oeuvre et du suivi des politiques salariales du secteur public, ainsi qu'aux spécialistes des modes de détermination des rémunérations, de la gestion de l'emploi et des relations professionnelles, aussi bien dans le secteur public que dans le secteur privé.
    DOI: 10.1787/pubsector_pay-1995-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trends in Public Sector Pay in OECD Countries 1995 (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264062511
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (166 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Evolution des rémunérations du secteur public dans les pays de l'OCDE 1995
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Controlling public spending is a priority for OECD countries. Salary policy in the public sector is therefore of particular concern. This new annual report analyses recent trends in public sector pay in OECD countries. It examines the links between public expenditure and public sector compensation costs, and presents recent developments in pay determination systems in the public sector. It provides information on the level and the components of individual remuneration for a typical employee in ten selected occupations, and identifies various mechanisms implemented in countries to make individual pay more flexible. Every year, a chapter focusing on a specific experience in the public sector pay area will be added. This report should be of particular interest to public officials responsible for defining, implementing and monitoring pay policy in the public sector and to experts in pay determination systems, employment systems and industrial relations in the public and private sectors.
    DOI: 10.1787/pubsector_pay-1995-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Test No. 421: Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070967
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (10 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 421; Essai de dépistage de la toxicité pour la reproduction et le développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 421: Essai de dépistage de la toxicité pour la reproduction et le développement
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The test substance is administered in graduated doses to several groups of males and females. Males should be dosed for a minimum of four weeks. Females should be dosed throughout the study, so approximately 54 days. This Test Guideline is designed for use with the rat. It is recommended that each group be started with at least 10 animals of each sex. Generally, at least three test groups and a control group should be used. Dose levels may be based on information from acute toxicity tests or on results from repeated dose studies. The test substance is administered orally and daily. The limit test corresponds to one dose level of at least 1000 mg/kg body weight. The results of this study include measurements (weighing, food/water consumption) and daily and detailed observations, preferably each day at the same time, as well as gross necropsy and histopathology. The findings of this toxicity study should be evaluated in terms of the observed effects, necropsy and microscopic findings. Because of the short period of treatment of the male, the histopathology of the testis and epididymus must be considered along with the fertility data, when assessing male reproductive effects.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070967-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Test No. 102: Melting Point/ Melting Range (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069527
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 102; Point de fusion/Intervalle de fusion
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 102: Point de fusion/Intervalle de fusion
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guidelines describes several methods and devices to determine the temperature or temperature range of the phase transition from the solid to the liquid state or from the liquid to the solid state. The melting point is defined as the temperature at which the phase transition from the solid to the liquid state at atmospheric pressure takes place. It is considerably affected by impurities. The selection of a particular method depends mainly on the state of physical aggregation of the sample and on whether or not the substance can be pulverized easily, with difficulty, or not at all. The methods are: the capillary/liquid bath, the capillary/metal block, the Kofler hot bar, the melt microscope, the differential thermal analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, the freezing temperature and the pour point.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069527-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 19
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    Essai n 107: Coefficient de partage (n-octanol/eau): méthode par agitation en flacon (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069633
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 107; Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water); Shake Flask Method
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 107: Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Shake Flask Method
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne Directrice décrit une méthode pour déterminer expérimentalement la valeur du coefficient de partage (n-octanol/eau) (Poe), lorsque son logarithme décimal est compris entre -2 et 4 (et quelquefois 5). Cette méthode n'est pas applicable aux substances tensio-actives. Le coefficient de partage est défini comme le rapport des concentrations d'équilibre d'une substance dissoute dans un système à deux phases constitué de deux solvants pratiquement immiscibles. L'essai doit être conduit à une température comprise entre 20°C et 25°C, maintenue constante à ± 1°C. On effectue trois essais avec des pourcentages n-octanol/eau différents. Pour chacun des trois essais, on préparera en double les récipients d'essai contenant des quantités exactement mesurées des deux solvants et de la solution mère. Après agitation, les deux phases sont généralement séparées par centrifugation. Il est nécessaire de déterminer les concentrations de la substance d'essai dans les deux phases. Les méthodes analytiques susceptibles de convenir sont la photométrie, la chromatographie en phase gazeuse et la chromatographie liquide à haute performance. La quantité totale de la substance dans les deux phases doit être calculée et comparée à la quantité introduite au départ. Les résultats de chaque essai permettent de déduire une valeur de Poe. Les six valeurs du log Poe doivent s'inscrire dans un intervalle de ± 0,3 unités.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069633-fr
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  • 20
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    Essai n 109: Densité des liquides et des solides (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069671
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (5 p)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 109; Density of Liquids and Solids
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 109: Density of Liquids and Solids
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice liste les méthodes servant à déterminer la densité de liquides et de solides. Elle ne donne qu'une courte description de ces méthodes. La densité d'une substance est le quotient de sa masse par son volume et est exprimée en kg/m3.Plusieurs méthodes sont applicables uniquement aux substances liquides : l'aréomètre, la méthode du corps immergé (toutes les deux sont des méthodes de flottabilité) et le densimètre oscillant. Ces méthodes sont applicables aux liquides dont la viscosité dynamique ne doit pas dépasser 5 Pa s dans le cas de l'aréomètre et du densimètre oscillant et 20 Pa s pour la méthode du corps immergé. La méthode pour les solides uniquement est le pycnomètre de comparaison à air. Le volume d'un échantillon du solide dans l'air ou dans un gaz inerte est mesuré dans un cylindre calibré de volume variable. Après quoi l'échantillon est pesé. Les méthodes pour les liquides et solides sont la balance hydrostatique (méthode de flottabilité) et le pycnomètre. La viscosité dynamique des liquides ne doit pas dépasser 5 Pa s dans le cas de la balance hydrostatique et 500 Pa s pour le pycnomètre.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069671-fr
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  • 21
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    Essai n 115: Tension superficielle des solutions aqueuses (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069794
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 115; Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 115: Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice décrit des méthodes pour déterminer la tension superficielle (en N/m) des solutions aqueuses. Les méthodes sont basées sur la mesure de la force qu'il est nécessaire d'exercer verticalement sur un étrier ou un anneau, en contact avec la surface du liquide, afin de le séparer de la surface, ou d'un plat, dont un bord est en contact avec la surface, afin d'arracher le film formé. Il y a quatre méthodes différentes : la méthode de la plaque, la méthode de l'étrier, la méthode de l'anneau et la méthode de l'anneau harmonisée de l'OCDE. Elles sont décrites en détail dans la norme ISO 304-1985. Les méthodes décrites s'appliquent aux solutions aqueuses de la plupart des substances indépendamment de leur degré de pureté. La concentration doit être 90% de la solubilité à saturation, mais doit être au-dessous de 1g/l. Ceci sera donc effectué sous un dispositif de couverture pour éviter des interférences à 20°C environ. L'anneau est immergé en dessous de la surface de la solution. Alors, le porte échantillon, sur lequel est posé le récipient, est abaissé graduellement et à une vitesse constante d'approximativement 0.5 cm/min pour détacher l'anneau de la surface jusqu'à ce que la force maximum soit atteinte. La force est lue sur le tensiomètre. Après exécution de la première mesure, des mesures sont répétées jusqu'à ce qu'une valeur constante de tension superficielle soit atteinte.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069794-fr
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  • 22
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    Essai n 421: Essai de dépistage de la toxicité pour la reproduction et le développement (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070974
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (12 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 421; Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 421: Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: La substance d’essai est administrée en dose graduée à plusieurs groupes de mâles et de femelles. Les mâles doivent être traités pendant un minimum de quatre semaines. Les femelles doivent être traitées tout au long de l’étude, soit approximativement 54 jours. Cette Ligne directrice utilise le rat. Il est recommandé que chaque groupe commence avec au moins dix animaux de chaque sexe. Généralement, au moins trois groupes d’essai et un groupe contrôle doivent être utilisés. Des niveaux de dose peuvent être basés sur l'information des essais de toxicité aiguë ou sur des résultats d’études à doses répétées. La substance d'essai est administrée oralement et quotidiennement. L'essai limite correspond à un niveau de dose d’au moins de 1000 mg/kg de poids corporel. Les résultats de cette étude incluent des mesures (pesée, consommation de nourriture/eau) et observations quotidiennes détaillées, de préférence chaque jour en même temps, de même qu’une autopsie générale et l'histopathologie. Les résultats de cette étude de toxicité devraient être évalués en termes d'effets observés, autopsie et résultats microscopiques. En raison de la période courte du traitement du mâle, l'histopathologie du testicule et l'épididyme doivent être pris en compte avec les données de fertilité, lors de l’évaluation des effets reproducteurs mâles.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070974-fr
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  • 23
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    Avocados : = Avocats (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264071582
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (74 p)
    Series Statement: International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This brochure is published within the framework of the activities of the Scheme for the Application of International Standards for Fruit and Vegetables set up by OECD in 1962. It comprises comments and illustrations to facilitate the common interpretation of standards in force and is therefore a valuable tool for both the Inspection Authorities and professional bodies responsible for the application of standards or interested in the international trade in these products.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264071582-en-fr
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  • 24
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    Test No. 109: Density of Liquids and Solids (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069664
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (5 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 109; Densité des liquides et des solides
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 109: Densité des liquides et des solides
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline lists methods for determining the density of liquids and solids, giving only a very succinct description of them. The density of a substance is the quotient of its mass and its volume and is expressed in kg/m3. Several methods are for liquid substance only: hydrometer, immersed body method (both are buoyancy methods) and oscillating densitometer. These methods are applicable to liquids with a dynamic viscosity below 5 Pa s for hydrometer and oscillating densitometer and below 20 Pa s for immersed body method. The method for solids only is the air comparison pycnometer. The volume of a sample of the solid is measured in air or in an inert gas in a calibrated cylinder of variable volume. After concluding the volume measurement, the sample is weighed. The methods for liquids and solids are the hydrostatic balance (a buoyancy method) and the pycnometer. The dynamic viscosity of liquids to be investigated should not exceed 5 Pa s for hydrostatic balance, and should not be above 500 Pa s for pycnometer.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069664-en
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  • 25
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    Test No. 115: Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069787
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 115; Tension superficielle des solutions aqueuses
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 115: Tension superficielle des solutions aqueuses
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes methods to determine the surface tension (in N/m) of aqueous solutions. The methods are based on the measurement of the force which it is necessary to exert vertically on a stirrup or ring, in contact with the surface of the liquid, in order to separate it from the surface, or on a plate, with an edge in contact with the surface, in order to draw up the film that has formed.There are four different methods: the plate method, the stirrup method, the ring method and the OECD harmonized ring method. They are described in detail in the ISO Standard 304-1985. The methods described are applicable to aqueous solutions of most substances regardless of their degree of purity. The concentration should be 90% of the saturation solubility, but must below 1g/l. This shall therefore be carried out under a protective cover to avoid interference at 20°C approximately. The ring is immersed below the surface of the solution. Then the table top, where the measurement vessel is placed, is lowered gradually and evenly at a rate of approximately 0.5 cm/min to detach the ring from the surface until the maximum force is reached. The force is read on the tensiometer. After completing the first measurement, measurements are repeated until a constant surface tension value is reached.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069787-en
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  • 26
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    Essai n 102: Point de fusion/Intervalle de fusion (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069534
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (9 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 102; Melting Point/ Melting Range
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 102: Melting Point/ Melting Range
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice décrit plusieurs méthodes et dispositifs pour déterminer la température ou l’intervalle de températures de la transition de la phase solide à la phase liquide ou vice-versa. Le point de fusion est défini comme la température à laquelle se produit le changement de la phase solide à la phase liquide à la pression atmosphérique. Ceci est considérablement affecté par les impuretés. La sélection d’une méthode particulière dépend principalement de l'état d'agrégation physique de l'échantillon et de la capacité de la substance à être facilement, difficilement ou non pulvérisable. Les méthodes présentées sont : le tube capillaire dans un bain liquide, le tube capillaire dans un bloc métallique, le banc chauffant de Kofler, le microscope à fusion, l’analyse thermique différentielle, l’analyse calorimétrique différentielle, le point de congélation, et le point d’écoulement.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069534-fr
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  • 27
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    Essai n 105: Solubilité dans l'eau (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069596
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 105; Water Solubility
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 105: Water Solubility
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice décrit des méthodes pour déterminer la solubilité dans l’eau des substances d’essai. La solubilité d’une substance dans l’eau est sa concentration de saturation dans l'eau à une température donnée. Cette Ligne directrice porte sur la mesure de la solubilité de substances essentiellement pures, stables dans l'eau et non volatiles. Avant de déterminer la solubilité, il est utile de disposer d'informations sur la substance telles que la formule développée, la pression de vapeur, la constante de dissociation et l'hydrolyse en fonction du pH. La méthode par élution sur colonne et la méthode du flacon, couvrent respectivement les solubilités inférieures et supérieures à 10-2 g/l. L’essai est pratiqué de préférence à 20 ± 0,5°C. Un essai préliminaire simple permet de déterminer approximativement la quantité de substance à utiliser dans l'essai proprement dit, ainsi que le temps nécessaire pour atteindre la saturation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069596-fr
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  • 28
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    Test No. 419: Delayed Neurotoxicity of Organophosphorus Substances: 28-day Repeated Dose Study (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070929
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 419; Neurotoxicité différée de substances organophosphorées; Étude à dose répétée sur 28 jours
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 419: Neurotoxicité différée de substances organophosphorées: Étude à dose répétée sur 28 jours
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline is used in the assessment and evaluation of the toxic effects of organophosporus substances. Daily doses of the test substance are administered orally (preferably by gavage or administration of gelatin capsules) to domestic laying hens (aged 8 to 12 months) for 28 days. The animals are observed at least daily until 14 days after the last dose. Biochemical measurements are undertaken on hens randomly selected from each group after the last dose. Two weeks after the last dose, the remainder of the hens are killed and histopathological examination is undertaken. The treatment group should contain at least 12 hens. Generally, at least three treatment groups should be used. The highest dose level should be chosen with the aim of inducing toxic effects; thereafter a descending sequence of dose levels should be selected. A limit test may be performed if no effects would be expected at a dose of 1000 mg/kg bw/d. The results of this study include weighing at least once a week, biochemistry (neuropathy target esterase, acetylcholinesterase) and, at least, and detailed observations, as well as gross necropsy and histopathology. The findings of this study should be evaluated in terms of the incidence, severity, and correlation of behavioral, biochemical and histopathological effects and any other observed effects in each of the treated and control groups.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070929-en
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  • 29
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    Test No. 103: Boiling Point (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069541
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 103; Point d'ébullition
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 103: Point d'ébullition
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes methods to determine the boiling point of test substances. The boiling point of a liquid is defined as the temperature (in K) at which the vapour pressure equals the standard atmospheric pressure 101.325 kPa.The influence of impurities on the boiling point depends greatly upon the nature of the impurity. The methods described in this Test Guideline can be applied to liquid and low-melting substances, provided that they do not undergo chemical change below the boiling point. The methods are: the ebulliometer, the dynamic method, the distillation method, the method according to Siwoloboff, the photocell detection, the differential thermal analysis, the differential scanning calorimetry. The photocell detection and thermal analysis permit the determination of boiling as well as melting temperatures. The dynamic method has the advantage that it can also be applied to the determination of the vapour pressure.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069541-en
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  • 30
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    OECD Economic Surveys: Hungary 1995 (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264166264
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (194 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE ; Hongrie 1995
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE : Hongrie 1995
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_surveys-hun-1995-en
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  • 31
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    Test No. 105: Water Solubility (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069589
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 105; Solubilité dans l'eau
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 105: Solubilité dans l'eau
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes methods to determine the water solubility of test substances. The water solubility of a substance is the saturation mass concentration of the substance in water at a given temperature. This guideline addresses the determination of the solubility in water of essentially pure substances which are stable in water and not volatile. Before determining water solubility, it is useful to have some preliminary information on the substance, like structural formula, vapour pressure, dissociation constant and hydrolysis as a function of pH. The column elution method and the flask method which cover respectively solubilities below and above 10-2 g/l are described. The test is preferably run at 20 ± 0,5 °C. A simple preliminary test is allowed to determine approximately the appropriate amount of sample to be used in the final test, as well as the time necessary to achieve saturation.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069589-en
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  • 32
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    Main Developments in Trade : 1995 Edition (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264162099
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (110 p)
    Keywords: Trade
    Abstract: This annual report, covering events in 1994, is a concise factual compendium of cross-country trade and trade-related developments. It chronicles intense activity in the world trading system: the historic signing of the Final Act of the Uruguay Round; preparations for the entry into force of the new World Trade Organisation; and a deepening trend towards regional economic integration, marked by developments in Europe, Asia-Pacific, and the Americas.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264162099-en
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  • 33
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    Test No. 418: Delayed Neurotoxicity of Organophosphorus Substances Following Acute Exposure (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070905
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 418; Neurotoxicité différée de substances organophosphorées à la suite d'une exposiiton aigue͏̈
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 418: Neurotoxicité différée de substances organophosphorées à la suite d'une exposiiton aigue͏̈
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The test substance is administered orally in a single dose to domestic hens. The animals are observed for 21 days, then the remainder of the hens are killed and histopathological examination is undertaken. The young adult domestic laying hen (Gallus gallus domesticus), aged 8 to 12 months, is recommended. The single dosing with the test substance should normally be by the oral route using gavage, gelatine capsules, or a comparable method. The treatment group should contain, at least 12 hens, and the positive control group at least 6 hens. The objective of the preliminary study is to maximize the main study dose. The limit test corresponds to one dose level of at least 2000 mg/kg body weight/day. The dose level of the main study should be high as possible taking into account the results of preliminary study and the maximum dose level (2000 mg/kg bw/d). The results of this study include measurements (weighing), biochemistry (neuropathy target esterase) and, at least, daily and detailed observations, as well as gross necropsy and histopathology. The findings of this study should be evaluated in terms of the incidence, severity, and correlation of behavioral, biochemical and histopathological effects and any other observed effects in the treated and control groups.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070905-en
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  • 34
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    Essai n 419: Neurotoxicité différée de substances organophosphorées: Étude à dose répétée sur 28 jours (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070936
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 419; Delayed Neurotoxicity of Organophosphorus Substances; 28-day Repeated Dose Study
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 419: Delayed Neurotoxicity of Organophosphorus Substances: 28-day Repeated Dose Study
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice est employée dans l'estimation et l'évaluation des effets toxiques de composés organophosphorés. Des doses quotidiennes de la substance d’essai sont administrées oralement (de préférence par gavage ou via des gélules de gélatine) à des poules pondeuses domestiques (âgées de 8 à 12 mois) pendant 28 jours. Les animaux sont observés au moins quotidiennement jusqu’à 14 jours après la dernière dose. Des mesures biochimiques sont entreprises sur des poules choisies de façon aléatoire parmi chaque groupe après la dernière dose. Deux semaines après la dernière dose, le reste des poules est tué et l'examen histopathologique est entrepris. Le groupe de traitement devrait contenir au moins douze poules. Généralement, au moins trois groupes de traitement devraient être employés. Le niveau de la dose la plus élevée devrait être choisi dans le but d'induire des effets toxiques ; ensuite un ordre décroissant des niveaux de dose devrait être choisi. Un essai limite peut être réalisé si aucun effet n’est prévu à une dose de 1000 mg/kg pc/j. Les résultats de cette étude incluent une pesée au moins une fois par semaine, de la biochimie (estérase neurotoxique, acétylcholinestérase) et des observations détaillées, de même qu’une autopsie générale et de l'histopathologie. Les résultats de cette étude devraient être évalués en termes d'incidence, sévérité, et corrélation des effets comportementaux, biochimiques et histopathologiques et de tous les autres effets observés dans chacun des groupes traités et de contrôle.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070936-fr
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  • 35
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    Essai n 103: Point d'ébullition (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069558
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 103; Boiling Point
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 103: Boiling Point
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Cette Ligne directrice décrit des méthodes pour déterminer le point d’ébullition de substances d’essai. Le point d’ébullition d’un liquide est défini comme la température (en Kelvin) à laquelle la pression de vapeur est égale à la pression atmosphérique standard de 101.325 kPa. L’influence des impuretés sur le point d’ébullition dépend de la nature de l’impureté. Les méthodes décrites dans cette Ligne directrice peuvent être appliquées à des substances liquides et à bas point de fusion, si toutefois celles-ci ne subissent pas de changement chimique à des températures inférieures au point d’ébullition. Les méthodes sont : l’ébulliomètre, la méthode dynamique, la méthode de distillation, la méthode selon Siwoloboff, la détection photoélectrique, l’analyse thermique différentielle, l’analyse calorimétrique différentielle. La détection photoélectrique et l'analyse thermique permettent de mesurer le point d'ébullition et le point de fusion. La méthode dynamique présente l'avantage de servir aussi à déterminer la pression de vapeur.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069558-fr
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Test No. 107: Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Shake Flask Method (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264069626
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (4 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 107; Coefficient de partage (n-octanol/eau); méthode par agitation en flacon
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 107: Coefficient de partage (n-octanol/eau): méthode par agitation en flacon
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes a method to determine experimentally Pow values in the range log Pow between -2 and 4 (occasionally up to 5). This method can not be used with surface-active materials. The partition coefficient is defined as the ratio of the equilibrium concentrations of a dissolved substance in a two-phase system consisting of two largely immiscible solvents. The test should be done at a temperature in the range 20 to 25°C, kept constant at ± 1°. There are three runs with different volumes ratio of n-octanol to water. Duplicate vessels containing accurately measured amounts of the two solvents and stock solution are used in all three runs. After agitation the separation of the two phases, in general, is achieved by centrifugation. It is necessary to determine the concentrations of the test substance in both phases. Analytical methods which may be appropriate are: photometry, gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. The total quantity of substance present in both phases should be calculated and compared with the quantity originally introduced. A Pow value is calculated from the data of each run. The six log Pow values should fall within a range of ± 0.3 units.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264069626-en
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Essai n 418: Neurotoxicité différée de substances organophosphorées à la suite d'une exposiiton aigue͏̈ (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264070912
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: Lignes directrices de l'OCDE pour les essais de produits chimiques, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 418; Delayed Neurotoxicity of Organophosphorus Substances Following Acute Exposure
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Test No. 418: Delayed Neurotoxicity of Organophosphorus Substances Following Acute Exposure
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: La substance d’essai est administrée oralement par une dose unique à des poules domestiques. Les animaux sont observés pendant 21 jours, puis le reste des poules est tué et l'examen histopathologique est entrepris. La jeune poule pondeuse domestique adulte (Gallus gallus domesticus), âgée 8 à 12 mois, est recommandée. Le dosage unique avec la substance d'essai devrait normalement s’effectuer par voie orale via un gavage, des gélules, ou une méthode comparable. Les groupes d’essai devraient contenir au moins douze poules, et le groupe de contrôle positif au moins six poules. L’objectif de l’étude préliminaire est de maximiser la dose de l’étude principale. L’essai limite correspond à une dose unique d’au moins 2000 mg/kg poids corporel/jour. Le niveau de dose de l’étude principale devrait être aussi élevé que possible en prenant en compte les résultats de l’étude préliminaire et du niveau de dose maximum (2000 mg/kg pc/j). Les résultats de l’étude incluent des mesures (poids), de la biochimie (estérase neurotoxique) et des observations quotidiennes détaillées, de même qu’une autopsie générale et de l’histopathologie. Les résultats de cette étude devraient être évalués en termes d'incidence, sévérité, et corrélation des effets comportementaux, biochimiques et histopathologiques et de tous les autres effets observés dans les groupes traités et de contrôle.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264070912-fr
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Measurement of Scientific and Technological Activities : Manual on the Measurement of Human Resources Devoted to S&T - Canberra Manual (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264065581
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: The Measurement of Scientific and Technological Activities
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: The Manual on the Measurement of Human Resources devoted to S&T (the "Canberra Manual") was issued in 1995. It was prepared in close co-operation between the OECD and the DGXII/Eurostat of the European Commission, other OECD Directorates, UNESCO and the International Labour Office (ILO), with the support of national experts. Drawing on best international and national practice and classifications, the "Canberra Manual" provides definitions of human resources devoted to science and technology in terms of qualification (levels and fields of study) and occupation and discusses a number of variables of policy interest.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264065581-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Budgeting for Results : Perspectives on Public Expenditure Management (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264076136
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p)
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Effective systems for allocating, managing and controlling public sector resources are fundamental elements of good governance. The need for continuing fiscal restraint and demands for more and better public services are changing budgetary practices in OECD countries. Budgets are being used increasingly as instruments for promoting managerial improvement and programme effectiveness, in addition to their control and allocation functions. This report analyses budget practices and innovations in twenty-two OECD countries. It describes how the practice of budgeting is contributing to a greater performance orientation in the public sector. It also provides standard summaries of the institutional framework and procedures governing budgeting in each of these countries.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264076136-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE No. 57 (Édition 1995/1) (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE : statistiques et projections
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Economic Outlook No. 57 (Edition 1995/1)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: La base de données des Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE contient des données rétrospectives et des projections pour un éventail de statistiques économiques, telles que : demande et produit intérieur brut (PIB), déflateurs et prix, comptes des administrations publiques, secteur des ménages et des entreprises, marché du travail, données financières, commerce extérieur, balance des paiements, bloc d'offre et marché du pétrole et autres matières premières.
    DOI: 10.1787/data-00109-fr
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Economic Outlook No. 58 (Edition 1995/2) (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Economic Outlook: Statistics and Projections
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE No. 58 (Édition 1995/2)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Economic Outlook online database provides historical trends and future projections for a range of economic statistics. These include demand and gross domestic product (GDP), deflators and prices, general government accounts, households and business sectors, labour market, financial data, foreign exchange market, balance of payments, supply block, oil market and other raw materials.
    DOI: 10.1787/data-00108-en
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE No. 58 (Édition 1995/2) (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE : statistiques et projections
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Economic Outlook No. 58 (Edition 1995/2)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: La base de données des Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE contient des données rétrospectives et des projections pour un éventail de statistiques économiques, telles que : demande et produit intérieur brut (PIB), déflateurs et prix, comptes des administrations publiques, secteur des ménages et des entreprises, marché du travail, données financières, commerce extérieur, balance des paiements, bloc d'offre et marché du pétrole et autres matières premières.
    DOI: 10.1787/data-00108-fr
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    OECD Economic Outlook No. 57 (Edition 1995/1) (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Economic Outlook: Statistics and Projections
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE No. 57 (Édition 1995/1)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Economic Outlook online database provides historical trends and future projections for a range of economic statistics. These include demand and gross domestic product (GDP), deflators and prices, general government accounts, households and business sectors, labour market, financial data, foreign exchange market, balance of payments, supply block, oil market and other raw materials.
    DOI: 10.1787/data-00109-en
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  • 44
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    Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 1995 (1995)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264279964
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Series Statement: Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations
    Keywords: Taxation
    DOI: 10.1787/g2g7fa2a-en
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  • 45
    E-Resource
    E-Resource
    International sectoral databank (ISDB) = Banque de donnees sectorielles internationales (BDSI); 1960 - 1994 (1995)
    [s.l.] : OECD
    Show associated volumes/articles
    In:  1960 - 1994
    Details
    Language: English , French
    Pages: 3 Disketten , 9 cm
    Additional Material: 1 Begleitheft (105, 11 S.)
    Edition: [Elektronische Ressource]
    Series Statement: OECD statistics
    Angaben zur Quelle: 1960 - 1994
    Keywords: Diskette
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Entrepreneurship and business culture (1995)
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9781035303052
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 283 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: Studies in the economics of trust v. 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 302.3/5
    Keywords: Entrepreneurship ; Corporate culture ; Business ethics
    Abstract: Trust is increasingly recognized as a crucial aspect of successful economic relationships, albeit a difficult one to define, and Mark Casson has been at the forefront of recent research in this area. In this sequel to his classic work The Entrepreneur, Professor Casson examines how the entrepreneurial firm succeeds by synthesizing information from different sources. The quality of this information is just as important as the quantity and the cheapest way to ensure quality is through a moral obligation to tell the truth. The author argues that a nation needs to invest in social institutions, such as schools, families and organized religion, in order to instil a sense of moral obligation and so sustain entrepreneurial success. Themes raised in this important volume include cultural perspectives on economic issues, entrepreneurship in a cultural context and the political economy of national culture. Entrepreneurship and Business Culture presents a state-of-the-art analysis of entrepreneurship and the social structures in which it is embedded. Together with its companion volume, The Organization of International Business, this topical and wide-ranging book offers a definitive analysis of the importance of trust in economic life as well as the related concepts of networking, consultation and empowerment
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- Acknowledgement -- Part I. Cultural issues in economic perspective -- Part II. Entrepreneurship in a cultural context -- Part III. The political economy of national culture -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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