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  • Undetermined  (1,176)
  • Romanian
  • 2020-2024  (1,176)
  • 1975-1979
  • Research & information: general  (1,176)
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Language
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Year
  • 1
    ISBN: 9781803827018 , 9781803827032 , 9781803827025
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (832 p.)
    Keywords: Colleges of higher education ; Educational strategies & policy ; Research & information: general
    Abstract: The ebook edition of this title is Open Access and freely available to read online. Over past decades, scholars and practitioners around the world observed an emergence of professionals, research managers and administrators (RMAs) who play an essential role in the advancement of academic research. RMAs have extensive knowledge of the research ecosystem, including funding opportunities, proposals, budgeting and pricing, ethics, open research, project management, finance, negotiation, strategy, systems, and assessment. Until now, limited efforts have been made to investigate RMAs in a cross-regional, comparative manner, or to understand the recent surge of the profession in a larger policy context. Addressing this gap, an international group of experts share diverse perspectives to provide a comprehensive account of RMA as a profession, offer an analytical framework to understand their role in higher education and academic science. Covering countries in Africa, Australasia, East Asia and India, Western Europe, Central and Eastern Europe, the Middle East, North America, and South America, the work provides trans-cultural coverage of the profession. Drawing on theories from related fields, it also provides insights and understanding of RMAs as a social phenomenon. The Emerald Handbook of Research Management and Administration Around the World is the most comprehensive book about practitioners working in research management and administration. The book provides basic knowledge for students and professionals considering a career in this field, and serves as reference material for policymakers as well as academic researchers. By presenting evidence-based observations from around the world and discussing global trends, this text promotes social awareness of RMAs, shares state-of-the-art knowledge on the profession, and offers insights into the future of academic research
    Note: English
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9783036561356 , 9783036561363
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics
    Abstract: This reprint includes papers published in the Special Issue entitled “Land Modifications and Impacts on Coastal Areas”, with the aim of collecting multidisciplinary studies concerning the evaluation of natural and anthropic drivers inducing coastal morphodynamic modifications as well as coastal environmental changes. The volume presents studies carried out by means of in situ surveys as well as analysing remote sensing data. In order to provide the reader with a wide overview on different coastal settings and methodological approaches, case studies from Bulgaria, Cameroon, Ecuador, Ghana, Italy, Mexico, North Carolina (USA), and Spain are included in this Special Issue. It is hoped that the findings will be of interest for a wide range of investigations related to coastal analysis and management, especially for researchers and academics who could utilise exploit the provided approaches and methodologies
    Note: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563596 , 9783036563589
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics ; Pollution control
    Abstract: Human society's progress has increased the quantity of pollutants emitted into the environment. Water is one of the natural resources most affected by economic activity, with pollutants reaching water bodies without proper treatment. In this context, this book presents the latest advances and developments in statistical approaches for evaluating and forecasting water resources quality. New methodologies for analyzing and predicting the water quality that can be applied in related fields are also presented
    Note: English
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561981 , 9783036561974
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: Dinoflagellates are an important group of aquatic microbial eukaryotes, showing great diversity in life histories, ecological niches, morphology, and pigment composition. They include species with photosynthetic, heterotrophic, symbiotic, mixotrophic, and parasitic lifestyles, and encompass coral symbionts, harmful algal bloom forming species, and important fish parasites. They are present in fossil records that date back several hundred million years. Dinoflagellates include the majority of species that produce marine biotoxins, impacting aquaculture. In recent years, molecular approaches have been applied to understand dinoflagellate biology, including techniques for studying dinoflagellate ecology, physiology, basic genetics, and evolution. This Special Issue, edited by Professor Shauna Murray, is dedicated to the application and development of molecular approaches for enhancing our understanding of dinoflagellate biology
    Note: English
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036558677 , 9783036558684
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (90 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Filter-feeding in marine invertebrates is a big and important research subject, which cannot be even approximately covered by the present six articles. But although these articles deal with a limited and rather random selection of both topics and filter-feeding species, they give an update of certain aspects of important ongoing research. The articles deal with many topics, such as: filtration rates, energy budgets, growth rates, bioenergetic modeling, filter-pump design, particle-capture mechanisms, functional morphology, and hydrodynamics studied in sponges, jellyfish, mussels, and other filter-feeding marine invertebrates. This makes the Special Issue relevant for all marine biologists
    Note: English
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036565590 , 9783036565583
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites, and their biology is closely interlinked with that of their host cells. However, this relationship is two-sided. Virus–host cell interactions are clearly essential to allow viruses to facilitate their life cycles, but they also give the host cell a chance to recognize and combat virus infections. This Special Issue of Cells compiles review papers on emerging themes related to virus–host cell interactions of RNA viruses, including mechanistic details of virus uncoating, new insights into the nature and function of viral replication compartments, and the role of RNA methylation in the virus life cycle. This is complemented by primary research papers addressing virus–host cell interactions from diverse perspectives
    Note: English
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036560328 , 9783036560311
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: Antibiotic resistance represents one of the most important challenges in the world and involves humans, animals and the environment.For this reason, it is increasingly important to focus our attention on the present scenarios and the future prospects relating to this problem. The One Health approach helps us and can provide the tools to consider the problem from different points of view, also providing alternative solutions to the use of the antibiotic itself
    Note: English
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9783036563015 , 9783036563022
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Greenhouse cultivation provides an artificially controlled environment for the year-round production of vegetables, and has played an increasingly important role in agriculture production systems in recent decades. Recent works have shown that improving greenhouse conditions can promote the growth of vegetables and enhance the uptake of nutrients, leading to better vegetable quality. Meanwhile, greenhouse conditions not only directly influence soil nutrient cycling processes and properties, but also indirectly affect them by regulating vegetable root growth and plant–soil interactions. This Special Issue features twelve original research articles that deal with the effects of novel greenhouse practices and strategies on the yield and quality of horticulture crops, as well as greenhouse soil properties. Among these publications, three studied the effects of fertilizers, including organic and macro- and micro-nutrient fertilizers, on the growth and nutrient uptake of vegetables. Two articles described the effects of water and nutrient supply using irrigation or hydroponic supplying systems on the yield and quality of vegetables. Four articles investigated the effects of environmental conditions (mainly light and temperature) on the growth and quality of vegetables. In terms of degenerated greenhouse soil, three articles showed how reductive soil disinfestation decreased soil salinity, improved soil quality, and inactivated soil-borne pathogens
    Note: English
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036546612 , 9783036546629
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics
    Abstract: The sustainable development of our planet depends on the use of energy. The increasing world population inevitably causes an increase in the demand for energy, which, on the one hand, threatens us with the potential to encounter a shortage of energy supply, and, on the other hand, causes the deterioration of the environment. Therefore, our task is to reduce this demand through different innovative solutions (i.e., both technological and social). Social marketing and economic policies can also play their role by affecting the behavior of households and companies and by causing behavioral change oriented to energy stewardship, with an overall switch to renewable energy resources. This reprint provides a platform for the exchange of a wide range of ideas, which, ultimately, would facilitate driving societies toward long-term energy efficiency
    Note: English
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563220 , 9783036563237
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: Open Mathematics is a challenging notion for theoretical modeling, technical analysis, and numerical simulation in physics and mathematics, as well as in many other fields, as highly correlated nonlinear phenomena, evolving over a large range of time scales and length scales, control the underlying systems and processes in their spatiotemporal evolution. Indeed, available data, be they physical, biological, or financial, and technologically complex systems and stochastic systems, such as mechanical or electronic devices, can be managed from the same conceptual approach, both analytically and through computer simulation, using effective nonlinear dynamics methods. The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight papers that show the dynamics, control, optimization and applications of nonlinear systems. This has recently become an increasingly popular subject, with impressive growth concerning applications in engineering, economics, biology, and medicine, and can be considered a veritable contribution to the literature. Original papers relating to the objective presented above are especially welcome subjects. Potential topics include, but are not limited to: Stability analysis of discrete and continuous dynamical systems; Nonlinear dynamics in biological complex systems; Stability and stabilization of stochastic systems; Mathematical models in statistics and probability; Synchronization of oscillators and chaotic systems; Optimization methods of complex systems; Reliability modeling and system optimization; Computation and control over networked systems
    Note: English
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9783036561615 , 9783036561622
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (306 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: Marine Drugs is very pleased to host a Special Issue in honour of Prof. Dr. Peter Proksch, who served as Editor in Chief for Marine Drugs from 2005 to 2009, for his excellent research contribution
    Note: English
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570839 , 9783036570822
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (246 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: A disease model displays pathological processes observed in human or animal diseases. The models are fundamental tools in biomedical research, and they are invaluable for providing new insights into mechanisms underlying organ function, establishing the pathophysiology of a disease, and testing potential therapeutic approaches.Models have been long used to study several diseases, including cardiovascular, oncologic, metabolic, infectious, and neurological diseases, among others. Animals or cells displaying pathological processes observed in human or animal diseases have been used as models. Moreover, mathematical models are also of great importance to disease modeling. Animal models offer the unique opportunity to investigate the function of genes and pathways and the in vivo effects of drugs, bridging the gap between basic science and the treatment of diseases. The selection of a suitable model system is a crucial step in research design. For disease modeling to be meaningful, a relevant cellular or genetic phenotype must be observed. Without the use of models, both research and clinical practice worldwide would be vastly different today.This Special Issue aimed to publish original research works or reviews with models of disease, highlighting their importance to search for new therapeutic strategies
    Note: English
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563428 , 9783036563435
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Animals & society
    Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance is the intrinsic capability of microorganisms to survive unfavorable conditions; such traits are mainly transferrable through movable genetic elements, enabling the rapid and homogeneous diffusion of resistance genes over diverse ecosystems and sectors including human medicine, veterinary medicine, and the environment. In this view, the One Health approach allows for a comprehensive depiction of the mechanisms responsible for the onset and spread of antimicrobial resistance traits, as well as enabling a clear definition of the dynamics that occurs among microbial members harboring diverse ecological niches that favor the orthogonal diffusion of antibiotic resistance between apparently separate milieus
    Note: English
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569970 , 9783036569963
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (294 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Various molecular techniques based on omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, genomics) and phylogenetics have been applied in biological sciences. Molecular dynamics and approaches evolved over time into various quantitative tools that allow researchers from multiple disciplines to design different studies. The molecular-based techniques can be comprehensive and systematic, as they allow identification, resolve genetic differences, molecular docking, and prediction models of ecological niches and taxonomic ranks. Investigating genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques utilize a novel class of DNA elements, such as microsatellites from mitochondria and chloroplast and retrotransposons, resulting in genetic variations using molecular data. In addition to this, the advantages and limitations of molecular approaches have been well studied and acknowledged. The combination of molecular phylogenetic and omics techniques and expression and pathways analysis may greatly increase our capacity to understand and develop new molecular mechanisms and stress responses in biological systems. Furthermore, these techniques offer extensive opportunities for researchers to develop targeted therapy approaches and disease diagnoses using molecular data. It is necessary to evaluate and explore how data from diverse molecular techniques can be applied to different biological studies. The study and applications of molecular approaches hold significant potential for advancing genomics, proteomics, and phylogenetic techniques in biological sciences
    Note: English
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570853 , 9783036570846
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The prostate is the largest accessory gland of the male reproductive tract. Together with seminal vesicles and bulbourethral glands, the prostate is responsible for the production of an alkaline fluid that forms part of the seminal fluid. The prostates of men over 40 years of age are commonly affected by several pathologies, such as benign prostate hyperplasia and cancer. Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers among men population worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in the year 2018, prostate cancer affected approximately 1.28 million men and was responsible for the death of 358,989 of them. Prostate cancer development is associated with several risk factors, such as older age, black ethnicity, a family history of disease, an increased body mass index and obesity. In this way, the risk of prostate cancer development may be reduced through the consumption of a healthy diet full of fruits and vegetables, practice of physical exercise and maintenance of a healthy weight.Despite several approaches being available for prostate cancer treatment, the number of prostate cancer deaths is continuously increasing, which emphasizes the need to search for new methods for precocious diagnosis and more effective treatment. Animal models, including rodents, have greatly contributed to the study of biopathology and the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.This Special Issue presents original research works, case reports and reviews concerning the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of prostate cancer, highlighting new advances in this field
    Note: English
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569451 , 9783036569444
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Analytical chemistry
    Abstract: This reprint gathers 16 contributions (13 research articles and 3 reviews) covering different areas of analytical chemistry. Many of these contributions deal with the development and application in real matrices of chromatographic methods interfaced with mass spectrometry, but also spectroscopic, electrochemical, and separation methods are also proposed
    Note: English
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9783036565156 , 9783036565163
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (490 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
    Abstract: This reprint is focused on recent advances in land–atmosphere interactions and their effects on climate change over the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding regions using multisource remote sensing data and in situ measurements. Retrieval of land surface variables and surface heat fluxes as well as change monitoring in snow, glaciers, lakes, and other land-surface covers are of particular interest. Special attention is given to the retrieval of land-surface key properties, variations in land-surface heat fluxes, estimation of precipitation and evapotranspiration, change monitoring of glacier and lakes, the responses of lakes to climate change, carbon, water and heat exchange in terrestrial ecosystems, risk assessment of snow disasters, estimation of turbulence characteristics, and vegetation dynamics and its response to weather and climate. This reprint was funded by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (Grant No. 2019QZKK0103); National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42230610, 91837208, 41875031)
    Note: English
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9783036569581 , 9783036569598
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: Functional inorganic materials are an indispensable part of innovative technologies that are essential to the development of many fields of industry. The use of new materials, nanostructures, or multicomponent composites with specific chemical or physical properties promotes technological progress in electronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, biomedicine, and many other areas that are concerned with many aspects of human life. Due to the broad and diverse range of potential applications of functional inorganic materials, the development of superior synthesis pathways, their reliable characterization, and a deep understanding of the structure–property relationships in materials are rightfully considered to be fundamentally important scientific issues. Only synergetic efforts of scientists dealing with the synthesis, functionalization and characterization of materials will lead to the development of future technologies
    Note: English
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569772 , 9783036569765
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive collection of works on recent advances and developments in smart polymer hydrogels applied to the biomedical and nanotechnological fields. The research topic covers all hydrogels, including polymer hydrogels, supramolecular gels, hybrid hydrogels, metallohydrogels, etc.Stimulus-responsive polymer hydrogels have attracted considerable interest as promising smart materials due to their tremendous potential in biomedical and nanotechnological applications. They can respond to different chemical and physical external stimuli, including pH, temperature, light, enzyme activity, redox agents, the electric or magnetic field, and chemicals. Compared to single stimulus-responsive polymer hydrogels, multiple-responsive hydrogels exhibit higher flexibility and tunability to realize multiplefunctionality in a synergistic manner. The structural and phase transition of polymer hydrogels triggered by external stimuli offers enormous potential for drug delivery, tumor therapy, tissue engineering, and biodevices
    Note: English
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  • 20
    Online Resource
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570754 , 9783036570747
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a heterogeneous group of complex diseases characterized by neuronal loss and progressive degeneration of different areas of the nervous system. NDs represent a significant health problem worldwide, with an increasing incidence rate. Although the exact pathogenesis of NDs remains unclear, a complex interaction among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors has been proposed. To date, no effective therapeutics have been developed to slow, halt, or prevent any NDs. Thus, information on the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of NDs is strongly sought after. This Special Issue collected papers discussing advances in the field of NDs
    Note: English
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  • 21
    Online Resource
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568904 , 9783036568911
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: The development of mathematical models and their optimization are fundamental for the effective resolution of many problems in operational research. In recent years, increased insights into real-world problems have led to the development of new mathematical models and optimization algorithms, contributing to the development of a research area with increasing practical relevance. This Special Issue is dedicated to works at the interface of mathematical modeling, optimization, and operations research, with a special focus on their real-world applications. The interest of the scientific community was significant, with submissions from authors from different countries from five continents, including Australia, China, Egypt, India, Israel, Portugal, Russia, Saudi Arabia, and the United States of America. Ten papers were accepted for publication after thorough peer review by dedicated reviewers with expertise in the relevant fields. We are confident that the papers selected for this Special Issue will attract a significant audience in the scientific community and will further stimulate research involving the development of mathematical models and their optimization
    Note: English
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  • 22
    Online Resource
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036567860 , 9783036567877
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (126 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue aims to bring together the various aspects of plant cell tissue and organ culture with a special emphasis on the production of phytochemical compounds, considered therapeutically valuable for their antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Secondary metabolites play a key role in the diverse defense mechanisms of the plant organism in response to environmental stimuli, such as climatic fluctuations, pathogenic organisms, predatory herbivores, and competing plants. Therefore, by providing the opportunity for controlled modifications of environmental conditions, in vitro culture is an easy-to-manage experimental system that can be utilized as a source of secondary metabolites for industrial applications, as well as for food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical purposes. This Special Issue will highlight the modern use of different plant cell tissue and organ culture approaches for successfully producing plant secondary metabolites, particularly those with high economic value
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  • 23
    Online Resource
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570204 , 9783036570211
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: This reprint describes the ability of some foods or natural substances extracted by plants to counteract some of the most common diseases at present, such as obesity, diabetes, intestinal inflammatory diseases, and neurodegeneration. It is well accepted that high-fat diets that are rich in saturated fats are involved in the onset and progression of obesity and its dangerous comorbidities. It is also well accepted that a balanced diet is useful to maintain a good health status and the choice of certain foods could help to counteract the onset of chronic diseases. Foods and natural substances rich in compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties should be paid attention. Most of these foods belong to the Mediterranean Diet, and they are famous for being rich of unsaturated fatty acids, such as the oleic acid found in extra-virgin olive oil, or the omega 3 contained in fish, vitamin D and vitamin C with their high anti-oxidant capacity, and spices and nuts that can counteract inflammatory status. These substances have also anti-obesity properties, because they are able to reduce fat mass and and restore the physiological role of fat tissue. Therefore, strict adherence to this healthy diet could be enough to prevent the onset of chronic diseases linked to fatty diets or aging. The scientific data collected in this reprint could provide new insights, allowing for readers to change their own dietary habits and make more informed food choices
    Note: English
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  • 24
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036558479 , 9783036558486
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science ; Probability & statistics
    Abstract: This reprint is focuses on distributions and moments and publish papers on the theory and applications of probability and statistics. Papers include original results of symmetric random walks and their characterization, stochastic processes, stochastic integrals, martingales, probability inequalities, statistics parameter estimation, stochastic differential equations, fractional Brownian motions, continuous time random walk models, anomalous diffusion models, Black–Scholes models, Monte Carlo methods, etc. This Special Issue is focused on concepts and techniques and is oriented toward a broad spectrum of applied mathematics and sciences. Focused review articles reviewed the state of the art and identify upcoming challenges and promising solutions for the scientific community
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  • 25
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569703 , 9783036569710
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: The incidence of obesity has dramatically increased in recent decades, which has placed great pressure and a significant burden on people's lives and the economy. Drug treatment of obesity may have certain side effects, while surgical treatment also has risks and can cause negative emotions in people. Weight loss obtained through diet and exercise leads to a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the possible beneficial effects of dietary supplements, which are products intended to "supplement" the diet. In addition to vitamins, minerals and amino acids, dietary supplements can contain herbs or other botanicals and many other ingredients. They are not drugs and are not intended to treat diseases; they are adjuvants in the management of obesity and metabolic diseases. As a consequence, there is a great need to determine specific dietary supplements for the management of obesity. This will be the content of this Special Issue
    Note: English
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9783036575353 , 9783036575346
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Marine environmental conditions are very distinct in the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, and the East/Japan Sea. Physico-chemical properties and subsequently biological characteristics are different among the three seas. During the recent decades, dramatic changes in physical structure and vertical distribution of chemical properties were reported in the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, and the East/Japan Sea. However, we do not know much about the current status of the marine ecosystems in these three distinct seas to date. Since 2018, the integrated ecosystem assessment for ecosystem-based fisheries management have been implemented in the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, and the East/Japan Sea by the National Institute of Fisheries Science, Korea. This special volume will provide basic information for the current status of the marine ecosystems and an important background for the future monitoring of marine ecosystem responses to ongoing climate changes in the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea, and the East/Japan Sea
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  • 27
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575117 , 9783036575100
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Physical chemistry
    Abstract: Organogels, hydrogels, and ionic gels have been investigated both in a theoretical and experimental manner. The research performed was focused on their synthesis and applications in high-performance chemistry and its important branches. All mentioned gels were characterized from structural and supramolecular points of view by FTIR, NMR, X-ray diffraction, and POM. The keywords proposed in this reprint were as follows: organogels, hydrogels, ionic gels, chitosan, and fractal analysis. These terms were extremely pertinent to this research piece, hereby presented. As a result, all reference themes, as well as those associated with them, were touched upon in this reprint. We mention that the articles in this selection focused on one or more of the topics listed above
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9783036574189 , 9783036574196
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (510 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
    Abstract: Earth observation (EO), remote sensing (RS), and geoinformation (GI) technologies play a critical role in the study of Svalbard's environment, providing insights into the region's changes and supporting decision-making processes. This reprint presents a comprehensive overview of the applications of EO and RS technologies in Svalbard, covering a wide range of topics related to the environment. It includes contributions from leading experts in the field, providing insights into the current state of the art and future directions for research. The reprint starts by introducing the status of EO and RS in Svalbard, providing a solid foundation for readers new to the field. It then delves into specific applications of these technologies, including the monitoring of glaciers, snow cover, and permafrost using ground-, space-, and air-based RS platforms. Overall, this book aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the applications of EO and RS technologies in Svalbard, highlighting their importance in understanding and addressing the challenges faced by the region. It will be a valuable resource for researchers, students, policymakers, and practitioners in the fields of environmental science, geography, and remote sensing
    Note: English
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573946 , 9783036573953
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: This Special Issue contains an editorial and ten papers on a range of fundamental and applied topics within the area of spider ecology and behaviour with one paper on biological control, seven papers on fundamental topics within the broad areas of ecology and behaviour, and two papers focusing on novel methodologies for studying spider behaviour
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  • 30
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575704 , 9783036575711
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (236 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: To address the increasingly prominent environmental pollution and energy shortage, many countries devote themselves to green manufacturing and logistics in which some optimization problems are common and challenging, e.g., production planning and scheduling, supply chain management, location and allocation problems, vehicle routing problem, resource optimization, and pricing strategies. The present reprint contains all of the articles accepted and published in the Special Issue "Mathematical Modeling and Intelligent Optimization in Green Manufacturing & Logistics" from the MDPI Mathematics journal. This Special Issue is focused on collecting recent mathematical modeling and intelligent optimization research in green manufacturing and logistics, including operations research, game theory, (meta)heuristics, machine learning, knowledge-driven, digital twin, and so on. We hope that the scientific results presented in this reprint will serve as a valuable source of documentation and inspiration to those researching the modeling and optimization of green manufacturing and sustainable logistics
    Note: English
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573960 , 9783036573977
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (374 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Due to increasing concern about the use of pesticides and its potential side effects, this book considers the development and application of alternative, environmental-friendly, plant protection methods for the control of weeds, disease, and pests (predators, parasitoids, competitors, plant-plant interactions, microelements, biopesticides). Some of the main advantages of the measures presented in papers are the absence of toxicity to humans and vertebrates, beneficial organisms, and the environment, as well as the absence of pest resistance. In order to provide sustainable and eco-friendly food production, those are important subjects, both in conventional, organic and integrated agricultural farming. Through reviews and original research articles, this reprint covers all aspects of alternative measures in plant protection
    Note: English
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9783036575513 , 9783036575506
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: In view of the general trend that the development of the global energy industry is oriented toward green, low-carbon, and efficient utilization, scientific research teams in various fields dominated by the coal industry have conducted much research on coal and coal-like materials by borrowing the technologies and concepts of modern materials science and rock mass mechanics, hoping to explore new directions for the high value-added utilization of structural coal resources and the development of new coal-like materials. On behalf of Materials, we invited you to contribute an original research article to a Special Issue on the microstructure, characterization, and mechanical properties of coal and coal-like materials. This Special Issue aimed to showcase the latest scientific and technological achievements and cutting-edge test technologies in the study of coal and coal-like materials, with exploration of their structural change characteristics and mechanical properties under various influencing factors. Hot topics to be covered include: Analysis of mechanical properties of coal and coal-like materials;Multiscale characterization of coal and coal-like materials;Development and utilization of coal resources with high added value;Void structure and seepage characteristics of coal and coal-like materials;Establishment of constitutive relationships
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  • 33
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572727 , 9783036572734
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Maternal and infant nutrition has been on the global agenda as central to health, sustainable development, and progress in low- and middle-income countries. Micronutrients, which play a major role in the metabolism of macronutrients, cellular metabolism, and organ development of the fetus, are important for maintaining pregnancy and fetal growth. Besides, during pregnancy, there is an elevated demand for micronutrients, the excess or deficiency of which can result in an increased risk of pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. As China is a rapidly developing country with a large population, micronutrient status and its influence on maternal and infant health have always been a concern. This Special Issue aimed to estimate the influence that micronutrients can have on maternal and infant health, which provides evidence for clinical interventions and government nutrition-related policies. Additionally, this Special Issue provides study directions for research on micronutrients among pregnant women and infants. In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews were welcomed. Research areas include, but are not limited to, the following: Micronutrient status of pregnant women and infants; Relationship between micronutrients and pregnancy complications as well as birth outcomes
    Note: English
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9783036576077 , 9783036576060
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (290 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Meteorology & climatology
    Abstract: This reprint is a collection of the papers published in the Special Issue of Atmosphere entitled “Improving the Understanding, Diagnostics, and Prediction of Precipitation”. It provides atmospheric researchers and operational meteorologists with an update on recent research and its applications on precipitation prediction.As a result of rigorous peer reviews, 14 papers have been accepted for publication in this Special Issue. These articles cover topics in (a) data assimilation such as assimilation of ground-based microwave radiometers [p. 1] and combined techniques of data assimilation [p. 15]; (b) microphysical parameterizations in NWP models [p. 41]; (c) analog ensemble post-processing [p. 61]; (d) deep learning based short-term intensive rainfall forecast [p. 85], nowcasting [p. 105], and monthly forecast [p. 121]; (e) trend and projection of the long-term spatial-temporal precipitation changes [p. 145]; (f) intercomparison of satellite-based and X-band radar rainfall products [p. 167]; (g) verification of various analyzed precipitation data with observations [p. 191]; (h) climatic patterns of Meiyu and its associated circulations [p. 207]; (i) composite analysis of warm-sector heavy rainfall and its association with large-scale circulations, pre-storm environments, and mesoscale convective systems [p. 221]; and (j) precipitation diurnal cycle [p. 245] and precipitation recycling and moisture sources [p. 263]. It should be noted that all viewpoints in the published papers merely represent those authors’ viewpoints, and, certainly, they do not represent our and our organization’s viewpoints
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  • 35
    ISBN: 9783036574578 , 9783036574561
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: A combination of dry lab bioinformatic analyses and wet lab molecular experiments seems to be a major trend for biological studies. The authors of the papers included in this reprint tried to elucidate the linkage between environmental stress and molecular response, and the species investigated in each of the articles are phylogenetically and agriculturally diverse. These exemplar studies will potentially ignite more ideas and biological stories to investigate gene functions
    Note: English
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  • 36
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574509 , 9783036574516
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (196 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Consumer interest in plant-based diets has been rapidly increasing in the past decade. Non-dairy and non-meat alternatives have gone mainstream. New products are appearing in the marketplace continually. The marketplace has been driven recently by millennials and flexitarians. Food companies have focused on providing nutritious food products that satisfy the demand for alternative items that look and taste like their animal counterparts. The marketplace wants products that improve human and planetary health worldwide. Questions have arisen as to how nutritionally sound and healthy are these products. How sustainable are these plant-based diets? How significantly do they alter traditional dietary patterns? What impact do they have on food security? Do these plant-based meat and dairy alternatives help lessen environmental degradation? Are the new products considered ultra-processed foods? What are the barriers and motivations that drive people to switch to a plant-based diet? Will plant-based diets help in the goal to greatly diminish malnutrition and over-nutrition (leading to obesity) around the world? These questions challenge scientists to provide meaningful answers through their ongoing research. Some of these issues are discussed in this reprint, based upon the latest research
    Note: English
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575636 , 9783036575629
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (446 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry
    Abstract: This Special Issue, entitled the “Synthesis of Heteroaromatic Compounds”, is an outstanding collection of fourteen original research papers and six review articles that discuss the advances made in both conventional and green preparatory methods, as well as the properties and applications of heteroaromatic molecules in industrial and medicinal chemistry areas of study.The collected works featured herein collate contributions from a truly international and diverse array of ninety experts in the fields of heteroaromatic compound synthesis, QSAR studies, computational chemistry and molecular docking, as well as bioactivity studies
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  • 38
    ISBN: 9783036573809 , 9783036573816
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (404 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: The correct management of territory and its planning based on scientific criteria in the face of the anthropogenic impacts of human activities is one of the main challenges in the 21st century. This publication includes some of the latest advancements in environmental planning and spatial analysis related to the ecological management of territory from a multidisciplinary perspective. The research papers from different researchers, scholars and experts in this field included in this collection were published by the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health after undergoing a rigorous anonymous peer review process
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  • 39
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036561691 , 9783036561707
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: This book showcases the advanced and emergent research in the field of biosaline agriculture from salinity mapping and plant breeding for a salinity-resistance purpose to the value-chain development of salt-tolerant crops
    Note: English
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  • 40
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575094 , 9783036575087
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (250 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Forestry & related industries
    Abstract: This reprint contains 12 high-quality original research and reviews papers by 62 authors from 10 countries on 3 continents: Asia (China, India, Indonesia, and Malaysia), Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Portugal, Romania, and Ukraine), and Africa (South Africa). These papers were published in a Special Issue, “Recent Developments in Eco-Friendly Wood-Based Composites II”, of the journal Polymers. These papers provide examples of the most recent developments in eco-friendly wood-based composites
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  • 41
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573731 , 9783036573724
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (324 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: Polymeric products made from petrochemical polymers are extremely stable in environmental conditions. After their exploitation, this becomes a serious problem for the environment. Most of the products made of plastic are stockpiled in landfills, and the decomposition time of such products is often several hundred years. The solution to this problem may be the use of biodegradable polymers derived from renewable materials, undergoing a process of biodegradation.Biodegradable polymers are distinctly different than regular polymers in material characteristics. Biodegradable polymers like any other polymer can be processed using conventional techniques such as injection molding, extrusion, and compression molding. Furthermore using appropriate methods of modification, new or improved properties of materials can be obtained. However, the distinct narrow modification and processing window makes them a challenge to modify or process.Continuing technological progress in the modification and processing of biodegradable polymers leads not only to the enhancement of the product quality, but also to the reduction of their prices. As a result, biodebradable polymers may be used to produce both common-use articles or packaging materials, as well as more complex engineering applications.In this reprint, we aimed therefore to publish original work and reviews about the current trends and technologies for the modification and processing of biodegradable polymers and its composites aimed at improving their properties and extending the application possibilities
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  • 42
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576817 , 9783036576800
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: A change from a consumer society to a sustainable and conserver society must focus on for the welfare of the planet and future generations through balance rather than by maximizing the exploitation of resources. This will bring about further growth as an option for both per capita consumption and the population. Muddled and tepid responses make it clear that the society has not developed a vision of what a truly sustainable society looks like. It is essential to bring awareness to the possibility of creating a sustainable society which will incorporate sustainable development goals (SDGs) to generate a future with more possibilities. In order to move towards a sustainable society, it is vital to provide the highest standard of wellbeing, from an environmental, human, and economic perspective. We can contribute by providing technical and scientific studies that can be accessed freely and implemented by all. These works cover the important parameters that can be addressed to achieve sustainability, such as being energetically sustainable, resource-sustainable, environmentally sustainable, fiscally sustainable, and socially sustainable
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  • 43
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576671 , 9783036576664
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (210 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Forestry & related industries
    Abstract: This reprint contains 12 high-quality original research papers by 74 authors from 17 countries on 3 continents: Asia (China, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Russia), Europe (Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine, and the United Kingdom), and North America (USA). These papers were published in a Special Issue, “Performance and Modification of Wood and Wood-Based Materials”, of the journal Forests. They provide examples concerning conventional and novel modification processes of wood and wood-based materials, their improved/modified properties, and their relevant applications
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  • 44
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576213 , 9783036576206
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (388 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: The development of science has led to the emergence of many new modern materials, which also require more advanced tools for their characterization and analysis. NMR and MRI are certainly among such tools, also due to their continuous development, which has made them more powerful, versatile, and sensitive. With these advances, these two techniques have been able to address many open problems associated with the emergence of new materials.This reprint comprises a collection of advanced NMR and MRI techniques and methods, together with a demonstration of their application to the target materials for which they were designed and optimized. These are presented in 25 original, peer-reviewed articles for the Special Issue in the MDPI journal Molecules. The topics covered include MR methods in pharmaceutical research, NMR in cement research, MR methods in wood research, diffusion in materials, characterization of materials by NMR relaxometry, NMR spectroscopy of materials, and MRI of materials
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  • 45
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573199 , 9783036573182
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics
    Abstract: "Polymer Biodegradation and Polymeric Biomass Valorization" is devoted to the current trends in research on the biodegradation of waste polymer materials, both of natural (cellulose and chitin) and artificial origins. New methods of management and valorization in accordance with the hierarchy of the waste pyramid by means of new methods and technologies, as well as the development of new bioremediation techniques, are also of interest to this reprint. In addition, recycling, recovery, and ways to produce and research new environmentally friendly polymeric materials are at the center of interest
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  • 46
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036562674 , 9783036562681
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited disease that starts in utero. It is caused by a defective protein called the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and while the effects are seen throughout the body, changes in the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and liver primarily impact nutritional status. Survival and pulmonary function have been linked to nutritional status. Malnutrition and growth failure were historically the hallmark of disease. Patients with pancreatic insufficiency require pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy and fat-soluble vitamin supplements. With improvements in many areas including newborn screening, nutrition supplements, pancreatic enzymes, CFTR modulator drugs, inhaled antibiotics and mucolytics, life expectancy has increased. In this issue, we will review the latest information in children and adults regarding important factors that play a role in optimizing nutrition status, including body composition, the gut microbiome, food security, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, growth and bone health, and micronutrient abnormalities. Pediatric and adult providers both need to be aware of the nuances of care as more patients with CF become adults. Optimizing nutritional status, anticipating and preventing the complications of CF will result in best management practice
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  • 47
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575193 , 9783036575186
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (212 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Forestry & related industries
    Abstract: Air pollution and the changing climate are some of the greatest threats to the health and functioning of forest ecosystems, strongly jeopardizing their ecological and economic functions as well as services. The impact of increasing temperatures and extreme weather events (droughts, storms, temperature and precipitation extremes) on the vitality of forest trees is often difficult to separate from the impact of pollution, such as nitrogen deposition and tropospheric ozone, as they can exhibit synergistic effects. The use of indicators is elementary in modern forest ecophysiological research, as they help us to disentangle complex interactions between trees and various stress-inducing factors as well as better estimate the level of damage to trees and forest ecosystems.Eleven papers are included in this Special Issue, with wide-ranging topics from various disciplines but centered around tree responses to environmental stress. The task of this Special Issue is twofold: one, to remind us that a better understanding of the physiological processes influencing tree vitality under the changing climate and air pollution pressures requires considerable research efforts and constant advancements in research methods and approaches; two, to highlight the fact that the environmental pressures instigating the use of tree stress response indicators are more present than ever, and will likely continue to affect tree vitality in the foreseeable future
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  • 48
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574097 , 9783036574080
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint represents a general view of what and how the research on plants at the molecular level (genetics, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and so on) contributes to a good equilibrium among human needs, food security, and future strategies for mitigating the effects of global climate changes. Now more than ever, it is critical to understand the genetics and evolution of the gene mechanisms and the networks of different molecular pathways acting on plant abiotic stress tolerance in order to find new solutions for modern agricultural problems.This reprint is full of technical and specialized terms and, for this reason, its target audience is scientists and students trained in plant functional genomics, breeding, agronomy, and genetics. It is an exciting virtual tour through plant molecular responses to various environmental stresses, and new ideas and applications will be derived
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9783036576305 , 9783036576312
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (450 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
    Abstract: Currently, with the popularity of smart devices, assured Position Navigation and Time (PNT) is critical for these devices and some fundamental infrastructures, i.e., the power grid. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is dominant in providing PNT information due to its coverage and high accuracy. However, its signals are weak, and it is vulnerable; multipath and None-Line-Of-Signals (NLOS) are the major errors that occur with regard to the GNSS in applications in urban areas. Advanced signal processing methods are expected to improve its resilience and assurance. In addition, the GNSS is fragile to interference and spoofing, which should be emphasized for unmanned systems and smart devices. This Special Issue aimed to provide a platform for researchers to publish innovative work on the advanced technologies for position and navigation under GNSS signal-challenging or -denied environments
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    ISBN: 9783036574646 , 9783036574653
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Abstract: Due to the high prevalence of Eating Disorders (ED) and obesity over the life-spam and the increasing comorbidity between both conditions, the goal of this Special Issue, “Eating Disorders and Obesity: Through the Life Course”, was to approach that situation from a broader perspective. We would like to have multidisciplinary contributions, approaching ED and Obesity as potential continuum (eg. Anorexia nervosa and obesity as extreme dimensions), looking not only to shared and differential risk factors (environmental, temperamental, biological, nutritional and neuroendocrinological between ED and obesity), but also to epidemiological studies exploring transition from one to the other, through the life-course, and its impact on the treatment outcome. We were expecting to have systematic reviews and empirical studies (cross-sectional and longitudinal manuscripts), coming from all over the globe
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571898 , 9783036571881
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Physical chemistry
    Abstract: Grateful thanks are given to Dr. Fouad El Monsouri and coworkers for contributing Chapter 1, which deals with ground water contamination with nitrate. Thanks are due to Dr. Arcadius Martininen Agassin Ahogle and coworkers for contributing Chapter 2, dealing with the assessment of soil organic carbon. Grateful thanks are provided to Dr. Puttapati Sampath Kumar and coworkers for contributing Chapter 3, dealing with the exploitation of eucalyptus leaves for electrode fabrication in supercapacitors. Indebtedness is due to Dr. Almaz S Jalilov and coworkers for contributing Chapter 4, dealing with the production of activated carbon from petroleum waste (vacuum residue). Thanks are due to Dr. Yongdan Li and coworkers for contributing Chapter 5, dealing with the use of exhausted olive pomace for the production of fuel for direct carbon fuel cells (DCFC). Grateful thanks are due to Dr. Roberta Mota-Panizio and coworkers for Chapter 6, dealing with the development of a concept for the production of essential oils and biomethane from biomass waste. Thanks are due to Dr. Vitali Nitsenko and coworkers for contributing Chapter 7, dealing with the modelling studies on the yield of biogas from organic mass. Thanks are due to Dr Imane Moulefera and coworkers for contributing Chapter 8, dealing with the adsorption of atenolol. Grateful indebtedness is due to Dr. Denis Mirohnichenko and coworkers for contributing Chapter 9, dealing with the development of bioedegradable polymer gels. Finally, indebtedness is due to Dr. Steven C Peterson and coworkers for contributing Chapter 10, dealing with the production of porous and polar biochar for composite applications
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  • 52
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573762 , 9783036573779
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: The present reprint contains five articles accepted and published in the Special Issue “Logic and Computation 2023” of the MDPI “Mathematics” journal, covering several topics on computing science based on some form of logic. These topics include the model theory for formal logic-based formal specification and programming, logic mining and logic for games. It is hoped that the reprint will be interesting and useful for those working in the area of applying logic to computing
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  • 53
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572802 , 9783036572819
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: This book focuses on the rapid development of the social economy which is accompanied by the continuous growth of energy demand, such as in the heavy industry, agriculture sector, and tourism sector. Meanwhile, large-scale energy consumption in the short term has increased the risk to the energy supply and ecological safety. This has contributed to the exploration and exploitation of energy supply risk management, carbon emission reduction, and renewable energy technological innovation, aiming to solve the bottlenecks in energy and environmental economics. Thus, this book aims to present and disseminate the most recent advances related to the theory, design, modelling, and application of all types of energy and environmental economics
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  • 54
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574714 , 9783036574707
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Physical chemistry
    Abstract: The application fields of colloid and interface chemistry are very wide, covering many aspects such as industrial and agricultural production, daily chemistry, enhanced oil recovery, and so on. The traditional experimental analysis of a colloid and interface chemistry system includes various instrumental analysis methods such as spectroscopy, rheometer, microscopes, etc. In recent decades, molecular simulation has become an important research method in this field. It can investigate at the molecular level and provide mechanisms or insights that are hard or even impossible to obtain from an experiment. Many applications of molecular simulation have been reported in the literature, such as the behavior of surfactant, self-assembly, enhanced oil recovery, adsorption around interface, etc. This reprint has collected ten research articles which relate to the application of molecular dyamics simulation in colloide and interface chemistry
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  • 55
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573823 , 9783036573830
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: This reprint is devoted to studying RE-doped bulk and nanocrystalline materials from a scientific point of view and to presenting their possible applications in any field. This reprint is intended to serve as a unique multidisciplinary forum covering all aspects of science, technology and applications of rare-earth-doped crystals, starting from the growth techniques with specific attention to the optical and spectroscopic properties of these materials and their applications
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  • 56
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574110 , 9783036574103
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: Environmental issues have attracted great attention with the pursuit of a high quality of life, and the effective removal of environmental pollutants is a great challenge today. This includes two topics: one is to remove the pollutants produced post-treatment, and the other is to synthesize chemicals by a green route, avoiding producing pollutants in the process.Catalytic technology is an effective way to solve environmental problems, which can facilitate the conversion of pollutants to nontoxic or even useful chemicals. Thus, this reprint focuses on resolving the environmental problems by a catalysis technology, including photocatalysis, thermocatalysis, and electrocatalysis. Research works relating to the catalytic removal of pollutants or the catalytic synthesis of chemicals by a green route are reported
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  • 57
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    ISBN: 9783036573618 , 9783036573601
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue, "Scientific Papers by Developmental Biologists in Japan", represents a collection of high-quality review articles, research articles, and communications on the development of multicellular organisms at the molecule, cell, tissue, organ, and whole-organism level, which were written and submitted by developmental biologists working in Japan
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9783036572468 , 9783036572475
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (406 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: The present reprint contains all of the articles accepted and published in the Special Issue " Advances in Artificial Intelligence and Statistical Techniques with Applications to Health and Education" from the MDPI journal Mathematics. This Special Issue aims to develop more efficient and effective approaches to healthcare and education, leveraging the increasing availability of big data and advancements in artificial intelligence. By sharing new methods, applications, and case studies, this reprint is dedicated to the development of innovative solutions that improve healthcare and education for all. The topics addressed in this Special Issue cover a wide range of areas, including data mining, machine learning, learning analytics, prediction methods, pattern recognition, decision analysis, probabilistic reasoning, fuzzy systems, student or patient modelling, adaptive systems, collaborative systems, recommendation systems, experimental design, and empirical study cases. We hope that this reprint will enable the scientific community in both medicine and education to leverage the techniques from statistics and artificial intelligence to drive significant advances in their respective fields. These approaches hold promise for improving patient outcomes and enhancing the quality of education for students around the world
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9783036571805 , 9783036571812
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (42 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This book focuses on advanced research topics on human lactation, such as breastfeeding experiences, milk composition and production, COVID-19 and human milk, food allergens in human milk, the human milk microbiome, and the impacts of human milk on infant growth and development. The symposium proceedings aim to add diversity, passion, and innovation to lactation research and have a positive impact on mothers, infants, and communities worldwide, showcasing integrative mother/infant-centered research
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  • 60
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574233 , 9783036574226
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint is a collection of articles belonging to the Special Issue Advances in Metabolic Profiling of Biological Samples of Metabolites. The Special Issue is dedicated to reviews and original articles covering the current methodological and technological advancements in the pre-analytical handling of biological samples, sample preparation protocols, analytical approaches for untargeted and targeted metabolic profiling, and metabolite annotation tools
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  • 61
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036572406 , 9783036572413
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (138 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: This reprint covers different aspects of the West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito-borne pathogen that belongs to the Flavivirus genus (family Flaviviridae). The virus is maintained in nature in a rural cycle between mosquito vectors, mainly Culex species, and avian hosts. Spillover from this cycle occasionally results in outbreaks in horses and humans. In severe cases, the infection can induce neurological signs, such as meningitis and encephalitis, and in some cases, it can lead to death. The virus has spread across the world in this century, including its expansion in the Americas since 1999, and an increase in the number of outbreaks and its severity has been observed in Europe in recent years. Considering all these aspects, an approach including public, animal and environmental health is the best option to increase the knowledge of this problem, making this disease an excellent example of a “One Health” issue. Bearing in mind this multidisciplinary aspect, the volume includes contributions related to the pathogenesis, vaccines, diagnosis and epidemiology of the virus both in humans and animals
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  • 62
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571775 , 9783036571768
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Botany & plant sciences
    Abstract: Today, researchers are focused on studying and identifying new products that can be beneficial for both food and pharmaceutical purposes. In this context, sprouts and microgreens are widely recognized as functional foods due to their high nutritional value, and in particular, their high bioactive compound content, which is mainly composed of phytochemicals. However, despite extensive research on the germination of species cultivated under optimal conditions, knowledge gaps remain regarding various aspects of sprout and microgreen production. To address this research issue, interdisciplinary collaboration is crucial. This involves the identification of novel species for edible sprout cultivation, the exploration of innovative strategies to stimulate bioactive compound production, and the development of new “nutraceutical” foods. Moreover, it is imperative to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of the consumption of microgreens. This reprint presents cutting-edge research on sprouts and microgreens, providing valuable insights for the academic community
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  • 63
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571935 , 9783036571928
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Geography
    Abstract: The application of novel experimental tools in many scientific fields has created an urgent need for an improved understanding of many new physical phenomena that emerge under such conditions. In particular, phenomena that occur in low-dimensional systems have drawn the interest of many experimental and theoretical groups globally. The aim of this reprint is to provide an overview of the current research in low-dimensional systems by attracting contributions from a number of specialists in the field. This way, we attempt to provide important insights on the large variety of scientifically fascinating and technologically important phenomena that are currently being investigated. The covered topics include original research articles on the fundamental principles and experimental aspects that apply to various low-dimensional systems, such as quantum dots, graphene systems, ultrathin films, superconducting films, novel nanoscale devices, etc. This reprint includes research papers from both theoretical and experimental groups. Many phenomena are studied from a multi-disciplinary perspective in such a way as to explore key important developments in the field
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  • 64
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571294 , 9783036571287
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (392 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Botany & plant sciences
    Abstract: Light is the main source of energy for the primary process that sustains life on our planet, known as photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the strategy adopted by many living organisms for capturing and incorporating energy, and it is under this context that light is primarily experienced, explored, and exploited. Plants perceive information from the ambient environment and communicate with other organisms using light. They have developed a plethora of photoreceptors that permit this communication with the surrounding environment. Additionally, the physical properties of light, such as the spectral quality, irradiance, intensity, and photoperiod, play an integral role in the morphogenesis, growth, and metabolism of many biochemical pathways in plants.To facilitate photosynthesis in controlled environments, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have been shown to offer interesting prospects for use in plant lighting designs in controlled-environment agriculture (greenhouses) and growth chambers for in vitro cultures. In high-technology greenhouses (for instance, vertical agriculture), artificial light may assume both assimilative (optimizing photosynthetic efficiency) and control functionality (guiding growth and development or the synthesis and accumulation of plant metabolites). In vitro cultures are regulated by different factors, and among them, light is the most important
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  • 65
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573847 , 9783036573854
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (172 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins threaten plant and animal health and cause economic losses. This book focuses on the recent research progress into pathogenic fungi and mycotoxins in China. The molecular mechanisms of mycotoxin biosynthesis and pathogenic fungi growth and development are reported from the perspectives of transcription regulation, histone modification and enzymes, providing a theoretical basis for discovering new control targets. This Special Issue not only includes a review about the microbial degradation of mycotoxins, but also discusses several new chemical and biological methods which inhibit the biosynthesis of mycotoxin. Special attention is also given to the effect of nutrition on the production of mycotoxins. Some papers have also been collected about detection assays and the risk assessments of mycotoxins. The fundamental and applied research into mycotoxins is not only of particular interest but is also important for reducing economic losses
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    ISBN: 9783036571164 , 9783036571171
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: In this Special Issue, authors from nine countries on five continents provide overviews on and insights into current research topics related to the ‘Genetic Complexity of Hormone-Sensitive Cancers’. The chapters cover topics on completely novel technologies and instruments revolutionizing our view of biological entities, and also, novel extensions and revisions of existing and well-established technologies such as genetic probes and bar-coding techniques, which add a new dimension to microscopy, as they allow us to visualize DNA sequences and mRNA in situ. With this Special Issue, the editors wanted to create a forum for the international biomedical research community to compile their data on the genetic complexity of cancer in a unique resource. While this collection of articles cannot certainly claim completeness in any way, it represents an attractive collection of the different aspects of hormone-dependent cancers and will hopefully encourage further targeted research
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9781800644106 , 9781800644113
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (170 p.)
    Keywords: Research methods: general ; Research & information: general ; Research & development management ; Data capture & analysis ; Data mining ; Biology, life sciences ; Medical bioinformatics
    Abstract: This book is an introduction to the language of systems biology, which is spoken among many disciplines, from biology to engineering. Authors Thomas Sauter and Marco Albrecht draw on a multidisciplinary background and evidence-based learning to facilitate the understanding of biochemical networks, metabolic modeling and system dynamics. Their pedagogic approach briefly highlights core ideas of concepts in a broader interdisciplinary framework to guide a more effective deep dive thereafter. The learning journey starts with the purity of mathematical concepts, reveals its power to connect biological entities in structure and time, and finally introduces physics concepts to tightly align abstraction with reality. This workbook is all about self-paced learning, supports the flipped-classroom concept, and kick-starts with scientific evidence on studying. Each chapter comes with links to external YouTube videos, learning checklists, and Integrated real-world examples to gain confidence in thinking across scientific perspectives. The result is an integrated approach that opens a line of communication between theory and application, enabling readers to actively learn as they read. This overview of capturing and analyzing the behavior of biological systems will interest adherers of systems biology and network analysis, as well as related fields such as bioinformatics, biology, cybernetics, and data science
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9783036565736 , 9783036565729
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (268 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Botany & plant sciences
    Abstract: Halophytes are a fascinating group of wild plants adapted to highly saline natural habitats, where most plant species and all our conventional crops would not survive. In fact, some halophytes can withstand even seawater salinity. In the current climate change scenario, increasing average temperatures and drought episodes contribute to the accelerated salinisation of irrigated cropland, especially in arid and semiarid regions, by the progressive accumulation in the soil of salts dissolved in irrigation water. This ‘secondary salinisation’ is one of the major causes of reducing crop yields worldwide. In this context, halophytes represent ideal experimental systems to investigate the mechanisms plants use to respond to high-salinity conditions. This knowledge will be essential for the genetic improvement of crop salt tolerance, which represents the most sensible strategy to address the abovementioned problem. Furthermore, halophytes could be the basis of a sustainable, ‘saline’ agriculture, after domestication and some breeding to improve agronomic characteristics. Then, they could be commercially cultivated for food, feed, fibre, or the production of biomolecules of industrial interest. Since they could be grown in saline land and irrigated with brackish water, they will not compete with our conventional crops for these limited resources, fertile land and good-quality water for irrigation. The articles included in this Special Issue address these different aspects of halophytes’ research, although most focus on basic studies on salt-tolerance mechanisms
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    ISBN: 9783036561219 , 9783036561226
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is an incurable connective tissue disease with an unclear etiology characterized by vasculopathy, dysregulation of the immune response, and progressive tissue fibrosis affecting the skin, lungs, digestive tract, heart, and kidneys. The collection of six original research manuscripts and five review articles included in this book highlights the most recent advances in this field and provides further elucidation of the pathogenesis, natural disease course, and treatment of this challenging disease
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    ISBN: 9783036561967 , 9783036561950
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Abstract: In irrigated agriculture, the study of the various ways water infiltrates into the soils is necessary. In this respect, soil hydraulic properties, such as soil moisture retention curve, diffusivity, and hydraulic conductivity functions, play a crucial role, as they control the infiltration process and the soil water and solute movement. This Special Issue presents the recent developments in the various aspects of soil water movement in irrigated agriculture through a number of research topics that tackle one or more of the following challenges: irrigation systems and one-, two-, and three-dimensional soil water movement; one-, two-, and three-dimensional infiltration analysis from a disc infiltrometer; dielectric devices for monitoring soil water content and methods for assessment of soil water pressure head; soil hydraulic properties and their temporal and spatial variability under the irrigation situations; saturated–unsaturated flow model in irrigated soils; soil water redistribution and the role of hysteresis; soil water movement and drainage in irrigated agriculture; salt accumulation, soil salinization, and soil salinity assessment; effect of salts on hydraulic conductivity; and soil conditioners and mulches that change the upper soil hydraulic properties and their effect on soil water movement
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    ISBN: 9783036560984 , 9783036560977
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (282 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This Special Issue comprises 15 papers broadly outlining current trends in nucleic acid biophysics. It contains original research papers and reviews on structure, stability, and interactions of canonical and non-canonical nucleic acids. The authors describe the use of established, time-honored experimental and computational techniques as well as their more recently developed counterparts. Molecular insights that can be gained from the papers collected in this issue range from the fundamental to the applied with emphasis on biological functions and biomedical prospects of nucleic acids. The collection is not meant to be exhaustive, but to highlight recent advances from select laboratories worldwide. Nevertheless, it represents a useful guide for scientists who wish to familiarize themselves with biophysical topics in nucleic acid research. This Special Issue will be useful both for researchers who study fundamental aspects of nucleic acid structure, stability, and dynamics, as well as for those that are mainly interested in practical biological and biomedical applications of nucleic acids
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    ISBN: 9783036564548 , 9783036564555
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on different techniques and strategies to obtain high-quality crystalline structures of biological macromolecules via X-ray diffraction and synchrotron radiation. Contributions cover various aspects ranging from the fundamentals of crystal growth of biomolecules with biomedical applications and materials science through to the biotechnological applications of crystals
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9783036563978 , 9783036563961
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Natural hazard events and technological accidents are separate causes of environmental impacts. Natural hazards are physical phenomena active in geological times, whereas technological hazards result from actions or facilities created by humans. In our time, combined natural and man-made hazards have been induced. Overpopulation and urban development in areas prone to natural hazards increase the impact of natural disasters worldwide. Additionally, urban areas are frequently characterized by intense industrial activity and rapid, poorly planned growth that threatens the environment and degrades the quality of life. Therefore, proper urban planning is crucial to minimize fatalities and reduce the environmental and economic impacts that accompany both natural and technological hazardous events
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9783036556659 , 9783036556666
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: Consumers and stakeholders are increasingly demanding that the meat industry guarantees high-quality meat products with stable and acceptable sensory and safety properties. To do this, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms that underlie the conversion of muscle into meat, as well as the impact of pre- and post-harvest procedures on the final quality and safety of meat products. Over the last two decades, sophisticated OMICs technologies—genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, peptidomics, metabolomics and lipidomics, also known as foodomics—have been powerful approaches that extended the scope of traditional methods and have established impressive possibilities of addressing meat quality issues. Foodomics were further used to elucidate the biological basis/mechanisms of phenotypic variation in the technological and sensory quality traits of meat from different species. Overall, these techniques aimed to comprehensively study the dynamic link(s) between the genome and the quality traits of the meat that we eat compared to traditional methods, hence improving both the accuracy and sensitivity thanks to the large quantities of data that can be generated. This Special Issue focused on the cutting-edge research applications of OMICs tools to characterize or manage the quality of muscle foods. The research papers applied transcriptomics, targeted and untargeted proteomics, metabolomics, and genomics, among others, to evaluate meat quality, determine the molecular profiles of meat and meat products, discover and/or evaluate biomarkers of meat quality traits, and to characterize the safety, adulteration, and authenticity of meat and meat products
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9783036562759 , 9783036562766
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the theoretical principles and practical adoption of remote sensing approaches and datasets in understanding the nexus between urbanization, natural landscapes, urban micro-climate, climate change and Urban Heat Islands. Urbanization, characterized by natural landscape transformation, influences thermodynamics, surface energy and micro- and macro climate perturbations. These changes result in environmental deterioration that in turn adversely affects bio-physical processes and quality of urban life. A major consequence of urbanization is the Urban Heat Island (UHI). It is anticipated that the increased UHIs, in concert with the increasing anthropogenic activities, will further increase the vulnerability of urban landscapes to climate-related disasters such as floods and heatwaves. Recent advances in optical and thermal remotely sensed datasets offer great potential in understanding the relationship between urban bio-physical characteristics and UHIs. Hence, this reprint provides a basis for understanding urban ecological and thermal patterns, which is critical for the management of urban physical, ecological and social processes within a remotely sensed data framework. This reprint should be of interest to both specialists and generalists interested in, among other fields, urban planning, ecological conservation, the urban micro-climate, and climate change
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    ISBN: 9783036562650 , 9783036562667
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: At present, the increasing demand for novel biotechnological products is supported through the continuous development of biocatalytic applications. As a consequence, the progress of research regarding enzymatic catalysis in aqueous, non-aqueous, organic (polar or non-polar), and/or non-solvent media is decisive. Experimental design methods, which also may comprise in silico studies, the design of specific reactors and conditions, the reactions of significant chemical and/or biochemical processes that are relevant to industrial production, enzyme kinetic methods, the investigation of enzymatic mechanisms and the use of immobilized enzymes and/or microbial cells on various inert matrices, are all useful. A plethora of enzymes of several classes, which may potentially be used as biocatalysts in biotechnological applications, are available. Among these enzymes, the more common are oxidoreductases (laccase, catalase, glucose oxidase, etc.), hydrolases (amylases, lipases, proteases, amidases, cellulases, esterases, etc.), isomerases (epimerases, topoisomerases, mutases, etc.), and others. By means of the aforementioned biocatalysts and the utilization of specific biotechnological methods, important, cost-effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly processes have been applied for the synthesis and/or the conversion of a huge number of market-required products
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036558295 , 9783036558301
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (318 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on recent aspects of gravitational theory and cosmology. It contains subjects of particular interest for modified gravity theories and applications to cosmology, special attention is given to Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet, f(R)-gravity, anisotropic inflation, extra dimension theories of gravity, black holes, dark energy, Palatini gravity, anisotropic spacetime, Einstein–Finsler gravity, off-diagonal cosmological solutions, Hawking-temperature and scalar-tensor-vector theories
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9783036563718 , 9783036563701
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (290 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: The climate changes that are becoming visible today are a challenge for the global research community. In this context, renewable energy sources, fuel cell systems, and other energy generating sources must be optimally combined and connected to the grid system using advanced energy transaction methods. As this reprint presents the latest solutions in the implementation of fuel cell and renewable energy in mobile and stationary applications, such as hybrid and microgrid power systems based on the Energy Internet, Blockchain technology, and smart contracts, we hope that they will be of interest to readers working in the related fields mentioned above
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    ISBN: 9783036560724 , 9783036560717
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: In this Special Issue of Crystals, entitled "Crystallographic Studies of Enzymes (Volume II)", eleven research papers on key findings and methodologies of structure, function, and reaction mechanisms of enzymes are presented
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    ISBN: 9783036565651 , 9783036565644
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (220 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: This Special Issue addresses both new scientific insights and technological advances of gluten-free product development exploring alternative ingredients for the development of gluten-free products aiming to mimic the unique viscoelastic properties of gluten as a gas retention ingredient during fermentation, water binding and enabler of starch gelatinization on baking, and a bread flavor enhancer via gluten-related proteases
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9783036565019 , 9783036565026
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Forestry & related industries
    Abstract: This reprint highlights the ecological importance of forest litter in nutrient cycling, the sequestration of soil carbon, and the formation of soil organic matter. The results presented would be of great importance for the improvement of forest services against the background of the global climate change scenario
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036560274 , 9783036560281
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (182 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Organic chemistry
    Abstract: Dear Colleagues, Fused filament fabrication, also known as 3D printing, is extensively used to produce prototypes for applications in, e.g., the aerospace, medical, and automotive industries. In this process, a thermoplastic polymer is fed into a liquefier that extrudes a filament while moving in successive X–Y planes along the Z direction to fabricate a 3D part in a layer-by-layer process. Due to the progressive advances of this process in industry, the application of polymeric (or even composite) materials have received much attention. Researchers and industries now engage in 3D printing by implementing numerous polymeric materials in their domain. In this Special Issue, we will present a collection of recent and novel works regarding the application of polymers in 3D printing
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568881 , 9783036568898
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (148 p.)
    Keywords: Medicine ; Pharmacology ; Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: The Special Issue reprint covers a wide range of applications of 3D-printing in dentistry. Five out of eleven research papers deal with applications of 3D printing in orthodontics, one study presents a 3D-printed fitting system for the FFP2 that were applied during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the others address applications in prosthodontics and restorative dentistry
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569499 , 9783036569482
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (374 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint presents the published papers of a Special Issue titled Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils, of the journal Antioxidants, MDPI. Obviously, essential oils are a point of huge interest, due to them being rich in bioactive substances (with their recognised antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antiviral, etc., effects) and are also used extensively in the beauty/cosmetic industry, food products, etc. Considering the global trend of "return to nature", both in eating habits/nutrition, and in the adjuvant therapies (implying essential oils) addressed in the case of numerous diseases, and taking into account the interest of the authors who submitted their papers, the current topic can be considered to be of great interest and with increased and promising potential for future research
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  • 85
    ISBN: 9783036568164 , 9783036568171
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (330 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning
    Abstract: This reprint "The November 23rd, 1980 Irpinia-Lucania, Southern Italy Earthquake: Insights and Reviews 40 Years Later” presents a collection of 13 scientific contributions proposed by 44 researchers with different expertise and multidisciplinary approach highlighting the most important aspects of the Irpinia-Lucania earthquake (Ms 6.9, Io X MCS) from a seismological and geological point of view, without neglecting the reconstruction of cultural heritage, the resilience of the population, and the socioeconomic development of the internal areas of the Southern Apennines after the earthquake. The 1980 earthquake struck Irpinia-Lucania region (Southern Italy) and it is remembered in Italy not only for being the strongest earthquake recorded in the last 100 years causing devastation of entire regions and severe loss of human life, but also for the destruction of the cultural heritage in the epicentral area. This volume, far from being exhaustive, nevertheless wants to be an important point of reference for the new generations of researchers who will have both a historical and multidisciplinary approach to the knowledge of this earthquake
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571263 , 9783036571270
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (304 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: This reprint focuses on the most recent technical innovations and developments in the area of microfluidics, particularly in relation to their biomedical applications. The advent of microfluidics has provided important insights into the fields of biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. Special attention is given to the isolation and detection of circulating tumor cells and exosomes, the generation of concentration dilutions, the rapid sensing and detection of single molecules and viruses, and the innovations in inertial microfluidics, electrical impedance, magnetic biosensors, and droplet microfluidics
    Note: English
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569642 , 9783036569659
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Numerous biotic and abiotic stresses can significantly decrease crop growth and yields. In the context of climate change, stresses will be more frequent in the coming years and will have an even more severe impact on agricultural systems. As a result, crop production could be drastically reduced, with the consequences aggravated by the fact that the world’s growing population will require more food production. Furthermore, among abiotic stresses, the salinity of soils and water for agricultural use, as well as drought, particularly impact crops. For these reasons, sustainable measures need to be implemented to maintain/increase crop production and ensure the resilience of agricultural systems. To this end, biostimulants, materials that can increase crop productivity and the quality profile of end products, are an increasingly popular solution. The primary function of biostimulants is improving nutrient use efficiency, quality traits, and stress tolerance, as well as ensuring the bioavailability of nutrients in the soil or rhizosphere. Therefore, this Special Issue published research on the effects of biostimulants on helping crops to cope with abiotic stresses, focusing on salt and drought stress. In addition, scientific contributions on the use of biostimulants to counteract other abiotic stresses, such as potentially toxic metals and extreme temperatures, are also welcome. New substances with biostimulant action and studies investigating the mechanisms of action of biostimulants and their qualitative, economic, and environmental benefits will also be considered
    Note: English
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036567440 , 9783036567457
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Biochemistry
    Abstract: Organic carbon (OC), nutrients and trace metals are key aquatic components of freshwater systems, including groundwater, soil water, lakes, rivers, and their estuaries. Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest regarding the rising in organic carbon and iron concentrations in freshwaters in relation to the so-called “browning” effect, caused by climate warming and changes in anthropogenic pressure. As for phosphorus, it is a vital element for all aquatic ecosystems and its aquatic biogeochemical cycle now undergoes sizable changes linked to eutrophication, invasive species development, and transformations between organic and inorganic forms. This book combines the articles dedicated to various aspects of the behavior of organic carbon, phosphorus, iron (and other related metals) in a broad range of freshwater environments, from soil solutions and groundwaters to ponds, lakes, rivers, and their riparian zones and estuaries
    Note: English
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  • 89
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    Puno : Instituto Universitario de Innovación Ciencia y Tecnología Inudi Perú
    ISBN: 9786125069740
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (99 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: Los artículos científicos son una herramienta esencial en el mundo de la investigación y la ciencia. Son una forma en que los investigadores pueden compartir sus hallazgos con la comunidad científica y el público en general. Además, son una fuente importante de información y conocimiento en diferentes campos de estudio. En este libro se discutirán los desafíos asociados con la escritura de artículos científicos y cómo superarlos para lograr el éxito en el mundo de la investigación. También se brindarán consejos y recursos para ayudar a los investigadores a mejorar sus habilidades de escritura científica
    Note: Spanish
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036568867 , 9783036568874
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (260 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general
    Abstract: This Special Issue aims to provide a general overview of some geoscience applications of GNSS and InSAR techniques which are commonly used to study the surface deformation related to co- and post-seismic deformation, subsurface movements of magma beneath active volcanoes, soil deformation (e.g., natural/anthropic uplift or subsidence), monitoring of landslide, monitoring of industrial settlements, the motion of ice sheets, etc
    Note: English
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036570228 , 9783036570235
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Physics
    Abstract: This reprint considers studies related to the bone graft materials used for bone regeneration in dental and medical areas, and particularly studies on new development and development directions, such as synthetic bone and heterologous bone. Bone regeneration is one of the most important challenges in medicine. Previously, patients' autologous bones were collected and transplanted for bone regeneration, but this had many limitations. Many researchers are currently developing a method that surpasses the bone regeneration ability of an autologous bone, via the use of artificial bone or heterologous bone. By developing and commercializing more functional, more efficient graft materials, both medical standards and patients’ quality of life will be improved. This reprint reflects some of the related studies, but its greatest contribution to the field is its suggestions for future research and possible developments in this area
    Note: English
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571041 , 9783036571058
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (242 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: This book contains all the articles published in the Special Issue "Dynamic Modeling and Simulation for Control Systems" from the MDPI Mathematics journal. This Special Issue aims to cover important aspects of how to optimize the dynamic behavior of physical systems using special algorithms and artificial intelligence in the modeling, simulation, and optimization of components and systems from important fields such as astronautics, aerospace, avionics, robotics, manufacturing systems, mechanical engineering, power energy, materials technology, and neurorehabilitation. It is our hope that this Special Issue will contribute to the research on techniques for the modeling, simulation, and optimization of control systems in dynamic systems
    Note: English
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9783036553955 , 9783036553962
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (278 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry ; Biology, life sciences ; Development economics & emerging economies
    Abstract: This reprint includes papers from different research fields, reflecting the sectional talks presented at the 9th edition of the Scientific Conference of the Doctoral Schools from the “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, which took place in June 2021. The objective of the 2021 Conference was to bring together perspectives and challenges in doctoral research in a common forum and to provide a platform enabling doctoral researchers to meet and share state-of-the-art developments in their fields. It consists of 16 papers presented at the 9th edition of the Scientific Conference of the Doctoral Schools from the “Dunărea de Jos” University of Galaţi, in several fields such as: mechanical and industrial engineering, food science and biotechnology, electrical/electronic engineering, systems engineering and information technologies, chemistry, electrochemistry, and economic models and strategies
    Note: English
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  • 94
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036569338 , 9783036569321
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (198 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Microbiology (non-medical)
    Abstract: This Special Issue of the journal Microorganisms highlights recent publications on the importance of the antimicrobial effect of probiotics. Current research is focused on finding novel or next-generation probiotic strains with antimicrobial properties that can efficiently modulate the ecological taxa composition and functionality of the human microbiota in the gut and beyond. Overall, this Special Issue has brought together new studies on the antimicrobial effects of various novel probiotics from the Weissella, Bacillus, Leuconostoc and Levilactobacillus genera, as well as well-known probiotic food supplements. It also highlights successful applications of probiotics for different infectious diseases including rotaviral gastrointestinal infections, wound infections and even COVID-19
    Note: English
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  • 95
    ISBN: 9783036575810 , 9783036575803
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (384 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Abstract: This Special Issue is dedicated to the investigation and optimization of supply chain management in the context of sustainable development. In order to meet the needs of social development, enterprises are gradually innovating their supply chains to achieve sustainable development. Sustainable supply chain management can improve the competitiveness of enterprises; promote the sustainable development of enterprises; and realize the coordinated development of society, the economy, and the environment. However, the current development of sustainable supply chain management is not perfect. Therefore, scholars have become more and more interested in investigating supply chain management optimization. Supply chain management problems usually include product production and pricing, transportation location, upstream and downstream supply, and marketing problems. Existing research usually selects some of these problems and combines optimization methods, such as data-driven robust optimization methods, to optimize the status quo. Finally, an optimized scheme can be obtained, and some constructive suggestions are put forward to achieve sustainable and optimized development of supply chain management
    Note: English
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036577593 , 9783036577586
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Chemistry
    Abstract: Plant-derived phenolic compounds whose most important classes are flavonoids (i.e., catechin, epicatechin) quinones, stilbenes (i.e., resveratrol) and essential oils (i.e., thymol, carvacrol), widely found in fruits, seeds, flowers, and leaves, are considered as beneficial molecules for prevention and treatment of several diseases, since it has been shown that they have antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties. The Special Issue contains contributions concerning different aspects of the use of phenolic plant-derived molecules for prevention and therapy of several diseases, in order to understand the mechanisms involved in their protective role, their bioavailability and their metabolism in human tissue. Moreover, the use of different strategies for extraction, synthesis, and delivery of these compounds, has been covered
    Note: English
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  • 97
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036575537 , 9783036575520
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Abstract: Selected studies focussing on various aspects of the evaluation of marine larval settlement on both natural and artificial surfaces, including those on pro-fouling and anti-fouling systems, have been collected for advancing our understanding of larvae–surface interactions. Biofouling is a large problem worldwide since it often causes severe damage to submerged structures, but it also leads to the formation of a well-structured community on natural hard substrata characterised by ecological succession and can be considered an important source of biodiversity. Therefore, the influence of a substratum’s physico-chemical interactions on the settlement of various organisms of the macrofouling community represents an essential factor in choosing an appropriate artificial surface for application in a variety of coastal marine ecosystems. This reprint will certainly be greatly beneficial with respect to addressing the challenges of future innovative eco-engineering designs, yielding the best solutions for industrial biofouling protection and coastal ecosystem preservation
    Note: English
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  • 98
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036578217 , 9783036578200
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Environmental economics ; Pollution control
    Abstract: Air pollution is a mixture of particles and gases, which can reach unsafe concentrations for human health, the environment, vegetation, and materials. It has become one of the main sustainability issues and a concerning topic in atmospheric science. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 90% of the world’s population lives in highly polluted environments, and about 7 million premature deaths are caused yearly by outdoor and indoor air pollution. The combination of fast-growing populations, transport, fossil fuels, and biomass burning leads to pollution levels being especially high in some urban areas. Agriculture and natural phenomena are also important sources of pollution, underscoring the multi-faceted and transboundary nature of air pollution. The monitoring and understanding of the temporal and spatial behaviours of air pollutant concentrations are essential for both the implementation of air quality policies and the definition of effective measures to mitigate air pollution and its effects. Quantifying and monitoring exposure to air pollution in terms of public health is also a critical component in policy discussion. This reprint presents recent research activities concerning the characterization of air pollution and the applied modelling approaches
    Note: English
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  • 99
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036573625 , 9783036573632
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (270 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the character of academic conferences has changed. Formerly, conferences required the physical presence of their members and audiences. However, travel restrictions due to the pandemic caused a shift in the traditional conference format, thus resulting in the rise of online conferences after 2020. In 2021 and 2022, the journal “Diversity” similarly organized online conferences. The well-attended online conference in March of 2021 attracted a wide range of speakers on biodiversity, ecology and evolution, as well as on 17 publications from this Special Issue. The publications cover several timely aspects of biodiversity, such as the importance of invasive species, the ecology of urbanization, the effects of drought on wildlife in Southern Africa, the results of human activities on insect, mammal, bird, reptile and amphibia populations, and the genetic diversity of animal breeds, microbiomes and planktonic organisms. Additionally, taxonomic and biosystematic topics are also covered in several SI publications
    Note: English
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036576879 , 9783036576862
    Language: Undetermined
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (276 p.)
    Keywords: Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Abstract: It is currently apparent that extracellular ATP's physiological effect is mediated by its interaction with specific purinergic receptors. All purinergic receptors are divided into P1-purinoreceptors and P2-purinoreceptors. Each of the subtypes is divided into a number of families. For instance, P2 receptors are divided into P2X and P2Y receptors according to the mechanism by which their effect is realized: P2Y are G-protein-coupled receptors, while P2X receptors are ligand-operated ion channels. P2X receptors are important molecular therapeutic targets, the malfunctioning of which leads to severe complications in the physiology of humans and animals and causes dangerous diseases. The search for compounds that can modulate the function of purinergic receptors can lead to the creation of new drugs that are effective in central and peripheral nervous system and immune system disease treatment, including neuroinflammation, hypoxia/ischemia, epilepsy and neuropathic pain. In this Special Issue, we wish to offer a platform for high-quality publications on the latest advances in the identification of P2X/Y- and P1-receptor blockers, functions and regulation by them; the characterization of these receptor signaling networks and crosstalk; mechanisms underlying the role of purinoceptors in neurodegenerative illnesses as well as chronic neuronal changes following acute noxious damage and therapeutic opportunities associated with regulation of purinergic receptor activity
    Note: English
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