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  • Online Resource  (3,377)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Unlocking Floating Solar Photovoltaics Potential in India (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Energy Study
    Keywords: Anchoring and Mooring ; Energy ; Energy Resources Development ; Energy Yield ; Environment ; Environment and Energy Efficiency ; Floating Solar Photovoltaics ; FSPV Ecosystem ; HSE ; Inverter ; Power Plants ; Anchoring And Mooring ; Energy Yield ; Floating Solar Photovoltaics ; Fspv Ecosystem ; Hse ; Inverter ; Power Plants
    Abstract: This report builds a compelling case for India to look beyond land and institute an ecosystem that supports the installation and operationalization of floating solar photovoltaics (FSPV) power plants. Since these plants are installed on the underutilized surfaces of large water bodies, no land needs to be diverted from other uses. The installation of FSPVs also spurs job creation and catalyzes the development of a domestic value chain as some of the components, such as floaters, need to bemanufactured close to installation sites. They also provide a range of other benefits as they generate relatively more power than ground-mounted solar plants (due to the cooling effect of water) and better utilize shared infrastructure such as transmission systems, wherever available
    DOI: 10.1596/40817
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    International Debt Report 2023 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464820328 , 9781464820335
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 pages)
    Series Statement: International Debt Report
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Bonds ; Creditor ; Data ; Debt ; Debtor ; Developing ; Development ; Economic ; FDI ; Finance ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Government ; Interest Payments ; Interest Rates ; Loans ; Maturity ; Principal ; Private Sector ; Public Sector ; Statistics ; Bonds ; Debt ; Flows ; Foreign Direct Investment ; Government ; Interest Payments ; Loans ; Maturity ; Private Sector ; Public Sector
    Abstract: The International Debt Report (IDR) is a longstanding annual publication of the World Bank featuring external debt statistics and analysis for the 122 countries that report to the World Bank Debtor Reporting System. IDR 2023 is the 50th annual edition and includes (1) analyses of external debt stocks and flows as of end-2022 for these countries; (2) the macroeconomic and debt outlook for 2023 and beyond; (3) a focus on improved public debt transparency and the quality of debt reporting; (4) a discussion of the need for innovative approaches to debt management; (5) a commentary on how the International Debt Statistics database serves as an indispensable resource for researchers and policy makers; and (6) a one-page snapshot of relevant debt indicators and summary of debt stocks and flows for six years (2010 and 2018-22) for each country, plus global income group and regional aggregates. Unique in its coverage of the important trends and issues fundamental to the financing of low- and middle-income countries, IDR 2023 is an indispensable resource for governments, economists, investors, financial consultants, academics, bankers, and the entire development community. For more information on IDR 2023 and related products, please visit the World Bank's Debt Statistics website at www.worldbank.org/debtstatistics
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Yemen Poverty and Equity Assessment : Living in Dire Conditions (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Poverty Assessment
    Keywords: Access To Electricity ; Access To Water ; Education and Health ; Food Insecurity ; Poverty Assessment ; Poverty Reduction ; SDG 1 ; Access To Electricity ; Access To Water ; Education And Health ; Food Insecurity ; Poverty Reduction ; Sdg 1
    Abstract: This assessment overcomes these limitations to develop a holistic analysis of poverty in Yemen. It is possible to use data on key areas, such as food security and other forms of vulnerability, paired with rigorous analysis of key political economy developments since the outbreak of war, to tell the story of the country's evolving poverty context. To achieve this, the assessment triangulates across multiple data sources including phone surveys, face-to-face surveys in IRG-controlledareas, geospatial data such as the agricultural stress index, and qualitative interviews with select in-country respondents and subject matter experts. The assessment first examines data on food insecurity--a good stand-in for poverty figures in highly stressed contexts such as Yemen's--before examining available data on other dimensions of poverty
    DOI: 10.1596/41522
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Zimbabwe Gender Assessment (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Gender Assessment
    Keywords: Equality ; Gender ; Gender and Development ; Gender Monitoring and Evaluation ; Women ; Women's Empowerment ; Equality ; Gender ; Women ; Women's Empowerment
    Abstract: The aim of this report is to gather evidence that will identify priorities and actions by stakeholders towards positively influencing, up scaling and accelerating gender equality and women's empowerment in Zimbabwe. The report consolidates information on gender gaps and drivers of inequality in human endowments, economic opportunities, ownership and control of assets, and voice and agency. This includes identifying factors that deepen inequalities, and effectiveness of current policies and programming in narrowing gender disparities. The aim is to also identify promising and good practices that can potentially be replicated for greater impact, cascading to all areas in the country. The analysis guided by a conceptual framework that describes the ways households, markets, and institutions (both formal and informal), and their interactions all influence gender equality and economic development outcomes. Additionally, attention is paid to intersecting identities of women and men that affect their ability to access services and opportunities, including disability status, place of residence and other socio cultural and economic factors. The assessment draws on several data sources collected using mixed methods. Available quantitative and qualitative data sources form the basis of the assessment, including surveys, national and institutional reports and broader feminist and economic literature. Robust stakeholder consultations, including representatives from Government of Zimbabwe (GoZ), development partners, the United Nations (UN), Non- Governmental Organizations (NGOs), and communities grounded the analysis and provided insights into priority setting and forward-looking strategies
    DOI: 10.1596/41146
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Unleashing Rail Station Potential through Station Redevelopment (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Mobility and Transport Connectivity
    Keywords: BART ; Bot Concession ; Denver ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Italy ; Kuala Lumpur ; Madrid ; Melbourne ; PPP ; Private Participation in Infrastructure ; Railways ; San Francisco ; Tokyo ; Urban Development ; Bart ; Bot Concession ; Denver ; Italy ; Kuala Lumpur ; Madrid ; Melbourne ; Ppp ; Railways ; San Francisco ; Tokyo
    Abstract: Railways play an important role in the transportation systems of many developing countries. Railways stations are a key but often neglected part of this railway service. Many countries are considering railway station redevelopment to improve their rail service. They include many developing countries In this report, the term redevelopment refers to changes to existing stations (as opposed to new development). It encompasses refurbishment, renovation, or improvement to station buildings, platforms, and operational rail infrastructure and to the land in its surrounding areas. Much of this report will focus on the redevelopment of the railway station building itself, as this is often the first level of station redevelopment considered. While station redevelopment projects provide many benefits, they are complex to deliver and require a unique set of knowledge, skills, and know-how. This is particularly true when the railway intends to deliver a project through a public-private partnership (PPP) scheme. PPPs require appropriate institutional arrangement with financial and legal expertise to structure, procure, and implement PPP transactions successfully. The objective of this report is to provide railway authorities and policy makers with guidance and knowledge to help in design and implementation of railway station redevelopment projects, leading to more viable and successful projects
    DOI: 10.1596/40830
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Global Economic Prospects, January 2024 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464820175 , 9781464820182
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 pages)
    Series Statement: Global Economic Prospects
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Commodity Prices ; Debt Relief ; Emerging and Developing Economies ; Exchange Rates ; Fiscal Frameworks ; Food Price Volatility ; GDP Growth ; Inflation ; Interest Rates ; Macroeconomics ; Trade ; Emerging And Developing Economies ; Exchange Rates ; Gdp Growth ; Inflation ; Interest Rates ; Macroeconomics
    Abstract: Global Economic Prospects is a World Bank Group Flagship Report that examines global economic developments and prospects, with a special focus on emerging market and developing economies, on a semiannual basis (in January and June). Each edition includes analytical pieces on topical policy challenges faced by these economies
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bhutan : Public Expenditure Review (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Public Expenditure Review
    Keywords: Access and Equity in Basic Education ; Bhutan ; Domestic Revenue Administration ; Early Childhood Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal Policy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Public Expenditure Management ; Bhutan ; Domestic Revenue Administration ; Fiscal Policy ; Public Expenditure Management
    Abstract: Despite Bhutan's distinctive geographical and economic challenges, Bhutan has maintained a relatively high average real GDP growth rate of 8.8 percent over FY00-01-FY09-10, which is greater than the average of South Asian countries as well as low and middle-income economies. Bhutan's mountainous topography and dense network of rivers offer vast hydropower potential, which the country has been harnessing since the mid-1980s with the commissioning of the Chhukha Hydropower Project in 1986. However, due to a slower rate of growth of hydropower capacity, real GDP growth in Bhutan declined over the last decade, averaging only 3.5 percent, which was lower than the growth rates of regional peers and middle-income economies. Bhutan maintained a relatively strong fiscal position prior to COVID, but the situation has deteriorated recently. Bhutan's revenue to GDP ratio averaged at around 30 percent of GDP over FY10-11 and FY21-22, supported by revenue from hydropower projects and sizable external grants. However, revenue was on a declining trend that was further exacerbated by the onset of COVID-19. The pandemic necessitated an expansionary fiscal stance and led to delays in the commissioning of new hydropower projects. In the aftermath of the pandemic, despite a rapid phasing out of extraordinary outlays and containment in current expenditures, the government continued to provide fiscal support to boost economic activity by frontloading the 12th Five Year Plan (FYP) covering 2018-2023, resulting in a rise in capital expenditure. Consequently, the fiscal deficit widened from around 2 percent in FY18-19 to 6.7 percent of GDP in FY20-21 and further to 8.4 percent in FY21-22, the highest in over a decade. A Fiscal Sustainability Analysis (FSA) based on the MTMF assumptions indicates that fiscal consolidation is critical to ensure fiscal sustainability. The fiscal situation significantly worsens if capital expenditures are maintained at current levels of 18.1 percent of GDP rather than reducing them to 10.2 percent in the medium term as assumed in the MTMF. The fiscal outlook depends crucially on the commissioning dates of the hydropower projects. Bhutan needs to prepare for contingent scenarios and create fiscal buffers that could protect the country from negative shocks
    DOI: 10.1596/41400
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Global Labor Database User Manual : A Guide to Understanding, Using, and Interacting with the Global Labor Database (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: ICT Data and Statistics ; Industrial and Market Data and Reporting ; Industry ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Labor Indicators ; Labor Markets ; Open-Source ; Social Protections and Labor ; Survey ; Transparency ; Gld ; Labor Indicators ; Open-source ; Survey ; Transparency
    Abstract: The Global Labor Database (GLD) is part of the World Bank initiatives to harmonize labor force surveys and household surveys with a relevant labor module. Its mission is to create an open and transparent harmonization with sufficient background information to allow data analysts to use, alter, and expand the harmonization. In this sense, background information goes beyond code, questionnaires, and reports, and includes documenting survey details learned during harmonization which are not recorded elsewhere. An example of this documenting changes to the currency or the administrative divisions. The GLD aims to be an open-source database, meaning that as much information should be accessible to as many people as possible. It also strives to be transparent, making all steps that create the harmonization traceable, from raw data acquisition to harmonized variable coding. Hence, all steps of the harmonization process are documented and made available, including the survey documentation, code and notes that allow users to fully comprehend the survey design and the choices made in the harmonization. The availability of the codes and documentation enables users to customize and add variables not in the GLD harmonization. Most harmonization efforts provide users with a take it or leave it option, but the GLD's open and transparent approach allows users to trace and deviate from the standard harmonization at any point, giving them a head start regardless of where they wish to jump inches Finally, the GLD follows up and expands on the previous initiative to harmonized household surveys, the International Income Distribution Database (I2D2). The I2D2 was superseded by the Global Monitoring Database (GMD), which however focused on household budget surveys and did not harmonize labor force surveys. The GLD was created to remedy this gap in the survey type coverage and complement it, with a stronger focus on labor market information through an expanded dictionary and more rigorous validation of labor indicators
    DOI: 10.1596/41613
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    FY 2024 Chile Country Opinion Survey Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Opinion Surveys
    Keywords: Country Social Analysis ; Data-Driven City Management ; Governance ; Governance In Public Sector ; ICT Data and Statistics ; Information and Communication Technologies ; International Governmental Organizations ; Partnership For The Goals ; Public Sector Survey Design ; SDG 17 ; Country Social Analysis ; Data-driven City Management ; Governance In Public Sector ; Partnership For The Goals ; Public Sector Survey Design ; Sdg 17
    Abstract: The Country Opinion Survey in Chile assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Chile perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Chile on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Chile; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Chile; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Chile; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Chile
    DOI: 10.1596/41604
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Open Finance : The Korean Experience and Opportunities and Challenges for the East Asia and Pacific Region (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Keywords: Centralized Approach ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Innovation ; Interoperability ; Law ; Open Banking ; Phase-In Approach ; Science and Technology Development ; SDG 9 ; Technology Innovation ; Centralized Approach ; Innovation ; Interoperability ; Law ; Open Banking ; Phase-in Approach ; Sdg 9
    Abstract: The importance of data in the economy is exponentially growing. Although the amount of data generated and analyzed in the economy has always grown, the recent growth in data generation and the advancements of analytic technology are much faster than in the past. Open data, which grants the right to data portability to data subjects, is becoming a popular policy option to enhance the efficient use of data in society and reduce privacy costs. The financial industry is one of the leading sectors implementing the right to data portability through open banking and open finance initiatives. Open finance is a natural extension of open banking to sharing customer-permissioned data by financial institutions with third parties. The policy objectives for open finance vary by country. Financial innovation is among the first policy objectives. The Republic of Korea set innovation in financial services, especially in payments and settlements, as the policy objective of open banking. Another objective is competition through financial innovation and the emergence of neo financial institutions such as Fintechs and the big techs. Strengthening consumers' data-related rights has been a policy objective in many countries. Open finance in the Republic of Korea and General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union (EU) are notable examples. Finally, in some cases, enhancing consumer benefits, through financial innovation and the promotion of competition, has been set as a policy objective. Open banking and open finance will provide more opportunities and challenges to achieve those policy objectives than financial innovation in the past. First, open banking and open finance allow the consent-based sharing of a complete footprint of data rather than specific ones like delinquencies. This sharing results in a significant improvement in the quality and entirety of data sharing. Second, open banking and open finance enable third parties, often not financial companies, to build business models as marketing platforms, advisers, intermediaries, or agents for financial services
    DOI: 10.1596/41600
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  • 11
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    Online Resource
    Algeria Economic Update, Spring 2024 : Investing in Data for Diversified Growth (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Data Systems ; Economic Growth ; ICT Applications ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; SDG 8 ; SDG 9 ; Data Systems ; Economic Growth ; Industry, Innovation And Infrastructure ; Sdg 8 ; Sdg 9
    Abstract: Algeria's growth was robust in 2023, and inflation started to decelerate. GDP growth accelerated to 4.1 percent, supported by hydrocarbon sector growth, as natural gas production compensated for successive crude oil production quota cuts. Non-extractive GDP growth reached 3.7 percent as investment growth accelerated, supported by a marked recovery in public investment, and leading to a surge in imports. Private consumption remained dynamic, stimulated by growing public sector wages, and pulling sectors serving households. Inflation remained at 9.3 percent over 2023 but moderated to 5.0 percent year-on-year in the first quarter of 2024, amidst a sustained decline in fresh food prices, a strong dinar, and lower import prices. Continuing to strengthen data systems would support investment and public policymaking. In 2023 and 2024, digitalization efforts accelerated, as did efforts from the Bank of Algeria and ONS to strengthen their publications, with notably the first GDP rebasing. The alternative data sources used in this report, such as satellite data on crop development or nighttime lights, represent a useful complement to conventional economic and social statistics. Yet, improving the availability, granularity, and timeliness of official economic data, most notably relating to activity, investment, and the labor market, remains of utmost importance. Enhanced data systems would support the authorities' pivot towards performance-based budgeting and support evidence-based policymaking. They would also provide accurate and exhaustive economic data to researchers and analysts, potential domestic and international investors, alleviating economic uncertainty and fostering investment
    DOI: 10.1596/41591
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  • 12
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    Online Resource
    Digital Economy Diagnostic : Equatorial Guinea (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Infrastructure Study
    Keywords: Digital Economy Strategy ; Digital Finance ; Digitization ; E-Government ; Economic Growth Diagnostics ; Governance ; ICT Applications ; ICT Data and Statistics ; Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information Technology ; SDG 9 ; Digital Economy Strategy ; Digital Finance ; Digitization ; Economic Growth Diagnostics ; Industry, Innovation And Infrastructure ; Sdg 9
    Abstract: This report provides an assessment of Equatorial Guinea's digital economy, as part of the World Bank's Digital Economy for Africa (DE4A) initiative. Prepared to support the implementation of the Digital Transformation Strategy for Africa, approved by the African Union in February 2020, the World Bank's DE4A Initiative aims to help drive Africa's digital transformation and sets out a bold vision to ensure that every African individual, business and government is digitally enabled by 2030. The initiative leverages an integrated and foundation-based diagnostic framework to examine the development of the digital economy across Africa. Based on this framework, this assessment provides a comprehensive overview of the five DE4A foundational elements in Equatorial Guinea: digital infrastructure, digital public platforms, digital financial services, digital businesses and digital skills
    DOI: 10.1596/41585
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  • 13
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    Making Pension Savings Easy and Efficient for Informal Sector Workers : Learning from Kenya's Haba Haba Pilot (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Keywords: Decent Work and Economic Growth ; Employment and Unemployment ; Informal Dispute Resolution ; Informal Employment ; Informal Health Care Payments ; SDG 8 ; Social Funds and Pensions ; Social Protection and Growth ; Social Protections and Labor ; Decent Work And Economic Growth ; Informal Dispute Resolution ; Informal Employment ; Informal Health Care Payments ; Sdg 8 ; Social Protection And Growth
    Abstract: Haba Haba, which means "bit by bit" in Swahili, is a voluntary pension scheme in Kenya for workers in informal employment and promises to be a scheme through which they can slowly but surely save for their old age. The scheme, administered by the National Social Security Fund (NSSF) was launched as a pilot in 2019. Haba Haba allows for easy, anytime, anywhere savings by informal economy workers. Registration, contributions, and access can be handled via mobile phone by dialing USSD (Unstructured Supplementary Service Data) *303# or by contacting the NSSF via WhatsApp. The registration process only requires an individual's first and last names, and government identification (ID) number. Contributions can be paid in person at NSSF offices or through the mobile money platform M-Pesa
    DOI: 10.1596/41578
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  • 14
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    Lebanon Digital ID Use Cases (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Keywords: Authentication Services ; Digital Id ; Public Service ; Science and Technology Development ; SDG 9 ; Technology ; Technology Innovation ; Authentication Services ; Digital Id ; Public Service ; Sdg 9 ; Technology
    Abstract: This report summarizes the findings of a series of World Bank Digital Development missions from November 2022 to July 2023 to Lebanon focused on priority use cases for digital ID and authentication services. It outlines how digital identity, as part of a wider digital transformation program, could significantly improve the implementation and delivery of public services in Lebanon
    DOI: 10.1596/41565
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  • 15
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    Lebanon ID Diagnostic (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Keywords: Civil Registry ; Disaster Recovery ; Id Systems ; Id4D ; Science and Technology Development ; SDG 9 ; Technology Innovation ; Civil Registry ; Disaster Recovery ; Id Systems ; Id4d ; Sdg 9
    Abstract: This diagnostic provides an overview of the foundational identity ecosystem in Lebanon, which is composed of the civil registry and the national identification systems
    DOI: 10.1596/41564
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  • 16
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    A Case Study on Korea's R and D Tax Incentives : Principles, Practices, and Lessons for Developing Countries (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Keywords: Developing Countries ; Innovation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; RDTI ; Research and Development Tax Incentive ; Taxation and Subsidies ; Developing Countries ; Innovation ; Rdti ; Research And Development Tax Incentive
    Abstract: R and D tax incentives (RDTIs) are among the most popular instruments that governments in both developing and developed economies employ to induce private investment in research and development (R and D). RDTIs can influence a host of development drivers: the quantity and quality of innovation, the mobility of innovation activity and of researchers across regions and countries, the dynamism of firms, the quality of firms and researchers, and the high-level direction of research efforts. However, in developing countries, settling on the right design features of RDTIs continues to be an important challenge. This case study aims to identify some principles for adapting good international practices for designing RDTIs to the specific features and conditions prevailing in developing countries. It explores the existing evidence on the functioning and impacts of RDTI schemes in Korea and in Asian and Latin American countries comparable to Indonesia, the Philippines, and Viet Nam. Practitioners from those countries can take a closer look at RDTI schemes to frame a discussion about the composition of design and implementation features considering the international experience
    DOI: 10.1596/41543
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  • 17
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    Mongolia Economic Update, May 2024 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Affordable and Clean Energy ; Agriculture ; Coal and Lignite ; Coal Export ; Decent Work and Economic Growth ; Economic Forecasting ; Economic Growth ; Energy ; Inflation ; Livestock Losses ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Mining and Transportation ; SDG 7 ; SDG 8 ; Affordable And Clean Energy ; Coal Export ; Decent Work And Economic Growth ; Dzud ; Inflation ; Livestock Losses ; Mining And Transportation ; Sdg 7 ; Sdg 8
    Abstract: Mongolia's economy has recovered but the current economic expansion was largely driven by strong coal exports. Public and private consumption growth also supported the economy, spurred by rising household income and the 2023 supplementary budget. Despite increased public spending, the government's fiscal position improved in 2023, driven by higher mining revenues, resulting in a reduction in public debt. The medium-term growth outlook remains favorable, mainly supported by the mining industry. Higher coal exports also improved the external position. Looking ahead, economic growth is expected to slow to 4.8 percent in 2024 as coal exports decline from their peak in 2023 and the agriculture sector continues to be affected by harsh climate conditions. Fiscal expansion and rising household incomes are expected to elevate inflationary pressures in 2024
    DOI: 10.1596/41540
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  • 18
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    Pakistan Federal Public Expenditure Review 2023 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Public Expenditure Review
    Keywords: Debt Management ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Fiscal Deficit ; GDP ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; PER ; Public and Municipal Finance ; Debt Management ; Fiscal Deficit ; Gdp ; Per
    Abstract: This federal Public Expenditure Review (PER) analyzes the key drivers of Pakistan's fiscal deficits and explores how the Federal Government can regain fiscal and debt sustainability, in accordance with the fiscal rules set forth in the FRDLA 2005. The report builds upon previous studies, provides new and updated analysis, and suggests policy measures for fiscal consolidation that could bring the fiscal deficit to under 3.5 percent of GDP and public debt below 60 percent of GDP, as stipulated by the FRDLA 2005. This is the first PER report since 2010 and it is the first federal-level PER since the implementation of the 18th Constitutional Amendment and the 7th National Finance Commission (NFC) Award in 2010, which represented a major shift in the country's national fiscal architecture. While there have been three provincial PERs since 2010, there has not been a federal-level PER released since then, presenting a substantial knowledge gap
    DOI: 10.1596/41482
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  • 19
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    FY 2023 Uzbekistan Country Opinion Survey (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Opinion Surveys
    Keywords: Accountability ; Effectiveness ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Social Accountability ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Strategy ; Accountability ; Effectiveness ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Abstract: The Country Opinion Survey in Uzbekistan assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Uzbekistan perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Uzbekistan on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Uzbekistan; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Uzbekistan; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Uzbekistan; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Uzbekistan
    DOI: 10.1596/41147
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  • 20
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    The Gambia Economic Update, Spring 2024 : Jumpstarting Inclusive and Sustained Growth (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Adaptation To Climate Change ; Climate Action ; Climate Change Adaptation ; Decent Work and Economic Growth ; Economic Growth ; Environment ; Fiscal Aspects of Green Growth ; Inclusive Growth ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; SDG 13 ; SDG 8 ; Tourism ; Climate Action ; Climate Change Adaptation ; Decent Work And Economic Growth ; Fiscal Aspects Of Green Growth ; Inclusive Growth ; Sdg 13 ; Sdg 8 ; Tourism
    Abstract: Jumpstarting sustained and inclusive growth is the only way to improve the living conditions of the Gambians. Heightened global and regional uncertainties coupled with vulnerability climate shocks cloud the economic outlook, making efforts to improve the living conditions of the Gambians more challenging. The tightening of financing conditions has led to higher borrowing costs, exacerbating debt vulnerability although increased grants financing helped mitigate fiscal risks while supporting economic activity. The Gambia needs to maintain prudent macro-fiscal policies to build fiscal space, enhance its capacity to absorb shocks, especially in the context of the end of the debt deferral and overlapping external shocks. Fiscal consolidation efforts started in 2023 should be maintained with accelerated revenue collection measures and rationalization of public spending, while preserving much-needed public services provision, investment, and pro-poor spending. Structural issues such as reliance on low-value added tourism, limited private sector development, and low productivity continue to affect the Gambia growth potential, calling and new growth model to enable economic opportunities for all Gambians
    DOI: 10.1596/41611
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  • 21
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    Scaling Up Global Partnerships : The AFD Group and the World Bank Group (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Adaptation To Climate Change ; Affordable and Clean Energy ; Climate Action ; Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases ; Environment ; Governance ; Governance In Public Sector ; Greenhouse Gas Accounting ; Growth From Emerging Markets ; International Governmental Organizations ; No Poverty ; Partnership For The Goals ; Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ; Poverty Reduction ; Reduced Inequalities ; SDG 1 ; SDG 10 ; SDG 13 ; SDG 16 ; SDG 17 ; SDG 7 ; Affordable And Clean Energy ; Climate Action ; Governance In Public Sector ; Greenhouse Gas Accounting ; Growth From Emerging Markets ; No Poverty ; Partnership For The Goals ; Peace, Justice And Strong Institutions ; Reduced Inequalities ; Sdg 1 ; Sdg 10 ; Sdg 13 ; Sdg 16 ; Sdg 17 ; Sdg 7
    Abstract: This document recognizes and celebrates the partnership between the AFD Group and the World Bank Group (WBG), which is a model of international development cooperation. The partnership is now scaling up to tackle the most pressing challenges of our time: climate change, poverty, and inequality. By joining forces and aligning efforts, the two institutions are addressing socioeconomic progress, building stability and security in fragile settings, investing in health and education to strengthen countries' human capital, and taking a strong and resolute stand on the climate crisis. The document summarizes the partnership between AFD Group and the World Bank Group, then highlights examples of successful collaboration at various levels of engagement from global and thematic to country and project levels. It concludes with suggestions to replicate and scale up the partnership's success. The partnership was ahead of its time and now serves as an exemplary model. At a time when the international development community is emphasizing the importance of partnerships to maximize the use of limited official development assistance (ODA) funds and shared global knowledge, the partnership stands out with its successful record of accomplishment for more than a decade
    DOI: 10.1596/41556
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  • 22
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    Gender-Responsive Procurement in the Caribbean : A Path to Inclusivity and Resilience with a Spotlight on Emergency Procurement Considerations (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Gender ; Gender and Economics ; Gender and Law ; Gender Equality ; Gender Gaps ; Gender Monitoring and Evaluation ; Gender Responsive ; Procurement ; SDG 5 ; Gender Equality ; Gender Gaps ; Gender Responsive ; Procurement ; Sdg 5
    Abstract: This policy paper aims to harness the power of public procurement to promote gender equality in nine countries of the Caribbean region: Antigua and Barbuda, Belize, Commonwealth of Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines and Suriname. The paper sheds light on how gender- responsive procurement can help fill existing gender gaps and how it can support more inclusive national rehabilitation programs. Targeted procurement actions are devised for tackling gender disparities in these countries. It is expected that the paper will serve as a primary reference for capacity-building activities
    DOI: 10.1596/41541
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  • 23
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    Nepal Fiscal Federalism Update, May 2024 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Fiscal Federalism ; Fiscal Transfer System ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; NFFU ; Provincial Governments ; Public and Municipal Finance ; Fiscal Federalism ; Fiscal Transfer System ; Nffu ; Provincial Governments
    Abstract: The World Bank's Nepal Fiscal Federalism Update (NFFU) aims to report annually on the progress of fiscal federalism in Nepal and identify implementation gaps. This second update reviews the progress on fiscal federalism since the publication of the first report and provides an update on economic conditions across provinces and local governments
    DOI: 10.1596/41535
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  • 24
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    Mainstreaming Universal Accessibility in Senegal's Built Environment : Practical Guide Senegal (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Keywords: Disabilities ; Environment and Health ; Good Health and Well-Being ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Inequality ; Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ; Poverty Reduction ; Reduced Inequalities ; Saint-Louis Emergency Recovery and Resilience Project (SERRP) ; SDG 16 ; SDG 1O ; SDG 3 ; Social Development ; Social Inclusion ; Social Protections and Labor ; Urban Development ; Disabilities ; Good Health And Well-being ; Inequality ; Peace, Justice And Strong Institutions ; Reduced Inequalities ; Saint-louis Emergency Recovery And Resilience Project (serrp) ; Sdg 16 ; Sdg 1o ; Sdg 3 ; Social Development ; Social Inclusion ; Urban Development
    Abstract: Persons with disabilities are particularly vulnerable, as they suffer disproportionately from social and economic stigmatization and various forms of exclusion. Intensifying inequalities affect persons with disabilities, their caregivers and their families. Similarly, natural disasters and extreme climatic phenomena, aggravated by climate change, instability, and conflict, disproportionately affect the lives and livelihoods of persons with disabilities and worsen their living conditions. This practical guide aims to improve the consideration of universal accessibility (UA) in the built environment. The guide was developed within the framework of the Saint-Louis Emergency Recovery and Resilience Project (SERRP), financed by the World Bank, with technical assistance provided under the mainstreaming universal accessibility in the World Bank's urban operations initiative
    DOI: 10.1596/41528
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  • 25
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    Sustainability Review 2023 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Corporate Strategy, Scorecard, and Results Documents
    Keywords: Accountability ; Blue Economy ; Climate Change Action ; Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases ; Digital Divide ; Digital Strategy ; Diversity and Inclusion ; Environment ; Governance ; Information and Communication Technologies ; International Governmental Organizations ; Social Accountability ; Social Development ; Wildlife Conservation ; Youth Employment ; Accountability ; Blue Economy ; Climate Change Action ; Digital Strategy ; Diversity And Inclusion ; Wildlife Conservation ; Youth Employment
    Abstract: The 2023 Sustainability Review is a reflection of how the World Bank embodies its core values of impact, integrity, respect, teamwork, and innovation. The Review highlights World Bank activities undertaken in fiscal 2022 and 2023 to manage the environmental, social, and economic impacts of internal business operations. The review complements the World Bank Annual Report 2023 and the World Bank Global Reporting Index (GRI) 2023
    DOI: 10.1596/41150
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  • 26
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    The Landscape Governance Assessment Tool : A User's Guide for Assessing Governance of Forested Landscapes (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Economic Policy, Institutions and Governance ; Environment ; Environment and Natural Resource Management ; Landscape Management ; Public and Municipal Finance ; Public Sector Development ; Public Sector Management ; Environment And Natural Resource Management ; Landscape Management ; Public Sector Management
    Abstract: This guide presents the Landscape Governance Assessment Tool (LGAT) and the Decision Support System (DSS). It is intended for people addressing a variety of problems linked to forested landscapes, such as alleviating rural poverty, restoring degraded lands, meeting national climate commitments, or conserving biodiversity. The LGAT measures the strengths and weaknesses of governance in a forested landscape. Drawing on expert and stakeholder knowledge, the LGAT assesses the quality of governance and produces a summary rating, called the Landscape Governance Index (LGI). The tool can be used at many stages of a project, but it is primarily intended to provide an informed starting point for discussing and designing governance reforms. The DSS component creates a roadmap for reform by identifying priority areas, generating ideas for reform, and analyzing them to arrive at practical ways forward. Overall, the tool identifies reform pathways that have a good chance of making a difference in the landscape. The LGAT score demonstrates the need, while stakeholder and expert involvement in both the measurement and DSS steps shape and garner support for reforms. The DSS analysis screens the reforms to identify those likely to be practical and effective
    DOI: 10.1596/41391
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  • 27
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    Latin America and the Caribbean - Macro Poverty Outlook Country-by-Country Analysis and Projections for the Developing World : Spring Meetings 2024 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Poverty Study
    Keywords: Agribusiness ; Agricultural Knowledge and Information Systems ; Climate Change and Agriculture ; Macroeconomic Analysis of Economic Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty ; Poverty Measurement ; Poverty Reduction ; Macroeconomic Analysis Of Economic Development ; No Poverty ; Poverty ; Poverty Measurement
    Abstract: This edition of the Macro Poverty Outlooks periodical contains country-by-country forecasts and overviews for GDP, fiscal, debt and poverty indicators for the developing countries of the Latin America and the Caribbean region. Macroeconomic indicators such as population, gross domestic product and gross domestic product per capita, and where available, other indicators such as primary school enrollment, life expectancy at birth, total greenhouse gas emissions and inflation, among others, are included for each country. In addition to the World Bank's most recent forecasts, key conditions and challenges, recent developments and outlook are briefly described for each country in the region
    DOI: 10.1596/41382
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  • 28
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    SAFE : Gender-Based Violence Services for Women in Human Mobility in Central America - Synthesis Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Keywords: Communities and Human Settlements ; Forced Displacement ; GBV ; Gender ; Gender and Social Policy ; Gender Equality ; Gender Monitoring and Evaluation ; Gender-Based Violence ; Human Mobility ; Migration ; SDG 8 ; Social Protections and Labor ; Forced Displacement ; Gbv ; Gender ; Gender Equality ; Gender-based Violence ; Human Mobility ; Migration ; Sdg 8
    Abstract: The Survivor-centered Accessibility Framework Evaluation (SAFE), supported by the State and Peacebuilding Fund (SPF), comprehensively examines access barriers faced by women and girls in transit who are survivors of GBV across Central America. It focuses on the physical, social, legal, and institutional barriers they face during their displacement journey, and particularly centers on the transit experience, indistinctively of whether this transit is regular, irregular, voluntary, or forced. This report summarizes work conducted over two years and brings to light the multifarious barriers women and girls face in reporting and seeking GBV services in the region. To address these challenges, this work provides targeted interventions and policy recommendations that countries could implement to ensure effective and accessible GBV services for women and girls in transit, and to improve their safety and well-being during their journeys. SAFE provides countries with a regional public good and represents a significant step forward in understanding and addressing human mobility and GBV in Central America. For the first time, it introduces a continuous highly detailed map of migratory and forced displacement routes, offering an unprecedented level of resolution and insight which combines the best of satellite imagery with expert local knowledge. This mapping is part of an ambitious effort to systematize information, enhancing the comprehension of the complexities and dynamics of human mobility in the region. Recognizing human mobility and GBV as regional issues, SAFE underscores the need for regional solutions, involving cross-border collaboration and shared strategies. Importantly, this initiative documents the voices and views of women themselves. By incorporating their perspectives, the study sheds light on unique challenges and experiences faced by women in transit, ensuring that the solutions proposed are more inclusive and responsive to their needs. This work emphasizes collective responsibility and cooperation in addressing issues of human mobility, GBV, and development
    DOI: 10.1596/41554
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  • 29
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    Tunisia Economic Monitor, Spring 2024 : Renewed Energy to the Economy (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Affordable and Clean Energy ; Agriculture ; Dinar Stability ; Drought ; Economic Forecasting ; Economic Growth ; Energy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Power Transition ; Public Debt ; Renewable Energy ; SDG 7 ; Affordable And Clean Energy ; Agriculture ; Dinar Stability ; Drought ; Power Transition ; Public Debt ; Renewable Energy ; Sdg 7
    Abstract: Tunisia's already modest economic recovery almosthalted in 2023, amidst a severe drought, tight financingconditions and the modest pace of implementingreforms. With this slowdown, the Tunisian economy in2023 was still below its pre-Covid level, marking oneof the slowest recoveries in the Middle East and NorthAfrican region. Agriculture was the main driver of the2023 economic slowdown, declining by 11 percent asthe drought forced the government to introduce irrigationrestrictions. This highlights the urgency for Tunisiato adapt to climate change. The weak domesticdemand and the fiscal consolidation appear to haveadded to the drought-related losses, with the declinesin construction and commerce sectors offsetting someof the gains from export markets, particularly tourism. The growth slowdown-especially in labor-intensivesectors-translated into higher unemployment andlower labor force participation
    DOI: 10.1596/41532
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  • 30
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    Mainstreaming Universal Accessibility in Urban Infrastructure Projects in Yemen : Practical Guidelines for Yemen (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Keywords: Communities ; Disability ; Good Health and Well-Being ; Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure ; Inequality ; Infrastructure and Growth ; Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ; Poverty Reduction ; SDG 11 ; SDG 16 ; SDG 3 ; SDG 9 ; Social Protections and Labor ; Sustainable Cities ; Urban Development ; Urban Governance and City Systems ; Good Health And Well-being ; Industry, Innovation And Infrastructure ; Infrastructure And Growth ; Peace, Justice And Strong Institutions ; Sdg 11 ; Sdg 16 ; Sdg 3 ; Sdg 9 ; Sustainable Cities And Communities ; Urban Development ; Urban Governance And City Systems
    Abstract: People who experience some form of cognitive, intellectual, psychosocial, sensorial and or physical disabilities are particularly vulnerable to poverty and suffer disproportionately from social and economic stigma. The intensification of inequalities affects persons with disabilities, their caregivers, and communities. Conflicts, natural disasters and extreme climate events, aggravated by climate change, disproportionately put the lives and livelihoods of persons with disabilities at risk and deteriorate their living conditions. This guide aims to improve the way in which universal accessibility (UA) is considered in the built environment in Yemen. Ensuring the accessibility of basic infrastructure and services is the primary step towards enabling persons with disabilities to fully participate in society and to access economic, educational, and vocational opportunities. This guide provides practical instructions for applying UA principles at all stages of a construction and infrastructure investment project, starting with the planning and programming phase
    DOI: 10.1596/41526
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  • 31
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    Bhutan Healthcare Costing Analysis (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Health Sector Review
    Keywords: Good Health and Well-Being ; Health Benefits ; Health Care Budget Process ; Health Care Delivery Markets ; Health Care Equipment Finance ; Health Policy and Management ; Health Service Management and Delivery ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; SDG 3 ; Good Health And Well-being ; Health Benefits ; Health Care Budget Process ; Health Care Delivery Markets ; Health Care Equipment Finance ; Sdg 3
    Abstract: This report is the outcome of a costing study undertaken to obtain information about the costs of delivering health services at different administrative health care levels in Bhutan, to: Inform the Ministry of Health about the costs of delivering various types of services at different levels; -- Increase cost-awareness and knowledge about healthcare delivery costs among policy researchers and the general public; Support future evidence-based and informed policy decisions to increase efficiency of the Bhutanese health sector. The study reviewed healthcare costs and activities in 9 districts, covering a total of 12 facilities, including: the National Referral Hospital, the 2 Regional Referral Hospitals, 4 district hospitals, two 10- bedded hospitals and 3 primary health centers. The study made use of an easily replicable methodology to assess the cost of resources used to provide services covering the 2018/2019 financial year. The study also updates a similar study undertaken in 2011 for the 2009/2010 financial year. For the purposes of the study, a costing model was developed using internationally recognized methodologies that were adjusted to the Bhutanese health system
    DOI: 10.1596/41481
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  • 32
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    Lebanon Poverty and Equity Assessment 2024 : Weathering a Protracted Crisis (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Poverty Assessment
    Keywords: Decent Work and Economic Growth ; Inequality ; Labor Markets ; Living Standards ; No Poverty ; Poverty ; Poverty and Economic Crisis ; Poverty and Financial Crisis ; Poverty and Fiscal Crisis ; Poverty and Jobs Diagnostics ; Poverty and Social Impact Analysis ; Poverty Measurement and Analysis ; Poverty Reduction ; SDG 1 ; SDG 8 ; Social Protections and Labor ; Decent Work And Economic Growth ; No Poverty ; Poverty ; Poverty And Economic Crisis ; Poverty And Financial Crisis ; Poverty And Fiscal Crisis ; Poverty And Jobs Diagnostics ; Poverty And Social Impact Analysis ; Poverty Measurement And Analysis ; Sdg 1 ; Sdg 8
    Abstract: This report provides an assessment of the current state of poverty and inequality in Lebanon. It documents the impact of a protracted economic crisis on households, that is well into its fifth year, along with their responses and investigates how the crisis has potentially affected labor market dynamics in the country. The report aims to be a resource for policymakers, researchers, and organizations working to identify and address the multifaceted socioeconomic challenges in Lebanon
    DOI: 10.1596/41619
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  • 33
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    Papua New Guinea Economic Update, May 2024 : Invest in Your Children (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Children ; Economic Growth ; Education ; Effective Schools and Teachers ; Human Capital ; Knowledge for Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Quality Education ; SDG 4 ; Children ; Economic Growth ; Human Capital ; Png Eu ; Quality Education ; Sdg 4
    Abstract: The economy has recovered to pre-COVID level but remains below its pre-COVID trajectory. The COVID-19 crisis led to an economic contraction in 2020-21 before recovering by 5.2 percent in 2022. The recovery in the extractive sector was driven by significant improvement in international prices of key export commodities, although the shutdown of the Porgera gold mine limited the rebound. Growth is estimated to have slowed down to 2.7 percent in 2023, primarily attributed to reduced global demand and domestic supply constraints stemming from scheduled maintenance in extractive facilities. Growth is projected to accelerate in 2024, mostly due to reopening of the Porgera gold mine. The mine restarted operations in 2024Q1 and is expected to reach its normal levels of production by mid-year. Meanwhile, growth could have been even faster, but brief violence and looting in January 2024 put a toll on the economy. According to the Business Council, the loss to the economy was not only from physical losses of assets and property, but also in forgone business revenue, which could lower tax collections and reduce the appetite to invest. In addition, the dispute between authorities and main fuel importer led to disruptions in fuel provision to businesses and households, further slowing down economic activity. The medium-term growth is expected to settle at 3 percent. There are both upside and downside risks to the outlook. The baseline projection does not account for potential new resource mega-projects, like Papua LNG. Thus, the final investment decision and the initiation of construction present an upside risk to the outlook. Meanwhile, slower-than-expected economic growth could materialize through lower demand for PNG's exports, a more pronounced decline in commodity prices, and the impact of droughts and other climate-related events. Keeping up with the strengthened macroeconomic framework will help mitigate these risks
    DOI: 10.1596/41602
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    Tools for Making Smart Investments in Prevention and Preparedness in Europe : From Data to Decisions (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
    Keywords: Adaptation To Climate Change ; Climate Action ; Climate Change ; Climate Change Adaptation ; Climate Change Adaptation Impacts ; Climate Change Impacts ; Conflict and Development ; Disaster Management ; Disaster Preparedness ; Disaster Resilience ; Emergency Response ; Environment ; Hazard Risk Management ; Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Infrastructure Finance ; SDG 13 ; SDG 9 ; Urban Development ; Climate Action ; Climate Change ; Climate Change Adaptation ; Climate Change Adaptation Impacts ; Disaster Preparedness ; Disaster Resilience ; Emergency Response ; Industry, Innovation And Infrastructure ; Sdg 13 ; Sdg 9
    Abstract: Europe's risk profile and projected climate change impacts, concentration of population, and aging infrastructure and assets call for urgent action to improve resilience. While European countries are taking major steps in enhancing disaster and climate resilience, catastrophic events reveal blind spots in critical sectors that provide emergency response services. Recent disaster events revealed significant knowledge gaps and the need to better understand the risks faced by critical sectors and what actions countries can take to systematically, yet efficiently, mitigate and manage these risks. This report helps close some of these gaps by providing guidance to decision-makers and practitioners on how to make focused and smart investments to increase the disaster and climate resilience of critical sectors. First, to inform EU-wide policy discussion and knowledge base, it highlights hotspots where assets emergency response buildings such as fire stations and emergency coordination centers were destroyed or severely damaged, along with ambulances, fire trucks, and search and rescue vehicles. Focused and smart investments are needed to strengthen and adapt critical sectors in Europe to disaster and climate risks
    DOI: 10.1596/41595
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  • 35
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    Valuing Climate Adaptation Helps Us Orient Our Compass Toward Effective and Resilient Pathways : Climate Adaptation Costing in a Changing World (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
    Keywords: Adaptation To Climate Change ; Climate Action ; Climate Change ; Climate Change Adaptation ; Climate Change Adaptation Impacts ; Climate Change Impacts ; Disaster Preparedness ; Disaster Resilience ; Energy ; Energy Resources Development ; Environment ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Intermediation ; Natural Resources Management ; SDG 13 ; Climate Action ; Climate Change ; Climate Change Adaptation ; Climate Change Adaptation Impacts ; Disaster Preparedness ; Disaster Resilience ; Sdg 13
    Abstract: The impacts of climatic shocks are already being felt across Europe and are bound to intensify in line with further climate change. Even rapid and far-reaching progress on decarbonization cannot avoid the extent of climate change that is already locked in due to past emissions. These trends call for urgent climate adaptation investment strategies that can prepare countries for a wide range of climate hazards and their complex impacts across communities and economic sectors. However, formulating concrete investment strategies can be challenging as adaptation needs are vast and difficult to estimate. To overcome this challenge, this report reviews evidence-based prioritization and costing approaches and illustrates their application in a series of case studies. These approaches can support policy makers in identifying bankable and effective adaptation investments, raising and allocating adequate financing, and thus ultimately facilitating more effective climate change adaptation across Europe
    DOI: 10.1596/41594
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    Enhancing Climate-Smart Outcomes from Livestock Systems : A How-To Guide Following the Project Cycle (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Agriculture Study
    Keywords: Adaptation To Climate Change ; Agriculture ; Climate Action ; Climate Change ; Climate Change Adaptation ; Climate Change and Agriculture ; Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases ; Environment ; Livestock ; SDG 13 ; Climate Action ; Climate Change ; Climate Change Adaptation ; Livestock ; Sdg 13
    Abstract: The program on climate smart livestock (PCSL), jointly implemented by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), the German Agency for International Cooperation (GIZ), and the World Bank, aims to ensure that key actors in the livestock sector increasingly include climate-change adaptation and mitigation in their farming practices, sector strategies and investment projects. Building on lessons learned through the implementation of PCSL, the objectives of this guidance note are to: (1) enable project task teams from the World Bank and other institutions to enhance and track project contributions to climate-smart livestock outcomes; and (2) improve the capacity of project teams to leverage existing products and tools to support climate-smart livestock development. This guidance note can contribute to increasing the level of climate ambition (including through Paris Alignment) and to guiding investments from the World Bank and other International Financial Institutions (IFIs) towards more sustainable livestock portfolios. The note covers the three objectives of CSL: productivity enhancement, adaptation to climate change, and mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and other environmental impacts. Chapter 1 gives introduction. In chapter 2, each objective is described, and methodological elements are provided for assessing CSL performance, including relevant indicators. The next chapters provide guidance along the project cycle, starting with project preparation and then moving to implementation stage and evaluation. The annexes provide practical examples and templates to assist project teams in incorporating CSL into their practices
    DOI: 10.1596/41590
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  • 37
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    Toward a One Health Approach in Sudan : Understanding the Nexus of Climate Change, Land Use, Zoonotic Diseases, and Human Health (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Keywords: Communicable Diseases ; Environment and Health ; Environment and Natural Resource Management ; Good Health and Well-Being ; Health ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Infectious Diseases ; Labor Health and Safety Conditions ; SDG 3 ; Zoonotic Diseases ; Environment And Natural Resource Management ; Good Health And Well-being ; Health ; Infectious Diseases ; Labor Health And Safety Conditions ; Sdg 3 ; Zoonotic Diseases
    Abstract: The significance of this diagnostic work stems from the fact that it is the first of its kind to be carried out under the One Health perspective in Sudan. The study aligns with the World Bank's growing focus on One Health approach to preparing for and addressing zoonotic and emerging infectious diseases. It systematically draws attention to the links among the integrity of forests and rangelands, land and water management practices, and the ramifications for public health. Studies show that over 30 percent of new diseases that have been reported since 1960 can be attributed to land-use change, including deforestation. Zoonotic diseases, responsible for over 70 percent of emerging infections, pose global risks, as they transfer from animals to humans, impacting health, environment, livelihoods, economies, and sustainable development. Despite this, efforts to control them have been predominantly reactive. The study aims to assess Sudan's susceptibility to zoonotic diseases and related public health threats influenced by multiple drivers and propose ways to better respond to them in more concerted efforts through the lenses of sustainable land and water management practices. It also aims to fulfil the imperative of the World Bank's technical assistance and programmatic nonlending, activity support to projects. In order to achieve this, the study makes recommendations on how to improve implementation capability and maximize outcomes on the ground for other relevant project and program experiences in Sudan and other subregional nations
    DOI: 10.1596/41580
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  • 38
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    The Evolution, Practice and Impact of Participatory Budgeting in Kenya : The Kenya Accountable Devolution Program (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Budget Execution System ; Citizen Engagement ; Democratic Government ; Devolution ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Governance ; Local Government ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Participatory Government ; Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ; SDG 16 ; Transparency In Licensing ; Budget Execution System ; Citizen Engagement ; Devolution ; Participatory Government ; Peace, Justice And Strong Institutions ; Sdg 16 ; Transparency In Licensing
    Abstract: Citizen engagement is critical to achieving an effective devolution process. The success of devolution in delivering good quality services in Kenya is inextricably linked to the extent to which counties provide their citizens with adequate information on budgets and service delivery performance, empower them to participate and contribute to decision-making, and are held accountable. For a decade, counties in Kenya have been translating into action the legal principles on transparency, accountability, and public participation as enshrined in the Constitution of Kenya 2010. Although this has not been an easy task, counties have made notable progress, establishing systems, structures, processes, and practices for meaningful citizen engagement. One of the innovative practices adopted is participatory budgeting. With training and technical assistance from the World Bank through the Kenya Accountable Devolution Program (KADP), several counties have been implementing participatory budgeting since 2015 as an approach to achieving more inclusive and effective government
    DOI: 10.1596/41547
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    Climate Adaptation in Uzbekistan : Landscape Restoration Opportunities (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Adaptation To Climate Change ; Climate Action ; Climate Change Adaptation Impacts ; Climate Change Impacts ; Communities and Human Settlements ; Environment ; Land Administration ; Land and Housing Regulation ; Land Reform ; Land Registries ; Land Tenure ; Life on Land ; Natural Resources Management ; Private Sector Development ; SDG 13 ; SDG 15 ; Climate Action ; Climate Change Adaptation Impacts ; Land And Housing Regulation ; Land Reform ; Land Registries ; Land Tenure ; Life On Land ; Sdg 13 ; Sdg 15
    Abstract: Land use plays a pivotal role in Uzbekistan's development, and embracing sustainable agriculture offers a promising pathway to achieving middle-income status. This report aims to identify hotspots of land degradation and declining productivity along with areas of adaptation opportunity where landscape restoration can offset these trends under changing climate conditions. It also analyzes the costs of land degradation (cost of inaction) compared to investing in adaptation technologies (cost of action). The report recommends technological, institutional, and policy options to reduce natural capital degradation in the agriculture, forest, and water sectors
    DOI: 10.1596/41524
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  • 40
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    Turkiye at the Frontier : Human Capital Utilization, Jobs and Equity - Technical Diagnostic (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Keywords: Communicable Diseases ; Coronavirus ; Covid-19 ; Decent Work and Economic Growth ; Earthquake ; Economic Growth ; Employment and Unemployment ; Environment ; Gender ; Gender and Economic Empowerment ; Gender and Economics ; Gender Equality ; Good Health and Well-Being ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Capital Accumulation ; Human Capital and Growth ; Labor Force Participation ; Labor Markets ; Life on Land ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Natural Disasters ; No Poverty ; Poverty Diagnostics ; Poverty Reduction ; SDG 1 ; SDG 15 ; SDG 3 ; SDG 5 ; SDG 8 ; Social Protections and Labor ; Coronavirus (covid-19) ; Decent Work And Economic Growth ; Earthquake ; Gender And Economic Empowerment ; Gender Equality ; Good Health And Well-being ; Human Capital Accumulation ; Human Capital And Growth ; Labor Force Participation ; Life On Land ; No Poverty ; Sdg 1 ; Sdg 15 ; Sdg 3 ; Sdg 5 ; Sdg 8
    Abstract: Turkiye's early human capital foundations have paved the way for poverty reduction and labor force participation, today facing new multi-dimensional challenges. Turkiye's investments have historically helped diversify and increase aggregate growth, propelling it to upper middle-income status. Yet relative to overall growth more recently, human capital utilization in terms of jobs has not necessarily kept pace. Over half the population remains either out of the labor force or employed in informal, relatively low-paying jobs, most of whom have been women. Economic vulnerabilities remain following the Coronavirus pandemic (COVID) and the 2023 earthquakes in southeastern Turkiye, compounded by long-term effects of global financial crises and regional conflicts since 2008. Helping vulnerable workers, largely comprising women, adapt to a changing labor market will be needed to sustain a broad, productive workforce for future broad-based growth. As Turkiye embarks on its forthcoming Twelfth Five-Year National Development Plan, a diagnostic of human capital and jobs programs and policies in terms of gender equity is timely for informing future needs. In addition, a review of Turkiye's experience will equally help provide global knowledge for other countries facing similar challenges. This note aims to assess human capital utilization in terms of inclusive jobs and gender equity in Turkiye towards broadening economic resilience following shocks
    DOI: 10.1596/41520
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    Lao People's Democratic Republic Economic Monitor, April 2024 : Accelerating Reforms for Growth - Thematic Section: Education for Growth and Development (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: General Economy, Macroeconomics, and Growth Study
    Keywords: Communicable Diseases ; Covid-19 ; Decent Work and Economic Growth ; Economic Growth ; Good Health and Well-Being ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Industry ; Macro Shocks ; Macroeconomic Analysis Of Economic Development ; Macroeconomic Stability and Growth ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; SDG 3 ; SDG 8 ; Covid-19 ; Decent Work And Economic Growth ; Good Health And Well-being ; Macro Shocks ; Macroeconomic Analysis Of Economic Development ; Macroeconomic Stability And Growth ; Sdg 3 ; Sdg 8
    Abstract: Economic growth remains below pre-COVID-19 levels, mainly owing to protracted macroeconomic instability. Economic growth is estimated at 3.7 percent for 2023, with positive contributions from the services sector (for example, tourism, transport, and logistics) and mining. Electricity generation, mostly from hydropower plants, was tempered by low rainfall. Meanwhile, foreign investment increased substantially, linked mainly to the electricity and mining sectors. In contrast, public spending and household consumption remained constrained by limited fiscal space and high inflation. Merchandise export growth was limited, affected by supply-side constraints (for example, labor shortages) and subdued external demand. Amid limited foreign exchange liquidity and high external debt service obligations, depreciation and inflationary pressures persist. In 2023, the annual average official kip/US dollar exchange rate weakened by 31 percent, while the average parallel rate depreciated by 27 percent. The parallel exchange rate premium was about 13 percent in March 2024. Depreciation appears to coincide with periods of large public debt service repayments, usually between March and September. Given the high import dependence, depreciation brings changes in domestic prices. Headline inflation averaged 31 percent in 2023 and remained at about 25 percent for eight consecutive months from August 2023, with food, transport, hotel, and restaurant price increases the main contributors. In 2024, real GDP is projected to grow by 4 percent as potential growth will remain constrained by structural challenges. This outlook assumes no new debt service deferrals in 2024 and beyond, while deferrals accumulated during 2020-2023 would continue to be deferred. Economic activity is expected to benefit from recovered performance in tourism, transport and logistics services, and investment in the power sector and some special economic zones. Despite the slight uptick this year, economic growth will remain below pre-COVID levels, weighed down by macroeconomic instability and structural constraints such as a shortage of skills, both in quality and quantity, and a challenging business environment
    DOI: 10.1596/41505
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    Net Zero Energy by 2060 : Charting the Path of Europe and Central Asia Toward a Secure and Sustainable Energy Future (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Energy Study
    Keywords: Adaptation to Climate Change ; Decarbonization ; Energy ; Energy Transition ; Environment ; Gas Security ; Renewable Energy ; Urban Development ; Decarbonization ; Energy ; Energy Transition ; Gas Security ; Renewable Energy
    Abstract: Since February 2022, geopolitical events have made clear Europe's need to diversify its energy sources and avoid excessive dependence on fossil fuel imports. The drop in Russian natural gas flows to Europe in 2022 marked the single largest supply shock in the history of global gas markets. It caused a significant increase in prices of electricity and heating services for consumers across the continent. With Europe's high reliance on imported natural gas, reestablishing energy security is a paramount objective. But how security can be achieved is subject to many uncertainties. Although Central Asia is not as dependent on gas imports as other parts of the World Bank's Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region, it has not been spared an energy crisis. Chronic underinvestment and the harshest winter conditions in decades resulted in significant blackouts in power and heating during the winter of 2022/23. -- This report analyzes the implications of the 2022/2023 energy crises over the short and long term, observing possible energy scenarios through 2060 in the Bank's ECA region and examining three key questions: -- What is the state of energy security in ECA in the wake of recent geopolitical events? -- What will it take to decarbonize the ECA energy system? -- What are the main uncertainties?
    DOI: 10.1596/41089
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    Western Balkans Regular Economic Report No.25, Spring 2024 : Invigorating Growth (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Climate Change Impacts ; Employment Growth ; Fiscal Consolidation ; Inflation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Reduction ; Western Balkans ; Employment Growth ; Fiscal Consolidation ; Inflation ; No Poverty ; Poverty Reduction ; Sdg 1 ; Western Balkans
    Abstract: Economic growth in the Western Balkans slowed to 2.6 percent in 2023, from the 3.4 percent reached in 2022, reflecting the impact of a weak European economy weighed down by sequential shocks. Overall, the WB6 region has experienced a rise in total hours worked driven by employment growth and labor force expansion, especially driven by women joining the labor force. Poverty in the Western Balkans returned to its declining trend during 2023, but at a slower pace than pre-pandemic. A robust fiscal performance and solid rate of gross domestic product (GDP) growth led to a fall in debt as a share of GDP. After increasing to levels not seen in several decades, inflation rates in the WB6 fell significantly during 2023. Growth projections for the medium term have increased slightly, reflecting cautious optimism that, having weathered a flurry of shocks over recent years, the Western Balkans is beginning to see a return to trend economic performance. However, while the WB6 region is expected to return on its pre-pandemic trend in 2024, this is insufficient to enable meaningful convergence with European Union (EU) income levels over the medium term. The spotlight in this edition of the Western Balkans Regular Economic Report focuses on the role of cities as engines of growth and leading actor in the green transition. This spotlight recommends action on three main fronts to make cities in the Western Balkans greener. First, it is crucial to reduce urban sprawl and make cities more compact. Second, cities must bring down their emissions, also because this will have immediate improvement on socio-economic and environmental outcomes. And third, cities must take actions to reduce extreme urban heat and enhance preparedness for it
    DOI: 10.1596/41404
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    Double Trouble? : Assessing Climate Physical and Transition Risks for the Moroccan Banking Sector (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Adaptation to Climate Change ; Climate Change ; Climate Change Impacts ; Economic Policy ; Environment ; Environment and Natural Resource Management ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Green Growth ; Climate Change ; Economic Policy ; Environment And Natural Resource Management ; Green Growth
    Abstract: There is growing awareness globally about the potential impacts of climate change on financial stability. Climate-related financial risks can be broadly grouped into two categories: (i) climate physical risks, which are financial risks stemming from the gradual and abrupt impacts of climate change (primarily droughts and floods in the case of Morocco, as highlighted by the ongoing severe drought event and recent floods), and (ii) climate transition risks, which are financial risks that can result from the transition to a low-carbon economy, for example, due to changes in climate policy, technology, or market sentiment. The purpose of this report is to better understand the impact of these climate risks on Morocco's banking sector. This includes understanding the banking sector's exposure to sectors and regions that are vulnerable to climate physical and transition risks, as well as a quantification of climate impacts on banks' balance sheets under different scenarios. This report also takes stock of the Moroccan banking sector's current risk management practices and the supervisory response to climate-related financial risks
    DOI: 10.1596/41405
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    Health Information Systems in Yemen (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Keywords: Adaptation to Climate Change ; Health Service Delivery ; Health Service Management and Delivery ; Health Systems and Policies ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Development and Gender ; Natural Disasters ; Reproductive and Maternal Health ; Good Health And Well-being ; Health Service Delivery ; Health Systems And Policies ; Human Development And Gender ; Reproductive And Maternal Health ; Sdg 3
    Abstract: There are multiple obstacles to use of health information systems (HISs) in Yemen, including fragmented systems, insufficient infrastructure, a lack of skilled personnel, and the absence of standardized registries with identical terminology and coding. The absence of unified strategic visions1, standards, vocabulary, and terminologies further complicate the situation. Despite these challenges, Yemen has made strides in implementing various HIS with support from international partners, including the most widely used--the District Health Information Software 2 (DHIS2), for routine health data collection and analysis. However, it should be noted that the DHIS2 is not intended to serve as an electronic medical record (EMR) system in Yemen. This note underscores the potential of digital health solutions in transforming Yemen's HIS. Introduction of a Digital Health Platform (DHP), designed to enhance the interoperability and integration of current and future HIS, is an opportunity for Yemen. The DHP helps improve data governance, management, and usage by encouraging the efficient use of digital health standards and open-source tools. A gradual, flexible, and demand-driven approach is encouraged, emphasizing the integration of existing HIS. Recognizing challenges and opportunities around HIS in Yemen, the Ministry of Public Health and Population (MoPHP) intends to effectively utilize digital solutions to foster greater improvements in HIS governance, architecture. The MoPHP intends to establisha foundational blueprint that can be synergized with the DHP and other proposed digitalhealth solutions, thereby accelerating the pace of implementation and ensuring a cohesiveapproach to health care transformation
    DOI: 10.1596/41362
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    Reforms for a Brighter Future : Time to Decide - Policy Notes: Fundamental Policy Shifts for Pakistan's Sustainable Economic Development (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Keywords: Adaptation to Climate Change ; Climate Change ; Economic Growth and Planning ; Environment ; Environment and Natural Resource Management ; Finance and Development ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Poverty Reduction ; Climate Change ; Economic Growth And Planning ; Environment And Natural Resource Management ; No Poverty ; Pakistan ; Sdg 1
    Abstract: Pakistan is at a critical decision point. While there have been recent important examples of reform progress, economic policies over past years and decades have had overall negative impacts on sustainability, productivity, and investment. As Pakistan has fallen behind its peers, progress with poverty reduction has ceased. Human development outcomes remain dire, while the benefits of growth have accrued disproportionately to a narrow elite. Amid continued rapid population growth and a youth bulge, a growing number of young Pakistanis are frustrated by the lack of opportunities, with prospects for young women especially bleak. Pakistan is among the countries most impacted by climate change, and recent events, including the 2022 floods, have highlighted the urgent need for investment in climate resilience. The economy is now, again, sustained by a short-term International Monetary Fund (IMF) program, inflation is at record highs, the rupee has depreciated sharply, while foreign exchange reserves remain at uncomfortably low levels. Recent policy measures (including the restoration of exchange rate flexibility, subsidy reforms, and movements towards fiscal constraint) have supported economic stabilization, but the underpinning drivers of Pakistan's economic fragility remain to be addressed. This note presents critical policy shifts required to move beyond the current low equilibrium towards sustainable and inclusive economic development and poverty reduction. This note summarizes the accompanying series of policy notes. It: (i) outlines Pakistan's current development challenge; (ii) identifies the critical constraints to faster development progress; (iii) describes the major policy shifts that will be required to address current constraints; and (iv) presents broad principles to guide implementation of required reforms
    DOI: 10.1596/41358
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    Beneficial Ownership Registers : Implementation Insights and Emerging Frontiers (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions Insight
    Keywords: Anti-Corruption ; Beneficial Ownership Registers (BOR) ; Education Reform and Management ; Governance ; Law and Development ; Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ; Primary Education ; Property and Land Law ; SDG 16 ; Anti-corruption ; Beneficial Ownership Registers (bor) ; Peace, Justice And Strong Institutions ; Property And Land Law ; Sdg 16
    Abstract: This EFI Insight distills critical insights from the implementation of Beneficial Ownership Registers (BORs) in Nigeria, North Macedonia, Kenya, and the United Kingdom. The experiences of these countries offer valuable lessons for similar reform efforts worldwide aimed at enhancing beneficial ownership transparency
    DOI: 10.1596/41470
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    Malaysia Economic Monitor - Bending Bamboo Shoots : Strengthening Foundational Skills (April 2024) (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Decent Work and Economic Growth ; Early Childhood Education ; Education ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Poverty Diagnostics ; Primary Education ; Quality Education ; SDG 4 ; SDG 8 ; Decent Work And Economic Growth ; Early Childhood Education ; Primary Education ; Quality Education ; Sdg 4 ; Sdg 8
    Abstract: As Malaysia strives to become a high-income economy, the need for advanced and specialized skills will be crucial to maintain its economic competitiveness. Sophisticated skills, whether cognitive, technical or socio-emotional, are built on strong foundational skills. Malaysia has expanded early childhood education and achieved near universal primary education with remarkable equity in resources and student experiences. Part 1 of this Malaysia Economic Monitor (MEM) presents a review of recent economic developments and a macroeconomic outlook. Part 2 begins by outlining the learning outcomes challenge and identifying the bottlenecks that the Malaysian education system faces in improving learning outcomes. This section attempts to understand why overall learning outcomes in Malaysia are low relative to expectation, with low-income students doing especially poorly. Reflecting this, the special thematic topic identifies the steps that can be taken to improving foundational skills and learning outcomes in Malaysia
    DOI: 10.1596/41465
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    Tourism Research Study on Yachting Sector : Cabo Verde (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: General Economy, Macroeconomics, and Growth Study
    Keywords: Early Childhood Development ; Economic Development ; Industry ; Infrastructure ; Nautical Tourism ; Primary Education ; Tourism ; Yacht Tourism ; Infrastructure ; Nautical Tourism ; Tourism ; Yacht Tourism
    Abstract: The study aims to determine the opportunity for Cabo Verde in yacht tourism and provide investment and policy recommendations for Cabo Verde to achieve its potential in this sector. Cabo Verde is a relative newcomer in the yacht tourism industry. With only one marina in the country, the industry is still nascent. Still, there is opportunity for Cabo Verde to grow and succeed in yacht tourism. In this context, a team of yacht and marine tourism expects conducted this research study looking at: (i) demand for yacht tourism globally; (ii) current state of infrastructure, policy and marketing in Cabo Verde to support said demand; and (iii) international case studies of competitive destinations who have captured more of the yachting market
    DOI: 10.1596/41462
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  • 50
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    Circular Business Model for Vanadium Use in Energy Storage (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Keywords: Adolescent Health ; Affordable and Clean Energy ; Circular Business Models ; Climate Sustainability ; Economic Sustainability ; Energy ; Environment ; Family Planning Research ; Gender and Health ; Life on Land ; Power Systems ; Reproductive Health ; SDG 7 ; Vanadium ; Affordable And Clean Energy ; Circular Business Models ; Climate Sustainability ; Economic Sustainability ; Life On Land ; Power Systems ; Sdg 7 ; Vanadium
    Abstract: This report examines the potential of circular business models for vanadium, focusing on the leasing model for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFB). VRFBs are posited to become increasingly significant in the decarbonization of power systems due to their unique attributes as a grid-scale energy storage solution--characterized by long duration, modularity, and site independence. While the report does not delve into the technological advancements or energy-specific applications of VRFBs, it does underscore their economic and climate sustainability benefits. Additionally, the report discusses how innovative business models, particularly leasing, can overcome the challenge of high initial costs and promote broader adoption of VRFBs. The leasing model is presented as one of several feasible strategies to facilitate the deployment of VRFBs in the energy storage market
    DOI: 10.1596/41459
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    Governance of State-Owned Enterprises in the MENA Region : Synthesis and Cross-cutting Findings of SOE Governance Reviews of Six Countries (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Adaptation to Climate Change ; Energy Resources Development ; Financial Reporting System ; Governance ; Governance and Growth ; Governance in Public Sector ; Industry ; Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Natural Resources Management ; Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ; SDG 16 ; SDG 9 ; State-Owned Enterprises ; Financial Reporting System ; Governance And Growth ; Governance In Public Sector ; Industry, Innovation And Infrastructure ; Peace, Justice And Strong Institutions ; Sdg 16 ; Sdg 9 ; State-owned Enterprises
    Abstract: This report is part of a World Bank review of state-owned enterprise (SOE) governance practices in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The focus on governance is motivated by research pointing to good governance as an important precondition for successful and sustainable SOE reform. This report summarizes findings of six SOE governance reviews of Djibouti, Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, Oman, and Tunisia, while also drawing on other regional studies. The six country reports, as well as this cross-cutting report, concentrate on the core dimensions of corporate governance of SOEs as identified in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Guidelines for Corporate Governance of SOEs, and the World Bank's Integrated SOE Framework (iSOEF). These include: (i) the legal and regulatory framework for corporate governance; (ii) state ownership arrangements; (iii) performance management frameworks; (iv) Board structures and functioning; (v) financial reporting, accountability, control, and transparency; (vi) procurement policies and practices; and (vii) climate change reporting practices. The report also provides an overview of the SOE landscape in terms of the size, composition, employment, subsidies, and financial risks of the SOE sectors
    DOI: 10.1596/41457
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    South Asia - Macro Poverty Outlook Country-by-Country Analysis and Projections for the Developing World : Spring Meetings 2024 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Poverty Study
    Keywords: Debt Indicators ; Developing Countries ; Fiscal Indicators ; GDP ; Gender and Health ; Gender and Law ; Gender and Social Policy ; International Law ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; No Poverty ; Poverty Indicators ; Poverty Reduction ; SDG 1 ; Debt Indicators ; Developing Countries ; Fiscal Indicators ; Gdp ; No Poverty ; Poverty Indicators ; Poverty Reduction ; Sdg 1
    Abstract: This edition of the Macro Poverty Outlooks periodical contains country-by-country forecasts and overviews for GDP, fiscal, debt and poverty indicators for the developing countries of the South Asia region. Macroeconomic indicators such as population, gross domestic product and gross domestic product per capita, and where available, other indicators such as primary school enrollment, life expectancy at birth, total greenhouse gas emissions and inflation, among others, are included for each country. In addition to the World Bank's most recent forecasts, key conditions and challenges, recent developments and outlook are briefly described for each country in the region
    DOI: 10.1596/41430
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    East Asia and the Pacific - Macro Poverty Outlook Country-by-Country Analysis and Projections for the Developing World : Spring Meetings 2024 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Poverty Study
    Keywords: Debt Indicators ; Developing Countries ; Economic Growth ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Fiscal Indicators ; GDP ; Inflation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; No Poverty ; Poverty Indicators ; Poverty Reduction ; SDG 1 ; Debt Indicators ; Developing Countries ; Fiscal Indicators ; Gdp ; No Poverty ; Poverty Indicators ; Sdg 1
    Abstract: This edition of the Macro Poverty Outlooks periodical contains country-by-country forecasts and overviews for GDP, fiscal, debt and poverty indicators for the developing countries of the Sub-Saharan Africa region. Macroeconomic indicators such as population, gross domestic product, and gross domestic product per capita, and where available, other indicators such as primary school enrollment, life expectancy at birth, total greenhouse gas emissions and inflation, among others, are included for each country. In addition to the World Bank's most recent forecasts, key conditions and challenges, recent developments and outlook are briefly described for each country in the region
    DOI: 10.1596/41428
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    Middle East and North Africa - Macro Poverty Outlook Country-by-Country Analysis and Projections for the Developing World : Spring Meetings 2024 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Poverty Study
    Keywords: Adaptation to Climate Change ; Economic Development ; Gross Domestic Product ; Macroeconomics ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; No Poverty ; Poverty Diagnostics ; Poverty Measurement ; Poverty Reduction ; Poverty, Environment and Development ; Public Sector Development ; SDG ; Suatainable Development Goals ; Gross Domestic Product ; Macroeconomics ; No Poverty ; Poverty Measurement ; Poverty Reduction ; Sdg 1
    Abstract: This edition of the Macro Poverty Outlooks periodical contains country-by-country forecasts and overviews for GDP, fiscal, debt and poverty indicators for the developing countries of the Middle East and North Africa region. Macroeconomic indicators such as population, gross domestic product and gross domestic product per capita, and where available, other indicators such as primary school enrollment, life expectancy at birth, total greenhouse gas emissions and inflation, among others, are included for each country. In addition to the World Bank's most recent forecasts, key conditions and challenges, recent developments and outlook are briefly described for each country in the region
    DOI: 10.1596/41424
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    Increasing Gender Equality in Fragile, Conflict, and Violence Settings (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: World Bank Gender Thematic Policy Notes Series
    Keywords: Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases ; Economic Development ; Fragility, Conflict and Violence ; Gender ; Gender and Economic Development ; Gender and Employment ; Poverty Diagnostics ; Private Sector Development ; Social Development ; Fragility, Conflict And Violence ; Gender And Economic Development ; Gender And Employment ; Gender Equality ; Private Sector Development ; Sdg 5
    Abstract: Fragility, conflict, and violence (FCV) significantly impact women and girls, exacerbating gender-based violence and limiting access to rights and services due to weakened institutions. Positive changes can emerge from crises, providing opportunities to reshape social norms and empower women. Achieving gender equality in these settings requires tailored approaches that consider local dynamics and involve influential non-state actors. The World Bank Group's experience suggests that partnerships, strengthened laws, and inclusive policies can enhance outcomes. Sustainable progress demands increased investment, innovation in data collection, and collaboration among governments, NGOs, and the private sector to address these complex challenges effectively
    DOI: 10.1596/41421
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    A Carbon Market Guidebook for Kenyan Enterprises (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Keywords: Carbon Market ; Climate Change ; Digital Divide ; Environment ; Environment and Natural Resource Management ; ICT Applications ; Information Technology ; Private Sector Development ; Public Expenditure Management ; Public Sector Development ; Carbon Market ; Climate Change ; Environment And Natural Resource Management ; Public Expenditure Management
    Abstract: Enterprises in Kenya encompass a diverse and dynamic landscape, representing a crucial driver of economic growth and employment opportunities in the country. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a pivotal role, contributing significantly to the nation's gross domestic product (GDP) and accounting for 90 percent of the labor force. Enterprises must scale their climate action to meet Kenya's climate mitigation and adaptation goals. However, the lack of funding has limited their contribution to the climate agenda. Debt constitutes most of enterprises' funding, but the price of debt remains very high and loan tenors are short. The availability of patient capital, including private equity, is also low. Carbon markets can be an important vehicle to support an enterprise's climate action. Crucially, carbon markets function as a source of non-debt, results-based financing that does not require prior assets or collateral, potentially enabling enterprises in Kenya that struggle to access other sources of climate finance to grow. Despite this potential and the government of Kenya's commitment to scale carbon markets, Kenya's participation in international carbon markets remains concentrated, with most credits issued by a handful of developers. Many enterprises also have limited understanding on how they should develop and monetize carbon credits. The purpose of this guidebook is therefore to provide practical step-by-step guidance to help enterprises navigate the complex and fast-evolving landscape of carbon markets
    DOI: 10.1596/41384
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    Maldives Development Update, May 2024 : Scaling Back and Rebuilding Buffers (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Economic Growth ; Fiscal Consolidation ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Maldives Monetary Authority ; Public Debt ; Tourism ; Economic Growth ; Fiscal Consolidation ; Maldives Monetary Authority ; Public Debt ; Tourism
    Abstract: The Maldives experienced a slowdown in economic growth in 2023, despite an increase in tourist arrivals. The GDP growth rate was 4.0 percent, well below the pre-pandemic trend. The increase in tourist arrivals did not lead to higher GDP growth due to a decline in spending per tourist. Inflation rose in early 2023 due to increased tax rates and high commodity prices, particularly in food and non-alcoholic beverages. The government managed to ease pressure on utility prices and transportation through subsidies. The country faced large external imbalances and a decline in foreign exchange reserves, leading to liquidity pressures. The fiscal deficit increased to 13.2 percent of GDP, driven by high levels of capital spending and subsidies. Key reforms for stabilization were not implemented, resulting in the need for a supplementary budget. The Maldives Monetary Authority financed the budget deficit, and banks' exposure to the sovereign remained high. The country has a high risk of debt distress and is vulnerable to domestic and external shocks. A large fiscal consolidation is urgently needed to ensure fiscal and debt sustainability. Tourism is expected to drive medium-term prosperity, but downside risks remain due to external and fiscal vulnerabilities. The baseline projections for GDP growth in the medium term are lower than previous forecasts due to expected fiscal adjustments and lower tourist spending. Inflation is projected to rise in 2024 due to planned subsidy reforms. Difficulties in liquidity management and failure to implement fiscal reforms pose risks to the economic outlook. Developing alternative growth drivers and reducing SOE involvement in economic activity are crucial for long-term growth
    DOI: 10.1596/41525
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    Slovakia - Understanding the Productivity of Slovakia's Local Governments : Key findings from an empirical study (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Keywords: Decent Work and Economic Growth ; Employment and Unemployment ; Governance ; Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ; Poverty Reduction ; Productivity Enhancing Policy ; Public Accountability Mechanisms ; Public Administration ; Public Sector Cumulative Impact Assessment ; SDG 16 ; SDG 8 ; Social Protections and Labor ; Decent Work And Economic Growth ; Peace, Justice And Strong Institutions ; Productivity Enhancing Policy ; Public Accountability Mechanisms ; Public Administration ; Public Sector Cumulative Impact Assessment ; Sdg 16 ; Sdg 8
    Abstract: This report employs a diverse range of data sources to examine district-level variations in public sector productivity in Slovakia. It leverages administrative data to measure productivity from the Fabasoft and Cezir data systems that provide detailed insights into case management and business licensing processes. Employment data, sourced from the government's job portal, sheds light on competition for public sector jobs. Additionally, a survey of district office public officials captures their management practices and attitudes. By incorporating these varied data sources, the report offers a comprehensive understanding of productivity factors and management dynamics within district offices, enabling a complex and informed assessment of the determinants of public sector productivity
    DOI: 10.1596/41518
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    Lao PDR Fiscal Incidence Analysis - Raising the Bar : Toward an Equitable and Inclusive Fiscal Policy (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Financial Sector Study
    Keywords: Equity ; Fiscal and Monetary Policy ; Fiscal Interventions ; Fiscal Policy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Policy Reforms ; Equity ; Fiscal Interventions ; Fiscal Policy ; Policy Reforms
    Abstract: The Lao People's Democratic Republic (Laos) is facing economic challenges. The country is experiencing a growth slowdown with high levels of public debt. Growing current expenditure and debt service obligations amid sluggish tax revenue led to a widening fiscal deficit in the early 2010s, which remained high into the 2020s despite fiscal consolidation efforts. COVID-19 and deteriorating macroeconomic conditions have disrupted human capital investment and are expected to have worsened the incidence of poverty and inequality. Fiscal policy can be an instrument to address these challenges, but its role has been constrained by a precarious fiscal position. This report analyzes the distributive effects of the Lao fiscal system and potential reforms to address current economic challenges. The analysis adopts the Commitment to Equity (CEQ) methodology to assess the distributional impact of the Lao fiscal system on household welfare. The methodology disaggregates income to include or exclude fiscal interventions to analyze the impact of the fiscal system and each intervention on poverty and inequality. Fiscal interventions can be classified into three categories according to how they are imposed on households: direct interventions (direct taxes, social security contributions, and cash transfers), indirect interventions (indirect taxes and subsidies), and in-kind interventions (public health and education). The framework assesses how progressive a fiscal system and each fiscal intervention are and measures their impacts on poverty and inequality
    DOI: 10.1596/40815
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    ESG Integration at the Government Pension Fund of Thailand (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Equitable Growth, Finance and Institutions Insight
    Keywords: Access To Finance ; ESG Integration ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Government Pension Fund ; Investments ; Pension Funds ; Pensions and Retirement Systems ; Social Funds and Pensions ; Social Protections and Labor ; Esg Integration ; Government Pension Fund ; Investments ; Pension Funds
    Abstract: This report describes the ESG integration practices at GPF as a practical example of how a pension fund can integrate ESG considerations into its investment practices and processes. The report focuses on the incorporation of ESG issues into our investment analysis and decision-making process. Other elements of responsible investing such as active ownership and ESG disclosure practices whilst also key to GPF's overall approach, are not discussed in detail in this report. The report is a product of technical co-operation between teams from GPF and the World Bank. The report starts by providing some background information on GPF, including its investment philosophy and an overview of ESG investment philosophy before detailing the GPF ESG Score methodology. It then describes how the GPF ESG Score methodology is applied to equity and fixed-income investments, followed by an overview of how GPF ensures that ESG considerations are integrated into the selection, appointment and monitoring of external managers. It concludes with some reflections on the landscape of responsible investment and identifies areas where GPF expects to improve its investment process in the coming years
    DOI: 10.1596/41329
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    Diversification through the Application of the Co-evolutionary Framework : Korea and Viet Nam (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Co-Evolutionary Framework ; Diversification ; Economic Growth ; ICT Policy and Strategies ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Principle Of Relatedness ; Technology-Based ; Co-evolutionary Framework ; Diversification ; Principle Of Relatedness ; Technology-based
    Abstract: This research examines the diversification process by conceptualizing a co-evolutionary framework linking production and technology. The study applies the framework to retrospectively explain Korea's successful diversification path and to Viet Nam to identify how the country could further diversify into complex and value-added products. The authors apply relatedness analysis leveraging patent and trade data and present four different types of diversification patterns, namely unrelated diversification, production-based diversification, technology-based diversification, and complex diversification. Developed countries including Korea shifted toward technology-based or complex diversification strategies as their economies developed. Using a simulated scenario approach, the report outlines potential future trajectories wherein Viet Nam attains technological capabilities. The result shows that Viet Nam can diversify into 233 products if it accumulates capabilities in the 12 identified technologies. The report concludes with policy lessons that could inform policy makers in Viet Nam as well as other developing economies. Namely, that the country would need to invest more intensively in technology and capabilities upgrading to diversify into new complex products and evolve its diversification strategy alongside its economic growth and capability building process
    DOI: 10.1596/41312
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    FY 2023 Fiji Country Opinion Survey Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Opinion Surveys
    Keywords: Accountability ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Social Accountability ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Strategy ; Accountability ; Effectiveness ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Abstract: The Country Opinion Survey in Fiji assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Fiji perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Fiji on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Fiji; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Fiji; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Fiji; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Fiji
    DOI: 10.1596/41306
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    FY 2023 Mali Country Opinion Survey Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Opinion Surveys
    Keywords: Accountability ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Social Accountability ; Social Development ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Strategy ; Accountability ; Effectiveness ; Stakeholder Engagement ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Abstract: The Country Opinion Survey in Mali assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Mali perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Mali on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Mali; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Mali; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Mali; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Mali
    DOI: 10.1596/41303
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    Nepal Crisis Preparedness Gap Analysis : Technical Annex (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
    Keywords: Access To Finance ; CPGA ; Environment ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Preparedness ; Natural Disasters ; Primary Response ; Risk ; Social and Livelihood Support ; Social Protections and Assistance ; Social Protections and Labor ; Cpga ; Financial Preparedness ; Primary Response ; Risk ; Social And Livelihood Support
    Abstract: Crisis preparedness is cral to preventing shocks from becoming crises. Investments in ex ante preparedness are especially relevant in countries like Nepal that face high levels of exposure and vulnerability to a range of risks. In seeking to identify opportunities to strengthen the Government of Nepal's (GoN's) capacity to prepare for crisis events in an effective and timely manner, this Technical Annex presents findings from the application of the Crisis Preparedness Gap Analysis (CPGA) diagnostic in the country. It provides details on findings and entry points across the five componnts of crisis preparedness. For a summary, please refer to the accompanying CPGA Nepal Briefing Note. Following a brief description of the CPGA methodology, the Technical Annex presents a summary of findings from each CPGA component alongside identification of entry points and opportunities to strengthen crisis preparedness in the country. To provide a holistic assessment of preparedness, the CPGA focuses on five core components of crisis preparedness. These are (i) Legal and Institutional Foundations, (ii) Understanding and Monitoring Risks, (iii) FinancialPreparedness, (iv) Primary Response, and (v) Social and Livelihood Support
    DOI: 10.1596/41192
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    Sierra Leone Human Capital Review : Maximizing Human Potential for Resilience and Inclusive Development (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Keywords: Demographics ; Early Childhood Development ; Education ; Fetal and Maternal Health ; Food and Nutrition Policy ; Gender ; Gender and Poverty ; Government Financing ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Human Capital ; Mortality ; Nutrition Services ; Pregnancy ; Social Protections and Assistance ; Social Protections and Labor ; Education ; Fetal And Maternal Health ; Good Health And Well-being ; Government Financing ; Human Capital ; Mortality ; Nutrition Services ; Pregnancy ; Quality Education ; Sdg 3 ; Sdg 4
    Abstract: This Human Capital Review (HCR) report presents an in-depth analysis of human capital indicators throughout a person's lifetime, from in utero to productive aging. By examining the various stages of human capital accumulation, the report aims to provide accurate recommendations for specific groups in Sierra Leone. Thus, the report disaggregates data whenever possible. It relies on an extensive consultative process involving various stakeholders such as Government counterparts, development partners, teachers, adolescent girls, students, private sector representatives, and local representatives. The consultation process followed a Problem-Driven Iterative Adaptation (PDIA) approach, which facilitates the identification and resolution of problems by local leadership. In addition, this report aims to inform the design and implementation of human capital reforms that will respond to specific challenges identified in the report
    DOI: 10.1596/41188
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    FY 2023 Cabo Verde Country Opinion Survey Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Opinion Surveys
    Keywords: Accountability ; Development Economics and Aid Effectiveness ; Effectiveness ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Social Accountability ; Social Development ; World Bank Group Strategy ; Accountability ; Effectiveness ; World Bank Group Strategy
    Abstract: The Country Opinion Survey in Cabo Verde assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Cabo Verde perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Cabo Verde on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Cabo Verde; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Cabo Verde; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Cabo Verde; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Cabo Verde
    DOI: 10.1596/41168
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    Kazakhstan : Strengthening Public Finance for Inclusive and Resilient Growth: Public Finance Review (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Public Expenditure Review
    Keywords: Education ; Financial Economics ; Fiscal Policy ; Fiscal Risks ; Footprint ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Non-Oil Revenue ; Quasi-Fiscal Activities ; SNG ; Education ; Fiscal Policy ; Fiscal Risks ; Footprint ; Non-oil Revenue ; Quasi-fiscal Activities ; Sng
    Abstract: The first three chapters of the PFR review the core fiscal policy and revenue mobilization issues. Chapter 1 discusses the fiscal landscape, fiscal framework, and progressivity of fiscal policy. Chapter 2 looks at the footprint of quasi-fiscal activities, which affects the overall fiscal stance and exposes certain fiscal risks. Chapter 3 discusses the stagnation in non-oil revenue and collection across taxes and outlines reform options to improve the tax regime. This PFR also covers education and social protection spending, constituting about 42 percent of generalgovernment budget spending, and is critical for Kazakhstan's social agenda and long-term development goals. Chapter 4 analyzes the efficiency of public spending on education, discusses challenges in delivering equitable access to quality education, and offers options for enhancing spending effectiveness through institutional and policy changes. Chapter 5 discusses the efficiency and effectiveness of spending on the social protection system, particularly the coverage and targeting of social assistance programs, issues in implementing active labor market programs, and challenges in delivering social insurance. Because of data constraints, this PFR excludes analysis on social benefits, pensions, and the State Social Insurance Fund. The last two chapters cover the core system of public-finance management issues on budgeting and inter-governmental fiscal relations. Chapter 6 considers options for further improving budgeting, planning, and monitoring to deliver better fiscal outcomes for inclusive and resilient growth. While Chapter 7 examines emerging subnational fiscal issues and options to simplify and improve certainty in the transfer mechanism from central to SNGs and within the SNG hierarchy
    DOI: 10.1596/41162
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    Pacific Economic Update, March 2024 : Back on Track? The Imperative of Investing in Education (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Education ; Education Reform ; Education Reform and Management ; Existing Teachers ; Learning ; Teaching Practices ; Education ; Education Reform ; Existing Teachers ; Learning ; Teaching Practices
    Abstract: In 2023, growth in the Pacific islands (PIC-11) decelerated but remained robust at 5.5 percent--about two and a half times the long-term average. Fiji's output surpassed pre-pandemic levels in 2023 despite a notable deceleration, with growth rates halving from 20 percent in 2022 to eight percent in 2023. The PIC-11, excluding Fiji, experienced a noteworthy rebound of 2.7 percent growth in 2023, after a 0.5 percent output contraction in 2022. The trajectory of accelerated and sustainable growth in Pacific Island countries depends on a workforce that is well educated and equipped with enhanced skills and capabilities. Boosting education and skills is essential for long-term growth and poverty reduction in the Pacific Island countries. While multiple factors influence learning, once a child enters school, teachers have the largest impact. A robust body of evidence guides policymakers in improving teaching quality and ensuring that all young children acquire strong foundational skills. This report outlines a three-pronged program of action based on this evidence: attracting and recruiting effective teachers, enhancing existing teachers' capacity, and motivating greater teacher effort. Recognizing that 54 percent of teachers expected to teach in 2035 are already recruited, the report emphasizes a special focus on enhancing the capacity of existing teachers. It provides examples of rigorously evaluated interventions, such as structured pedagogy and access to pre-recorded lectures by highly rated teachers. Implementing these recommendations will aid regional countries in accelerating learning, allowing children and societies to achieve their aspirations
    DOI: 10.1596/41160
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    Women, Business and the Law 2024 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    ISBN: 9781464820632
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 pages)
    Series Statement: Women, Business and the Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Discrimination ; Domestic Violence ; Empowering Women ; Equal Rights ; Gender Disparities ; Gender Equality ; Gender Inequality ; Women ; Women's Rights ; Entrepreneurship ; Gender Gap ; Global Workplace ; Implementation Gap ; Lack Of Enforcement ; Legal Rights ; Nationality Rights ; Pay ; Retirement ; Safety And Childcare ; Women
    Abstract: Women, Business and the Law 2024 is the 10th in a series of annual studies measuring the enabling conditions that affect women's economic opportunity in 190 economies. To present a more complete picture of the global environment that enables women's socioeconomic participation, this year Women, Business and the Law introduces two new indicators--Safety and Childcare--and presents findings on the implementation gap between laws (de jure) and how they function in practice (de facto). This study presents three indexes: (1) legal frameworks, (2) supportive frameworks (policies, institutions, services, data, budget, and access to justice), and (3) expert opinions on women's rights in practice in the areas measured. The study's 10 indicators--Safety, Mobility, Workplace, Pay, Marriage, Parenthood, Childcare, Entrepreneurship, Assets, and Pension--are structured around the different stages of a woman's working life. Findings from this new research can inform policy discussions to ensure women's full and equal participation in the economy. The indicators build evidence of the critical relationship between legal gender equality and women's employment and entrepreneurship. Data in Women, Business and the Law 2024 are current as of October 1, 2023. wbl.worldbank.org
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    A Focused Assessment of the International Development Association's Private Sector Window : An Update to the Independent Evaluation Group's 2021 Early-Stage Assessment (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: IEG Independent Evaluations and Annual Reviews
    Keywords: IDA ; Private Investment ; Private Sector ; Private Sector Development ; Private Sector Economics ; Private Sector Window (PSW) ; Ida ; Private Investment ; Private Sector ; Private Sector Window (psw)
    Abstract: The private sector is essential for creating jobs and prosperity in poor countries, but developing it is challenging, especially in fragile and conflict-affected situations (FCS). The IDA Private Sector Window (PSW) is a blended finance facility that enables the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), and third-party private sector investors to conduct high-risk transactions in International Development Association (IDA) countries and FCS countries. This evaluation aims to assess the usage, market development potential, and enabling factors of the PSW. The evaluation assesses how the usage of the PSW has changed from its inception in 2017 to 2023 and explores its potential market development effects and its enabling factors, namely concessionality (for IFC and MIGA) and additionality (for IFC). Concessionality is the level of subsidy needed for IFC and MIGA to offer transactions in PSW-eligible countries at market prices. Additionality is the unique support IFC brings to private investments (on a project basis) that is not offered by commercial sources of finance. It comprises financial and nonfinancial additionality. This evaluation assesses the PSW across three IDA cycles: IDA18, which covers FY18-20; IDA19, which covers FY21-22; and IDA20, which covers FY23-25. It updates the 2021 IEG early-stage assessment of the PSW (FY18-20) and complements the IDA20 PSW Mid-Term Review, which was prepared jointly by IDA, IFC, and MIGA
    DOI: 10.1596/40884
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    Gulf Economic Update, Fall 2023 : Structural Reforms and Shifting Social Norms to Increase Women's Labor Force Participation (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Economic Growth ; Gender ; Gender and Development ; Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Saudi Arabia ; Women ; Women and Labor ; Gender ; Gender Equality ; Gulf Cooperation Council (gcc) ; Saudi Arabia ; Women ; Women And Labor
    Abstract: The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) economies have been a bright spot in an otherwise gloomy economic landscape. Average growthin the GCC surpassed 7 percent in 2022 led by Saudi Arabia, its biggest economy, which was globally the fastest growing large economy. This growth was not just a result of buoyant hydrocarbon prices but also continued growth of non-oil sectors. The latter was the result of persistent structural reforms undertaken by several GCC countries to improve the investment environment, promote flexible labor markets, and encourage women to join the labor market. GCC countries have used the windfall revenues from oil and gas to rebuild their buffers, pay down their debt, and shore-up their sovereign wealth funds. They have also sought to protect their vulnerable populations with continued subsidies on food, fuel, and utilities. Such policies have limited the impact of inflation on the domestic economy. Finally, GCC countries have also used their financial muscle to support economically weaker countries in the region. The stellar growth of 2022 is slowing down and growth is expected to moderate to 1 percent in 2023 before picking up again to 3.6 percent in 2024. The decline in economic activity in 2023 is driven by consecutive production cut decisions by OPEC+ in an effort to stabilize global oil prices. However, non-oil GDP continues its growth trajectory reaching 3.9 percent, resulting weaker integration between oil and non-oil sectors. To maintain this track record, GCC countries will need to continue to exercise prudent macroeconomic management, stay the course with structural reforms, and increase non-oil exports. Downside risks remain and it would be amiss not to mention them. The conflict in the Middle East presents major risks to the region and the GCC outlook if it extends or expands to include other regional players. While it is too early to quantify the impact and channels of the conflict, we already witness a 4 percentsurge in global oil futures. Although China is bouncing back after emerging from tight Covid-19 lockdowns, troubles in the real estate sector could still disrupt this trajectory. Persistent high inflation in the world's major economies has not been entirely vanquishedsuggesting a high interest rate environment for a longer period. Windfall revenues are anticipated as a result of higher oil prices driven by the conflict in the Middle East. However, the extent and duration of the conflict will play a pivotal role in determining economicramifications not only on energy markets but also on regional financial and trade markets and overall economic confidence. The Special Focus section of the report discusses the power of structural reforms and social norms in advancing female labor force participation in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia experienced an unprecedented surge in female labor force participation since 2016 as a result of: (i) changing regulations and the removal of legal barriers, shifting social norms, (ii) the implementation of sound structural reforms and (iii) effective government communications. Saudi Arabia's success in increasing female labor force participation from 17.4 percent in 2017 to 36 percent in 2023 offers important lessons to other countries in the region and the world
    DOI: 10.1596/40880
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    Jobs for All - Unlocking Inclusive Growth in Kenya : Kenya Jobs Diagnostic (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Social Protection Study
    Keywords: Decent Work and Economic Growth ; Economic Growth ; Economic Growth Diagnostics ; Economic Growth Policy ; Employment and Unemployment ; Labor and Employment Laws and Regulations ; Labor Contracts ; Law and Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; SDG 8 ; Social Protections and Labor ; Decent Work And Economic Growth ; Economic Growth ; Economic Growth Diagnostics ; Economic Growth Policy ; Labor And Employment Laws And Regulations ; Labor Contracts ; Sdg 8
    Abstract: This Kenya Jobs Diagnostic discusses Kenya's demographic transition and its impact on the labor force and economic growth. It highlights the importance of creating a favorable environment for the young labor force to drive innovation and growth. However, if there is a mismatch between labor supply and good job opportunities, it can lead to unemployment, poverty, and social unrest. This jobs diagnostic first analyses the employment situation in Kenya, where the majority of the population works in the agriculture and services sectors. Agriculture has the lowest quality of employment. There is large heterogeneity in the quality of employment within the services sectors, with the education, health, and social security subsector having some of the best quality of employment, while the trade subsector has the second-lowest employment quality after agriculture. Gender disparities continue to exist in the labor market, with women earning less than men and facing challenges in terms of labor force participation and quality of jobs
    DOI: 10.1596/41612
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    Zambia Country Economic Memorandum, June 2024 : Unlocking Productivity and Economic Transformation for Better Jobs (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Economic Memorandum
    Keywords: Agribusiness ; Agriculture ; Economic Growth ; Labor Markets ; Labor Productivity ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Private Sector ; Social Protections and Labor ; Agriculture ; Economic Growth ; Labor Productivity ; Private Sector
    Abstract: Zambia needs to increase productivity and accelerate economic transformation to achieve sustained and inclusive growth. Zambia's debt resolution and ongoing reforms are expected to support macroeconomic stability and reignite private-sector investment. By October 2023, the Government of the Republic of Zambia (GRZ) reached an agreement with the Official Creditor's Committee (OCC) on debt restructuring under the G20 Common Framework and, by late March 2024, it was announced that a deal was reached with bondholders. As of the end of the first quarter of 2024, the Zambian authorities are in the final phase of debt negotiations involving the other private lenders. Since 2021, the GRZ has launched an ambitious reform program. It saw the primary balance improve by 6.6 percentage points in 2022, bringing it to a surplus and cutting inflation by half. The authorities have introduced measures to boost private investment and have rebalanced the composition of government spending. This Country Economic Memorandum (CEM) discusses two pathways that can support Zambia's productivity-enhancing economic transformation, generate better jobs, and deliver sustained and inclusive growth. Economies transform when more people join the labor force and find jobs, become more productive in them, or reallocate to more productive jobs. These factors cause average labor productivity to rise with labor incomes. But in Zambia, productivity has been on a declining trend, and only the capital-intensive mining sector has seen significant labor productivity increases. Raising the productivity of agriculture is the first pathway for tackling Zambia's development challenges (Chapter 2). It has enormous potential to drive poverty reduction, but expensive and distortive support programs, coupled with increasing climate hazards, constrain productivity growth and dampen opportunities to diversify beyond maize. The second pathway involves Zambia making critical economy-wide reforms to unlock broad-based private sector productivity growth and increase its role in driving jobs and economic transformation (Chapter 3). Two background papers that take deep dives into these two themes are published alongside this report
    DOI: 10.1596/41607
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    Syria Economic Monitor, Spring 2024 : Conflict, Crises, and the Collapse of Household Welfare (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Armed Conflict ; Communities and Human Settlements ; Conflict and Development ; Conflict and Violence ; Decent Work and Economic Growth ; Economic Growth ; Economic Growth Diagnositics ; Economic Insecurity ; International Affairs ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ; SDG 8 ; War Crimes ; Conflict And Violence ; Decent Work And Economic Growth ; Economic Growth Diagnositics ; Peace, Justice And Strong Institutions ; Sdg 8 ; War Crimes
    Abstract: This Syria Economic Monitor leverages innovative alternative and remote-based data sources to analyze recent economic developments in a nation still grappling with the most deadly and one of the most protracted conflicts in recent history. Throughout 2023, Syria's dire economic situation continued to worsen, exacerbated by multiple overlapping shocks, including the February earthquakes, and increased fighting since September, which brought annual fatalities to a four-year high and triggered a fresh wave of internal displacement. Furthermore, the Middle East conflict has spilled over Syria's borders, marked by repeated Israeli airstrikes since October 2023, resulting in fatalities and extensive damage to civilian infrastructure. The report also provides an assessment of the captagon trade in Syria, which may have become the most valuable sector of the country's economy. Syria's protracted economic contraction is forecast to persist in 2024 due to a multitude of challenges stemming from conflicts both within Syria and across the region
    DOI: 10.1596/41599
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  • 75
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    Financially Prepared : The Case for Pre-positioned Finance in European Union Member States and Countries under EU Civil Protection Mechanism (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
    Keywords: Decent Work and Economic Growth ; Drought Management ; Environment ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Finance and Growth ; Financial Intermediation ; Hazard Risk Management ; Life on Land ; National Financial Inclusion Strategies ; Natural Disasters ; Risk Assessment Framework ; SDG 15 ; SDG 8 ; Urban Development ; Water Resources ; Wildfire ; Wildfires Risk Reduction ; Decent Work And Economic Growth ; Finance And Growth ; Life On Land ; National Financial Inclusion Strategies ; Risk Assessment Framework ; Sdg 15 ; Sdg 8 ; Wildfire ; Wildfires Risk Reduction
    Abstract: This report was developed as part of the technical assistance program 'Phase 2 - Economics of Prevention and Preparedness (EDPP) in European Union (EU) Member States (MS) and Countries under EU Civil Protection Mechanism' (UCPM). The report has been prepared for the Directorate-General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations (DG ECHO) and other European Commission (EC) stakeholders. It complements the Phase 1 report that focused on earthquake and flood risk and revealed that losses from these events at the EU level can cost Euro 13-50 billion a year depending on the magnitude of the events. The EDPP Phase 2 considers wildfire and drought hazards and current financing mechanisms and recommends options on how to scale disaster risk financing (DRF) at the national and regional levels. This report aims to inform discussions on the development of effective national and regional risk financing mechanisms by identifying funding gaps for wildfire and drought response. The identification of funding gaps can be used to inform a risk-layering approach, which combines different financial instruments to provide predictable finance when needed. This also includes the identification of additional regional funding to complement national finances
    DOI: 10.1596/41592
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  • 76
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    Haiti : Strengthening Customs Administration in an Insecure Environment (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Keywords: Customs and Border Management ; Law and Development ; Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ; Public Sector Development ; SDG 16 ; Tax and Revenue Policy and Administration ; Tax Law ; Customs And Border Management ; Peace, Justice And Strong Institutions ; Sdg 16 ; Tax And Revenue Policy And Administration
    Abstract: This report is motivated by three primary factors. First, customs administrations tend to continue to operate in crisis situations, contrary to other government services. Moreover, customs taxation is the simplest tax instrument to enforce during security crisis periods because it concerns traded goods, which are easier to tax than individuals or companies. Tax revenues in Haiti are low at 6.3 percent of GDP in FY23 and insufficient to provide adequate public services. As such, customs is the single largest source of domestic revenue and leakage in customs revenues is significant. Second, as noted, strengthened customs practices and applications have the potential to significantly strengthen the legitimacy of the State and build greater trust between the government and the citizenry, including better controlling transborder criminal activity. AGD has a high profile, and corruption, unfair treatment, and perceived ineffectiveness in the administration of customs practices is viewed as highly problematic by the citizenry. Third, the current insecure environment in Haiti, including the increasing gang presence and resultant personal security concerns, presents significant constraints and challenges in carrying out basic customs services and practices, not to mention meaningful reforms. AGD could benefit from lessons learned in other fragile, conflict-affected, and vulnerable settings (FCV) and better adapt to the current insecure environment
    DOI: 10.1596/41581
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    The Global Acquabusiness Investment Guide : A Living Framework to Guide Sustainable Development in the World's Fastest Growing Food Sector Summer 2024 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Aquaculture Study
    Keywords: Agriculture ; Ecosystem Management ; Environment ; Fisheries and Aquaculture ; Fisheries Law ; Fishing Industry ; Life Below Water ; Marine Protected Areas ; Marine Solid Waster Debris ; SDG 14 ; Water Resources ; Water Resources Management ; Ecosystem Management ; Fisheries Law ; Life Below Water ; Marine Protected Areas ; Marine Solid Waster Debris ; Sdg 14
    Abstract: The global aquaculture industry has seen considerable expansion in recent years, driven by rising consumer needs, a lack of growth from capture fisheries, progress in production technologies, and augmented investments from both private sector and governmental bodies. Presently, aquaculture is the world's fastest growing food sector and is anticipated to outgrow capture fisheries by 2027. Sustaining this growth will require continued industry support. Recognising this, the World Bank Group (WBG) has established a Global Aquabusiness Investment Advisory Platform (AquaInvest Platform) that aims to develop and disseminate best practices in aquabusiness development, with a view to ensuring economic prosperity, social well-being, and environmental sustainability. By nurturing innovation and collaboration, the AquaInvest Platform seeks to empower aquaculture practitioners, investors and governments to meet the challenges posed by stagnating fisheries production and the increasing demand for food from a rapidly growing human population. The guide describes the necessary requirements and enabling factors that need to be in place to stimulate aquaculture investment and business growth that is socially, environmentally, and economically sustainable. The guide is global in their geographic scope, and applies to all major aquaculture species groups, production systems and production scales
    DOI: 10.1596/41579
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    Health Financial Sustainability and Resilience Assessment Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Keywords: Access To Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Sustainability ; Health ; Health Policy and Management ; Health Services ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; HFSRA ; SDG 3 ; Financial Sustainability ; Health ; Health Services ; Hfsra ; Sdg 3
    Abstract: This report presents the results of adapting and applying the Health Financing Sustainability and Resilience Assessment (HFSRA) framework to the Mexican context to identify valuable lessons that can be useful for contextualizing the use of HFSRA to the needs of other countries. The framework assesses health financing based on four core concepts: sufficiency, sustainability, resilience, and efficiency. For the HFSRA case study in Mexico, sufficiency is the main focus, with resilience and sustainability adding a time dimension to the analysis
    DOI: 10.1596/41566
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  • 79
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    FY 2024 Somalia Country Opinion Survey Report (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Country Opinion Surveys
    Keywords: Country Social Analysis ; Data-Driven City Management ; Governance ; ICT Data and Statistics ; Information and Communication Technologies ; International Governmental Organizations ; Partnership For The Goals ; Public Sector Survey Design ; SDG 17 ; Country Social Analysis ; Data-driven City Management ; Partnership For The Goals ; Public Sector Survey Design ; Sdg 17
    Abstract: The Country Opinion Survey in Somalia assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Somalia perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil society in Somalia on 1) their views regarding the general environment in Somalia; 2) their overall attitudes toward the WBG in Somalia; 3) overall impressions of the WBG's effectiveness and results, knowledge work and activities, and communication and information sharing in Somalia; and 4) their perceptions of the WBG's future role in Somalia
    DOI: 10.1596/41563
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  • 80
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    Innovation Policy Learning from Korea : The Case of Monitoring and Evaluation (M and E) (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Education Study
    Keywords: Capacity and Resources ; Data and Methods ; Governance ; Innovation ; M and E ; Monitoring and Evaluation ; Science and Technology Development ; Capacity And Resources ; Data And Methods ; Governance ; Innovation ; M&e ; Monitoring And Evaluation
    Abstract: Monitoring and Evaluation (M and E) is considered a necessary function of modern management systems, given that it addresses the requirements of accountability on one hand and the need to determine the results of implemented policies and learning outcomes on the other. In the field of innovation policy, M and E is particularly critical to enable policy learning and adaptation policy learning and adaption given the uncertain nature of innovation processes and outcomes. M and E of innovation policy interventions tends to be complex owing to a range of issues on both the governance and technical levels. The Korea experience presents an innovation policy M and E mechanism that has kept learning, evolving, and adapting to increasingly sophisticated policy practices and that, over the decades, has responded dynamically to the needs of business innovation in the country. The analysis demonstrates that Korea is a practical example for developing countries not only because of how successfully it has managed to achieve certain M and E objectives but also because of its "imperfection" and how it operated in a reality with limitations and constraints. The review of Korea's experience and international practices offer useful takeaways for developing countries on how to address the M and E challenges, especially those in governance and in capacity and resources
    DOI: 10.1596/41542
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    Guinea-Bissau Economic Update, Spring 2024 : Retiring the Fiscal Risk (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Economic Forecasting ; Economic Growth ; Fiscal Policy ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Pensions ; Poverty ; Poverty Reduction ; Public Debt ; Real Sector ; SDG 1 ; Fiscal Policy ; Pensions ; Poverty ; Public Debt ; Real Sector ; Sdg 1
    Abstract: The Guinea-Bissau Economic Update monitors significant recent economic developments in the country, highlighting the key structural challenges Guinea-Bissau faces in its pursuit of inclusive and sustained growth
    DOI: 10.1596/41539
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  • 82
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    The Knowledge Compact for Action : Transforming Ideas Into Development Impact - For a World Free of Poverty on a Livable Planet (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Climate Change Impacts ; Communicable Diseases ; Environment ; Governance ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; ICT Applications ; Inequality ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Innovation and Infrastructure ; International Governmental Organizations ; No Poverty ; Partnership For The Goals ; Poverty Reduction ; SDG 1 ; SDG 17 ; SDG 9 ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Technology and Innovation ; Industry, Innovation And Infrastructure ; No Poverty ; Partnership For The Goals ; Sdg 1 ; Sdg 17 ; Sdg 9 ; Sustainable Development Goals ; Technology And Innovation
    Abstract: Today's global challenges are bigger, more complex, and more intertwined than ever before, from the relentless grip of poverty and stubborn persistence of inequality to the devastations caused by climate disasters, fragility, pandemics, and conflicts. Financing and investments alone cannot solve these problems in a global context of higher debt and scarce resources. Now more than ever, clients are demanding innovative ideas and successful experiences from other countries to tackle the ongoing and emerging global crises, regain the development progress of past decades and move faster towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. At the same time, recent breakthroughs in technology, including the rapid advances in artificial intelligence, offer enormous potential to revolutionize development work. Policymakers and practitioners across the globe are poised to benefit from new tools to innovate, act based on evidence and accelerate the transformation of new ideas into development outcomes that improve lives of the poor. This paper articulates the strategic direction of the Knowledge Compact for Action, which seeks to empower all WBG clients, public and private, by systematically making the latest development knowledge available to respond more effectively to increasingly complex development challenges. The Compact seizes the opportunity of the digital revolution, bringing together the wealth of data analytics, research and best practices accumulated by the WBG over decades and combining this knowledge with the WBG's proven mix of public-private finance to power learning and innovative solutions. This includes capturing the tacit knowledge embedded in operations for policymakers and development practitioners to easily access lessons of development successes and failures in other countries. Ultimately, the Compact aims to take knowledge to a new level, placing it front and center of the WBG's work to end extreme poverty and boost shared prosperity on a livable planet
    DOI: 10.1596/41516
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  • 83
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    Estonia - State of the public service : Evidence from a Survey of Public Officials: Key findings from an empirical study (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Public Sector Study
    Keywords: Good Health and Well-Being ; Governance ; Health Service Management and Delivery ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Local Governance ; Local Government ; Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions ; Public Health ; SDG 16 ; SDG 3 ; Good Health And Well-being ; Local Governance ; Peace, Justice And Strong Institutions ; Public Health ; Sdg 16 ; Sdg 3
    Abstract: Administrative divisions extend beyond mere map boundaries as they significantly impact people's lives, influencing the availability and quality of public goods such as green spaces, transportation, waste management, and education. Local governance affects individuals from an early age, managing kindergartens, schools, playgrounds, and later, household utilities, cultural and sports facilities, public health, and care for the elderly. The European Commission recognizes the significant variation in services provided by local governments in Estonia, emphasizing the importance of understanding local government (LG) administrative practices to improve governance and enhance service delivery through targeted interventions
    DOI: 10.1596/41486
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  • 84
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    Dominican Republic : Climate Migrants (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Keywords: Climate Action ; Communities and Human Settlements ; Environment ; Environment and Natural Resource Management ; Life on Land ; Migration ; Migration Policies and Jobs ; SDG 13 ; SDG 15 ; Climate Action ; Environment And Natural Resource Management ; Life On Land ; Migration ; Migration Policies And Jobs ; Sdg 13 ; Sdg 15
    Abstract: The Dominican Republic (DR) is vulnerable to climate change and has a high rate of natural degradation. The DR shows evidence of significant human mobility flows of (i) internal migration, mainly rural to urban; and (ii) international cross-border migration, especially from Haiti. Given this context, the DR is an important place to study migration induced by the impacts of climate change and natural degradation. In this report, climate migration refers to migration that can be attributed largely to the slow-onset impacts of climate change on livelihoods through natural degradation such us shifts in water availability, crop productivity, ecosystem productivity, or to factors such as sea-level rise. This note builds upon previous studies undertaken regarding climate migration in the DR, and combines a quantitative modeling approach with a qualitative case study
    DOI: 10.1596/41473
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    Taking Stock April 2024 : Promoting Innovative Entrepreneurship (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Economic Updates and Modeling
    Keywords: Economic Growth ; Fiscal Measures ; Innovative Entrepreneurship ; Labor Market ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Real and Intellectual Property Law ; SDG 8 ; Social Protections and Labor ; Tax Law ; Economic Growth ; Fiscal Measures ; Innovative Entrepreneurship ; Labor Market ; Sdg 8
    Abstract: Viet Nam's economy slowed sharply in 2023, with three key drivers of growth -- exports, consumption, and private domestic investment -- is losing momentum. On the production side, the slowdown was led by industrial production. In the first quarter of 2024, the economy registered 5.66 percent (y/y) growth, mostly driven by the low base effect in exports, with consumption and investment recovering more gradually. Employment growth slowed and real average monthly incomes stagnated. Viet Nam's external position improved in 2023, underpinned by a large current account surplus. Viet Nam needs to increase domestic private sector productivity to realize its ambitious target of becoming a high-income country by 2045, and innovative entrepreneurship is essential to drive this growth. Improving the conditions for entry and growth of innovative startups, through development of a conducive entrepreneurial ecosystem, can help build a pipeline of highly productive firms in new and established sectors
    DOI: 10.1596/41463
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  • 86
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    Compendium of International and National Legal Frameworks on Female Genital Mutilation, Eighth Edition (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Law and Justice Study
    Keywords: Discrimination ; Female ; Finance and Development ; Gender ; Genital Mutilation ; Human Rights ; Law and Development ; Violence Against Women ; Women's Rights ; Discrimination ; Female ; Gender Equality ; Genital Mutilation ; Human Rights ; Sdg 5 ; Violence Against Women ; Women's Rights
    Abstract: In 2012 and in 2018, the United Nations General Assembly adopted resolutions urging the international community to intensify global efforts to eliminate female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C). It also called upon "States, the United Nations system, civil society and all stakeholders to continue to observe 6 February as the International Day of Zero Tolerance for FGM/C and to use the day to enhance awareness raising campaigns and to take concrete actions against female genital mutilations". FGM/C is an extreme type of violence against women and girls which impairs their development potential and impacts the societies in which they live and work, their children, their families and ultimately their countries. FGM/C also undermines the World Bank's efforts to end extreme poverty and boost shared prosperity. Women and girls affected by FGM/C may not be able to reach their full personal, productive and professional potential. FGM/C causes a large number of physical and psychological problems and complications and can even lead to death. It imposes unnecessary suffering and prolonged pain. The international community recognized that FGM/C is an important development challenge that affects more than 200 million women and girls in the world. Sustainable Development Goal 5 (SDG 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls) includes a target on eliminating all harmful practices against women, such as female genital mutilation by 2030 (target 5.3). This eighth edition describes the international and regional instruments that address FGM/C as well as the national legislations adopted to outlaw FGM/C. This is a practical online tool to empower those fighting FGM/C
    DOI: 10.1596/41434
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    Macro Poverty Outlook - Country by Country Analysis and Projections for the Developing World : Spring Meetings 2024 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Poverty Study
    Keywords: Economic Growth ; Environment ; Inflation ; Macroeconomic Analysis of Economic Development ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; No Poverty ; Poverty and Climate Change ; Poverty Diagnostics ; Poverty Measurement ; Poverty Reduction ; SDG ; Sustainanble Development Goals ; Macroeconomic Analysis Of Economic Development ; No Poverty ; Poverty And Climate Change ; Poverty Measurement ; Poverty Reduction ; Sdg 1
    Abstract: This edition of the Macro Poverty Outlooks periodical contains country-by-country forecasts and overviews for GDP, fiscal, debt and poverty indicators for the developing countries of the Middle East and North Africa region. Macroeconomic indicators such as population, gross domestic product and gross domestic product per capita, and where available, other indicators such as primary school enrollment, life expectancy at birth, total greenhouse gas emissions and inflation, among others, are included for each country. In addition to the World Bank's most recent forecasts, key conditions and challenges, recent developments and outlook are briefly described for each country in the region
    DOI: 10.1596/41425
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    Sub-Saharan Africa - Macro Poverty Outlook Country-by-Country Analysis and Projections for the Developing World : Spring Meetings 2024 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Poverty Study
    Keywords: Climate Change ; Economic Development ; Economic Growth ; Environment ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Macroeconomics ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; No Poverty ; Poverty ; Poverty Diagnostics ; Poverty Reduction ; SDG 1 ; Climate Change ; Economic Development ; Macroeconomics ; No Poverty ; Poverty ; Sdg 1
    Abstract: This edition of the Macro Poverty Outlooks periodical contains country-by-country forecasts and overviews for GDP, fiscal, debt and poverty indicators for the developing countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. Macroeconomic indicators such as population, gross domestic product and gross domestic product per capita, and where available, other indicators such as primary school enrollment, life expectancy at birth, total greenhouse gas emissions and inflation, among others, are included for each country. In addition to the World Bank's most recent forecasts, key conditions and challenges, recent developments and outlook are briefly described for each country in the region
    DOI: 10.1596/41423
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  • 89
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    Burkina Faso : Agro-Silvo-Pastoral Sector Public Expenditure Review (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Public Expenditure Review
    Keywords: Agribusiness ; Agricultural Finance ; Agriculture ; Gender and Economic Policy ; Gender and Social Policy ; Quality of Employment ; Social Conflict and Violence ; Social Protections and Labor ; Agribusiness ; Agricultural Finance ; Quality Of Employment
    Abstract: In Burkina Faso, agriculture is the primary source of employment for the population, but it faces challenges due to low productivity and poor water management, exacerbated by the adverse effects of climate change. Increases in grain production have been achieved through the expansion of cultivated areas, thereby putting significant pressure on natural resources. At the policy level, agriculture has been identified as a priority sector for the transformation of Burkina Faso's economic structure as outlined in the Second National Plan for Economic and Social Development (PNDES II). At the institutional and organizational level, the implementation of the program budgeting since 2017, shifting from funds-based budgeting to outcome-based budgeting, aims at enhancing the efficiency of public expenditure by focusing on outcomes. The structure of the program budgeting includes more than twenty distinct budget programs. This large number of budget programs poses challenges in terms of coordination, optimization, and capitalization of public action in favor of the agricultural sector. In this context, the World Bank undertakes this third agriculture public expenditure review to help the Government of Burkina Faso produce evidence on the structure of public expenditures. In addition to the classic analysis of the efficiency of expenditure allocation, the efficiency of budget execution, as well as coordination, monitoring and evaluation, and accountability mechanisms in the sector, the report will examine the incidence and impact of public expenditures by analyzing four specific cases: (i) input subsidies, (ii) hydro-agricultural facilities and irrigation; (iii) agricultural finance, and (iv) expenditures allocated to forestry and natural resources
    DOI: 10.1596/41419
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  • 90
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    Local Governments Climate Finance Instruments : Global Experiences and Prospects in Developing Countries (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other ESW Reports
    Keywords: Agribusiness ; Climate Finance ; Forestry Management ; Governance ; Local Governance ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Climate Finance ; Local Governance
    Abstract: Local governments--especially cities and municipalities--in developing countries will be at the forefront of confronting and mitigating the impacts of climate change, and they need substantial financing to address this challenge. However, they often lack the fiscal resources for such investments. To address this financing gap, they will need to utilize a variety of financing sources and instruments. This joint publication of the World Bank and the UN Capital Development Fund aims to help cities and local governments better understand the various climate finance instruments and sources available to them, including intergovernmental fiscal transfers, own-source revenues, municipal borrowing (loans and bonds), public-private partnerships and credit-enhancement instruments such as guarantees. It provides information on each of these instruments - organized in a conceptual framework -- and highlights international experience and 18 case studies on their use from around the world. The report also recommends various actions that cities, local and national governments and development partners can take to increase access to these instruments to help meet climate investment needs in cities
    DOI: 10.1596/41417
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  • 91
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    Charting Croatia's Blue Economy Pathways (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Keywords: Blue Economy ; Employment and Unemployment ; Environment ; Industrial Management ; Labor Markets ; Maritime Space ; Natural Capital ; Sustainable Growth ; Blue Economy ; Maritime Space ; Natural Capital ; Sustainable Growth
    Abstract: With an accessible and attractive coastline of untouched natural splendor, Adriatic Croatia is a strategic driver of national economic development. It boasts rich cultural heritage and biodiversity and abundant coastal and marine resources providing the country with high socioeconomic value. A decade of strong growth of maritime tourism has fueled stable economic development in the coastal zone. Despite this progress, Adriatic Croatia faces multiple environmental challenges stemming from anthropogenic pressures and climate change. Negative impacts from over-tourism, urbanization, and pollution underline the urgency of adopting a sustainable maritime economy approach. The demographic decline and the lack of economic diversification could diminish future economic opportunities of Adriatic Croatia to grow sustainably and provide new jobs. The emerging challenges call for close attention in the context of the national development goals, sustainable development commitments and Croatia's aspiration to achieve blue growth. This report discusses the concept of blue economy while trying to understand and define the impacts of current challenges on the Republic of Croatia's transition to blue economy
    DOI: 10.1596/41409
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    Island Insights : Surging Seas and Increasing Rains -- Analyzing Flood Risks in Sao Tome and Principe, District by District (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Environmental Study
    Keywords: Capital Markets and Capital Flows ; Climate Change ; Environment ; Environment and Natural Resource Management ; Rural Development ; Urban Development ; Climate Change ; Environment And Natural Resource Management ; Rural Development ; Urban Development
    Abstract: This study's aim was to assess the growing flood risk Sao Tome and Principe (STP) faces due to climate change. It achieved this by carrying out a nationwide risk assessment for riverine and coastal flooding. The study used recently completed high-resolution national flood hazard data for the present climate (2020) and two projected climates (in 2050 and 2080), based on the climate scenario Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP)3-7.0, a medium to high reference scenario resulting from no additional climate policy under the SSP3 socioeconomic development narrative. This flood risk assessment examines the potential impacts and risks to people, buildings, healthcare facilities, the education sector, and tourism under both present and future climate conditions. It shows that flood risk is driven frequent flood events. There is a significant increase of flood risk under future climate conditions
    DOI: 10.1596/41407
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 93
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    The Critical Link : Empowering Utilities for the Energy Transition (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Energy Study
    Keywords: Electric Power ; Electricity ; Energy ; Energy Transition ; Renewable Energy ; SDG 12 ; Sustainable Utilities ; Utilities ; Electricity ; Energy Transition ; Sdg 12 ; Sustainable Utilities
    Abstract: As the conduit between power demand and supply, the utilities that operate the world's transmission and distribution networks will be the critical link in the energy transition. Utilities will need to expand and modernize their networks to integrate variable renewable energy sources and meet growing demands for cleaner and more flexible power. According to the International Energy Association (IEA), the equivalent of the entire length of the world's grid networks will need to be added or refurbished by 2040 if countries are to achieve their energy and climate goals: As the off-takers of power generation, utilities need to be financially viable to enable the coming massive scale-up of investment in renewable energy projects and grid infrastructure. Utilities will also need to lead the way in providing access to electricity to the nearly 700 million people who still lack it today, mainly in Sub-Saharan Africa. In addition, utilities will need to serve consumers with ever-more varied and complex power needs and an increasing range of distributed generation options, such as rooftop solar. In short, power utilities will be the critical enablers of the energy transition and achieving universal access. This paper aims to place the need for sustainable utilities in lower-income countries (LICs) and middle-income countries (MICs) at the heart of the energy sector dialogue. The focus of this paper is on the utilities that manage power transmission or distribution grids
    DOI: 10.1596/41618
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 94
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    Empowering Bangladesh's Youth through Adolescent Health : Policy Brief (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Keywords: Adolescent Girls ; Economic Growth ; Family Planning ; Gender ; Gender Equality ; Good Health and Well-Being ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Labor Markets ; Reproductive Health ; SDG 3 ; SDG 5 ; Adolescent Girls ; Family Planning ; Gender Equality ; Good Health And Well-being ; Reproductive Health ; Sdg 3 ; Sdg 5
    Abstract: Adolescence is a dynamic period of biological development and social change, and also a period when adolescent girls are at risk of school dropout, early marriage, pregnancy, and gender-based violence. Adolescents have the highest unmet need for family planning in Bangladesh, and married adolescents have a significantly lower contraceptive prevalence rate than other age groups, leading to a high adolescent fertility rate. The Government of Bangladesh developed a national strategy for adolescent health 2017-2030 and a costed action plan to improve adolescent health, including sexual and reproductive health. The Strategy addresses overall health needs of adolescents, including menstrual hygiene management, prevention of violence and mental health. The Government of Bangladesh is currently implementing the 4th Health, Population and Nutrition Sector Program which includes support for a school-based adolescent health and nutrition program. Furthermore, programme implementers often work in silos and focus on single platforms, id est at the health facility, school, or community levels. Presently adolescents receive sexual and reproductive health information and services largely from private sector providers with variable quality
    DOI: 10.1596/41460
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 95
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    Access to Land in South Asia : The World Bank Guidance Note (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Urban Study
    Keywords: Affordable and Clean Energy ; Economic Policy, Institutions and Governance ; Energy ; Environment ; Environment and Natural Resource Management ; Industrial Management ; Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure ; Infrastructure Economics and Finance ; Land Assets ; Life on Land ; Rural Development ; SDG 11 ; SDG 15 ; SDG 7 ; SDG 9 ; Sustainable Cities and Communities ; Urban Development ; Affordable And Clean Energy ; Environment And Natural Resource Management ; Industry, Innovation And Infrastructure ; Land Assets ; Life On Land ; Rural Development ; Sdg 11 ; Sdg 15 ; Sdg 7 ; Sdg 9 ; Sustainable Cities And Communities ; Urban Development
    Abstract: This Guidance Note represents a call to action, dedicated to enhancing access to land and unlocking the full potential of land assets for urban and infrastructure development, as well as renewable energy investments. It not only underscores the importance of improving land access but also highlights the pathways towards leveraging land assets, creating value, and capturing its dividends
    DOI: 10.1596/41452
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 96
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    Climate and Health Vulnerability Assessment for Ghana (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Health Study
    Keywords: CHVA ; Climate Change ; Climate Change Adaptation ; Environment ; Finance and Development ; Health Risks ; Health, Nutrition and Population ; Vulnerability ; Chva ; Climate Change ; Climate Change Adaptation ; Health Risks ; Vulnerability
    Abstract: Due to global warming, the climate in most regions, especially Africa, is predicted to become more variable, and extreme weather events are expected to be more frequent and severe. These include increasing risks of droughts, flooding, and inundation due to sea-level rise in the continent's coastal areas, potentially reducing economic prospects and national development. It will be imperative for countries to mitigate and adapt to these changing climatic conditions. To succeed, the potential impacts of climate change and variability must be identified along with the country's capacity to adapt and the means to overcome barriers to successful adaptation. This climate and health vulnerability assessment (CHVA) aims to assist decision-makers in Ghana with planning effective adaptation measures to deal with climate-related health risks. The report identifies the impact of climate risks on health and health systems, the adaptive capacities in place to deal with these risks, and the gaps in the adaptive capacities. It also provides recommendations to close the identified gaps. The report adopts the World Health Organization's (WHO) operational framework for building climate-resilient health systems to analyze Ghana's adaptive capacity to adequately deal with current and future identified health risks of climate change
    DOI: 10.1596/41437
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 97
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    Europe and Central Asia - Macro Poverty Outlook Country-by-Country Analysis and Projections for the Developing World : Spring Meetings 2024 (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Poverty Study
    Keywords: Debt Indicators ; Developing Countries ; Economic Growth ; Fiscal Indicators ; GDP ; Inflation ; Living Standards ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; No Poverty ; Poverty Indicators ; Poverty Reduction ; Public Sector Development ; SDG 1 ; Debt Indicators ; Developing Countries ; Fiscal Indicators ; Gdp ; No Poverty ; Poverty Indicators ; Sdg 1
    Abstract: This edition of the Macro Poverty Outlooks periodical contains country-by-country forecasts and overviews for GDP, fiscal, debt and poverty indicators for the developing countries of the Europe and Central Asia region. Macroeconomic indicators such as population, gross domestic product and gross domestic product per capita, and where available, other indicators such as primary school enrollment, life expectancy at birth, total greenhouse gas emissions and inflation, among others, are included for each country. In addition to the World Bank's most recent forecasts, key conditions and challenges, recent developments and outlook are briefly described for each country in the region
    DOI: 10.1596/41429
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 98
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    Strengthening Early Childhood Education in the Philippines (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Education Study
    Keywords: Access To Education ; Economic Development ; Economic Forecasting ; Education ; Education Governance ; Inflation ; Public Sector Development ; Access To Education ; Education Governance ; Quality Education
    Abstract: There is a growing body of evidence that demonstrates the benefits of investing in early childhood education (ECE) for human capital development and economic growth, which lays the foundation for cognitive development, socioemotional skills, and lifelong learning. Recognition of the need to expand participation in preschool education in the Philippines is increasing. In response to the increasing demand for ECE, the Philippine Development Plan (PDP) 2023-2028 aims to increase the participation rate in early learning programs of children aged 0 to 4 years from 16 percent to 63 percent by 2028. The current National System for Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) aims to promote the holistic development of children aged 0 to 4 years throughout the country. this report focuses specifically on center-based ECE programs for 3 to 4-year-old children to demonstrate that gaps and opportunities still remain in ECE service provision in this setting and age group. Chapter 1 discusses the early education system in the Philippines. Chapter 2 presents case studies on the implementation of ECE programs at the local government unit (LGU) level. Chapter 3 presents country case studies of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Peru from which the Philippines may derive lessons in ECE implementation. Finally, the report summarizes key findings and policy recommendations submitted for the consideration of the Philippine government
    DOI: 10.1596/41401
    URL: kostenfrei
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  • 99
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    Digital Transformation of the Land Sector in Uganda : A Policy Note (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Policy Notes
    Keywords: Digital Finance ; Digital Government ; Digital Manufacturing ; Digitization ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Natural Resources Management
    Abstract: With only 16 years remaining to achieve Uganda's Vision 2040, the digital transformation of the land sector is critical to accelerating social well-being and economic growth. Uganda has made notable progress on land sector reforms, such as establishing the Uganda National Land Information System (UgNLIS) and piloting an approach for systematic demarcation. However, challenges persist. Low levels of registered properties, cumbersome processes for sporadic land registration, and incomplete support systems to enable data transparency and accessibility, all contribute to the persistently limited digitalization. These challenges are compounded by population growth and internal migration, which drive complex, competing demands for land and are likely to increase the prevalence of land-related conflicts in the future. Digital transformation can unlock Uganda's land sector by accelerating systematic demarcation, enabling maintenance of the land registry and helping to establish supporting systems for data transparency and informed decision-making. This note offers key recommendations to update the legal and policy framework for the land sector; standardize, digitalize, and scale the registration of land rights, and; advance establishment of National Spatial Data Infrastructure
    DOI: 10.1596/41388
    URL: Deutschlandweit zugänglich
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  • 100
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    LAC Digital Economy : Country Diagnostics: Jamaica (2024)
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Other Infrastructure Study
    Keywords: Digital Divide ; Digital Finance ; Digitalization ; ICT Applications ; Information and Communication Technologies ; Information Technology ; Digital Finance ; Digitalization
    Abstract: Jamaica's progress in digital transformation is paving the way for a foundational change in how the economy and society operate and create value. This report serves as input to guide Jamaica's digital transformation strategy, in line with the country's aspirations and its Vision 2030 National Development Plan. The report is based on the World Bank's Digital Economy Assessment methodology, which analyzes the digital economy across six pillars: digital infrastructure, digital public platforms, digital financial services, digital businesses, digital skills, and trust environment. It examines the current state of Jamaica's digital ecosystem, including its strengths and weaknesses, and outlines a set of priority actions for the GOJ to accelerate its digital transformation. The report also provides a comprehensive set of recommendations that the GOJ may consider incorporating into its short- and medium-term policy and budget planning cycles to leverage digital technologies across the six pillars outlined above. Although the implementation of some of the recommendations entails new legislation or regulation, many actions can be pursued without legal changes. The report organizes the findings of the six pillars into three main digital economy work streams that have an impact on the overall economy or that can be implemented across different sectors: the digital economy enabling environment, digital public infrastructure and platforms, and digital skills and technology adoption
    DOI: 10.1596/41387
    URL: kostenfrei
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