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  • Englisch  (14)
  • Polnisch
  • Calvino, Flavio  (7)
  • Halabisky, David  (7)
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (14)
  • Industry and Services  (14)
  • Agriculture and Food
  • 1
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (70 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2024/03
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Economics ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: The COVID-19 pandemic caused an unprecedented global economic downturn, affecting productivity, business dynamics, and digital technology adoption. Using a comprehensive commercial database from Spiceworks Ziff Davis, this study analyses the firm-level drivers of digitalisation during the pandemic across 20 European countries. The findings show that a considerable share of firms introduced new digital technologies during the COVID-19 crisis. Notably, firms that were larger, more digitalised, and more productive before the pandemic were more likely to introduce new digital technologies in 2020 and 2021. Additionally, firms with pre-existing complementary technologies had a higher likelihood of adopting digital applications that gained momentum during the pandemic (such as digital commerce, collaborative software, cloud, and analytics). These patterns may increase polarisation among the best-performing firms and the rest of the business population. Public policy can play a key role in fostering an inclusive digital transformation in the post-pandemic era.
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (69 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.40
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Industry and Services ; United Arab Emirates
    Kurzfassung: Strengthening the performance and economic contribution of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) and start-ups is central to Abu Dhabi’s goal of creating a more diversified and competitive economy. This report provides an assessment of policies, programmes and regulations relating to MSME and start-up development in Abu Dhabi. The assessment is structured around six thematic areas: i) access to finance, ii) the availability of skills and capabilities, iii) access to markets, iv) the business environment, v) innovation and digitalisation, and vi) future opportunities for MSME and start-up development. For each thematic area, an analysis of existing issues, challenges and policy approaches is provided, in addition to policy recommendations and relevant examples of international policy practices. The report was prepared by the OECD Secretariat and external experts based on information gathered by the OECD in Abu Dhabi in the form of written documentation, questionnaire responses, stakeholder interviews and roundtable meetings as well as desk research on policy practices in other countries.
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  • 3
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (64 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Artificial Intelligence Papers no.2
    Schlagwort(e): Künstliche Intelligenz ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsnachfrage ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This report analyses the demand for positions that require skills needed to develop or work with AI systems across 14 OECD countries between 2019 and 2022. It finds that, despite rapid growth in the demand for AI skills, AI-related online vacancies comprised less than 1% of all job postings and were predominantly found in sectors such as ICT and Professional Services. Skills related to Machine Learning were the most sought after. The US-focused part of the study reveals a consistent demand for socio-emotional, foundational, and technical skills across all AI employers. However, leading firms – those who posted the most AI jobs – exhibited a higher demand for AI professionals combining technical expertise with leadership, innovation, and problem-solving skills, underscoring the importance of these competencies in the AI field.
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  • 4
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (21 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD SME and Entrepreneurship Papers no.45
    Schlagwort(e): Economics ; Employment ; Industry and Services ; Science and Technology
    Kurzfassung: This paper examines the experiences of self-employed online freelancers working on digital labour platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is based on interviews with freelancers and platform managers and experts in Belgium, France, Italy, the Netherlands and Poland. Their experiences during COVID-19 reveal issues of asymmetric power vis-à-vis platforms. Notably, they reported lack of transparency and certainty in their contracts with platforms, lack of power in negotiating with clients, and limited ability to engage with clients on other platforms. In addition, they often experienced difficulties in accessing government temporary supports for businesses during the pandemic. The paper puts forward policy recommendations to address these issues.
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  • 5
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (85 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2023/02
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This report analyses the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in firms across 11 countries. Based on harmonised statistical code (AI diffuse) applied to official firm-level surveys, it finds that the use of AI is prevalent in ICT and Professional Services and more widespread across large – and to some extent across young – firms. AI users tend to be more productive, especially the largest ones. Complementary assets, including ICT skills, high-speed digital infrastructure, and the use of other digital technologies, which are significantly related to the use of AI, appear to play a critical role in the productivity advantages of AI users.
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  • 6
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (63 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers no.157
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: The impact of productivity on employment remains uncertain, particularly in light of growing concerns regarding potential negative effects of technological progress on labour demand. This report uses harmonised and comparable data from 13 countries spanning the last two decades to comprehensively analyse how productivity growth affects employment dynamics at various levels of aggregation. The study's findings highlight a positive correlation between productivity growth and employment as well as wage growth, both at the firm level and on a broader scale. This outcome arises from counteracting mechanisms and heterogeneous dynamics across different groups of firms. The findings have relevant policy implications: productivity is not just an isolated key economic objective, but well-designed and complementary policies can also help convert technological and organisational change into higher employment and wage growth.
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  • 7
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (50 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2023/01
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This paper uses information collected and provided by GlassAI to analyse the characteristics and activities of companies and universities in Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States that mention keywords related to Artificial Intelligence (AI) on their websites. The analysis finds that those companies tend to be young and small, mainly operate in the information and communication sector, have AI at the core of their business, and aim to provide customer solutions. It is noteworthy that the types of AI-related activities reported by them vary across sectors. Additionally, although universities are concentrated in and around large cities, this is not necessarily reflected in the intensity of AI-related activities. Taken together, this novel and timely evidence informs the debate on the most recent stages of digital transformation of the economy.
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  • 8
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (67 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Serie: OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers no.2022/06
    Schlagwort(e): Science and Technology ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This work employs a novel approach to identify and characterise firms adopting Artificial Intelligence (AI), using different sources of large microdata. Focusing on the United Kingdom, the analysis combines data on Intellectual Property Rights, website information, online job postings, and firm-level financials for the first time. It shows that a significant share of AI adopters is active in Information and Communication Technologies and professional services, and is located in the South of the United Kingdom, particularly around London. Adopters tend to be highly productive and larger than other firms, while young adopters tend to hire AI workers more intensively. Human capital appears to play an important role, not only for AI adoption but also for firms’ productivity returns. Significant differences in the characteristics of AI adopters emerge when distinguishing between firms carrying out AI innovation, those with an AI core business, and those searching for AI talent.
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  • 9
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry working papers 2018, 14
    Serie: OECD science, technology and industry working papers
    Schlagwort(e): Vereinte Nationen ; 2001 - 2015 ; Industrie ; Klassifikation ; Digitalisierung ; Industrie 4.0 ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Kurzfassung: This study proposes a taxonomy of sectors according to the extent to which they have gone digital. The taxonomy accounts for some of the key facets of the digital transformation, and recognises that sectors differ in their development and adoption of the most advanced “digital” technologies, in the human capital needed to embed them in production and in the extent to which digital tools are used to deal with clients and suppliers. The indicators used to classify 36 ISIC revision 4 sectors over the period 2001-15 are: share of ICT tangible and intangible (i.e. software) investment; share of purchases of intermediate ICT goods and services; stock of robots per hundreds of employees; share of ICT specialists in total employment; and the share of turnover from online sales. The study further proposes an overall summary indicator of the digital transformation in sectors which encompasses all the considered dimensions.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (33 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: OECD Employment Policy Papers no.9
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This policy brief was produced by the OECD and the European Commission on sustaining entrepreneurship activities by entrepreneurs in under-represented and disadvantaged groups. It provides evidence on business survival for entrepreneurs from groups that are under-represented or disadvantaged in the labour market and discusses the obstacles that reduce the chances of survival for these businesses. Policy makers can take action to increase the chances of survival for these businesses, including providing training to boost business management skills, providing coaching and mentoring, facilitating access to finance and provide business development services.
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  • 11
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource (25 p.) , 21 x 29.7cm.
    Serie: OECD Employment Policy Papers no.7
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: This Policy Brief explains what entrepreneurial networks are, and how disadvantaged or under-represented groups can join them. Online networks in particular offer the added advantage of removing physical distances. The document also shows that by linking target groups with the business community, and helping the networks set up and widen their scope, the policy can provide real support.
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  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (30 p.)
    Serie: OECD Employment Policy Papers no.6
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: Disability impacts a large number of people – approximately 16 % of the working age population in the EU is afflicted with a long-standing health problem or disability (European Commission, 2007). And this number will grow as the population ages in industrialised countries due to the associated increased susceptibility to mental and physical disorders (Lutz et al., 2011; Pascarelli et al., 2001). Disabilities are extremely diverse and are not a fixed characteristic of individuals. Many disabilities are invisible to the eye yet popular stereotypes of disabled people as permanent wheelchair users or as blind from birth persist.
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  • 13
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (30 p.)
    Serie: OECD Employment Policy Papers no.1
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: Youth unemployment is one of the principal social and economic challenges of this decade in Europe and around the world. Long spells of unemployment can have serious long-term effects for individuals, such as reduced earnings and social exclusion. It is estimated that one year of unemployment during youth can reduce annual earnings at age 42 by up to 21 % (Gregg and Tominey, 2005) and that an extra three months of unemployment prior to the age of 23 results in an extra two months of unemployment, on average, between the ages of 28 and 33 (Gregg, 2001). Prolonged unemployment magnifies these problems and increases the chances that they are passed on to their children. In addition to these pronounced individual costs, the unemployed represent a significant stock of unused economic resources that lowers output and the potential for economic growth.
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  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (31 p.)
    Serie: OECD Employment Policy Papers no.2
    Schlagwort(e): Employment ; Industry and Services
    Kurzfassung: The population and labour force in the European Union are ageing. The proportion of the population in the EU-27 who are aged 55 and over rose from 25 % in 1990 to 30 % in 2010, and is estimated to reach 37 % by 2030 (Eurostat, 2012). Consequently, the workforce is also getting older – the proportion of the labour force between 55 and 69 years old increased 26.5 % between 1987 and 2010.
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