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  • 1995-1999  (14)
  • 1970-1974
  • Varoudakis, Aristomène  (8)
  • Dessus, Sébastien  (7)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (14)
  • Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
Datasource
Material
Language
Years
Year
Author, Corporation
Publisher
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (14)
  • Cham : Springer International Publishing AG
Keywords
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Climate Policy Without Tears : CGE-Based Ancillary Benefits Estimates for Chile (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.156
    Keywords: Development ; Chile
    Abstract: What interest do developing countries have in limiting the growth of their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions? Answering this question is crucial to moving international climate policy negotiations forward. The primary benefits for individual countries of GHG abatement remain highly uncertain and, in any case, long-term in nature. The costs, on the other hand, are near-term. Using an economy-wide model of Chile, this study examines a hitherto neglected set of benefits from climate policy, viz., the reduction in emissions of local and regional air pollutants and the “ancillary” health benefits, in this case for the people of Santiago, the capital city. These benefits are both near-term and readily captured by the country implementing the policy. Extensive sensitivity analysis is performed in recognition of the uncertainty surrounding certain key parameter and exogenous variable values — notably, Santiago residents’ willingness to pay (WTP) for reduced mortality and morbidity risk, and ...
    DOI: 10.1787/255872588381
    URL: Volltext
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Economic Policy Reform and Growth Prospects in Emerging African Economies (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 55 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.145
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: We assess the prospects for growth of African economies up to the year 2010 by modelling structural and policy determinants of growth, under different scenarios for changes in the exogenous factors and economic policies which shape the projections. To this end we estimate a growth model for 39 African economies, during seven five-year periods from 1960 through 1995. The model emphasises two engines of growth: i) investment and ii) growth of exports. Using a composite indicator of “emerging economies” iiset up on the basis of the economic performance, quality of policies and political stability of African countries ppwe identify 14 African economies that stand better chances to achieve a lasting improvement in their policies and growth performance in the years ahead. These “emerging economies” can be mostly found in the Southern-Eastern and the Western parts of Africa. Our growth simulations involve two policy scenarios: a baseline scenario which extends policy trends observed ...
    DOI: 10.1787/886414788068
    URL: Volltext
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    La libéralisation de l'agriculture tunisienne et l'Union européenne : Une vue prospective (1999)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 68 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.144
    Keywords: Development ; European Union ; Tunisia
    Abstract: In the context of the partnership agreement signed between Tunisia and the European Union in 1995, talks will begin in the year 2000 on the liberalisation of their agricultural trade. Tunisia’s political attachment to Europe will give the country the opportunity to diversify agricultural policy. Hitherto based on achieving self sufficiency in food, this policy has resulted in poor resource allocation. The goal now is to find the least costly means of reforming Tunisian agricultural policy, particularly for rural households, while seeking the extent to which Europe could help in the transition towards a more dynamic agricultural sector. With the assistance of a dynamic general equilibrium model, this technical paper examines a number of scenarios for Tunisian agriculture towards 2010. It finds that in the absence of EU concessions, which could take the form of the removal of tariff quotas, it would not be in Tunisia’s interest to reduce support for agriculture and lower its own ...
    DOI: 10.1787/557216740816
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trade Integration with Europe, Export Diversification and Economic Growth in Egypt (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.135
    Keywords: Development ; Egypt
    Abstract: Egypt needs to diversify exports further in order to emerge from its isolation and to draw the maximum advantage from the growth potential offered by trade globalisation. To what extent does the bilateral free trade agreement with the European Union encourage the transition from a rentier economy to one of export-led growth? This paper uses a dynamic, calculable, general equilibrium model to assess different scenarios for the Egyptian economy to the year 2010. The authors reach the conclusion that the preferential trade agreement with Europe should facilitate the transition if the increase in trade results in higher Egyptian productivity through technology transfer and pressure from competition. Under these conditions, the agreement would seem to have a similar impact to that which could be expected from unilateral ...
    DOI: 10.1787/763242724423
    URL: Volltext
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    State Infrastructure and Productive Performance in Indian Manufacturing (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 41 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.139
    Keywords: Development ; India
    Abstract: We present estimates, at the State level, of Indian manufacturing Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and Technical Efficiency (TE) from the estimation of production functions for 17 manufacturing industries from 1976 to 1992. Our analysis relates TFP and TE to the availability of infrastructure. We construct an aggregate infrastructure indicator from 12 indicators of core, social, and economic infrastructure. According to our findings, differences across States in manufacturing TFP and TE performance are accounted for, to a significant extent, by differences in infrastructure endowments. Our estimations make it possible, moreover, to measure the productive impact of the various types of infrastructure, as well as to identify the manufacturing industries where productivity gains are relatively more constrained by inadequate infrastructure. The findings could help in designing an effective policy of infrastructure investment, supporting both recent economic reforms towards industrial restructuring and efforts aiming to promote regional convergence in India ...
    DOI: 10.1787/765460688775
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Long-Run Growth Trends and Convergence Across Indian States (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 56 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.131
    Keywords: Development ; India
    Abstract: This paper examines the growth performance of Indian States during 1970-94. We, first, propose a grouping of States according to differences in the availability of physical, social, and economic infrastructure, using principal components analysis. Then, combining principal components analysis and panel data estimation techniques, we assess the contribution of various infrastructure indicators to growth performance. The analysis tackles endogeneity issues in the provision of infrastructure by way of instrumental variables estimation for many of the infrastructure indicators. We do find evidence of conditional convergence across States. This does not rule out persistent income inequalities due to the dispersion of steady-state income levels. Such disparities are accounted for by differences, first, in the structure of production, second, in infrastructure endowments, and, third, in Statespecific fixed effects in the growth regression. Consequently, economic policy measures aiming at ...
    DOI: 10.1787/138016038733
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Exchange-Rate Management and Manufactured Exports in Sub-Saharan Africa (1998)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.134
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This paper presents an overview of the evolution of exchange-rate regimes in Africa and then attempts to assess empirically the impact of exchange-rate policy on manufactured export performance on a panel of major Sub-Saharan Africa countries over the 1970-92 period. We examine the impact of three exchange-rate policy indicators: real effective exchangerate changes, real exchange-rate volatility, and (model-based measures of) real exchange-rate misalignment. Export supply functions are estimated for three manufacturing industries (textile, chemicals, and metals) and two exchange-rate regimes: a fixed rates regime including six CFA Franc countries, and a more flexible regime represented by five non-CFA countries. Our findings show that exchange-rate management matters for export performance. This is evidenced both by the significant impact of changes in the real effective exchange rate and by the negative influence exerted independently by real exchange-rate misalignment. On the ...
    DOI: 10.1787/211147404816
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Capital humain, ouverture extérieure et croissance : Estimation sur données de panel d'un modèle à coefficients variables (1997)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 28 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.121
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: The innovation of this paper is the proof of a relationship between human capital and growth, using a sample of 83 countries and six time periods between 1960 and 1990. Nonetheless, calculations from both interactive and variable-coefficient models based on these same panel data suggest that the contribution of education to growth depends on the level of commercial opening. This result could be explained by the variation in factor returns linked, on one hand, to trade-induced changes in labour demand and, on the other, to changes in relative factor supply which are amplified in closed economies. Distortions of human-capital allocation are therefore likely to influence the rate of growth ...
    DOI: 10.1787/853867736526
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Croissance et compétitivité de l'industrie manufacturière au Sénégal (1996)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 43 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.118
    Keywords: Development ; Senegal
    Abstract: This paper analyses the role of total factor productivity as a determinant of competitivity in Senegalese manufacturing industries. It is based upon a panel of ten industrial manufacturing groups and covers the period 1974-94. Following an estimation of the production function of manufacturing industry, the paper identifies the roles of public investment, protectionist measures, and the level of qualification of the workforce used by the different sectors in the evolution of industrial total factor productivity. Particular attention is given to external economies as a source of improved productivity and the role of public investment as a factor in favour of such gains. The results show major differences between Senegalese manufacturing industries as far as the growth of total factor productivity is concerned. Insufficient public investment in infrastructure and the high level of protectionism appear to plan an important role in the unfavourable evolution of productivity and ...
    DOI: 10.1787/775567861620
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  • 10
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    General Equilibrium Modelling of Trade and the Environment (1996)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 56 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.116
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: The environmental impacts of economic activity have become an increasingly urgent concern in both OECD Member countries, as well as in non-Member countries. Research in this area is still in its infancy, and the data required to buttress analytical studies is still sparse. This paper describes the base model specification for a series of six country case studies undertaken at the OECD Development Centre to analyse the links between growth and emissions, and emissions and trade instruments. The model attempts to capture some of the key features relating to environmental emissions. These features include: a) linking emissions to the consumption of polluting inputs (as opposed to output); b) including emissions generated by final demand consumption; c) integrating substitutability between polluting and non-polluting inputs (including capital and labour); d) capturing important dynamic effects such as capital accumulation, population growth, productivity and technological ...
    DOI: 10.1787/345585702835
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Policies for Economic Take-Off (1996)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Policy Briefs no.12
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Quelles politiques pour un décollage économique ?
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: . Political commitment is the key ingredient needed for economic take-off and long-term growth. Poor countries will be unable to escape the vicious circle of poverty unless they and the international community join forces. . Inappropriate financial policies can lead to a decline in and poor allocation of savings, subsequently holding back growth. . Trade liberalisation not only strengthens growth, but also enhances the effectiveness of other economic policies. . Basic education is a prerequisite for economic take-off, just as the subsequent training of skilled labour is one of the keys to long-term growth. . Policies aimed at fostering long-term growth must be complementary; mistakes in one area can totally undermine efforts made elsewhere.
    DOI: 10.1787/126435112001
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Le rôle du capital public dans la croissance des pays en développement au cours des années 80 (1996)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 34 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.115
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: This paper analyses the links between growth and public capital for a sample of 28 developing countries over eleven years (1981-91). We estimate a simultaneous equations model to explain the GDP, as well as public and private capital formation. Public, private and human capital are positive and significant factors of growth. Nevertheless, public capital formation has produced crowding-out effects, since the budget constraint was differentiated between public and private sectors. Our results suggest that the majority of the sample countries tended rather to diverge from the optimal allocation of capital — in terms of growth — between public and private sectors ...
    DOI: 10.1787/702214631326
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quelles politiques pour un décollage économique ? (1996)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 35 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Cahiers de politique économique du Centre de Développement de l'OCDE no.12
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Policies for Economic Take-Off
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: • La volonté politique est la clé du décollage et de la croissance à long terme : sans la combinaison des efforts des pays pauvres et de la communauté internationale, ces pays ne sortiront pas du cercle vicieux de la pauvreté. • Des politiques financières erronées peuvent conduire à la chute de l’épargne et à sa mauvaise allocation et, par suite, bloquer la croissance. • L’ouverture commerciale renforce non seulement la croissance mais aussi l’efficacité des autres politiques économiques. • L’éducation de base est une condition préalable du décollage, de même que, par la suite, la formation d’une main-d’œuvre qualifiée est l’une des clés de la croissance à long terme. • Les différentes politiques de promotion de la croissance à long terme sont complémentaires : des erreurs dans un domaine peuvent réduire à néant les efforts consentis par ailleurs.
    DOI: 10.1787/118538117732
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  • 14
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    Politiques de l'environnement et libéralisation des échanges au Costa Rica : Une vue d'ensemble (1996)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 37 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Development Centre Working Papers no.110
    Keywords: Development ; Costa Rica
    Abstract: This paper analyses linkages between growth, trade and the environment in Costa Rica with a Computable General Equilibrium economy-wide model. The investigation considers trade liberalisation and environmental policy reform, and their impact on economic activity and polluting emissions. Environmental taxes are shown to have a small negative impact on growth while allowing a sharp decrease of emissions. Outward orientation promotes growth, but induces a risk of wholesale specialisation in “dirty” activities. Free trade, combined with appropriate effluent taxes, enhance factor reallocation towards competitive industries, and hence growth, while significantly abating emissions ...
    DOI: 10.1787/860648464467
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