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  • Undetermined  (384)
  • Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (384)
  • Stuttgart : Kohlhammer
  • [Erscheinungsort nicht ermittelbar] : KIT Scientific Publishing
  • Medicine  (384)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036579900 , 9783036579917
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology ; Information technology industries ; Computer science ; Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology
    Abstract: This Special Issue contains new developments and advanced ideas in optical spectroscopy and imaging for their active translation to biological and clinical practice. The published manuscripts provide new insight into state-of-the-art modern methods of biomedical optics and provides new knowledge to potential readers about possible areas of their application. It highlights the advantages and unique features of using optical diagnostic technologies in the detection and analysis of lesions. The articles discuss the development and application of optical methods, expanding the current diagnostic capabilities of various diseases, and other aspects of the use of spectroscopy and imaging in biology and clinical practice
    Note: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036579122 , 9783036579139
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (202 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Cardiovascular medicine
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on recent advances in the clinical care of patients with acute and chronic coronary syndromes. We must accumulate novel scientific and clinical knowledge in this field to develop seamless treatments and preventive strategies for this patient population. Furthermore, accumulated data have implicated that there are some residual risk factors for coronary syndromes, and the clinical management of cardiovascular/non-cardiovascular complications associated with coronary syndromes is also a critical concern. We hope that this reprint will facilitate the management of future patients with coronary syndromes; however, further research is still required. It is also our hope that this reprint will promote future research to enable a better understanding of the clinical practice of coronary syndromes
    Note: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036579382 , 9783036579399
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Evidence has shown that botulinum toxin A has advantages in lower urinary tract dysfunctions (LUTDs), especially in interstitial cystitis, urethral sphincter dysfunction, and inflammatory bladder disorders which currently cannot be adequately treated with oral pharmacological medications. This Special Issue has collected original or review articles that focus on the novel applications of botulinum toxin A in LUTDs. The research has been updated and contains novel therapeutic applications of botulinum toxin for bladder or urethral dysfunctions. This Special Issue of Toxins provides current knowledge surrounding the status of botulinum toxin in functional urology and LUTDs
    Note: English
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036578156 , 9783036578149
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This reprint provides a comprehensive overview and critically explores the recent trends in the zirconia additive manufacturing process or 3D printing and various surface treatments and their characterization for application in the dental and biomedical fields. It will be a valuable resource for the researchers to design or fabricate the implants according to clinical demands
    Note: English
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036579306 , 9783036579313
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: In Canada, survival from breast cancer has steadily increased since 1989, and breast cancer mortality has decreased by 48%. While 82% of women with breast cancer are diagnosed at stage 1 or 2, there are still 18% who present at a late stage and 25% who develop metastatic disease. Improved survival has been achieved through early diagnosis of breast cancer with screening, allowing for more effective and targeted treatments. This reprint summarizes the latest evidence on the early detection of breast cancer and highlights areas where this may be improved
    Note: English
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562773 , 9783036562780
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Clinical & internal medicine
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on new trials related to cataract surgery, intraocular lens power calculations for cataracts after refractive surgery, problems related to high myopia, toric IOL power calculations, etc. Intraoperative use of the 3D Viewing System and OCT, studies on the spectacle dependence of EDOF, IOL fixation status and visual function, and dry eye after FLAC are also discussed. Proteomic analysis of aqueous humor proteins is also discussed
    Note: English
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564289 , 9783036564296
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (358 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Medical toxicology
    Abstract: Ciguatoxins (CTXs), which are responsible for Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), are liposoluble toxins produced by microalgae of the genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa. This book presents 18 scientific papers that offer new information and scientific evidence on: (i) CTX occurrence in aquatic environments, with an emphasis on edible aquatic organisms; (ii) analysis methods for the determination of CTXs; (iii) advances in research on CTX-producing organisms; (iv) environmental factors involved in the presence of CTXs; and (v) the assessment of public health risks related to the presence of CTXs, as well as risk management and mitigation strategies
    Note: English
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564678 , 9783036564661
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Hyperbaric oxygen is a known therapeutic agent, and treatments using this agent remain a matter of discussion and research. This Special Issue collection will add new knowledge and also offer some not so usual approaches to foster contemporary understanding and potential benefit for patients and scholars
    Note: English
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036560878 , 9783036560885
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The Special Issue provides twelve contributions, of which three original articles, seven narrative reviews, one systematic review, and one meta-analysis that, altogether, offer a multifaceted and multidisciplinary overview that allows to draw a picture as intriguing and fascinating as possible on the benefits of curcumin and also to suggest potential fields of activities still to be explored. Among the biological activities exerted by curcumin, the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties reported in many studies make it a potential effective tool in preventing and counteracting chronic-degenerative diseases, very often associated with obesity and aging, such as cardiovascular diseases, T2D, metabolic dysfunctions, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer, all of them characterized by the presence of oxidative and inflammatory processes. The main concerns that arise from the evaluation of the preventive/therapeutic effects of curcumin are, first of all, the still small number of randomized placebo-control studies available; in addition, small sample sizes have generally been considered, and different protocols and different formulations as well as different routes of administration of curcumin have been used. Thus, it is quite difficult to compare the results and to provide a standard protocol for the use of this promising natural compound. For these reasons, and taking in account the growing use of curcumin by the general population, further investigations to confirm and expand current findings are mandatory and research on curcumin and its effects on human health have to be fostered and promoted
    Note: English
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565477 , 9783036565460
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (294 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is currently the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality, with 1.9 million incidence cases and 0.9 million deaths worldwide. The global number of new CRC cases is predicted to reach 3.2 million in 2040, based on the projection of aging, population growth, and human development.In clinics, despite advances of diagnosis and surgical procedures, 20% of the patients with CRC present with metastasis at the time of diagnosis, caused by residual tumor cells that have spread to distant organs prior to surgery, affecting the patient survival rate. Standard systemic chemotherapy, alternative therapies that target mechanisms involved in cancer progression and metastasis, immunotherapy, and combination therapies are the major CRC-treatment strategies. In the advanced stage of CRC the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) plays an oncogenic role by promoting cancer cell proliferation, cancer cell self-renewal, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, tumor progression, metastatic spread, and immune escape. Furthermore, high levels of TGF-β1 confers poor prognosis and is associated with early recurrence after surgery, resistance to chemo- or immunotherapy, and shorter survival. Based on the body of experimental evidence indicating that TGF-β signaling has the potential to be a good therapeutic target in CRC, several anti-TGF-β drugs have been investigated in cancer clinical trials. Here, we presented a comprehensive collection of manuscripts regarding studies on targeting the TGF-β signaling in CRC to improve patient’s prognosis and personalized treatments
    Note: English
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563855 , 9783036563848
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This reprint is a compilation of ten publications, including original-research and review articles, and the accompanying editorial within the scope of a Special Issue entitled: "State of the Art in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis" published in Cells
    Note: English
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561943 , 9783036561936
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Medical toxicology
    Abstract: The rapid expansion of aquaculture around the world is increasingly being impacted by toxins produced by harmful marine microalgae, which threaten the safety of seafood. In addition, ocean climate change is leading to changing patterns in the distribution of toxic dinoflagellates and diatoms which produce these toxins. New approaches are being developed to monitor for harmful species and the toxins they produce. This Special Issue covers pioneering research on harmful marine microalgae and their toxins, including the identification of species and toxins; the development of new chemical and biological techniques to identify and monitor species and toxins; the uptake of marine biotoxins in seafood and marine ecosystems; and the distribution and abundance of toxins, particularly in relation to climate change
    Note: English
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561103 , 9783036561097
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The clinical spectrum of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is highly heterogeneous, ranging from mild disease, which can be limited to skin and joint involvement, to life-threatening conditions with renal impairment, severe cytopenias, central nervous system disease, and thromboembolic events. Apart from the host genetics, several environmental factors, such as sunlight, infections, drugs, and probably hormonal factors, can trigger the onset of symptoms related to SLE. Despite significant advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology and optimization of medical care, patients with SLE still have significant rates of premature mortality and many patients experience severe disease with increased risk of sustaining organ damage and having a reduced health-related quality of life. The development of effective drugs that can induce remission or low disease activity, the unanimous use of definitions of remission and low or high disease activity, flare, and response to therapy, the identification of non-invasive biomarkers of disease activity and long-term outcomes, and the implementation of SLE patients’ perspectives as an integral part of the clinical assessment constitute only a few of the many unmet needs in the field of SLE
    Note: English
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9783036563503 , 9783036563510
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Medical toxicology
    Abstract: The objective of this collection is to illustrate the most recent research on the development of novel and/or rapid methods for mycotoxin determination, and to propose new strategies for monitoring and/or reducing mycotoxin contamination. Innovative sample preparation techniques or protocols and the possibility of multiclass mycotoxin detection will be very positively considered for possible inclusion in this Special Issue. Both methods based on (bio)sensors and chromatography with various detectors (including mass spectrometry) are welcome. Applications of already published methods on new matrices without any modification will not be accepted. However, extensive studies and monitoring on the spread of contamination through the food production chain could be of interest for this collection
    Note: English
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562698 , 9783036562704
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Medical toxicology
    Abstract: Researchers have made great progress in the mechanism of mycotoxins biosynthesis, pathogenicity, and the construction of detection methods. This collection holds fundamental and applied research on pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins in China, which directly or indirectly affect the health of plants, animals, and humans. Some papers mainly study the mechanism of mycotoxin biosynthesis, including the crucial genes, environmental factors, and regulation mechanisms, which is beneficial to advancing our knowledge of this area. Some papers focus on the toxicity of mycotoxins, which is helpful to the detoxification of mycotoxins and the reduction of the hazardous effect of mycotoxins. Special attention is given to the leading detection methods, especially on-site rapid detection. These effective and feasible methods are important for discovering and controlling the risk of mycotoxins
    Note: English
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036559698 , 9783036559704
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Clinical & internal medicine
    Abstract: This Special Issue on CFS/ME collects 18 papers with an interdisciplinary view on the current demographic and epidemiological data and immunological characteristics of CFS/ME and examines the different pathogenic hypotheses, as well as giving information about the latest knowledge on diagnostic investigations, pharmacological, integrative, physical, cognitive-behavioral and psychological curative approaches
    Note: English
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568522 , 9783036568539
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Epidemiology & medical statistics
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on field studies aimed at unraveling the complex networks created by interactions between parasites and hosts in a given ecosystem. Since most transboundary diseases have been propagated from the wilderness to anthropized areas, societies are increasingly concerned about the relevance of wildlife as it pertains to global health. In this respect, research on parasites that may affect the biology and population equilibrium of wildlife is of major interest, especially when a One Health perspective is considered. The studies compiled in the present Special Issue fall within several areas of interest, such as epidemiology, diagnosis, emerging zoonoses, food safety, conservation issues, parasite–host interactions, and the pathology of infections caused by parasites in wild host species
    Note: English
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568881 , 9783036568898
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology ; Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: The Special Issue reprint covers a wide range of applications of 3D-printing in dentistry. Five out of eleven research papers deal with applications of 3D printing in orthodontics, one study presents a 3D-printed fitting system for the FFP2 that were applied during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the others address applications in prosthodontics and restorative dentistry
    Note: English
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570419 , 9783036570402
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: Currently, cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and is the most complex and challenging disease known to humankind. Due to the complex underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis, as well as the intrinsic limitations of conventional cancer therapies, the effective treatment of cancer remains a great challenge. Novel therapeutic strategies with superior anticancer ability urgently need to be discovered. In recent years, nano-drug delivery systems have been extensively investigated and applied as alternatives to conventional cancer treatments. Cancer nanomedicines aim to achieve the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the tumor site, utilizing strategies such as passive targeting, active targeting and stimuli-triggered drug release, while simultaneously decreasing drug accumulation in normal tissues, which together lead to improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects. Currently, several cancer nanomedicines are in regular use, and several others are in various stages of development.This Special Issue will highlight recent progress in the development of novel nanomedicines and targeted drug delivery systems for cancer therapy
    Note: English
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9783036572017 , 9783036572000
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmaceutical industries
    Abstract: The Special Issue "Focus on Antibiotics - New Challenges and Steps Forward in Discovery and Development" addresses the latest efforts towards discovering new antibiotics. The articles in this Special Issue cover various topics concerning antibacterial drugs. They provide valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities facing the field of antibiotic research and offer innovative solutions to tackle the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. The content of this Special Issue addresses antibacterial quinolones of the latest generation, new tetracyclines (such as glycylcyclines, aminomethylcyclines, and fluorocyclines), metal complexes (Ru (II/III) frameworks and Co(III) complexes with diamine chelate ligands), various nanoparticles (gold, silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles), bioactive compounds produced by Mixobacterials species, anti-mycobacterial compounds acting as phosphopantetheinyl transferase inhibitors. The research in this Special Issue will contribute to pharmaceutics and ultimately contribute to developing new and effective antibiotics. We are grateful to the authors for their contributions and hope this Special Issue will stimulate further research and discussion on antibiotics. We also thank the reviewers for their time and expertise, and the editorial team for supporting this Special Issue. Finally, we hope this Special Issue will serve as a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers working towards a future where antibiotics remain vital in our fight against infectious diseases
    Note: English
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570624 , 9783036570631
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (222 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Diet contributes to the development of many chronic conditions including obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, stroke, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, some cancers, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and potentially some neurological diseases. This reprint addresses associations between diet (and specific nutrients including vitamin D) and various chronic diseases including obesity, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, neurological conditions, and age-related macular degeneration. More specifically, the impacts of plant-based diets, dairy products, and ketogenic diets are explored in relation to chronic disease risk as well as some benefits of the consumption of oral nutritional supplements in the prevention of malnutrition and sarcopenia and in the treatment of wounds in individuals with diabetes. Additional topics that are covered include some roles of the fatty acid arachidonic acid in the body and the impact of cellular mitochondrial dysfunction on the progression of age-related macular degeneration. The effectiveness of a variety of nutraceuticals is covered as a means for the prevention or treatment of age-related macular degeneration. Lastly, the use of olive oil in reducing gut permeability in those with pre-diabetes is addressed, as well as the complex relationships of diet/food and of disease (metabolic syndrome) with the gut microbiota
    Note: English
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569369 , 9783036569376
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (78 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The objective of this reprint is to present the main evidence-based data on new developments and knowledge in diagnostic and treatment technologies in the orofacial field used in both children and adults. The published content has been met with great success in interdisciplinary fields, stimulating international authors to submit their original articles, reviews, or case reports based on various aspects of orthodontics as well as on the diagnosis and management of temporomandibular disorders and orofacial pain. Among the current highly debated topics, this reprint focuses on multiple disciplines as follows: gingival recessions and periodontal status after orthodontic treatment; a rare case of impacted central incisors; predictors of analgesic consumption in orthodontic patients; a systematic review about different dentoskeletal class III treatment approaches; evaluation of upper airway volumes; and cephalometric values in JIA patients
    Note: English
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570037 , 9783036570020
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (360 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Steroids are essential hormones that regulate biological processes across their lifespan. Steroid hormone production and action must be tightly controlled otherwise there can be detrimental effects on physiological function leading to disease. This reprint contains original and review articles by experts at the cutting edge of their fields published in a Special Issue on the “Molecular mechanisms of steroid hormone biosynthesis and action” of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences. The topics include: 1) Steroid hormone biosynthesis, including substrate availability, mechanism of steroidogenic enzyme action, and the impact of mutations; 2) Molecular and cellular regulation of steroidogenesis, including steroidogenic cell response to hormone stimulation, signaling pathways, kinases, transcription factors, and gene expression; 3) Molecular mechanisms of endocrine disruptor action on steroidogenic cells; and 4) New tools and approaches to detect and study steroid hormones
    Note: English
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569161 , 9783036569178
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (274 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: Tumor progression is linked to a switch in the balance between positive and negative regulators, and mainly depends on the release by inflammatory or neoplastic cells of specific growth factors. Inflammatory infiltration contributes to tumor progression and metastatic process, and there are many reports of associations between tumor inflammatory infiltration, progression and prognosis. New therapeutic approaches have been developed with the aim to control tumor progression through the targeting of different components of the tumor microenvironment. This reprint will be useful for anyone who wants to learn about cancer: professors and students at universities, scientists at research institutes, biotechnology, and pharmaceutical labs, and lawyers trying to understand the patent literature
    Note: English
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569987 , 9783036569994
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences
    Abstract: The development of in vivo neuroimaging techniques has yielded an incredible amount of digital information about the brain. Neuroimaging techniques are increasingly being used to study human cognitive processes, create brain–machine interfaces, and also to identify and diagnose certain brain disorders. Currently, neuroscientists and medics actively use different methods for brain scans, including electro- and magnetoencephalography (EEG/MEG), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), electrocorticography (ECoG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Recent advances in signal processing and machine learning for neuroimaging data using various signal processing methods have made impressive progress in solving a number of practical tasks in medicine, healthcare, neuroscience, biomedical engineering, brain–machine interfaces, and cognitive science, to name but a few. This Special Issue aims to provide a forum for academic and industrial communities to present and discuss the latest theoretical and experimental results related to recent advances in neuroimaging data processing in terms of new theories, algorithms, architectures, and applications
    Note: English
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9783036566726 , 9783036566733
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (672 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: This reprint covers some significant impacts in the recent research in both the private and public sectors of cancer diagnosis and therapy, in which Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning are significant. This reprint is also a collection of forty different complex and challenging problems arranged in five groups: AI in prognosis, grading, and prediction, AI in clinical image analysis, AI models for pathological diagnosis, ML and statistical models for molecular cancer diagnostics and genetics, and AI in triage, risk stratification, and screening cancer, which are all focused on using AI in cancer diagnosis and therapy. All the necessary concepts, solutions, methodologies, and references are supplied except for some fundamental knowledge that is well-known in the general fields of AI and cancer diagnosis and therapy. The readers may, therefore, gain the main concepts of each chapter, with as little of a need as possible to refer to the concepts of the other chapters and references. The readers may hence start to read one or more chapters of the book for their own interests
    Note: English
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570457 , 9783036570440
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (286 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This reprint, guest edited by Anne-Marie Caminade, gives an impressionist overview of the current state of the art about “Personalized and Precision Medicine”. Twenty contributions illustrate the diversity of the topic, including new approaches about cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases, lungs obstruction, skeletal diseases, intestinal microbiomes, new tools such as ultra-high-frequency ultrasound or non-oncological radiotherapy, and a new class of drugs (dendrimers). This reprint is an illustration of the present and future impact of Personalized and Precision Medicine on all the therapeutic domains
    Note: English
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570334 , 9783036570327
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (700 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: Novel Anticancer Strategies (Volume II) reviews important findings and updates within the cancer therapy field of great interest to those in academic research studying the development and validation of novel anticancer approaches. The Editor invited preeminent specialists to contribute to original and review articles devoted to key areas of major progress and expectations. Key Features:Nanoparticle-based drug delivery in cancer therapy;Nanoerythrosomes;Cancer immunotherapy;Therapeutic vaccines;Oncogenic and tumor suppressive components of the cell cycle;Antimitotics in cancer clinical trials;Multifunctional enzymes as anti-cancer drug targets;Targeting undruggable proteins and non-coding RNAs;Cell-penetrating peptides;Repurposed cancer drugs in clinical trials;Circulating tumour cells
    Note: English
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568966 , 9783036568973
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (320 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmaceutical industries
    Abstract: Model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) is an advanced quantitative approach focusing on individualized treatment optimization. MIPD integrates mathematical models of drugs and diseases combined with individual patient characteristics (e.g., genotype, anthropometric factors, and organ function). MIPD has been highlighted as a useful tool for drug dosage selection in both the drug development process and clinical practice and it is a rapidly growing discipline that is supported by the main drug regulatory agencies. Despite the potential benefits of this methodology toward personalized medicine, its application is still limited. The Special Issue presented here includes several PKPD and PBPK models focused on improving the current state of art regarding the PK behaviour of different drugs with the aim of improving the efficacy/safety balance of these treatments and their clinical outcome; the Special Issue is intended to be of particular interest for clinical pharmacologists, pharmacometricians, and specific clinicians who routinely use the considered drugs
    Note: English
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570310 , 9783036570303
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (396 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: Novel Anticancer Strategies reviews important findings and updates within the cancer therapy field, of great interest to those in academic research studying the development and validation of novel anticancer approaches. The Editor invited preeminent specialists to contribute to original and review articles devoted to key areas of major progress and expectations. Key features: Nanoparticle-based drug delivery in cancer therapy; Extracellular vesicles for anticancer drug delivery; Peptide-based drug conjugates; Cancer stem cells as a valuable target to eradicate tumor relapse; Spheroids in preclinical model for cancer research; and cancer immunotherapy
    Note: English
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9783036568829 , 9783036568836
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This reprint represents a collection of papers that aimed to highlight the importance of immunohistochemical findings and their role in improving the understanding of organ tissue functions. We focused our attention on farm animals because they represent not only a source of food in the supply chain, but also a source of income for breeders, a source of employment, and a primary tool in the quest for sustainable food production. To achieve this last aim, we asked authors for research that could potentially be applied to the purpose of this study, and whose results could be useful in improving farm management practices and the responsible use of natural resources. A total of 20 papers were contributed to this issue, written by 118 authors from 4 countries, and comprising 18 research articles and 2 communications articles
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569185 , 9783036569192
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (414 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Physiology
    Abstract: This reprint is about vitamin D, a molecule that can be absorbed from certain foods, such as fatty fish, which can also be produced endogenously when we expose our skin to sufficient doses of ultraviolet B radiation. When vitamin D is metabolized into 1,25(OH)2D3 (also called calcitriol), it acts as a high-affinity ligand for the transcription factor VDR, i.e., it has direct effects on gene regulation. The key physiological functions of vitamin D are the regulation of calcium homeostasis, which is essential for bone mineralization, and the modulation of the immune system by stimulating innate immunity and preventing overreactions of adaptive immunity. This reprint presents recent developments and the latest research in the fascinating broad range of today’s vitamin D biology, from evolution to systems biology
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571249 , 9783036571256
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (102 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The welfare of an individual could be severely affected by stressful events. Mainly for this reason, the scientific community is interested in finding specific and quantifiable characteristics which could indicate or predict specific signs of acute or chronic stress exposure. The aim of this reprint is to reflect this interest in the field of companion animal physiology. The authors engaged in publishing this reprint are experts in the multiple mechanisms involved in stress response, including the detection of behavioral and physical signs which can be measured through biological indicators of homeostasis displacement. The editors strongly believe this topic will be of interest not only to researchers in this field, but also to dog trainers, dog shelter workers and veterinary behaviorists
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575261 , 9783036575278
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: Mangrove communities represent a coastal habitat located in the intertidal zone or brackish water of tropical and subtropical coastal areas, between 5°N and 5°S latitudes, spanning over 118 countries. The special ecological conditions of mangroves include high salinity, nutrient limitation, tidal gradients, high temperatures, excessively high light, and muddy anaerobic or sandy soil, which lead to various morphological and physiological adaptations of inhabiting species and act as an effective selector for the metabolic pathway via the generation of unique functional metabolites with highly unique chemical scaffolds and pharmaceutical application potential. In recent decades, numerous metabolites with uncommon structures and efficacious bioactivities have been discovered in mangrove-derived microorganisms, along with mangrove plants. For this reason, mangrove ecosystems have taken the limelight as an attractive biodiversity hotspot, attracting significant attention from organic chemists and pharmacologists. Additionally, many unique and novel chemical structures with a wide range of structural classes have suggested various biosynthetic origins containing novel functional genes and corresponding enzymes with unique catalytic functions. In this Special Issue, we welcome articles describing recent studies and pertinent reviews focusing on the latest and most important developments in bioactive product discovery from mangrove ecosystems and correlating structures with chemical synthesis, biosynthesis, genomic and metabolomics approaches, biological activities, and pharmaceutical mechanisms. We are now in the process of putting together a group of top researchers whose work we would like to feature in this collection, and we would like you to participate
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  • 35
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576152 , 9783036576145
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) represent a powerful system for the recognition and elimination of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) from bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released from dying cells. Typical PAMPs include bacterial cell wall components, viral pathogens, or pathogenic nucleic acids, including viral RNA and DNA. Activation of TLRs leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines and type I interferons which are important for the induction of the host immune response against bacterial and viral infections. However, dysregulation and overstimulation can be detrimental, leading to hyper-inflammation, sepsis, and loss of tissue integrity. The involvement of TLRs in inflammation and bacterial infection has been recognized for a long time. There is an increasing number of reports demonstrating the involvement of TLR activation in a variety of viral infections, associated with protective immunity, but also immune hyper activation and even viral replication. Recent data show the involvement of TLR activation in various acute respiratory viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2 and indicate an essential role in COVID-19 pathology. It aimed to gather newest data and hypotheses regarding molecular and cellular mechanisms of TLR triggering and activation and their downstream signaling pathways by viral infections, and their correlation to immunology and pathophysiology of the associated diseases, to facilitate translational research resulting in new targets for the treatment of viral infectious diseases including COVID-19
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036557311 , 9783036557328
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This book follows up on the previous volume focusing on the different biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases. It includes original research works and review articles focusing on an improved understanding of disease mechanisms. It also aims to identify aspects of early therapeutic intervention for enhanced disease management. Some critical approaches include studies involving human tissue samples, mouse disease models, and different imaging techniques. These studies present the essential information necessary to address such pathological conditions in the future
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577333 , 9783036577326
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (298 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Mental health services
    Abstract: Digital health, virtual assistance, and telemedicine are terms often used interchangeably to refer to remote medical assistance, monitoring and care. Several studies and insights have developed these issues, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages and successes and failures and offering reflections on the implications and issues of these technologies in the health domain. The results of these investigations are affecting the redesign of hospital and outpatient management based on digital innovation using eHealth and mHealth. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this approach made it possible to offer assistance and continue care at home, protecting patients, preserving health workers, limiting the spread of the virus, and reducing the need for hospitalization. This reprint contains contributions dealing with the development of DH during the COVID-19 pandemic. The contributions are from various experts in different fields regarding the application of digital health, which, in some cases is also integrated with artificial intelligence, including digital contact tracing, mHealth, virtual reality, mental health, physiology, and rehabilitation
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575926 , 9783036575933
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (508 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: Arthritis has a high prevalence globally and includes over 100 types, the most common of which are rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory arthritis. All types of arthritis share common features of the disease, including monocyte infiltration, inflammation, synovial swelling, pannus formation, stiffness in the joints, and articular cartilage destruction. The exact etiology of arthritis remains unclear, and no cure exists as of yet. Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs and corticosteroids) are commonly used in the treatment of arthritis. However, these drugs are associated with significant side effects, such as gastric bleeding and an increased risk of heart attack and other cardiovascular problems. It is therefore crucial that we continue to research the pathogenesis of arthritis and seek to discover novel modes of therapy. This reprint summarizes the themes of the 29 articles published in our Special Issue “Research of Pathogenesis and Novel Therapeutics in Arthritis 2.0”. This reprint details important novel research discoveries that contribute to our current understanding of arthritis
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  • 39
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574660 , 9783036574677
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: There is growing evidence that among persons with disordered eating behavior, the identification of an “addictive-like eating” phenotype for some persons could be relevant and improve our ability to design better tailored interventions. This “addictive-like eating behavior” phenotype encompasses different terms or concepts, including “food addiction”, “eating addiction”, “compulsive eating behavior”, and “food craving”, but also applies to some persons with binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, or binge eating symptoms. Although these terms may theoretically refer to different underlying causes or conceptualizations of addictive-like eating, all agree on the complex and multifaceted public health problem it represents and on the similarities it shares with other addictive disorders in terms of etiology, epidemiology, and treatment. Addictive-like eating behavior can deleteriously impact the patient’s outcome and may lead to poorer weight loss evolution, increased prevalence of co-occurring medical and/or psychiatric disorders, and/or lower quality of life. One of the key challenges for the present and future research is to better identify this subpopulation of patients exhibiting this addictive-like eating phenotype, and to identify the psychological/psychiatric factors and biological mechanisms underlying this increased vulnerability to addictive-like eating. Such preliminary knowledge is crucial for enabling the development of interventions targeting these vulnerability risk factors and, ultimately, improving patient outcomes
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575759 , 9783036575742
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Cardiovascular medicine
    Abstract: This reprint, edited by Prof. Gaetano Santulli, MD, PhD, collects the most up-to-date peer-reviewed scientific papers dealing with cardiovascular medicine, from basic science to pre-clinical and clinical investigations, highlighting the fundamental importance of translational medicine in the challenging quest for new therapies to cure cardiovascular disease. Indeed, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, and the search for novel mechanisms and therapeutics is desperately needed. Therefore, both basic and translational studies in the cardiovascular field represent a paramount strategy to identify novel therapeutic targets and improve the quality of life of patients with cardiovascular disorders
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573090 , 9783036573083
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (292 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This reprint describes how lifestyle changes can impact the incidence and progression of chronic non-communicable diseases. In this context, regular physical activity and heathy nutritional habits are very important. Moreover, natural bioactive compounds could represent a new adjuvant therapy in the clinical management of these pathological conditions
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574165 , 9783036574172
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Agricultural products such as fruit, vegetables, and cereal are believed to be some of the most crucial sources of certain phytonutrients necessary for humans, such as vitamins, dietary fibers, and minerals. However, agricultural products are prone to quality deterioration during storage under ambient temperatures. Currently, the annual post-harvest loss rate of agricultural products can reach up to 20–30%. Owing to their perishable nature, the development of processing and preservation technologies for agricultural products is an important research topic closely associated with the national economy and people’s livelihoods that has attracted ever-increasing attention. In view of the prominent issues of high energy consumption, high costs, serious pollution, and low-quality properties in agricultural product manufacturing, our journal mainly focuses on research articles on novel techniques and the underlying mechanisms of the processing, preservation, and quality control of agricultural products, so as to promote the upgrading and updating of the agricultural product industry
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577661 , 9783036577678
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Surgery
    Abstract: We are in the modern era of innovations, technological developments and minimisation in the field of urology. While laparoscopy and robotic surgery have revolutionised pelvic and upper tract oncology, there is continuous evolution and increasing use of these in the field of benign conditions and paediatric urology. As lasers have changed endourology, new minimally invasive surgical techniques (MISTs) have given a new meaning to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) surgery. Oncological developments for prostate cancer now include treatments such as robotic prostatectomy, brachytherapy, radiotherapy, cryotherapy and HIFU. Robotic partial nephrectomy and cryotherapy have changed the face of renal cancer. While robotic cystectomy is also gaining popularity for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, new concepts of En-bloc resection of bladder cancer are emerging and being increasingly adopted. MISTs for BPH include laser (Holmium, thulium and green light), water-based treatments (Rezum, Aquablation) and other minimally invasive procedures such as prostate artery embolisation (PAE), TIND and Urolift. There is increasing emphasis on the role of suction in endourological procedures, while the quest for better intrarenal pressure and temperature monitoring continues. The use of Thulium fibre laser (TFL), Moses technology and small disposable ureteroscopes all help in pushing the boundaries of ureteroscopy (URS) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) procedures. These new technological developments have led to improvements in patients’ quality of life (QoL), shorter hospital stays and reductions in complication rates
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577876 , 9783036577869
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (206 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Electrospinning can be used to prepare nanofibrous membranes from diverse polymers. The large surface-to-volume ratio makes them suitable for diverse fields of applications, from filters to catalysts to tissue engineering.Here, we search for the latest developments dealing with nanofiber mats for biomedicine. From wound healing to slow release, and from tissue engineering to stem cell differentiation, nanofibrous membranes can be found in a broad range of biomedical applications. For these utilizations, their chemical as well as physical properties are important, such as hydrophobicity, fiber morphology, membrane porosity, mechanical strength, etc. This Special Issue focuses on nanofibrous membranes for biomedical applications, measuring and optimizing the correlated membrane properties. It covers the full range from basic research on new materials and producing novel electrospun structure to drug release to cell growth on nanofiber mats
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575988 , 9783036575995
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: In the treatment of acute stroke, thrombolysis and thrombectomy have proven to be highly effective. Many patients have seen significant improvement after reperfusion therapy. This reprint aims to address current knowledge gaps and promote advancements in the use of thrombolysis and thrombectomy for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke
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  • 46
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577081 , 9783036577098
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The articles discussed in this reprint show the potential health benefits of nutraceuticals, which are products containing bioactive compounds that can prevent and treat chronic diseases. This book explores various functional ingredients, including plant-derived products, mushrooms, microalgae, and goji berries, for their therapeutic, hypoallergenic, and sporting purposes. The study of the gut microbiome and its interactions with dietary components is also discussed. Additionally, the importance of sustainable and environmentally friendly practices in the food industry also stands out. As consumers seek out natural and functional food products, continued research on and the development of nutraceuticals will be critical in promoting healthy aging and addressing chronic diseases
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574783 , 9783036574790
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (90 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on fundamental and applied research on asymmetry of movement and postural balance and underlying functions in humans. Experimental protocols based on kinetic, kinematic, radiological, functional magnetic resonance imaging and transcranial Doppler ultrasound data taken from healthy, young, elderly and pathological individuals provide new insights into asymmetry in human movement and posture and are presented in the Special Issue
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573281 , 9783036573298
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (290 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This Special Issue covers current and relevant information about the applied anatomy of domestic animals, new companion animals and wild animals. It includes recent research and review articles on diverse topics based on the use of different diagnostic imaging techniques and more classic anatomical methods, providing a deeper insight into the healthy anatomy of diverse structures, which is crucial in high-quality medicine
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570044 , 9783036570051
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Medical toxicology
    Abstract: Europe’s zero-pollution agenda should depart from an understanding of how the European citizens’ bodies are polluted by synthetic chemicals and prioritize the reduction of the chemical body burden and associated health impacts. In this context, Human Biomonitoring (HBM) is an important and valuable tool for assessing the internal exposure of humans resulting from aggregated exposure to chemicals. Though many obstacles still hinder the use of HBM data, the growing availability of HBM data offers an opportunity for improving and refining Human Risk Assessment. This Special Issue intends to illustrate, using case studies, how HBM data could be used to better estimate internal exposure and resulting risks. Case studies on exposure from consumer products (cosmetic products, non-food products, etc.) or exposures via food or water in the general population or among workers contributed to better identifying the obstacles hindering a broader use of HBM data in RA. A better understanding of population exposure and the exposure of vulnerable groups against health-based human biomonitoring guidance values also provides the basis for effective risk management to reduce impacts on health. I would like to thank all the authors for submitting their original contributions to this Special Issue. We greatly appreciate the support of all the reviewers who spent time evaluating and improving the quality of the manuscripts. I would also like to thank the editors of Toxics for their kind invitation and Selena Li of the Toxics Editorial Office for her invaluable support
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036566917 , 9783036566900
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: Based on this evidence, a deep understanding of the immunological status and biological targets modulating immunological microenvironments should be quite informative for the development of future immunotherapy in HCC. From this point of view, this Special Issue will highlight the current state of the art in the immunotherapy of HCC from both the basic and clinical perspectives, and outline future perspectives for improving therapies
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574615 , 9783036574608
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The reprint, “Rare Monogenic Diseases: Molecular Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies”, provides a collection of original research articles and systematic reviews focused on diverse conditions stemming from a pathogenic single gene mutation. The articles are focused on the molecular mechanisms that are affected within a rare monogenic disorder, such as those involving gene expression, molecular pathways and cell death. Moreover, specific experimental therapies including drug discovery, drug repositioning, gene therapy and protein-based therapeutics are discussed
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572970 , 9783036572963
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: Inflammation is a complex biological response to injury as a result of different stimuli such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. Inflammatory injuries induce the release of a variety of systemic mediators, cytokines, and chemokines that orchestrate cellular infiltration, consequentially bringing about the resolution of inflammatory responses and the restoration of tissue integrity. However, persistent inflammatory stimuli or the disregulation of the mechanisms of the resolution phase can lead to chronic inflammation and inflammatory-based diseases. Nowadays, commercially approved anti-inflammatory drugs are represented by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID); glucocorticoids (SAID); and, in some cases, immunosuppressant and/or biological drugs. These agents are effective for the relief of the main inflammatory symptoms. However, they induce severe side effects, and most of them are inadequate for chronic use. Starting from these premises, the demand for new, effective, and safe anti-inflammatory drugs has led research in new therapeutic directions. The recent and emerging scientific community slant is oriented towards natural products/compounds that could represent a boon for the discovery of new active molecules and for the development of new drugs and potentially useful therapeutic agents in different inflammatory-related diseases. We hope that it will stimulate the interest of the scientific community involved in studying the effects of natural and synthetic compounds in different fields of interest such as acute and chronic inflammation, inflammatory pain, inflammation-related diseases (e.g., autoimmune diseases), amongst others
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572888 , 9783036572895
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (98 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Carbazoles are important aromatic heterocyclic compounds isolated from plants or synthetically obtained. Today, many carbazole derivatives are used in different industrial sectors, especially in the fields of physical chemistry, materials chemistry, and pharmaceuticals. In this Special Issue, “Carbazole derivatives: latest progress and prospects”, recent studies on carbazole derivatives that are utilized, such as β1-blocking, anticancer (e.g., STAT inhibitors, microtubule-targeting agents), and antidiabetic as well as antiviral (e.g., for the treatment of COVID-19 infection) agents, are reported
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    ISBN: 9783036571850 , 9783036571843
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: Genetic aberrations and epigenetic modifications are critical drivers of cancer progression and metastasis. Although recurrent mutations in primary and metastatic cancers have been shown to be concordant, there are several metastasis-associated mutations responsible for resistance to specific therapies that are frequently located in genes that regulate DNA methylation and chromatin modifications. Recent studies have shown that distinct subgroups of poor-prognosis tumors lack genetic alterations but are epigenetically regulated, pointing to the critical role of epigenetic modifications in cancer progression. This Special Issue provides novel insights into the mechanisms underlying processes associated with cancer cell plasticity and the development of metastatic disease
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9783036569048 , 9783036569055
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Medical toxicology
    Abstract: Toxins are biologically active substances produced by most kinds of living organisms, bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. They present a vast diversity of molecular structures and target a wide variety of receptors involved in a range of physiological processes. As toxins are selected during evolution to acquire/improve their disabling/lethal effects, they display finely tuned functional properties often associated with high affinities and selectivity. Moreover, toxins are valuable tools to unravel cellular processes due to their extreme specificity for cell surface and/or intracellular targets. Therefore, toxins are very attractive compounds because of their Janus-like character; while they mostly act as deadly poisons like monstrous Mr. Hyde, they can also be tamed into good remedies like admirable Dr. Jekyll. As such, they have been primarily investigated not only for the light they can throw on fundamental physiological processes but also for their potential therapeutic applications. This reprint, emerging from the 27th Annual Meeting of the French Society of Toxinology (SFET, http://sfet.asso.fr/international), will be of great interest for those in the scientific community who want to know more about the fascinating world of toxins
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9783036569345 , 9783036569352
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Clinical & internal medicine
    Abstract: It is a great pleasure to provide you this Special Issue of Nutrients related to the 5th International Conference “Vitamin D—Minimum, Maximum, Optimum”, under the auspices of the European Vitamin D Association (EVIDAS). The conference and the forthcoming papers serve as an international forum for the presentation and discussion of current basic and clinical research in the field of vitamin D. Organizing this subsequent Special Issue was truly challenging, given that vitamin D has recently been shown by prestigious medical journals to be an epiphenomenon that coincides with diseases, and that the correction of vitamin D deficits has limited clinical meaning. On the other hand, it was recognized that vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem with potential negative consequences on health, welfare, and morbidity during growth and adulthood, therefore influencing healthcare services worldwide. Thus, due to mutually exclusive conclusions, it was essential to discuss and share scientific reports and evidence demonstrating both the benefits and lack thereof in relation to human health. Prof. Dr. Pawel Pludowski Guest Editor
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    ISBN: 9783036578460 , 9783036578477
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (256 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on relevant findings in the field of neuroscience, ranging from cognitive neuroscience, including studies on human consciousness, to clinical neurology, including studies on autism and epilepsy. Furthermore, the latest methods in the expanding field of neuroscience from cognitive to clinical subdisciplines will also be available to the readers
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    ISBN: 9783036583839 , 9783036583822
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (400 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: This reprint contains five original research papers and eight review articles for the Special Issue "Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Cancer Prevention and Intervention with Bioactive Food Components" which is guest edited by Prof. Dr. Anupam Bishayee. There is one item that indicated the correction of one review
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    ISBN: 9783036581163 , 9783036581170
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Clinical & internal medicine
    Abstract: Thrombosis is a pathophysiological phenomenon observed in acute and chronic coronary syndrome, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. Exposure of the Tissue Factor (TF) to flowing blood is followed to its binding to other coagulation factors leading to thrombin formation. Together with platelet activation, TF ultimately promotes thrombus formation. Recent advances in platelet pathophysiology have shown that these cells are able to regulate their gene/protein expression, engage in de novo protein synthesis, and release different mediators that may interfere with different cell functions. Several clinical trials have clearly shown the efficacy of anticoagulation and/or anti-platelet aggregation in different thrombotic disorders. Real-world practice clearly indicates that antithrombotic strategies need to be personalized according to patient characteristics. The combination of multiple antithrombotic drugs represents a challenging scenario and was the focus of multiple recent randomized controlled trials, with more still to come. As knowledge about platelets and the coagulation system has substantially evolved within the last few years, so should our approach to antithrombotic treatment; focused on current hurdles of antithrombotic treatments in patients with cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases, starting from the molecular mechanisms involved, proposing practical solutions to compelling clinical scenarios using a pathophysiology-oriented approach on the basis of current clinical evidence
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581286 , 9783036581293
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: In recent years, AI/ML tools have become more prevalent in the fields of medical imaging and imaging informatics, where systems are already outperforming physicians in a range of domains, such as in the classification of retinal fundus images in ophthalmology, chest X-rays in radiology, and skin cancer detection in dermatology, among many others. It has recently emerged as one of the fastest growing research areas given the evolution of techniques in radiology, molecular imaging, anatomical imaging, and functional imaging for detection, segmentation, diagnosis, annotation, summarization, and prediction. The ongoing innovations in this exciting and promising field play a powerful role in influencing the lives of millions through health, safety, education, and other opportunities intended to be shared across all segments of society. To achieve further progress, this Special Issue (SI) invited both research and review-type manuscripts to showcase ongoing research progress and development based on applications of AI/ML (especially DL techniques) in medical imaging to influence human health and healthcare systems in the diagnostic decision-making process. The SI published fourteen articles after a rigorous peer-review process across the spectrum of medical imaging modalities and the diversity of specialties depending on imaging techniques from radiology, dermatology, pathology, colonoscopy, endoscopy, etc
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  • 61
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    ISBN: 9783036583112 , 9783036583105
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: This Special Issue covers a well-balanced collection of state-of-the-art topics in the prospering and competitive field of anticancer drug design and development, which can address and inspire oncologists, biologists, and medicinal chemists among the readership of this journal
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  • 62
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582375 , 9783036582368
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Polymers in the form of films, fibers, nano- and microspheres, composites, and porous supports are promising biomaterials for a wide range of advanced biomedical applications. This Special Issue presents novel studies and new approaches in the field of biomaterials for tissue engineering and drug delivery. It includes seven original research articles and two reviews on biomaterials based on polymeric matrices with various structures, including porous composites, nanofibrous scaffolds, meshes, and hydrogels, which can include micro- or nanoparticles (graphene nanosheets, bioactive glass, and hydroxyapatite and halloysite nanotubes)
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9783036582405 , 9783036582412
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Nanomedicine is a special medical field focused on the application of nanotechnology to provide innovations for healthcare in different areas, including the treatment of a wide variety of diseases, including cancer, infections, and auto-immune disorders. The field emerged during the 1980s, aligning with the approval of the first regulatory-agency-approved nanomedical oncological drugs. Additionally, nanotechnology has played a pivotal role in the development of mRNA vaccines utilized during the COVID-19 pandemic, further establishing its enduring significance in the domains of science and biomedical innovation. The reasons for the use of nanotechnology in biomedicine can vary but are mostly the protection and/or delivery of bioactive molecules to target tissues. The general idea is to create nanoscopic platforms that can interact differently with biological systems, either through pharmacokinetic modifications or through the preferential activation of some biological pathway. The intricate biomolecular interactions that underlie the functioning of the biological system take place within the nanoscale. So, nanoparticles can be designed to be similar in size to key biological structures like large biomolecules or small organelles, enabling them to interact with biological systems in unique ways, which can improve the effects of drugs used in the treatment of certain diseases. In other words, highly distinct and improved biological effects can emerge from such interactions
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  • 64
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036580272 , 9783036580265
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (386 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Collectively, the studies presented in this reprint have used various validated biomechanical models or proposed novel methods of motion analysis to gain new insights into health-related problems and sports performance
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  • 65
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036582603 , 9783036582610
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: In recent years, peptides generated from various marine organisms have attracted wide attention due to their diverse chemical structures and bioactivities, including antioxidant, immune-modulating, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory, hypotensive, hypolipidemic, antiviral, cytotoxic, neurotoxic, anticoagulant, antifreeze, etc. Moreover, bioactive peptides can serve as additional functional components used in health foods, nutraceuticals, bio-preservatives, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. The Special Issue on “Marine Bioactive Peptides—Structure, Function, and Application” aimed to collect papers on up-to-date information regarding the preparation, structural identification, activity and functional evaluation, and application of marine bioactive peptides
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  • 66
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036559179 , 9783036559186
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is closely linked with the pathogenesis of cervical cancer and many other cancers. HPV vaccines are vaccines that prevent infection from certain types of human papillomavirus. However, despite the various prevention strategies and treatments, such as HPV screening, prophylactic HPV vaccines, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the disease burden remains heavy worldwide. Currently, three types of prophylactic vaccines—quadrivalent HPV vaccines, bivalent HPV vaccines, and a new nonavalent HPV vaccine—are commercially available. Although these vaccines protect against 90% of HPV infections, their capacity to eliminate pre-existing infections is limited. In this Topical Collection, we aim to systematically cover the progress, current status, and future prospects of various vaccines being developed for the prevention and treatment of HPV-associated lesions and cancers
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  • 67
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036579153 , 9783036579146
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: This open access Special Issue brings together original research and review articles on molecular oncology, with attention given to endometrial cancer. It highlights new findings, methods, and technical advances in molecular cancer research. The main feature of this Special Issue is that it is a platform for open-source sharing of significant works in the field of molecular oncology that can increase our understanding of endometrial cancer development, which may lead to the discovery of new molecular diagnostic technologies and targeted therapeutics.Topics include:Molecular methods to personalize endometrial cancer screening and detection;Identification and new aspects of cellular signaling molecules and pathways for target discovery, drug design, and personalized and gender medicine;DDI discovery in endometrial cancer management;Drug repurposing for endometrial cancer prevention/treatment;Molecular modeling studies
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  • 68
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036579641 , 9783036579658
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (134 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: In the last decade, the incidence of cancer in young patients has increased in several cancer types according to the US Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) data and other worldwide registries. Recently, Sung and colleagues published an extensive pooled analysis from the US in Lancet Public Health, which revealed a dramatic increase in cancer incidence among younger adults (aged 25–49 years), mainly in “obesity-related” cancers, most of which occur in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Several studies over the past decade have indicated a significant increase in colorectal cancer incidence among young adults below the age of 50 years. Current evidence suggests that the majority of early-onset GI cancers are sporadic and harbor no familial etiology, indicating the potentially significant role of environmental and behavioral factors in their pathogenesis. Furthermore, the gut microbiome has been proposed to play a key role in CRC carcinogenesis. The scope of this Special Issue of Cancers is to highlight perspectives regarding biology, etiology, late-term toxicities and quality of life which are unique and relevant to young-onset GI cancer cases
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  • 69
    ISBN: 9783036579375 , 9783036579368
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Epidemiology & medical statistics
    Abstract: This reprint brings together a group of articles that were published as a Special Issue on prosthetic joint infection in the journal Antibiotics. They cover various aspects of risk factors and prevention, medical and surgical treatment, and outcomes of prosthetic joint infections
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  • 70
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574462 , 9783036574479
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: In this Special Issue, we sought advanced knowledge in both basic and clinical research presented in original articles and comprehensive reviews highlighting the latest advances in MCC. Articles focus on but were not restricted to the molecular basis of the disease, translational investigations of biomarkers for prospective clinical applications, and innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in MCC
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  • 71
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036580845 , 9783036580852
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Clinical & internal medicine
    Abstract: Arthritis has a high prevalence globally and includes over 100 types; the most common types are rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and inflammatory arthritis. All types of arthritis share common features, including monocyte infiltration, inflammation, synovial swelling, pannus formation, stiffness in the joints, and articular cartilage destruction. The exact etiology of arthritis remains unclear, and no cure exists as of yet. Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs and corticosteroids) are commonly used for the treatment of arthritis. However, these drugs are associated with significant side effects, such as gastric bleeding and an increased risk of a heart attack and other cardiovascular problems. Therefore, it is crucial that we continue to research the pathogenesis of arthritis and novel modes of therapy. This reprint summarizes and discusses the themes of 19 articles published in our Special Issue “Research of Pathogenesis and Novel Therapeutics in Arthritis 3.0”. The reprint details important novel research discoveries that contribute to our current understanding of arthritis
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  • 72
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036578798 , 9783036578781
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: The present Special Issue will lead you to discover the association between cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, through update reviews and original articles exploring the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning this association and describing the latest results in term of cardiovascular event prevention. An interesting scientific journey that reflects the recent advances in pharmacological treatments and interventional procedures
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  • 73
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036578422 , 9783036578439
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Asthma is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease of the airways with complex etiology and mechanistic pathways and variable clinical presentation. Such heterogeneity renders the search for targeted therapies difficult. Currently, the best-known disease phenotype with tailored biological treatment is eosinophilic asthma; however, even in some of these patients, anti-IL5 treatment is ineffective. Furthermore, about a quarter of patients, especially those with a severe phenotype, develop progressive and irreversible airway obstruction, leading to persistent symptoms despite optimized treatment. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches are still needed, particularly in severe asthma. The Special Issue presents asthma research focusing on modern personalized therapeutic approaches. Particular interest is directed to novel asthma biomarkers, including molecular and epigenetic ones, shining new light on pathogenesis, phenotyping, and customized therapy in various airway inflammatory patterns of the disease. In addition, research articles on airway epithelial cell dysfunction, airway remodeling, and the overlap between asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are welcomed. Stanislawa Bazan-Socha (Guest Editors)
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  • 74
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    ISBN: 9783036575827 , 9783036575834
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (424 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Cannabis has a history of medical use dating back millennia; however, the use of cannabis for medicinal purposes fell out of favor in the middle of the last century. There is currently a renewed interest in the potential medicinal value of this plant, as well as individual compounds produced by Cannabis (as well as synthetic analogs). Currently, nearly 50 countries permit the medical use of cannabis, and over a dozen other countries have legalized cannabis-based products (CBD, Sativex, Dronabinol, etc.) for medical use. While there exists a plethora of anecdotal reports indicating that cannabis can treat a variety of diseases, there is a limited amount of strong, evidence-based scientific data to support these claims. This Special Edition of Biomedicines, “Therapeutic Potential for Cannabis and Cannabinoids”, was dedicated to providing evidence for the medicinal value of cannabis to treat human illness and disease. Topics included, but were not limited to, preclinical animal models examining the efficacy of cannabis and cannabinoid derivatives on pain, anxiety, cancer, and other diseases; and cell and molecular models of cannabinoid pharmacokinetics, drug–drug interactions, and disease treatment. These studies are of great importance not only for progressing the cannabis field, but also for validating the use of cannabis and cannabinoids as therapeutics
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  • 75
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    ISBN: 9783036562636 , 9783036562643
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Clinical & internal medicine
    Abstract: Globally, the impact of differentiated thyroid cancers has significantly increased in the last decade, resulting in growth of public health spending. Many international scientific societies are actively involved in the difficult process of building updated guidelines in response to scientific research, especially in the genetic and immunohistochemistry fields. The watch, wait, and see policy has added a new possibility for patients in selected cases. Considering the recognized international interest in this disease, this Special Issue aims to analyze the most recent acquisitions in terms of the diagnosis and therapy of differentiated thyroid cancer. It will offer the reader an updated point of view of the most illustrious endocrinology and endocrine-surgery international schools
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  • 76
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    ISBN: 9783036562377 , 9783036562384
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Medical toxicology
    Abstract: The importance of studying pollution via potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is becoming a key challenge considering the increasing concern about the presence of PTEs in the environment and their potential impacts on ecosystem functioning and public health due to their persistence and biotoxicity. Regional geochemical research, together with geostatistical computations which are used to identify source patterns of different pollutants related to the underlying geological features and/or anthropogenic activities, is the best approach for characterizing this pollution issue. The collection of research in this Special Issue, “Potentially Toxic Element Pollution in Urban and Suburban Environments”, represents the need of the scientific community to characterize the behavior, transport, fate, and ecotoxicological state of PTEs in environmental matrices in both urban and suburban settings. All the case studies collected are of relevant significance due to their quality, both in the methodologies and the achieved results, and interest to different environmental studies, from China to South Africa to Europe. My role as Guest Editor of this Special Issue was exciting and stimulating. I would like to express my appreciation to all the authors for submitting their original contributions and to the reviewers for their essential role in the process. I would like to thank the editors of Toxics and, in particular, Selena Li for her precious and tireless support
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9783036562124 , 9783036562117
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurology & clinical neurophysiology
    Abstract: Personalized medicine for Parkinson’s disease is a growing and emerging concept in light of recent recognition that Parkinson’s is a syndromic condition affecting multiple neurotransmitter systems, as well as brain and extracranial structures. The clinical expression is, thus, heterogeneous, and presentation age can range from the 30s to the 90s, with PD in older patients being associated with significant neuropathological comorbidity as well, involving not just misfolded alpha synuclein deposition but also amyloid and tau. Traditional and largely guideline-driven “one size fits all” management strategies adopted in clinical practice are, therefore, often inadequate in holistic management of a patient, particularly when aspects of motor and nonmotor symptoms are taken into consideration. In this supplement of JPM, we present a selection of papers which address several possible strands of personalized medicine in PD, ranging from genomic precision medicine to digital “checklists” to ensure delivery of holistic personalized medicine involving nonpharmacological strategies, as well. We are soliciting any papers addressing biomarkers, genetics and pharmacogenetics, treatment or complementary therapies for personalized or individualized treatment for PD
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9783036564111 , 9783036564104
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (334 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, diagnosed after the 20th week of gestation in women experiencing new-onset hypertension along with symptoms affecting the liver, kidneys, or brain. In some cases, women with preeclampsia develop novel seizures or unexplained coma, at which time they are diagnosed with eclampsia. The mechanisms contributing to preeclampsia and eclampsia are not fully elucidated, although the placenta seems to play a critical role. Previous studies suggest that improper placentation stimulates mitochondrial dysfunction and the exaggerated release of placental-derived molecules including inflammatory cytokines, anti-angiogenic factors, reactive oxygen species, and cell-free nucleic acids into the maternal circulation that cause systemic vascular dysfunction. These, along with maternally derived molecules, act in concert, leading to hypertension and target organ damage during pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia and eclampsia.In this reprint, we present the original research articles and review papers published as part of the Special Issue: "The Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia and Eclampsia" in Cells
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  • 79
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    ISBN: 9783036563381 , 9783036563398
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neurological syndrome, characteristic of patients with liver disease, that causes a wide and complex spectrum of nonspecific neurological and psychiatric manifestations, ranging from a subclinical entity such as minimal or covert hepatic encephalopathy to a deep form in which a complete alteration of consciousness can be observed: overt hepatic encephalopathy. Both minimal and overt hepatic encephalopathy have a high impact on patients, caregivers, and national health services, driving substantial consumption of economic resources. In this Special Issue, we discussed the current state-of-the-art research, address ongoing knowledge gaps, and ongoing controversies related to the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic management of hepatic encephalopathy
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  • 80
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    ISBN: 9783036561424 , 9783036561417
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This reprint contains original research and review chapters concerning the latest advancements in various topics related to pediatric fractures. Topics include fractures of the face, clavicle, shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist, pelvis, femur, and tibia; special considerations focus on osteogenesis imperfecta patients; and consideration is also given to general pediatric fracture topics, such as the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, mortality after pediatric trauma, the effects of NSAID and electronic cigarette use, and chapters on epidemiology and physical activity
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  • 81
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    ISBN: 9783036563619 , 9783036563602
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (366 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Biomaterials are an integral component of tissue engineering, and their development is crucial to the progress of new and efficient approaches in the regenerative medicine of bone, cartilage, tendons and ligaments, skin, soft-tissue wounds, cardiac muscle, vascular tissues, and neural tissues.Polymer-based biomaterials are extensively studied in the field of tissue engineering due to their biocompatible and biodegradable properties. This Special Issue is devoted to recent developments of synthetic and/or natural biomaterial scaffolds, hydrogels, polypeptides, polymer-based composites, and composites based on polymers and inorganic materials, such as bioactive ceramics and glasses. New technologies (e.g., bioprinting, additive manufacturing, etc.) used to form biomaterials for tissue engineering of three-dimensional (3D) constructs are of particular interest
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  • 82
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    ISBN: 9783036565750 , 9783036565743
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmaceutical industries
    Abstract: This reprint examines regulatory, pricing and reimbursement issues related to the market access and uptake of off-patent biologics, biosimilars, next-generation biologics and competing innovative medicines in European countries
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  • 83
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    ISBN: 9783036564470 , 9783036564463
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: The majority of newborns do not need medical interventions to manage the neonatal transition after birth. However, every year millions of newborns worldwide require respiratory support immediately after birth, and another considerable number of newborns additionally require extensive resuscitation including chest compressions and drug administration. Despite a significant increase in knowledge and development of enhanced therapy strategies over the past few years, morbidity and mortality caused by failures in neonatal transition remain an important health issue. The purpose of this reprint is to support or introduce novel concepts and add information in the area of the “Stabilization and Resuscitation of Newborns”, aiming to improve neonatal care and, as the major objective, to enhance neuro-developmental outcomes
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9783036562261 , 9783036562254
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: This reprint contains several articles where the molecular mechanisms and structural changes in target proteins on interaction with various viruses and bacteria were studied. In addition, drug-protein interactions, drug–drug interaction mechanisms, anti-Glycating, antioxidant, binding affinity, network pharmacology-driven investigations, and targeted anticancer treatments were also investigated
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  • 85
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563213 , 9783036563206
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Medical toxicology
    Abstract: This reprint contains articles published in the Special Issue entitled "Assessing Atmospheric Pollution and Its Impacts on the Human Health" in the journal Atmosphere. The research focuses on the evaluation of atmospheric pollution by statistical methods on the one hand, and on the other hand, on the evaluation of the relationship between the level of pollution and the extent of its effect on the population's health, especially on pulmonary diseases
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9783036563183 , 9783036563190
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Cardiovascular medicine
    Abstract: Essential hypertension is still an important health care problem. It is necessary to investigate its mechanisms in animal models. The potential clinical importance of such experimental research might be expected. This Special Issue concerned several important topics. First, several studies focused on the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for blood pressure elevation during hypertension development, organ damage in chronic hypertension, and drugs targeting hypertension and/or its complications. Other studies were interested in the participation of central and peripheral blood pressure control, changes in vascular structure and function, and neural, humoral, and endocrine factors. Furthermore, the contribution of altered redox signaling, chronic inflammation, microbiome changes, and interactions of genetic and environmental factors were evaluated in multiple papers. Finally, special attention was paid to the progress in pharmacological tools for the control of hypertension and associated organ damage, genetic modifications to alter blood pressure levels, and non-pharmacological interventions attenuating hypertension or its complications. The original articles or reviews covered the interesting aspects of the pathophysiology of hypertension and associated end-organ damage, the use of various experimental hypertensive models, and the importance of specific environmental factors acting in distinct phases of the ontogeny. We especially appreciate the presentation of new ideas and the critical discussion of traditional theories
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  • 87
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    ISBN: 9783036561042 , 9783036561035
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (242 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This book presents recent advances in the field of bone tissue engineering, including molecular insights, innovative biomaterials with regenerative properties (e.g., osteoinduction and osteoconduction), and physical stimuli to enhance bone regeneration
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  • 88
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    ISBN: 9783036564173 , 9783036564166
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (496 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: Advanced Blood-Brain Barrier Drug Delivery is a reprint with a summary editorial, followed by 16 chapters that cover five areas of brain drug delivery, including receptor-mediated transport (RMT), carrier-mediated transport (CMT), active efflux transport (AET), Trojan horse lipid nanoparticles (LNP), and in vivo methods for measurement of drug transport across the blood–brain barrier (BBB)
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  • 89
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562148 , 9783036562131
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Neurosciences
    Abstract: The impairment of neurogenesis may be induced after pre- and post-natal chemical and biological toxin, alcohol, or radiation exposure, drug treatment, hormone imbalances, stress, pain, hypoxia, brain trauma, malnutrition, and aging. It also occurs as a result of genetic disorders such as Down syndrome (DS), autism, fragile X syndrome (FXS), neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) epilepsy, and Huntington's disease (HD), and neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and schizophrenia; however, the causal relationship between the impairment of neurogenesis and neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders remains unknown. In this Special Issue, entitled “Induced Impairment of Neurogenesis and Brain Diseases”, original animal or cell experimental research and review papers were combined to discuss different causes of the impairment of neurogenesis, relevant neurobehavioral changes, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches. The aim is to update researchers and clinicians about the complexity of the development of the impairment of neurogenesis, the importance of the involvement of the impairment of neurogenesis in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, and to provide some clues for designing novel therapeutic approaches by targeting the impairment of neurogenesis to effectively prevent or treat different genetic, neurological, and neuropsychological disorders
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  • 90
    ISBN: 9783036561349 , 9783036561332
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmaceutical industries
    Abstract: The discovery of new drugs is one of pharmaceutical research's most exciting and challenging tasks. Unfortunately, the conventional drug discovery procedure is chronophagous and seldom successful; furthermore, new drugs are needed to address our clinical challenges (e.g., new antibiotics, new anticancer drugs, new antivirals).Within this framework, drug repositioning—finding new pharmacodynamic properties for already approved drugs—becomes a worthy drug discovery strategy.Recent drug discovery techniques combine traditional tools with in silico strategies to identify previously unaccounted properties for drugs already in use. Indeed, big data exploration techniques capitalize on the ever-growing knowledge of drugs' structural and physicochemical properties, drug–target and drug–drug interactions, advances in human biochemistry, and the latest molecular and cellular biology discoveries.Following this new and exciting trend, this book is a collection of papers introducing innovative computational methods to identify potential candidates for drug repositioning. Thus, the papers in the Special Issue In Silico Strategies for Prospective Drug Repositionings introduce a wide array of in silico strategies such as complex network analysis, big data, machine learning, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and QSAR; these strategies target diverse diseases and medical conditions: COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis, non-small lung cancer, multiple sclerosis, toxoplasmosis, psychiatric disorders, or skin conditions
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  • 91
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    ISBN: 9783036557632 , 9783036557649
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: Endocrine and neuroendocrine tumors originate from endocrine cells but are heterogeneous in terms of clinical presentation, disease outcome, and treatments available. This Special Issue addresses specific aspects of pre-clinical, clinical, and translational research and clinical management of these diseases with the aim of providing novel insights, addressing current unmet needs, and discussing future treatment perspectives
    Note: English
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  • 92
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569604 , 9783036569611
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (500 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Anti-cancer immunotherapies have generated spectacular outcomes in the clinical environment and changed treatment schemes for cancer patients. Adoptive cell therapies (ACTs), including using autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, and checkpoint blockades have emerged as the most effective treatments for certain cancers. The current challenge for cancer immunotherapies is that although some patients have benefited from the treatments, a number of cancers are resistant. The purpose of this Special Issue is to understand anti-cancer immunotherapy treatment resistance mechanisms and explore new options to provide opportunities for effective treatments
    Note: English
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  • 93
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570068 , 9783036570075
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Cardiovascular medicine
    Abstract: This reprint aims to provide an update on the biomedical imaging technologies that can be used for cardiovascular diseases, including Doppler echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography. Cardiovascular disease imaging assessment includes anatomy, hemodynamics, and tissue biomarkers, which aid the stratification of patient risk and therapy. In addition, this Special Issue includes articles that discuss the recent integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning, in order to support novel approaches to personalized image-based diagnosis
    Note: English
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9783036570082 , 9783036570099
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmaceutical industries
    Abstract: The active molecules or bioactives (i.e., polysaccharides, fatty acids, proteins, polyphenols, diterpenes, steroids and alkaloids) from algae (seaweed and microalgae) have been widely studied in recent years for multiple pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. Innovative and emerging technologies, including but not limited to ultrasounds, microwaves, electric fields, high-pressure supercritical fluids, ionic fluids and plasma, are currently being explored throughout multiple stages of the pre-treatment, extraction, isolation/purification and preservation of biomolecules from algae. This Special Issue will target research papers, reviews, short communications and perspectives on the use of novel technologies for the pre-treatment, extraction, isolation‒purification, characterization and preservation of marine compounds from algae. It will particularly focus on novel research related to algal bioactives with clear and demonstrated industrial applications and focuses
    Note: English
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  • 95
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570150 , 9783036570143
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Oncology
    Abstract: Sarcomas are a group of rare cancers that arise in connective tissues of the body. Surgical resection is pivotal for the management of locoregional disease. In locally advanced or metastatic disease settings, systemic therapy has an important role in the multidisciplinary management of sarcoma. Cytotoxic therapy has been the primary treatment for many years. However, recent advances in molecular pathogenesis, the investigation of the tumour microenvironment, changes in clinical trial design, and increased international collaboration have led to the development of histology-driven therapy. Furthermore, genomic profiling has highlighted that, while some sarcomas have complex karyotypes, others are driven by translocation, amplification, and mutation, representing targets for the development of novel therapies. Checkpoint inhibitors have been used as single agents or in combination in clinical sarcoma trials. This progress will move the therapeutic modality in sarcoma patients from the “one-size-fits-all” approach towards a more personalized therapeutic algorithm and better outcomes soon. In this Special Issue, we present original research and review articles highlighting novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of sarcoma patients
    Note: English
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  • 96
    ISBN: 9783036570730 , 9783036570723
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: Polymeric biomaterials represent an essential tool in the biomedical field. Their high biocompatibility and ability to provide adequate regenerative support are fundamental for the development of new therapeutic devices. In particular, biomaterials derived from living organisms can exhibit not only structural roles but also several non-structural functions implicated in cellular growth, migration, and differentiation. Among them, type I collagen, a ubiquitous structural protein present in the mammalian body, plays a dominant role in maintaining the biological and structural integrity of various tissues. In recent years, with the goal of developing multi-functional collagen-based devices able to better promote the functional recovery of damaged tissues, numerous studies have focused on novel techniques and methods for the development and characterization of innovative and advanced high-performance formulations. The ability to control, modify, and tune collagen-based biomaterials performance by optimizing their architecture, besides modifying their chemistry, blending with other materials/therapeutics, or developing stimuli-responsive formulations, is an extremely important knowledge to acquire when specific multi-functionalities are sought.The present Special Issue collected 12 peer-reviewed interdisciplinary contributions on the broad topic of multi-functional collagen-based biomaterials
    Note: English
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  • 97
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036567402 , 9783036567419
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (354 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic, and the disease now affects nearly every country and region. Nearly 18 months later, COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to present significant challenges to health systems, public health, and the economy of countries across both hemispheres. The morbidity and mortality of the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been significant, and various waves of disease outbreaks initially overwhelmed hospitals and clinics in many countries and continue to do so. This influences everyone, and public health countermeasures have been dramatic in terms of their impact on employment, social systems, and mental health. This Special Issue collection follows on from the Special Issue “COVID-19: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives” and provides an avenue for authors from various disciplines to provide feedback on the response to and our future global preparedness for COVID-19, as well as to disseminate critical information about SARS-CoV-2 and the associated COVID-19 pandemic
    Note: English
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  • 98
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036567693 , 9783036567686
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: This reprint is an excellent collection of articles that deal with difficult-to-treat infections in the ICU environment. Multiresistant bacteria and fungi create severe treatment problems to the physician charged with their care. We hope that this book will help everyday dilemmas and add useful information on difficult topics
    Note: English
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  • 99
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570778 , 9783036570761
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (324 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology
    Abstract: Tryptophan is a rate-limiting essential amino acid and a unique building block of peptides and proteins. This largest amino acid serves as the precursor for the important endogenous indoleamines serotonin, N-acetylserotonin, and melatonin that act as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, and neurohormones. Kynurenic acid is the most potent endogenous antiexitotoxic agent. Other highly relevant pathways of tryptophan are the reversible transamination to indole-3-pyruvate with formation related indolic acids that act as potent antioxidant agents. Tryptophan metabolites, such as melatonin, and structurally related agents, such as indole-3-propionic acid, act as potent catalytic antioxidants and bioenergetic agents that facilitate regeneration and protection against stress and aging. Several indole compounds act as uremic toxins since these agents can induce radical formation that is associated with enhanced oxidative stress and damage. The exploration of the effects of these protective and toxic tryptophan derived agents has revealed important molecular mechanisms and mediators of adaptation and aging. Research on tryptophan in nutrition and health can facilitate the development of new approaches to extend human health and life span. Amino acids are the building blocks of life that enable repair, as well as recycling and regeneration. Research on nutrients like amino acids, such as tryptophan and its metabolites, as well as peptides and proteins, or extracts containing this molecular metabolism modifiers can improve health. Research into the indololome is a new emerging and rapidly growing field of utmost relevance to science and society
    Note: English
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  • 100
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570884 , 9783036570891
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine
    Abstract: In order to be able to analyze and give proper advice on sport techniques, it is important to understand the biomechanical and physiological demands of different sports. In a coaching situation, feedback to the athlete should be given without too much delay. Over the past decades, sensor technology-related to sports monitoring has developed with huge steps. Senors are lighter, data transmission is mostly wireless, and software applications are more user-friendly. This reprint is addressed to all kinds of sensors that are currently being used for monitoring different sports
    Note: English
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