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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bielefeld : transcript Verlag | The Hague : OAPEN FOUNDATION
    ISBN: 9783839418451 , 9783837618457
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (344 p.)
    Series Statement: X-Texte zu Kultur und Gesellschaft
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    Keywords: Bonhoeffer, Dietrich ; Lebensmittelproduktion ; Welternährung ; Nahrung ; Sozialpolitik ; Lebensmittelversorgung ; Nahrungsmangel ; Soziale Bewegung ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Soziale Gerechtigkeit ; Ernährung ; Ethik ; Food & society ; Ethics & moral philosophy ; Ernährung ; Nahrung ; Gerechtigkeit ; Klima ; Stadtleben ; Welthunger ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Gastrosophie ; Peter Singer ; Politik ; Ethik ; Globalisierung ; Esskultur ; Konsumethik ; Politische Philosophie ; Philosophie ; Sustainability ; Politics ; Ethics ; Globalization ; Food Studies ; Ethics of Consumption ; Political Philosophy ; Philosophy
    Abstract: Nahrungskrisen, Hungerunruhen, ungerechter Welthandel, Lebensmittelskandale, Fastfood und Fettsucht - das Unbehagen in der globalen Esskultur wächst täglich und überall. Und immer mehr Menschen haben diese Verhältnisse offenbar satt. Harald Lemke beleuchtet zentrale Welt- und Selbstbezüge des Essens, die mit zeitgenössischen Fragen des Politischen in Verbindung stehen. Dabei zeigt er: Ob der Welthunger oder die Klimagerechtigkeit, ob der soziale Kampf um Ernährungssouveränität oder das Recht auf Städte aus Gemüsegärten - die Zukunft der Menschheit hängt ganz entscheidend vom gesellschaftlichen Umgang mit der Nahrungsfrage ab.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400721968
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 241p, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 112
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Mazur, Grzegorz, 1977 - Informed consent, proxy consent, and catholic bioethics
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    Keywords: Medicine ; Comparative law ; Medicine & Public Health ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Public health laws ; Medicine ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Comparative law ; Public health laws ; Informed Consent ; Bioethics ; Catholicism ; Proxy ; Human experimentation in medicine ; Moral and ethical aspects ; Informed consent (Medical law) ; Proxy ; Bioethics ; Religious aspects ; Catholic Church ; Bioethik ; Gentherapie ; Moraltheologie ; Selbstbestimmung ; Bioethik ; Gentherapie ; Moraltheologie ; Selbstbestimmung
    Abstract: This work offers a comprehensive understanding rooted in Catholic anthropology and moral theory of the meaning and limits of informed and proxy consent to experimentation on human subjects. In particular, it seeks to articulate the rationale for proxy consent in both therapeutic and nontherapeutic settings. As to the former, the book proposes that the Golden Rule, recognizing the basic inclinations of human nature toward objective goods perfective of human persons, should underpin the notion of proxy consent to experimentation on humans. As to the latter, an additional scrutiny of the amount of risk involved is necessary, since the risk-benefit ratio frequently invoked to justify higher-risk therapeutic research does not exist in its nontherapeutic counterpart. This study discusses a number of possible solutions to this question and develops a position that builds upon the objective notion of the human good
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword; Introduction; Contents; Abbreviations; 1 The Historical Development of the Principle of Free and Informed Consent; 1.1 Debate on the Origin of the Principle of Free and Informed Consent in Medical and Research Practices; 1.2 The Roots of the Principle of Free and Informed Consent in the Catholic Tradition Prior to World War II; 1.2.1 An Early Claim for Free and Informed Consent; 1.2.2 The Principle of Superiority of Persons over the Interests of Science and Society; 2 The Articulation of the Principle of Free and Informed Consent in Human-Rights Documents; 2.1 The Nuremberg Code
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1.1 Historical and Ethical Background of the Nuremberg Code2.1.2 Content of the Nuremberg Code; 2.1.3 Influence of the Nuremberg Code on International and U.S. Regulations; 2.2 Declaration of Helsinki; 2.2.1 Helsinki I; 2.2.2 Helsinki II; 2.2.3 Helsinki III, IV and V; 2.2.4 Helsinki VIand Notes of Clarification; 2.3 CIOMS/WHO International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects; 2.3.1 Brief Historical and Cultural Introduction to the Guidelines; 2.3.2 Content of the Guidelines; 2.3.2.1 Competence of the Subject; 2.3.2.2 Disclosure of "Necessary Information"
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.2.3 Understanding on the Part of the Subject2.3.2.4 Free Decision; 2.4 The Belmont Report; 2.4.1 Belmont's Origins; 2.4.2 Belmont's Three Principles; 2.4.2.1 The Principle of Respect for Persons; 2.4.2.2 The Principle of Beneficence; 2.4.2.3 The Principle of Justice; 2.4.3 Informed Consent and the Three Principles; 2.5 Conclusion; 3 The Major Current Interpretations of the Principle of Free and Informed Consent; 3.1 Relevant Magisterial Teaching; 3.1.1 Charter for Health Care Workers; 3.1.2 The Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services; 3.1.3 Conclusion
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 Relevant Philosophical and Theological Approaches3.2.1 Paul Ramsey; 3.2.2 Edmund Pellegrino and David C.Thomasma; 3.2.3 Ruth Faden, Tom Beauchamp, and James F.Childress; 3.2.4 Germain Grisez; 3.3 Exceptions to Free and Informed Consent; 4 Introduction to the Issue of Proxy Consent; 5 Standards for Proxy Consent in the Therapeutic Situation; 5.1 Standards for Proxy Decision Making; 5.1.1 The Substituted Judgment Standard (SJS); 5.1.1.1 Legal Approach; 5.1.1.2 Ethical Approach; 5.1.1.3 Medical Approach; 5.1.2 The Pure Autonomy Standard (PAS); 5.1.3 The Best Interests Standard (BIS)
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.2 Major Issues6 Critique of Proxy Consent Standards; 6.1 Status of the Principle of Autonomy; 6.2 Autonomy as Pure Self-Determination; 6.2.1 Anthropological Consequences; 6.2.2 Autonomy and the Theory of the Good; 6.2.3 Autonomy and Intrinsic Goodness; 6.3 Autonomy vs. Beneficence; 7 The Golden Rule and Proxy Decision Making; 7.1 In Search of a Rationale; 7.2 Golden Rule, Reason and Virtue; 7.3 The Golden Rule, Friendship, and Christian Revelation; 8 Preliminary Considerations on Proxy Consent in the Nontherapeutic Situation; 8.1 Nontherapeutic Research and Basic Research Taxonomy
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.1.1 Basic vs. Clinical Research
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400721937
    Language: English
    Pages: ix, 183 p.
    Series Statement: Library of ethics and applied philosophy v. 28
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    Keywords: Virtues ; Ethics ; Electronic books
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 4
    ISBN: 9783839418451
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (335 Seiten)
    Series Statement: X-Texte zu Kultur und Gesellschaft
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 178
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    Keywords: Ethik ; Philosophie ; Gerechtigkeit ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Politik ; Globalisierung ; Klima ; Globalization ; Ethics ; Nahrung ; Peter Singer ; Welthunger ; Politische Philosophie ; Stadtleben ; Politics ; Sustainability ; Philosophy ; Esskultur ; Food Studies ; Political Philosophy ; Gastrosophie ; Konsumethik ; Ethics of Consumption ; Soziale Gerechtigkeit ; Lebensmittelproduktion ; Ernährung ; Ethik ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Lebensmittelproduktion ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Soziale Gerechtigkeit ; Ernährung ; Ethik
    Abstract: Nahrungskrisen, Hungerunruhen, ungerechter Welthandel, Lebensmittelskandale, Fastfood und Fettsucht - das Unbehagen in der globalen Esskultur wächst täglich und überall. Und immer mehr Menschen haben diese Verhältnisse offenbar satt. Harald Lemke beleuchtet zentrale Welt- und Selbstbezüge des Essens, die mit zeitgenössischen Fragen des Politischen in Verbindung stehen. Dabei zeigt er: Ob der Welthunger oder die Klimagerechtigkeit, ob der soziale Kampf um Ernährungssouveränität oder das Recht auf Städte aus Gemüsegärten - die Zukunft der Menschheit hängt ganz entscheidend vom gesellschaftlichen Umgang mit der Nahrungsfrage ab
    Abstract: Food crises, hunger unrest, unfair global trade, food scandals, fast food, and obesity - the discomfort in global food culture is growing daily, everywhere. And more and more people are fed up with this situation.Harald Lemke highlights central world- and self-relations of food that are connected to contemporary political questions.He demonstrates: Be it world hunger or climate justice, be it the social struggle for food sovereignty or the right to cities of vegetable gardens - the future of mankind crucially depends on the societal treatment of the food question.Review»The value of this important book is that it conveys essential basics, unites them in a coherent philosophy, and [...] offers practical solutions.«Lothar Kolmer, Epikur - Journal für Gastrosophie»[The book] offers an important contribution to a philosophical discussion and takes an unequivocal stand to agriculture that benefits the farmer and - with that - all food-consuming people.«Thomas Gröbly, Kultur und Politik»Lemke starts his social revolution at the existential need to eat. The advantage of that approach is that he can give specific suggestions for a change of everyday life, that are comprehensible for all.«Jan Achim Richter, Portal für Politikwissenschaft»This book is highly recommended!«Birgit Peuker, Gen-ethischer Informationsdienst»Exciting and inspiring reading material.«Johanna Heim, Epikur - Journal für Gastrosophie»A style of writing that makes it easy to read and understand.«Reinhild Khan, ekz bibliotheksservice
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400722446 , 1283456524 , 9781283456524
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 200p, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 100
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Bioethics critically reconsidered
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Bioethics ; Bioethics ; Political aspects ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Bioethik
    Abstract: Bioethics developed as an academic and clinical discipline during the later part of the 20th century due to a variety of factors. Crucial to this development was the increased secularization of American culture as well as the dissolution of medicine as a quasi-guild with its own professional ethics. In the context of this moral vacuum, bioethics came into existence. Its raison d'etre was opposition to the alleged paternalism of the medical community and traditional moral frameworks, yet at the same time it set itself up as a source of moral authority with respect to biomedical decision making
    Abstract: Bioethics developed as an academic and clinical discipline during the later part of the 20th century due to a variety of factors. Crucial to this development was the increased secularization of American culture as well as the dissolution of medicine as a quasi-guild with its own professional ethics. In the context of this moral vacuum, bioethics came into existence. Its raison d'etre was opposition to the alleged paternalism of the medical community and traditional moral frameworks, yet at the same time it set itself up as a source of moral authority with respect to biomedical decision making
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; Contributors; Notes on Contributors; 1 A Skeptical Reassessment of Bioethics; 1.1 What Is Bioethics, After All: Claims for Moral Expertisein the Face of Intractable Moral Pluralism; 1.2 Success in the Face of Foundational Disagreement; 1.3 The History of Bioethics: Four Perspectives; 1.4 The Practice of Bioethics and Clinical EthicsConsultation: Three Views; 1.5 The Incredible Search for Bioethical Professionalism: Some Final Critical Reflections on Circular Thinking; 1.6 Bioethicists for Hire: A Concluding Exploration; Notes; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I History of Bioethics: Four Perspectives2 Beginning Bioethics; 2.1 History; 2.2 Method; 2.3 Philosophy; 2.4 Fetal Research; 2.5 Research Involving Prisoners; 2.6 Research Involving Children; 2.7 The Belmont Report; References; 3 Genesis of a Totalizing Ideology: Bioethics' Inner Hippie; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Escape from Normalcy: "Do Your Own Thing"; 3.3 The Rhetoric of Love: "Make Love, not War"; 3.4 The Politics of Rage: "Stick It to the Man"; 3.5 Conclusion; Notes; References; 4 Bioethics and Professional Medical Ethics: Mapping and Managing an Uneasy Relationship
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.1 Introduction4.2 Bioethics that Deprofessionalized Medical Ethics; 4.3 Bioethics that Embraced Professional Medical Ethics; 4.4 The Invention of Professional Medical Ethics; 4.5 In Defense of a Conservative, Professional Medical Ethics; 4.6 Conclusion; References; 5 Two Rival Understandings of Autonomy, Paternalism, and Bioethical Principlism; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Medical Paternalism and Autonomy in Bioethics; 5.3 Autonomy in Bioethical Principlism; 5.4 Kantian Autonomy: Why the "Free" Choicesof Patients Can Be Heteronomous; 5.5 Kantian Autonomy as a Basis for Medical Paternalism
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.6 ConclusionNotes; References; Part II The Practice of Bioethics and Clinical Ethics Consultation: Three Views; 6 Bioethics as Political Ideology; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 The Public Ideology of Bioethics; 6.2.1 Example I: Human Rights and the Deconstruction of the Family; 6.2.2 Example II: Welfare Entitlements to Health; 6.3 Challenges: Moral, Epistemological, and Political; 6.3.1 Moral and Epistemological Ambiguity; 6.3.2 Strategically Ambiguous Appeals to Consensus; 6.3.3 Rhetorically Shifting the Burden of Proof; 6.4 The Need for a Canonical Moral Anthropology; 6.5 Conclusion; Notes
    Description / Table of Contents: References7 The "s" in Bioethics: Past, Present and Future; 7.1 A Particular Vision of Bioethics: The One; 7.2 The Bioethics Enterprise: The Many; 7.2.1 Disciplinary Differences; 7.2.2 Functional Diversity; 7.2.3 Sub-fields/Sub-specialization; 7.2.4 Religious, Cultural and Moral/Ideological Pluralism; 7.3 The "s" in Bioethics Matters; 7.4 Concluding Remarks; Notes; References; 8 Why Clinical Bioethics So Rarely Gives Morally Normative Guidance; 8.1 Bioethics as a Complex Social Phenomenon; 8.2 The Cultural-Moral Vacuum into which Bioethics Stepped
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.3 The Emergence of Salient Moral and Metaphysical Pluralism
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400742925 , 128099682X , 9781280996825
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 274 p. 4 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 8
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Technology Philosophy ; Social sciences Data processing ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Technology Philosophy ; Social sciences Data processing ; Floridi, Luciano 1964- ; Technikphilosophie
    Abstract: Annotation Information and communication technologies of the 20th century have had a significant impact on our daily lives. They have brought new opportunities as well as new challenges for human development. The Philosopher: Luciano Floridi claims that these new technologies have led to a revolutionary shift in our understanding of humanitys nature and its role in the universe. Florodis philosophical analysis of new technologies leads to a novel metaphysical framework in which our understanding of the ultimate nature of reality shifts from a materialist one to an informational one. In this world, all entities, be they natural or artificial, are analyzed as informational entities. This book provides critical reflection to this idea, in four different areas: Information Ethics and The Method of Levels of Abstraction The Information Revolution and Alternative Categorizations of Technological Advancements Applications: Education, Internet and Information Science Epistemic and Ontic Aspects of the Philosophy of Information
    Abstract: Information and communication technologies of the 20th century have had a significant impact on our daily lives. They have brought new opportunities as well as new challenges for human development. The Philosopher: Luciano Floridi claims that these new technologies have led to a revolutionary shift in our understanding of humanitys nature and its role in the universe. Florodis philosophical analysis of new technologies leads to a novel metaphysical framework in which our understanding of the ultimate nature of reality shifts from a materialist one to an informational one. In this world, all entities, be they natural or artificial, are analyzed as informational entities. This book provides critical reflection to this idea, in four different areas: Information Ethics and The Method of Levels of Abstraction The Information Revolution and Alternative Categorizations of Technological Advancements Applications: Education, Internet and Information Science Epistemic and Ontic Aspects of the Philosophy of Information
    Description / Table of Contents: Luciano Floridi's Philosophy of Technology; Preface; References; Contents; Part I: Information Ethics and the Method of Levels of Abstraction; Chapter 1: Floridi's Information Ethics as Macro-ethics and Info-computational Agent-Based Models; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Info-computationalist Perspective on Some Basic Ideas of Information Ethics; 1.2.1 On the Concept of Levels of Abstraction; 1.2.2 On the Idea of Good in Information Ethics; 1.2.3 On the Artificial Agency and Morality; 1.2.4 IE's Constructive/Generative Nature
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.3 Info-computational Models of Intelligent Agent | Systems - A Pragmatic Approach to Moral Responsibility1.3.1 Ethics and Future Intelligent Agents; 1.4 Moral Responsibility, Classical vs. Pragmatic Approaches; 1.4.1 Classical Approach to Moral Responsibility, Causality and Free Will; 1.4.2 Pragmatic (Functional) Approach to Moral Responsibility; 1.5 Moral Responsibility 7 of Artificial Intelligent Systems; 1.6 Distribution of Responsibilities and Handling of Risks in Technical Systems; 1.7 Computational Modeling and Information Ethics; 1.8 Conclusions; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 2: Artificial Agents, Cloud Computing, and Quantum Computing: Applying Floridi's Method of Levels of Abstraction2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Floridi's Theory; 2.2.1 Levels of Abstraction; 2.3 Artificial Agents; 2.4 Artificial Agents and Mapping Table Processing; 2.5 Cloud Computing; 2.6 Quantum Computing; 2.6.1 Distinguishing Quantum and Classical Approaches to Computation; 2.6.2 Quantum Approaches; 2.6.3 Ethical Concerns; 2.7 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Levels of Abstraction and Morality; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Preliminary Concepts; 3.2.1 Action; 3.2.2 Agency
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2.3 On the Very Idea of Levels of Abstraction3.2.4 Morality; 3.3 LoA 2 and Examples of Systems; 3.4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: The Homo Poieticus and the Bridge Between Physis and Techne; 4.1 Physis and Techne in the Digital Era; 4.2 The Homo Poieticus in the E-nvironment; 4.3 The Homo Poieticus : Technoscientist and Philosopher; 4.3.1 The Technoscientist; 4.3.2 The Philosopher; 4.4 Ethics Meets Epistemology; References; Part II: The Information Revolution and Alternative Categorizations of Technological Advancements
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: In the Beginning Was the Word and Then Four Revolutions in the History of Information5.1 A Running Start; 5.2 Four Revolutions in the History of Information; 5.2.1 The Epigraphic Revolution; 5.2.2 The Printing Revolution; 5.2.3 The Multimedia Revolution; 5.2.4 The Digital Revolution; 5.3 Discussion; 5.3.1 Unifying and Differentiating These Information Revolutions; 5.3.2 Technological, Scienti fi c and Cognitive Co-incidence; 5.3.3 Philosophical Entanglements, or Historically Contextualizing the Philosophy of Information; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 6: I Mean It! (And I Cannot Help It): Cognition and (Semantic) Information
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400738928
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 353p. 59 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: The International Library of Ethics, Law and Technology 11
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Computer science ; Computers Law and legislation ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Computer science ; Computers Law and legislation ; Biometrie
    Abstract: Dimitros Tzovaras
    Abstract: While a sharp debate is emerging about whether conventional biometric technology offers society any significant advantages over other forms of identification, and whether it constitutes a threat to privacy, technology is rapidly progressing. Politicians and the public are still discussing fingerprinting and iris scan, while scientists and engineers are already testing futuristic solutions. Second generation biometrics - which include multimodal biometrics, behavioural biometrics, dynamic face recognition, EEG and ECG biometrics, remote iris recognition, and other, still more astonishing, applications - is a reality which promises to overturn any current ethical standard about human identification. Robots which recognise their masters, CCTV which detects intentions, voice responders which analyse emotions: these are only a few applications in progress to be developed. This book is the first ever published on ethical, social and privacy implications of second generation biometrics. Authors include both distinguished scientists in the biometric field and prominent ethical, privacy and social scholars. This makes this book an invaluable tool for policy makers, technologists, social scientists, privacy authorities involved in biometric policy setting. Moreover it is a precious instrument to update scholars from different disciplines who are interested in biometrics and its wider social, ethical and political implications.
    Description / Table of Contents: Second GenerationBiometrics: The Ethical,Legal and Social Context; Foreword: Privacy Implications of Biometrics; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 From Identity to Identification; 1.2 The Emergence of New Identi fi cation Technologies; 1.3 Biometric Technology; 1.4 Strong, Weak and Soft Biometrics; 1.5 First and Next Generation Biometrics; 1.6 Ethical, Social and Legal Implications; Part I: Foundations and Issues; Chapter 2: Epistemological Foundation of Biometrics; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Biometrics in the History of Science; 2.3 Which Unit of Measurement for Life?
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.1 Biometrics Sensors2.4 From Action to Being; 2.5 Intentionality, Intentions and Emotions; 2.6 Epistemological Issues About Detectability of Intentionality; 2.7 Identity Digitalization; 2.8 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Biometric Recognition: An Overview; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Expectations from Biometrics Technologies; 3.3 First Generation Biometrics; 3.4 Second Generation Biometrics; 3.4.1 Engineering Perspective; 3.4.1.1 Data Acquisition Environment; Improving User Convenience; Improving Data Acquisition Quality; 3.4.1.2 Handling Poor Quality Data
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4.1.3 Biometric System SecurityBiometrics Alteration and Spoof Detection; Template Protection; 3.4.1.4 Large-Scale Applications; 3.4.1.5 Soft Biometrics; 3.4.2 Application Perspective; 3.4.2.1 The Hong Kong Smart ID Card Experience; 3.5 Concluding Remarks; References; Chapter 4: Biometrics, Privacy and Agency; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Legal Principles Governing Personal Data; 4.3 The European Data Protection Framework and Biometrics; 4.4 The Article 29 Data Protection Working Party; 4.5 Data Protection Agencies
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.6 Understanding the Privacy and Data Protection Challenges of Biometric Data Processing4.7 The Human Right to Data Protection and Privacy; 4.8 Some Useful Distinctions for the Privacy and Data Protection Debate; 4.9 Biometrics and the Second Generation; 4.10 Concerns; References; Part II: Emerging Biometrics and Technology Trends; Chapter 5: Gait and Anthropometric Profile Biometrics: A Step Forward; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 On the Potential of Body Measurements for User Authentication; 5.2.1 Authentication Potential of Gait as a Biometric
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.2.2 Authentication Potential of Body Measurements as a Biometric5.3 Gait Biometric Technology; 5.3.1 Proposed Approach and Motivation; 5.3.2 Silhouette Extraction and Pre-processing Steps; 5.3.2.1 Background Estimation and Binary Silhouette Extraction; 5.3.2.2 Silhouette Enhancement Using Range Data; 5.3.3 Feature Extraction Phase; 5.3.3.1 Generalized Radon Transformations; 5.3.3.2 Orthogonal Discrete Transform Using Krawtchouk Moments; 5.3.4 Signature Matching; 5.3.5 Experimental Results and Conclusions; 5.4 An Innovative Sensing Seat for Human Authentication; 5.4.1 Sensing Seat Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.4.1.1 Static and Dynamic Characterization of Conductive Elastomeric Sensor
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789048189960
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 241 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Global Justice 10
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Hegel and global justice
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 1770-1831 ; Gerechtigkeit ; Globalisierung ; Philosophie ; Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 1770-1831 ; Philosophie ; Gerechtigkeit
    Abstract: Andrew Buchwalter
    Abstract: Hegel and Global Justicedetails the relevance of the thought of G.W.F. Hegel for the burgeoning academic discussions of the topic of global justice. Against the conventional view that Hegel has little constructive to offer to these discussions, this collection, drawing on the expertise of distinguished Hegel scholars and internationally recognized political and social theorists, explicates the contribution both of Hegel himself and his 'dialectical' method to the analysis and understanding ofa wide range of topics associated with the concept of global justice, construed very broadly. These topics include universal human rights, cosmopolitanism, and cosmopolitan justice, transnationalism, international law, global interculturality, a global poverty, cosmopolitan citizenship, global governance, a global public sphere, a global ethos, and a global notion of collective self-identity. Attention is also accorded the value of Hegel's account of mutual recognition for analysing themes in global justice, both as regardsthe politics of recognition at the global level and the conditions for a general account of relations of people and persons under conditions of globalization. In exploring these and related themes, the authors of this book regularly compare Hegel to others who have contributed to the discourse on global justice, including Kant, Marx, Rawls, Habermas, Singer, Pogge, Nussbaum, Appiah, and David Miller.
    Description / Table of Contents: Hegel and Global Justice; Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Hegel and Global Justice: An Introduction; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 A Taxonomy of Main Themes; 1.2.1 Cosmopolitanism; 1.2.2 National Sovereignty; 1.2.3 Universal Human Rights; 1.2.4 Global Poverty and Its Responsibilities; 1.2.5 Institutional Responses to Global Poverty; 1.2.6 Global Governance; 1.2.7 Global Identity; 1.2.8 War; 1.2.9 Recognition; 1.3 Chapter Synopses; 1.3.1 Hegel on Cosmopolitanism, International Relations, and the Challenges of Globalization; 1.3.2 Contra Leviathan: Hegel's Contribution to Cosmopolitan Critique
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.3.3 Between Statism and Cosmopolitanism: Hegel and the Possibility of Global Justice1.3.4 Toleration, Social Identity, and International Justice in Rawls and Hegel; 1.3.5 Hegel, Civil Society, and Globalization; 1.3.6 A Hegelian Approach to Global Poverty; 1.3.7 The Coming World Welfare State Which Hegel Could Not See; 1.3.8 The Citizen of the European Union from a Hegelian Perspective; 1.3.9 Hegel on War, Recognition, and Justice; 1.3.10 Hegel, Global Justice, and Mutual Recognition; 1.4 Conclusion
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 2: Hegel on Cosmopolitanism, International Relations,and the Challenges of Globalization2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Hegel on Cosmopolitanism, International Relations, and Modern Sittlichkeit; 2.3 Hegel on Global Civil Society, Global Violence, and the Possibility of Global Community; 2.4 Conclusion; Bibliography; Chapter 3: Contra Leviathan: Hegel's Contribution to Cosmopolitan Critique; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Misreading Hegel; 3.3 Decentring the Modern State; 3.4 Hegel's Critique of Kant's Cosmopolitanism; 3.5 Beyond Natural Law; Bibliography
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 4: Between Statism and Cosmopolitanism: Hegel and the Possibility of Global Justice4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Hegel on International Relations; 4.2.1 The State as an Independent, Self-sustaining Agent; 4.2.2 Anarchy; 4.2.3 Relations Between States; 4.2.4 Hegel's Realism in International Politics; 4.3 Bringing Together Statism and Cosmopolitanism; 4.4 Towards a Hegelian Theory of Global Justice; 4.5 Conclusion; Bibliography; Chapter 5: Toleration, Social Identity, and International Justicein Rawls and Hegel; 5.1 Decency as an International Norm; 5.2 Human Rights as Free Standing
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.3 Toleration5.4 Toleration and Liberalism; 5.5 Toleration and Cooperation; 5.6 Toleration and Reasonableness; 5.7 Toleration and Culture; 5.8 Hegel and the Value of Culture; 5.9 Right to Freedom; 5.10 Abstract Right and Personhood; 5.11 Moralität and the Right to Subjectivity; 5.12 Rational State; 5.13 Right to Freedom and International Law; 5.14 Conclusion; Bibliography; Chapter 6: Hegel, Civil Society, and Globalization; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Civil Society; 6.3 The Rights of Human Beings in Civil Society; 6.4 Free Trade, Civil Society, and Globalization
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.5 The State and the Cosmopolitan Order
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Cover
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400739918 , 1280798998 , 9781280798993
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 568 p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: The International Library of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Ethics 19
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Maier, Donald S. What's so good about biodiversity?
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of nature ; Biodiversity ; Environmental sciences ; Economics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of nature ; Biodiversity ; Environmental sciences ; Economics ; Biodiversity ; Biodiversität ; Bewertung ; Ökosystemdienstleistung ; Biodiversität
    Abstract: There has been a deluge of material on biodiversity, starting from a trickle back in the mid-1980's. However, this book is entirely unique in its treatment of the topic. It is unique in its meticulously crafted, scientifically informed, philosophical examination of the norms and values that are at the heart of discussions about biodiversity. And it is unique in its point of view, which is the first to comprehensively challenge prevailing views about biodiversity and its value. According to those dominant views, biodiversity is an extremely good thing so good that it has become the emblem of natural value. The book's broader purpose is to use biodiversity as a lens through which to view the nature of natural value. It first examines, on their own terms, the arguments for why biodiversity is supposed to be a good thing. This discussion cuts a very broad and detailed swath through the scientific, economic, and environmental literature. It finds all these arguments to be seriously wanting. Worse, these arguments appear to have consequences that should dismay and perplex most environmentalists. The book then turns to a deeper analysis of these failures and suggests that they result from posing value questions from within a framework that is inappropriate for nature's value. It concludes with a novel suggestion for framing natural value. This new proposal avoids the pitfalls of the ones that prevail in the promotion of biodiversity. And it exposes the goals of conservation biology, restoration biology, and the world's largest conservation organizations as badly ill-conceived.
    Description / Table of Contents: What's So Good About Biodiversity?; Contents; Chapter 1: Prologue; 1.1 Why This Book?; 1.2 Mixing Philosophy with Biology; 1.3 The Scope and Chief Goal of This Book; Chapter 2: Preliminaries; 2.1 An Environmental Philosopher's Conception of Value; 2.1.1 Concepts and Categories of Value; 2.1.2 Approaches and Key Questions of Moral Theory; 2.1.2.1 Consequentialism; 2.1.2.2 Deontology; 2.1.2.3 Virtue Ethics; 2.1.3 Where Biodiversity Fits in the Philosophical Picture; 2.2 Reasoning About Biodiversity - A Catalog of Fallacies; 2.2.1 The Bare Assertion Fallacy
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.2.2 Red Herring or Chewbacca Defense2.2.3 Fallacies of Accident; 2.2.4 The Fallacy of Correlation; 2.2.5 Circularity Fallacies or Begging the Question; 2.2.6 The Fallacy of Modality or Speculation Posed as Fact; 2.2.7 The Fallacy of Equivocation; 2.3 Cautionary Signs; 2.3.1 Abstraction; 2.3.2 The Value of Diversity in General; Chapter 3: What Biodiversity Is; 3.1 The Core Concept; 3.1.1 Egalitarianism; 3.1.2 Fungibility; 3.1.3 Questionable Factors; 3.1.3.1 Abundances; 3.1.3.2 Abiotic Conditions; 3.1.3.3 Interactions; 3.1.3.4 Place; 3.2 Characteristics; 3.3 Biological Categories and Kinds
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3.1 Ta legomena in Biology3.3.2 Which Categories and Kinds Qualify; 3.3.2.1 Features; 3.3.2.2 Abundances (Again); 3.3.2.3 Functions; 3.3.3 Multiple Dimensions; 3.3.4 Place and Scale; 3.3.4.1 Place (Again); 3.3.4.2 Scale; Chapter 4: What Biodiversity Is Not; 4.1 Category Mistakes; 4.1.1 Wilderness; 4.1.2 Measures and Indexes; 4.1.3 Particular Species; 4.1.4 Particular Ecosystems; 4.1.5 Biodiversity as Process; 4.2 Accretive Conceptions; 4.2.1 Charisma and Cultural Symbolism; 4.2.2 Rarity; 4.2.2.1 Geographical Rarity; 4.2.2.2 Abundance Rarity; 4.2.3 Uniqueness
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: The Calculus of Biodiversity Value5.1 How Biodiversity Relates to Its Value; 5.1.1 The Incremental Model; 5.1.2 The Quantum Jump Model; 5.1.3 The Threshold Model; 5.1.4 The Just-So Model; 5.2 Value Interrelationships; 5.3 The Moral Force of Biodiversity; Chapter 6: Theories of Biodiversity Value; 6.1 Unspecified "Moral Reasons"; 6.2 Biodiversity as Resource; 6.3 Biodiversity as Service Provider; 6.4 Biodiversity as (Human) Life Sustainer; 6.5 Biodiversity as a Cornerstone of Human Health; 6.5.1 Biodiversity as Pharmacopoeia; 6.5.2 Biodiversity as Safeguard Against Infection
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.6 Biodiversity as Progenitor of Biophilia6.7 Biodiversity as Value Generator; 6.8 Biodiversity as Font of Knowledge; 6.9 Biodiversity Options; 6.9.1 Option Value and Conservation; 6.9.2 Risk, Uncertainty and Ignorance; 6.9.3 Quasi-option Value and Conservation; 6.9.4 Specific Claims About the Option Value of Biodiversity; 6.9.4.1 Phylogeny; 6.9.4.2 Bioprospecting; 6.9.4.3 Ecological Option Value; 6.10 Biodiversity as Transformative; 6.11 The Experiential Value of Biodiversity; 6.12 Biodiversity as the Natural Order; 6.13 Other Value-Influencing Factors; 6.13.1 Viability and Endangerment
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.13.2 Efficiency
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Cover
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400707665 , 1283453231 , 9781283453233
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 157p, digital)
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 25
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Rijt, Jan-Willem van der, 1977 - The importance of assent
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Political science Philosophy ; Criminal Law ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Political science Philosophy ; Criminal Law ; Acquiescence (Psychology) ; Moral and ethical aspects ; Judgment (Ethics) ; Control (Psychology) ; Moral and ethical aspects ; Zwang ; Würde ; Praktische Philosophie ; Zwang ; Würde ; Praktische Philosophie
    Abstract: This book argues that respecting persons as moral agents requires considerable consideration be paid to the subjective moral judgments of individual persons. It shows that such judgments are important independently of their validity or even their reasonableness. Despite the great emphasis on respect for persons in present-day moral theory, the importance of a person's subjective moral judgments has largely been neglected in existing literature. The book focuses particularly on the context of coercion and domination, both key notions in moral and political theory. The book combines Kantian and
    Abstract: This book argues that respecting persons as moral agents requires considerable consideration be paid to the subjective moral judgments of individual persons. It shows that such judgments are important independently of their validity or even their reasonableness. Despite the great emphasis on respect for persons in present-day moral theory, the importance of a person's subjective moral judgments has largely been neglected in existing literature. The book focuses particularly on the context of coercion and domination, both key notions in moral and political theory. The book combines Kantian and
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1. Coercion -- pt. 2. Dignity and interference -- pt. 3. A Kantian reconstruction of republicanism.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400723764
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIX, 319p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Philosophical dimensions of human rights
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Human rights ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Menschenrecht ; Rechtsphilosophie
    Abstract: This book presents a unique collection of the most relevant perspectives in contemporary human rights philosophy. Different intellectual traditions are brought together to explore some of the core postmodern issues challenging standard justifications. Widely accessible also to non experts, contributions aim at opening new perspectives on the state of the art of the philosophy of human rights. This makes this book particularly suitable to human rights experts as well as master and doctoral students. Further, while conceived in a uniform and homogeneous way, the book is internally organized arou
    Abstract: This book presents a unique collection of the most relevant perspectives in contemporary human rights philosophy. Different intellectual traditions are brought together to explore some of the core postmodern issues challenging standard justifications. Widely accessible also to non experts, contributions aim at opening new perspectives on the state of the art of the philosophy of human rights. This makes this book particularly suitable to human rights experts as well as master and doctoral students. Further, while conceived in a uniform and homogeneous way, the book is internally organized arou
    Description / Table of Contents: Philosophical Dimensionsof Human Rights; Acknowledgements; Contents; Contributors; Introduction; Part I: Historical and Philosophical Perspectives on Human Rights; Chapter 1: Human Rights in History and Contemporary Practice: Source Materials for Philosophy; 1.1 When Were "Human Rights" Invented?; 1.2 How Should Philosophers View the History of Human Rights?; References; Chapter 2: Philosophy and Human Rights: Contemporary Perspectives; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Skeptical Challenges; 2.2.1 Positivist Skepticism; 2.2.2 Relativist Skepticism; 2.2.3 Realist Skepticism; 2.2.4 Theological Skepticism
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3 Recent Philosophical Work on Human Rights2.3.1 John Rawls; 2.3.2 William Talbott; 2.3.3 James Griffin; 2.4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: Reconsidering Realism on Rights; 3.1 Against Cosmopolitan Caricature; 3.2 Will the Real Realists Please Stand Up?; 3.3 Realism on Rights: A Second Look; 3.4 Realism Against Human Rights or: How Realism Went Wrong; 3.5 Conclusion; References; Part II: The Validit-(ies) of Human Rights; Chapter 4: The Concept of Human Dignity and the Realistic Utopia of Human Rights; I; II; III; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: The Justification of Human Rights and the Basic Right to Justification. A Reflexive Approach*I; II; III; IV; V; VI; VII; VIII; IX; X; References; Chapter 6: Social Harm, Political Judgment, and the Pragmatics of Justification; 6.1 Justice Versus Fairness; 6.2 Justice, Judgment, Justification; 6.3 The Problem of Validity; 6.4 On the Pragmatics of Justification; 6.5 Emancipation Through Deliberation?; 6.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 7: "It All Depends": The Universal and the Contingent in Human Rights; 7.1 Intolerance, Paternalism, and Human-Rights Universalism
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.1.1 Forms of Human-Rights Expansionism7.1.2 The Problem of Defective Representation; 7.1.3 Intolerance and Paternalism; 7.2 Universalism Mediated by Contingency; 7.2.1 The Right Not to Be Discriminated Against; 7.2.2 A Right to Outrageous Speech; 7.2.3 Extra-Political Articulation of Rights; 7.3 Conclusions; References; Chapter 8: Tiny Sparks of Contingency. On the Aesthetics of Human Rights; 8.1 The Unloading Ramp at Auschwitz; 8.2 Neda and the New Law on Earth; 8.3 Visual Iterations; 8.4 Injurable Lives; References; Chapter 9: The Idea of a Charter of Fundamental Human Rights
    Description / Table of Contents: 9.1 The Function and Structure of Legal Sources for Human Rights9.2 Defending a Charter of Fundamental Human Rights Against Frequent Objections; 9.3 The Philosophical Basis of the New Charter of Fundamental Human Rights; 9.4 Concluding Remark; References; Part III: Democracy and Human Rights; Chapter 10: Is There a Human Right to Democracy? Beyond Interventionism and Indifference*; 10.1 Human Rights in Contemporary Discourse; 10.2 A Discourse-Theoretic Account of Human Rights; 10.3 Moral Rights versus Legal Entitlements. A Critique of Nussbaum and Sen
    Description / Table of Contents: 10.4 Cohen and the Human Right to Democracy
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 12
    Language: German
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (242 S.)
    Series Statement: Münsteraner Bioethik-Studien Bd. 10
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Notzon, Swantje, 1982 - Sterben auf Niederländisch?
    Dissertation note: Zugl.: Münster, Univ., Diss., 2011
    DDC: 100
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    Keywords: Assisted suicide Moral and ethical aspects ; Netherlands ; Euthanasia Moral and ethical aspects ; Netherlands ; Suicide, assisted ; Ethics ; Ethics, medical ; Netherlands ; Euthanasia, active, voluntary ; Ethics ; Assisted suicide Moral and ethical aspects ; Netherlands ; Euthanasia Moral and ethical aspects ; Netherlands ; Hochschulschrift ; Niederlande ; Deutschland ; Euthanasie ; Niederlande ; Deutschland ; Euthanasie
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