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  • Online Resource  (9)
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  • 2000-2004  (9)
  • 1955-1959
  • Giorno, Claude  (9)
  • Economics  (9)
  • History
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Concurrence sur les marchés de produits et performance économique en Suisse (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: French
    Pages: 69 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.383
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Product Market Competition and Economic Performance in Switzerland
    Keywords: Economics ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Une concurrence vigoureuse sur le marché des produits constitue un élément essentiel pour assurer une croissance économique dynamique. Cette étude examine les conditions de la concurrence en liaison avec les performances économiques de la Suisse, dont la croissance a été plus faible que dans la plupart des pays OCDE depuis 1980. Elle montre que d’importants progrès de la réforme des marchés des produits sont possibles dans un vaste ensemble de domaines, ce qui pourrait contribuer à réduire l’écart excessif de prix par rapport aux autres pays et renforcer la croissance. Ces réformes devraient concerner le cadre réglementaire de la concurrence, les industries de réseaux, le secteur de la santé, la révision de Loi sur le marché intérieur, les marchés publics, l’agriculture, les restrictions sur les importations parallèles et plus généralement l’ouverture des services à la concurrence étrangère ...
    DOI: 10.1787/624866161166
    URL: Volltext
    URL: lizenzpflichtig
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Product Market Competition and Economic Performance in Switzerland (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 64 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.383
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Concurrence sur les marchés de produits et performance économique en Suisse
    Keywords: Economics ; Switzerland
    Abstract: The strength of product market competition plays an important role in ensuring dynamic economic growth. This paper examines product market competition and its link with economic performance in Switzerland whose growth has been weaker than in most OECD countries since 1980. It shows that substantial progress in reforming product markets can be made in many areas, which would contribute to reduce the excessive price differential vis-à-vis other countries and stimulate growth. These reforms should focus on the legal framework of competition, the network industries, the health sector, the revision of the Domestic Market Act, agriculture, the restriction on parallel imports and, more generally, the opening up of services to foreign competition ...
    DOI: 10.1787/336304241158
    URL: Volltext
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    MPI Ethno. Forsch.
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    One Money, One Cycle?: Making Monetary Union a Smoother Ride (2004)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 36 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.401
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: In recent years the euro area has shown less resilience to the negative and largely OECD-wide common shocks than the English-speaking countries, but most of the smaller euro area countries have fared better than the large ones. This paper reviews policy issues that are important in fostering a speedy adjustment to shocks. We argue that the small countries are well placed to adjust swiftly to asymmetric shocks, because they are well integrated with the rest of the area. An activist fiscal policy is not needed and also not powerful enough to smooth the cycle. However, asset bubbles are a cause of concern as their limited weight means that the common monetary policy is more likely to be out of line with their cyclical position. Large countries are less well placed to cope with shocks and sluggish adjustment can be expected. Reforms should focus on raising trade linkages via the completion of the single market, on improving wage and price flexibility and on making their housing markets ...
    DOI: 10.1787/321284370330
    URL: Volltext
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Estimating the structural rate of unemployment for the OECD countries (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  OECD journal: economic studies Vol. 2001, no. 2, p. 171-216
    Details
    ISSN: 1995-2856
    Language: English
    Pages: 59 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'estimation du taux de chômage structurel des pays de l'OCDE
    Titel der Quelle: OECD journal: economic studies
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : Organisation for Economic Cooperation & Development, 2008
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2001, no. 2, p. 171-216
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The paper first reviews the conceptual framework underlying different measures of structural unemployment as well as alternative empirical methods that have been used to provide estimates of them. Drawing on this review, it goes on to develop a method for estimating time-varying NAIRUs across a range of OECD countries using a Kalman filter. It then discusses the resulting econometric estimates, and the scope for their further refinement given the associated range of uncertainties. Recent trends in the NAIRU estimates are reviewed: they fell in many countries in the second half of the 1990s, although actual unemployment has remained well above the NAIRU for a majority of countries throughout much of the 1990s, particularly in Europe. Finally, the relevance of such measures to analysing inflation developments and monetary policy is discussed.
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2001-art14-en
    URL: Volltext
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    L'estimation du taux de chômage structurel des pays de l'OCDE (2003)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    In:  Revue économique de l'OCDE Vol. 2001, no. 2, p. 185-232
    Details
    ISSN: 1684-3444
    Language: French
    Pages: 61 p
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estimating the structural rate of unemployment for the OECD countries
    Titel der Quelle: Revue économique de l'OCDE
    Publ. der Quelle: Paris : OCDE, 1998
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2001, no. 2, p. 185-232
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: La présente étude commence par une revue du cadre conceptuel des différentes mesures du chômage structurel et des autres méthodes empiriques qui ont été utilisées pour estimer ces mesures. A partir de là, elle expose une méthode pour estimer, au moyen du filtre de Kalman, les NAIRU variables dans le temps dans un ensemble de pays de l’OCDE. Elle analyse ensuite les estimations économétriques qui en résultent et la possibilité de les affiner davantage, compte tenu des nombreuses incertitudes liées à l’estimation. Elle expose les évolutions récentes des estimations du NAIRU : elles ont régressé dans de nombreux pays au cours de la deuxième moitié des années 80, bien que le chômage effectif soit demeuré largement supérieur au NAIRU dans une majorité de pays pendant la plus grande partie de la décennie, particulièrement en Europe. En dernière partie, elle explique l’intérêt des mesures du chômage structurel pour l’analyse des évolutions de l’inflation et de la politique monétaire.
    DOI: 10.1787/eco_studies-v2001-art14-fr
    URL: Volltext
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Overheating in Small Euro Area Economies : Should Fiscal Policy React? (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 46 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.323
    Keywords: Economics ; Euro Area
    Abstract: This paper reviews first the fiscal policy recommendations by the EU, the IMF and the OECD for Finland, Greece, Ireland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain. All these countries had inflation above the euro area average in early 2001, some by a considerable margin. The fiscal policy prescriptions deviate little, the EU, the IMF and the OECD generally recommending an active use of fiscal policy. There are some exceptions, however. The next section examines indicators of excess demand in these countries. This is followed by a review of the factors that help or hinder market-based adjustment, including simulations to gauge their effect. Market-based adjustment to demand shocks depends critically on whether the effect of a lower real interest rate is strong relative to the loss in competitiveness, on the size of wealth effects, on wage and price setting behavior, on the supply response and on the strength of trade integration. Simulations suggest that market-based ...
    DOI: 10.1787/221680343230
    URL: Volltext
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Enhancing the Effectiveness of Public Spending in Switzerland (2002)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 45 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.332
    Keywords: Economics ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Switzerland is a highly decentralised country with large spending and revenue-raising powers devolved to cantons and municipalities. The federal system, in combination with an extensive use of direct democracy, has contributed to keep public spending at a relatively low level in international comparison. It has also made it possible to tailor the provision of public services to citizens’ needs and willingness to pay and to experiment with a variety of policies. At the same time, several tensions have emerged and effective control of spending deteriorated during the 1990s. After identifying these tensions, this paper reviews recent policy initiatives and proposes options for further enhancing public spending effectiveness. These entail implementing a new fiscal rule which will allow the free play of the automatic stabilisers at the federal level and ensuring its consistency with other government levels’ behaviour; increasing transparency in public spending costs and ...
    DOI: 10.1787/735416271177
    URL: Volltext
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Predicting The Evolution and Effects of The Asia Crisis from The OECD Perspective (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 24 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.236
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: Over the past two years, the key trading economies in SE Asia experienced major economic crises, involving financial turbulence, large capital outflows and currency depreciations. These, in turn, resulted in severe financial constraints and business failures and required major domestic adjustments and massive swings in their currentaccount balance of payments positions. The associated economic recessions had major effects on the economies in question and, because of constraints on their capacity to invest and import, a significant impact on the rest of the world, so that world trade and output growth slowed significantly and world commodity markets weakened substantially over the period. This paper looks at the wider macroeconomic consequences of the Asia crisis and their predictability from the perspective of the OECD countries. In doing so it examines some of the major aspects of the Asia crisis, its effects on the world situation and their predictability, assisted by the OECD’s ...
    DOI: 10.1787/422426214244
    URL: Volltext
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Concept, Policy Use and Measurement of Structural Unemployment : Estimating a Time Varying NAIRU Across 21 OECD Countries (2000)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 76 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.250
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The structural rate of unemployment and associated non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment (the NAIRU) are of major importance to the analysis of macro and structural economic developments, although in practice these concepts are not well defined and there is considerable uncertainty and controversy concerning their measurement and policy use. The present paper reviews a range of conceptual and analytical issues and related empirical studies to examine the usefulness and limitations of such concepts. A reduced-form Phillips curve approach is found the most suitable conceptual framework for representing the NAIRU as currently used by the OECD in its policy analysis and surveillance work. Three distinct classes of NAIRU concept are identified, distinguished by the time-frame in which they are defined, which map directly into the broad requirements for macro and structural policy analysis. In line with a number of recent empirical studies, this general approach is applied ...
    DOI: 10.1787/785730283515
    URL: Volltext
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