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  • English  (80)
  • 1990-1994  (54)
  • 1980-1984  (26)
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (44)
  • Turner, Bryan S.
Material
Language
Years
Year
  • 1
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Routledge
    ISBN: 0415070368
    Language: English
    RVK:
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Staatsbürger ; Bürgerrecht
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  • 2
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Routledge
    ISBN: 0415069637 , 0415082641
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 280 S , graph. Darst , 23 cm
    Edition: Repr.
    DDC: 306.4/61
    RVK:
    Keywords: Körper ; Soziologie
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 3
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Sage Publ.
    ISBN: 080398569X , 0803985681
    Language: English
    Pages: XXIV, 264 S , graph. Darst.
    Edition: Repr. [from] 2. ed. 1991
    Series Statement: Theory, Culture and Society
    DDC: 306.6
    RVK:
    Keywords: Religionssoziologie
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  • 4
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Penguin Books
    ISBN: 0140512926
    Language: English
    Pages: XII, 510 S.
    Edition: 3. ed.
    Series Statement: Penguin reference
    DDC: 301.03
    RVK:
    Keywords: Soziologie ; Enzyklopädie ; Wörterbuch ; Wörterbuch
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  • 5
    ISBN: 0415108624
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 228 S. , graph. Darst.
    Edition: first publ.
    DDC: 306.6
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Sozialer Wandel ; Weltgesellschaft ; Islam ; Islam ; Weltgesellschaft ; Sozialer Wandel
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  • 6
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Sage
    ISBN: 0803985681 , 080398569X
    Language: English
    Pages: XXIV, 264 S.
    Edition: 2. ed., reprint.
    Series Statement: Theory, culture and society
    DDC: 306.6
    RVK:
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  • 7
    Book
    Book
    London ; New York : Routledge
    ISBN: 0415069637 , 0415082641
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 280 S. , Ill., graph. Darst.
    Edition: Reprint.
    DDC: 306.4/61 20
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesellschaft ; Body, Human -- Social aspects ; Social medicine ; Medizinsoziologie ; Philosophische Anthropologie ; Körper ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Körper ; Philosophische Anthropologie ; Körper ; Medizinsoziologie
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789264062436
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (238 p)
    Series Statement: Public Management Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Coopération en matière de réglementation dans un monde interdépendant
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This report examines the impact of policy interdependence on how governments regulate. It has two purposes. The first is to understand better the dynamics of thc emerging multi-governmental regulatory system, and the relationships, institutions, and processes that comprise its working parts. The second is to suggest practical approaches by which national governments can establish solid managerial and administrative foundations for regulatory co-operation, within thc constraints of democratic and open government. The chapters in the report are based on papers prepared for an OECD Symposium on ‘‘Managing Regulatory Relations Between Levels of Government” held in October 1993, and on discussions at the Symposium.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789264065048
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sources statistiques sur l'emploi dans le secteur public
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Public sector reform requires internationally comparable statistics. This report explores several important aspects of currently available statistical sources on public sector employment. It examines who is responsible for collection, data collection methods, and available statistical publications. It also assesses the degree of similarity of national statistical concepts of the government sector, of comparability of national statistics across countries, and of adherence to international standards.
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  • 10
    ISBN: 9789264063525
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: The Measurement of Scientific and Technological Activities
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: The Frascati Manual, issued in 1994, is the basic international source of methodology for collecting and using research and development statistics. This fifth edition reflects recent changes in the structure of national science and technology systems and revisions in standard international classifications.
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  • 11
    ISBN: 9789264065574
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: Analysts and policy makers have made increasing use of patent indicators to analyse the rate and direction of technological activity. The Patents Manual, issued in 1994, provides information on how patent data can be used as indicators, and also shows how these can be linked to other statistics on science, technology and economic activity (R&D, scientific publications, trade, production, etc.).
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  • 12
    Language: English
    Pages: 122 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.6
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The pricing structure for the provision if international telecommunication services has become a key issue for policy makers in recent years.
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  • 13
    Language: English
    Pages: 95 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Labour Market and Social Policy Occasional Papers no.13
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The objective of the Compendium of sources of earnings statistics is to provide a means of information for assessing earnings statistics’ comparability across OECD countries. However, the Compendium is also designed to be a source of information on any earnings-related matter, especially international studies of earnings. This note includes the following: i) a brief summary of the information contained in the Compendium, particularly on the types of sources available; ii) a general discussion about some of the aspects that should be taken into account when making comparisons of earnings statistics among the OECD member countries; iii) some concluding remarks. B. A Summary of the Compendium of Sources of Earnings Statistics 1. Background of the Compendium The compendium is the result of a joint effort by the Secretariat, Eurostat and OECD member countries. The paper version of the questionnaire was sent to each country in July 1990, and the electronic version in September 1990. After ...
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  • 14
    ISBN: 0415102456
    Language: English
    Pages: 451 S , Tab
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 1
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  • 15
    ISBN: 0415102464
    Language: English
    Pages: 482 S , Tab
    Angaben zur Quelle: Vol. 2
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 480 - 482
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  • 16
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Routledge
    ISBN: 0415108616 , 0415108624
    Language: English
    Pages: XII, 228 S.
    Edition: 1. publ.
    DDC: 306.6
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Sozialer Wandel ; Islam ; Weltgesellschaft ; Islam ; Weltgesellschaft ; Sozialer Wandel
    Note: Bibliography: p209-223. - Includes index
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  • 17
    ISBN: 0415070368
    Language: English
    RVK:
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Staatsbürger ; Bürgerrecht
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789264062450
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p)
    Series Statement: Public Management Occasional Papers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La détermination des rémunérations et les systèmes de rémunération dans la fonction publique des pays de l'OCDE ; n 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La détermination des rémunérations et les systèmes de rémunération dans la fonction publique des pays de l'OCDE : n 2
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This report maps the current state of public service pay determination and pay systems in OECD countries, and explores the different paths of reform that are being followed in different countries.
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9789264062498
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (64 p)
    Series Statement: Public Management Occasional Papers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La rémunération des hauts fonctionnaires ; Étude sur 11 pays de l'OCDE 1980/1991 n 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La rémunération des hauts fonctionnaires : Étude sur 11 pays de l'OCDE 1980/1991 n 4
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This study offers is a limited "snapshot" of basic pre-tax pay for senior civil servants. It does not cover other factors relating to total lifetime rewards, such as the rewards likely to be available on leaving public service employment; lifetime earnings in a career public service structure, and alternative employment opportunities in the public and private sector for senior public servants. For cross-national comparison, pay levels have been expressed in purchasing power parities in US dollar equivalents.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London [u.a.] : Routledge | Birmingham, AL, USA : EBSCO Industries, Inc.
    ISBN: 0203297849 , 9780203297841 , 0203427254 , 9780203427255 , 9780415108621 , 0415108624 , 9780415108614 , 0415108616 , 9786610156849 , 6610156840
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 228 pages) , Illustrations
    DDC: 306.6
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Islam ; Postmoderne ; Weltpolitik ; Naher Osten
    Abstract: This book represents a remarkable synthesis of recent discussion and debate regarding crucial aspects of postmodernization, religious change and the globalization of world society.
    Note: "Represents a ... recent discussion and debate regarding crucial aspects of cultural postmodernization, religious change, and the globalization of world society"--Page 4 of cover , Includes bibliographical references (pages 209-223) and index
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  • 21
    Book
    Book
    London [u. a.] : Sage
    ISBN: 0803983700 , 0803983719
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 184 S.
    Series Statement: Theory, culture & society
    DDC: 306.01
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Modernität ; Soziologische Theorie ; Postmoderne ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Postmoderne ; Soziologische Theorie ; Postmoderne ; Modernität
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  • 22
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Sage
    ISBN: 0803983700 , 0803983719
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 184 S.
    Edition: repr.
    Series Statement: Theory, culture & society
    DDC: 306.01
    RVK:
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Soziologische Theorie ; Modernität ; Postmoderne ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Postmoderne ; Soziologische Theorie ; Postmoderne ; Modernität
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  • 23
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Sage
    ISBN: 0803983719 , 0803983700
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 184 S
    Edition: Reprinted
    Series Statement: Theory, culture & society
    DDC: 306/.01
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Postmoderne ; Soziologische Theorie ; Modernität ; Soziologische Theorie
    Note: Includes bibliography and index
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London : Routledge
    ISBN: 0203163842
    Language: English
    Pages: x, 272 p , 23 cm
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2009 Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Parallel Title: Print version Max Weber : From History to Modernity
    DDC: 301.092
    Keywords: Weber, Max ; Sociology History ; Germany ; Sociology History ; Civilization, Modern ; Social Sciences ; Electronic books ; Weber, Max 1864-1920 ; Soziologie
    Abstract: This authoritative collection of essays examines Weber's contribution to the contemporary debate about modernity and postmodernity
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [242]-263) and indexes , Electronic reproduction, Boulder, Colo : NetLibrary, 2002 , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264062412
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (234 p)
    Series Statement: Public Management Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Flexibilité des rémunérations dans le secteur public
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This volume, based on the proceedings of a symposium held at the OECD, provides a wide ranging analysis of what pay flexibility actually implies, how it is developing in different countries and different parts of the public sector, and what it is achieving. Bringing together contributions from public sector practitioners and from specialists in pay and industrial relations, the volume seeks to draw lessons from experience that will help to guide future developments in this important and sensitive area of public policy.
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  • 26
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Sage
    ISBN: 0803983719 , 0803983700
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 184 S.
    Edition: Reprint.
    Series Statement: Theory, culture & society
    DDC: 306/.01
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Modernität ; Postmoderne ; Soziologische Theorie ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Modernität ; Postmoderne ; Soziologische Theorie
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London : Routledge
    ISBN: 9780415093811
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (142 p.)
    Edition: 2nd ed
    Parallel Title: Print version Max Weber and Karl Marx
    DDC: 301.092
    Keywords: Electronic books ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This is a key text in modern interpretations of alienation in Marxist theory and rationalization in Weber's sociology. It remains the best student introduction to the differences and comparisons between these two essential thinkers
    Description / Table of Contents: Book Cover; Title; Contents; Preface to the new edition; Note on the translation; Introduction to the translation; Introduction; Weber's interpretation of the bourgeois-capitalist world in terms of 'rationalisation'; Marx's interpretation of the bourgeois-capitalist world in terms of human 'self-alienation'; Weber's critique of the materialist conception of history; Bibliography; Index;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 28
    ISBN: 9789264031036
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p)
    Series Statement: Public Management Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les traitements du privé pour le public ; Rémunération liée à la performance pour les cadres de la fonction publique
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les traitements du privé pour le public : Rémunération liée à la performance pour les cadres de la fonction publique
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This publication reviews performance pay schemes covering middle management and senior management levels in departments and agencies of central government and also looks at, on a selective basis, schemes for managers in other parts of the public sector. The objectives of the study were to investigate why performance-related pay schemes are being introduced at management levels in the public sector, to examine how these schemes operate, to assess whether the schemes are meeting their stated objectives, and tosee whether and under what conditions performance pay can operate successfully in public sector settings.
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  • 29
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Routledge
    ISBN: 0415103878
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 272 S.
    DDC: 301.01
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Weber, Max ; Moderne ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 242 - 263
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  • 30
    Book
    Book
    Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
    ISBN: 9264137688
    Language: English
    Pages: 77 S. : graph. Darst
    Series Statement: Information computer communications policy 30
    Series Statement: Information, computer, communications policy
    DDC: 303.4833
    Keywords: Informationstechnik ; IKT-Politik ; OECD-Staaten ; Information technology ; Economic aspects ; Information networks ; Computer networks ; Information technology ; Government policy ; Telecommunication policy ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Buch
    Note: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T.: Kimbel, Dieter: Réseaux d'information et nouvelles technologies
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London : Routledge
    ISBN: 9780415075534
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (262 p.)
    Edition: 2nd ed
    Series Statement: Routledge sociology classics
    Parallel Title: Print version Essays on the Sociology of Culture
    DDC: 306
    Keywords: Electronic books
    Abstract: Karl Mannheim, in this book originally published in 1956, sets out his ideas of intellectuals as producers of culture
    Description / Table of Contents: Book Cover; Title; Contents; Introduction; First Approach to the Subject; The False and the Proper Concepts of History and Society; The Proper and Improper Concept of the Mind; An Outline of the Sociology of the Mind; Recapitulation: the Sociology of the Mind as an Area of Inquiry; Some Problems of Political Democracy at the Stage of its Full Development; The Problem of Democratization as a General Cultural Phenomenon; INDEX;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 32
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Routledge
    ISBN: 0415069637 , 0415082641
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 280 S.
    DDC: 306.461
    RVK:
    Keywords: Körper ; Soziologie ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9789264070103
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (18 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 210; Poisson, essai de toxicité aux premiers stades de la vie
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 210: Poisson, essai de toxicité aux premiers stades de la vie
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The test method described in this Test Guideline, is intended to define the lethal and sub-lethal effects of chemicals on the early life stages of the species tested. The early-life stages of fish are exposed to ,at least, five concentrations of the test substance dissolved in water, preferably under flow-through conditions, or where appropriate, semi-static conditions. The test starts with placing fertilised eggs (at least 60) in the test chambers and continues at least until all the control fishes are free-feeding. Lethal and sub-lethal effects are assessed and compared with control values to determine the lowest observed effect concentration and the no observed effect concentration. The study report should include measurement of the concentrations of the test substance in water at regular intervals (five at least), the dissolved oxygen, pH, total hardness and salinity, fish weight and length, as well as the observations of abnormal appearance, abnormal behaviour, hatching and survival.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264070660
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (9 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 406; Sensibilisation de la peau
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 406: Sensibilisation de la peau
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This method provides information on health hazard likely to arise from exposure to test substance via intradermical injection and/or epidermical application. In this Test Guideline, the methods preferred over other are: the Guinea Pig Maximisation Test (GPMT) of Magnusson and Kligman which uses adjuvant and the non adjuvant Buehler Test. This Test Guideline is intended primarily for use with guinea pig, but recently mouse models for assessing sensitisation potential have been developed. For the GPMT at least 10 animals in the treatment group and 5 in the control group are used. For the Buehler test, a minimum of 20 animals is used in the treatment group and at least 10 animals in the control group. The test animals are initially exposed to the test substance. Following a rest period, the induction period (10-14 days), during which an immune response may develop, then the animals are exposed to a challenge dose. The GPMT is made during approximately 23-25 days, the Buehler test, during approximately 30-32 days. The concentration of test substance used for each induction exposure should be well-tolerated systemically and should be the highest to cause mild-to moderate skin irritation, for the challenge exposure the highest nonirritant dose should be used. All skin reactions and any unusual findings should be observed and recorded (other procedures may be carried out to clarify doubtful reactions).
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  • 35
    Language: English
    Pages: 295 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.5
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: From a technical perspective, the convergence between telecommunications and broadcasting now appears to be inevitable as both industries move towards digital standards.
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789264069961
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (10 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 203; Poisson, essai de toxicité aigue͏̈
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 203: Poisson, essai de toxicité aigue͏̈
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The fish are exposed to the test substance preferably for a period of 96 hours. Mortalities are recorded at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours and the concentrations which kill 50 per cent of the fish (LC50) are determined where possible. One or more species may be used, the choice being at the discretion of the testing laboratory. At least seven fishes must be used at each test concentration and in the controls. The test substance should be administered to, at least, five concentrations in a geometric series with a factor preferably not exceeding 2.2. The limit test corresponds to one dose level of 100 mg/L. This study includes the observations of fish at least after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The cumulative percentage mortality for each exposure period is plotted against concentration on logarithmic probability paper.
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  • 37
    ISBN: 9789264070486
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (27 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 306; Biodégradabilité dans l'eau de mer
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 306: Biodégradabilité dans l'eau de mer
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes two methods for biodegradability in seawater. The shake flask method consists on dissolution of a pre-determined amount of the test substance in the test medium to yield a concentration of 5-40 mg/l dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Five flasks, at least, should be used: two for the test suspension, two for the blank and one for procedure control. The solution of the test substance in the test medium is incubated, under agitation in the dark or in diffuse light under aerobic conditions, at a fixed temperature which will normally be within the range 15-20°C. The recommended maximum test duration is about 60 days. Degradation is followed by DOC measurements (ultimate degradation) and, in some cases, by specific analysis (primary degradation). The closed bottle method consists on dissolution of a pre-determined amount of the test substance in the test medium in a concentration of usually 2-10 mg/l (one or more concentrations may be used).The solution is kept in a filled closed bottle in the dark in a constant temperature bath or enclosure controlled within a range of 15-20°C. The degradation is followed by oxygen analyses over a 28-day period but if the blank biological oxygen demand value remains within the 30 per cent limit, the test could be prolonged. Twenty-four bottles at least are used (8 for test substance, 8 for reference compound and 8 for sweater plus nutriment). All analyses are performed on duplicate bottles. Four determinations of dissolved oxygen, at least, are performed (day 0, 5, 15 and 28) using a chemical or electrochemical method.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264070349
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (62 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 301; Biodégradabilité Facile
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 301: Biodégradabilité Facile
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes six methods that permit the screening of chemicals for ready biodegradability in an aerobic aqueous medium. The methods are: the DOC Die-Away, the CO2 Evolution (Modified Sturm Test), the MITI (I) (Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Japan), the Closed Bottle, the Modified OECD Screening and the Manometric Respirometry. A solution, or suspension, of the test substance, well determined/described, in a mineral medium is inoculated and incubated under aerobic conditions in the dark or in diffuse light. The running parallel blanks with inoculum but without test substance permits to determined the endogenous activity of the inoculum. A reference compound (aniline, sodium acetate or sodium benzoate) is run in parallel to check the operation of the procedures. Normally, the test lasts for 28 days. At least two flasks or vessels containing the test substance plus inoculum, and at least two flasks or vessels containing inoculum only should be used; single vessels are sufficient for the reference compound. In general, degradation is followed by the determination of parameters such as DOC, CO2 production and oxygen uptake. The pass levels for ready biodegradability are 70% removal of DOC and 60% of ThOD or ThCO2 production for respirometric methods. These pass values have to be reached in a 10-d window within the 28-d period of the test.
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9789264070387
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 302B; Biodégradabilité dite intrinsèque; Essai Zahn-Wellens/EMPA
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 302B: Biodégradabilité dite intrinsèque: Essai Zahn-Wellens/EMPA
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes the Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test. It is used to determine inherent biodegradability. A mixture containing the non-volatile and water soluble test substance, mineral nutrients and a relatively large amount of activated sludge in aqueous medium is agitated and aerated at 20-25°C in the dark or in diffuse light, for up to 28 days. Blank controls, containing activated sludge and mineral nutrients but no test substance, are run in parallel. The functional capability of the activated sludge is tested using a reference compound (ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, lauryl sulfonate or aniline). In a typical run 1 or 2 vessels for the test suspension and for the inoculum blank, 1 for procedure control are used. The biodegradation process is monitored by determination of DOC, Dissolved Organic Carbon, (or COD, Chemical Oxygen Demand) in filtered samples, taken at daily or other time intervals. It is mandatory to follow DOC in the test suspension and inoculum blanks in parallel. The ratio of eliminated DOC (or COD), corrected for the blank, after each time interval, to the initial DOC value is expressed as the percentage biodegradation at the sampling time. The percentage biodegradation is plotted against time to give the biodegradation curve. The test is considered valid if the procedural control shows the removal of the reference compound by at least 70% within 14d and if DOC (or COD) in the test suspension is removed relatively gradually over days or weeks, since this indicates biodegradation.
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  • 40
    ISBN: 0803983719 , 0803983700
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 184 S
    Edition: Reprinted
    Series Statement: Theory, culture & society
    Keywords: Postmodernism Social aspects ; Sociology Philosophy ; Civilization, Modern 20th century
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London, England : Routledge
    ISBN: 0203214188 , 9780203214183
    Language: English
    Pages: Online Ressource (viii, 280 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Print version Regulating bodies
    DDC: 306.461
    Keywords: Human body Social aspects ; Social medicine ; Human body Social aspects ; Social medicine ; Human body Social aspects ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Anthropology ; Cultural ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Public Policy ; Cultural Policy ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Popular Culture ; Human body ; Social aspects ; Social medicine ; Menselijk lichaam ; Medische sociologie ; Electronic books ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Bryan Turner is generally acknowledged to have been the key figure in opening up the sociological debate about the body. In this coruscating and fascinating book he shows how his thinking on the subject has developed and why sociologists must take the body seriously. Bryan Turner is generally acknowledged to have been the key figure in opening up the sociological debate about the body. In this coruscating and fascinating book he shows how his thinking on the subject has developed and why sociologists must take the body seriously
    Abstract: Bryan Turner is the key figure in the sociological debate about the body. In this stimulating book he shows how his thinking on the subject has developed and why sociologists must take the body seriously
    Abstract: pt. 1. Discovering bodies -- pt. 2. Medical sociology -- pt. 3. Regimes of regulation.
    Description / Table of Contents: Pt. 1. Discovering bodiespt. 2. Medical sociology -- pt. 3. Regimes of regulation.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes. - Print version record
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  • 42
    Book
    Book
    London : Routledge
    ISBN: 0415060559
    Language: English
    Pages: LXII, 575 S , 23 cm
    Edition: 2. ed.
    Series Statement: Routledge sociology classics
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Social systems ; Sociology ; Gesellschaftsordnung ; Soziales System
    Note: "Bibliography of Talcott Parsons": p. xlvi-lxii , Previous ed.: 1952. - Includes bibliography and index
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  • 43
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Sage
    ISBN: 0803983719 , 0803983700
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 184 S , 8°
    Edition: Reprinted
    Series Statement: Theory, culture and society
    DDC: 306
    RVK:
    Keywords: Sozialstruktur ; Theorie des sozialen Wandels ; Soziologische Theorie ; Sozialer Wert ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Postmoderne ; Modernität
    Note: Includes bibliography and index
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264164444
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (153 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE ; République fédérative tchèque et slovaque 1991
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Études économiques de l'OCDE : République fédérative tchèque et slovaque 1991
    Keywords: Economics ; Slovak Republic
    Abstract: OECD's 1991 Economic Survey of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic examines historical background and conditions at the start of reform, macroeconomic developments and policies, structural reform, integration into the world economy and financial markets.
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  • 45
    Language: English
    Pages: 199 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.4
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: This report examines two issues at the centre of the debate concerning the restructuring of telecommunications services.
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  • 46
    Language: English
    Pages: 83 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.3
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: The regulatory and institutional framework of the world's telecommunications markets has changed radically over the past decade.
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  • 47
    Book
    Book
    Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
    ISBN: 9264134565
    Language: English
    Pages: 92 S
    DDC: 306.4/5
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Kernenergie ; Strahlenbelastung ; Kernkraftwerk ; Nukleare Entsorgung ; Öffentlichkeitsarbeit ; Kernenergiewirtschaft ; Öffentlichkeitsarbeit ; Television broadcasting of news ; Influence ; Nuclear energy on television ; Nuclear warfare on television ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Kernenergie ; Öffentlichkeitsarbeit ; Kernenergiepolitik ; Information
    Note: Auch als: Énergie nucléaire
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London : SAGE Publications
    ISBN: 0585381577 , 9780585381572
    Language: English
    Pages: Online Ressource (vi, 408 p.) , ill.
    Edition: Online-Ausg.
    Series Statement: Theory, culture & society
    Parallel Title: Print version Body
    DDC: 306.4
    Keywords: Human body Social aspects ; Human body Social aspects ; Human body Social aspects ; Anthropology ; Body Image ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Popular Culture ; Human body ; Social aspects ; SOCIAL SCIENCE ; Anthropology ; Cultural ; POLITICAL SCIENCE ; Public Policy ; Cultural Policy ; Körper ; Soziologie ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Kulturanthropologie ; Menselijk lichaam ; Culturele aspecten ; Sociale processen ; Lichamelijkheid ; Sociologie du corps ; Mann ; Electronic books ; Electronic books ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Exploring the origins of a social theory of the body, the theoretical understanding of the body to social and cultural analysis of contemporary societies is demonstrated in this book through specific case studies. This text continues the arguments of Turner in his book 'The Body and Society'
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index. - Description based on print version record
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  • 49
  • 50
    Language: English
    Pages: 62 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Economy Papers no.2
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Negotiations on trade in services are a key issue in the context of the multilateral trade negotiations of the Uruguay Round.
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  • 51
    ISBN: 9789264065567
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics
    Abstract: The TBP Manual, issued in 1990, serves as a standard method for surveys and data collection for trade in disembodied technology between countries which continue to be difficult to compare because of differences in coverage and in the grouping of categories of data. It also makes a contribution to the methodological work forming part of the indicators framework of the Technology-Economy Programme (TEP).
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  • 52
    Language: English
    Pages: 152 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department Working Papers no.72
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: This paper examines the role of structural indicators in the process of multilateral surveillance of structural policies. An analytical framework is suggested that is based on welfare economics and which focuses on efficiency considerations. Potential indicators are examined for six areas -- taxation, trade, industry, agriculture, labour markets and financial markets. These case studies allow a series of lessons to be drawn concerning the use of structural indicators ...
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789264065024
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (100 p)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Flexibilité dans la gestion du personnel de l'administration publique
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This set of papers examines innovative developments in the managementofhuman resources in the public service, and analyses trends and issues in current personnel policies.
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  • 54
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Sage Publ.
    ISBN: 0803983700 , 0803983719
    Language: English
    Pages: VIII, 184 S.
    Series Statement: Theory, culture & society
    DDC: 306.01
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Modernität ; Soziologische Theorie ; Postmoderne ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung
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  • 55
    ISBN: 0435828932 , 0391030558
    Language: English
    Pages: 229 S.
    DDC: 303.40956
    RVK:
    Keywords: Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Sozialer Wandel ; Naher Osten
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  • 56
    Book
    Book
    Oxford u.a. : Basil Blackwell
    ISBN: 0631126236
    Language: English
    Pages: 272 Seiten
    Edition: First published
    DDC: 301
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Corps humain - Aspect social ; Cuerpo humano - Aspectos sociales ; Menselijk lichaam ; Sociale aspecten ; Sociologie ; Sociologie du corps ; Gesellschaft ; Soziologie ; Human body Social aspects ; Soziales System ; Körper ; Sozialer Wandel ; Soziologie ; Leiblichkeit ; Soziologische Theorie ; Körper ; Soziologie ; Soziales System ; Körper ; Soziologische Theorie ; Körper ; Sozialer Wandel ; Leiblichkeit ; Soziologische Theorie ; Leiblichkeit ; Soziologie
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  • 57
    ISBN: 9789264070042
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (9 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 207; Ver de terre, essais de toxicité aigue͏̈
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 207: Ver de terre, essais de toxicité aigue͏̈
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline includes two methods: a paper contact toxicity test and an artificial soil test. The recommended specie is Eisenia foetida (Michaelsen). The initial screening test (filter paper contact test) involves exposing earthworms to test substances on moist filter paper in order to identify potentially toxic chemicals to earthworms in soil. Five or more treatment levels in a geometric series and, at least, ten replicates (one worm per vial) for each treatment should be used. Tests are done in the dark and for a period of 48 hours. The artificial soil test gives toxicity data more representative of natural exposure of earthworms to chemicals. It involves keeping earthworms in samples of a precisely defined artificial soil. Five concentrations, in a geometric series, of the test substance have been applied. One concentration resulting in no mortality and one resulting in total mortality should be used. Four replicates for each treatment are recommended. Mortality is assessed 7 and 14 days after application.
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9789264069985
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (9 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 204; Poisson, toxicité prolongée étude sur 14 jours
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 204: Poisson, toxicité prolongée étude sur 14 jours
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Following the OECD Council decision, the Test Guideline 204 ‘Fish, Prolonged Toxicity Test: 14-Day Study’ was deleted on 2nd April 2014.
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789264071360
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 478; Toxicologie génétique; Essai de mutation létale dominante chez le rongeur
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 478: Toxicologie génétique: Essai de mutation létale dominante chez le rongeur
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Dominant lethal (DL) effects cause embryonic or foetal death. Induction of a dominant lethal event after exposure to a test substance (liquid, solid, vapour or gas, …) indicates that the substance has affected germinal tissue of the test species. Dominant lethals are generally accepted to be the result of chromosomal aberrations (structural and numerical anomalies), but gene mutations and toxic effects cannot be excluded. This Test Guideline recommends rats or mice as the test species. Generally, male animals are exposed to the test substance and mated to untreated virgin females. The most widely used is the single administration of the test substance by oral or by intraperitoneal injection. Normally, three dose levels should be used. The various germ cell stages can be tested separately by the use of sequential mating intervals. The females are sacrificed after an appropriate period of time, and the contents of the uteri are examined to determine the numbers of implants and live and dead embryos. The calculation of the dominant lethal effect is based on comparison of the live implants per female in the treated group to the live implants per female in the control group.
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9789264070004
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (10 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 205; Oiseaux, essai de toxicité liée au régime alimentaire
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 205: Oiseaux, essai de toxicité liée au régime alimentaire
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The purpose of this Test Guideline is to determine the effects of a substance administered with food to birds. Birds are fed a diet containing the test substance at a range of concentrations for a period of five days. Two control groups and one treatment group for each of the, at least, five dietary levels of the test substance should be used. Each group consists of 10 birds. The minimum duration of the test is eight days: five days on the test diet followed by a minimum of three days on normal diet. Suitable facilities for holding birds indoors are necessary. These include mechanisms for temperature, humidity and light control as required, as well as pens of suitable capacity for rearing the birds. Mortalities and signs of toxicity are recorded daily. The following observations should be made during the test: signs of intoxication and other abnormal behaviour; mortality; body weights; food consumption.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789264071346
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 477; Toxicologie génétique; Essai de mutation létale récessive liée au sexe chez Drosophila melanogaster
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 477: Toxicologie génétique: Essai de mutation létale récessive liée au sexe chez Drosophila melanogaster
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Following the OECD Council decision, the Test Guideline 477 ‘Genetic Toxicology: Sex-Linked Recessive Lethal Test in Drosophila melanogaster’ was deleted on 2nd April 2014.
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264070028
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (12 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 206; Oiseaux, essai de reproduction
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 206: Oiseaux, essai de reproduction
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The purpose of this Test Guideline is to determine the effects on the reproduction of a substance administered with food to birds.Birds are fed a diet containing the test substance in various concentrations for a period of not less than 20 weeks. A minimum of three dietary concentrations of the test substance is required. The maximum recommended test concentration is 1000 ppm. Birds may be kept in pens as pairs (at least 12 pens per test group) or as groups of one male and two or three females (at least 8-12 pens per group). Birds are induced, by photoperiod manipulation, to lay eggs. Eggs are collected over a ten-week period, artificially incubated and hatched, and the young maintained for 14 days. Suitable facilities for rearing birds, preferably indoors, are necessary. Mortality of adults, egg production, cracked eggs, egg shell thickness (at least two eggs from each pen), viability, hatchability and effects on young birds are observed during the study.
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  • 63
    ISBN: 0631126236
    Language: English
    Pages: 272 S.
    DDC: 304
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Human body Social aspects ; Individuum und Gesellschaft ; Soziales System ; Medizin ; Religionssoziologie ; Wissenssoziologie ; Anthropologie ; Soziologie ; Soziobiologie ; Medizinsoziologie
    Note: Literaturverz. S. [252] - 266
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  • 64
    Book
    Book
    London : Heinemann | New Jersey, NJ : Humanities Press
    ISBN: 0435828940 , 0435828959 , 0391029762 , 0391029770
    Language: English
    Pages: 264 p.
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Christiano, Kevin J. Religion and the People of Western Europe, 1789–1970, by Hugh McLeod. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1981, vii. + 169 pp. 15.95 Cloth; 6.95 Paper 1984
    DDC: 306.6
    Keywords: Religionssoziologie ; Religion and sociology ; Religion and politics
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. [247]-260) and index
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  • 65
    ISBN: 9789264070844
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 415; Étude de toxicité pour la reproduction sur une génération
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 415: Étude de toxicité pour la reproduction sur une génération
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline for reproduction testing is designed to provide general information concerning the effects of a test substance (Solid, liquid, gas or vapour) on male and female reproductive performance. The test substance is administered orally in graduated doses to several groups of males and females. Males should be dosed during growth and for at least one complete spermatogenic cycle; females of the Parent generation should be dosed for at least two complete oestrous cycles. The animals are then mated. The test substance is administered to both sexes during the mating period and thereafter only to females during pregnancy and for the duration of the nursing period. This Test Guideline is intended primarily for use with the rat or mouse. Each test and control group should contain a sufficient number of animals to yield about 20 pregnant females at or near term. Three test groups, at least, should be used. It is recommended that the test substance be administered in the diet or drinking water. A limit test may be performed if no effects would be expected at a dose of 1000 mg/kg bw/d. The results of this study include measurements (weighing, food consumption) and daily and detailed observations, each day preferably at the same time, as well as gross necropsy and histopathology. The findings of a reproduction toxicity study should be evaluated in terms of the observed effects, necropsy and microscopic findings. A properly conducted reproduction test should provide a satisfactory estimation of a no-effect level and an understanding of adverse effects on reproduction, parturition, lactation and postnatal growth.
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  • 66
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Routledge & Kegan Paul
    Language: English
    Pages: 200 S.
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Gannon, Thomas M. Confession: Studies in Deviance and Religion, by Mike Hepworth and Bryan S. Turner. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1982, 200 pp. 19.95 1983
    DDC: 302.5/42
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Abweichendes Verhalten ; Glaubensbekenntnis ; Recht ; Glaube ; Kriminalität
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  • 67
    Book
    Book
    London [u.a.] : Routledge & Paul
    ISBN: 0710091982
    Language: English
    Pages: 200 S
    DDC: 302.542
    RVK:
    RVK:
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9789264069749
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (9 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 113; Essai de sélection pour la stabilité thermique et la stabilité dans l'air
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 113: Essai de sélection pour la stabilité thermique et la stabilité dans l'air
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes methods for determining storage stability of a substance with respect to heat and air. Two methods are applicable to homogeneous solid and liquid substances and to mixtures of these: the accelerated storage test and the thermal analysis methods.In the accelerated storage test (CIPAC), a long duration storage instability can be simulated by applying a higher temperature during a short test. This test calls for the controlled storage at 54°C to 55°C for 14 days and subsequent analysis. In simple cases, it will be enough to determine a characteristic property before and after storage. The substance is considered to be stable at room temperature if the melting point has remained constant or the content of original substance as determined by analysis has decreased by not more than 5 per cent. In the thermal analysis methods (TGA and DTA), the sample and the standard reference material are heated up to the final temperature at a constant rate in a defined test atmosphere, either separately in a TGA or DTA apparatus, or in a combined system. The weight change of the sample or the quantities of heat absorbed or given off are measured and recorded. The substance is considered to be stable at room temperature if no decomposition or chemical transformation is found below 150°.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264069763
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 114; Viscosité des liquides
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 114: Viscosité des liquides
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes methods to measure the viscosity of liquids. The methods listed are appropriate in principle for the investigation of Newtonian liquids. The measurement of non-Newtonian liquids is only possible with the rotational viscometer. Viscosity measurements are carried out predominantly according to five methods: the capillary viscometer, the flow cup, the rotational viscometer, the rolling ball viscometer and the drawing ball viscometer. Each determination of viscosity should preferably be made at a temperature of 20°C and at one other temperature approximately 20°C higher. At least two determinations should be made at each temperature. The evaluation of the viscosity measurement is to be carried out according to the standards in the case of capillary and forced ball viscometers. In the case of rotational viscometers, the specification of a viscosity is appropriate only for Newtonian fluids. For non- Newtonian fluids the results obtained are preferred in the form of flow curves which must be interpreted, assuming the validity of various laws of flow.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789264070363
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 302A; Biodégradabilité dite intrinsèque; Méthode SCAS modifiée
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 302A: Biodégradabilité dite intrinsèque: Méthode SCAS modifiée
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes a method which is an adaptation of the Soap and Detergent Association semi-continuous activated sludge (SCAS) procedure for assessing the primary biodegradation of alkyl benzene sulphonate. The test does not simulate those conditions experienced in a sewage treatment plant. Activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant is placed in an aeration (SCAS) unit. The test compound (non-volatile, water soluble, organic, non-inhibitoring to bacteria at the test concentration) and settled domestic sewage are added, and the mixture is aerated for 23 hours. The aeration is then stopped, the sludge allowed to settle and the supernatant liquor is removed. The sludge remaining in the aeration chamber is then mixed with a further aliquot of test compound and sewage and the cycle is repeated. The above fill and draw procedure is repeated daily throughout the test. A high concentration of aerobic micro-organisms is used. The length of the test for compounds showing little or no biodegradation is indeterminate, but experience suggests that this should be at least 12 weeks. Biodegradation is established by determination of the dissolved organic carbon content of the supernatant liquor. This value is compared with that found for the liquor obtained from a control tube dosed with settled sewage only.
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9789264069688
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (13 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 110; Distribution de la Taille des Particules/ Distributions de la Longueur et du Diamètre des Fibres
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 110: Distribution de la Taille des Particules/ Distributions de la Longueur et du Diamètre des Fibres
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes two methods. These tests are applicable only to water insoluble (solubility 〈 10-6 g/1) substances. The first method described (Method A) is designed to provide information on the transportation and sedimentation of insoluble particles in water and air. There are several standard methods available which meet the sensitivity requirements: the sedimentation, the centrifugation or the coulter counter. The sample should be subjected to a simple light microscopic examination to determine the approximate nature of the particles. Data are obtained for a 3 size ranges ›200µm, ‹2 µm and the region 2to 200µm. Method A, which determines the effective hydrodynamic radius, Rs (only in the range 2 μm 〈 Rs 〈 100 μm), can be used for both fibrous and non-fibrous particulates. The Method B is used in the special case of materials which can form fibres, it is comparatively specialised, infrequently required and involves microscopic examination. Scanning (SEM) or transmission (TEM) electron microscopy are required. There is no standard procedure at present. The full length (l) and diameter (d) data are needed on fibre of dimensions d≥ 0.1µm and l≥ 5µm. Two histograms should be prepared based on examination of at least 50 fibres each.
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  • 72
    ISBN: 9789264069503
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (6 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 101; Spectres d'Absorption UV-VIS
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 101: Spectres d'Absorption UV-VIS
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes the determining of the ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption spectrum of a chemical compound to have some indication of the wavelengths at which the compounds may be susceptible to photochemical degradation. Degradation will depend upon the total energy absorbed in specific wavelength regions. The absence of measurable absorption does not preclude the possibility of photodegradation. This method utilises a double-beam spectrophotometer which records only the absorption differences between the blank (the solvent and all present chemical species other than the test chemical) and test solutions to give the spectrum of the chemical being tested. The test should be carried out at 25°C. The test solutions should be made up in a concentration which will result in at least one absorbance maximum in the range 0.5 to 1.5 units.
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9789264070769
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (9 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 411; Toxicité cutanée subchronique; 90 jours
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 411: Toxicité cutanée subchronique: 90 jours
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This study relates to the analysis, via dermal application, of the health hazards of solid or liquid test substance. It may be carried out after initial information obtained by acute testing. This method is composed of the main test and the limit test. This Test Guideline is intended for use with the adult rat, rabbit or guinea pig. At least 20 animals (10 female and 10 male) with healthy skin should be used at each dose level (at least three). The highest dose level should result in toxic effects but not produce an incidence of fatalities. The limit test corresponds to one dose level of at least 1000 mg/kg body weight. The method is based on the repeated application of the substance of interest during one limited period (several hours daily during 90 days). The test substance should be applied over not less than 10 per cent of the body surface area. The results of this study include: measurements and daily and detailed observations (ophthalmological examination, haematology, clinical biochemistry and urinalysis), as well as gross necropsy and histopathology. A properly conducted subchronic test should provide a satisfactory estimation of a non effect level.
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  • 74
    ISBN: 9789264069725
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 112; Constante de dissociation dans l'eau
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 112: Constante de dissociation dans l'eau
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes the methods allowing the determination of the dissociation constants in water. The dissociation is the reversible splitting into two or more chemical species which may be ionic. The determination of the dissociation constant requires a measure of the concentrations of the dissociated and undissociated forms of the chemical substance. From a knowledge of the stoichiometry of the dissociation reaction the appropriate constant can be determined. In the particular case described in this Guideline the substance is behaving as an acid or a base, and the determination is most conveniently done by determining the relative concentrations of ionised and unionised forms of the substance and the pH of the solution. The relationship between these terms is given in the equation for pKa. Some compounds exhibit more than one dissociation constant. Some of the methods described are also suitable for non-acid/base dissociation. There are two basic approaches to the determination of pKa. One involves titrating a known amount of substance with standard acid or base, as appropriate; the other involves determining the relative concentrations of the ionised and unionised forms and their pH dependence. Methods based on those principles may be classified as titration, spectrophotometric and conductometric procedures.
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789264069640
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 108; Capacité à former des complexes dans l'eau
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 108: Capacité à former des complexes dans l'eau
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes the polarographic method. The ability of a substance to form complexes with metals can be assessed by means of polarographic techniques which allow the determination of stability constants for some complexes. The polarographic method can be applied to substances with a water solubility greater than 10-5 M. This method is based on the fact that the reduction potentials of metal ions are shifted, usually to more negative values, as a result of complex formation. A minimum of four known concentrations of the chemical being tested should be investigated with a known concentration of metal ions. The chemical being tested should normally be present in at least a 25-fold excess over the metal ion concentrations. The current should be measured at applied potentials in the range - 0.2 V to -1.0 V. In order to detect complexes which form slowly, it is necessary to allow the solutions to stand under a nitrogen atmosphere for a minimum period of 24 hours. If the results are not significant, it is necessary to use methods based on different physicochemical principles, such as spectrophotometry or nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789264069800
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (7 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 116; Liposolubilité des substances solides et liquides
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 116: Liposolubilité des substances solides et liquides
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This Test Guideline describes a method to determine the fat solubility of solid and liquid substances. The fat solubility of a substance is one of the data for evaluating the storage of lipid soluble materials in biological tissue. This test method can only be applied to pure substances, non-reactive with triglyceride, which are stable at 50°C for at least 24 hours and which also are not appreciably volatile under the same conditions. The substance is dissolved in a liquid "standard fat" by stirring, and the saturation mass fraction of the substance is achieved by continued addition until a constant value for the mass fraction dependent variable is achieved as determined by a suitable analytical method.The methods use eight samples; each should be twice the quantity necessary for saturation as determined in the preliminary test. After adding a weighed amount of approximately 25 g of liquified and mixed standard fat, four flasks are stirred at 30°C (group I) and the other four at approximately 50°C (group II), each for at least one hour. All the flasks are stirred at 37°C, for liquids during 3 hours for two flasks of each group and for at least 24 hours for the last two flasks. At the end a sample is taken, weighed and the mass fraction is determined with different methods (photometric methods, gas chromatography, and extraction).
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9789264070448
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (11 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 304A; Biodégradabilité intrinsèque dans le sol
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 304A: Biodégradabilité intrinsèque dans le sol
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: The method described in this Test Guideline is designed for the evaluation of the mineralisation rate of a 14C-labelled compound in soil. The method is applicable to volatile or non-volatile, soluble or insoluble compounds which are not inhibitory to micro-organisms. The basic test consists on the treatment of a small sample of soil (50g) with the 14C-labelled test chemical (100µl) in a biometer flask apparatus. The soil and the radioactive test solution are mixed. In addition, an equivalent volume of test solution is placed in a 100 ml volumetric flask for direct determination of the added radioactivity. The biometer flask is closed with a stopper through which an Ascarite filter is inserted. The unit is charged by injecting 10 ml of alkali solution into the side tube. Experiment duration times of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and - if necessary - 64 days should be chosen for measurement. The test requires parallel determinations. The method can included optional experiments: for chemicals of a vapour pressure higher than 0.0133 Pa and for relatively persistent chemicals. Release of 14CO2 from the test chemical is measured by means of alkali absorption and liquid scintillation counting. The 14CO2 radioactivity recovered is plotted versus time. Incubation time is sufficient when a total of 50 per cent CO2 expressed as 14C originally applied can be measured. Incubation should be stopped after reaching 64 days, whether or not this value is obtained.
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  • 78
    ISBN: 9789264070745
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (8 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 410; Toxicité cutanée à doses répétées; 21/28 jours
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Essai n 410: Toxicité cutanée à doses répétées: 21/28 jours
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This study relates to the analysis, via dermal application, of the health hazard of solid or liquid test substance. This method is composed of two tests: the main test and the limit test. This Test Guideline is intended for use with the adult rat, rabbit or guinea pig. At least 10 animals (5 female and 5 male) with healthy skin should be used at each dose level (at least three). The highest dose level should result in toxic effects but not produce an incidence of fatalities. The limit test corresponds to one dose level of at least 1000 mg/kg body weight. The method is based on the repeated application of the substance of interest during one limited period (several hours daily during 21/28 days). The test substance should be applied over not less than 10 per cent of the body surface area. The results of this study include: measurements and daily and detailed observations (haematology, clinical biochemistry and urinalysis), as well as gross necropsy and histopathology. A properly conducted 21-day or 28-day study should provide information on the effects of repeated inhalation exposure and can indicate the need for further longer term studies and provide information on the dose levels of the latter.
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  • 79
    Book
    Book
    Boston [u.a.] : Routledge & Kegan Paul
    ISBN: 0710007809
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 408 S
    Edition: 1. Aufl
    Additional Information: Rezensiert in Huff, Toby E. For Weber. Essays on the Sociology of Fate, by Bryan S. Turner. Boston: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1981, x + 408 pp. 30.00 1981
    DDC: 301.0924
    Keywords: Weber, Max ; Sociology History ; Political sociology ; Religion and sociology ; Weber, Max 1864-1920 ; Soziologie
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 369 - 397
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  • 80
    ISBN: 0043011179
    Language: English
    Pages: X, 212 S.
    DDC: 301.01
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ideologie
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