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  • Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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  • 2020-2024  (158)
  • 2000-2004
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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036571492
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (vi, 271 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue of Geosciences focuses on the application of the cosmogenic nuclides (3He, 10Be, 14C, 21Ne, 26Al and 36Cl) in diverse disciplines in the field of earth sciences, as well as on improvements in sampling, analytical sample preparation and analytical techniques. After the past three decades, and nearly 70 years after the first application, cosmogenic nuclides have become an amazingly versatile tool for Earth scientists to disentangle the unsolved pieces of Earth's history during the Quaternary. Today, Earth scientists apply cosmogenic nuclides to establish the timing of Quaternary ice volume fluctuations, and volcanic and palaeoseismic events, to gauge surface and/or rock uplift and denudation rates and to reconstruct terrace chronologies, as well as to determine the rates and styles of local and large-scale erosion, soil development and landscape evolution
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9783036522524
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 439 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning
    Kurzfassung: The Apennine orogenic system is a natural laboratory for multidisciplinary and integrated studies. The evolution of the Apennines is framed by the fragmentation of Pangea and the development of the Tyrrhenian Basin. Thus, the Apennines have carried this memory from the Permian and Triassic–Early Jurassic rifting, to the Oligocene–Miocene collision, and finally to the Miocene–Present, during which extension and compression have progressively migrated eastwards. Magmatism, hydrothermalism, and sedimentation in the Apennines have accordingly evolved in time and space. In this Special Issue, multidisciplinary and integrated studies have been published improving our knowledge of the Apennines and discussing: (a) the development of deformation and metamorphism in different tectonic environments, from the rifting stage to the subduction, exhumation, and late-orogenic stages; (b) the Meso-Cenozoic tectono-stratigraphic evolution of sedimentary basins, and their role in the Apennine orogeny; (c) the thermochronological evolution of sedimentary units and the dating of deformation episodes through geochemical techniques; (d) the magmatism and its connection to geodynamic evolution, from the mountain chain to the Tyrrhenian Basin; (e) recent tectonics, as reconstructed through seismological and paleo-seismological studies; and (f) the crustal structure, as derived by geophysical methods and their interpretation
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036574370
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (vi, 233 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning
    Kurzfassung: With the development of high-precision geological observation technology, in situ mineral microanalysis technology, isotope geochemical analysis technology, deep geophysical exploration technology, deep drilling, real-time mining, remote sensing highresolution hyperspectral image technology, and supercomputer and industrial intelligence, geoscience has entered an era of big data and artificial intelligence in the 21st century. Three-dimensional/four-dimensional (3D/4D) geoscience modeling with the multi-disciplinary intersection of geosciences has been used as the basis for mineral exploration and the extraction of geosciences information for mineral resource assessment
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  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036581095
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (vii, 169 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Environmental economics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Küstensediment ; Biogeochemie ; Seesediment ; Organische Geochemie ; Umweltgeochemie ; Archäologische Stätte ; Archäometrie ; Geochemie
    Kurzfassung: This reprint considers a vast range of questions devoted to environmental geochemistry. The themes of the research cover different problems of the geochemistry of sediments, such as the reconstruction of the paleoenvironment in the lake basins, climate evolution during the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian period, and the study of the paleoenvironment in the eastern Tethys. Several articles discuss the features of the geochemistry of sedimentation in places of prehistoric anthropogenic activity. Based on the geochronological analysis, the magnetic susceptibility anthropogenic sources of metals in south-eastern Baltic lake sediments from the Neolithic to the Medieval Age were determined. A new approach using the geochemical indication was developed for the determination of the functional zones of prehistoric archaeological sites in Eastern Europe. The application of geochemical multi-element and geochronological analyses of the Iron Age and early Roman cultural layers was considered at the archaeological site in the Netherlands. Some papers are devoted to the pollution hazard problem concerning, for example, the accumulation and distribution of a hazardous contaminant, mercury (Hg), in the basin of Onega Lake, Russia, the second largest lake in Europe, and the distribution of arsenic in the soils of the Verkhnekamskoe potassium salt deposit, Perm Krai, Russia. The ecological state of basins as a result of technogenic processes using a geochemical approach is illuminated in the papers devoted to the mineralogical and geochemical contents of the bottom sediments of Al-Kharrar and Al-Shuaiba Lagoons, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia
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  • 5
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036563008
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 429 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Environmental science, engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This reprint contains twenty-one scientific papers related to the determination of the nature, timing, and magnitude of natural hydroclimate variability and related sedimentary–diagenetic processes during geological eras past and present. Such an approach will be essential for addressing the challenges posed by climate change in coastal and deep marine sedimentary archives, for establishing the hydrological regime through the determination of environmental parameters and examining the subsequent response of the marine biota through time. Furthermore, this reprint is a significant contribution to the study of reservoir quality characteristics and the subsequent potentiality of several marine resources (ores, hydrocarbons, and geoheritage)
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  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036594316
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 463 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; mine hazards ; coal/rock disasters ; coal and gas outburst ; monitoring and early warning ; prevention and control ; identification method ; gas explosions ; coal fires ; composite dynamic disasters ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Bergschaden ; Bergsenkung ; Grundausgasung ; Grubengas ; Schlagwetterexplosion ; Grubenbewetterung ; Grubenunglück ; Vermeidung ; Grubensicherheit ; Prävention ; Grubenbrand ; Schlagwetterschutz ; Kohlenbergbau ; Kohlenbergwerk ; Schlagwetterexplosion ; Standsicherheit ; Ingenieurgeologie ; Geotechnik ; Bergbau ; Setzung ; Staubexplosion
    Kurzfassung: In human social development, the consumption of fossil energy, especially coal, has promoted economic prosperity, cultural exchanges, and social progress. With shallow coal resources exhausted, coal mining engineering has entered deep areas. The coal geology environment of the deep area differs from that of the shallow. With mining depth increasing, all the stress of buried rock stratum and surrounding rock and gas pressure of coal seam increase gradually. In addition, geological structures, such as complex faults, big folds, and thick-hard roofs, will increase the risk of coal mining. Once the dynamic disaster occurs, it will induce miner casualties and property losses. So, it is urgent to identify mine hazards, such as coal and gas outbursts, rock bursts, gas explosions, and coal fires, and research their formation mechanism, occurrence, and development process. Furthermore, prevention and control methods should be proposed to reduce mine disasters. Only in this way can we promote the safe, green, and efficient development of coal mining. This Topical Collection, titled “Mine Hazards Identification, Prevention, and Control,” aims to allow global researchers to conduct a broader scientific and technological discussion on such advances to improve the prevention and control level of disasters encountered during underground coal mining. The discussion topics include, but are not limited to, the basic experiments, modeling, numerical simulation, and field tests of aforementioned disasters
    Anmerkung: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036564036
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (vii, 189 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Physics
    Kurzfassung: The demand for global fossil energy continues to be strong, meaning that the exploitation of oil and gas resources is still very important. In addition, due to the continuous reduction in conventional oil and gas recoverable resources, the development of unconventional oil and gas resources and geothermal energy has gradually become an important replacement. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the existing mechanism analysis, research methods and engineering technology to improve the production and development efficiency of oil, gas, and geothermal resources. This reprint presents 11 recent works on the application of new theories and technologies in oil, gas, and geothermal reservoirs. The content covers well-drilling, cementing, hydraulic fracturing, improved oil recovery, conformance control, and geothermal energy development. The new progress presented in this reprint will help scientists and researchers to better understand and master the latest theories and techniques for oil, gas, and geothermal reservoirs, which has important practical significance for the economical and effective development of oil, gas, and geothermal resources
    Anmerkung: Volltext: PDF
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9783036597751
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 526 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume II
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; strength prediction ; brittle rock ; grain-structure representation ; micro-properties ; bonded block models ; Voronoi tessellation ; structure-type rockburst ; evolution mechanism ; particle flow code ; flat-joint model ; pre-grouting ; soft coal mass ; coal-grout structure ; shear behavior ; quality improvement ; rock strength ; tensile behaviour ; neuro-fuzzy ; regression ; non-destructive tests ; paste filling ; slicing mining ; false roof stability ; optimal false roof thickness ; tree-based techniques ; feature selection ; pile bearing capacity ; gradient boosted tree ; random forest ; in situ stress ; rock blasting ; crack propagation ; model test ; rheological deformation ; key stratum ; roadway groups ; roadway deformation ; surrounding rock control ; triaxial creep experiment ; cyclic loading and unloading ; elasto-visco-plastic strain ; irrecoverable strain ; tertiary creep stage ; nonlinear creep damage model ; high-altitude slope ; BP neural network ; freeze-thaw cycle ; geological conditions ; mining method ; soft broken complex ore body ; improved AHP ; comprehensive evaluation index ; blasting ; back-break ; SVM ; metaheuristic algorithms ; moth–flame optimization ; whale optimization algorithm ; tilted strata ; roadway ; nonuniform deformation ; physical simulation ; HFDEM ; numerical method ; rock fracture ; strain rate ; mining engineering ; backfill mining ; high-concentration backfill ; elastic modulus ; K-fold cross-validation ; mining ; rock engineering ; sensitivity analysis ; XGBoost ; limit equilibrium method (LEM) ; limit analysis ; accuracy ; slope stability ; homogenous slopes ; error accuracy classification chart ; physical and mechanical responses ; Egyptian granodiorite ; thermal damage threshold ; microstructure ; thermal constructions ; rock slope analysis ; limited analysis method ; numerical methods ; combined/hybrid finite–discrete element method ; FDEM ; non-renewable ; clean coal technology ; waste of resources ; “110 construction method” ; collapse settlement control ; moisture content ; dry–wet cycles ; cyclic loading ; injury mechanism ; acoustic emission RA-AF ; thermal effect prediction model ; uniaxial compressive strength ; static Young’s modulus ; artificial neural network ; multilinear regression ; rock mass ; hydraulic conductivity ; sustainability ; rock mechanics ; geotechnical engineering ; geomechanical engineering ; mining technology ; natural stones ; temperature ; fire ; thermal effect ; point load strength ; porosity ; color ; gloss ; automated mineral identification ; LBP ; classification ; texture feature ; liquefaction potential ; prediction ; Bayesian optimization ; support vector machines ; optimization ; Hoek–Brown criterion ; Mohr failure envelope ; Balmer’s equation ; limit equilibrium analysis ; modified Bishop approach ; active earth pressure ; unsaturated narrow backfill ; interlayer shear stress ; arching effect ; thin-layer element method ; tunnel excavation ; cut blasting method ; LLB method ; uncharged hole ; numerical simulation ; spectrum index ; water content ; hyperspectral information ; V-type firing pattern ; collision fragmentation ; RSA ; ANN ; coupled stress-hydro effect ; uniaxial loading ; infrared radiation ; warning threshold ; non-destructive monitoring ; alteration ; tunnel ; stress field ; deformation field ; plastic zone ; flyrock ; weathering index (WI) ; equilibrium optimizer (EO) ; particle swarm optimization (PSO) ; extreme learning machine (ELM) ; artificial neural network (ANN) ; high-water material ; seawater ; water-cement ratio ; strength ; mining method optimization ; difficult-to-mine complicated orebody ; multiple attribute decision making ; Pythagorean fuzzy sets and TOPSIS method ; mechanized upward horizontal layering method ; plateau alluvial-lacustrine deposits ; round gravelly soil ; large scale direct shear test ; shear strength parameters ; Erbil ; geotechnical characterization ; GIS ; ANFIS ; differential evolution ; firefly algorithm ; frozen rock mass blasting ; ice-filled crack ; explosion stress wave propagation ; attenuation factor ; UCS ; intelligent and statistical methods ; sedimentary rocks ; modulus of deformation ; RMR ; in situ testing ; modelling ; instrumentation ; failure risk ; element failure probability ; spatial variability ; stochastic groundwater level ; upper bound method ; rock joints ; shear strength ; scale effects ; normal stress ; JRC ; PFC simulation ; water inrush ; precursor ; strain energy ; normalized ; sustainable mine ; blast-induced flyrock ; LSSVM ; prediction models ; salt cavern ; underground gas storage ; continuum-discrete coupled method ; thermal-mechanical coupling ; thermal damage ; marble strength ; direct and indirect methods ; correlations analysis ; artificial intelligence techniques ; performance indicators ; resonant column test ; torsional simple shear test ; damping ratio ; steady-state vibration ; free vibration decay ; bibliometric analysis ; pile foundation ; sustainable structure ; VOS viewer ; Web of Science ; red clay ; desiccation cracking mechanism ; digital image correlation technology ; strain ; displacement ; mineral carbonation ; comminution energy ; stress–strain relationship ; elastic properties ; radial distribution function ; crown deformation ; underground caverns ; parametric study ; multiple linear regression ; twin tunnels ; 3D numerical analysis ; surface settlement ; field measurement ; geotechnical and geological conditions ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Gebirgsmechanik ; Geotechnik ; Felsbau ; Bergbau ; Tunnelbau ; Festgestein ; Bergwerk ; Böschung ; Pfeiler ; Tunnel ; Unterirdisches Bauwerk ; Gebirgsmechanik ; China ; Kohlenbergwerk ; Stollen ; Sprengen ; Tiefbau
    Kurzfassung: The Special Issue entitled “Advances in Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering” is devoted to the publication of the latest research, field works, and laboratory investigations in the area of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering. This Special Issue has published novel contributions in different areas of geotechnical and geomechanical engineering such as slope and embankment, tunneling and underground space technologies, pile and foundation, rock mechanics and rock blasting, excavation and leveling projects, ground improvement techniques, unsaturated soil, practical issues in soft soil, mining technology, geo-environmental engineering, new laboratory testing, applied geology for construction, and novel geotechnical construction methods. The focus of this reprint is on the development of computational methods for solving problems in the fields of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering
    Anmerkung: Volltext: PDF , English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9783036597737
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 560 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume I
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; strength prediction ; brittle rock ; grain-structure representation ; micro-properties ; bonded block models ; Voronoi tessellation ; structure-type rockburst ; evolution mechanism ; particle flow code ; flat-joint model ; pre-grouting ; soft coal mass ; coal-grout structure ; shear behavior ; quality improvement ; rock strength ; tensile behaviour ; neuro-fuzzy ; regression ; non-destructive tests ; paste filling ; slicing mining ; false roof stability ; optimal false roof thickness ; tree-based techniques ; feature selection ; pile bearing capacity ; gradient boosted tree ; random forest ; in situ stress ; rock blasting ; crack propagation ; model test ; rheological deformation ; key stratum ; roadway groups ; roadway deformation ; surrounding rock control ; triaxial creep experiment ; cyclic loading and unloading ; elasto-visco-plastic strain ; irrecoverable strain ; tertiary creep stage ; nonlinear creep damage model ; high-altitude slope ; BP neural network ; freeze-thaw cycle ; geological conditions ; mining method ; soft broken complex ore body ; improved AHP ; comprehensive evaluation index ; blasting ; back-break ; SVM ; metaheuristic algorithms ; moth–flame optimization ; whale optimization algorithm ; tilted strata ; roadway ; nonuniform deformation ; physical simulation ; HFDEM ; numerical method ; rock fracture ; strain rate ; mining engineering ; backfill mining ; high-concentration backfill ; elastic modulus ; K-fold cross-validation ; mining ; rock engineering ; sensitivity analysis ; XGBoost ; limit equilibrium method (LEM) ; limit analysis ; accuracy ; slope stability ; homogenous slopes ; error accuracy classification chart ; physical and mechanical responses ; Egyptian granodiorite ; thermal damage threshold ; microstructure ; thermal constructions ; rock slope analysis ; limited analysis method ; numerical methods ; combined/hybrid finite–discrete element method ; FDEM ; non-renewable ; clean coal technology ; waste of resources ; “110 construction method” ; collapse settlement control ; moisture content ; dry–wet cycles ; cyclic loading ; injury mechanism ; acoustic emission RA-AF ; thermal effect prediction model ; uniaxial compressive strength ; static Young’s modulus ; artificial neural network ; multilinear regression ; rock mass ; hydraulic conductivity ; sustainability ; rock mechanics ; geotechnical engineering ; geomechanical engineering ; mining technology ; natural stones ; temperature ; fire ; thermal effect ; point load strength ; porosity ; color ; gloss ; automated mineral identification ; LBP ; classification ; texture feature ; liquefaction potential ; prediction ; Bayesian optimization ; support vector machines ; optimization ; Hoek–Brown criterion ; Mohr failure envelope ; Balmer’s equation ; limit equilibrium analysis ; modified Bishop approach ; active earth pressure ; unsaturated narrow backfill ; interlayer shear stress ; arching effect ; thin-layer element method ; tunnel excavation ; cut blasting method ; LLB method ; uncharged hole ; numerical simulation ; spectrum index ; water content ; hyperspectral information ; V-type firing pattern ; collision fragmentation ; RSA ; ANN ; coupled stress-hydro effect ; uniaxial loading ; infrared radiation ; warning threshold ; non-destructive monitoring ; alteration ; tunnel ; stress field ; deformation field ; plastic zone ; flyrock ; weathering index (WI) ; equilibrium optimizer (EO) ; particle swarm optimization (PSO) ; extreme learning machine (ELM) ; artificial neural network (ANN) ; high-water material ; seawater ; water-cement ratio ; strength ; mining method optimization ; difficult-to-mine complicated orebody ; multiple attribute decision making ; Pythagorean fuzzy sets and TOPSIS method ; mechanized upward horizontal layering method ; plateau alluvial-lacustrine deposits ; round gravelly soil ; large scale direct shear test ; shear strength parameters ; Erbil ; geotechnical characterization ; GIS ; ANFIS ; differential evolution ; firefly algorithm ; frozen rock mass blasting ; ice-filled crack ; explosion stress wave propagation ; attenuation factor ; UCS ; intelligent and statistical methods ; sedimentary rocks ; modulus of deformation ; RMR ; in situ testing ; modelling ; instrumentation ; failure risk ; element failure probability ; spatial variability ; stochastic groundwater level ; upper bound method ; rock joints ; shear strength ; scale effects ; normal stress ; JRC ; PFC simulation ; water inrush ; precursor ; strain energy ; normalized ; sustainable mine ; blast-induced flyrock ; LSSVM ; prediction models ; salt cavern ; underground gas storage ; continuum-discrete coupled method ; thermal-mechanical coupling ; thermal damage ; marble strength ; direct and indirect methods ; correlations analysis ; artificial intelligence techniques ; performance indicators ; resonant column test ; torsional simple shear test ; damping ratio ; steady-state vibration ; free vibration decay ; bibliometric analysis ; pile foundation ; sustainable structure ; VOS viewer ; Web of Science ; red clay ; desiccation cracking mechanism ; digital image correlation technology ; strain ; displacement ; mineral carbonation ; comminution energy ; stress–strain relationship ; elastic properties ; radial distribution function ; crown deformation ; underground caverns ; parametric study ; multiple linear regression ; twin tunnels ; 3D numerical analysis ; surface settlement ; field measurement ; geotechnical and geological conditions ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Gebirgsmechanik ; Geotechnik ; Felsbau ; Bergbau ; Tunnelbau ; Festgestein ; Bergwerk ; Böschung ; Pfeiler ; Tunnel ; Unterirdisches Bauwerk ; Gebirgsmechanik ; Tagebau ; Stollen ; Sprengen ; Tiefbau
    Kurzfassung: The Special Issue entitled “Advances in Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering” is devoted to the publication of the latest research, field works, and laboratory investigations in the area of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering. This Special Issue has published novel contributions in different areas of geotechnical and geomechanical engineering such as slope and embankment, tunneling and underground space technologies, pile and foundation, rock mechanics and rock blasting, excavation and leveling projects, ground improvement techniques, unsaturated soil, practical issues in soft soil, mining technology, geo-environmental engineering, new laboratory testing, applied geology for construction, and novel geotechnical construction methods. The focus of this reprint is on the development of computational methods for solving problems in the fields of rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering
    Anmerkung: Volltext: PDF , English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | The Hague : OAPEN FOUNDATION
    ISBN: 9783036597164
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (vii, 167 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Serie: Minerals
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues ; History of engineering & technology ; Mining technology & engineering ; flotation circuit ; gold ore ; diagnosis ; optimization ; mass balance ; process simulation ; printed circuit boards ; heat treatment ; strength ; liberation ; Cu recovery ; physical separation ; ferronickel slag ; sulfuric acid leaching ; light magnesium oxide ; rare earth elements ; magnetic separation ; upgradation ; Khalzan Buregtei deposit ; NiMH batteries ; rare earth metals ; leaching ; solvent extraction ; precipitation ; gold ; cementation ; galvanic interaction ; aluminum ; activated carbon ; kinetics ; ammonium thiosulfate solution ; mass transfer ; fluorine ; occurrence ; removal ; gravity-flotation separation ; lignite ; lead ; zinc ; Al metal powder ; zinc plant leach residues ; flotation ; copper sulfides ; tailings ; carrier flotation ; flocculation ; oil agglomeration ; complex sulfide ores ; sphalerite ; anglesite ; extraction ; lithium ion battery ; recycling ; carbothermic reduction ; graphite ; porphyry copper deposits ; chalcopyrite ; pyrite ; n/a
    Kurzfassung: A high demand for metals (cobalt, copper, gold, lithium, nickel, tin, vanadium, etc.) has been recorded for the past several decades, and this demand is expected to increase even further in the coming decades as the world moves to low-carbon technologies based on renewable energy sources (RESs) and electric vehicles (EVs) and away from the heavy use of fossil fuels. To meet the high forecasted demand, unconventional sources of metals such as low-grade complex ores, seafloor massive sulfides (SMSs), and wastes (e.g., tailings, metallurgical residues, and electronic wastes (e-wastes)) have become very important sources of metals; moreover, these metals should be extracted in a sustainable manner without negatively impacting the environment. This Special Issue focused on recent advances in the sustainable production of metals from the above-mentioned unconventional sources.This reprint is a compilation of a Special Issue of Minerals, "Sustainable Production of Metals for Low-Carbon Technologies", where 13 papers contributed by experts in the area were published. Papers published in this Reprint cover a wide range of topics, including mineral processing (gravity concentration, magnetic separation, and flotation), hydrometallurgical techniques (leaching, solvent extraction, and cementation) to extract minerals/metals from primary and secondary resources. All the papers are of high scientific value and will be of great interest to readers of Minerals.
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  • 11
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute | The Hague : OAPEN FOUNDATION
    ISBN: 9783036593807
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (vii, 401 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Serie: Minerals
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning ; geological-industrial types ; ore formations ; typomorphic features of native gold ; gold deposits in the north-east of Russia ; clinopyroxenites ; palladium gold ; platinum group minerals ; chlorite geothermometer ; sulfur isotopic composition ; placers ; gold ; Chile ; gold microchemistry ; gold morphometry ; gold provenance ; Jagpura Au-Cu deposit ; Aravalli Craton ; high fineness gold ; hydrothermal magnetite ; fluid inclusions ; IOCG-IOA type: IOCG-Co (reduced) subtype mineralization ; placer gold ; internal structures ; stages of ore formation ; endogenous and exogenous conditions ; coarse-grained structure ; high-grade shell ; recrystallization ; granulation ; deformation structures ; porpezite ; alkaline-ultrabasic rocks ; Anabar shield ; Siberian Platform ; alluvial gold ; indicator mineral ; compositional studies ; disseminated Au-sulfide mineralization ; orogenic gold deposits ; Yana–Kolyma metallogenic belt ; sulfide microtextures and mineralogy ; stable sulfur isotopes ; mineral chemistry ; source of gold ; typomorphic features ; fineness ; internal structure ; Anabar placer area ; hydrothermal-metasomatic formations ; K-feldspathization ; jasperoids ; ore mineralization ; fault zone ; ore gold ; sulfides ; gold mineralization ; metasomatites ; bismuth ; tellurides ; uytenbogaardtite ; bismoclite ; cervelleite ; native gold ; supergene gold ; the Spokoininsky cluster ; the Aldan-Stanovoy gold province ; the Aldan shield ; Pd,Hg-rich low-fineness gold ; Au-containing potarite ; substitution structure ; Itchaivayam mafic–ultramafic complex (Kamchatka, Russia) ; placer ; typomorphysm ; linear weathered crust ; Sukhoi Log deposit ; gold–sulfide–quartz (gold–arsenic) and gold–sulfide formations ; Polar Urals ; Manitanyrd ridge ; ore occurrences ; ore mineralogy ; sulfur isotopes ; palladian gold ; Pd,Cu,Ag,Hg-bearing gold ; Au-Pd ; Au-Pd-Ag ; Au-Pd-Cu ; Au-Pd-Hg ; Au-Pd-Ag-Cu ; Au-Pd-Ag-Hg ; Au-Pd-Ag-Cu-Hg systems ; minerals in association ; PGE and gold deposits ; T,P,X-conditions of ore formation ; Au-Pd mineralization types ; detrital gold ; gold alloy composition ; mineral inclusions ; indicator minerals ; gold deposit types ; British Columbia ; brannerite ; uranium mineralization ; Ozerninsky ore cluster ; Western Transbaikalia ; n/a ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Golderz ; Mineralisation ; Mineralogie ; Lagerstättenkunde ; Metallogenese ; Erzbildung ; Goldlagerstätte ; Vorkommen ; Geochemische Prospektion ; Seifen-Gold ; Geochemie ; Indikator ; Ferner Osten ; Russland ; Sibirien ; British Columbia ; Chile ; Gold ; Schottland ; Gold
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue reprint includes one review and fifteen research articles. The review by Palyanova et al. (2023) summarized the available information on the palladian gold and proposed classifying the types of deposits based on the fineness, content, and set of impurities in palladian gold and minerals intergrown with it. Fifteen articles focused on the typomorphic features of native gold from gold deposits in Russia, India, Chile, Scotland, and Canada. This Special Issue aims to identify and generalize the reasons for variations in the compositions of native gold. I hope all the articles in this Special Issue will be helpful and valuable resources for anyone who is interested in native gold and gold deposits. I thank the Authors and Reviewers for their efforts and contributions. I am also grateful to the Editor-in-Chief, Editors and Assistant Editors of Minerals for their help.
    Anmerkung: English
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 12
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    Online-Ressource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036555461
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (vii, 124 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karten
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning
    Kurzfassung: Reservoir quality (porosity and permeability) and heterogeneity in carbonate and siliciclastic hydrocarbon reservoirs and groundwater aquifers are significantly constrained by diagenetic processes, such as biological, chemical, biochemical, and mechanical changes, that occur in sediments subsequent to deposition and prior to low-grade metamorphism. Diagenesis, which has a variable but overall important impact on reservoir quality evolution, is controlled by several inter-related parameters. These parameters include the depositional composition of the sediments, depositional facies, sequence stratigraphy, pore water chemistry, burial history and tectonic setting of the basin, and paleoclimatic conditions.Carbonate and siliciclastic sediments often undergo multiple stages of diagenesis, which are related to complex patterns of burial-thermal history (subsidence and uplift) that are controlled by the tectonic evolution of the basin. Tectonic evolution of the basin is controlled by the position of the basin with respect to the type and activity along the plate boundaries. The episodes of burial and uplift may result in profound modifications in the pressure-temperature regimes and in the extent of mineral-water interaction, and hence in various phases of compaction, as well as mineral dissolution, recrystallization, transformation, and cementation. Diagenesis impacts reservoir quality in the following ways: (i) destruction by mechanical compaction and extensive cementation, (ii) preservation by prevention of mechanical and chemical compaction, or (iii) generation by dissolution of labile framework grains and intergranular cements
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  • 13
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    Online-Ressource
    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529110 , 9783036529103
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: Neurogenerative diseases encompass very different pathologies, which can be demyelinating or nondemyelinating, but which have common mechanisms such as cell death, oxidative stress and inflammation. A better understanding of these mechanisms allows the search for biomarkers and targets for new therapies. This special issue brings together different data on Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis, detailing the mechanisms of cell death (necroptosis, ferroptosis), oxidative stress and inflammation but also the possibilities of neuroprotection via 5 research articles and 6 review articles. The different reviews allow us to take stock of cell death, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the context of neurodegenerative diseases but also in relation to other pathologies where these processes are involved
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  • 14
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036531380 , 9783036531397
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (207 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: This book is a collection of review articles and research articles, which was published in the Special Issue “Multifunctional Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications” of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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  • 15
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036526638 , 9783036526621
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: As an important tool of systems biology, proteomics has enabled a deep understanding of different plant processes and functions. Complemented with genomic data, computational tools, and improved sample preparation strategies, proteomics has an unprecedented opportunity to characterize plant proteoforms in high spatial and temporal resolution. This special issue of Plant Proteomic Research 4.0 captures the recent advancements in proteomics and addresses the current challenges of plant stress response and resilience in the ever-changing climate. It contains 12 articles, including three reviews and nine original research articles. The three reviews deal with pollen phosphoproteomics, starch biosynthesis-related proteins and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) in rice developing seeds, and PTMs of waxy proteins in rice grain. The nine research articles include three related to temperature, two on water stress, two on salt stress, one on fungal pathogen, and the last one on field-grown potato apoplast proteome. The articles reflect the current frontiers of plant proteomics, focusing on themes of environmental stresses, proteoforms/PTMs, crop species, and new development in data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. They provide readers insights into current technologies, their utility in understanding plant growth and resilience, as well as directions of proteomics in the frontiers of systems biology and synthetic biology
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9783036529578 , 9783036529561
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (426 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Requests for regional soil moisture observations are increasing to parameterize complex hydrological models, to assess the impact of land-use changes, and to develop climate adaption strategies in the agricultural sector. Spatial land-use patterns have an impact on the soil water balance and groundwater recharge. Soil moisture is therefore a key parameter for the long-term monitoring and development of sustainable land-management and landscape design strategies that mitigate regional water scarcity and droughts. For example, the spatial organization of hedges or tree rows related to open land and wind direction avoids soil erosion, limits local evaporation, and increases local soil water storage. Since the early 1980s, satellite missions have been designed to monitor proxies for soil moisture, mainly at the national and global scale, with a relatively coarse pixel resolution and low accuracy. The local effects of weather and climate are very dynamic in space and time. Thus, a strong need exists for more accurate, regional-scale remote sensing products for soil moisture. The transfer of existing, proof-of-concept algorithms to region-specific monitoring frameworks is urgent. This Special Issue provides an overview of current developments on remote sensing-based soil moisture observations that are applicable at a regional scale. The compendium of research papers demonstrates the benefits of concurrently utilizing multi-source remote sensing data and in situ measurements through: - Using additional data and site-specific knowledge; - Combining empirical and physical approaches; - Developing concepts to deal with mixed pixels
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  • 17
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529073 , 9783036529066
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: Immunotherapy in multiple myeloma, first investigated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation, is now a major pillar in the treatment of multiple myeloma. CAR-T-cell technology, monoclonal or bispecific antibodies, as well as new forms of cellular therapy, have revolutionized the treatment of this hematological malignancy
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9783036529653 , 9783036529646
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The aim of this book is to highlight up to date exploited technologies and approaches in terms of antenna designs and requirements. In this regard, this book targets a broad range of subjects, including the microstrip antenna and the dipole and printed monopole antenna. The varieties of antenna designs, along with several different approaches to improve their overall performance, have given this book a great value, in which makes this book is deemed as a good reference for practicing engineers and under/postgraduate students working in this field. The key technology trends in antenna design as part of the mobile communication evolution have mainly focused on multiband, wideband, and MIMO antennas, and all have been clearly presented, studied and implemented within this book. The forthcoming 5G systems consider a truly mobile multimedia platform that constitutes a converged networking arena that not only includes legacy heterogeneous mobile networks but advanced radio interfaces and the possibility to operate at mm wave frequencies to capitalize on the large swathes of available bandwidth. This provides the impetus for a new breed of antenna design that, in principle, should be multimode in nature, energy efficient, and, above all, able to operate at the mm wave band, placing new design drivers on the antenna design. Thus, this book proposes to investigate advanced 5G antennas for heterogeneous applications that can operate in the range of 5G spectrums and to meet the essential requirements of 5G systems such as low latency, large bandwidth, and high gains and efficiencies
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  • 19
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036511115 , 9783036511108
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (90 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Surgery
    Kurzfassung: This book is a collection of manuscripts on breast reconstruction, the topic of a Special Issue of Medicina Journal. The book begins with a review of the literature on the most recent reconstructive strategies using biological dermal matrices and moves toward the management of pain and infections. Some aspects of regenerative surgery are also clarified and an analysis focuses on social disparities in access to breast reconstruction. The final part of this book is dedicated to nipple–areola reconstruction, the last surgical step of breast reconstruction
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  • 20
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036526713 , 9783036526706
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (296 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: Our world is facing many challenges, such as poverty, hunger, resource shortage, environmental degradation, climate change, and increased inequalities and conflicts. To address such challenges, the United Nations proposed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), consisting of 17 interlinked global goals, as the strategic blueprint of world sustainable development. Nevertheless, the implementation of the SDG framework has been very challenging and the COVID-19 pandemic has further impeded the SDG implementation progress. Accelerated efforts are needed to enable all stakeholders, ranging from national and local governments, civil society, private sector, academia and youth, to contribute to addressing this dilemma. This volume of the Climate Change and Environmental Sustainability book series aims to offer inspiration and creativity on approaches to sustainable development. Among other things, it covers topics of COVID-19 and sustainability, environmental pollution, food production, clean energy, low-carbon transport promotion, and strategic governance for sustainable initiatives. This book can reveal facts about the challenges we are facing on the one hand and provide a better understanding of drivers, barriers, and motivations to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all on the other. Research presented in this volume can provide different stakeholders, including planners and policy makers, with better solutions for the implementation of SDGs. Prof. Bao-Jie He acknowledges the Project NO. 2021CDJQY-004 supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. We appreciate the assistance from Mr. Lifeng Xiong, Mr. Wei Wang, Ms. Xueke Chen and Ms. Anxian Chen at School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, China
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  • 21
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529035 , 9783036529028
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (396 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: This book provides a review of the management of chronic diseases (evaluation and treatment) through eHealth. Studies that examine how eHealth can help to prevent, evaluate, or treat chronic diseases and their outcomes are included
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  • 22
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529257 , 9783036529240
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: “Newborn Screening in Japan—2021” is a topical collection of the International Journal of Neonatal Screening. Japan's newborn mass screening (NBS) was started in 1977 at the national level as a national project. Subsequently, screening was conducted for six diseases. From 2014 a tandem mass analyzer (tandem mass) was introduced nationwide, and in addition to the conventional amino acid metabolism disorders urea cycle disorders, organic acid metabolism disorders and fatty acid metabolism disorders have joined the target diseases. Screening is currently conducted for 20 diseases. The acceptance rate of mass screening in Japan is 100%, and top-level screening measures available in the world, such as a quality control system and an inspection system, are carried out. This book is an overview of the history, current status and future of NBS in Japan. I hope that readers are interested in this book
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  • 23
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036530659 , 9783036530642
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (122 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Social interaction
    Kurzfassung: In 1900, Paul Ehrlich, who was studying ricin and abrin at the time, discovered antibodies and paved the way for immunotherapy. After 120 years, Ehrlich’s insight into the therapeutic potential of immunotargeting is still a source of inspiration for many scientists. One of the most studied antibody-based targeting strategies is the carrying of powerful toxins. The generated molecules are immunotoxins, i.e., chimeric proteins obtained by coupling bacterial or plant toxins and antibodies through chemical linking or genetic engineering. Immunotoxins are functionally designed to eliminate the cells responsible for pathological conditions, and they find applications in several fields, ranging from cancer to immunological diseases or pain control. Despite the lack of specificity, even native toxins find clinical application, but the use of unconjugated toxins is limited to loco-regional treatments. A fundamental requirement for the medical application of toxins and their immunoconjugates is in-depth knowledge of their interaction with target cells in terms of binding, uptake, intracellular routing, and substrate specificity. This Special Issue focuses on toxins and immunotoxins that have clinical potential. We hope to give the reader a comprehensive overview of new toxin delivery strategies and toxin-based experimental disease models, both in vitro and in vivo
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  • 24
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036530543 , 9783036530550
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (167 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Non-canonical Kinases and Substrates in Cancer Progression" that was published in the scientific journal Cancers. It was edited by Francisco M. Vega, Ph.D. from the University of Seville in Spain. It brings together the latest views and original research on non-canonical protein kinases, substrates, and scaffolds
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  • 25
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528021 , 9783036528038
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (165 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial-like endometrial cells, glands, and stroma outside the uterus, causing a strong inflammatory-like microenvironment in the affected tissue. The exact prevalence of endometriosis is unknown, but estimates range from 2%–10% of women of reproductive age to 50% of infertile women. The etiopathogenesis of endometriosis remains controversial—immune, hormonal, genetic, and epigenetic factors may all be involved, and several theories have been proposed to explain it.This book aims to summarize some of the most recent advancements in basic and translational science (immunology, cell biology, genetics, and epigenetics) in the field of endometriosis that may create new scenarios and change our perspective of the topic
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9783036529370 , 9783036529363
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Information technology industries
    Kurzfassung: Data hiding techniques have been widely used to provide copyright protection, data integrity, covert communication, non-repudiation, and authentication, among other applications. In the context of the increased dissemination and distribution of multimedia content over the internet, data hiding methods, such as digital watermarking and steganography, are becoming increasingly relevant in providing multimedia security. The goal of this book is to focus on the improvement of data hiding algorithms and their different applications (both traditional and emerging), bringing together researchers and practitioners from different research fields, including data hiding, signal processing, cryptography, and information theory, among others
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  • 27
    ISBN: 9783036527468 , 9783036527475
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (332 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Renewable energy and clean storage technologies are at the forefront of the world’s fight against climate change, including the UN-led move towards a carbon-neutral society. Because these complex technologies require more ‘critical’ metals and elements than fossil fuel-based technologies, the demands for raw materials in their manufacturing are skyrocketing and are projected to continue to increase into the foreseeable future.With ore grades on a steep decline, huge amounts of low-grade ores will have to be mined and processed to satisfy the world’s current and future demands for ‘critical’ metals and elements. Expansion of mining and mineral processing operations would mean more mining-related wastes—tailings, waste rocks and acid mine drainage (AMD)—notorious for their devastating and long-term destructive impacts on the environment. This Special Issue explored repurposing/reprocessing of tailings and AMD treatment cost reduction as promising alternatives to manage mine wastes more sustainably. It also includes articles on the critical roles of redox conditions and galvanic interactions on mine waste stability, hydrogeochemical controls on waste rock weathering, and climate change impacts on AMD formation in closed mines
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  • 28
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036527130 , 9783036527123
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: Plants have been the sources of important pharmaceuticals, flavoring agents, and agrochemicals. The antimalarial drugs artemisinin and quinine; the anticancer drugs taxol, etoposide, and vinca alkaloids; the sugar-free sweetening agents stevioside and rebaudiosides; and antifeedant azadiractin are good examples of important plant-based drugs, food additives, and agrochemicals currently on the market. Despite these and many other successes, there are significant challenges to discovering and developing commercially important natural products from plants, such as procuring plant materials in large quantities, separating active constituents from complex mixtures, and undesirable qualities, such as low solubility or poor chemical or metabolic stability of active constituents. Dr. James D. McChesney has contributed immensely to overcoming the inherent challenges associated with discovering and developing products modeled from plant-based natural product leads. His research on artemisinin, taxol, galanthamine, podophyllotoxin, and stevia sweet glycosides exemplifies the magnitude of these contributions. His extensive work on the structural modification of taxol led to the discovery and development of the anticancer agent TPI 287, a third-generation taxane analog that is currently undergoing clinical trials. Dr. McChesney has had a long, distinguished teaching and research career, has authored more than 225 research publications, and holds more than 60 patents. He is a past president and Fellow of the American Society of Pharmacognosy and a Fellow of the AAAS. He has mentored many graduate students, post-docs, and junior faculty members who hold prominent positions in natural products research establishments in the US and worldwide. We wish to dedicate this Special Issue Book Version to celebrate the eightieth birthday of Dr. McChesney, a prolific thinker with abundant inventiveness in the field of natural product chemistry and pharmacognosy
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  • 29
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529011 , 9783036529004
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (234 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: Despite many years of efforts to reduce the emission of toxic pollutants into the environment, the contamination of air, soils and water by heavy metals and organic xenobiotics is still a serious problem. This has urged many scientists around the world to undertake research that aims to find effective methods of removing pollutants from the environment. Special attention is paid to biological methods, which, thanks to their numerous advantages, meet the expectations of the whole society. As part of the Special Issue “Study of Biodegradation and Bioremediation”, in the MDPI journal Processes, several valuable articles have been published, which together form a picture of the current state of advanced research on the effective fight against environmental pollution. These include papers on the biodegradation of petroleum compounds or synthetic dyes by microorganisms or the enzymes they produce. In addition, the Special Issue includes papers on the bioremediation of dangerous heavy metals such as mercury and copper, and the results make a valuable contribution to our current state of knowledge on this topic. A separate and valuable part of this collection of publications are review articles devoted to the remediation of antineoplastic drugs, as well as the hopes and challenges connected with the application of nanotechnology in bioremediation. We are pleased that so many researchers from different parts of the world have submitted their articles on this topic. We are very grateful to them. We hope that readers of this collection will find many interesting ideas and relevant information that will lead to new solutions in the bioremediation and biodegradation of emerging environmental contaminants. Prof. Ewa Kaczorek Dr. Wojciech Smułek
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  • 30
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528250 , 9783036528243
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (266 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: The book, “Optimization and Energy Maximizing Control Systems for Wave Energy Converters”, presents eleven contributions on the latest scientific advancements of 2020-2021 in wave energy technology optimization and control, including holistic techno-economic optimization, inclusion of nonlinear effects, and real-time implementations of estimation and control algorithms
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  • 31
    ISBN: 9783036522500 , 9783036522494
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The contributions presented in this book series portray the advances of the research in the field of interferometric photonic technology and its novel applications. The wide scope explored by the range of different contributions intends to provide a synopsis of the current research trends and the state of the art in this field, covering recent technological improvements, new production methodologies and emerging applications, for researchers coming from different fields of science and industry. The manuscripts published in the Special issue, and re-printed in this book series, report on topics that range from interferometric sensors for thickness and dynamic displacement measurement, up to pulse wave and spirometry applications
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  • 32
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529615 , 9783036529608
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning ; Earth sciences ; Meteorology & climatology
    Kurzfassung: The Atmosphere Special Issue “Lower Atmosphere Meteorology” deals with the meteorological processes that occur in the layer of the atmosphere close to the surface. The interaction between the biosphere and the atmosphere is made through the lower layer and can greatly influence living beings and materials. The analysis of the meteorological parameters provides a better understanding of processes within the lower atmosphere and involved in air pollution, climate, and weather. The mixed layer height, the wind speed, and the air parcel trajectory have a relevant interest due to their marked impact on population and energy production. The research also comprises aerosols, clouds, and precipitation, analysing their spatiotemporal variations. This issue addresses features of gases in the atmosphere and anthropogenic greenhouse emission estimates, which are also conditioned by the lower atmosphere meteorology
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  • 33
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036526560 , 9783036526577
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (118 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Kurzfassung: Brassica includes economically important vegetables. This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of genomics and genetic analysis in Brassicaceae. There is particular interest in research on agronomically important traits
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  • 34
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528007 , 9783036528014
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial-like endometrial cells, glands, and stroma outside the uterus, causing a wide range of symptoms and signs, including acute and chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Endometriosis affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age, and up to 50% of infertile women. The etiopathogenesis of endometriosis still remains controversial: immune, hormonal, genetic, and epigenetic factors may be all involved, and several theories have been proposed to explain it.One of the main problems for the management of endometriosis is the significant diagnostic delay: to date, several biomarkers are currently being tested in order to provide a reliable non-invasive diagnosis in case of symptoms and signs suspicious for endometriosis.In addition, ultrasound techniques and magnetic resonance imaging are evolving rapidly, allowing for better accuracy, even with the use of artificial intelligence. Finally, new potential histological makers are helping to correlate the occurrence of endometriosis in different anatomical landmarks, supporting specific pathways to clarify the etiology of the disease
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  • 35
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036531083 , 9783036531090
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Kurzfassung: Recycled woods obtained from old buildings, furniture, industrial products, etc., as well as from modified woods prepared by thermal, chemical, or biological processes, have the potential to be a base or complementary raw material for construction and decorative wood composites used mostly in buildings, furniture, and for transport. Typical construction composites are glued prisms and boards (e.g., glulam, blockboard), glued large-area boards from veneers (e.g., plywood, laminated veneer lumber), or large-area boards from wood particles and fibers (e.g., particleboard, oriented strand board, medium-density fiberboard). More of the large-area boards can obtain a better decorative function usable in furniture and building architecture after veneering, lamination, coating, plasma-treating or other surface-treating technologies.Within this Special Issue, selected articles related primarily to wood composites prepared from recycled and modified woods are presented with a focus on the type and properties of used raw materials, additives, and technological processes, including finishing and surface treatments, with an impact on the resulting properties and service-life of wood composites in different use scenarios
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  • 36
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036526546 , 9783036526553
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (157 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy
    Kurzfassung: Spinoza’s Theological-Political Treatise first appeared, anonymously, in 1670. After the publication of the Opera Posthuma (1677), few scholars took the trouble to take the work seriously. In his famous History of Philosophy, Hegel only devoted a few lines to the work, caustically describing it as a mere predecessor of contemporary Biblical criticism. In the early 20th century, Gebhardt deemed it a pamphlet written as an intervention in the political-ecclesiastical controversies of the Republican Era of Johan de Witt, which ended with violent death by the Hague mob. In the 21st century, Verbeek outlined its inconsistencies and named it ‘badly organized and—let us admit it—without a clear and recognizable focus’. Notwithstanding this benign neglect, in the past five decades the TTP has finally emerged from the shadow of the Ethics. In the wake of the growing interest in the political philosophy of Spinoza in France and Italy and the study of the historical significance of Radical Enlightenment by Jonathan Israel, recent studies of the TTP have focused on the context of the Dutch Republic, but also explored the work’s broader philosophical relevance. This commemorative Special Issue offers a style guide of the various recent approaches to the TTP, placing the work in its historical context, exploring its Medieval and Early Modern sources, assessing its philosophical (in)coherence, and, finally, its critical relevance in a globalized world, in Brazil, Iran, and in times of enduring authoritarianism and fake news
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  • 37
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529929 , 9783036529936
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (98 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Diseases & disorders
    Kurzfassung: Chronic liver diseases develop from a wide range of causes, including hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, alcoholic-related liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and autoimmune liver diseases. Recent advances in molecular and cellular techniques have succeeded in providing new aspects in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic liver diseases. This book includes the state-of-the-art researches on chronic liver diseases
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  • 38
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529172 , 9783036529165
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: The book “Multiple Sclerosis: Diagnosis and Treatment” provides a collection of selected articles published in Biomedicines as part of Volume II addressing current issues on this major inflammatory demyelinating neurological disorder. The articles describe recent advances and discoveries in the molecular and cell microenvironment contributing to neuro-inflammation in the brain and spinal cord. The role of the neurofilaments light chain as a serological biomarker of axonal and neuronal degeneration of the CNS is presented not just as a sensitive diagnostic tool, but also as an indicator of treatment responses. The new generation of therapeutic molecules belonging to the sphingosine-1-phosphate class are discussed, and their potential as disease-modifying treatment is considered. Investigations into the intimate molecular mechanisms of highly active MS, disclosed clinically and by MRI, are discussed by researchers proposing that the expression of RNAs in peripheral blood cells is a biomarker of highly active disease. The book also addresses important clinical and epidemiological aspects of pediatric MS and that in multi-ethnic cohorts
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  • 39
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036523262
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Remote Sensing in Applications of Geoinformation
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Remote sensing, especially from satellites, is a source of invaluable data which can be used to generate synoptic information for virtually all parts of the Earth, including the atmosphere, land, and ocean. In the last few decades, such data have evolved as a basis for accurate information about the Earth, leading to a wealth of geoscientific analysis focusing on diverse applications. Geoinformation systems based on remote sensing are increasingly becoming an integral part of the current information and communication society. The integration of remote sensing and geoinformation essentially involves combining data provided from both, in a consistent and sensible manner. This process has been accelerated by technologically advanced tools and methods for remote sensing data access and integration, paving the way for scientific advances in a broadening range of remote sensing exploitations in applications of geoinformation. This volume hosts original research focusing on the exploitation of remote sensing in applications of geoinformation. The emphasis is on a wide range of applications, such as the mapping of soil nutrients, detection of plastic litter in oceans, urban microclimate, seafloor morphology, urban forest ecosystems, real estate appraisal, inundation mapping, and solar potential analysis
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9783036519449 , 9783036519456
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (167 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The world’s transport network has developed over thousands of years; emerging from the need of allowing more comfortable trips to roman soldiers to the modern smooth roads enabling modern vehicles to travel at high speed and to allow heavy airplanes to take off and land safely. However, in the last two decades the world is changing very fast in terms of population growth, mobility and business trades creating greater traffic volumes and demand for minimal disruption to users, but also challenges, such as climate change and more extreme weather events. At the same time, technology development to allow a more sustainable transport sector continue apace. It is within this environment and in close consultation with key stakeholders, that this consortium developed the vision to achieve the paradigm shift to Sustainable Multifunctional Automated and Resilient Transport Infrastructures. SMARTI ETN is a training-through-research programme that empowered Europe by forming a new generation of multi-disciplinary professionals able to conceive the future of transport infrastructures and this Special Issue is a collection of some of the scientific work carried out within this context. Enjoy the read
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  • 41
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    ISBN: 9783036530017 , 9783036530000
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (162 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Kurzfassung: Phytochemicals, consumed as part of the diet, improve human health by lowering its risk and preventing chronic diseases. Fruits, vegetables, chocolate, pulses, and teas, among others, are rich sources of phytochemicals; however, only a certain amount has been isolated and identified. Moreover, the wide diversity of these compounds requires optimized extraction methodologies for further characterization and evaluation of healthy properties. This Special Issue addresses interdisciplinary research related to phytochemicals, highlighting their dietary sources, innovative extraction methodologies, and their effects on human health. Seven papers have been selected for further contribution to phytochemical studies
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  • 42
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036530475 , 9783036530468
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (326 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: The milk industry is largely based on dairy cattle production. After decades of great advancements in genetics, nutrition, and management, today, one cow can reach unprecedented levels of milk production. New challenges have been posed to preserving the health and welfare of these domestic animals. “High-Yielding Dairy Cows” is a collection of scientific papers focusing on three main areas: metabolic diseases, reproduction diseases, and herd (heath) management in confined and pasture production systems. This book aggregates knowledge from a molecular level to a more holistic approach on disease prevention and management, giving the reader an accurate overview of the current state of the art of this topic. It intends to contribute to ensuring the supply of ethical and responsible animal protein for about eight billion of people
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  • 43
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036530895 , 9783036530888
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (226 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are a type of short non-coding RNA, are involved in number of processes, such as differentiation, development, inflammation, immune response, and cancer. miRNAs, which act as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, can control and regulate the translation and stability of target messenger RNA, contributing to cancer pathogenesis. Despite the progress that has been made in discovering the mechanisms of how miRNAs function in tumors, many questions and aspects of miRNA biology and processing still remain to be determined. This Special Issue, titled “MicroRNA in Solid Tumor and Hematological Diseases”, provides a panorama of the existing knowledge gaps and potential uses of microRNAs to predict clinical outcome or response to therapies and provides evidence to explain their role as biomarkers to modulate the biological pathways that are critical for cancer development and progression. It includes eleven peer-reviewed papers that cover the role of microRNAs in different tumor types and their potential applications in diagnosis and clinical approaches
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  • 44
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529097 , 9783036529080
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (190 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: Microalgae have been intensively studied for CO2 capture, nutrient removal from wastewater, and biofuels production. These photosynthetic microorganisms use solar energy with efficiency ten times greater than terrestrial plants and are responsible for about 50% of the world’s oxygen production. Therefore, microalgae have been considered a sustainable solution for CO2 capture. Besides carbon, their growth also requires other macronutrients: nitrogen and phosphorus. To avoid the addition of fertilizers (increasing the production costs), these nutrients can be supplied if wastewater is used as the culture medium. The integration of biomass production with wastewater treatment enables a reduction in operational costs and the environmental impact. Microalgae are also known for their high lipid contents and high growth rates and are a promising oil source for biodiesel production. This Special Issue Book presents the recent research activities concerning the environmental applications of microalgae and their potential for biofuels production, focusing on the main challenges for their large-scale application. Since microalgal culturing can address different environmental and non-environmental issues, the achievements from the integration of multiple microalgal applications are also considered in this Special Issue Book
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  • 45
    ISBN: 9783036529967 , 9783036529974
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (167 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: The first all-Russia conference with international participation “Basic Research in Endocrinology: A Modern Strategy for the Development and Technologies of Personalized Medicine” was held in Novosibirsk on 26–27 November 2020. The purpose of this conference was to disseminate the latest basic and clinical findings in the fields of etiology, clinical characteristics, and modern diagnostics and treatments of endocrine disorders among various relevant specialists. The conference was intended for practicing endocrinologists, primary care physicians, medical geneticists, pediatric endocrinologists, pediatricians, and physician–scientists. The main topics included epidemiology and pathogenesis of endocrine disorders; genomic research in endocrinology; biochemical characteristics of endocrine aberrations; immunology and immunogenetics in endocrinology; cellular technologies in endocrinology; metabolomic research in endocrinology; pharmacogenetics; basic pathomorphology; high-tech care of patients with endocrine disorders; iodine-deficiency-related, autoimmune, and oncological diseases of the thyroid; modern diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for diabetes mellitus; osteoporosis and osteopenias; polyendocrinopathies; an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome; hypo- and hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D; neuroendocrine disorders; reproductive health; rehabilitation of patients with endocrine disorders; health resort and spa treatments of endocrine disorders and comorbid conditions
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  • 46
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036530352 , 9783036530345
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (258 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Metals have always played a significant role in human life, and the current global growth and prosperity are directly dependent on these materials. With the rapidly growing global demand for metals, their extraction from natural minerals (as their primary sources) has been enhanced, causing a significant reduction in the grade and quality of the ores in ore deposits and leading to the production of huge amounts of waste, which requires management. In light of this, new proposals to develop more advanced metal recovery technologies from minerals are needed. Additionally, the huge quantity of waste generated through all steps of metal production is known to be a source of environmental pollution, while its valorization can create value via recycling metals or even though use in the production of other valuable materials. Such waste valorization is also in line with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as well as the implementation of the Paris Agreement. In this regard, the recycling of end-user products in order to reproduce valuable metals can also create significant value and reduce mining activities, and thus, their harmful consequences worldwide. Therefore, research and development in the state-of-the-art technologies for the recovery and recycling of metals are absolutely necessary. The aim of this Special Issue was to collect a range of articles on different aspects of valuable metal recovery and recycling from primary and secondary sources, as well as to decipher all new methods, processes, and knowledge in valuable metal production. We hope that this open access Special Issue will provide a great opportunity to demonstrate the work of researchers working in this area all around the world and help to provide new ideas for researchers who are working in the areas of hydrometallurgy, mineral processing, and waste recycling and valorization
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  • 47
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528182 , 9783036528199
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (134 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Kurzfassung: Today, food animal production systems demand high energy, land, chemicals, and water—all of which are increasingly becoming scarce. Thus, change and innovation are required in many animal production systems to meet the present and future demands for animal products sustainably. Over the last four decades, inexpensive grain, energy, and protein have enabled the economic development of intensive meat, eggs, and milk production systems based on feeding grains and other ingredients sourced from far-off places. The poultry and pig intensive production systems have become highly capital intensive, and they have resulted in many environmental challenges.Food animal feed, nutrition, and welfare are the foundation of successful animal systems. They directly or indirectly affect the entire animal production sector, associated services, public goods, and services, including animal productivity, health and welfare, product quality and safety, land use and land-use change, and greenhouse gas emissions. The sustainability of food animal nutrition and welfare is crucial in developing animal production across production systems. The sustainable increase in animal productivity, which is key to meeting the large current and future demands for animal origin products, cannot be achieved without sustainable animal nutrition and welfare
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  • 48
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528632 , 9783036528625
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (122 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: Recent increasing trends of the occurrence of natural and anthropic processes have a strong impact on landscape modification, and there is a growing need for the implementation of effective instruments, tools, and approaches to understand and manage landscape changes. A great improvement in the availability of high-resolution DEMs, GIS tools, and algorithms of automatic extraction of landform features and change detections has favored an increase in the analysis of landscape changes, which became an essential instrument for the quantitative evaluation of landscape changes in many research fields. One of the most effective ways of investigating natural landscape changes is the geomorphological one, which benefits from recent advances in the development of digital elevation model (DEM) comparison software and algorithms, image change detection, and landscape evolution models. This Special Issue collects six papers concerning the application of traditional and innovative multidisciplinary methods in several application fields, such as geomorphology, urban and territorial systems, vegetation restoration, and soil science. The papers include multidisciplinary studies that highlight the usefulness of quantitative analyses of satellite images and UAV-based DEMs, the application of Landscape Evolution Models (LEMs) and automatic landform classification algorithms to solve multidisciplinary issues of landscape changes. A review article is also presented, dealing with the bibliometric analysis of the research topic
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  • 49
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036530420 , 9783036530437
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Development economics & emerging economies
    Kurzfassung: Nearly ten years since the official launch of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), an understanding of what the initiative’s objectives are consolidated. However, the short-, mid-, and long-term implications of the initiative are less clear. This is reflected in academic research, as well as in policy-oriented publications stemming from the global think-tank sector. This collection adds to this debate by offering a glimpse into selected aspects of BRI and its development, including the applicability of existing theories of trade to the case of BRI, the specificity of investment modes associated with BRI, sustainability, SDGs, socio-cultural issues, and many other implications. Due to its focus on diverse aspects of BRI, this collection will be of interest to students of international economics, international relations, and related subjects
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  • 50
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036526959 , 9783036526942
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (324 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Symmetry and quantum mechanics are two of the most fundamental probes we have of nature. This collection of eleven papers discusses new quantum phenomena in atoms, galaxies, and people (quantum cognition), which is a testimonial to the breadth of the influence of symmetry and quantum mechanics. The book represents an international effort of researchers from educational and research institutions in nine countries, including India, Finland, France, Mexico, Norway, Russia, Spain, Turkey, and the United States. The papers can be divided into four broad categories: Fundamentals of quantum systems, including a new derivation of the uncertainty principle from optimal stochastic control theory, a new model of energy transfer between atoms with no wave function collapse, a new asymmetric optical micro-device with the remarkable property of showing a current with no applied voltage, and a model of quantum cognition to predict the effect of irrelevant information on decision making. 2. Algebraic methods in quantum mechanics, describing an elegant derivation of hydrogen atom Stark effect matrix elements, and a new group theoretical method for the computation of radiative shifts. Teleportation and scattering, including a method to improve the information transfer in teleportation, and the use of permutation symmetry to compute scattering cross sections. Cosmology, including scalar-tensor theory applied to inflation, the characterization of new Levi-Cevita space-times, and a comprehensive analysis of gravitational dispersion forces
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  • 51
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528885 , 9783036528892
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (195 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: Due to innovation in technology, a new type of patient has been created, the e-patient, characterized by the use of electronic communication tools and commitment to participate in their own care. The extent to which the world of digital health has changed during the COVID-19 pandemic has been widely recognized. Remote medicine has become part of the new normal for patients and clinicians, introducing innovative care delivery models that are likely to endure even if the pendulum swings back to some degree in a post-COVID age. The development of digital applications and remote communication technologies for patients with multiple sclerosis has increased rapidly in recent years. For patients, eHealth apps have been shown to improve outcomes and increase access to care, disease information, and support. For HCPs, eHealth technology may facilitate the assessment of clinical disability, analysis of lab and imaging data, and remote monitoring of patient symptoms, adverse events, and outcomes. It may allow time optimization and more timely intervention than is possible with scheduled face-to-face visits. The way we measure the impact of MS on daily life has remained relatively unchanged for decades, and is heavily reliant on clinic visits that may only occur once or twice each year.These benefits are important because multiple sclerosis requires ongoing monitoring, assessment, and management.The aim of this Special Issue is to cover the state of knowledge and expertise in the field of eHealth technology applied to multiple sclerosis, from clinical evaluation to patient education
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  • 52
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    ISBN: 9783036528717 , 9783036528700
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (410 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The fundamentals of mechanical system dynamics were established before the beginning of the industrial era. The 18th century was a very important time for science and was characterized by the development of classical mechanics. This development progressed in the 19th century, and new, important applications related to industrialization were found and studied. The development of computers in the 20th century revolutionized mechanical system dynamics owing to the development of numerical simulation. We are now in the presence of the fourth industrial revolution. Mechanical systems are increasingly integrated with electrical, fluidic, and electronic systems, and the industrial environment has become characterized by the cyber-physical systems of industry 4.0. Within this framework, the status-of-the-art has become represented by integrated mechanical systems and supported by accurate dynamic models able to predict their dynamic behavior. Therefore, mechanical systems dynamics will play a central role in forthcoming years. This Special Issue aims to disseminate the latest research findings and ideas in the field of mechanical systems dynamics, with particular emphasis on novel trends and applications
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  • 53
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    ISBN: 9783036528946 , 9783036528953
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (188 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Medical study & revision guides & reference material
    Kurzfassung: This e-book version of the Special Issue “Hemorheology and Metabolites” has been dedicated to the novel findings and recent advances in hemorheology, presenting clinical or clinically oriented experimental research and review articles in the context of metabolites, metabolic alterations and blood macro- and micro-rheology
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  • 54
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529325 , 9783036529332
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (146 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Neurosciences
    Kurzfassung: This special issue on the genetics of Alzheimer's disease was edited by Drs. Laura Ibanez and Justin Miller in 2021. It contains 10 original articles and reviews that help readers understand specific genetic contributions to Alzheimer's disease and how genetics will play a role in future Alzheimer's disease research
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  • 55
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036527659 , 9783036527642
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (218 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Information technology industries
    Kurzfassung: Mathematical modeling is a powerful approach supporting the investigation of open problems in natural sciences, in particular physics, biology and medicine. Applied mathematics allows to translate the available information about real-world phenomena into mathematical objects and concepts. Mathematical models are useful descriptive tools that allow to gather the salient aspects of complex biological systems along with their fundamental governing laws, by elucidating the system behavior in time and space, also evidencing symmetry, or symmetry breaking, in geometry and morphology. Additionally, mathematical models are useful predictive tools able to reliably forecast the future system evolution or its response to specific inputs. More importantly, concerning biomedical systems, such models can even become prescriptive tools, allowing effective, sometimes optimal, intervention strategies for the treatment and control of pathological states to be planned. The application of mathematical physics, nonlinear analysis, systems and control theory to the study of biological and medical systems results in the formulation of new challenging problems for the scientific community. This Special Issue includes innovative contributions of experienced researchers in the field of mathematical modelling applied to biology and medicine
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  • 56
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528793 , 9783036528786
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: The genus Quercus (Quercus, Fagaceae) comprises more than 400 species distributed throughout the northern hemisphere. While the highest oak diversity occurs in American and Asia, European species are also widespread. Oaks are ecological dominants of many temperate forests, and evergreen species are major components of Mediterranean and subtropical woodlands. They provide important ecosystem services and valuable timber. Oak species exhibit high genetic diversity, and this diversity has provided a wealth of information regarding oak ecology and evolution. Recent genetic and genomic studies of oaks have unraveled their evolutionary origins, history, and past radiations. Genetic approaches have also been applied to learn about more recent events, such as range expansions and contractions occurring at northern latitudes
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  • 57
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529448 , 9783036529455
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Pharmaceutical industries
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue covers different aspects of the nano/microencapsulation of drugs, including papers describing the design, preparation, and characterization of nano- and micro-carrier-based drug delivery systems and the latest developments in key fields. Eight articles regarding this topic were selected for this Special Issue, demonstrating the potential of this development strategy for drug delivery in a wide range of applications (from cancer treatment to wound healing, as well as cardiovascular or ocular diseases). Prestigious experts in these fields have participated in this Special Issue, sharing their research and contributions with authors affiliated with different Universities and other renowned and well-respected institutions
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9783036524382 , 9783036524399
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (245 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: “ME/CFS: Causes, Clinical Features and Diagnosis” addresses the early stages of ME/CFS and underlying predisposing factors. It considers the plight of the individual patient, and also the impact of the illness on society as a whole, which is considerable, in terms of both costs and social disruption. Patients and their families and carers frequently experience discrimination and difficulties accessing care. This volume will be of particular interest to those undertaking scientific research and those providing clinical care for ME/CFS patients, as well as to social policy analysts, policy makers and governments, and specialists in social research and medical education. There is a major focus on shortcomings in terms of medical education, resulting in considerable gaps in knowledge and understanding of the condition among many doctors. International comparisons indicate that these problems are encountered in many countries. This is particularly topical at a time when Long Covid-19 has moved post-viral syndromes to the forefront of the political agenda, and confronted society with new challenges in this area on a hitherto unprecedented scale. The volume addresses the many points of similarity between Long Covid-19 and ME/CFS. Mitigation of the illness is also addressed, through espousal of a more patient-centred approach to care, and through consideration of the scope for prevention. Sixty-nine authors from seventeen European countries, and from Canada and the USA have contributed to this volume, which is a truly international collaboration
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  • 59
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528533 , 9783036528526
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The book is a collection of scientific contributions that highlight how scientific and technological evolution can change the paradigm of organic waste as an environmental problem into a renewable resource of energy and materials. Numerous researchers and research institutions that are located in different countries with varying levels of socio-economic development and other traditions were involved in this work. The materials that were considered include household waste, including human excreta and those generated by typical urban activities. The organic waste was derived from the agro-industrial sector and from packaging labelled as being biodegradable. Problems related to the detoxification of aquatic plants are discussed and the use of these plants for their ability to produce biomethane is documented simultaneously. An organic waste management strategy that was developed in the Albania context is also presented and discussed. Anaerobic digestion is one of the most widely studied technologies in this field, and this process is responsible for the production of biogas or methane, even in fossil resource-rich countries. On the other hand, aerobic fermentation is considered for the degradation of very toxic organic substances that can be dissolved into aqueous solutions that aid in the recovery of valuable materials from electrical and electronic equipment that do not have further use. There are a wide range of arguments and experiences that support the use of waste as a resource through disposal with simultaneous energy enhancement and the production of new materials, thus limiting the use of non-renewable resources for more sustainable development for the benefit of future generations
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  • 60
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036526690 , 9783036526683
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (230 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: This book addresses pre-conditions for developing a sustainable and resilient economy and society, emphasizing resources used in future-oriented technologies. With the in-depth analysis of assessments for primary and secondary raw materials, the different contributions meet the need of researchers in the fields of Industrial Ecology, Life Science, and Materials Engineering. Thought-out resource strategies are crucial, establishing a well-designed Circular Economy with sophisticated cascading use stages and reducing emissions to air, water and soil. So, sustainable mining, smelting, and refining processes for metals and minerals have to be improved and new material processes—coming from waste—in the field of the bioeconomy have to be implemented. This book discusses criticality assessments and other classification schemes to quantify supply risks and environmental and social burdens. With tools such as Life Cycle Assessments, the authors identify critical resources and processes in several case studies
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  • 61
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036530932 , 9783036530925
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (270 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: At present, more and more procedures and technologies used to discover and characterize new materials are available, including advanced characterization techniques.This Special Issue covers a wide range of topics about obtaining and characterizing new materials, from the nano to macro scales, including for new alloys, ceramics, composites, biomaterials, and polymers and the procedures and technologies used to enhance their structure, properties, and functions. To select new materials for future use, we must first understand their structure and their characteristics using modern techniques such as microscopy (SEM, TEM, AFM, STM, etc.), spectroscopy (EDX, XRD, XRF, FTIR, XPS, etc.), and mechanical tests (tensile, hardness, elastic modulus, toughness, etc.) and their behaviors (in vitro and in vivo; corrosion; and thermal—DSC, STA, DMA, magnetic properties, and biocompatibility), among many others
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  • 62
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528823 , 9783036528830
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Neurosciences
    Kurzfassung: As editors of this book our aim was to collect new data from experienced authors in order to further advance the knowledge on the protective effects of polyphenols’ intake, e.g., when included in the human diet, to modulate cellular functions and pathways associated with neurodegenerative diseases.Fruits and vegetables are the richest source of polyphenols in the regular human diet. Most of these molecules possess high antioxidant capacity, as well as several other important activities that can affect human health, among which anti-inflammatory properties and the potential ability to modulate different cell-signalling pathways seem to be the most important. Neurodegenerative diseases are among the main causes of death worldwide and, in most of them like Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s, neurodegeneration occurs long before the onset of first symptoms, where a large population of brain neurons are already lost. Besides neurons, glial cells like astrocytes and microglia, are involved in oxidative and neuroinflammatory pathological pathways, making them interesting targets for neuroprotective strategies. Polyphenols are promising candidates for those strategies, either as prophylactic substances or as therapeutic molecules.In this book, several research papers and two reviews explore the chemical properties of naturally occurring polyphenols and some new possibilities for the therapeutical and/or prophylactic roles of these molecules on neurodegeneration and neurodegenerative diseases
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9783036527635 , 9783036527628
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Food & society
    Kurzfassung: Sustainable agricultural practices are needed to provide food security for a growing global population. Food production is usually associated with high nutrient inputs in the form of mineral fertilizers. Since the beginning of agriculture, such practices have led to soil degradation and the release of environmental contaminants. In this Special Issue, we will focus on innovations in organic and inorganic fertilizer production. We welcome studies concerning new approaches for smart fertilizer development, including bioformulations with mineral particles, nanomaterials, and plant growth promoting microorganisms. We especially encourage authors taking advantage of ecological interactions to improve plant nutrient-use efficiency. Moreover, we would like to include contributions that focus on organic amendments to increase or propitiate the terrestrial C sequestration and stabilization, in order to contribute to mitigating climate change at the same time increasing food security by soil fertility, thus making win–win–win scenarios. Such techniques may concern, but are not limited to, innovative organic waste recycling procedures and new applications of mycorrhizae, rhizobioms, or free living soil bacteria and fungi
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  • 64
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529639 , 9783036529622
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (214 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: Honey bee pathogens are spread worldwide and are strongly related to the decline of honey bee populations, which has severe implications for beekeeping, honey production and ecology. Honey bee pathogens are continuously studied by researchers with the aim to better understand the host­–parasite relationship of these pathogens and the effects that they have on bee colonies. Honey bee pathogens include bacteria (i.e., Melissococcus plutonius and Paenibacillus larvae), microsporidia (i.e., Nosema apis and Nosema ceranae), fungi (i.e., Ascosphaera apis), protozoa (i.e., Lotmaria passim, Crithidia bombi and Crithidia mellificae) and viruses (i.e., ABPV, CBPV, IAPV, KBV, DWV, BQCV and SBV). All of these pathogens are able to infect other bee species; infections would have important implications for their life cycles (e.g., Osmia sp. and Bombus sp.) or cause unknown epidemiological effects for other hymenopterans. In addition, old and new invasive pests (such as Varroa destructor, Aethina tumida, Vespa velutina, etc.) necessitate more studies to define their role as possible vectors or possible sources of infection for honey bees. For these reasons, knowledge on honey bee pathogens has become a matter of public interest and is connected with the critical role of honey bee health. The aim of this Special Issue is to explore honey bee pathogens, considering any aspect in relation to host–pathogen interaction and highlighting the possible interaction and spillover with other bee species and invasive pests, through a series of research articles that focus on different aspects of pathologies
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  • 65
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036530390 , 9783036530383
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (156 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Nanophotonics has emerged as a multidisciplinary frontier of science and engineering. Due to its high potential to contribute to breakthroughs in many areas of technology, nanophotonics is capturing the interest of many researchers from different fields. This Special Issue of Applied Sciences on “Recent advances and future trends in nanophotonics” aims to give an overview on the latest developments in nanophotonics and its roles in different application domains. Topics of discussion include, but are not limited to, the exploration of new directions of nanophotonic science and technology that enable technological breakthroughs in high-impact areas mainly regarding diffraction elements, detection, imaging, spectroscopy, optical communications, and computing
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  • 66
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528564 , 9783036528571
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (280 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: Tumor cells commonly exhibit dependence on a single activated oncogenic pathway or protein to maintain their malignant proliferation and survival, a phenomenon called “oncogene addiction”. According to this concept, protein kinases have been identified as promising molecular targets for cancer therapy. There are several possibilities for targeting these proteins in cancer, including monoclonal antibodies, compounds able to favor the proteolytic degradation of the kinase, small-molecule protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs). Moreover, new anticancer treatments have increasingly been developed focusing on tumor suppressor genes and RNA interference. Despite promising results in cancer treatment with targeted cancer drugs, clinical experience has shown that only a fraction of patients respond to targeted therapies, even if their tumor expresses the altered target. This is known as primary resistance. Otherwise, secondary or acquired resistance to the treatment arises, almost invariably, when tumors are treated with cancer drugs. We set out to select some studies containing emerging developments on the subject. In essence, this collection aims to highlight some recent findings regarding resistance mechanisms and reviews of molecular targeting and resistance with 14 contributions, including 10 original research papers and 4 reviews. Aspects relating to solid cancers, such as breast, ovary, colon, and blood cancers such as leukemia, and the identification of resistance mechanisms and new molecular targets, help to create the basis for the preclinical and clinical development of more effective next-generation drugs
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  • 67
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529264 , 9783036529271
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (550 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: The rapid outbreak of the COVID-19 has presented unprecedented challenges on education systems. Closing schools and universities and cancelling face-to-face activities have become a COVID-19 inevitable reality in most parts of the world. To be business-as-usual, many higher education providers have taken steps toward digital transformation, and implementing a range of remote teaching, learning and assessment approaches. This book provides timely research on COVID-19 impacts on education systems and seeks to bring together scholars, educators, policymakers and practitioners to collectively and critically identify, investigate and share best practices that lead to rethinking and reframing the way we deliver education in future
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9783036529202 , 9783036529219
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (412 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Kurzfassung: Sustainable development in the agriculture sector is crucial to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations (UN). There are lots of challenges to developing modern and intelligent agricultural techniques, tools, and systems, by which sustainable agriculture and food security can be satisfied. In addition, carbon-neutral development and clean energy utilization are also associated with the UN-SDGs. Such agricultural, biological, and environmental engineering studies are needed in the 21st century, particularly from the viewpoint of the agricultural water–energy–food security nexus. This book focuses on the recent proliferation and technological advancements in these engineering applications. This book aims to share recent updates on agricultural, biological, and environmental engineering, and the application of these engineering techniques in the agriculture sector. It presents such engineering technologies and applications in seven categories that include energy system applications in agriculture (three studies); irrigation and drainage (four studies); biomass, biogas, and biochar (three studies); farm mechanization and soil science (three studies); remote sensing and geographical studies (two studies); wastewater and biological studies (two studies); and case studies and societal aspects in agriculture (five studies). The editors believe that this book will be useful for agricultural scientists, researchers, and students
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  • 69
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529486 , 9783036529493
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (249 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Additive manufacturing (AM) or, more commonly, 3D printing is one of the fundamental elements of Industry 4.0. and the fourth industrial revolution. It has shown its potential example in the medical, automotive, aerospace, and spare part sectors. Personal manufacturing, complex and optimized parts, short series manufacturing and local on-demand manufacturing are some of the current benefits. Businesses based on AM have experienced double-digit growth in recent years. Accordingly, we have witnessed considerable efforts in developing processes and materials in terms of speed, costs, and availability. These open up new applications and business case possibilities all the time, which were not previously in existence. Most research has focused on material and AM process development or effort to utilize existing materials and processes for industrial applications. However, improving the understanding and simulation of materials and AM process and understanding the effect of different steps in the AM workflow can increase the performance even more. The best way of benefit of AM is to understand all the steps related to that—from the design and simulation to additive manufacturing and post-processing ending the actual application.The objective of this Special Issue was to provide a forum for researchers and practitioners to exchange their latest achievements and identify critical issues and challenges for future investigations on “Modeling, Simulation and Data Processing for Additive Manufacturing”. The Special Issue consists of 10 original full-length articles on the topic
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  • 70
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036527666 , 9783036527673
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (126 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: With this Special Issue, we have aimed to collect, publish and disseminate some of the most significant and recent contributions using both natural compounds present in living organisms and some of their chemical derivatives aimed at reducing the risk of developing inflammatory and oxidative diseases such as cancer, metabolic syndrome and other human disorders related to the bone, vascular and ocular systems. The publication of articles on the anticancer and antioxidant activity of natural compounds and their derivatives is particularly encouraged.Natural products, many of them phytochemicals, are bioactive compounds. They have traditionally been used by different cultures for the prevention and treatment of various human diseases. Subsequently, their chemical derivatives are being used to enhance their bioactivities. antiproliferative, antitumour, growth stimulating, as well as cardio- and neuroprotective activities, with particular attention being paid to the study of their antitumour capacity, through potential modulation of cancer initiation and growth, cell differentiation, apoptosis and autophagy, angiogenesis and metastatic dissemination.Aucuba japonica; aucubin; cornea; dry eye; tear; chondrosarcoma cells; osteoarthritis; Ryupunghwan (natural product mixture); IL-1β; isomucronulatol 7-O-β-d-glucoside; ecliptasaponin A; cardiomyocytes (H9C2 cells); angiotensin II; hypertension; No-ap (natural product mixture); reactive oxygen species; roseoside; icariside E4; acetylcholinesterase; butyrylcholinesterase; triterpenoids; Teucrium mascatense; natural plant products; anticancer activity; breast and cervical cancer; apoptosis; caspases; aberrant crypt foci; colon cancer; mucin depleted foci; maslinic acid; dimethylhydrazine; saikosaponin d; neuropilin-1; HepG2; metabolomics; metabolite deregulation score; n/a
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  • 71
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036531427 , 9783036531434
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: This book is a collection of research articles and review articles, which was published in the Special Issue "Advanced Magnetic Nanocomposites: Structural, Physical Properties and Application". This book ‘‘Advanced Magnetic Nanocomposites: Structural, Physical Properties and Application’’ discussed recent development on advanced magnetic nanoparticles and nanocomposites with detailed explanation of structural and physical characteristics, and further possible potential application
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9783036526171 , 9783036526164
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The increasing demand for high data rate applications and the delivery of zero-latency multimedia content drives technological evolutions towards the design and implementation of next-generation broadband wireless networks. In this context, various novel technologies have been introduced, such as millimeter wave (mmWave) transmission, massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems, and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) schemes in order to support the vision of fifth generation (5G) wireless cellular networks. The introduction of these technologies, however, is inextricably connected with a holistic redesign of the current transceiver structures, as well as the network architecture reconfiguration. To this end, ultra-dense network deployment along with distributed massive MIMO technologies and intermediate relay nodes have been proposed, among others, in order to ensure an improved quality of services to all mobile users. In the same framework, the design and evaluation of novel antenna configurations able to support wideband applications is of utmost importance for 5G context support. Furthermore, in order to design reliable 5G systems, the channel characterization in these frequencies and in the complex propagation environments cannot be ignored because it plays a significant role. In this Special Issue, fourteen papers are published, covering various aspects of novel antenna designs for broadband applications, propagation models at mmWave bands, the deployment of NOMA techniques, radio network planning for 5G networks, and multi-beam antenna technologies for 5G wireless communications
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  • 73
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036525907 , 9783036525914
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: This special edition of Pathogens brings together a breadth of information on rotavirus and global rotavirus vaccines, to highlight rotavirus research from across the world that represents recent advances in our knowledge of vaccine effectiveness, rotavirus epidemiology, genotypic diversity, and genomic characterisation
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9783036530291 , 9783036530284
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (154 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue gathers original studies (eight articles and one review) that aim to improve our knowledge concerning mycotoxin toxicity. The most recent research concerning the impact of zearalenone (ZEA) and the immune response is presented in a review that aims to explore the immunotoxicity produced by ZEA on different types of immune cells (phagocytes related to innate immunity and lymphocytes related to acquired immunity) as well as on immune organs, and also to identify the mechanism of action used by ZEA to modulate the immune response. The role of zearalenone in macrophage-mediated innate immunity after bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation was the subject of another study, suggesting that the intake of ZEA-contaminated food might result in decreasing innate immunity. Another important study related to the co-exposure to mycotoxins and other food/feed contaminants showed that combining patulin with cadmium induces enhanced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo, while the exposure to both deoxynivalenol and porcine circovirus has an additive effect on inflammatory cytokines by inducing the mRNA expression of interleukine-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukine-6 (IL-6). The use of feed compounds rich in bioactive constituents for mitigating the mycotoxins effects in swine was the subject of other three studies herein, which have shown the efficacy of antioxidants from dietary grapeseed and sea buckthorn meal waste to decrease the toxicity of a diet contaminated with aflatoxin B1 or both aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A at the level of organs involved in the metabolism and excretion (liver and kidney), as well as at the level of secondary lymphoid organs (mesenteric lymph nodes). The use of different models (cell co-culture model, rat model) are recommended by another two studies in order to evaluate the ochratoxin A toxicity or for better prediction of the mycotoxins risk for human cancer
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  • 75
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529424 , 9783036529431
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Technology: general issues
    Kurzfassung: Nanomaterial is defined a natural, incidental or manufactured material containing particles, in an unbound state or as an aggregate or as an agglomerate and where, for 50 % or more of the particles in the number size distribution, one or more external dimensions is in the size range 1 nm to 100 nm. Nanomaterials not only differ from the corresponding bulk materials in morphological properties but they can also demonstrate different physico-chemical characteristics. Manufactured nanomaterials are regarded as key components of innovations in various fields with high potential impact, such as energy generation and storage, electronics, photonics, diagnostics, integrated sensors, semiconductors, foods, textiles, structural materials, sunscreens, cosmetics, and coatings or drug delivery systems, and medical imaging equipment. Widespread use of nanomaterials raises concerns about their safety for humans and the environment, possibly limiting the impact of the nanotechnology-based innovation. The development of safe nanomaterials has to result in a safe, as well as functional material or product. Its safe use, and disposal at the end of its life cycle must be taken into account too. Responsibility for the safe handling of synthetic nanomaterials therefore rests with the manufacturer and importer. This book gathers and reviews the collection of five contributions (four articles and one review), with authors from Europe and America accepted for publication in the aforementioned Special Issue of Fibers
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  • 76
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036530208 , 9783036530215
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (158 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences ; Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Kurzfassung: Fruit production has faced many challenges in recent years as society seeks to increase fruit consumption while increasing safety and reducing the harmful effects of intensive farming practices (e.g., pesticides and fertilizers). In the last 50 years, the population has more than doubled and is expected to grow to 9 billion people by 2050. Per capita consumption of fruit is also increasing during this time and the global fruit industry is facing a major challenge to produce enough fruit in quantity and quality. The need for sustainable production of nutritious food is critical for human and environmental health.This book provides some answers to people who are increasingly concerned about the sustainability of fruit production and the fruit industry as a whole
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  • 77
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036527062 , 9783036527079
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (303 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Environmental economics
    Kurzfassung: There is a growing concern about the climate; numerous voices stress that, in order to overcome the climate crisis, the transition to a low-carbon society is the most reasonable path to follow. In this type of society, individuals would be characterized by making mindful efforts to drastically decrease carbon and greenhouse gas emissions, and promote benign energy sources. In order to facilitate this transition, a social perspective in addition to technological, political and economic aspects must be integrated into the relevant decision-making processes. This is necessary because the public can strongly affect actions aimed at driving profound changes in traditional energy systems. To contribute to the effort of promoting energy transition, the Editors of this book invited scholars and practitioners conducting research in the areas of climate change and the energy transition to submit their work. This book includes studies that establish a valuable source of information which can be used to enhance decision-making processes which, in turn, can turn the energy transition into reality. Hopefully, efforts such as this collection of knowledge can help economies make a step towards a secure and sustainable energy future in which renewables will have replaced the centuries-long human dependence on fossil fuels
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  • 78
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528366 , 9783036528373
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: The work included in this book focuses on precision machining and grinding processes, including milling, laser machining and polishing on various materials for high-end applications. These processes are in the forefront of contemporary technology, with significant industrial applications. Their importance is also made clear by the important works that are included in the research that is presented in the book. Some important aspects of these processes are investigated, and process parameters are optimized. This is performed in the presented works with significant experimental and modelling work, incorporating modern tools of analysis and measurements
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  • 79
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036526867 , 9783036526874
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (298 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine ; Pharmaceutical industries
    Kurzfassung: The book broadly deals with therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and various relevant topics, including different antibody formats such as Antibody–Drug Conjugates (ADC), bispecifics, nanoparticle-based mAbs and HER2+ cancers, immune checkpoint inhibitors and other closely related topics. Each paper was written by leading active research groups in their fields both from academia and industry. The book should be of interest to those scientists and researchers who develop or use biologics, biotherapeutics, biosimilars and biobetters in cancer treatment
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  • 80
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529134 , 9783036529127
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: Oxygen is an essential molecule in the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in cells, and a lack of energy due to O2 deficiency makes the maintenance of biological functions and human life improbable. Since oxygen functions as the final electron acceptor in the series of ATP synthesis reactions in conjunction with oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, its deficiency causes the oxidation of a series of coenzymes, such as nicotinamide and flavin adenine dinucleotide, and the reduction in oxygen molecules to water molecules (H2O). Persistent deficiency has been believed to cause a loss of biological functions, even resulting in death. This classical view of oxygen has been completely revised over the last 20 years. Mammals do not have a mechanism for biosynthesizing oxygen in their bodies. In higher organisms such as vertebrates, which possess many organs, oxygen in the body is always “scarce,”; therefore, the dominant view is that organisms have evolved mechanisms to respond to the lack of this essential molecule (hypoxia), and actively use it to maintain bodily integrity. Anatomically complex, higher multicellular organisms are equipped with specialized mechanisms to enable all cells to obtain sufficient oxygen. The respiratory system consists of lungs, which provide oxygen to be transferred to hemoglobin in red blood cells, the diaphragm, other respiratory support muscles, and neuroepithelial cells that sense the partial pressure of oxygen. The cardiovascular system consists of red blood cells, an oxygen-carrying medium, the heart, the transport engine, blood vessels, and transport channels. The proper development and preservation of these systems requires the harmonious expression of thousands of genes. The transcription factor responsible for this gene expression is hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). In this Special Issue, we invited research and review papers on various areas of oxygen biology research that focused on the fundamental understanding of HIF signaling pathways and related gene expression profiling, as well as pharmacogenomic biomarkers, molecular targets driving the regulation of human physiology and pathophysiology, and validation in animal models. We have published six original papers and three review articles in this Special Issue. We hope that this Special Issue will reflect the current exciting research concerning HIFs and their applications in medicine and health science
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  • 81
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036525693 , 9783036525686
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (264 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue puts together recent findings in advanced technologies for the optimization of internal combustion engines in order to help the scientific community address the efforts towards the development of higher-power engines with lower fuel consumption and pollutant emissions
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 82
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528519 , 9783036528502
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Globally, record weather temperatures and changing climatic patterns, attributed partly to energy use and related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, indicate that the issue of global warming cannot be marginalized. In most countries buildings account for a significant share of the total final energy consumed and are responsible for associated CO2 emissions. In response to market needs and demands for social, economic, and environmental sustainability of housing in developed and developing countries, the Zero-Energy Mass Custom Home (ZEMCH), integrating lean design and sustainable construction concepts, was envisaged and discussed internationally. To deliver a marketable and reliable near-zero-energy/emission-conscious mass custom home, various key design, technological, production and marketing, and delivery and operational parameters need to be optimized harmoniously. This book compiles recent research articles of ZEMCH International Research 2020. A wide range of ZEMCH topics, including building envelope evaluations, occupant choice and experience, indoor environmental quality, automated control systems, mass customization, and integration of renewable energy, on both building and urban scales are covered. It aims to address current questions as well as present challenges and opportunities for continuous development of built environments for users with diverse socio-economic backgrounds and cultural differences in developed and developing countries
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9783036529547 , 9783036529554
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (383 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Mathematics & science
    Kurzfassung: This Special Issue puts forward for discussion state-of-the-art papers on new topics related to neutrosophic theories, such as neutrosophic algebraic structures, neutrosophic triplet algebraic structures, neutrosophic extended triplet algebraic structures, neutrosophic algebraic hyperstructures, neutrosophic triplet algebraic hyperstructures, neutrosophic n-ary algebraic structures, neutrosophic n-ary algebraic hyperstructures, refined neutrosophic algebraic structures, refined neutrosophic algebraic hyperstructures, quadruple neutrosophic algebraic structures, refined quadruple neutrosophic algebraic structures, neutrosophic image processing, neutrosophic image classification, neutrosophic computer vision, neutrosophic machine learning, neutrosophic artificial intelligence, neutrosophic data analytics, neutrosophic deep learning, neutrosophic symmetry, and their applications in the real world. This book leads to the further advancement of the neutrosophic and plithogenic theories of NeutroAlgebra and AntiAlgebra, NeutroGeometry and AntiGeometry, Neutrosophic n-SuperHyperGraph (the most general form of graph of today), Neutrosophic Statistics, Plithogenic Logic as a generalization of MultiVariate Logic, Plithogenic Probability and Plithogenic Statistics as a generalization of MultiVariate Probability and Statistics, respectively, and presents their countless applications in our every-day world
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9783036529905 , 9783036529912
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: In the modern era of industrial revolution, urbanization, and deforestation of forest land, carbon (C) sequestration through well-known activities called “land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF)” could establish a win–win situation from a climate change and sustainable development perspective. Equally important are the socio-economic co-benefits of C sequestration, given their implications on properly designed policies, especially on restoration and/or conservation of forests located in the tropical eco-regions. Further, the huge contribution of C sequestered in the vegetation and its underlain soil helps to protect socio-economic damages from climate change. This book explores the C sequestration of vegetation and its underlying soil, deforestation, as well as its impact on climate change, a vulnerability risk assessment for the climate, socio-economic impacts, and the mitigation of future climate impact strategies. The theme of the book extends across environmental policy (e.g., the Paris Agreement and REDD+), C sequestration in the terrestrial ecosystems, the applicability of land use, and the C credit generated at regional and global scales. This book is highly useful for environmentalists, hydrologists, soil scientists, and policymakers to understand the C sequestration potential of the vegetation and underlying soil in the terrestrial ecosystems at the regional, national and global scale to further study the long-term impacts on socio-economic development resulting from its implementation via climate change modeling
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 85
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036527956 , 9783036527949
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (158 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become an enormous worldwide health problem, both in developed and less developed countries. The incidence and prevalence of CKD is high, and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Of note, CKD is the 12th most common primary cause of death, accounting for about 1 million deaths per year worldwide. CKD and end-stage renal disease are characterized by the progressive development of a series of complications, such as anemia, hyperkalemia, hypervolemia, mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD), metabolic acidosis, hyperuricemia and wasting; all of these complications have been shown to be associated with adverse outcomes, and can contribute either individually or in association to the cardiovascular morbidity and mortality observed in CKD. While at this time CKD progression is not treated with high efficacy, new biomarkers of kidney fibrosis have become available in recent years and new treatments for kidney fibrosis and cell loss could become soon available. In addition recent progress in our understanding of CKD pathophysiology together with the development of novel therapeutic agents has led to a renewed attention on the treatment of CKD–associated metabolic complications which are now are amenable to therapeutic interventions. All these important issues are addressed in this volume
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9783039432905 , 9783039432912
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: The cultivation and harvesting of sugar beets (roots and haulm) is one of the most labour and energy consuming work processes in the agricultural industry. The improvement of the qualitative indicators of the sugar beet harvesting process as the final operation in the work flow of its production represents a multi-faceted research-and-engineering problem, which is to be solved basing on the search for new implement design concepts and overall beet harvester design layouts, the thorough theoretical substantiation of their design and process parameters, the experimental verification of the completed theoretical research with the ultimate objective of the analysis and synthesis of their rational parameters. Theoretical research must play a fundamental role in the mechanical and technological substantiation of the root lifting process. It must be used as the basis for developing rational kinematic and dynamic operation conditions in order to achieve the required quality of the performed work process as well as the streamlined energy consumption. The book can be considered as one of the first solid analytical studies of the process of vibrational digging of sugar beet roots. It offers the analysis of up-to-date engineering solutions of vibrational digging tools and experimental investigations of the first vibrational lifters, the equation of oscillating motions of digging shares
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  • 87
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528052 , 9783036528045
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: Platelets are critical elements in the blood stream, supporting hemostasis (defense against bleeding), as well as performing even more complex tasks within networks of biological (immunity) and pathophysiological processes, such as cancer and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Changes in the number (and function) of platelets may have a substantial impact on any of these processes. The “simple” finding of a reduced platelet count (thrombocytopenia) has a history (origin) and a consequence (e.g., bleeding). This book brings together international experts to provide an up-to-date overview of the impact of thrombocytopenia from a clinical perspective
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  • 88
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036531281
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 97 Seiten)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Motor control and learning in childhood and adolescence: interactions with sports and exercise
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: This book represents the articles published in the Special Issue “Motor Control and Learning in Childhood and Adolescence: Interactions with Sports and Exercise”. Among the included articles, two main topics of research can be observed: those focusing on sports training and those focusing on exercise and physical activity for health. Interestingly, different study designs and methodologies were conducted, thus we believe that this book provides interesting reading for those who want to have a quick overview of the current research in motor control and learning
    Anmerkung: Auf der Rückseite der HTS: "This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Children (ISSN 2227-9067) (available at: www.mdpi.com/journal/children/special issues/motor control and learning)" , English
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  • 89
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528915 , 9783036528908
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (238 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): History of engineering & technology
    Kurzfassung: In impulse-based manufacturing technologies, the energy required to form, join or cut components acts on the workpiece in a very short time and suddenly accelerates workpiece areas to very high velocities. The correspondingly high strain rates, together with inertia effects, affect the behavior of many materials, resulting in technological benefits such as improved formability, reduced localizing and springback, extended possibilities to produce high-quality multi material joints and burr-free cutting. This Special Issue of JMMP presents the current research findings, which focus on exploiting the full potential of these processes by providing a deeper understanding of the technology and the material behavior and detailed knowledge about the sophisticated process and equipment design. The range of processes that are considered covers electromagnetic forming, electrohydraulic forming, adiabatic cutting, forming by vaporizing foil actuators and other impulse-based manufacturing technologies. Papers show significant improvements in the aforementioned processes with regard to: Processes analysis; Measurement technique; Technology development; Materials and modelling; Tools and equipment; Industrial implementation
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 90
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528168 , 9783036528175
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Information technology industries
    Kurzfassung: Decision-making on real-world problems, including individual process decisions, requires an appropriate and reliable decision support system. Fuzzy set theory, rough set theory, and neutrosophic set theory, which are MCDM techniques, are useful for modeling complex decision-making problems with imprecise, ambiguous, or vague data.This Special Issue, “Multiple Criteria Decision Making”, aims to incorporate recent developments in the area of the multi-criteria decision-making field. Topics include, but are not limited to:- MCDM optimization in engineering;- Environmental sustainability in engineering processes;- Multi-criteria production and logistics process planning;- New trends in multi-criteria evaluation of sustainable processes;- Multi-criteria decision making in strategic management based on sustainable criteria
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  • 91
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528816 , 9783036528809
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: More than 700 species of bacteria are involved in the oral cavity. Specific pathogenic bacteria have been focused on as pathogenic bacteria for oral disease: dental caries and periodontal disease. However, these pathogenic bacteria occupy a tiny fraction of the overall oral microbiome. A high throughput genomic analysis system was developed. This technology innovation enables analysis of the whole bacteria. It is hypothesized that disturbance of the oral microbiome, so-called dysbiosis, leads to the development of some diseases. This book provides knowledge concerning recent advances in the oral microbiome for researchers as well as dental clinicians
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 92
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528588 , 9783036528595
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (133 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: Schizophrenia is a common disease characterized by psychotic symptoms (e.g., delusion, hallucinations, blunted affect) and disturbances of cognitive function (e.g., memory, abstraction, attention). If not treated properly, patients may experience serious consequences in terms of social function. Much endeavor in several disciplines of medical science has been made to overcome the paucity of effective treatments for unmet needs, including cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia.This Book, contributed by experts from various regions of the globe, provides up-to-date information to facilitate the development of personal therapeutics for this enigmatic illness
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  • 93
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529233 , 9783036529226
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (284 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and the pathogenesis of this neoplasm is probably one of the most studied. The knowledge obtained over time has led to the development of screening and early diagnosis systems, allowing a significant reduction in the incidence of this neoplasm. However, what is currently known probably represents only the tip of the iceberg of the biology of this tumor. It was recently shown that the gut microbiota may contribute to colorectal cancerogenesis. In addition, several novel targeted therapies are now applied to patients with colorectal carcinoma. Nonetheless, several questions are still unanswered. Could the modulation of the gut microbiota modify the risk of tumor progression or the efficacy of therapies? Are there any predictive biomarkers of the risk of tumor progression or the efficacy of target therapies? Is metastatic colorectal cancer one or more diseases? This book collects a series of scientific articles reflecting part of the state of the art regarding colorectal cancer, seeking to answer these questions
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 94
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529691 , 9783036529684
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: Aquatic ecosystems and the water they hold have attracted people over the centuries. With the technological development and increasing needs of human society, the attitude to water and aquatic ecosystems has changed. Consequently, biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems has declined dramatically and it is still decreasing. Anthropogenic exploitation of these ecosystems and alterations of their hydrology has largely influenced hydrology-shaped plant communities. This Special Issue, “Hydrology-Shaped Plant Communities: Diversity and Ecological Function” brings new outcomes about the interactions between hydrological factors and wide spectrum of plant communities. In ecosystems, where human activities directly or indirectly affected the hydrological factors, dependent plant communities have also changed or even disappeared. These plant communities have multiple ecological functions, and one of the most important are the maintenance of water quality and enhancement of local and regional diversity of other biotic communities like diatoms, invertebrates or fish. Thus, detailed knowledge and suitable management of hydrology-shaped plant communities is a prerequisite for their unconstrained ecological functions and high diversity of aquatic ecosystems in the widest sense. The Special Issue consists of ten peer-reviewed papers on plant communities in a variety of ecosystems - from the small kettle-holes in the lowlands of northern Germany to the river Danube - the largest river within the European Union, and from different wetland types in Central Europe to the Donggting Lake – fourth largest lake in China
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 95
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036527895 , 9783036527888
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (174 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: Cryopreservation is the storage of cells, tissues and organs at ultra-low temperatures (−196 °C) and can be an important tool for long-term conservation of plant genetic resources. A wide range of cryogenic procedures have been developed for in vitro explants, dormant buds and non-orthodox seeds in many plant species; however, research that provides novelty, insight and advances for developing and improving new protocols in plant species is still needed. This book includes the development of new protocols, physical and chemical studies related to preservation in liquid nitrogen, and some reviews on several aspects of cryopreservation. This publication will be a useful document for the community of cryopreservation scientists
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  • 96
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529400 , 9783036529417
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: Increasing levels of pollution and climate change are pushing the scientific community towards more sustainable solutions for the conversion and storage of energy. This book is dedicated to ionic conductive polymers, fundamental components of devices such as fuel cells (FCs), redox flow batteries (RFBs), and electrolyzers that can help to significantly decrease the amount of greenhouse gases emission. The book focuses on commercial polymers such as Nafion, a benchmark for proton-conducting membranes, acid doped polybenzimidazole (PBI), or blended membranes containing hyperbranched poly(arylene ether sulfone (PAES)/Linear poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO) as anion exchange membranes (AEMs). Promising and low-cost sulfonated aromatic polymers (SAP), or solid polymer blend electrolytes (SPBEs) based on natural chitosan (CS) and methylcellulose (MC). This book is also reports some strategies to enhance mechanical stability, such as cross-linking (XL), or several techniques, including classical casting methods or electrospinning (ES). I am confident that this book will serve to further stimulate advances in this research area, in both the sectors of membranes and catalysts, the first is essential for the long-term functioning of the system, and the second for a drastic reduction in costs, especially in fuel cells
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9783036530796 , 9783036530789
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (216 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general ; Biology, life sciences
    Kurzfassung: The enteric protozoans Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are the most common diarrhoea-causing protozoan parasites worldwide. Cryptosporidium spp. is a leading cause of diarrhoea morbidity and mortality in children younger than 5 years of age in poor-resource settings in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Although infection by G. duodenalis is rarely a fatal condition, giardiasis is commonly associated with childhood growth faltering and cognitive impairment. Because of their significant socioeconomic impact, particularly in low-income countries, giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis joined the “Neglected Disease Initiative” launched by the World Health Organization in 2004. Both Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis are ubiquitous in the environment and can infect a wide range of hosts with different specificities, meaning that humans may acquire the infection via waterborne, foodborne, or zoonotic transmission. Recent advances in detection and molecular epidemiology have indicated that certain species/genotypes of Cryptosporidium and G. duodenalis have an expanded range of suitable hosts, suggesting that their transmission pathways are more intricate than previously thought, challenging our current notion of host specificities. Therefore, there is a clear need for more studies that aim to investigate the frequency and molecular diversity of these parasites in humans, production and companion animals, and wildlife species. This information would be extremely useful to elucidate the transmission dynamics of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis and to investigate the exact contribution of zoonotic events to human infections
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 98
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528458 , 9783036528441
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (133 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Humanities ; Social interaction
    Kurzfassung: This compendium describes the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of people lives. Data presented in this collection will be useful to understand the disruption in healthcare, learning, and socio-economic aspects amidst the pandemic. The sooner we begin to understand the impact, the better placed we will be to address the unmet needs of vulnerable population groups
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 99
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036529394 , 9783036529387
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Medicine
    Kurzfassung: The dual role of complement in both cancer development and treatment has been investigated extensively and is characterized by a substantial literature that documents the conditions in which complement can either enhance tumor growth or promote the killing of malignant cells. Indeed, there are now numerous examples of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that have either been approved by the FDA or that are under active investigation that make use of complement when eliminating cancer cells. Although the direct in vitro killing of mAb-opsonized cancer cell lines by complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) can be readily demonstrated, there are considerable challenges related to the translation of these findings to the clinic, and numerous strategies have been employed to maximize mAb-mediated CDC in cancer treatment. These approaches include the redesign of mAb dosing schedules; engineering the Fc regions of the mAbs to enhance complement activation; treatment with cocktails of mAbs that bind to several different sites on the targeted cells and thus that potentially synergize CDC promotion; and neutralizing the complement control proteins on malignant cells to weaken their defenses against complement. Target sites on malignant cells that have been successfully exploited for mAb-induced CDC include CD20, CD37, CD38, CD52, and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors. MAbs specific to complement components have served as powerful analytical reagents to investigate the detailed mechanisms of CDC, and they have been employed to document complement activation by cancer cells and to examine the role of complement proteins (in particular C1q and fragments of C3 and C5) in supporting tumor growth. The use of polyclonal and mAb reagents has revealed a role for the intracellular complement system in cancer biology and strategies that focus on the interaction of complement with the tumor microenvironment, and examining the impact of the complotype on the response to immunotherapy in cancer should lead to additional mAb-based therapies. Along these lines, there is now increasing evidence that strategies that make use of mAbs or other agents to modulate the action of C3a/C5a or their respective receptors may also find use in cancer immunotherapy
    Anmerkung: English
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  • 100
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    Basel : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    ISBN: 9783036528649 , 9783036528656
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (106 p.)
    Schlagwort(e): Research & information: general
    Kurzfassung: The use of nanomaterials in technologies for photovoltaic applications continues to represent an important area of research. There are numerous mechanisms by which the incorporation of nanomaterials can improve device performance. We invited authors to contribute articles covering the most recent progress and new developments in the design and utilization of nanomaterials for highly efficient, novel devices relevant to solar cell applications. This book covers a broad range of subjects, from nanomaterials synthesis to the design and characterization of photovoltaic devices and technologies with nanomaterial integration
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