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  • World Bank Group  (3,325)
  • Andersen, Hans Christian
  • Bourdieu, Pierre
  • University of Virginia Library
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  • 101
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comprehensive Assessment of the Childcare Landscape in Lebanon : A Mixed Methods Study (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Keywords: Childcare ; Early Childhood Development ; Education ; Legal Framework ; Policies ; Services Mapping ; Social Protections and Assistance ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: The "Comprehensive Assessment of the Childcare Landscape in Lebanon: A Mixed Methods Study" analyzes the supply and demand of formal childcare services for children aged 0-3. It provides a review of Lebanon's regulatory and institutional framework around childcare, maps out the current supply of services including cost and quality aspects, and deepens the understanding of households' childcare needs. Findings show that there is a mismatch between supply and demand, with a gap in provision for the youngest children and that supply is mostly private, costly, and concentrated in coastal areas. Childcare responsibilities limit women's ability to join the labor force, and affordability is a main constraint for families to access services, resulting in low demand for formal childcare. The study proposes measures for an inclusive expansion of quality and affordable childcare services in four areas: (i) an enabling environment for efficient, affordable provision of quality childcare services, (ii) a more equitable distribution of the unpaid care work burden within the household, (iii) improved State support to address households' care needs, and (iv) inclusive family-friendly workplace conditions in the private sector
    DOI: 10.1596/40845
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 102
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Effects of Matching Grants on Technology Startups : The Case of Korea's TIPS (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Matching Grants ; Mutual Funds ; Science and Technology Development ; Tech Incubator Program for Startup ; Technology Innovation ; Tips
    Abstract: This report investigates the case of a Korean public-private matching grant program called the Tech Incubator Program for Startup (TIPS). Launched in 2013, the program provides a package of support to selected startups, including matching grant for research and development (R and D) and mentorship, for up to three years. After ten years in operation, TIPS is particularly well suited to answer the question of whether public funding can help startups innovate and subsequently improve their performance. Using a dataset that includes 1,650 startups that applied for TIPS between 2013 and 2020, this research analyzes the effects of TIPS on recipients' performance and offers empirical evidence to inform entrepreneurship policy. The results show that TIPS positively affected startup performance one year after selection in terms of innovation input and output, although it did not have a significant effect on revenue or research collaboration activities. The report concludes with five lessons derived from Korea's policy experience in designing and implementing TIPS: (i) a well-designed coordination mechanism may serve as a viable public-private partnership model for fostering innovative startups, (ii) a co-investment model can crowd in private investment and achieve a multiplier effect by reducing the risk of investment in early-stage startups, (iii) complementary supports that target different stages of the startup lifecycle are needed, (iv) patient capital and continuity in entrepreneurial policy with a long-term view are key to nurturing a vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystem, and (v) constant engagement with beneficiaries through data collection and monitoring enables the development of a dynamic monitoring and evaluation mechanism
    DOI: 10.1596/40932
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 103
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Mocha, May 2023, Myanmar : Global Rapid Post-Disaster Damage Estimation (GRADE) Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
    Keywords: Cyclonic Storm ; Environment ; Grade Methodology ; Natural Disasters ; Rakhine State ; Social Protections and Assistance ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: Extremely severe cyclonic storm Mocha made landfall as a Category 4-equivalent cyclone in the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale on Sunday May 14, 2023, at 07:07 UTC (14:07 local time) around Sittwe city, the capital of Rakhine State, Myanmar. Given the fragile and conflict-affected situation with limited access in Myanmar, the World Bank has adopted the Global RApid post-disaster Damage Estimation (GRADE) methodology to estimate damages arising from Cyclone Mocha. GRADE is a remote, desktop analysis to estimate damage to capital stock. This report summarizes the results of the GRADE conducted to assess damages following the impact of Extremely severe cyclonic storm Mocha in Myanmar during May 2023
    DOI: 10.1596/40921
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 104
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    Nigeria Development Update, December 2023 : Turning the Corner: From Reforms and Renewed Hope, to Results (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Economic Forecasting ; Economic Growth ; FDI ; Foreign Direct Investment ; FX ; Import Bans ; Improved Welfare ; Inflation ; International Economics and Trade ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Oil Flows ; Private Sector Credit
    Abstract: Important reform decisions have been taken for Nigeria to avoid a fiscal cliff, and temporary compensation is being provided to help the poorest and most vulnerable households. In May and June 2023, the incoming administration undertook two critical policy decisions, which have resulted in price and exchange rate adjustments in the second half of the year. Targeted cash transfers are helping to cushion the adjustment to higher gasoline prices. On fiscal policy, budget planning for the next several years is consistent with sustaining the fiscal savings from the subsidy reform and mobilizing more revenues. However, the reforms are yet to be completed to fully realize the economic benefits. The FX market has remained volatile and is still in a period of continuing adjustment to the new policy approach. Revenue gains from the FX reform are visible, but more clarity is needed on oil revenues, including the fiscal benefits from the PMS subsidy reform. The economic outlook for Nigeria in the short to medium term hinges on the continuation and effectiveness of its macroeconomic stabilization agenda. Successful implementation of the initiated reforms will be the first step toward improving Nigeria's growth prospect. Moving decisively onto a higher long-term growth and poverty reduction path requires not only a stable macroeconomic environment but also concerted structural reforms
    DOI: 10.1596/40863
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 105
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    Evidence on Public Procurement from Firm-Level Surveys : Global Statistics from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys and a Novel Public Procurement Survey Module (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions Insight
    Keywords: Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Firm-Level ; Global Statistics ; Public and Municipal Finance ; Public Procurement ; WBES
    Abstract: Public procurement is at the intersection between the public and the private sectors. Policy makers and practitioners are increasingly paying attention to the potential catalytic role of public procurement to promote economic growth and inclusive and sustainable development, for example through participation of SMEs and women-owned firms in this market. However, despite a growing academic literature, there is still limited evidence on the link between public procurement and firms, which this paper contributes to address in two ways. First, this paper provides guidance on how to design a high-quality firm-level survey to study public procurement from the perspective of firms. Second, this paper presents some of the statistics and stylized facts that can be generated on public procurement from the existing World Bank Enterprise Surveys data, covering more than 150 countries worldwide. To sustain evidence-based policies in public procurement, firm-level survey data can be a valuable source of information on public procurement market. In particular, it can capture dimensions such as views and perceptions of firms that cannot be observed from e-government procurement data, it allows to study firms that never entered the public procurement market, and it provides data for countries that have not adopted an eGP system yet. Together with legislative and institutional reviews, and the analysis of transactional procurement data, firm-level survey data can be used to identify weaknesses of a public procurement system and inform reform efforts. This paper is part of a broader effort to continuously expand the available data, statistics, and tools for evidence-based policy making in public procurement
    DOI: 10.1596/40822
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 106
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    The Primary Health Care System in Fiji : A Primary Health Care Performance Initiative Assessment (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Health Sector Review
    Keywords: Governance ; Health Insurance ; Health Policy and Management ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; PHC ; Primary Health Care Performance ; Vital Signs Profile
    Abstract: This report presents the findings of the Vital Signs Profile (VSP) assessment conducted by the World Bank and the Primary Health Care Performance Initiative (PHCPI) in collaboration with Fiji's Ministry of Health and Medical Services (MHMS). The VSP provides an opportunity to assess the state of the primary health care (PHC) system in Fiji, highlighting areas of strength and challenges through the lens of the PHCPI framework. The framework organizes various domains and subdomains of primary health care using a logic model approach that encompasses the traditional inputs and outputs of PHC systems and emphasizes the capacity and processes of PHC service delivery and performance. Notably, while PHCPI recognizes the role of social determinants of health and intersectoral health promotion and prevention efforts as important factors influencing population health, the VSP is primarily focused on aspects of health service delivery. Fiji is one of four Pacific countries - alongside Kiribati, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and Solomon Islands that have, with support of the World Bank, used PHCPI tools to take stock of current performance, safeguard what works well, and lay out a vision for areas requiring improvement
    DOI: 10.1596/40943
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 107
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    Online Resource
    Armenia Public Sector Accountability Survey : Main Results and Recommendations (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions Insight
    Keywords: Anticorruption Agenda ; Governance ; Governance and Financial Sector ; Integrity Risks ; Law and Development ; Public Administration ; Public Procurement
    Abstract: The Armenia public sector accountability survey is instrumental in addressing the disparities between de jure laws and regulations and de facto practices and seeks to fill existing knowledge gaps and inform further definition and implementation of the government's anticorruption initiatives. The survey was implemented by the Corruption Prevention Commission (CPC) and the World Bank. It aimed to: (i) provide a comprehensive assessment of the patterns and determinants of integrity risks, and how they can impact productivity and performance in the public administration in Armenia; (ii) understand the perceptions of Armenian public servants regarding ongoing anticorruption initiatives, their awareness of integrity risks, and the needs for further interventions; and (iii) generate evidence, support and inform further definition of reforms and anticorruption initiatives that help address and counter weak integrity practices in the public sector in Armenia. By highlighting the disparities between de jure laws and de facto practices, particularly in terms of integrity within the public sector, this survey aimed to serve as a cornerstone for informing effective implementation in targeted interventions and bridging the gap between policy intentions and actual practices within Armenia's governance. The Armenia public sector accountability survey was aimed at public servants in selected public entities in Armenia, including central ministries and agencies, regional governments, and selected municipalities across the country. The analysis of the survey findings is anchored in the government production function conceptual framework and adjusted to explicitly take into account the drivers and consequences of corruption
    DOI: 10.1596/40949
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  • 108
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    FY 2023 Mongolia Country Opinion Survey Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Opinion Surveys
    Keywords: Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Abstract: The Country Opinion Survey in Mongolia assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Mongolia perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Mongolia on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Mongolia; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Mongolia; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Mongolia; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Mongolia
    DOI: 10.1596/40909
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  • 109
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    FY 2023 Ghana Country Opinion Survey Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Opinion Surveys
    Keywords: Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Abstract: The Country Opinion Survey in Ghana assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Ghana perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Ghana on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Ghana; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Ghana; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Ghana; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Ghana
    DOI: 10.1596/40902
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  • 110
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    Gulf Economic Update, Fall 2023 : Structural Reforms and Shifting Social Norms to Increase Women's Labor Force Participation (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Economic Growth ; Gender ; Gender and Development ; Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Saudi Arabia ; Women ; Women and Labor
    Abstract: The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) economies have been a bright spot in an otherwise gloomy economic landscape. Average growthin the GCC surpassed 7 percent in 2022 led by Saudi Arabia, its biggest economy, which was globally the fastest growing large economy. This growth was not just a result of buoyant hydrocarbon prices but also continued growth of non-oil sectors. The latter was the result of persistent structural reforms undertaken by several GCC countries to improve the investment environment, promote flexible labor markets, and encourage women to join the labor market. GCC countries have used the windfall revenues from oil and gas to rebuild their buffers, pay down their debt, and shore-up their sovereign wealth funds. They have also sought to protect their vulnerable populations with continued subsidies on food, fuel, and utilities. Such policies have limited the impact of inflation on the domestic economy. Finally, GCC countries have also used their financial muscle to support economically weaker countries in the region. The stellar growth of 2022 is slowing down and growth is expected to moderate to 1 percent in 2023 before picking up again to 3.6 percent in 2024. The decline in economic activity in 2023 is driven by consecutive production cut decisions by OPEC+ in an effort to stabilize global oil prices. However, non-oil GDP continues its growth trajectory reaching 3.9 percent, resulting weaker integration between oil and non-oil sectors. To maintain this track record, GCC countries will need to continue to exercise prudent macroeconomic management, stay the course with structural reforms, and increase non-oil exports. Downside risks remain and it would be amiss not to mention them. The conflict in the Middle East presents major risks to the region and the GCC outlook if it extends or expands to include other regional players. While it is too early to quantify the impact and channels of the conflict, we already witness a 4 percentsurge in global oil futures. Although China is bouncing back after emerging from tight Covid-19 lockdowns, troubles in the real estate sector could still disrupt this trajectory. Persistent high inflation in the world's major economies has not been entirely vanquishedsuggesting a high interest rate environment for a longer period. Windfall revenues are anticipated as a result of higher oil prices driven by the conflict in the Middle East. However, the extent and duration of the conflict will play a pivotal role in determining economicramifications not only on energy markets but also on regional financial and trade markets and overall economic confidence. The Special Focus section of the report discusses the power of structural reforms and social norms in advancing female labor force participation in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia experienced an unprecedented surge in female labor force participation since 2016 as a result of: (i) changing regulations and the removal of legal barriers, shifting social norms, (ii) the implementation of sound structural reforms and (iii) effective government communications. Saudi Arabia's success in increasing female labor force participation from 17.4 percent in 2017 to 36 percent in 2023 offers important lessons to other countries in the region and the world
    DOI: 10.1596/40880
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  • 111
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    Changing Foreign Direct Investment Dynamics and Policy Responses : White Paper for Japan's G7 Presidency (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Foreign Trade, FDI, and Capital Flows Study
    Keywords: East Asia ; FDI ; FDI Policy Reforms ; Foreign Direct Investment ; International Economics and Trade ; Liberalization ; Sub-Saharan Africa
    Abstract: A new report from the World Bank Group focuses on the trends in foreign direct investment (FDI), which encompasses foreign investment in new or existing firms and production facilities. FDI is a subset of overall capital flows, but it is perhaps the most critical because of its potential development impact and stability relative to other cross-border capital flows. Foreign capital flows to developing countries fell to an estimated USD 662 billion in 2022 from an average of over USD 1 trillion in the decade preceding the COVID-19 pandemic. Declining investment flows to developing markets largely reflect weaker macroeconomic prospects, geopolitical tensions, as well as the lasting impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The trend is also linked to the ongoing process of shifting global value chains and the transformation of investment in terms of modes of entry, sources, and sectors, among other dimensions. Growing climate change impacts, rising interest rates, and policy changes in advanced countries--such as incentives for green investments and localization of supply chains for key technologies--have also had far-reaching implications for the allocation of investment across the globe. The study seeks to provide a granular analysis of shifts in foreign direct investment flows and policy trends and suggests responses that developing countries may consider in order to reverse recent declines and to enable more private capital to support their development needs
    DOI: 10.1596/40934
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  • 112
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    Better Internet for All Filipinos : Reforms Promoting Competition and Increasing Investment for Broadband Infrastructure - A Policy Note (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Keywords: Broadband Infrastructure ; Digital Divide ; Digitalization ; ICT Legal and Regulatory Framework ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Internet ; Outdated Legal Frameworks
    Abstract: Equitable access to broadband services is imperative to narrow the digital divide and for more people to benefit from digitalization. Compared to other ASEAN countries, the Philippines' internet connectivity lags in affordability, speed, and access, creating an uneven landscape for digital participation. Limited internet access curbs digital potential for citizens and businesses, with peri-urban connectivity being critical to future growth. The country's poor broadband infrastructure is rooted in outdated policy frameworks that stifle investment in rural areas and foster a market with weak competition, both of which hinder broadband expansion. Binding constraints underlying the Philippines' poor broadband infrastructure are inter-related, requiring a comprehensive package of reforms to yield desired entry, investment, and sector performance outcomes. The open access in data transmission (OADT) bill is a promising, viable start, among several proposals in Congress. Policymakers can build on immediate reforms through the open access bill as an entry point to broader and medium- to longer-term digital connectivity agenda. The cost of inaction - loss of growth opportunity, people remaining unequipped for future jobs, and widening of the digital divide - is too high for the Philippines
    DOI: 10.1596/40924
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  • 113
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    FY 2023 Zimbabwe Country Opinion Survey Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Opinion Surveys
    Keywords: Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Abstract: The Country Opinion Survey in Zimbabwe assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Zimbabwe perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Zimbabwe on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Zimbabwe; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Zimbabwe; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Zimbabwe; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Zimbabwe
    DOI: 10.1596/40914
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  • 114
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    FY 2023 Guinea Country Opinion Survey : Pulse Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Opinion Surveys
    Keywords: Accountability ; Attitudes ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Governance ; International Governmental Organizations ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participations and Civic Engagement ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Knowledge ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Abstract: The Country Opinion Survey in Guinea assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Guinea perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Guinea on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Guinea; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Guinea; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Guinea; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Guinea
    DOI: 10.1596/40904
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  • 115
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    CEMAC Economic Barometer, December 2023, Vol.5 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: CEMAC ; Country Level ; Economic Forecasting ; Economic Outlook ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth
    Abstract: The CEMAC Economic Barometer is a World Bank publication that presents a snapshot of recent developments in and the economic outlook of the CEMAC region, followed by a brief assessment at the country level. The Economic Barometer also includes a focused technical section on a theme of regional relevance. This edition's special topic provides policy options for the CEMAC countries to take better advantage of future commodity price booms
    DOI: 10.1596/40864
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  • 116
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    South Sudan Economic Monitor : Investing in Humans (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Economic Growth ; Financial Sector ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Food Security ; Inflation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Monetary Policy ; Real Sector
    Abstract: Notwithstanding slower global growth and lingering impacts of recent catastrophic floods, private sector activity, outside the oil sector, has been supported by a relative return to peace, and higher government spending. Nevertheless, the economy is estimated to have contracted by 0.4 percent in FY23/24, reflecting drags from oil production. Supported by a successful exchange rate liberalization, inflation averaged -3.2 percent in 2022 and around 3 percent in the first nine months of 2023. Monetary policy has tightened in recent months, but it remains imperative that the central bank refrain from financing the fiscal deficit. The FY23/24 budget projects a smaller financing gap of about 13 percent of budget expenditures comparedto previous years. However, financing vulnerabilities remain high because of limited fiscal and external liquidity buffers and limited debt-carrying capacity
    DOI: 10.1596/40856
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  • 117
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    Der Goldschatz : Ein Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510087
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152320317.180991778292
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152320317.180991778292
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1329595580/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 118
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    Alles am rechten Platze : Ein Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510063
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152319104.847006486420
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152319104.847006486420
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1329595491/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 119
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    Das Mädchen, welches auf das Brot trat : Ein Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510100
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152323017.809805120039
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152323017.809805120039
    URL: https://d-nb.info/132959570X/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 120
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    Die Nachbar-Familien : Ein Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510070
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152320041.205843553822
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152320041.205843553822
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1329595556/34
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    Fliedermütterchen : Ein Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510056
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152318172.710924322815
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152318172.710924322815
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1329595440/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 122
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    Die Nachtigall : Ein Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510094
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152322064.522547003254
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152322064.522547003254
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1329595645/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 123
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    Der Rosen-Elf plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Der Rosen-Elf, Die Störche, Erlenhügel, Am letzten Tage, Eine gute Laune (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510223
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152323477.706089113347
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405152323477.706089113347
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1329595742/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 124
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    Der Garten des Paradieses : Ein Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510025
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405012322158.974323120744
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405012322158.974323120744
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1328069761/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 125
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    Ole Luk-Oie : Ein Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510032
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405012323575.148826967133
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405012323575.148826967133
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1328069869/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 126
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    Der Schweinehirt plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Der Schweinehirt, Die Wochentage, Die schönste Rose der Welt, Die kleinen Grünen, Der Wassertropfen. (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754509760
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405012318530.760779800105
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405012318530.760779800105
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1328069613/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 127
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    Die Geschichte des Jahres : Ein Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754509517
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405012321298.806838544782
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405012321298.806838544782
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1328069710/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 128
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    Unter dem Weidenbaume : Ein Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510049
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405012328251.185193921924
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405012328251.185193921924
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1328069974/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 129
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    Das Gänseblümchen plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Das Gänseblümchen, Die Windmühle, Tanze tanze Püppchen mein, Zwei Jungfern, Die glückliche Familie, (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754509692
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024040323234245022063
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024040323234245022063
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1325200654/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 130
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    Die wilden Schwäne : Ein Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754509654
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024040323181634297136
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024040323181634297136
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1325200417/34
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  • 131
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    Die Schneekönigin : Ein Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754509678
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024040323215559806624
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024040323215559806624
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1325200573/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 132
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    Die Prinzessin auf der Erbse plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Die Prinzessin auf der Erbse, Der unartige Knabe, Der böse Fürst, Der Engel, Das Feuerzeug, (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754509685
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024040323225312230869
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024040323225312230869
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1325200611/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 133
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    Der Schneemann plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Der Schneemann, Aufgeschoben ist nicht aufgehoben, Der Teetopf, Zwölf mit der Post, Ein Blatt vom Himmel (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754509708
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2404172319480.181045899143
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2404172319480.181045899143
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1326498053/34
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  • 134
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    Die roten Schuhe plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Die roten Schuhe, Das ist wirklich wahr, Fünf aus einer Hülse, Das Liebespaar, Die Hirtin und der Schornsteinfeger. (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754509739
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2404172320468.385917813834
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2404172320468.385917813834
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1326498126/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 135
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    Die kleine Meerjungfrau : Ein Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754509661
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024040323192923069601
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2024040323192923069601
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1325200476/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 136
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    Der Tannenbaum plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Der Tannenbaum, Der Flachs, Der alte Grabstein, Die Sparbüchse, Der Schmetterling. (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754509746
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2404172324086.892695533508
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2404172324086.892695533508
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1326498266/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 137
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    Der standhafte Zinnsoldat plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Der standhafte Zinnsoldat, Das kleine Mädchen mit den Schwefelhölzern, Wie's der Alte macht, ist immer richtig, Der Kragen, Die Springer. (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754509715
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2404172320056.996628278600
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2404172320056.996628278600
    URL: https://d-nb.info/132649807X/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 138
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    Des Kaisers neue Kleider plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Des Kaisers neue Kleider, Das Schneeglöckchen, Die Stopfnadel, Das Glück kann in einem Holzstöckchen liegen, Das Heinzelmännchen bei dem Krämer. (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754509722
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2404172321585.190420194583
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2404172321585.190420194583
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1326498185/34
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  • 139
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    Der fliegende Koffer plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Der fliegende Koffer, Tölpel-Hans, Die Lumpen, Das stumme Buch, Der Buchweizen. (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754509753
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2404172324489.299300076045
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2404172324489.299300076045
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1326498304/34
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  • 140
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    Die alte Turmglocke plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Die Schweine, Am Spittelfenster, Das Geldschwein, Die alte Turmglocke, Der silberne Schilling. (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510261
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292335558.030584669687
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292335558.030584669687
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1331165172/34
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  • 141
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    Das Schwanennest plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : "Ein Unterschied ist da", Wer war die Glücklichste?, Was die Distel erlebte, Ein Herzeleid, Das Schwanennest. (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510230
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292318337.184454455701
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292318337.184454455701
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1331164974/34
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  • 142
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    Die Schnecke und der Rosenstock plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Zwei Brüder, Die Schnecke und der Rosenstock, Der letzte Traum der alten Eiche, Die letzte Perle, Kinderschnack. (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510278
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292336411.497772639984
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292336411.497772639984
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1331165210/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 143
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    Das alte Haus plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Das alte Haus, Die Geschichte von einer Mutter, Tölpel-Hans, Die Glockentiefe, Das Glück kann in einem Holzstöckchen liegen. (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510254
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292321092.535417941710
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292321092.535417941710
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1331165083/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 144
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    Der kleine Tuk plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Der kleine Tuk, Die Glocke, Der Schnellläufer, Der Sturm bewegt das Schild, Am äußersten Meere. (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510292
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292339455.653663685291
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292339455.653663685291
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1331165318/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 145
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    Die Straßenlaterne plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Holger Danske, In Jahrtausenden, Eine Geschichte, Die Straßenlaterne, Eine Rose vom Grabe Homers (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510247
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292319368.946810364947
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292319368.946810364947
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1331165024/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 146
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    Die Großmutter plus vier weitere Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen : Hofhahn und Wetterhahn, Feder und Tintenfass, Die Großmutter, Vogel Phönix, Der Kobold und der Höker. (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754510285
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    Series Statement: Luna Luna Märchen
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292337021.077128710175
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292337021.077128710175
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1331165237/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 147
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    Die große Hörbuch Box der Tiermärchen : 50 Märchen der Brüder Grimm, Hans Christian Andersen und Johann Wolff (2024)
    Butzbach : BÄNG Management & Verlag
    Details
    ISBN: 9783754511169
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: ungekürzte Ausgabe
    DDC: 390
    Keywords: (Produktform)Downloadable audio file ; (Zielgruppe)ab 5 Jahre ; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV000000 ; (Produktform (spezifisch))MP3 format ; Märchen ; Hans Christian Andersen ; Gebrüder Grimm ; Kindermärchen ; Volksmärchen ; Johann Wolf ; (VLB-WN)9114
    URN: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292338498.072611657532
    URL: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2405292338498.072611657532
    URL: https://d-nb.info/1331165253/34
    URL: http://www.baeng.com
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  • 148
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    Madagascar Urbanization Review : Leveraging Cities as Drivers of Growth and Structural Transformation (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Urban Study
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Madagascar urbanization review
    Keywords: Verstädterung ; Stadtentwicklung ; Stadtplanung ; Politische Planung ; Adaptation To Climate Change ; City Development Strategies ; Environment ; Government Capacity ; Integrated Approach ; Sustainable Urban Growth ; Urban Development ; Urban Policies ; Urbanization ; Madagaskar
    Abstract: The Madagascar Urbanization Review aims to: - Contribute to the 2019 National Policy for Urban Development (Politique National de Developpement Urbain), the main policy document outlining the priorities for cities in Madagascar. - Serve as a diagnostic tool to identify the key barriers to sustainable and equitable urban growth in the country - Offer a set of recommended investment priorities and their sequencing, to support governments in making informed decisions on the future development of cities. - Promote an integrated approach to urban development and improve government capacity. - Promote an integrated approach to urban development and improve government capacity. - Help city leaders and national policy makers to: i. Think strategically about the opportunities offered by urbanization; ii. Address key bottlenecks that are holding back the potential benefits of urbanization; iii. Develop plans to address cities' most pressing issues; and iv. Build consensus between the national and local levels to drive the urban policy agenda
    DOI: 10.1596/41220
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 149
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    Tunisia Economic Monitor, Fall 2023 : Migration Amid a Challenging Economic Context (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Drought ; Economic Recovery ; Emigration ; Inflation ; Migration ; Poverty Reduction
    Abstract: Migration will likely become increasingly important for Tunisia in terms of both inflows and outflows, given the demographic transition in both Tunisia and Europe. As such Tunisia can work (also with partner countries) to maximize the benefits of migration. As a country of mainly emigration, Tunisia could help strengthen the match of its emigrants with the demand abroad, including through enhanced cooperation with destination countries. Such cooperation should include focusing international assistance towards development objectives in Tunisia. Based on available evidence, increasing household incomes will contribute to reducing the propensity to consider emigrating through irregular channels. As its importance as a destination country (hence migrants who want to settle in Tunisia) is likely to increase, Tunisia can also enhance the economic benefits from immigrants by facilitating migrants' regular status and streamlining the recognition of their qualifications, which has been identified as one of the key aspects for the successful implementation of bilateral mobility agreements involving skill partnerships
    DOI: 10.1596/40676
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 150
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    Taking Stock, March 2023 : Harnessing the Potential of the Services Sector or Growth (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Digital Technologies Adoption ; Economic Forecasting ; Economic Growth ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Manufacturing ; Services Sector ; Skills
    Abstract: The services sector has been a critical contributor to economic growth in Vietnam but its performance lags comparators The services sector has been the economy's largest sector for the past decade. Looking ahead, services could play a crucial role in supporting Vietnam to sustain productivity growth and achieve its ambition to become a high-income economy by 2045. However, the performance of Vietnam's services sector lags peer countries. Small scale of firms, restrictions to services trade, low technological adoption and few inter-sectoral linkages affect productivity. Based on the preliminary analysis presented in this report, the four broad policy directions can be identified. First, Vietnam could further reduce restrictions to services trade and foreign investment. Second, Vietnam should encourage further adoption of digital technologies within firms to spur innovation. Third, focus should be on strengthening workers skills especially basic digital skills and the capabilities of firms and managers. Lastly, Vietnam should leverage services to promote further growth of other sectors, especially manufacturing
    DOI: 10.1596/39524
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 151
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    Compendium of International and National Legal Frameworks on Female Genital Mutilation, Seventh Edition (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Law and Justice Study
    Keywords: Discrimination ; Female ; Gender ; Gender and Health ; Gender and Law ; Gender and Social Policy ; Genital Mutilation ; Human Rights ; International Law ; Law and Development ; Violence Against Women ; Women's Rights
    Abstract: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) is a development issue and am extreme form of violence against women and girls that affects more than 200 million women in the world. FGM/C is a harmful practice proven to impact the physical and mental health of affected women and girls from the moment of the cutting, with prolonged and irreversible consequences during their entire lives. FGM/C is at the confluence of domestic violence, child abuse and sexual assault and a serious violation of human rights. Studies show that FGM/C has economic and social consequences and a high obstetric cost although a comprehensive study on the exact extent of these economic, health and social costs is still to be carried out. Beyond the data and the statistics, researchers have shown that FGM/C deprives women of sexual satisfaction, sexual health and psychophysical wellbeing. The Compendium of International and National Legal Frameworks on Female Genital Mutilation (the Compendium) was prepared to contribute to this urgent and important development debate with the understanding that the knowledge of the law is an important empowerment tool to end FGM/C. It provides a survey of the key international and regional instruments as well as domestic legislation as they relate to the prohibition of FGM/C. The Compendium consists of topical chapters (international legal frameworks; regional legal frameworks; consensus documents and national legal frameworks) with hyperlinks to source documents, such as United Nations conventions, regional treaties, and national legislations. The Compendium is a working document intended as a reference tool for anyone interested in the topic of FGM/C (development practitioners, lawyers, community leaders, academics, researchers, students, et cetera
    DOI: 10.1596/39509
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 152
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    Rwanda Economic Update, February 2023 : Making the most of Nature Based Tourism in Rwanda (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Adaptation to Climate Change ; Biodiversity ; Climate Change ; Economic Forecasting ; Economic Growth ; Environment ; Environmentally Protected Areas ; Food Prices ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Nature-Based Tourism ; Poaching ; Private Sector ; Protected Areas
    Abstract: The Rwandan economy continued to achieve strong growth in 2022 in the face of weakening external demand and restrictive monetary policies required to control inflation. Rising food prices particularly affected the poor, who devote a large share of their spending to food and appear to have faced higher food inflation than richer households did. Growth is expected to decline somewhat in 2023 and then to recover closer to historical rates over the medium term. Tourism is a major source of Rwanda's foreign exchange earnings and tends to generate a higher proportion of formal sector jobs than other sectors and could make a substantial contribution to growth. Within tourism, strengthening the provision of nature-based tourism, which accounts for eight percent of leisure and conference visitors in Rwanda would also help protect biodiversity and advance Rwanda's efforts to adapt to climate change. Nature-based tourism faces significant challenges, including potential limits on expansion of revenues from one of the primary international attractions - gorilla trekking, degradation of the natural assets that underpin the sector, risks presented by infectious diseases, habitat change and overexploitation, and the impact of climate change on tourism demand. Key measures to promote nature-based tourism will need to include expanding the network of protected areas and improving management of the natural assets within and outside protected areas and diversifying the nature-based tourism's offering while complementing efforts to diversify tourism activities. Efforts are required to enhance revenue sharing mechanisms to increase incentives for local communities to conserve natural assets and unlock new opportunities and community-led enterprises that generate revenue from tourism and sustainable management of natural resources, including forests. This is essential to address poverty, to mitigate poaching threats, other illegal activities, and reduce unsustainable exploitation of resources. It is also imperative to secure private sector participation in financing and operation of facilities by introducing innovative financing methods to secure the necessary investment, strengthening capacity and management of tourism facilities and services, and removing subsidies that contribute to environmental degradation
    DOI: 10.1596/39470
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 153
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    Pacific Island Countries : Financial Stability and Resilience in Turbulent Times (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Keywords: Adaptation to Climate Change ; Climate Change ; COVID-19 ; Environment ; Finance and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Systems ; Transition ; Vulnerabilities
    Abstract: This report provides an assessment of the stability of the financial systems of selected Pacific Island Countries (PICs) in the context of COVID-19 and emerging risks. The report brings together an analysis of information provided by the central banks of the PICs covered by this study over the last two years. The purpose of the study is to assess the financial stability and vulnerabilities and to provide technical guidance to the PIC authorities to assist in their financial sector policy response. Chapter 1 presents an overview of the financial systems of the PICs. Chapter 2 presents an analysis of the impacts of COVID-19 on the financial systems of the PCIs and the policy responses to the pandemic. Chapter 3 looks at the challenges of transitioning from the pandemic to normal policy settings. Chapter 4 provides a set of bespoke policy recommendations with the aim of enhancing the ability to deal with financial sector risks and vulnerabilities. Finally, Chapter 5 puts forward recommendations for the assessment of climate and environmental related risks on the PICs. The report finds that the pandemic has negatively impacted economic growth in the PICs, challenging financial stability. Due to various relief measures adopted by governments in the region, and the lagged economic impact of the pandemic, the PICs' financial sectors do not yet fully reflect the risks to bank profitability and asset quality, which could materialize over 2022-23. Response and
    DOI: 10.1596/39455
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 154
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    Timor-Leste Economic Report, December 2022 : Honoring the Past, Securing the Future (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Delivery Systems ; Economic Forecasting ; Economic Growth ; GDP ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Reform ; Social Protection ; Social Protections and Assistance ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: The global economy continues to face steep challenges, but Timor-Leste's economy is slowly recovering. Nevertheless, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita has not returned to pre-pandemic levels. Consumer price inflation reached 7.9 percent yoy in August 2022, one of the highest in the East Asia Pacific region. The real effective exchange rate (REER) has appreciated by about 10 percent since the first quarter of 2021. Enhancing productive capabilities through structural reforms and improving quality of public spending hold the key for accelerating and sustaining economic development. Extending the life of petroleum fund through fiscal consolidation is essential to delay the fiscal cliff and ensure the perpetuation of government spending to support economic growth. Despite receding impact of the pandemic, the level of government spending has not returned to the pre-COVID 19 levels
    DOI: 10.1596/39439
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 155
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    2022 Investment Policy and Regulatory Review - Nigeria (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Keywords: Digital Sector ; Domestic ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Governance ; International ; International Economics and Trade ; Legal Instruments
    Abstract: This Investment Policy and Regulatory Review (IPRR) presents information on the legal and regulatory frameworks governing foreign direct investment (FDI) in Nigeria. Since legal and regulatory frameworks are constantly evolving, a cut-off date was set for the research. This country review therefore covers information available as of December 31, 2021, unless otherwise indicated in the review. This IPRR is organized as follows: Section 2 provides an overview of the country's investment policy framework, including the legal instruments regulating foreign investment, key institutions involved in investment promotion, as well as the country's foreign investment promotion strategy; it also delineates the country's international investment legal framework, including the country's commitments under the World Trade Organization (WTO) and select international investment agreements (IIAs); Sections 3-6 cover the country's policies and domestic legal framework concerning different dimensions of the lifecycle of an investment: entry and establishment (Section 3), protection (4), incentives (5) and linkages (6); Sections 7-8 explore emerging investment policy and regulatory areas - Section 7 considers outward FDI and Section 8 responsible investment; Section 9 focuses on city-specific investment policy and regulatory measures in the largest commercial center; and Section 10 covers FDI in the digital economy
    DOI: 10.1596/38522
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  • 156
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    Impact Evaluation of "Invest in Pomerania" (2011-2020) (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Economic and Sector Work Reports
    Keywords: FDI ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Investment
    Abstract: In 2011, the Pomerania region of Poland set up Invest in Pomerania (IiP) as its regional investment promotion agency. Several local institutions together launched IiP to ensure regional coordination of FDI attraction and investment promotion opportunities. The goal was to create a single entity that would effectively attract and facilitate FDI in the region and that would also act as an interface between investors, local authorities, and other stakeholders. While starting off small, the agency has developed significantly since its inception. With a total of twenty-two employees, the agency today has a number of functions, including promoting investment, providing matchmaking services, promoting innovation, developing local suppliers, functioning as a one-stop-shop, and promoting domestic investment. This report assesses the impact of IiP on Pomerania's economic performance in the period from 2011 to 2021. Upon reaching its ten-year anniversary, the agency seeks to better understand its contributions to attracting FDI and to the region's economic development objectives. Currently, IiP is developing its new investment promotion strategy for 2022-2027. By looking back to assess the agency's impact while also drawing out major IiP's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, this report evaluates past performance while also informing the agency's future development path
    DOI: 10.1596/38486
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  • 157
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    Algeria Economic Update, Fall 2022 : Staying the Course for Transition (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Economic Forecasting ; Economic Growth ; Economic Insecurity ; Hydrocarbon Revenues ; Inflation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Non-Hydrocarbon ; Private Sector ; Resilience
    Abstract: The recovery continued in the first semester of 2022, supported by nonhydrocarbon activity and crude oil production. The continuing high level of global hydrocarbon prices prolonged the upturn of external balances. The budget deficit is expected to narrow moderately in 2022, as the strong increase in public expenditure compensates for most of the increase in revenues. The economic recovery should continue in 2023, supported by the nonhydrocarbon sector and public expenditure growth. The main risks to the macroeconomic outlook arise from fluctuations in global hydrocarbon prices, underscoring the importance of the Government's current reform program
    DOI: 10.1596/38472
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  • 158
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    Social Cohesion and Forced Displacement : A Synthesis of New Research (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Keywords: Conflict and Development ; Forced Displacement ; Host Communities ; Inequality ; Living Standards ; Poverty Reduction ; Social Cohesion ; Social Conflict Prevention
    Abstract: This report presents new evidence from 26 background studies on forced displacement and social cohesion to expand the current knowledge base on how to prevent social conflict and promote social cohesion in forced displacement contexts. The background studies are geographically and methodologically diverse. They examine social cohesion in a variety of low-, middle-, and high-income countries across Africa, Asia, Central, and South America, and Europe. Building on this new evidence, the report provides lessons on how development investments and policies can reduce inequalities, alleviate social tensions, and promote social cohesion between and within displaced populations and host communities. Overall, the findings demonstrate that, while displacement can exacerbate existing inequalities and create new inequalities and the potential for conflict, especially in areas with strained services and limited economic opportunities, inclusive policies and development investments can effectively mitigate the negative effects of displacement and promote social cohesion
    DOI: 10.1596/38431
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  • 159
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    Global Economic Prospects, January 2023 (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 pages)
    Series Statement: Global Economic Prospects
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Advanced Economies ; Debt Levels ; EMDE ; Emerging Market and Developing Economies ; Fiscal Policy ; Global Deceleration ; Global Economy ; Global Growth ; Inflation ; Macroeconomic Policy ; Recession ; Russia Invasion
    Abstract: Global growth is projected to decelerate sharply, reflecting synchronous policy tightening aimed at containing very high inflation, worsening financial conditions, and continued disruptions from Russia's invasion of Ukraine. Investment growth in emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs) is expected to remain below its average rate of the past two decades. Further adverse shocks could push the global economy into recession. Small states are especially vulnerable to such shocks because of the reliance on external trade and financing, limited economic diversification, elevated debt, and susceptibility to natural disasters. Against this backdrop, it is critical that EMDE policy makers ensure that any fiscal support is focused on vulnerable groups, that inflation expectations remain well anchored, and that financial systems continue to be resilient. Urgent global and national efforts are also needed to mitigate the risks of global recession and debt distress in EMDEs, and to support a major increase in EMDE investment. Global Economic Prospects is a World Bank Group Flagship Report that examines global economic developments and prospects, with a special focus on emerging market and developing economies, on a semiannual basis (in January and June). Each edition includes analytical pieces on topical policy challenges faced by these economies
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  • 160
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    World Bank Group Support to Somalia, Fiscal Years 2013-22 - Country Program Evaluation (Approach Paper, March 2, 2023) (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEG Evaluation
    Keywords: Climate Change ; Development Challenges ; Economic Growth ; Food Insecurity ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Natural Disasters
    Abstract: Somalia is today among the poorest and most fragile countries in the world, facing myriad development challenges related to ongoing conflict, climate change, food insecurity, natural disasters, and displacement. Overlapping crises related to the COVID-19 pandemic, a prolonged drought, and macroeconomic shocks from rising food and fuel costs have worsened socioeconomic conditions (World Bank 2022). Seventy-one percent of Somalis lived in extreme poverty in 2021, compared with 28 percent for Sub-Saharan Africa (World Bank 2021). Average life expectancy was 57.4 years, and maternal mortality stood at 734 for every 100,000 births (World Bank 2018d). The country's Sustainable Development Goal ranking was 160th out of 163. The Somalia Country Program Evaluation (CPE) will assess the evolution of the World Bank Group's support over fiscal years (FY)13-22 and the extent to which the Bank Group adequately prepared for an eventual normalization of relations with Somalia, tailored its support to the conflict and fragility situation in Somalia and evolving circumstances and country priorities, and learned from experience. It will seek to inform the preparation of the next Somalia Country Partnership Framework (CPF) and may be relevant to broader Bank Group engagement in countries affected by fragility, conflict, and violence (FCV)
    DOI: 10.1596/39575
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  • 161
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    Syria Earthquake 2023 : Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (RDNA) (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
    Keywords: Earthquake ; Environment ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure Finance ; Macroeconomic Impact ; Natural Disasters ; Recovery and Reconstruction ; Social Protections and Assistance ; Social Protections and Labor ; Socioeconomic Impact ; Syria
    Abstract: Following the magnitude (Mw) 7.8 Turkiye-Syria Earthquake on February 6, 2023, and the (Mw) 6.3 earthquake on February 20, 2023, the World Bank launched the Syria Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (RDNA). The objective of the RDNA is to estimate the impact of the earthquake on physical assets and service delivery in the most affected areas. The RDNA covers six governorates with roughly 10million inhabitants, with an in-depth analysis of nine cities. It provides preliminary estimates to rebuild infrastructure and restore service delivery, and general guiding principles for recovery and building back better, focusing on early recovery (0-12 months) and short-term needs (1-3 years). The RDNA also analyses the macroeconomic and socioeconomic impacts of the earthquake to anticipate repercussions on the economic outlook and on the population's well-being. This RDNA contributes to the understanding of the impactof the earthquake on Syria. While the RDNA focuses on the damages incurred by the earthquake, the compounding effect of the pre-existing damages caused by the conflict are reflected in the pre-earthquake baseline. The RDNA follows a globally established and recognized damage, loss, and needs assessment methodology developed by the World Bank Group (WBG), the European Union (EU), and the United Nations (UN). This methodology has been applied globally in post-disaster and conflict contexts to inform recovery and reconstruction planning. Prior to this RDNA, the World Bank Group conducted six assessments to provide information on the effects of the ongoing conflict on population, physical infrastructure, and quality of service delivery
    DOI: 10.1596/39610
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    Towards a More Equitable Development : Constraints and Opportunities for Women in Djibouti (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Keywords: Closing Gaps ; Gender and Economics ; Gender and Law ; Gender Equality ; Gender Monitoring and Evaluation ; Women's Legal Status
    Abstract: Djibouti has experienced a record of strong economic growth and has made considerable progress in various developmental indicators in recent years. Despite this important progress, major challenges remain as Djibouti's development has not been equitable nor inclusive, including from a gender perspective. Djibouti has experienced dynamic social change reflected in the considerable improvement over the years in women's rights and responsibilities as well as their access to opportunities, but the patriarchal societal structure and the disconnect between constitutional and legal frameworks continue to impede women. This gender assessment provides a comprehensive view of the status of women in Djibouti along three dimensions: endowments in human capital, economic opportunities, as well as voice and agency, which encompasses issues such as gender based violence, decision making, and political participation, among others
    DOI: 10.1596/39555
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    Institutional and Procurement Practice Note on Cloud Computing : Cloud Assessment Framework and Evaluation Methodology (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions Insight
    Keywords: Cloud Computing ; Data Classification ; Governance ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information Technology ; Institutional Framework ; Security
    Abstract: Despite widespread awareness on the benefits of cloud computing, authorities in most of the World Bank's client countries have not explored the opportunity of adopting cloud computing solutions. Task teams are finding it difficult to provide relevant advice to the counterparts and address their concerns. Most authorities have identified risks of moving to cloud computing: Will their data be safe? Will they have sovereign control over access to data stored offshore? Will privacy be protected? These risks are real. Due to an inadequate assessment framework to identify and assess these risks, the typical response of most client governments is to develop a government's cloud (G-Cloud or GovCloud). This seems logical for more sensitive or mission critical data. However, this is not enough. Adopting a hybrid cloud model, which leverages the cloud services from the private sector to work in conjunction with the G-Cloud can offer immense opportunities to save costs, improve security, enhance performance, and strengthen resilience in a post COVID-19 world. However, client governments need guidance to change their policy response on cloud computing - from the risk-avoidance to the one of risk-management. This note provides guidance on institutional and procurement arrangements and risk mitigation methodology for acquiring and managing public cloud solutions using a whole-of-government approach
    DOI: 10.1596/39549
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    Green Growth in North Macedonia's Agriculture Sector (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Agriculture Study
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Climate Change ; Climate Change and Agriculture ; Financing ; Green Growth ; Policy Implementation
    Abstract: This report focuses on the agri-food sector in North Macedonia and investigates the potential and necessary actions for adopting a green growth trajectory. Agri-food is a key sector in need of transformation to achieve green growth in the country. The sector has great economic importance, and it is vulnerable to climate change and other environmental risks, which will compound current sector inefficiencies, including declining competitiveness. This report aims to assess: (i) the actions needed to re-focus agricultural support priorities in a manner that reflects green growth ambitions; (ii) policy financing implications; and (iii) the availability and capacity of effective policy implementation mechanisms. Finally, the potential impacts of greening agriculture support on farm efficiency are assessed and discussed
    DOI: 10.1596/39583
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  • 165
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    Pakistan - Human Capital Review : Building Capabilities Throughout Life (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Social Analysis
    Keywords: Access To Educaton ; Becoming Upper-Middle-Income ; Economics of Education ; Education ; Gender and Education ; Gender Inequity ; Gender Monitoring and Evaluation ; Girls Education Gap ; High Stunting Rate ; Human Capital Investment ; Skill Utilization ; Social Development
    Abstract: Pakistan can realize major economic growth and development by investing in its people and their human capital. But the reality is that Pakistan's human capital is low and has improved only marginally over the past three decades. Inequalities in human capital outcomes have persisted or widened over time between the rich and poor, men and women, and rural and urban areas and among the provinces. Human capital outcomes are low across the board, with even the most economically advantaged groups in Pakistan having lower human capital outcomes than less economically advantaged groups in peer countries. Pakistan's Human Capital Index (HCI) value of 0.41 is low in both absolute and relative terms. It is lower than the South Asia average of 0.48, with Bangladesh at 0.46 and Nepal at 0.49. Pakistan's human capital outcomes are more comparable to those in Sub-Saharan Africa, which has an average HCI value of 0.40. To enhance its human capital, Pakistan should adopt a life cycle approach to building, protecting, and deploying human capital, starting before birth, continuing through early childhood development, and schooling, culminating in increasingly productive employment. This calls for a long-term commitment, recognition of the multidimensional and cumulative nature of human capital investments, deliberate efforts from multiple stakeholders and sectors to build on intersectoral linkages, and a continuity of policies across political parties and governments. Many countries previously at Pakistan's level of development have managed to precisely do this, even with regional variations and gaps just as large. Pakistan has the tools to implement the recommendations in this report, provide stewardship for human capital investments, and enhance economic growth over the long term. Pakistan's handling of the COVID-19 pandemic has shown that the country can manage complex challenges, despite its institutional constraints
    DOI: 10.1596/39629
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    Planning National Telemedicine and Health Hotline Services : A Toolkit for Service Providers Working with Governments (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (98 pages)
    Series Statement: International Development in Practice
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Abstract: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic underscored the need for many countries to develop more effective and accessible primary health care systems, as well as more efficient ways to quickly disperse and collect health information. In particular, countries with low health care worker-to-population ratios, as well as large populations that do not live close to health centers, need better ways for their citizens to access health services. Telemedicine or health hotline services have shown for more than 60 years that they can help people to receive accurate and timely health information and make informed decisions about when to seek treatment. These services offer the ability to provide health information and care remotely, thereby extending the reach of the health care system, improving efficiencies, and enhancing the quality of care. Health services that are stewarded by governments and embedded into public health systems are more likely to sustain impact at scale. Government stewardship, however, benefits from private sector partnerships to help with implementation, scale, and sustainability. Planning National Telemedicine and Health Hotline Services: A Toolkit for Service Providers Working with Governments is designed to guide service providers interested in working with governments to establish nationwide telemedicine or health hotline services. The range of private sector services includes call center service providers, teleconferencing software providers, data centers/hosting providers, interactive voice response providers, hotline and reference software providers, software support service providers, and mobile network operators. The toolkit provides guidance in four key areas: -- Engaging with governments -- Supporting governments' five-year strategies and one-year road maps -- Understanding technical considerations and producing realistic proposals and cost estimates -- Ensuring the ongoing success of solutions. The success of these partnerships can lead to major advances in health services that reach more Communities and help to ensure successful and sustainable nationwide services
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    Shaping First Steps : A Comprehensive Review of Preschool Education in Malaysia (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Education Study
    Keywords: Access ; Child-Centered Curriculum ; Governance ; Governance, Preschool Education ; Nutrition and Health ; Universal Enrollment
    Abstract: The potential benefits from supporting early childhood development range from healthy development to a greater capacity to learn and increased productivity in adulthood. Despite undertaking various preschool education reforms and initiatives, issues of access and quality remain and continue to grow. The Malaysia Education Blueprint (2013-2025) set a target to achieve universal preschool enrollment by 2020, and Malaysia, along with many other developing countries, has yet to achieve this. Findings from the World Bank's preschool survey and stakeholder interviews carried out for this report point to a range of issues, such as a lack of preschool seat availability in certain areas, low awareness among parents on the benefits of sending their children to preschools, affordability of preschool expenses, low teacher quality, and concerns over the overlapping roles between the multiple ministries and agencies that oversee ECCE in Malaysia. This review is carried out in collaboration with the Ministry of Education (MOE) and is a comprehensive assessment of Malaysia's current preschool education landscape. The review aims to identify the gaps between the targets and aspirations set by MOE and the government under various policy documents and the outcomes to date. It also aims to deep-dive into the underlying reasons for these gaps, and seek solutions to close them and achieve the aspirations. This report synthesizes the findings from research, analysis, and stakeholder engagement activities, and is organized by a framework of targets, pillars, and enablers
    DOI: 10.1596/39851
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    Unlocking Women's and Girls' Potential : The status of women and girls relative to men and boys in Guinea (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Gender Assessment
    Keywords: Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Contraceptive Use ; Cutting ; Education ; Female Genital Mutilation ; Gender ; Gender and Health ; Gender and Law ; Gender and Poverty ; Gender-Based Violence ; Girls Education Status ; Maternal Health Access ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Development ; Women's Access To Health Services ; Women's Agency ; Women's Economic Opportunity
    Abstract: Evidence shows that Guinean women and girls face important barriers across all dimensions of well-being that prevent them from having access to opportunities on an equal footing with men. The poor agency of women and girls, as reflected in the high prevalence of discriminatory legal and social norms, translates into gaps in health, education, employment, and entrepreneurship, ultimately undermining their capacity to fulfill their potential and imposing important societal costs. This report presents a summary of the key challenges facing Guinean women and girls relative to men and boys. The report has a particular focus on early family formation, a common phenomenon in the country with important implications for girls' and women's well-being and opportunities in life. On the basis of this diagnostic and a review of evidence of what works, the report proposes some strategic lines of action to address the existing constraints and effectively empower Guinean women
    DOI: 10.1596/39798
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    Strengthening Public Finances for Inclusive Growth and Sustainable Development (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Public Expenditure Review
    Keywords: Expenditure Efficiency ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal Sustainability ; Inclusive Growth ; PER ; Public and Municipal Finance ; Public Expenditure
    Abstract: The Republic of Congo is the third-largest crude oil producer in Sub-Saharan Africa after Nigeria and Angola and is heavily dependent on oil production and oil exports. With a population of 5.5 million, Congo is a lower middle-income economy, endowed with abundant natural resources. The economy is heavily dependent on oil production, which accounted for 45 percent of GDP, 75 percent of government revenue, and 95 percent of exports of goods during the height of oil prices (2010-14). Besides crude oil, Congo is endowed with a wealth of mineral resources, including reserves of potash, phosphate, iron, and copper, which remain largely untapped. Much of the country is covered with tropical forests of softwoods and hardwoods (over 65 percent of the country's total surface area), a fragile ecosystem that removes carbon from the atmosphere and stores it, thus helping to slow global warming. This Public Finance Review (PFR) aims to support the implementation of the National Development Plan. This PFR provides analysis and advice to the government on two objectives: (i) to increase expenditure efficiency to support inclusive growth in a sustainable manner, and (ii) to boost mobilization of broad-based revenue to finance the development objectives envisaged in the new National Development Plan. This PFR is performed as part of the World Bank Group's broader efforts to support the enhancement of fiscal management in Congo. A public finance review rather than a public expenditure review was undertaken because revenue mobilization is critical for Congo to restore fiscal sustainability. The PFR complements recently completed and ongoing analytical pieces on Congo's fiscal management, including the Tax Administration Diagnostic Assessment Tool analysis (2019); Debt Management Performance Assessment (2021); the Republic of Congo Economic Updates (2019 and 2020); the Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) assessment (2023, and the Public Expenditure Review on Human Development (2022). This PFR, therefore, focuses on areas that are not addressed by these analytic reports
    DOI: 10.1596/39721
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    Afghanistan Gender Monitoring Survey : Baseline Report (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Keywords: Access To Education ; Employment ; Freedom of Expression ; Gender ; Gender and Education ; Gender and Law ; Gender and Social Development ; Gender Monitoring and Evaluation ; Restrictions ; Women
    Abstract: Through various decrees from the Interim Taliban Administration (ITA), women and girls have been systematically excluded from public and political domains, and restricted in their freedom of expression, access to education, and some forms of employment. As the restrictions continue to mount, it is increasingly important to safely consult with women and girls on their needs and priorities. The Afghanistan gender monitoring survey (AGMS) is intended to provide a snapshot of women's own perceptions of their situation and to bring the voices of Afghan women into data collection efforts to inform the humanitarian-development response. The AGMS interviews were conducted in September and October 2022. This first round of data collection will provide an important baseline from which to assess the additional impacts of the December bans. This report presents the main results of the AGMS, conducted by the World Bank
    DOI: 10.1596/39708
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    Republic of Congo Economic Update, 10th Edition, June 2023 : Reforming Fossil Fuel Subsidies (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Adaptation To Climate Change ; Economic Growth ; Environment ; Fossil Fuels Subsidies ; Hydrocarbon Prices ; Inflation ; Macroeconomic Growth ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Non-Performing Loans ; Social Safety Nets ; Transport Sector
    Abstract: This is the tenth edition of the Republic of Congo Economic Update. Each edition of this annual report presents an overview of the Republic of Congo's (ROC) evolving macroeconomic position, followed by a detailed exploration of a specific topic. The first chapter of this year's update presents recent economic developments and macroeconomic outlook and risks. It also includes policy actions that could help strengthen fiscal and debt sustainability, contain food inflation, and sustain economic recovery. The second chapter discusses fossil fuel subsidies, which represent a significant fiscal burden in the Republic of Congo
    DOI: 10.1596/39923
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    Yemen Country Economic Memorandum 2022 : Glimmers of Hope in Dark Times (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Economic Memorandum
    Keywords: Conflict ; COVID-19 ; Economic Forecasting ; Food Insecurity ; Inflation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Diagnostics ; Poverty Reduction
    Abstract: Yemen's economy has been transformed by eight years of violent conflict. War has shattered the country's already fragile economic equilibrium, touching upon virtually every aspect of life. The compounded shocks of the COVID-19 pandemic and rising global prices have only deepened the economic and humanitarian disaster precipitated by the war. Since the start of the conflict, economic analyses have tended to focus on the deterioration of macroeconomic indicators, the sharp rise in poverty and food insecurity, and the destruction of infrastructure and the capital stock, but relatively little attention has been paid to the current structure of the economy or what prospects can be envisaged for the country. Also, it is important to situate this analysis within the political economy dynamics of the country which majorly affect the economic development challenges of the country. Data constraints and the unique characteristics of Yemen's recent experience limit the effectiveness of traditional growth-analysis methodologies. This Country Economic Memorandum (CEM) uses novel data-collection methods and analytical techniques, triangulating its findings with traditional approaches and direct data collection to close the economic knowledge gap. Information sources include extensive key-informant interviews, household phone surveys, and remotely sensed geospatial data based on satellite imagery, including nighttime illumination data. This CEM also combines an in-depth political economy analysis with economic development investigation
    DOI: 10.1596/39914
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    Vietnam Country Case Study : ASEAN Vaccine Development and Manufacturing Research Project (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Keywords: Financial Viability ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Immunizations ; Investments ; Vaccine Security ; Value Chain
    Abstract: This regional analytical activity will contribute to knowledge on the technical, operational, and financial viability and strategic partnership required among ASEAN countries to strengthen coordinated investments on the vaccine value chain. The ASA has three major activities: i) A deep-dive public sector technical assessment of country and regional level vaccine security, including gaps and opportunities across the value chain from RandD to last mile distribution; ii) A private sector value chain analysis covering upstream and downstream aspects of vaccine manufacturing; and iii) An economic analysis examining the feasibility of coordinated investments across countries to leverage comparative advantage in specific aspects of the vaccine value chain
    DOI: 10.1596/40001
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    Papua New Guinea Country Economic Memorandum : Pathways to Faster and More Inclusive Growth (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Economic Memorandum
    Keywords: Economic Development ; Economic Forecasting ; Economic Growth ; Human Capital ; Inclusive Growth ; Macroeconomic Instability ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Productivity ; Volatility
    Abstract: The Country Economic Memorandum (CEM) focuses on long-term growth, outlining the challenges Papua New Guinea (PNG) faces to achieve sufficient economic growth to expand the incomes of its rapidly growing population as well as what is required for PNG to make the transition to a higher, more stable, and more inclusive growth path. PNG's modest headline economic growth has translated into limited per capita income growth in the past four decades. While the economy expanded by 3.2 percent on average during 1980-2021, per capita gross domestic product (GDP) recorded an average annual growth rate of only 0.9 percent. Moreover, the gap between PNG's per capita income level and those of its peer countries has widened. Despite being at a similar level of development in the 1970s and having enormous natural wealth, PNG's income level is diverging away from the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region. This calls for a renewed policy focus on boosting economic growth, by addressing PNG's excessive macroeconomic volatility, low productivity growth, and high reliance on natural capital as opposed to human and physical capital
    DOI: 10.1596/39995
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    The Economics of Plastic Use and Cleanup Priorities for West African Coastal Countries (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Keywords: Economic Cost ; Environmental Disasters and Degradation ; Environmental Economics and Policies ; Environmental Protection ; Marine Plastic Waste ; Plastic Pollution ; Pollution Mitigation ; Public Health Risks
    Abstract: Rapidly growing, unregulated plastic litter has created a multitude of environmental and economic problems worldwide. With an estimated lifetime of centuries, plastic waste has become a major stressor in marine ecosystems. In West Africa, the use of plastic products has proliferated with urbanization, and their unregulated disposal has created a host of terrestrial and marine-related environmental problems. This study aims to help decision-makers better understand the economics of marine plastic-waste generation and its cleanup, with a focus on West African coastal countries. To aid the policy process to reduce marine plastic pollution, it addresses the following key questions: - What is the economic cost to society of marine plastic waste? - How does this cost compare with the pollution mitigation cost, using various incentive-based, command-and control approaches for pollution prevention and the cost of plastic waste removal through cleaning, recycling, and safe disposal? - Would general economic measures (for example, tariffs on imported polyethylene) significantly reduce pollution from single-use plastics? - Are there trade-offs between plastic pollution prevention and any other social objectives related to policymaking? How should cost-effective cleanups be implemented?
    DOI: 10.1596/39984
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    Generative Artificial Intelligence (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Sector/Thematic Studies
    Keywords: Creativity and Scalability ; Disaster Relief ; Efficiency and Productivity ; Explicit Density Models ; Generative AI ; Implicit Density Models ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information Technology ; Infrastructure Development ; Machine Learning
    Abstract: Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has been developing rapidly and has attracted significant attention in recent years, with numerous advances and breakthroughs. The generative AI market is expected to grow from 1.5 billion dollars in 2021 to 6.5 billion dollars by 2026 - a compound annual growth rate of 34.9 percent. Acknowledging the growing importance of generative AI in research and practical applications, including its use to solve international development challenges, this report provides a comprehensive overview of generative AI, introduces the basics, explains its development over time, and examines its types and applications. After highlighting the benefits and capabilities of generative AI, the report explores how it can be applied in various industries such as health care, manufacturing, media, and entertainment and then discusses potential opportunities and limitations users must consider. Finally, it describes initiatives and strategies that the Korean government and private sector players have implemented to adopt and advance generative AI in Korea and the global marketplace. The fifth issue in the Emerging Technology series, generative AI is the result of a collaboration effort of the World Bank Group Information Technology Solutions Technology and the World Bank Korea Country Office. The series captures new technology and trends and shares knowledge to help solve international development challenges
    DOI: 10.1596/39959
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    The World Bank Group's Early Support to Addressing the COVID-19 Economic Response, April 2020 - June 2021 : An Early-Stage Evaluation (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Independent Evaluation Group Studies
    Keywords: COVID-19 ; Economic Forecasting ; Economic Impact ; Economic Insecurity ; Economic Stabilization ; Future Crisis ; Institutional Level ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Recovery ; Strategic Level
    Abstract: In the face of the global economic crisis caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the World Bank delivered the largest crisis response in its history. This evaluation assesses the Bank Group's early response to the economic crises caused by COVID-19, and examines interventions over the 15 months from April 2020 through June 2021. The report considers two evaluation windows: the acute crisis phase (April 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020) and the incipient recovery phase (January 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021). The objective of identifying the two windows was to assess whether the Bank Group internalized learning from the first period of the crisis to address the challenges that were materializing in the (incipient) recovery phase. The evaluation assesses the relevance of the Bank Group's interventions on three dimensions: the extent to which the Bank Group targeted its early response based on clients' and sectors' needs, the extent to which the Bank Group used timely diagnostics and lessons from past crises to inform its early response, and the extent to which the early response leveraged the Bank Group's comparative advantages. The evaluation studies the quality of the Bank Group response on three dimensions: the extent to which the Bank Group early response influenced client strategies; the extent to which the Bank Group coordinated its early response among its constituent institutions and with development partners; and how well the Bank Group early response handled monitoring, safeguards, and governance. The evaluation offers two near-term recommendations to strengthen the role of the Bank Group as a crisis responder, which is now more critical than ever
    DOI: 10.1596/38514
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    China Economic Update, December 2022 : Navigating Uncertainty - China's Economy in 2023 (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Consumer Demand ; COVID-19 ; Economic Forecasting ; Economic Growth ; Low Inflation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Unemployment ; Youth
    Abstract: Activity in China continues to track the ups and downs of the pandemic - outbreaks and growth slowdowns have been followed by uneven recoveries. After a downturn caused by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreaks and stringent public health measures in April and May, activity picked up in the third quarter as infections receded. Gross domestic product (GDP) expanded by 3.9 percent y/y in Q3, from 0.4 percent in Q2. High frequency indicators suggest another growth slowdown in the fourth quarter amid a return of high COVID-19 cases. Despite fiscal and monetary policy support, real GDP growth is expected to slow to 2.7 percent in 2022 - 1.6 percentage points lower than projected in the June China economic update. In 2023 growth is projected to recover to 4.3 percent but remain below the potential rate
    DOI: 10.1596/39522
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    Jordan Economic Monitor, Fall 2022 - Public Investment : Maximizing the Development Impact (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Debt Management ; Economic Growth ; Financial Economics ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Fiscal Developments ; Inflation ; Labor Market ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Monetary Policy ; Public Investment
    Abstract: Despite a challenging global environment, Jordan's growth exceeded expectations during the first half of 2022. Propelled by a strong rebound in international tourism, the full reopening of the economy, and improving exports, real GDP accelerated to 2.7 percent. However, the rebound in economic activity was only modestly reflected on labor market indicators with unemployment rates declining only gradually. Inflation has reached its highest level since 2018 but remains contained compared to regional peers, due to temporary fuel subsidies and a number of other price control measures introduced in 2022. Yet, the untargeted subsidy support came at a fiscal cost as fiscal consolidation adjustments have slowed down despite good tax performance. On the external front, elevated global commodity prices led to a significant rise in Jordan's import bill, outpacing the effect of the increased merchandise exports and tourism. Moreover, capital and financial inflows did not keep up with the widening current account deficit, resulting in a widening of the balance of payment deficit and a drawdown in foreign exchange reserves. Nonetheless, due to its substantial reserve buffers, the Central Bank's gross foreign reserves remained at an adequate level, while Jordan continues to retain investors' confidence and access to foreign financial markets. Jordan's economic recovery in 2022 is expected to be driven by a full rebound of the services sector, helped by the full reopening of the economy and a strong rebound in tourism. However, highly volatile global fuel and food prices are impacting both domestic consumption and the trade balance. Risks surrounding Jordan's outlook include a looming global economic downturn, prolongation of the global food and energy crisis, and the impact of higher borrowing costs and widening losses from state-owned water and electricity sectors on debt dynamics. The Special Focus highlights the role of public investment as a driver of growth, with a particular focus on its recent trends, as well as its efficiency and effectiveness. This is particularly relevant given Jordan's constrained fiscal envelope. Public investment spending has been suffering from a steady decline during the past two decades to meet the fiscal consolidation targets, consistent under-execution, large dependency on external aid and lack of budget for operation and maintenance cost. Its efficiency can be maximized by having in place financially realistic long-term strategic planning, transparent project selection and an adoption of a medium-term perspective. Purposefully integrating climate concerns in public investments would also advance the country's achievement of its climate targets
    DOI: 10.1596/38510
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    Uzbekistan Public Expenditure Review, December 2022 : Better Value for Money in Human Capital and Water Infrastructure (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Public Expenditure Review
    Keywords: Fiscal Space ; Human Capital ; Infrastructure Economics ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Water Economics ; Water Infrastructure ; Water Resources ; Water Supply and Sanitation
    Abstract: This second public expenditure review (PER) examines the effectiveness of government spending in Uzbekistan, with a particular focus on education, health, social protection, and water resources management. Fiscal policy and transparency reforms implemented recently in Uzbekistan have supported strong economic management through the reforms and helped realign public spending to new priorities emerging from Uzbekistan's ambitious transformation. Improvements in fiscal policy and public financial management have played an important role in creating a stable macroeconomic environment for reforms to continue. The focus of public finance reforms over the past few years has been to strengthen aggregate fiscal control, management, and oversight. After years of fiscal policy reforms in 2017-21, shifting sectoral focus on delivering better public services to more citizens is timely and much needed. There are significantopportunities to improve the quality of public services by making public spending at the sector level more effective, financially sustainable, and efficient. The emphasis of the government's reforms is now shifting toward improving public spending effectiveness and service quality at the sector level. This PER looks at several of the most critical services that citizens largely depend on the government for: health, education, social protection, and water
    DOI: 10.1596/39518
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    2022 Investment Policy and Regulatory Review - India (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Investment Climate Assessment
    Keywords: Digital Economy ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Governance ; International Economics and Trade ; Investment Lifecycle ; Legal Framework
    Abstract: This Investment Policy and Regulatory Review (IPRR) presents information on the legal and regulatory frameworks governing foreign direct investment (FDI) in India. Since legal and regulatory frameworks are constantly evolving, a cut-off date was set for the research. This country review therefore covers information available as of December 31, 2021, unless otherwise indicated in the review. This IPRR is organized as follows: Section 2 provides an overview of the country's investment policy framework, including the legal instruments regulating foreign investment, key institutions involved in investment promotion, as well as the country's foreign investment promotion strategy; it also delineates the country's international investment legal framework, including the country's commitments under the World Trade Organization (WTO) and select international investment agreements (IIAs); Sections 3-6 cover the country's policies and domestic legal framework concerning different dimensions of the lifecycle of an investment: entry and establishment (Section 3), protection (4), incentives (5) and linkages (6); Sections 7-8 explore emerging investment policy and regulatory areas - Section 7 considers outward FDI, Section 8 responsible investment; Section 9 focuses on city-specific investment policy and regulatory measures in the largest commercial center; and Section 10 focuses on FDI in the digital economy
    DOI: 10.1596/38526
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    South Asia Second Regional Gender Action Plan (RGAP) II, 2023-2028 (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Women in Development and Gender Study
    Keywords: Childcare ; Digital Technology Gap ; Economic Inclusion ; Gender and Development ; Gender and Economic Policy ; Gender and Law ; Violence Prevention ; Women's Empowerment ; Women's Land Rights
    Abstract: The focus and approach of South Asia Second Regional Gender Action Plan (SAR RGAP) are based on an analysis of regional trends in key gender outcomes in South Asia, an assessment of SAR RGAP, and an extensive set of consultations, including country-level consultations conducted across the WBG. Implementation of SAR RGAP will take place in the context of the WBG's broader strategy for gender and the latest International Development Association (IDA) commitments. The World Bank Group Gender Strategy prioritizes four domains of gender equality: (a) improving human endowments, (b) more and better jobs for men and women, (c) women's access to productive assets, and (d) improving women's voice and agency and engaging men and boys (WBG 2015). An update of the Gender Strategy is currently under preparation, with completion expected in 2024. SAR RGAP aligns with this broader strategy but is also selective and therefore focuses on the most pressing gender gaps in the region. SAR RGAP also follows the December 2021 IDA replenishment, aligning with all eight of its policy commitments for gender: (i) investing in women's empowerment, (ii) scaling up productive economic inclusion, (iii) expanding childcare, (iv) supporting medium, and high-skilled employment opportunities for women, (v) closing the gap in digital technology, (vi) strengthening women's land rights, (vii) increasing support for prevention of and response to GBV, and (viii) implementing fiscal policy and budget systems to close gender gaps
    DOI: 10.1596/39552
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    Philippine Jobs Report : Shaping a Better Future for the Filipino Workforce (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Attracting Business Investment ; Business Environment ; Employment Policy ; Job Generation and Creation ; Jobs Policy ; Labor and Employment Law ; Labor Market Regulations ; Law and Development ; Private Sector Development ; Remittances ; Rural Development ; Rural Labor Markets ; Skills Development and Labor Force Training ; Social Protections and Labor
    Abstract: Shaping a Better Future for the Filipino Workforce aims to inform jobs policy by examining key determinants and outcomes of jobs. Jobs are created when the macroeconomic environment is conducive and policies are predictable to businesses with sustained growth, trades, and investments. At the same time, a large body of literature also shows that economic growth alone is not sufficient for generating jobs. Jobs are created when firms pursue expansion through innovation and competitiveness and demand for more labor input, while workers' skills and human capital are able to meet the needs of firms. Intrahousehold resource allocation and decisions for labor supply also affect the jobs outcomes. It is not uncommon that workers as self-employed create jobs by initiating their own business. The market clearing process of labor is then affected by labor market institutions, most notably labor market regulations and labor policies and programs. These are key determinants of how easy it is to start a business or to hire a worker, how high labor costs are, and how efficiently firms and workers are matched. Part I looks into the country's labor market in chronological order, while Part II discusses three major areas of Philippine jobs - labor regulation, international migration, and emerging demands for green and digital jobs
    DOI: 10.1596/39600
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    Honduras : Country Climate and Development Report (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Environmental Analysis
    Keywords: CCDR ; Climate Change Governance ; Environment, Climate Change and Environment ; Environmental Governance, Climate Change ; Environmental Studies
    Abstract: Honduras is highly vulnerable to extreme natural hazards, which are expected to increase because of climate change. These will have significant consequences for all of Honduran society, affecting important economic sectors and threatening food and water security and human health. The impacts of climate change are expected to disproportionately affect the poorest and most vulnerable, such as indigenous peoples and afro‑descendants (IPADs) and women. These impacts will likely compound existing challenges such as migration, internal displacement, and land conflicts and insecurity. Even though Honduras's contribution to global emissions is significantly low, the country has opportunities to pursue low‑carbon development that will create co‑benefits and foster synergies with climate change adaptation, particularly in the agriculture, water, forestry, energy, and transport sector. This CCDR recommends focusing on a parallel approach of a) cross‑sectoral recommendations in the short term that allow for the creation of an enabling environment for sectoral recommendations in the long term and long term, while b) accelerating policy reforms and investments through a phased approach for priority sectors. This phased approach to sectoral action would help the country gradually enhance ambition while also harnessing the enhanced institutional capacities and increased enabling environment
    DOI: 10.1596/39820
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    Tools and Resources for Nature-Based Tourism : Second Edition (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Keywords: Biodiversity Conservation ; Jobs and Growth ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth, Nature-Based Tourism ; Poverty Alleviation ; Sustainable Development
    Abstract: Nature-based tourism (NBT) plays an important role in sustainable development. It can support poverty alleviation, economic growth, and biodiversity conservation and contribute to key global agreements and frameworks, including the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. NBT's singular potential to create jobs and growth, while protecting wildlife and ecosystems, makes it an enticing prospect for developing countries seeking to align those interests. The World Bank commissioned a comprehensive review of the tools and knowledge resources that could be used by practitioners in the field of NBT, to prepare and implement projects that promote sustainable NBT practices and policies. Impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic have reverberated across the tourism sector since first publication of this report in July 2020. Those working in nature-based tourism, from tour operators to community organizations to protected area authorities, have faced particular challenges - and opportunities - as tourism revenues plummeted and slowly rebound. This second edition in 2022 aims to collect and share the many resources that have emerged to support nature-based tourism destinations and stakeholders to recover and reset in the face of the pandemic, including a new chapter on COVID-19 resources
    DOI: 10.1596/39848
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    PPP Project Screening and Analytics Tool (PSAT 2.0) User Guide (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Customization ; Finance and Financial Sector Development, Finance and Development, Public-Private Partnerships ; Pipeline Analytics ; PPP ; Project Information ; Scoring Methodology
    Abstract: Lack of fiscal space and the quest for better efficiency in projects and programs have led to increasing interest in public-private partnerships (PPPs) globally. PPPs are more complex than similar publicly procured projects and require upfront project development expenses that could be significant. Therefore, public entities seek to understand as much as possible about each project before undertaking expensive studies, project structuring, and procurement, which brings to the fore the need for good upstream project selection techniques and methodologies. A review of early-stage PPP screening practices in various countries indicates that a mix of drivers determines PPP project success, often making it difficult for policy makers and practitioners to understand and select projects for further development as PPPs. Complete reliance on quantitative criteria has not worked well, with the result that in the past few years, countries have been opting to combine these with qualitative aspects. Often, screening methodologies have been created based on a country's policy drivers and areas of focus. Although countries follow different methodologies for screening projects, there are certain common principles used by all. The PPP Project Screening and Analytics Tool (PSAT, or Tool) 2.0 is a Microsoft Excel Visual Basic-based decision-making tool that can be used by countries for the screening and prioritizing of climate resilient PPP projects. The Tool was developed by the Infrastructure Finance, Public-Private Partnerships and Guarantees global practice (IPG) at the World Bank. In 2023 climate change parameters were integrated into the tool and this user manual was updated accordingly. This document is a detailed guide that provides step-by-step instructions on the use of the PSAT 2.0. The User Guide also delves into the mechanics of the PSAT 2.0 and guides the user to customize the Tool to cater to specific requirements
    DOI: 10.1596/39854
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    Connecting the Greater Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica : Urbanization Review of the South Corridor (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Poverty Study
    Keywords: Central America ; Housing ; Mobility ; Municipal Finance ; Regional Urban Development, Urban Areas ; Urban Development, National Urban Development Policies and Strategies ; Urban Planning
    Abstract: This urbanization review "Connecting the Greater Metropolitan Area of Costa Rica" focuses on the South Corridor, a lagging (sub)region within Costa Rica's Greater Metropolitan Area (Gran Area Metropolitana, GAM), and the challenges facing the subregion as a result of rapid and unplanned urbanization, including housing, mobility, planning and municipal finance. The aim is to provide a framework for thinking about possible solutions to these challenges, with a view to improving the living conditions of its residents, connecting them to opportunities in the capital city, and addressing barriers to achieving sustainable development. As the analysis focuses on the different dimensions that constitute processes of rapid urbanization and how to manage them, the findings may be relevant for other urban centers and municipalities that may face a similar set of challenges as the South Corridor does
    DOI: 10.1596/39829
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    Maldives Development Update, April 2023 : Navigating a Tight Line (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Economic Growth ; Economic Outlook ; Fiscal Deficit ; Inflation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector Lending ; Public DEBT
    Abstract: The economy has recovered to pre-pandemic levels and, with rising tourist arrivals, is expected to maintain a strong growth and poverty reduction trajectory over the medium term. Commodity price volatility is driving inflation and exerting pressure on fiscal and external balances, through costlier imports and higher subsidies. Despite recent improvements, public debt is expected to remain high, warranting continued efforts to reduce fiscal deficits, including comprehensive subsidy reforms while mitigating impacts on the vulnerable
    DOI: 10.1596/39627
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    A Blue Transformation for Pacific Maritime Transport : Overarching Regional Transport (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Infrastructure Study
    Keywords: Blue Transformation ; Gateway Ports ; International Shipping ; Natural Disasters and Climate Resilience ; Sector Governance and Institutions ; Transport, Maritime Transport
    Abstract: This report has eight chapters. Following the introduction (Pacific Peoples and the Sea), the next six chapters each focus on a separate significant component of Pacific maritime transport, analyzing the major influences and challenges, and, where relevant, key areas for future attention. The topics are: international shipping, gateway ports, domestic maritime transport, four related sectors, cruise ship tourism, tuna fisheries, fossil fuel imports, and bulk shipping, natural disasters and climate resilience, and sector governance and institutions. The final chapter, transforming pacific maritime transport, ways forward, distils the report's findings into the most significant and far-reaching opportunities to transform maritime transport in the Pacific. These are grouped into three broad themes, infrastructure, services, and governance and capacity building. Ways Forward comes at the end and, for readers unable to view the whole report, is a good place to begin. The rest of this executive summary explains why the Pacific is a special case for investment and provides a summary of the main chapters and findings. But first, it describes which Pacific Island countries contributed to the study
    DOI: 10.1596/39852
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    Uganda Poverty Assessment Overview : Strengthening Resilience to Accelerate Poverty Reduction in Uganda (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Poverty Assessment
    Keywords: Education ; Inequality ; Limited Safety Nets ; Poverty Assessment ; Poverty Monitoring and Analysis, Poverty ; Poverty Reduction, Inequality ; Rural Households ; Telecommunications Sector
    Abstract: The share of Uganda's population that lives below the poverty line has fluctuated over the last seven years, greatly influenced by shocks that have tested the resilience of the people. The COVID-19 pandemic pushed both urban and rural residents into poverty. Inequality, which reflects the extent to which different population groups benefit from Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, and affects the transmission of growth into poverty reduction, remained largely unchanged over this period and may even have worsened in urban areas. The findings of this report show that previously identified patterns and drivers of Uganda's poverty changes persisted well into 2020 - shaped by low productivity and high vulnerability. Identified inequality of economic opportunities and unequal accumulation of the human capital could hold back structural change in employment. Accelerating poverty reduction in such a setting requires a two-pronged strategy. While at the macroeconomic level, policies addressing growth fundamentals are important for reducing poverty, from a microeconomic perspective, the report's analysis shows that two strategies will be crucial. The first strategy is to lift the productivity and incomes of poor households in both rural and urban areas. While tackling agricultural productivity and job creation are at the top of the agenda here, making mobile phone services more widely accessible and affordable is a potential opportunity. The second strategy is to strengthen people's resilience to shocks, particularly in rural areas. To have an impact, policies in both these areas will have to address the inequality in opportunities analyzed in the report. This document provides an overview of key report findings and identifies priority actions
    DOI: 10.1596/39855
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    Middle East and North Africa Macro Poverty Outlook : Country-by-country Analysis and Projections for the Developing World, Annual Meetings 2023 (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: 2119
    Keywords: Debt Indicators ; Education ; Environment ; Fiscal Indicators ; GDP ; GHG ; Health Economics and Finance ; Health Insurance ; Health Monitoring and Evaluation ; Inflation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Indicators ; Poverty Reduction
    Abstract: This edition of the Macro Poverty Outlooks periodical contains country-by-country forecasts and overviews for GDP, fiscal, debt and poverty indicators for the developing countries of the Middle East and North Africa region. Macroeconomic indicators such as population, gross domestic product and gross domestic product per capita, and where available, other indicators such as primary school enrollment, life expectancy at birth, total greenhouse gas emissions and inflation, among others, are included for each country. In addition to the World Bank's most recent forecasts, key conditions and challenges, recent developments and outlook are briefly described for each country in the region
    DOI: 10.1596/40475
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    Strengthening Basic Education System and Improving Learning Outcomes in Tanzania : A World Bank Policy Note for Tanzania - Mainland (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: 11872
    Keywords: Access To Basic Education ; Education ; Education Governance ; Education Quality ; Free Education ; Gender and Development ; Gender and Law ; School Learning Environment ; Teacher Quality
    Abstract: The implementation of the fee-free basic education policy (FBEP) in Tanzania since 2015 has led to consistent growth in the education sector. However, the rapidly increasing school-age population has been creating demands for additional resources and capacity that are often not met. Persistent challenges related to institutional governance and insufficient education spending toward core teaching and learning matters further hinder service delivery and result in inadequate learning outcomes. This note draws evidence from existing studies and available data, taking a holistic approach to assess the performance of the basic education system in Mainland Tanzania in the last decade. It describes the basic service delivery indicators but also goes beyond to analyze the underlying challenges in institutional governance and basic education financing. Recognizing that basic education can deliver fundamental literacy, numeracy, as well as socioemotional skills which are crucial building blocks for continued education and training, employment, and lifelong fulfillment for all Tanzanian citizens, the policy note highlights the following areas that require attention: equitable access; learning outcomes; quantity, quality, and management of teachers; school learning environment; the curriculum and language of instruction; national examinations and learning assessments; and governance and finance
    DOI: 10.1596/40468
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    Project SmartFi : Exploring AI/ML for FinTech News (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: 39954
    Keywords: AI ; Financial News ; Google Cloud ; ML ; Science and Technology Development ; SYNTASA ; Technology Innovation
    Abstract: The World Bank Finance and Technology Department, in collaboration with The World Bank Technology and Innovation Lab, partnered with Google Cloud and Syntasa Incorporated to learn how artificial intelligence and machine learning could enhance the news sourcing and sentiment of FinTech topics globally. This outcome report shares the key learnings and insights as a part of the exploration and development of a prototype
    DOI: 10.1596/40443
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    Unlocking the Potential of Women and Adolescent Girls in Madagascar - Challenges and Opportunities in Enhancing Girls' and Women's Agency : Cahier 4 (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: 2209
    Keywords: Child Marriage ; Fertility Decision Making ; Forced Marriage ; GBV Prevention ; Gender ; Gender and Economic Policy ; Gender and Law ; Gender-Based Violence (GBV) ; Human Rights ; Law and Development ; Limitations On Decision-Making ; Social Development ; Social Inclusion and Institutions
    Abstract: This thematic note is part of a broader mixed-method study on gender inequalities in Madagascar, which intends to illustrate the key gender gaps in the country and shed light on the unique challenges that young Malagasy women face in their educational, professional, and family trajectories. Due to the persistence of financial, social, and institutional barriers, Malagasy women and girls encounter significant disadvantages across all dimensions of well-being and are unable to access opportunities in an equal manner with men and boys in the country. They are largely constrained in their ability to accumulate human capital in education and health, and to participate in economic opportunities; and they face severe limitations in agency and decision-making, particularly with respect to family formation. Women and girls also appear to be disproportionally affected by the impacts of climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic, which further widen preexisting gender gaps and amplify vulnerability to poverty, violence, and discrimination. This thematic note provides in-depth analysis of the limitations that Malagasy women and girls encounter in respect to their agency and proposes several strategic lines of action to improve women's and girls' voice and decision-making and to eliminate all forms of GBV. This note is accompanied by the overview of all study findings and three thematic notes that present in-depth insights in the following key dimensions: education, health, and economic opportunities
    DOI: 10.1596/40431
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    The World Bank's Role in and Use of the Low-Income Country Debt Sustainability Framework : Independent Evaluation Group (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEG Independent Evaluations and Annual Reviews
    Keywords: Climate Change Impact On Debt Growth ; Country Debt Capacity ; COVID-19 Pandemic Impact On Debt ; Debt Sustainability Framework ; Determining Debt Distress ; Economic Conditions and Volatility ; Economic Insecurity ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; IFC ; Inflation ; Low-Income Country Debt ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; MIGA ; World Bank Debt Data
    Abstract: This evaluation, requested by the Committee on Development Effectiveness of the Executive Board of the International Development Association (IDA), is intended to provide input and insight into the upcoming World Bank-International Monetary Fund (IMF) review of the Low-Income Country Debt Sustainability Framework (LICDSF) currently planned for fiscal year 2023. The sharp rise in debt stress among low-income countries and a changing global risk landscape leading up to and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic have pushed concerns with debt sustainability to the top of the global policy agenda. This evaluation assesses the World Bank's inputs into the LIC-DSF and how it uses LIC-DSF outputs to inform various corporate and country-level decisions. Main findings and recommendations include: (i) Expectations of the World Bank in taking the lead on long-term growth prospects should be clarified. (ii) Recently increased attention to debt data coverage should be sustained and extended; greater attention is needed to assess data quality. (iii) The DSA should be more directly and consistently used to inform priorities for the identification of fiscally oriented prior actions in development policy operations and SDFP performance and policy actions. (iv) The World Bank should continue to give increasing attention in the LIC-DSF to the long-term implications of climate change, in terms of both growth and fiscal requirements of adaptation and mitigation
    DOI: 10.1596/39774
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    Lebanon Economic Monitor : Spring 2023; The Normalization of Crisis Is No Road for Stabilization; Executive Summary (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Foreign Exchange ; GDP ; Growth Prospects ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Roads
    Abstract: Lebanon's long economic contraction continued in 2022, albeit at a slower pace than in previous years. The deceleration in economic contraction in 2022 is largely owed to a base effect (referred to as a technical deceleration in economic contraction). Following a cumulative four-year contraction of 37.2 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (2018-2021), real GDP is estimated to have declined by 2.6 percent in 2022. The BLOM-PMI index (purchasing manager's index), which captures private sector activity, slightly improved to 48.4 in 2022, up from an average of 46 percent in 2021 but nonetheless still representing a contraction of activity (less than 50). A positive development is the growth in tourist arrivals (by 57 percent, 8M-2022). Nonetheless, the widening current account deficit, a long structural imbalance, continue to weigh down on growth prospects. The overall fiscal balance is estimated to have recorded a narrow surplus of 0.3 percent of GDP in 2022, down from 1 percent of GDP 2021. Revenues are estimated to have declined from an already low 13.1 percent of GDP in 2020 to 6.0 percent of GDP in 2022, one of the lowest rates globally. This was more than offset by a larger decrease in total expenditures, which declined from 16.4 percent of GDP in 2020 to a record low of 5.7 percent of GDP in 2022, pointing to a massive hollowing out of the state amid an unprecedented crisis. Testament to the lack of economic stabilization, the Lebanese Pound (LBP) continues to depreciate sharply. By February 2023, the currency lost more than 98 percent of its pre-crisis value. Despite the central bank (Banque du Liban's) (BdL)'s foreign exchange (FX) interventions to attempt to stabilize the BNR (i.e., the banknote rate/parallel market) using its gross reserves starting in December 2021, the BNR averaged 31,102 LBP/USD in 2022
    DOI: 10.1596/39814
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    Management, Retrieval and Recycling of End-of-Life and Abandoned, Lost and Discarded Fishing Gear : The Evidence Base from Capture Fisheries (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Keywords: Coastal and Marine Environment ; Coastal and Marine Resources ; Coastal Waste Management ; Environment ; Fishery Waste Management ; Fishing Gear Waste Management ; Fishng Gear Recycling ; Marine Plastic Pollution ; Plastic Environmental Impact ; Waste Disposal and Utilization ; Water Resources ; Water Supply and Sanitation
    Abstract: The Government of Indonesia's (GoI) National Plan of Action on Marine Plastic Debris (NPOA-MPD 2017-2025) outlines the ambitious objective to reduce marine plastic debris by seventy percent by 2025. Abandoned, Lost and Discarded Fishing Gear (ALDFG) is considered to be a major component of sea-based sources of marine debris. ALDFG has increased in recent decades due to the expansion of fishing effort and greater use of synthetic fishing gear materials. Drivers of ALDFG generation include gear characteristics, fishery management frameworks and socioeconomic factors. The impacts of ALDFG on the environment, economy, livelihoods and food security are significant. ALDFG management and mitigation strategies have the potential to contribute to Indonesia's marine plastic debris while also providing economic opportunities. This study aims to enhance the evidence available to support efforts to improve the management, retrieval and recycling of End-of-life fishing gear (EOLFG) and ALDFG in Indonesia
    DOI: 10.1596/39804
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 198
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    Western Balkans Regular Economic Report No.23, Spring 2023 : Testing Resilience (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Economic Forecasting ; Economic Growth ; Energy Crisis ; Energy Markets ; Environmental Fiscal Measures ; Food and Energy Prices ; Inflation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Western Balkans
    Abstract: The six countries of the Western Balkans have seen their resilience tested over the last three years. Growth in the Western Balkan economies started strong in early 2022, before moderating toward year-end, but the impact of major shocks, such as electricity and heating outages, has been less severe than expected. Inflation surged to a two-decade high in 2022 in almost all economies, and price pressures remain elevated in early 2023. Higher food and energy prices have affected low-income households especially severely, resulting in a much slower pace of poverty reduction in 2022 despite universal government support. In the medium term, the Western Balkans continues to have a positive outlook, but reforms are needed to rebuild buffers, accelerate the green transition, and to address key structural challenges. The ongoing energy crisis has highlighted the need to accelerate the green transition across Europe, including in the Western Balkans. A key starting point in this regard is to accelerate the move toward carbon pricing and to increase the use of environmental fiscal measures that incentivize households and firms to shift toward lower carbon intensity with respect to economic activity
    DOI: 10.1596/39890
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 199
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    Catchment Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessment (CRVA) for Lesotho roads : Development of Vulnerability Assessment Tool for Lesotho Roads and Vulnerability Assessment of Selected Catchment Areas (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
    Keywords: Adaptation To Climate Change ; Catchment Climate Risk ; Environment ; Rehabilitation Projects ; Roads ; Vulnerability Assessment
    Abstract: The Kingdom of Lesotho is a landlocked country in southern Africa. Large pockets of the population reside along the Senqu River Valley in the south-eastern reaches of the country, and some of the roads traverse this river to connect to the mountainous areas. Increasing temperatures and changing rainfall patterns due to climate change negatively impacts Lesotho's road network. Sustained land degradation, soil erosion, and increased demand on ecosystem services threatens infrastructure and the health of Lesotho's natural ecosystems, including wetlands. Climate change risk studies are often addressed through top-down approaches using climate projections and modelled impacts. However, a bottom-up approach is also required to focus on the recent past and present vulnerability. Whilst top-down and bottom-up approaches generate complementary insights into who and what is at risk, integrating their results is a much-needed step towards developing relevant information to address the needs of immediate adaptation decisions. The local-level risk assessment presented in this report is an example of a bottom-up approach to climate risk analysis that helps identify specific risks and opportunities for adaptation. The national level climate risk and vulnerability assessment presented in the national level risk assessment report complements the local-level climate risk and vulnerability assessment
    DOI: 10.1596/39862
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 200
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    RWI Phase 3 Report on Regulatory Trends (2023)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Digital Economy ; Digital Infrastructure ; ICT Legal and Regulatory Framework ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Policies ; Regulatory Watch Initiative
    Abstract: The Regulatory Watch Initiative (RWI) is designed as a supplementary tool to aid national administrations in contemplating, analyzing, and drafting policies, laws, and regulations. It can also provide insight on comparative measures to spur Digital Economy growth by informing decision-makers about gaps, trends, and best practices for developing a fully enabling environment and to support the adoption of digital infrastructure for integrated and balanced economic and social development
    DOI: 10.1596/40073
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
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