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  • Online Resource  (58)
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  • English  (58)
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  • 1985-1989  (58)
  • Sociology.  (58)
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  • Online Resource  (58)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Newbury Park, Calif. :Sage Publications, ; Vol. 1, no. 1 (Mar. 1987)-
    ISSN: 1552-3977 , 0891-2432
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (volumes
    Dates of Publication: Vol. 1, no. 1 (Mar. 1987)-
    Uniform Title: Gender and society.
    DDC: 305
    Keywords: Feminism. ; Sociology. ; Gender identity. ; Human beings. ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Feminism ; Sociology ; Gender Identity ; Féminisme. ; Sociologie. ; Identité de genre. ; Êtres humains. ; feminism. ; sociology. ; sex role. ; Homo sapiens (species) ; Feminism ; Gender identity ; Sociology ; Fulltext. ; Internet Resources. ; Periodicals.
    Note: Official publication of Sociologists for Women in Society.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thousand Oaks, CA :Sage Publications. ; Print began in 1980.
    ISSN: 0192-513X , ISSN 0192-513X
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Print began in 1980.
    Uniform Title: Journal of family issues (Online)
    Parallel Title: Journal of family issues
    DDC: 306.85
    Keywords: Families Periodicals. ; Nuclear families. ; Families. ; Sociology. ; Family ; Sociology ; Family Relations ; Nuclear Family ; Familles Périodiques. ; Familles. ; Sociologie. ; sociology. ; Sociology ; Nuclear families ; Families ; United States ; Fulltext. ; Internet Resources. ; Periodicals. ; Periodicals
    Note: Mode of access: World Wide Web. , Sponsored by the National Council on Family Relations.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beverly Hills, Calif. :Sage Publications, ; Vol. 9, no. 1 (Feb. 1982)-
    In:  Gale Academic OneFile. | Gale General OneFile.
    ISSN: ISSN 0730-8884
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (volumes)
    Edition: Electronic reproduction. [Place of publication not identified] : HathiTrust Digital Library, 2010.
    Dates of Publication: Vol. 9, no. 1 (Feb. 1982)-
    Parallel Title: Print version: Work and occupations
    Former Title: Sociology of work and occupations
    Titel der Quelle: Gale Academic OneFile.
    Titel der Quelle: Gale General OneFile.
    Publ. der Quelle: Gale
    Publ. der Quelle: Gale
    DDC: 306/.36/05
    Keywords: Occupations Periodicals. ; Professions Periodicals. ; Occupations. ; Social sciences. ; Sociology. ; Occupations ; Social Sciences ; Sociology ; Work ; Professions Périodiques. ; Professions libérales Périodiques. ; Professions. ; Sciences sociales. ; Sociologie. ; Travail. ; social sciences. ; sociology. ; labor. ; occupations (livelihoods) ; Sociology ; Social sciences ; Occupations ; Professions ; Beroepssociologie. ; Arbeidssociologie. ; Electronic journals. ; Periodical ; periodicals. ; Periodicals ; Periodicals. ; Périodiques.
    Note: Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
    URL: Vol. 9, no. 1 (Feb. 1982)-  (Available from Sage Publications. Online version available for university members only. This requires an institutional login off-campus,)
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beverly Hills, Calif. :Sage Publications, ; Vol. 1 (Sept. 1969)- .
    ISSN: 0044-118X (Print) , 1552-8499 (Digital)
    Language: English
    Pages: computer files (volumes : , illustrations)
    Dates of Publication: Vol. 1 (Sept. 1969)- .
    Uniform Title: Youth & society [digital].
    DDC: 305
    Keywords: Social sciences. ; Sociology. ; Social psychology. ; Social Sciences ; Sociology ; Adolescent ; Psychology, Social ; Sciences sociales. ; Sociologie. ; Psychologie sociale. ; social sciences. ; sociology. ; social psychology. ; Social psychology ; Social sciences ; Sociology ; Fulltext. ; Internet Resources. ; Periodicals.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London :Published for the University of Keele by Routledge & Kegan Paul | Oxford :Blackwell Publishers | [London] :SAGE Publications ; Print began in 1908.
    ISSN: 1467-954X , 0038-0261
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource
    Edition: Electronic reproduction. [Place of publication not identified] : HathiTrust Digital Library, 2010.
    Dates of Publication: Print began in 1908.
    Parallel Title: Print version: Sociological review
    DDC: 305
    Keywords: Sociology Periodicals. ; Sociology ; Sociologie Périodiques. ; Sociology. ; Sociologie. ; Anthropologie sociale. ; Étude culturelle. ; Études féministes. ; Politique sociale. ; Relations de travail. ; Sociologie. ; Soziologie. ; industrial relations ; women's studies ; cultural studies ; culture ; social anthropology ; sociology ; Electronic journals. ; Journals - contents and abstracts. ; Periodicals.
    Note: Also issued on microfiche. , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002. , Published on behalf of Keele University.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Albany, N.Y. :American Sociological Association, | Washington, D.C. :American Sociological Association | Thousand Oaks, CA :Sage Publications ; Vol. 8, no. 1 (Mar. 1967)-
    ISSN: 2150-6000 , 0022-1465
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Vol. 8, no. 1 (Mar. 1967)-
    Uniform Title: Journal of health & social behavior (Online)
    Parallel Title: Print version: Journal of health & social behavior
    Former Title: Journal of health and human behavior (Online)
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Medicine Periodicals. ; Mental illness Periodicals. ; Psychology Periodicals. ; Medicine. ; Mental illness. ; Psychology. ; Sozialmedizin ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Verhaltensmedizin ; Social Medicine. ; Sociology. ; Electronic journals. ; Periodicals.
    Note: Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Thousand Oaks, Calif.] :Sage Publications ; Print began with vol. 1, no. 1, published in 1952.
    ISSN: 1461-7064 , 0011-3921
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Print began with vol. 1, no. 1, published in 1952.
    Uniform Title: Current sociology (Paris, France : Online)
    Parallel Title: Print version: Current sociology (Paris, France)
    Former Title: International bibliography of sociology
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Sociology Bibliography ; Periodicals. ; Social problems Bibliography ; Periodicals. ; Social problems. ; Sociology. ; Sociology. ; Bibliography. ; Electronic journals. ; Bibliographies. ; Periodicals.
    Note: Mode of access: World Wide Web. , Official journal of the International Sociological Association.
    URL: Backfiles:  ((FirstSearch))
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Thousand Oaks, Calif.] :Sage Publications ; Print began with volume 1, number 1 (March 1986).
    ISSN: 1461-7242 , 0268-5809
    Language: English
    Pages: online resource
    Dates of Publication: Print began with volume 1, number 1 (March 1986).
    Parallel Title: Print version: International sociology
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Sociology Periodicals. ; Sociology. ; sociologie ; sociology ; sociologische analyse ; sociological analysis ; Sociology (General) ; Sociologie (algemeen) ; Periodicals.
    Note: Mode of access: World Wide Web.
    URL: Backfiles, 1998-2002:  ((FirstSearch))
    URL: Sage 2007 Deep Backfile  (Access restricted to Concordia Patrons.)
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Beverly Hills, CA :Sage Publications, ; Vol. 26, no. 1 (Jan. 1983)-
    ISSN: 1533-8673 , 0731-1214
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Vol. 26, no. 1 (Jan. 1983)-
    Uniform Title: Sociological perspectives (Online)
    Parallel Title: Print version: Sociological perspectives
    Former Title: Pacific sociological review (Online)
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Sociology Periodicals. ; Sociology. ; Sociologie. ; Electronic journals. ; Czasopismo socjologiczne. ; Periodicals. ; Périodique électronique (Descripteur de forme) ; Ressource Internet (Descripteur de forme)
    Note: Title from title screen (JSTOR, viewed June 8, 2005). , Published: Greenwich, Conn. : JAI Press, 1989-1998; Berkeley, Calif. : University of California Press, 1999- , Mode of access: World Wide Web. , Official journal of the Pacific Sociological Association.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C. :American Sociological Association, | Thousand Oaks, CA :SAGE Publications ; Vol. 1, no. 1 (Jan. 1972)-
    ISSN: 1939-8638 , 0094-3061
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Vol. 1, no. 1 (Jan. 1972)-
    Additional Information: American sociological review
    Uniform Title: Contemporary sociology (Online)
    Parallel Title: Print version: Contemporary sociology
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Sociology Book reviews ; Periodicals. ; Sociology Periodicals. ; Sociology. ; Soziologie ; Rezension ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Book reviews. ; Electronic journals. ; Electronic journals. ; Czasopismo socjologiczne. ; Periodicals. ; Periodicals.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London :Oxford University Press, ; Began with vol. 1, no. 1 (Jan. 1967).
    ISSN: 1469-8684 , 0038-0385
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Began with vol. 1, no. 1 (Jan. 1967).
    Uniform Title: Sociology (Online)
    Parallel Title: Print version: Sociology
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Sociology Periodicals. ; Sociologie Périodiques. ; Sociology. ; Sociologie. ; Sociology. ; Electronic journals. ; Periodicals. ; Electronic journals.
    Note: Published: Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 〈1998〉-2001; London, England : Sage Publications, 2002- , Mode of access: World Wide Web. , Official journal of the British Sociological Association.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Copenhagen :Munksgaard for the Scandinavian Sociological Association, | Thousand Oaks, CA :Sage ; Began with vol. 1, fasc. 1 (1955).
    ISSN: 1502-3869 , 0001-6993
    Language: English , Danish , French , German , Norwegian , Swedish
    Edition: Electronic reproduction. [Place of publication not identified] : HathiTrust Digital Library, 2010.
    Dates of Publication: Began with vol. 1, fasc. 1 (1955).
    Uniform Title: Acta sociologica (Online)
    Parallel Title: Print version: Acta sociologica
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Sociology Periodicals. ; Sociology ; Sociologie Périodiques. ; Sociology. ; Sociology. ; Sociologie. ; Electronic journals. ; Periodical ; Fulltext. ; Internet Resources. ; Periodicals. ; Periodicals.
    Note: Imprint varies. , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002. , Mode of access: World Wide Web. , Published in association with Nordic Sociological Association.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    London ; : Sage Publications ; Print began with v. 19, no. 1, published in 1984.
    ISSN: 1461-7218 , 1012-6902
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: Print began with v. 19, no. 1, published in 1984.
    Uniform Title: International review for the sociology of sport (Online)
    Parallel Title: Print version: International review for the sociology of sport
    DDC: 306.483
    Keywords: Sports Periodicals. Social aspects ; Sports Social aspects. ; Sociology. ; Sports. ; Electronic journals. ; Periodicals.
    Note: Mode of access: World Wide Web. , Published in Association with: International Sociology of Sport Association (ISSA).
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dharwar, India :[Karnatak University], | Leiden, Netherlands :E.J. Brill | Willowdale, Ontario, Canada :De Sitter Publications | London :Sage Publications ; Print began with Vol. 1, no. 1 (Mar. 1960).
    ISSN: 1745-2554 , 0020-7152
    Language: English
    Edition: Electronic reproduction. [S.l.] : HathiTrust Digital Library, 2010.
    Dates of Publication: Print began with Vol. 1, no. 1 (Mar. 1960).
    Parallel Title: Print version: International journal of comparative sociology
    Subsequent Title: Comparative sociology (Online)
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Sociology Periodicals. ; Social change Periodicals. ; Sociology ; Sociologie Périodiques. ; Changement social Périodiques. ; Social change. ; Sociology. ; Periodical ; Electronic journals. ; Periodicals.
    Note: Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Menasha, Wis. :American Sociological Society, | Albany, N.Y. :American Sociological Society | Washington, D.C. :American Sociological Association | Thousand Oaks, CA :Sage Publications, Inc. ; Print began with vol. 1, no. 1 (Feb. 1936).
    ISSN: 1939-8271 , 0003-1224
    Language: English
    Edition: Electronic reproduction. [Place of publication not identified] : HathiTrust Digital Library, 2010.
    Dates of Publication: Print began with vol. 1, no. 1 (Feb. 1936).
    Uniform Title: American sociological review (Online)
    Parallel Title: Print version: American sociological review
    DDC: 301
    Keywords: Sociology Periodicals. ; Sociologie Périodiques. ; Sociology. ; Sociologie. ; SOCIOLOGY. ; Sociology ; Electronic journals. ; Electronic journals. ; Periodicals. ; Periodicals.
    Note: Title from PDF cover (JSTOR, viewed Sept. 10, 2007). , Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York, NY : Springer
    ISBN: 9781461396390
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 211p. 4 illus) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Series Statement: Recent Research in Psychology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 150
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Economics ; Personality. ; Social psychology. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Racism and sexism remain prevalent in societies today. Based on this proven premise, the authors of Affirmative Action in Perspective maintain that a policy of equal opportunity as practiced in America is not a feasible, realistic solution to the "legacy of racial and sexual discrimination". Drs. Blanchard and Crosby have edited a volume which clearly displays their conviction that affirmative action as a policy has the potential to establish a society more equitable than the society we know now. Distinguished contributors to this volume discuss the policy from a level of definition to actual case studies and further, to the theoretical examination of the justice of affirmative action. Throughout the book the urgency of questioning current policies is evident; so too is the need for basic understanding of the realities of injustice which draw the line between the advantaged and the disadvantaged
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781489908858
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 344 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Archaeology ; Sociology.
    Abstract: I. Meetings: The Issues and the Approach -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Occasions and Gatherings -- 3. Meetings as Tools/Meetings as Topics -- II. The Meeting: Gatherings in an American Organization -- 4. An Organized Anarchy -- 5. Constructing a Meeting -- 6. Meetings, Time, and Attention -- 7. History, Boundaries, and Ideological Conflict: The Council Meeting and the Training Meeting -- 8. Decisions and Power: The Committee Meeting and the Board Meeting -- 9. Expressions and Emotions: The Staff Meeting -- III. Meetings: Comparisons and Conclusions -- 10. Meetings, Culture, and Society -- 11. The Meeting: Foreground/Background -- Author Index.
    Abstract: In writing this book I discovered that everyone I talked to had his or her own theory about meetings, and yet there is no theory of meetings in the research literature. This makes writing about this subject both excit­ ing and hazardous. It is always exciting to examine the significance of something that has been ignored, but it is hazardous to write about something that everyone already thinks they understand. Without re­ course to the legitimacy of a research tradition, readers are likely to evaluate this study based on their own theory. I have tried to take this into account by discussing what might be referred to as American folk theory about meetings (see particularly Chapter 3), and also by juxtapos­ ing my own research in an American organization with research in traditional or non-Western societies as conducted by anthropologists. This juxtaposition throws into relief some of the important differences as well as similarities in views of meetings as well as the form of meetings across cultures. It is also the only way that I know to examine how and when one's cultural context is affecting one's theoretical constructions. If this book is successful, it will challenge what I believe is the most common interpretation of meetings found in American society, that is, that meetings are a blank-slate phenomenon useful as a tool for such functions as making decisions, solving problems, and resolving con­ flicts, but having no impact on behavior in and of themselves.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789401734448
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 236 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 112
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 112
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Science—Philosophy. ; Sociology—Methodology. ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Without of course adopting a Platonic metaphysics, the eighteenth-century philosophes were Grecophiles who regarded the Athenian philosophers as their intellectual forbearers and mentors. So powerful was their identification with c1assification that ancient ideas were taken as keys to the design of the modem world, but usually the ideas were taken separately and as divided from their systematic context. The power of number was an idea the En­ lightenment thinkers deployed with their legendary passion and vigor, particularly as an instrument for social reconstruction. It is no exaggemtion to say that the role of quantities in contemporary social scientific theorizing cannot be understood with any depth absent a recollection of the philosophes' axial development of the notion of quantification. It is a commonplace that for the philosophes progress required releasing human abilities to have power over nature. Aprerequisite for this power was knowledge of the underlying causes of natural events, knowledge that required quantitative precision. Enlightenment thinkers were sufficiently aware of themselves as products of their time to appreciate the importance of a liberal social environment to the knowledge enterprise; the supposition that the reverse is also the case, that enhanced knowledge could advance social conditions, came easily.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781468456523
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law, Society and Policy 4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Consciousness ; Criminology ; Difference (Psychology). ; Sociology. ; Personality. ; Political science.
    Abstract: 1. Introduction: Issues in Correctional Research and Policy -- 1. The Prison as a Rational Organization -- 2. Prisons, Politics, and Demographics -- 3. The Private Sector and the Prison -- 4. The Prison and the Prisoner -- 5. The Prison as a System -- 6. The Future of Correctional Research -- I. Corrections as a System: Contemporary Issues -- 2. American Prisons in a Time of Crisis -- 3. The Effectiveness of Correctional Rehabilitation: Reconsidering the “Nothing Works” Debate -- 4. Proprietary Prisons -- II. Legal Issues in Contemporary Corrections -- 5. American Prisoners and the Right of Access to the Courts: A Vanishing Concept of Protection -- 6. Gender and Justice: The Equal Protection Issue -- 7. Criminal Sentencing Reform: Legacy for the Correctional System -- III. Managing the Prison -- 8. Prison Labor and Industry -- 9. Prison Classification: The Management and Psychological Perspectives -- 10. Prison Guards as Agents of Social Control -- IV. Living in Prison -- 11. Noncoping and Maladaptation in Confinement -- 12. Inmate Adjustment to Prison -- 13. Correctional Environments -- V. Corrections Research and the Future -- Epilogue: The Researcher’s Work Is Never Done.
    Abstract: Despite the dire forecasts of others who had themselves edited books, we proceeded with the project of an edited volume on the American prison, although with more than a little trepidation. We had heard the horror stories of authors turning in their chapters months or years late or never at all, of publishers delaying publication dates, of volumes that read more like patchwork quilts than finely loomed cloth. As if to prove the others wrong, our experience in editing this volume has been mar­ velous, and we think the volume reflects this. Most likely, the success of our experience and of the volume stems from two elements: first, the professionalism and commitment of the authors themselves; and second, the fact that early in the life of this volume, most of the authors convened for a conference to critique and coordinate the chapters. This book brings together an illustrious group of criminologists and correctional scholars who wrote chapters explicitly for this volume. Co­ hesiveness was furthered by the charge we gave to each author to (1) present the major issues, (2) review the empirical research, and (3) dis­ cuss the implications of this work for present and future correctional policy. The goal of this project was to examine the major correctional issues facing prison systems. The chapters scrutinize the issues from the perspective of the system and the individual, from theory to practical and daily management problems, from legal to psychological concerns.
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9789401578257
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 260 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences a Yearbook 13
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 13
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: One Mapping the Study of Scientific Cognition -- The Units of Analysis in Science Studies -- Contributions of Psychology to an Integrative Science Studies: The Shape of Things to Come -- Two Models for Studying Scientific Cognition -- Error and Scientific Reasoning: An Experimental Inquiry -- Scientific Cognition: Hot or Cold? -- Tacit Knowledge and the Project of Computer Modelling Cognitive Processes in Science -- Three The Modularity of Scientific Cognition -- Granny, the Naked Emperor and the Second Cognitive Revolution -- Cognitive Process and Social Practice: The Case of Experimental Macroscopic Physics -- Four Language as an Indicator of Scientific Cognition -- Models of Language Learning and their Implications for Social Constructionist Analyses of Scientific Belief -- Professor Campbell on Models of Language-Learning and the Sociology of Science: A Reply -- Reductionist Rhetoric: Expository Strategies and the Development of the Molecular Neurobiology of Behavior -- Five The Prospects for an Integration of Approaches -- Representation, Cognition and Self: What Hope for an Integration of Psychology and Sociology? -- Integrating the Science Studies Disciplines -- Participants at the Yearbook Conference.
    Abstract: If nothing else, the twelve papers assembled in this volume should lay to rest the idea that the interesting debates about the nature of science are still being conducted by "internalists" vs. "externalists,"" rationalists" vs. "arationalists, n or even "normative epistemologists" vs. "empirical sociologists of knowledge. " Although these distinctions continue to haunt much of the theoretical discussion in philosophy and sociology of science, our authors have managed to elude their strictures by finally getting beyond the post-positivist preoccupation of defending a certain division of labor among the science studies disciplines. But this is hardly to claim that our historians, philosophers, sociologists, and psychologists have brought about an "end of ideology," or even an "era of good feelings," to their debates. Rather, they have drawn new lines of battle which center more squarely than ever on practical matters of evaluating and selecting methods for studying science. To get a vivid sense of the new terrain that was staked out at the Yearbook conference, let us start by meditating on a picture. The front cover of a recent collection of sociological studies edited by one of us (Woolgar 1988) bears a stylized picture of a series of lined up open books presented in a typical perspective fashion. The global shape comes close to a trapezium, and is composed of smaller trapeziums gradually decreasing in size and piled upon each other so as to suggest a line receding in depth. The perspective is stylized too.
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468456318
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (326p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: • Gender in Transition: A Brave New World? -- I • Gender in Transition: The Androgynous Zone -- 1 • That Old Black Magic of Femininity: Then and Now -- 2 • From John Wayne to Tootsie: The Masculine Struggle with Psychological Integration -- 3 • Preparation for Fatherhood: Dreams of Transition -- 4 • Gender Stereotypes: A New Egalitarian Couple Emerges -- 5 • New Parents in a Changing World: Existential and Interpersonal Dilemmas -- II • New Reproductive Technologies: From Test Tubes to Surrogates -- 6 • A Psychoanalytic Case Study: Infertility, in Vitro Fertilization, and Countertransference -- 7 • Paternity by Proxy: Artificial Insemination with Donor Sperm -- 8 • Psychological Implications of the Anonymous Pregnancy -- 9 • Who Becomes a Surrogate: Personality Characteristics -- 10 • Contemporary Adoption: A Cooperative Enterprise -- 11 • Artificial Insemination by Donor: Yours, Mine, or Theirs? -- 12 • Infertility and the New Reproductive Technologies: Speculations from a Psychodynamic Perspective -- 13 • Amniocentesis: The Experience of Invasion and the Ambivalence of Foreknowledge -- 14 • Gender Selection and Society -- 15 • Woman’s Shifting Sense of Self: The Impact of Reproductive Technology -- III • The 21st Century: Futuristic Patterns, Concerns, and Issues -- 16 • Divided Loyalties: Ongoing Reactions to Baby M -- 17 • Feminist Tensions: Concepts of Motherhood and Reproductive Choice -- 18 • On Surrogacy: Constructing Social Policy -- 19 • The Terror of Surrogate Motherhood: Fantasies, Realities, and Viable Legislation -- 20 • Lesbian Parenting: A Personal Odyssey -- 21 • Bearing the Unbearable: The Psychological Impact of AIDS -- 22 • Toward a Sense of Immortality: Case Studies of Voluntarily Childless Couples -- 23 • 21st Century: Changing Concepts of Masculinity and Femininity -- Overview • Reflections.
    Abstract: The wish for a child runs deep, as does the desire for parenthood. It is a wish that is essential to the continuance of the human species. It derives its motive power from many interrelated sources: psychobiological, sociological, historical. Yet it is a power that is changing hands. A short decade ago, Louise Brown was born. Prior to this event, human beings had begun biological life deep inside a female body. Louise Brown's birth signaled the beginning of a new era: The door to a new biotechnological world was opened, a world of artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, surrogacy, embryo transplants, amniocentesis, gender preselection-procedures imagined but never before realized, leading perhaps to the injection of new genetic material into frozen embryos. Indeed, what had been, since Eve, an exclusively female power and prerogative has now been invaded by 20th-century biotechnology. The womb has been replaced, and sperm and egg can now be joined without love and romance. Change brings with it new questions: A complex inquiry has been generated by issues that are psychological, ethical, moral, biological, sociological, and legal. Simultaneously, and not incidentally or accidentally, gender psychology is in transi­ tion. As we enter an androgynous zone, cultural heroes shift, new couples emerge. Gender roles are redefined, and renegotiated, not without struggle and apprehen­ sion. We are approaching a new frontier-hopeful, self-conscious, and anxious. The possibilities are endless, as are the problems.
    Description / Table of Contents: • Gender in Transition: A Brave New World?I • Gender in Transition: The Androgynous Zone -- 1 • That Old Black Magic of Femininity: Then and Now -- 2 • From John Wayne to Tootsie: The Masculine Struggle with Psychological Integration -- 3 • Preparation for Fatherhood: Dreams of Transition -- 4 • Gender Stereotypes: A New Egalitarian Couple Emerges -- 5 • New Parents in a Changing World: Existential and Interpersonal Dilemmas -- II • New Reproductive Technologies: From Test Tubes to Surrogates -- 6 • A Psychoanalytic Case Study: Infertility, in Vitro Fertilization, and Countertransference -- 7 • Paternity by Proxy: Artificial Insemination with Donor Sperm -- 8 • Psychological Implications of the Anonymous Pregnancy -- 9 • Who Becomes a Surrogate: Personality Characteristics -- 10 • Contemporary Adoption: A Cooperative Enterprise -- 11 • Artificial Insemination by Donor: Yours, Mine, or Theirs? -- 12 • Infertility and the New Reproductive Technologies: Speculations from a Psychodynamic Perspective -- 13 • Amniocentesis: The Experience of Invasion and the Ambivalence of Foreknowledge -- 14 • Gender Selection and Society -- 15 • Woman’s Shifting Sense of Self: The Impact of Reproductive Technology -- III • The 21st Century: Futuristic Patterns, Concerns, and Issues -- 16 • Divided Loyalties: Ongoing Reactions to Baby M -- 17 • Feminist Tensions: Concepts of Motherhood and Reproductive Choice -- 18 • On Surrogacy: Constructing Social Policy -- 19 • The Terror of Surrogate Motherhood: Fantasies, Realities, and Viable Legislation -- 20 • Lesbian Parenting: A Personal Odyssey -- 21 • Bearing the Unbearable: The Psychological Impact of AIDS -- 22 • Toward a Sense of Immortality: Case Studies of Voluntarily Childless Couples -- 23 • 21st Century: Changing Concepts of Masculinity and Femininity -- Overview • Reflections.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401568531
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 226 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: George Psathas, Editor’s Introduction -- Emanuel A. Schegloff, An Introduction / Memoir for Harvey Sacks — Lectures 1964–1965 -- Harvey Sacks, Introduction 1965 -- Harvey Sacks, Lec tures One — Fourteen, 19644–1965 -- Gail Jefferson, Editor’s Notes -- Harvey Sack’s Bibliography of Published and Unpublished Works Compiled by George Psathas.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781489908186
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 380 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Series Statement: Perspectives in Social Psychology, A Series of Texts and Monographs
    Series Statement: Perspectives in Social Psychology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 155.2
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Consciousness ; Criminology ; Difference (Psychology). ; Sociology. ; Personality. ; Political science.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- I. Theoretical Controversies -- 2 Integration and Pluralism -- 3 The Future of Pluralism Revisited -- 4 Symbolic Racism -- 5 Group Conflict, Prejudice, and the Paradox of Contemporary Racial Attitudes -- II. Racism Toward Blacks: How Generalizable? -- 6 Racism in Black and White: A Bicultural Model of Reaction and Evolution -- 7 Racism toward Hispanics: The Culturally Monolithic Society -- 8 Seeking Convergence in Race Relations Research: Japanese-Americans and the Resurrection of the Internment -- 9 Stereotypical Images, American Indians, and Prejudice -- 10 Racism and Sexism: Comparisons and Conflicts -- III. Social Policy -- 11 School Desegregation: The Social Science Role -- 12 The 1954 Social Science Statement and School Desegregation: A Reply to Gerard -- 13 School Busing: A Time for Change -- 14 The Contribution of School Desegregation to Academic Achievement and Racial Integration -- 15 Desegregation, Jigsaw, and the Mexican-American Experience -- 16 Contact and Cooperation: When Do They Work? -- 17 The Future of Preferential Affirmative Action -- 18 Affirmative Action and the Legacy of Racial Injustice -- 19 Conclusion -- Author Index.
    Abstract: The chapters presented here provide the reader with an awareness of the divergent views of what constitutes racism and frameworks for reducing it. This book points out that the dialogue and research on this subject since the mid-1970s have yielded increased contro­ versy over the theories, foundation, and continued existence of racism. Ironically, what we viewed in the 1954Brown decision and the Civil Rights Act of 1964as the beginning of the end of racism turned out to be the beginning of confusion over the course of action to ensure societal acceptance of political mandates. Hence, the title of this book captures the essence of the emotional core of any forum for examining racism, past and present. One of the most controversial forums has been that ofeducation, beginning with the D.S. Supreme Court's 1954ruling in Brown v. Board oi Education. Behind every event that has spawned controversy is a profile in courage. It was not a simple decision for the players in the scenario of the Brown v. Board oi Education case to step forward and present themselves as evidence of discrimination. Blackparents supported by black organizations viewed this legal action as a chance for equal opportunity. Yet, the 1950s were a time when black communities were pained by the thought that bigotry and institutional racism would forever stand in the way of their achieving equality.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781489920553
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 308 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: The Springer Series on Demographic Methods and Population Analysis
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Statistics ; Population ; Demography ; Sociology. ; Population—Economic aspects.
    Abstract: Life Tables and Stable Populations -- The Basic Life Table -- Life Tables with Multiple Decrements -- The Stable Population -- Multistate Population Models -- The Multistate Life Table -- The Multistate Stable Population -- Two-Sex Population Models -- The Interaction between the Sexes -- Two-Sex Marriage Models -- The Marriage Squeeze -- Two-Sex Fertility Models -- Models of Interacting Populations.
    Abstract: This book deals with models that can capture the behavior of individuals and groups over time. Organizationally, it is divided into three parts. Part I discusses the basic, decrement-only, life table and its associated stable population. Part II examines multistate (or increment-decrement) models and provides the first comprehensive treatment of those extremely flexible and useful life table models. Part III looks at "two-sex" models, which simultaneously incorporate the marriage or fertility behavior of males and females. Those models are explored more fully and completely here than has been the case to date, and the importance of including the experience of both sexes is demonstrated analytically as weil as empirically. In sum, this book considers a broad range of population models with a view to showing that such models can be eminently calculable, clearly interpretable, and analytically valuable for the study of many kinds of social behavior. Four appendixes have been added to make the book more usable. Appendix A provides abrief introduction to calculus and matrix algebra so that readers can understand, though not necessarily derive, the equations presented. Appendix B provides an index of the principal symbols used. Appendix C gives the answers to the exercises found at the end of each chapter. Those exercises should be seen as an extension of the text, and are intended to inform as weil as to challenge.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400927117
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Environmental Ethics and Science Policy 1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Environmental management ; Sociology.
    Abstract: One: Introduction to Mandated Science -- Identifying Mandated Science -- The Character of Mandated Science -- The Approach to be Taken in the Study of Mandated Science -- Standard Setting: A Case Study of Mandated Science -- The Design of the Study -- Specific Methodological Decisions -- The Organization of the Book -- Two: An Introduction to Standards -- The Features of Standards -- Confusions in Terminology -- The Data Problem in Standard Setting -- The Debates about Standards -- Standard Setting as an Example of Mandated Science -- Three: In the Eye of the StormCase Study One: The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists -- The Early History -- The Active Phase -- The Transition Period -- ACGIH Today -- Membership of the TLV Committee -- Standard Setting in ACGIH -- ACGIH Standards -- Controversies about Standards -- The Status of ACGIH Standards -- The Use of ACGIH Standards -- Discussion -- Four: Alphabet SoupCase Study Two: The Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues -- The Codex Alimentarius -- The Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR) -- The Joint Management Committee on Pesticide Residues -- The Three Organizations -- The Standards -- The Status of Codex Standards -- Discussion -- Five: Political ChemicalsCase Study Three: The Toronto Lead Controversy -- Background Information -- Standards in the Toronto Lead Controversy -- The Toronto Lead Controversy (1) — Early History -- The Toronto Lead Controversy (2) — the Case Goes to Court -- The Toronto Lead Controversy (3) — Words Become Dangerous -- The Toronto Lead Controversy (4) — Studying the Problem -- The Toronto Lead Controversy (5) — The Hearing Acts as a Court -- Discussion -- Six: An Economic PoisonCase Study Four: Pentachlorophenol -- Sorne Background Information -- The Standards -- History of the Controversy -- Discussion -- Seven: Standards Revisited -- The Characteristics of Standards -- The Character of Standard Setting: The Two Organizations -- The Character of Standard Setting: The Two Controversies -- Standards and the Debate about Regulation -- The Debate about Standards: Prescriptive versus Performance Standards -- Standards and Mandated Science -- Eight: Mandated Science -- The Character of Mandated Science -- Questions Arising from the Study of Mandated Science -- The Debates in Mandated Science -- Conclusions from the Study of Mandated Science -- Notes.
    Abstract: For a long time I would not eat strawberries. In 1977, a scandal broke about a testing laboratory having falsified the data that was used to register a large number of pesticides. The Canadian government, along with several others, began the process of re-evaluating both the procedures for testing and these specific chemicals. One chemical proved particularly controversial, the commonly-used pesticide named captan. In light of the controversy, which was manifest in a conflict between two government departments, in 1981, the Canadian government chose to appoint a special panel of experts to advise them. I was a member of this expert committee. The experience on the captan committee did little to reassure me, either about captan or about the way that decisions had been made about many pesticides in widespread use. Although it could not be demonstrated that captan was dangerous to people in the amounts to which they would likely be exposed, the animal studies provided the basis for concern. Prudence required at the very least that consumers take the precaution of washing their fruit, for captan is widely used on apples, cherries and berry fruits. Captan residues wash off apples relatively easily; they are less easily removed from berry fruits, such as straw­ berries.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401722094
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (III, 172 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Education ; Mathematics ; Mathematics—Study and teaching . ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Mathematical Education and Aboriginal Children -- On Culture, Geometrical Thinking and Mathematics Education -- School Mathematics in Culture-Conflict Situations -- Mathematics Education in Its Cultural Context -- Values, Mathematics Education, and the Task of Developing Pupils’ Personalities: An Indonesian Perspective -- Outcomes of Schooling: Mathematics Achievement and Attitudes Towards Mathematics Learning in Hong Kong -- Institutional Issues in the Study of School Mathematics: Curriculum Research -- The Computer as a Cultural Influence in Mathematical Learning -- Book Reviews -- Erich Ch. Wittmann, ElementargeometrieundWirklichkeit -- C. C McKnight, F. J. Crosswhite, J. A. Dossey, E. Kifer, J. O. Swafford, K. J. Travers, and T. J. Cooney, The Underachieving Curriculum — Assessing US School Mathematics from an International Perspective -- Louise Lafortune (ed.), Women and Mathematics -- J. Dhombres, A. Dahan-Dalmedico, R. Bkouche, C. Houzel, and M. Guillemot, Mathématiquesau fil des âges.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401729581
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (288 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences, A Yearbook 12/1/2
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Yearbook 12/1/2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Humanities ; History ; Sociology.
    Abstract: III Transformation of Industry and Medicine -- The Role of the Military in the Electrification of Russia 1870–1890 -- World War II and the Transformation of the American Chemical Industry -- Between Cowardice and Insanity: Shellshock and the Legitimation of the Neuroses in Great Britain -- IV Nuclear Weapons and Nuclear Power -- The Development of the First Atomic Bomb in the USSR -- ‘Over My Dead Body’: James Bryant Conant and the Hydrogen Bomb -- A Crystal Ball in the Shadows of Nuremberg and Hiroshima: The Ethical Debate Over Human Experimentation to Develop a Nuclear Powered Bomber, 1946–1951 -- V R&D: Military, Industry and the Academy -- An Analytical Look at R&D and the Arms Race -- The Government of Military R&D in Britain -- The Government of Military R&D: A Comparative Perspective -- The Making of an Entrepreneurial University: The Traffic Among M.I.T. and the Industry and the Military, 1860–1960.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781489921062
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 291 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Aging Research ; Social groups. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: 1. The Isolated Nuclear Family: Fact or Fiction -- 2. Law and Legal Systems: The Family Connection 1981 Burgess Award Address -- 3. The Art and Science of Family Sociology -- 4. Family as a Many Splendored Concept -- 5. Cross-Cultural Research: A Safari Approach -- 6. Intimate vs Non-Intimate Support Networks -- 7. Head Start’s Influence on Parental and Child Competence -- 8. From Latchkey Stereotypes Toward Self-Care Realities -- 9. Misers and Wastrels: Perceptions of the Depression and YUPPIE Generations -- 10. Tracing the Disadvantages of First-Generation College Students: An Application of Sussman’s Option Sequence Model -- 11. Exchange and Power in Marriage in Cultural Context: Bombay and Minneapolis Comparisons -- 12. Intergenerational Transactions of Values: A Case Study of Career Changes in Midlife -- 13. Parental and Filial Relationships: Obligation, Support, and Abuse -- 14. Mother-Daughter Bonds in the Later Years: Transformation of The ‘Help Pattern’ -- 15. Cross-Gender Relationships at Work and at Home Through the Family Life Cycle -- 16. Households of the Elders -- 17. Professional Client Relationships and the Older Patient -- 18. The Walking Patient and the Revolt of the Client: Impetus to Develop New Models of Physician-Patient Roles -- 19. Social Supports and Mortality Rates: A Disease Specific Formulation -- List of Contributors.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468488333
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (476p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology. ; Paleontology . ; Evolution (Biology).
    Abstract: The idea of human hunting -- Reconstructing how early people exploited animals: problems and prospects -- Were there elephant hunters at Torralba? -- Bodies, brawn, brains and noses: human ancestors and human predation -- Hunting in late Upper Paleolithic Western Europe -- Prehistoric, plains-mountain, large-mammal, communal hunting strategies -- Analysis of kill-butchery bonebeds and interpretation of Paleoindian hunting -- The Pleistocene archaeology of Beringia -- Richard E. Morian Mastodont procurement by Paleoindians of the Great Lakes region: hunting or scavenging? -- Taphonomy and hunting -- Contributors.
    Abstract: The successful early adaptations of man involve a complex interplay of biological and cultural factors. There is a rapidly growing number of paleontologists and paleoanthropologists who are concerned with hominid foraging and the evolution of hunting. New techniques of paleoanthropology and taphonomy, and new information on human remains are added to the traditional approaches to the study of past human hunting and other foraging behavior. There is also a resurgence of interest in the early peopling of the New World. The present book is the result of the Ninth Annual Spring Systematics 10, 1986, in the Symposium, on the Evolution of Human Hunting, held on May Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago. We are grateful to the NSF (grant no. BNS 8519960) for partial financial support in arranging the symposium. In preparation of this volume we have received assistance from many people, particularly the reviewers of individual chapters; it is impossible to name them all. We must however single out Drs. Richard G. Klein and Glen H. Cole for their encouragement at various stages of preparation of the symposium and this volume, and for being a help to the anthropological knowledge. Zbigniew Jastrzebski assisted with the figures and Paul K. Johnson diligently typed the camera-ready copy, and patiently coordinated the endless book-making chores.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781489927927
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (249 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Science (General) ; Social sciences ; Social groups. ; Engineering. ; Life sciences. ; Sociology. ; Humanities. ; Science. ; Mathematics.
    Abstract: I realize more and more that to some degree psychol­ ogists study their own lives. My first studies in the mid-1970s looked at the conflicts that emerge in dual­ career couples as the partners combine their various roles. Ideas for the early studies initially came from con­ versations with clients, friends, and people I met trav­ eling. Soon after the topic of dual careers came up, dis­ cussions of guilt and frustration followed. The partici­ pants in my first studies turned out to be predominantly women. Men expressed little interest in participating. A common response was, "Talk to my wife. " 7 8 PREFACE Ostensibly, husbands saw their partners, but not themselves, as dealing with conflicting roles. Although I presumed this to be somewhat true, I knew from ob­ serving my own husband that my having a career had an immeasurable impact on him. Were men denying something? Were women overly sensitive? Discussions with my husband, which helped me to get a better grasp on what male partners might be feeling, planted the seed for my subsequent book on men in dual-career 1 families, published in 1985. In gathering material for that book, I was struck by the contrast with men's ear­ lier disinterest. Husbands appeared eager to talk about their lives. Their greatest concern-what happens to the children?-became the focus of my last set of studies. Why this book? "Sharing it all" symbolizes the es­ sence of a two-career marriage.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781468455144
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (294p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Business and Economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Economics ; Population ; Population—Economic aspects. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- Definitions -- Historical Context -- Notes -- 2 Perspectives on Development -- Modernization Model -- Underdevelopment and Dependency -- Modernization and Dependency: The Limitations -- Redistribution with Growth -- Basic-Needs Approach -- Concluding Observations -- Notes -- 3 Equity-Oriented Development: Problems and Prospects -- Urban Bias -- Political and Other Constraints and Structural Change -- Popular Participation and Community-Level Action -- Responses from the Third World -- Multinational Corporations and Poverty-Focused Development -- Official Development Assistance -- Concluding Observations -- Notes -- 4 Links between Development Perspectives and Population Growth -- Demographic Transition -- Modernization and Demographic Transition in the Developing World -- Equity, Poverty, and Population Growth -- Concluding Observations -- Notes -- 5 Population and Development: A Selective Overview -- Causal Analysis -- Economic and Sociological Approaches: Efforts at Convergence -- Effects of Population Growth on Development -- Sociocultural Factors and Population Growth -- Institutional Factors and Population Growth -- Concluding Observations -- Notes -- 6 Sectoral Reviews I -- Natural Resources -- Health, Nutrition, and Food -- Notes -- 7 Sectoral Reviews II -- Status and Employment of Women -- Education -- Concluding Observations -- Notes -- 8 Conclusions -- Equity and Population Growth -- Donor Assistance: Directions and Dimensions -- Tasks for Theory and Research -- Coordination of Population Policy Analysis and Development Planning -- Notes -- References.
    Abstract: Until the early to mid-1970s, social scientists in the fields of population and development were largely going their own ways. Demographers relied almost exclusively on demographic transition theory as their para­ digm for understanding the role of development in population change and fertility decline. Conversely, most development economists and other specialists were certainly aware of the constraints placed upon development objectives by population growth. However, the main de­ velopment theories paid little attention to population and the implica­ tions of population growth for development. Indeed it was not until after the World Population Conference in Bucharest in 1974 that the interaction of population and development became a serious and pur­ posive theme for social scientific study. Accordingly, since about the mid-1970s, an extensive literature in the field of population and develop­ ment has been generated. And in 1975, under the auspices of The Popu­ lation Council, the journal Population and Development Review was found­ ed, a journal which in the past decade has developed into the premier publication in the world for work in this area. But our understanding of development as it refers to change in Third World countries remained fragmented. Moreover, our understanding of the linkages and interac­ tions between population and development was very limited. It is in this regard that Ozzie Simmons's Perspectives on Development and Population Growth in the Third World will certainly have an impact.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 IntroductionDefinitions -- Historical Context -- Notes -- 2 Perspectives on Development -- Modernization Model -- Underdevelopment and Dependency -- Modernization and Dependency: The Limitations -- Redistribution with Growth -- Basic-Needs Approach -- Concluding Observations -- Notes -- 3 Equity-Oriented Development: Problems and Prospects -- Urban Bias -- Political and Other Constraints and Structural Change -- Popular Participation and Community-Level Action -- Responses from the Third World -- Multinational Corporations and Poverty-Focused Development -- Official Development Assistance -- Concluding Observations -- Notes -- 4 Links between Development Perspectives and Population Growth -- Demographic Transition -- Modernization and Demographic Transition in the Developing World -- Equity, Poverty, and Population Growth -- Concluding Observations -- Notes -- 5 Population and Development: A Selective Overview -- Causal Analysis -- Economic and Sociological Approaches: Efforts at Convergence -- Effects of Population Growth on Development -- Sociocultural Factors and Population Growth -- Institutional Factors and Population Growth -- Concluding Observations -- Notes -- 6 Sectoral Reviews I -- Natural Resources -- Health, Nutrition, and Food -- Notes -- 7 Sectoral Reviews II -- Status and Employment of Women -- Education -- Concluding Observations -- Notes -- 8 Conclusions -- Equity and Population Growth -- Donor Assistance: Directions and Dimensions -- Tasks for Theory and Research -- Coordination of Population Policy Analysis and Development Planning -- Notes -- References.
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  • 32
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400927254
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (572p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Culture, Illness and Healing 13
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; medicine Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Anthropology ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Sociology. ; Bioethics.
    Abstract: I: The Social Sciences and Biomedicine -- Relationships between Society, Culture, and Biomedicine: Introduction to the Essays -- II: Mind, Body, Values, and Society -- Tenacious Assumptions in Western Medicine -- Mind and Body as Metaphors: Hidden Values in Biomedicine -- Psyche, Soma, and Society: The Social Construction of Psychosomatic Disorders -- III: Reproducing Medical Perception and Practice -- Medical Students and the Cadaver in Social and Cultural Context -- Patients, Physicians and Context: Medical Care in the Home -- Discourse, Descriptions and Diagnoses: Reproducing Normal Medicine -- IV: Medicine Evolving, Medicine Adapting -- Space and Time in British General Practice -- Thinking Prevention: Concepts and Constructs in General Practice -- Clinical Science and Clinical Expertise: Changing Boundaries Between Art and Science in Medicine -- V: Medical Construction of life Cycle Processes -- Babyhood: The Social Construction of Infant Care as a Medical Problem in England in the Years Around 1900 -- Menopause as Process or Event: The Creation of Definitions in Biomedicine -- On the Boundary of Life and Death: The Definition of Dying by Medical Residents -- VI: Biomedical Knowledge and Practice Across Cultures -- A Nation at Risk: Interpretations of School Refusal in Japan -- Medical Practice in Response to a Folk Illness: The Treatment of Nervios in Costa Rica -- VII: Constructing the “Ordinary” out of the “Extraordinary” -- Physicians and the Disclosure of Undesirable Information -- The Technological Imperative in Medical Practice: The Social Creation of a “Routine” Treatment -- The Social Construction of a Machine: Ritual, Superstition, Magical Thinking and Other Pragmatic Responses to Running a CT Scanner -- List of Contributors -- Author Index.
    Abstract: The culture of contemporary medicine is the object of investigation in this book; the meanings and values implicit in biomedical knowledge and practice and the social processes through which they are produced are examined through the use of specific case studies. The essays provide examples of how various facets of 20th century medicine, including edu­ cation, research, the creation of medical knowledge, the development and application of technology, and day to day medical practice, are per­ vaded by a value system characteristic of an industrial-capitalistic view of the world in which the idea that science represents an objective and value free body of knowledge is dominant. The authors of the essays are sociologists and anthropologists (in almost equal numbers); also included are papers by a social historian and by three physicians all of whom have steeped themselves in the social sci­ ences and humanities. This co-operative endeavor, which has necessi­ tated the breaking down of disciplinary barriers to some extent, is per­ haps indicative of a larger movement in the social sciences, one in which there is a searching for a middle ground between grand theory and attempts at universal explanations on the one hand, and the context-spe­ cific empiricism and relativistic accounts characteristic of many historical and anthropological analyses on the other.
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9781468453621
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (310p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology. ; Social groups. ; Counseling.
    Abstract: I • Early Developmental Themes: The Emotional Birth of the Female -- 1 • Psychohistorical Reflections on Changing Body Images for Women -- 2 • Early Female Development: From Birth through Latency -- 3 • Reflections on the Daughter as a Projective Screen: Mother—Daughter Boundaries -- 4 • The Father’s Role in the Self-Development of His Daughter -- II • Female Passages of the Body-Self -- 5 • Menarche and Menstruation: Psychoanalytic Implications -- 6 • Motivations for Motherhood and the Nature of the Self—Object Tie -- 7 • Psychoanalytic Aspects of Pregnancy -- III • From Body-Self to Other -- 8 • Psychology of Childbirth -- 9 • The Postpartum Period: Analytic Reflections on the Potential for Agony and Ecstasy -- 10 • The Nursing Experience: A Clinical Study -- 11 • Emotional Aspects of Pregnancy and Childbirth -- IV • Later Developmental Themes -- 12 • A Study of Menopausal Women in Analytic Treatment -- 13 • Menopause: Myth and Reality -- V • Twentieth Century Female Issues and Problems -- 14 • Body Image in the 21st Century -- 15 • Psychodynamics of Abortion: Regression or Rebirth? -- 16 • Women and Eating Disorders -- 17 • Psychological Consequences of Infertility -- Overview: Biotechnology and the 21st Century.
    Abstract: After the birth of my second son some 11 years ago, I was painfully torn by the timing of my reentry to work-my wish to return to a prestigious and stimulating position as chief psychologist of a large agency, or my equally powerful wish to enjoy fully my beautiful new son's infancy, undivided and untorn. At the time I had a dream that my body was cut in half at the waist-my head leaned to the books neatly contained on the library shelves; my belly went to the crib, all sweet-smelling and soft. Not having had the opportunity to be "un­ divided" with my first son (now 17 years old), I chose to resign my agency position and stay home as long as I wished and then develop my private practice. It was a decision that at the time entailed much loss-cerebral, collegial, social, pres­ tigious-and generated some self-doubt, but in retrospect it is not regretted and was perhaps wise. This son's infancy will always be remembered as a time in which I experienced mothering with ease and grace.
    Description / Table of Contents: I • Early Developmental Themes: The Emotional Birth of the Female1 • Psychohistorical Reflections on Changing Body Images for Women -- 2 • Early Female Development: From Birth through Latency -- 3 • Reflections on the Daughter as a Projective Screen: Mother-Daughter Boundaries -- 4 • The Father’s Role in the Self-Development of His Daughter -- II • Female Passages of the Body-Self -- 5 • Menarche and Menstruation: Psychoanalytic Implications -- 6 • Motivations for Motherhood and the Nature of the Self-Object Tie -- 7 • Psychoanalytic Aspects of Pregnancy -- III • From Body-Self to Other -- 8 • Psychology of Childbirth -- 9 • The Postpartum Period: Analytic Reflections on the Potential for Agony and Ecstasy -- 10 • The Nursing Experience: A Clinical Study -- 11 • Emotional Aspects of Pregnancy and Childbirth -- IV • Later Developmental Themes -- 12 • A Study of Menopausal Women in Analytic Treatment -- 13 • Menopause: Myth and Reality -- V • Twentieth Century Female Issues and Problems -- 14 • Body Image in the 21st Century -- 15 • Psychodynamics of Abortion: Regression or Rebirth? -- 16 • Women and Eating Disorders -- 17 • Psychological Consequences of Infertility -- Overview: Biotechnology and the 21st Century.
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781489961129
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 250 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Consciousness ; Sociology. ; Personality. ; Difference (Psychology).
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400936379
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (158p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Martinus Nijhoff Philosophy Library 20
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Sociology. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: I The Three Characters of Absolute Time -- a) The Coincidence of Meaning and Phase -- b) The Distinction between Becoming and What Comes-To-Be -- c) The Phenomenon of Transition -- II The Impulsion of Life -- a) Ultimate Foundations of Organic and Inorganic Matter -- b) Impulsion and Phantasy -- c) The Factors of Reality and Ideality -- III Mind and the Genesis of Human Ideas -- a) Two Examples for the Genesis of Ideas in Greek Philosophy -- b) Contemporary Conception of Ideas: The Essence of Pragmatism -- c) The Essence of Pragmatic Truth: Functionalization -- d) Idea as “Sketch”: Introductory Comment -- IV The Unfinished Idea of Man -- a) Man’s Self-Understanding as Sketch -- b) Capitalism and the Concept of an Entity -- c) Variations of the Functional Appearance of Entities and the Role of the Sketch -- d) A Second Look at the Idea as Sketch and the Essence of Capitalism and Economics -- Notes.
    Abstract: There is little more than a decade left before the bells allover the world will be ringing in the first hour of the twenty-first century, which will surely be an era of highly advanced technology. Looking back on the century that we live in, one can realize that generations of people who have already lived in it for the better parts of their lives have begun to ask the same question that also every individual person thinks about when he is faced with the first signs of the end of his life. It is the question: "Why did everything in my life happen the way it did?" Or, "It would have been so easy to have channelled events into directions other than the way they went. " Or, "Why, in all the world, is my life coming to an end as it does, or, why must all of us face this kind of end of our century?" Whenever human beings take retrospective views of their lives and times - when they are faced with their own personal "fin du siecle" - there appears to be an increasing anxiety throughout the masses asso­ ciated with a somber feeling of pessimism, which may even be mixed with a slight degree of fatalism. There is quite another feeling with those persons who were born late in this century and who did not share all the events the older generation experi­ enced.
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  • 36
    ISBN: 9789400939493
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (538p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Computer engineering ; Social sciences ; Political science. ; Sociology. ; Electrical engineering.
    Abstract: France -- Les nouveaux réseaux d’images en France -- Tendances de l’audiovisuel en France a l’horizon 2000 -- Les médias électroniques, une chance pour les quotidiens francais? -- Great-Britain -- The development of transmission systems in the U.K. A fifteen-year forecast -- Impact of new communication technologies on media industry in the European Community: audio-visual media in Britain -- West-Germany -- The evolution of media infrastructure in the Federal Republic of Germany -- Future trends of the electronic textmedia in West-Germany -- The Netherlands -- Development of transmission facilities for electronic media in the Netherlands -- Future trends of audio-visual media in the Netherlands -- Future trends of electronic textmedia in the Netherlands -- Belgium -- Propos sur les nouveaux médias en Belgique francophone. Prévisions 1995 -- The development of the audio-visual and electronic textmedia in Flanders, respectivily Belgium -- Denmark -- Future media trends in Denmark -- Greece -- Future media trends in Greece -- Ireland -- The impact of new communication technologies on the media industry in the Republic of Ireland -- Italy -- Impact of new communication technologies in the media industry in Italy -- Luxembourg -- Future media trends in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg -- North-American Perspective -- Future development of new media in the European Community. Some implications drawn from the North-American experience -- Japanese Perspective -- The impact of new communication technologies on the media industry in Japan.
    Description / Table of Contents: FranceLes nouveaux réseaux d’images en France -- Tendances de l’audiovisuel en France a l’horizon 2000 -- Les médias électroniques, une chance pour les quotidiens francais? -- Great-Britain -- The development of transmission systems in the U.K. A fifteen-year forecast -- Impact of new communication technologies on media industry in the European Community: audio-visual media in Britain -- West-Germany -- The evolution of media infrastructure in the Federal Republic of Germany -- Future trends of the electronic textmedia in West-Germany -- The Netherlands -- Development of transmission facilities for electronic media in the Netherlands -- Future trends of audio-visual media in the Netherlands -- Future trends of electronic textmedia in the Netherlands -- Belgium -- Propos sur les nouveaux médias en Belgique francophone. Prévisions 1995 -- The development of the audio-visual and electronic textmedia in Flanders, respectivily Belgium -- Denmark -- Future media trends in Denmark -- Greece -- Future media trends in Greece -- Ireland -- The impact of new communication technologies on the media industry in the Republic of Ireland -- Italy -- Impact of new communication technologies in the media industry in Italy -- Luxembourg -- Future media trends in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg -- North-American Perspective -- Future development of new media in the European Community. Some implications drawn from the North-American experience -- Japanese Perspective -- The impact of new communication technologies on the media industry in Japan.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    In:  volume:11 | number:4 | pages:417-435 | date:12.1987 | Culture, medicine and psychiatry 11, Heft 4, 417-435, 12.1987
    ISSN: 1573-076X
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource, 1 online resource.
    Titel der Quelle: Culture, medicine and psychiatry
    Publ. der Quelle: Dordrecht : Springer Science + Business Media B.V., 1977-
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:11
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:4
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:417-435
    Angaben zur Quelle: date:12.1987
    Angaben zur Quelle: 11, Heft 4, 417-435, 12.1987
    DDC: 398.209
    Keywords: (lcsh)Anthropology. ; (lcsh)Public health. ; (lcsh)Psychiatry. ; (lcsh)Sociology. ; (lcsh)Clinical psychology. ; Anthropology. ; Public Health. ; Psychiatry. ; Sociology. ; Clinical Psychology.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400937598
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (336p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences Monographs 6
    Series Statement: Sociology of the Sciences - Monographs, Continued As Sociology of the Sciences Library 6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology. ; Linguistics. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I: Schools of Thought: Some Theoretical Observations -- Toward a Definition of Schools of Thought -- The Cognitive Divergence of Schools of Thought -- The Implications of the System of Cognitive Divergence -- Social Divergence -- Schools vs. Disciplines: Autonomy and Institutionalization -- Schools and the Legitimation of Scientific Results -- Schools in Academic Science -- The Dual Legitimation System -- Cognitive Consequences of the Dual Legitimation System -- Opportunities for Divergence: Center and Periphery -- Opportunities for Divergence: The Leader’s Status -- Schools of Thought in Linguistics -- II: The Idea System of the Early Comparative Grammarians -- Early Comparative Grammarians: Philosophical and Theoretical Beliefs -- The Schleicherian Synthesis: To Save the Phenomena -- Linguistic Methodology Before 1870 -- III: Linguistics at the German University -- The Idea of Higher Education and the Growth of Linguistics -- The Organization of Teaching and Research -- Linguistics and Philology: Modes of Institutionalization -- IV: The Neogrammarian Doctrine -- The Neogrammarian Inheritance: Linguistic Methodology -- A Method in Search of a Theory -- V: The Neogrammarian Revolution From Above -- The Problem -- A School of Thought as a Bid for Scientific Authority -- The Institutional Setting -- The Neogrammarian “Revolution from Above” -- Cognitive Repercussions of Institutional Changes -- VI: The Idealist Reaction -- Causality and Explanation in Linguistics: the Denial of Science -- Language as Art and the Idea of Linguistic Study -- The Denial of Linguistics: Neo-Idealists and the Crisis of Learning -- VII: Saussure’s Revolution From Within -- The Road to Synchrony: Overdetermination and Its Obstacles -- The Construction of a Linguistic Fact -- Structuralism: Language as an Autonomous Object -- VIII: Schools on the Periphery -- Saussure as a Marginal Man? -- Linguistics on the Periphery -- IX: Conclusions -- Notes and References.
    Abstract: This book is based on the assumption that the development of science has to be understood both as a social and as an intellectual process. The division between internal and external history, between history of ideas and sociology of science, has been harmful not only to our understanding of scientific rationality but also to our understanding of the social processes of scientific development. Just as philosophy of science must be informed by its history, so also must sociology of science be both historically and philosophically informed. Proceeding on this assumption, I examine in detail the contents of linguistic ideas and the changes they underwent, as well as the institutional processes of disciplinary development and school formation. The development of linguistics in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries has provided me with a convenient locus for a study of the processes of cognitive change and continuity in the context of modern academically institutionalized science. This book examines first the idea system and the institutionalization of historical and comparative linguistics in the first half of the nineteenth century, and then focusses on the for­ mation and development of three schools of thought: the Neogrammarians, the Neo-Idealists, and the Geneva School of Ferdinand de Saussure.
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  • 39
    ISBN: 9781489904683
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVII, 228 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Education ; Sociology.
    Abstract: 1 The Social Organization of Schools: An Overview -- 2 An Organizational Analysis of Curriculum and Instruction -- 3 Ability Grouping and Student Learning -- 4 Diversity, Equity, and Classroom Processes -- 5 The Organizational Differentiation of Students in Schools as an Opportunity Structure -- 6 Evaluating the Trade-offs in Student Outcomes from Alternative School Organization Policies -- 7 Implications of an Institutional View of Education for the Study of Educational Effects -- 8 The Relations between School and Social Structure -- 9 Moral Education and School Social Organization -- Author Index.
    Abstract: This volume addresses key issues in the sociology of education concerning how schools are organized for instruction and what processes link school organization and instruction to educa­ tional achievement. The content of the chapters represents a shift in focus from traditional and even recent themes in soci­ ology of education, including the study of school effects and of classroom processes, to a concern with the social organization of schools and its consequences for student outcomes. Rather than reviewing or evaluating existing research, the chapters present new and developing conceptualizations of the school­ ing process and provide theoretical models to guide future empirical work on schools. A unique feature of this book is its heavy emphasis on theory. Each chapter presents a theoretical model or argument concerning an issue of central importance in sociology of edu­ cation. The empirical analyses and simulations that are included are often more for illustrative purposes than for rigorous hypothesis testing, and some chapters have no data analysis at all. The major strength of the volume, therefore, lies in the new conceptualizations and reconceptualizations it provides of fundamental processes relating school organization to student learning. Theoretical work such as this is exactly what is needed in an area that has traditionally been, for the most part, empir­ ical and atheoretical. Another important feature of this volume is the various approaches it presents to the study of school organization.
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    In:  volume:10 | number:4 | pages:389-396 | date:12.1986 | Culture, medicine and psychiatry 10, Heft 4, 389-396, 12.1986
    ISSN: 1573-076X
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource, 1 online resource.
    Titel der Quelle: Culture, medicine and psychiatry
    Publ. der Quelle: Dordrecht : Springer Science + Business Media B.V., 1977-
    Angaben zur Quelle: volume:10
    Angaben zur Quelle: number:4
    Angaben zur Quelle: pages:389-396
    Angaben zur Quelle: date:12.1986
    Angaben zur Quelle: 10, Heft 4, 389-396, 12.1986
    DDC: 394.1
    Keywords: (lcsh)Anthropology. ; (lcsh)Public health. ; (lcsh)Psychiatry. ; (lcsh)Sociology. ; (lcsh)Clinical psychology. ; Anthropology. ; Public Health. ; Psychiatry. ; Sociology. ; Clinical Psychology.
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  • 41
    ISBN: 9781461321354
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (288p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Series Statement: Critical Issues in Social Justice
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 155.2
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Population ; Consciousness ; Personality. ; Difference (Psychology). ; Population—Economic aspects. ; Education. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: I: Introduction -- Introduction: The Desegregation Situation -- II: School Desegregation in Context -- 1. Structural Constraints in School Desegregation -- 2. School Desegregation and the “National Community” -- III: New Theoretical Directions -- 3. The Micro-Structure of School Desegregation -- 4. A Model for Racial Contact in Schools Ill -- 5. Trait Theory Revisited: A Cognitive Social Learning View of School Desegregation -- IV: A Reconsideration of Methods -- 6. Self-Esteem Research: A Phenomenological Corrective.. -- 7. Schools and Social Structure: An Interactionist Perspective -- Afterword. The Research Agenda: New Directions for Desegregation Studies -- Author Index.
    Abstract: The desegregation situation is the keynote theme of the following chapters. I Each of them touches on a different dimension of the situation: the historical, the temporal, the spatial. But the reader, perusing the essays with the situation in mind, should remember that the desegregation situation should not be inter­ preted literally. Authorities and adults certainly, school-age children probably, are influenced by their awareness of a sequence of past and future situations. Some may even operate with William James's (1890, p. 608) notion of "the specious present" that "has melted in our grasp, fled ere we could touch it, gone in the instant of becoming," thus reducing the potency of the present situation. Others may be dancing to a slower tempo of change, thus becoming more responsive to the present situation. Whatever the perceived tempo, many must share the view that the future may reverse the direction of the past. Some may see that new future direction as unswerving, unending, or long-lasting; others may see it as short-lived. And it is through attention to the phenomenological description of desegregation that these issues can be explored; a theme that is considered in several of the following chapters.
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9781468450590
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (380p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Series Statement: Critical Issues in Social Justice
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 155.2
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Consciousness ; Ethics ; Difference (Psychology). ; Personality. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: I Conflict, Power, and Justice -- 1 Cooperation, Conflict, and Justice -- 2 Justice and Power: An Exchange Analysis -- 3 Justice Considerations in Interpersonal Conflict -- 4 Power and Justice in Intergroup Relations -- II Theoretical Perspectives on Justice -- 5 Justice Ideology and Social Legitimation: A Revised Agenda for Psychological Inquiry -- 6 The Experience of Injustice: Toward a Better Understanding of its Phenomenology -- 7 Thinking about Justice and Dealing with One’s Own Privileges: A Study of Existential Guilt -- 8 Rethinking Equity Theory: A Referent Cognitions Model -- III Norms and Justice -- 9 Social Context and Perceived Justice -- 10 Levels of Interest in the Study of Interpersonal Justice -- 11 The Need Principle of Distributive Justice -- 12 Group Categorization and Distributive Justice Decisions -- 13 Children’s Use of Justice Principles in Allocation Situations: Focus on the Need Principle -- IV Applications of Justice Research -- 14 Two Rotten Apples Spoil the Justice Barrel -- 15 Justice as Fair and Equal Treatment before the Law: The Role of Individual Versus Group Decision Making -- 16 The Psychology of Leadership Evaluation -- 17 When Expectations and Justice Do Not Coincide: Blue-Collar Visions of a Just World -- 18 The Distributive Justice of Organizational Performance Evaluations -- Author Index.
    Abstract: From July 16 through July 21, 1984 a group of American and West German scholars met in Marburg, West Germany to discuss their com­ mon work on the topic of justice in social relations. For over 30 hours they presented papers, raised questions about each other's work, and in so doing plotted a course for future research and theory building on this topic. The participants were asked to present work that represented their most recent state-of-the-science contributions in the area. The con­ tributions to this volume represent refined versions of those presentations-papers that have been improved by the authors' consid­ eration of the comments and reactions of their colleagues. The result, we believe, is a work that represents the cutting edge of scholarly inquiry into the important matter of justice in social relations. To give the participants the freedom to present their ideas in the most appropriate way, we, the conference organizers and the editors of this volume, gave them complete control over the form and substance of their presentations. The resulting diversity is reflected in this book, where the reader will find critical integrative reviews of the literature, reports of research investigations, and statements of theoretical posi­ tions. The chapters are organized with respect to the common themes that emerged in the way the authors addressed the issues of justice in social relations. Each of these themes-conflict and power, theoretical perspectives, norms, and applications-is represented by a part of this book.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781489922335
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 211 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 155.2
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Consciousness ; Personality. ; Difference (Psychology). ; Sociology.
    Abstract: 1 Introduction -- 2 Social Antecedents and Consequences of Self-Referent Cognition -- 3 Social Antecedents and Consequences of Self-Evaluation -- 4 Social Antecedents and Consequences of Self-Feelings -- 5 Nature and Antecedents of Self-Protective-Self-Enhancing Responses -- 6 Toward A General Theory of Self-Referent Behavior -- References -- Author Index.
    Abstract: This book is about human behavior and, more particularly, about a class of human behaviors-those behaviors by people that have themselves as the object of their behaviors. These self-referent behaviors are social in nature in the sense that in large measure, they are the outcomes of pervasive social processes and are themselves major influences on social outcomes. As such, self-referent behaviors have the potential to be sig­ nificant organizing constructs in the study of the broader field of social psychology. In any case, they are regarded here as of intrinsic interest and are the focus of this volume. Four broad categories of self-referent behaviors are considered with regard to their social bases and conse­ quences as these are revealed in the social psychological and sociological literature. With appropriate discriminations made within each group­ ing, the four categories are: self-conceiving, self-evaluating, self-feeling, and self-protective-self-enhancing responses. Following a consideration of the social antecedents and consequences of each category of self­ referent behaviors, I present a final summary statement that outlines a theoretical model of the additive and interactive social influences on and consequences of the mutually influential self-referent behaviors. The outline of the theoretical model reflects my synthesis of the apparently relevant theoretical and empirical literature and is intended to function as a framework for the orderly incorporation of new theoretical asser­ tions and more or less apparently relevant empirical associations.
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781489935113
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 283 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Series Statement: Critical Issues in Social Justice
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 155.2
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Consciousness ; Personality. ; Difference (Psychology). ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Ronald L. Cohen Justice is a central moral standard in social life. It is invoked in judging individual persons and in judging the basic structure of societies. It has been described as akin to a "human hunger or thirst" (Pascal, Pensees, cited in Hirschman, 1982, p. 91), "more powerful than any physical hunger, and endlessly resilient" (Pitkin, 1981, p. 349). The most prominent contemporary theory of justice proceeds from the claim that justice is "the first virtue of social institutions, as truth is systems of thought" (Rawls, 1971, p. 3). However, as the following chapters demonstrate, justice has a complex and controversial history. If, as has been claimed, justice is a central category of human thought and a central aspect of human motivation, can it also be the case that to invoke justice is no more than "banging on the table: an emotional expression which turns one's demand into an absolute postulate" (Ross, 1959, p. 274)? If justice is the first virtue of social institutions, can the concept of social or economic justice at the same time be "entirely empty and meaningless" so that any attempt to employ it is "either thoughtless or fraudulent" (Hayek, 1976, pp. xi-xii)? In a formal sense, justice concerns ensuring that each person receives what she or he is due.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400944985
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (504p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 87
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 87
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Sociology. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Abstract: I. -- Microbiology and Philosophy of Science, Lwów and the German Holocaust: Stations of a Life — Ludwik Fleck 1896–1961 -- II. Ludwik Fleck’s Papers on the Philosophy of Science -- 2.1. Some Specific Features of the Medical Way of Thinking [1927] -- 2.2. On the Crisis of ‘Reality’ [1929] -- 2.3. Scientific Observation and Perception in General [1935] -- 2.4. The Problem of Epistemology [1936] -- 2.5. Problems of the Science of Science [ 1946] -- 2.6. To Look, To See, To Know [1947] -- 2.7. Crisis in Science [unpublished, 1960] -- III. On Ludwik Fleck’s Theory of Knowledge and Science -- 3.1. The Proto-Ideas and Their Aftermath -- 3.2. Polish Philosophy in the Inter-War Period and Ludwik Fleck’s Theory of Thought-Styles and Thought-Collectives -- 3.3. Ludwik Fleck and Polish Philosophy -- 3.4. Lwów as a Cultural and Intellectual Background of the Genesis of Fleck’s Ideas -- 3.5. Ludwik Fleck and the Influence of the Philosophy of Lwów -- 3.6. Ludwik Fleck and the Historical Interpretation of Science -- 3.7. Fleck’s Contribution to Epistemology -- 3.8. Is There a Distinction Between External and Internal Sociology of Science? (Commentary on a Paper of John Ziman) -- 3.9. On Ludwik Fleck’s Use of Social Categories in Knowledge -- 3.10. History of Science and Its Sociological Reconstructions -- 3.11. Some Determinants of Cognitive Style in Science -- 3.12. Some Comments on Fleck’s Interpretation of the Bordet-Wassermann Reaction in View of Present Biochemical Knowledge -- 3.13. Fleck’s Style -- 3.14. The Epistemology of the Science of an Epistemologist of the Sciences: Ludwik Fleck’s Professional Outlook and its Relationships to his Philosophical Works -- IV. -- Bibliography Of Ludwik Fleck -- Name Index.
    Abstract: Within the last ten years, the interest of historians and philosophers of science in the epistemological writings of the Polish medical microbiologist Ludwik Fleck (1896-1961), who had up to then been almost completely unknown, has advanced with great strides. His main writings on epistemological questions were published in the mid-1930's, but they remained almost unnoticed. Today, however, one may rightly call Fleck a 'classical' figure both of episte­ mology and of the historical sociology of science, one whose works are comparable with Popper's Logic of Scientific Discovery or Merton's pioneer­ ing study of the relations among economics, Puritanism, and natural science, both also originally published in the mid-1930's. The story of this book of 'materials on Ludwik Fleck' is also the story of the reception of Ludwik Fleck. In this volume, some essential materials which have been produced by that reception have been gathered together. We will sketch both the reception and the materials.
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789400945661
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 95
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 95
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Metamorphoses of the Scientist in Utopia -- Metamorphoses of the Scientist in Utopia: A Comment -- The Third Force in Seventeenth-Century Thought: Skepticism, Science and Millenarianism -- The Third Force in Seventeenth-Century Thought: A Comment -- Restricted and Inclusive Historical Materialism -- Restricted and Inclusive Historical Materialism: A Comment -- Practical Reasoning -- Practical Reasoning — The Bottom Line: A Comment -- Medicine and the Boer War: Social and Political Consequences -- Medicine and the Boer War: A Comment -- Koch’s Bacillus: Was There a Technological Fix? -- Koch’s Bacillus: A Comment -- Can Genetics Explain Development? -- Eddington Centennial Symposium -- Opening Remarks -- The Nature of the Physical World Revisited -- Eddington and the Large Numbers -- The Fine-Structure Constant: From Eddington’s Time to Our Own -- Eddington and Einstein.
    Abstract: This is the second volume of Proceedings of the Israel Colloquium for the History, Philosophy and Sociology of Science. At the time that this preface is being written, the fourth annual series of lectures within the framework of the Israel Colloquium is already behind us and the fifth is underway. The Israel Colloquium thus has now not only a future to look forward to but also a past which is a source ,of pride and pleasure for those who take part in this venture. The Israel Colloquium has, I believe, struck roots in the Israeli scientific and intellectual life, while drawing on the ever-increasing readiness of the international scientific and intellectual community for continuous support. As in the first volume, here too the papers presented, taken together, attempt a threefold representation of science and of the scientific activity: the historical, the social, and the systematic. A novel focal point in this volume is the treatment of some case studies illuminating historical, social, and philosophical aspects of medicine. Another center of gravity here is the Eddington Centennial Symposium which was a main event in the Collo­ quium activity of the 1982-83 series. This is a fitting place for me to report with sorrow the untimely death in the summer of 1984 of Solly G. Cohen, one of Israel's leading scientists, who is among the contributors to this volume.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781489920409
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 225 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Linguistics ; Archaeology ; Language and languages—Style. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: The Standard Theory -- Everyday Explanation -- The Failure of Common Sense -- Representations of Internal States -- Meaning -- Good Reasons -- Norms and Rules -- The Discursive Approach.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400945746
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 96
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 96
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Anthropology ; Philosophy. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: I: On the Paradigm of Language: Positivism and Hermeneutics as Theories of Objectivation -- II: On the Paradigm of Production: Marxian Materialism and the Problem of the Constitution of the Social World -- 1. On the Meaning of Marx’s Materialism -- 2. Consumption as an Intrinsic Moment of Productive Activity -- 3. Reification and the Antinomies of Its Overcoming -- 4. Production Versus Communication: Paradigm-Change in Radical Theory -- 5. On the Possibility of Critical Theory -- Appendix I: Four Forms of Critical Theory — Some Theses on Marx’s Development -- Appendix II: Marx and the Problem of Technology -- Notes -- Name Index.
    Abstract: In Language and Production, Gyorgy Markus presents us with a pro­ found critique of contemporary social theory: of the philosophy and methodology of the social sciences; of the philosophy of language; of hermeneutics and critical theory; and finally, of Marx and of Marxisms. The sweep of Markus' project is complemented by the extraordinary detail of his analysis and the elaborately developed argument which gives the work its clear logical structure: it is a dialectical work. Markus begins with a critique of the paradigm of language and of that scientific ra­ tionality modeled on language, as frameworks for the understanding of social reality, and for a rational 'science of society' . After revealing what he takes to be the essential failure of that paradigm in its positivist ver­ sion (in the work of Sir Karl Popper, who, he argues, remains within the positivist framework despite his differences with other positivists) - Markus examines the alternative interpretations of that paradigm in the hermeneutic tradition from Dilthey through Heidegger and Gadamer, and then in the structural anthropology of Claude Levi-Strauss and in the philosophy of language of Ludwig Wittgenstein. In all of these approaches, Markus sees a systematic flaw in the at­ tempt to frame human action as one or another form of linguistic prac­ tice, or even to read human self-constitution as essentially linguistic.
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9781468475685
    Language: English
    Pages: xxiii, 262 Seiten
    Edition: Online-Ausgabe [Boston, MA] Springer 1986 1 Online-Ressource Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Series Statement: Perspectives in social psychology
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von The dilemma of difference
    DDC: 155.2
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Consciousness ; Personality. ; Difference (Psychology). ; Sociology. ; Soziale Interaktion ; Stress ; Stigmatisierung ; Krankheitsverhalten ; Kriminalität ; Stigmatisierung ; Sozialpsychologie
    Abstract: 1: Stigma Reconsidered -- Social Science Contributions and Dilemmas in the Study of Stigma -- Stigma as a Social Construct -- The Impact of Stigma on the Individual -- Limitations on Conceptual and Analytic Categories -- Disciplinary Limits to Theory Building -- Developing a Multidisciplinary Approach -- I. Stigma and Social Marginality -- 2: Stigma, Justice and the Dilemma of Difference -- 3: Stigma as a Social and Cultural Construct -- 4: Stigma and Western Culture: A Historical Approach -- 5: Stigma, Deviance, and Social Control: Some Conceptual Issues -- II. The Stigmatizing Process -- 6: Stigma and the Dynamics of Social Cognition -- 7: Stigma and Interpersonal Relations -- 8: Stigma: A Social Learning Perspective -- 9: Family Experience of Stigma in Childhood Cancer -- 10: Stigmatization in Childhood: A Survey of Developmental Trends and Issues -- III. Stigma, Continuity, and Change -- 11: Stigma: An Enigma Demystified -- References.
    Abstract: The topic of stigma came to the attention of modern-day behav­ ioral science in 1963 through Erving Goffman's book with the engaging title, Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. Following its publication, scholars in such fields as an­ thropology, clinical psychology, social psychology, sociology, and history began to study the important role of stigma in human interaction. Beginning in the early 1960s and continuing to the present day, a body of research literature has emerged to extend, elaborate, and qualify Goffman's original ideas. The essays pre­ sented in this volume are the outgrowth of these developments and represent an attempt to add impetus to theory and research in this area. Much of the stigma research that has been conducted since 1963 has sought to test one or another of Goffman's notions about the effects of stigma on social interactions and the self. Social and clinical psychologists have tried to experimentally create a number of the effects that Goffman asserted stigmas have on ordinary social interactions, and sociologists have looked for eVidence of the same in survey and observational studies of stig­ matized people in situations of everyday life. By 1980, a consider­ able body of empirical evidence had been amassed about social stigmas and the devastating effects they can have on social interactions.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 233-256
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  • 50
    ISBN: 9789400946743
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (416p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 183
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: Introduction: Chaim Perelman’s Address at the Ohio State University -- I: Argument -- The Changing Strategies of Argumentation from Ancient to Modern Times -- Implications of Perelman’s Theory of Argumentation for Theory of Persuasion -- Arguing: The Art of Being Human -- An Axiological Analysis of Chaim Perelman’s Theory of Practical Reasoning -- Judging the Quality of Audiences and Narrative Rationality -- Mecum meditari: Demolishing Doubt, Building a Prayer -- Problematology and Rhetoric -- II: Justice -- Justice and Justification in the New Rhetoric -- The Rational and the Reasonable: Dialectic or Parallel Systems? -- Pragmatic Justification and Perelman’s Philosophical Rhetoric -- The Evolution of Judicial Justification: Perelman’s Concept of the Rational and the Reasonable -- Perelman and the Philosophy of Law -- III: Social Application -- Reason and Rhetorical Practice: The Inventional Agenda of Chaim Perelman -- The Universal Audience Revisited -- The Contemporary Emergence of the Jurisprudential Model: Perelman in the Information Age -- Perelman on Justice and Political Institutions -- Social Ontology and Responsive Law -- The Teflon President: The Relevance of Chaim Perelman’s Formulations for the Study of Political Communication -- The Concrete-Universal: A Social Science Foundation for the New Rhetoric -- About the Contributors -- About the Editors -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Abstract: This anthology of original essays has been nearly .two and one-half years in the making, and reflects the generous effort of many persons. To begin with, we thank the contributors to the volume, who not only cooperated with regards to their own works, but who also provided valuable advice concerning the over-all volume. One of the contributors was outstanding in his assistance and warrants special mention: we thank Professor Michel Meyer, for his encouragement, counsel, and dedication to see this project to comple­ tion. We would also like to thank Professor Jaakko Hintikka for his encouragement and Mrs. Kuipers of Reidel for her patience and under­ standing along the way. A project such as this could never have been completed without the unique assistance of members of the Department of Communication, Ohio State University: Ms. Kimberly Pasi and Mr. Charles Mawhirtcr. Also, special thanks are due to our graduate research assistant Ms. Susan Jasko, for her proofreading and bibliographic work. The pressures of developing a Festschrift are considerable and could not have been met without the cooperation and enthusiasm of Mrs. Perelman, especially in allowing us to publish Professor Perelman's address to Ohio State University as our introduction.
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  • 51
    ISBN: 9781489905512
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 491 p) , digital
    Edition: Fifth Edition
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Series Statement: Environment, Development, and Public Policy, Public Policy and Social Services
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 155.2
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Consciousness ; Archaeology ; Difference (Psychology). ; Personality. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: I: Causes and Consequences of Prejudice and Discrimination -- 1: Types of Majority-Minority Situations -- 2: The Meaning of Race -- 3. Discrimination and Prejudice as Weapons in Group Conflict -- 4. The Individual Sources of Discrimination and Prejudice -- 5. The Cultural Factor in Prejudice and Discrimination -- 6. The Consequences of Prejudice and Discrimination: The Responses of Minority-Group Members -- 7. Types of Response to Prejudice and Discrimination -- 8. The Consequences of Prejudice and Discrimination for Prejudiced Persons and Dominant Groups -- II: Minorities in the Social Structure: The Institutional Patterns of Intergroup Relations -- 9. Minorities in the Economy of the United States -- 10. Minorities in the Economy of the United States (Continued) -- 11. Racial and Cultural Minorities and the American Political and Legal Processes -- 12. Minorities and the American Political and Legal Processes (Continued) -- 13. Minority Family Patterns and Intermarriage -- 14. Minority-Majority Relations and Religion -- 15. The Education of Racial and Cultural Minorities in the United States -- 16. The Education of Racial and Cultural Minorities in the United States (Continued) -- III: Prejudice, Discrimination, and Democratic Values -- 17. The Reduction of Prejudice and Discrimination: Changing the Prejudiced Person -- 18. The Reduction of Prejudice and Discrimination: Strategies with Major Emphasis on Changing Situations -- Author Index.
    Abstract: We need scarcely note that the topic of this book is the stuff of headlines. Around the world, political, economic, educational, military, religious, and social relations of every variety have a racial or ethnic component. One cannot begin to understand the history or contemporary situation of the United States, the Soviet Union, China, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Great Britain, Lebanon, Mexico, Canada-indeed, almost any land-without careful attention to the influence of cultural and racial divisions. Preparation of this new edition has brought a strong sense of deja vu, with regard both to the persistence of old patterns of discrimination, even if in new guises, and also to the persistence of limited and constraining explanations. We have also found, however, rich new empirical studies, new theoretical perspectives, and greatly expanded activity and analyses from members of minority groups. Although this edition is an extensive revision, with reference both to the data used and the theoretical approaches examined, we have not shifted from our basically analytical perspective. We strongly support efforts to reduce discrimination and prejudice; but these can be successful only if we try to understand where we are and what forces are creating the existing situation. We hope to reduce the tendency to use declarations and condem­ nations of other persons' actions as substitutes for an investigation of their causes and consequences.
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781461323938
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (262p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 155.2
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Population ; Economics ; Consciousness ; Social sciences ; Difference (Psychology). ; Business. ; Management science. ; Political science. ; Population—Economic aspects. ; Sociology. ; Personality.
    Abstract: 1. Conceptualizing the Division of Household Labor -- Who Does What: Some Empirical Generalizations -- Traditional Conceptual Frameworks: Two Examples -- The New Home Economics: Reluctant Materialism -- An Overview of the Analysis -- 2. Measuring Household and Market Labors -- and Background -- The Measurement of Household Labor -- The Measurement of Market Labor Time -- Household and Market Work: Endogenous Variables -- 3. Sample Characteristics and Initial Description -- The Sample -- Household Members’ Market Time and Household Labor -- Additional Measures of the Division of Labor -- Conclusions -- 4. The Household “Pie”: Market Time Household Tasks, and Household Time -- Describing the Household “Pie” -- Model Specification -- Model 1: Market Time and Household Tasks -- Model 2: The Minutes per day of Market and Household Labor -- Overview and Conclusions: The Household “Pie” -- 5. Dividing It Up: The Mechanisms of Asymmetry -- The Model -- Slicing the “Pie” -- Conclusiond: a “Gendered” Allocation System -- 6. Wives’ Time: Another View -- A Partial Model -- Findings and Discussion -- Conclusions and Speculations -- 7. Conclusions: Work and Gender -- and Reprise -- Managing the Division of Labor: Consensus and Equity -- The Structures of Household Labor -- Mechanisms of Choice and Constraint -- A Final Note on Change -- References -- Appendix A: Diary Instructions -- Appendix B: Household Work Study -- Appendix C: Content of Household Work-Tasks Codes -- Appendix D: Household Activities Sorted by Husbands in Order of Accomplishment.
    Abstract: tion addressed by this analysis centers on the reciprocal relation between 1 household domestic and market work efforts. It should be obvious by now that this chapter is not concerned ex­ plicitly with the contributions of individual members to household or mar­ ket activity, nor does it examine the mechanisms by which work tasks or time is apportioned among them. To reiterate, households per se are the unit of analysis; the division of labor within, with respect to either household or market activities, is ignored. In this chapter, one must pre­ tend that the social relations within the household productive unit, which critically shape both the nature of work and its allocation, are hidden from view. To return to the earlier metaphor, households establish a to­ tal household "pie," made up of all the market and domestic chores that they will undertake and the time required for them. Only after that "pie" is created can it be sliced and the pieces doled out to individual members. 2 The household and market pie defined and described here can be roughly conceptualized as the total productive capacity of the household, or as the result of a pooling of individual talents and resources. Indeed, were a measure of the time available for leisure incorporated into the measure of the pie, the household's full income (budget) constraint (i. e. , the total productive potential of the household) could be described.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Conceptualizing the Division of Household LaborWho Does What: Some Empirical Generalizations -- Traditional Conceptual Frameworks: Two Examples -- The New Home Economics: Reluctant Materialism -- An Overview of the Analysis -- 2. Measuring Household and Market Labors -- and Background -- The Measurement of Household Labor -- The Measurement of Market Labor Time -- Household and Market Work: Endogenous Variables -- 3. Sample Characteristics and Initial Description -- The Sample -- Household Members’ Market Time and Household Labor -- Additional Measures of the Division of Labor -- Conclusions -- 4. The Household “Pie”: Market Time Household Tasks, and Household Time -- Describing the Household “Pie” -- Model Specification -- Model 1: Market Time and Household Tasks -- Model 2: The Minutes per day of Market and Household Labor -- Overview and Conclusions: The Household “Pie” -- 5. Dividing It Up: The Mechanisms of Asymmetry -- The Model -- Slicing the “Pie” -- Conclusiond: a “Gendered” Allocation System -- 6. Wives’ Time: Another View -- A Partial Model -- Findings and Discussion -- Conclusions and Speculations -- 7. Conclusions: Work and Gender -- and Reprise -- Managing the Division of Labor: Consensus and Equity -- The Structures of Household Labor -- Mechanisms of Choice and Constraint -- A Final Note on Change -- References -- Appendix A: Diary Instructions -- Appendix B: Household Work Study -- Appendix C: Content of Household Work-Tasks Codes -- Appendix D: Household Activities Sorted by Husbands in Order of Accomplishment.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781489922717
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 371 p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Behavioral Science
    Series Statement: Perspectives in Social Psychology
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 155.2
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Consciousness ; Personality. ; Difference (Psychology). ; Positive psychology. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: I: Background -- 1. An Introduction -- 2. Conceptualizations of Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination -- II: Self-Determination Theory -- 3. Cognitive Evaluation Theory: Perceived Causality and Perceived Competence -- 4. Cognitive Evaluation Theory: Interpersonal Communication and Intrapersonal Regulation -- 5. Toward an Organismic Integration Theory: Motivation and Development -- 6. Causality Orientations Theory: Personality Influences on Motivation -- III: Alternative Approaches -- 7. Operant and Attributional Theories -- 8. Information-Processing Theories -- IV: Applications and Implications -- 9. Education -- 10. Psychotherapy -- 11. Work -- 12. Sports -- References -- Author Index.
    Abstract: Early in this century, most empirically oriented psychologists believed that all motivation was based in the physiology of a set of non-nervous­ system tissue needs. The theories of that era reflected this belief and used it in an attempt to explain an increasing number of phenomena. It was not until the 1950s that it became irrefutably clear that much of human motivation is based not in these drives, but rather in a set of innate psychological needs. Their physiological basis is less understood; and as concepts, these needs lend themselves more easily to psycho­ logical than to physiological theorizing. The convergence of evidence from a variety of scholarly efforts suggests that there are three such needs: self-determination, competence, and interpersonal relatedness. This book is primarily about self-determination and competence (with particular emphasis on the former), and about the processes and structures that relate to these needs. The need for interpersonal relat­ edness, while no less important, remains to be explored, and the findings from those explorations will need to be integrated with the present theory to develop a broad, organismic theory of human motivation. Thus far, we have articulated self-determination theory, which is offered as a working theory-a theory in the making. To stimulate the research that will allow it to evolve further, we have stated self-determination theory in the form of minitheories that relate to more circumscribed domains, and we have developed paradigms for testing predictions from the various minitheories.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer
    ISBN: 9781468449853
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (262p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Law, Society, and Policy 2
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Education ; Criminology ; Sociology. ; Political science.
    Abstract: 1. The Problem of School Disorder -- How Much Violence Is There? -- The Imperative to Do Better -- Previous Research and Advice -- 2. Scope of the Research -- An Organizational Perspective -- Speculations about Origins of School Disorder -- The Approach to the Research -- 3. Overview of the Data, Plan, and Methods -- Data -- Plan -- School Disorder -- Methods-General Overview -- Level of Analysis -- Special Problems Associated with Aggregated Data -- Use of Rates in Aggregate Data -- Alternative Measurement and Causal Models -- 4. The Measurment of School Disorder -- Technical Note on the Measurement of Victimization -- 5. The Community Context -- Research Traditions in Social Ecology -- Critiques of the Ecological Traditions -- Implications -- The Development of Community Measures -- 6. Demographic and Social Composition -- Comments and Cautions -- Strength of Association -- 7. School Size, Staffing, and Resources -- 8. School Climate and Administration -- Principal and Teacher Attitudes -- School Governance and Sanctioning Practices -- School Social and Educational Climate -- Social Climate and School Disruption -- 9. School Security and Disruption -- 10. School Contributions to School Disorder -- Teacher Victimizations -- Student Victimizations -- Influences Beyond the School’s Control -- Limitations -- 11. Alternative Models of School Disorder -- Measurement Models -- Combining Structural and Measurement Models -- Models of Teacher Victimization -- Models of Student Victimization -- The Need for Better Measures -- Implications of the Models -- 12. Advice for Policymakers -- Promising Strategies -- Learning to Do Better -- A Policymaker’s Guide -- 13. Some Speculations and Extensions -- We Have Chronic Problems of Discipline in Some Schools-Not an Acute National Crisis -- Should We Establish Policies to Remove Troublemakers from Schools? -- Holding Schools Accountable for Safe Environments -- Broadening the Scope of Educational Assessment -- Will Creating More Orderly Schools Cost Money? -- Appendix A: Student and Teacher Questionnaires -- Appendix B: Item Content of the Scales -- References -- Author Index.
    Abstract: The perception that our nation's public schools are disorderly and unsafe is widespread, and the image of the public school is deteriorating. Since 1974, the Gallup organization has gathered opinions about the public schools. The percentage giving the schools an "A" rating declined from 18% to 6% between 1974 and 1983 (Gallup, 1974, 1984). In a recent survey of America's teenagers, only 9% gave the schools an "A" rating (Bahner, 1980, p. 106). Lack of discipline tops the list of the problems adults see facing schools, and class disturbances and theft are reported by teenagers to be "very big" or "fairly big" problems in their schools (Bahner, 1980, p. 107). These public perceptions are fostered by and reflected in national media attention ("City Schools in Crisis," 1977; "Help! Teacher Can't Teach!" 1980; "High Schools under Fire," 1977). Public concern is also reflected in Congressional hearings where testimony creates the image of grave disorder within our schools (U.s. Senate, Committee on the Judiciary, 1975, 1976b; U.s. House of Representatives, Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education, 1980). The public has given the schools low marks, and the Senate Judiciary Committee (1975) gave the schools an" A" in violence and vandalism. In short, parents, students, and public officials are alarmed at what they see as a rising tide of violence and disorder in the schools and are concerned about how much learning can occur in a disruptive environ­ ment, and about the safety of teachers and students.
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  • 55
    ISBN: 9789400954960
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 94
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 94
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Sociology.
    Abstract: On the Empirical Application of Mathematics and Some of its Philosophical Aspects -- On the Empirical Application of Mathematics: A Comment -- Meaning and Our Mental Life -- Meaning and Our Mental Life: A Comment -- The Persecution of Absolutes: On the Kantian and Neo-Kantian Theories of Science -- Origin and Spontaneity: A Comment -- Cognitive Illusions in Judgment and Choice -- The Past of an Illusion: A Comment -- Molecular Genetics and the Falsifiability of Evolution -- On Experimental Approaches and Evolution: A Comment -- Darwin’s Principle of Divergence as Internal Dialogue -- On Darwin’s Principle of Divergence: A Comment -- Molecular versus Biological Evolution and Programming -- Gamow’s Theory of Alpha-Decay -- On Gamow’s Theory of Alpha-Decay: A Comment -- The Group Construction of Scientific Knowledge: Gentlemen-Specialists and the Devonian Controversy -- On the Devonian Controversy: A Comment -- Knowledge and Power in the Sciences -- Knowledge and Power in the Sciences: A Comment -- Index of Names.
    Abstract: This collection is the first proceedings volume of the lectures delivered within the framework of the Israel Colloquium for the History, Philosophy and Sociology of Science, in its year of inauguration 1981-82. It thus marks the beginning of a new venture. Rather than attempting to express an ideology of the l}nity of science, this collection in fact aims at presenting a kaleidoscopic picture of the variety of views about science and within science. Three main disciplines come together in this volume. The first of scientists, the second of historians and sociologists of science, the third of philosophers interested in science. The scientists try to present the scientific body of knowledge in areas where the scientific adventure kindles the imagination of the culture of our time. At the same of course, they register their own reflections on the nature of this body time, of knowledge and on its likely course of future development. For the historians and sociologists, in contrast, science is there to be studied diachronically, as a process, on the one hand, and synchronically, as a social institution, on the other. As for the phil9sophers, finally, their contribution to this series is not meant to remain within the confines of what is usually seen as the philosophy of science proper, or to be limited to the analysis of the scientific mode of reasoning and thinking: it is allowed, indeed encouraged, to encompass alter­ native, and on occasion even competing, modes of thought.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400954243
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (544p) , digital
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 93
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 93
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Anthropology ; Sociology. ; Philosophy.
    Abstract: I: Problems and Theories in the Social Sciences -- I.1. Objectivism Versus Relativism -- 1 / The Notion of a Social Science -- 2 / Social Perception and Social Change -- 3 / Realism and the Supposed Poverty of Sociological Theories -- 4 / Rationality and Relativism -- 5 / Popper on the Difference between the Natural and the Social Sciences -- I.2. Philosophy of Anthropology -- 6 / The Emergence of Social Anthropology from Philosophy -- 7 / On Theories of Fieldwork and the Scientific Character of Social Anthropology -- 8 / Limits to Functionalism and Alternatives to It in Anthropology -- 9 / On the Objectivity of Anthropology -- 10 / The Problem of Ethical Integrity in Participant Observation -- 11 / Anthropology as Science and the Anthropology of Science and of Anthropology -- 12 / Epistle to the Anthropologists -- 13 / On the Limits of Symbolic Interpretation in Anthropology -- 14 / The Problem of the Ethnographic Real -- 15 / Anthropologists and the Irrational -- 16 / Freeman on Mead -- II: Applications and Implications -- II.1 Society and the Arts -- 17 / The Objectivity of Criticism of the Arts -- 18 / The Rationality of Creativity -- II.2. Society and Technology -- 19 / Technology and the Structure of Knowledge -- 20 / The Social Character of Technological Problems -- 21 / Is Technology Unnatural? -- 22 / Utopia and the Architect -- II.3. Society and social control -- 23 / Nationalism and the Social Sciences -- 24 / Explorations in the Social Career of Movies: Business and Religion -- 25 / Methodological and Conceptual Problems in the Study of Pornography and Violence -- Sources -- List of Publications -- Indexes.
    Abstract: I. C. Jarvie was trained as a social anthropologist in the center of British social anthropology - the London School of Economics, where Bronislaw Malinowski was the object of ancestor worship. Jarvie's doctorate was in philosophy, however, under the guidance of Karl Popper and John Watkins. He changed his department not as a defector but as a rebel, attempting to exorcize the ancestral spirit. He criticized the method of participant obser­ vation not as useless but as not comprehensive: it is neither necessary nor sufficient for the making of certain contributions to anthropology; rather, it all depends on the problem-situation. And so Jarvie remained an anthro­ pologist at heart, who, in addition to some studies in rather conventional anthropological or sociological molds, also studied the tribe of social scien­ tists, but also critically examining their problems - especially their overall, rather philosophical problems, but not always so: a few of the studies in­ cluded in this volume exemplify his work on specific issues, whether of technology, or architecture, or nationalism in the academy, or moviemaking, or even movies exhibiting excessive sex and violence. These studies attract his attention both on account of their own merit and on account of their need for new and powerful research tools, such as those which he has forged in his own intellectual workshop over the last two decades.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boston, MA : Springer US
    ISBN: 9781489960863
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (311 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400951419
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 245 p) , online resource
    Edition: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Keywords: Social sciences ; Sociology.
    Abstract: I: Context -- Foreword -- Social support networks: a literature study -- II: Addresses -- From welfare state to caring society?: the promise of informal support networks -- Combining lay and professional resources to promote human welfare: prospects and tensions -- Economic developments in social security and welfare programmes: the Dutch case -- The significance of the built environment: how to develop new construction designs that could play a part in creating a more caring society -- Social policy and social care: divisions of responsibility -- III: Selected Papers -- Suitable cases for treatment? Couples seeking help for marital difficulties -- The social services as “network organizers” -- Supporting the informal carers -- Conflicts as property: fear of crime, criminal justice and the caring community -- Problems and possibilities in informal care for the impaired elderly -- Community care capacity: a view from Israel -- Mediating structures and the linkage of social care and individual responsibility -- The eighth decade: family structure and support networks in the community -- Supportive relationships and loneliness: suggestions for the improvement of support networks as guidelines for research and policy -- IV: Conclusions -- Conference recommendations -- V: Appendices -- Appendix A: Conference participants -- Appendix B: Papers presented.
    Abstract: The historic Binnenhof, seat of the Dutch government in The Hague, provided the setting (January 1985) for a conference in which participants from eleven countries met to consider the theme: Support networks in a caring community: research and policy, fact and fiction. At the outset, conference leadership - provided by Professors J.M.L. Jonker (The Netherlands) and R.A.B. Leaper (United Kingdom) urged the conferees not to allow their enthusiasm for informal support networks to combine with the pervasive awareness of the failures of welfare states into a simplistic stance of advocacy, with a consequent appeal to politicians to direct state funds accordingly. Legitimate criticisms of the responses of welfare states to the needs of citizens were to be seen as the context for discussion, not the substance of conference deliberations. More specifically, if it is now apparent to many people that governmental assistance of individuals with social needs can lead to an undesirable dependency on the part of increasingly passive citizens, that awareness does not lend logical support to an ideological position that governmental expenditures are pern~c~ous per se - to be replaced as rapidly as possible by a return to reliance on self, family, friends and associations that are developed voluntarily and financed by those who are sufficiently interested.
    Description / Table of Contents: I: ContextForeword -- Social support networks: a literature study -- II: Addresses -- From welfare state to caring society?: the promise of informal support networks -- Combining lay and professional resources to promote human welfare: prospects and tensions -- Economic developments in social security and welfare programmes: the Dutch case -- The significance of the built environment: how to develop new construction designs that could play a part in creating a more caring society -- Social policy and social care: divisions of responsibility -- III: Selected Papers -- Suitable cases for treatment? Couples seeking help for marital difficulties -- The social services as “network organizers” -- Supporting the informal carers -- Conflicts as property: fear of crime, criminal justice and the caring community -- Problems and possibilities in informal care for the impaired elderly -- Community care capacity: a view from Israel -- Mediating structures and the linkage of social care and individual responsibility -- The eighth decade: family structure and support networks in the community -- Supportive relationships and loneliness: suggestions for the improvement of support networks as guidelines for research and policy -- IV: Conclusions -- Conference recommendations -- V: Appendices -- Appendix A: Conference participants -- Appendix B: Papers presented.
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