Ihre E-Mail wurde erfolgreich gesendet. Bitte prüfen Sie Ihren Maileingang.

Leider ist ein Fehler beim E-Mail-Versand aufgetreten. Bitte versuchen Sie es erneut.

Vorgang fortführen?

Exportieren
Filter
  • Online-Ressource  (70)
  • Englisch  (70)
  • Portugiesisch  (1)
  • Französisch
  • Kroatisch
  • Ungarisch
  • Norwegisch
  • Russisch
  • Schwedisch
  • 2025-2025  (10)
  • 1990-1994  (23)
  • 1980-1984  (55)
  • 1950-1954  (1)
  • 1945-1949  (1)
  • 1990  (23)
  • 1983  (38)
  • 1981  (25)
  • Dordrecht : Springer  (52)
  • Cambridge : Cambridge University Press  (18)
  • Science Philosophy  (52)
  • Großbritannien
  • Kroatisch
  • Online-Ressource
  • Zeitschrift
Datenlieferant
Materialart
Sprache
  • Englisch  (70)
  • Portugiesisch  (1)
  • Französisch
  • Kroatisch
  • Ungarisch
  • +
Erscheinungszeitraum
Jahr
  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Leiden [u.a.] : Brill | Cambridge : Cambridge University Press ; 1.1968 -
    Dazugehörige Bände/Artikel
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Levitton, Pa. [u.a.] : Carfax Publ. | Philadelphia, Pa. : Taylor & Francis Group ; 1.1972/73 -
    ISSN: 1465-3923 , 0090-5992
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1972/73 -
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Nationalities papers
    DDC: 390
    Schlagwort(e): Nationale Minderheit ; Nationalitätenfrage ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Nachfolgestaaten ; Ethnische Gruppe ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Nationale Minderheit ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Nationale Minderheit ; Nationalitätenfrage ; Zeitschrift ; Sowjetunion ; Sowjetunion ; Osteuropa ; Sowjetunion ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Sowjetunion ; Nationale Minderheit ; Nationalitätenfrage ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Sowjetunion ; Nachfolgestaaten ; Ethnische Gruppe ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Osteuropa ; Nationale Minderheit ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Sowjetunion ; Nationale Minderheit ; Nationalitätenfrage ; Zeitschrift
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 12.05.21 , Urh. anfangs: Association for the Study of the Nationalities (USSR and East Europe)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Austin, Tex. | Pittsburgh, Pa. : LASA ; 1.1965 -
    ISSN: 1542-4278 , 0023-8791
    Sprache: Englisch , Spanisch , Portugiesisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1965 -
    Suppl.: Auch in Prisma
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Latin American research review
    DDC: 390
    Schlagwort(e): Lateinamerika ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Graue Literatur ; Zeitschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Zeitschrift ; Lateinamerika ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Anmerkung: Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Fortsetzung der Druck-Ausgabe , Gesehen am 14.04.2022
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 4
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | [Wechselnde Verlagsorte] | London [u.a.] : Carfax | Colchester : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group ; 1.1967/68 -
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 5
    ISSN: 2325-7784 , 0037-6779 , 0037-6779
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 20.1961,3 -
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Slavic review
    Vorheriger Titel: Vorg. The American Slavic and East European review
    Vorheriger Titel: American quarterly of Soviet and East European studies
    Vorheriger Titel: American quarterly of Russian, Eurasian and East European studies
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitschrift
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 19.06.2024 , Fortsetzung der Druck-Ausgabe , Beteil. Körp. bis 2010,2: American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 6
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Washington, DC : Society for American Archaeology ; 1.1990 -
    ISSN: 2325-5080 , 1045-6635
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1990 -
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. Latin American antiquity
    DDC: 930
    Schlagwort(e): Altamerika ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Altamerika ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Publikation
    Anmerkung: Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Gesehen am 28.03.2017
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 7
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Washington, DC : Society for American Archaeology ; 1.1935 -
    ISSN: 2325-5064 , 0002-7316 , 0002-7316
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 1.1935 -
    Suppl.: 18,3,2=9; 20,4,2=10; 22,2,3=12; 22,4,2=13; 23,2,2=14; 23,4,2=15; 24,4,2=16; 26,3,2=17 u.a. von Society for American Archaeology Memoirs of the Society for American Archaeology Salt Lake City, Utah [u.a.] : Soc., 1941
    Paralleltitel: Druckausg. American antiquity
    DDC: 930
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Amerika ; Archäologie
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 02.03.2017
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 8
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    New Brunswick, NJ : ASA | Cambridge : Cambridge University Press ; Volume 14, no. 1 (January/March 1981)-
    ISSN: 1942-4949 , 0278-2219
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: Volume 14, no. 1 (January/March 1981)-
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als African Studies Association ASA news
    Vorheriger Titel: Fortsetzung von African studies newsletter
    DDC: 910
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 23.06.2023 , Fortsetzung der Druck-Ausgabe
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 9
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press | Chicago, IL : Univ. of Chicago Press | Oxford [u.a.] : Blackwell Publ. | Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell ; 13.1988 -
    ISSN: 1747-4469 , 0897-6546 , 0897-6546
    Sprache: Englisch
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 13.1988 -
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als Law & social inquiry
    Vorheriger Titel: Vorg. American Bar Foundation Research journal
    DDC: 340
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitschrift ; USA ; Rechtssoziologie
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 10
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Durham, NC : Duke University Press | Cambridge : Cambridge University Press ; 16.1956 -
    ISSN: 1752-0401 , 0021-9118 , 0021-9118
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource
    Erscheinungsverlauf: 16.1956 -
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als The journal of Asian studies
    Vorheriger Titel: Vorg The Far Eastern quarterly
    DDC: 910
    Schlagwort(e): Zeitschrift ; Asien ; Kultur ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource ; Asien ; Zeitschrift ; Online-Ressource
    Anmerkung: Gesehen am 06.12.2023
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 11
    ISBN: 9789400920798
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (688p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 124
    DDC: 530.01
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Science Philosophy ; History
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 12
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401736497
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 460 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: La philosophie contemporaine / Contemporary philosophy, Chroniques nouvelles / A new survey 6
    Serie: Contemporary Philosophy: A New Survey 6
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Science—Philosophy. ; Religion.
    Kurzfassung: Contents/Table des matières/Inhalt -- Philosophy in the Byzantine Empire -- La philosophie grecque de 415 à 750 -- Die byzantinische Philosophie -- Islamic and Jewish Philosophy -- Die arabisch-islamische Philosophie des Mittelalters -- La Philosophie juive -- Medieval Jewish Philosophy -- Sufism in Modern Research -- The Latin Translations -- L’Aristote Latin -- Traductions latines des texts philosophiques arabes -- Language, Logic and Science -- Grammar -- Grammaire -- Logic -- Research in early Medieval Logic -- La lexicographie -- Political Theory -- Politische Theorien -- Medieval Philosophy in East Asia -- The Study of Medieval Philosophy in Japan -- Women’s Studies -- Women’s Studies of the Christian Tradition -- Études relatives aux femmes et à leur rôle dans les cultures musulmanes du Vile and XVe siècles -- Index of names and subjects.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 13
    ISBN: 9789400920576
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (300p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 8
    Serie: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 8
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Natural Philosophy, Experiment and Discourse in the 18th Century -- The Force and Reason of Experiment -- The Dynamometer and the Diemenese -- Humphry Davy and the ‘Lever of Experiment’ -- The Nine Lives of Gregor Mendel -- Manipulable Systems and Laboratory Strategies in a Biomedical Research Institute -- Experiment and the Molecularity of Meaning -- Openness and Closure: On the Goals of Scientific Practice -- Is a Picture Worth a Thousand Experiments? -- Notes on Contributors.
    Kurzfassung: The institutionalization of History and Philosophy of Science as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour began comparatively early -- though not always under that name -- in the Australasian region. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University of Melbourne imme­ diately after the Second World War, in 1946, and other appointments followed as the subject underwent an expansion during the 1950s and 1960s similar to that which took place in other parts of the world. Today there are major Departments at the University of Melbourne, the University of New South Wales and the University of Wollongong, and smaller groups active in many other parts of Australia and in New Zealand. 'Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science' aims to provide a distinctive publication outlet for Australian and New Zealand scholars working in the general area of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Each volume comprises a group of essays on a connected theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. Papers address general issues, however, rather than local ones; parochial topics are avoided. Further­ more, though in each volume a majority of the contributors is from Australia or New Zealand, contributions from elsewhere are by no means ruled out. Quite the reverse, in fact -- they are actively encour­ aged wherever appropriate to the balance of the volume in question.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 14
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400920255
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (208p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Philosophy and Medicine 36
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Medicine ; Medical ethics ; Medicine—Philosophy. ; Medicine—History. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Bioethics.
    Kurzfassung: Section I / Medicine, History, and Culture -- Knowledge and Practice in European Medicine: The Case of Infectious Diseases -- Frames of Reference and the Growth of Medical Knowledge: L.Fleck and M.Foucault -- Medical Knowledge and Medical Action: Competing visions -- Section II / Philosophy of Science and the Growth of Medical Knowledge -- Function and Value of Medical Knowledge in Modern Diseases -- The Growth of Medical Knowledge: An Epistemological Exploration -- The Development of Population Research on Causes of Death: Growth of Knowledge or Accumulation of Data? -- Comments on Wulff’s, Thung’s, and Lindahl’s Essays on The Growth of Medical Knowledge -- Section III / Image of Man and the Growth of Medical Knowledge -- Medicine, Anthropology, and the Human Body -- Invulnerability and Medicine’s “Promise” of Immortality: Changing Images of the Human Body During the Growth of Medical Knowledge -- Values and the Growth of Medical Knowledge -- Notes on Contributors.
    Kurzfassung: The growth of knowledge and its effects on the practice of medicine have been issues of philosophical and ethical interest for several decades and will remain so for many years to come. The outline of the present volume was conceived nearly three years ago. In 1987, a conference on this theme was held in Maastricht, the Netherlands, on the occasion of the founding of the European Society for Philosophy of Medicine and Health Care (ESPMH). Most of the chapters of this book are derived from papers presented at that meeting, and for the purpose of editing the book Stuart Spicker, Ph. D. , joined two founding members of ESPMH, Henk ten Have and Gerrit Kimsma. The three of them successfully brought together a number of interesting contribu­ tions to the theme, and ESPMH is grateful and proud to have initiated the production of this volume. The Society intends that annual meetings be held in different European countries on a rotating basis and to publish volumes related to these meetings whenever feasible. In 1988, the second conference was held in Aarhus, Denmark on "Values in Medical Decision Making and Resource Allocation in Health Care". In 1989, a meeting was held in Czestochowa, Poland, on "European Traditions in Philosophy of Medicine. From Brentano to Bieganski". It is hoped that these conferences and the books to be derived from them, will initiate a new European tradition, lasting well into the 21 st century! P. J.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 15
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400920156
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (428p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 121
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 121
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy, Ancient.
    Kurzfassung: I: Science Classical Greece -- 1. The Role of Observation in Plato’s Conception of Astronomy -- 2. The Unity of Scientific Inquiry and Categorial Theory in Aristotle -- 3. Knowledge and Belief in Plato’s Republic -- 4. Some Thoughts on Explanation in Ancient Philosophy -- 5. Alcmeon’s and Hippocrates’s Concept of Aetia -- 6. Experience and Causal Explanation in Medical Empiricism -- 7. Soul as Attunement: An Analogy or a Model? -- 8. The Hypotheses of Mathematics in Plato’s Republic and His Contribution to the Axiomatization of Geometry -- 9. Rediscovering Some Stoic Arguments -- 10. Models of Change: A Common Ground for Ancient Greek Philosophy and Modern Science -- 11. Criteria Concerning the Birth of a New Science: The Case of Greek Astronomy -- II: Science and the Modern Greek Enlightenment -- 12. The Idea of Science in the Modern Greek Enlightenment -- 13. The History of the Theory of Natural Sciences: A Paradigm -- III: Science Studies -- 14. Evolutionary Epistemology on Universals as Innate Classificatory Devices -- 15. The Development of Freudian Theory: The Role of the ‘Centre’ and the ‘Excentric’ in Theory Production and Diffusion -- 16. Law and Economics: Methodological Problems in Their Interdisciplinary Cooperation -- IV: Studies of Physics -- 17. From Gases and Liquids to Fluids: The Formation of New Concepts During the Development of Theories of Liquids -- 18. A Matter of Order: A Controversy between Heisenberg and London -- 19. Once Again on the Meaning of Physical Concepts -- 20. Locality: A New Enigma for Physics -- V: Philosophical Studies -- 21. Schlick’s Epistemology and Its Contribution to Modern Empiricism -- 22. On Theoretical Terms -- 23. Leibniz on Density and Sequential or Cauchy Completeness -- 24. Frege: Theory of Meaning or Philosophy of Science? -- 25. The Plato-Wittgenstein Route to the Pragmatics of Falsification -- 26. Wittgenstein, Rationality and Relativism -- Notes on the Authors.
    Kurzfassung: Our Greek colleagues, in Greece and abroad, must know (indeed they do know) how pleasant it is to recognize the renaissance of the philosophy of science among them with this fine collection. Classical and modern, technical and humane, historical and logical, admirably original and respectfully traditional, these essays will deserve close study by philosophical readers throughout the world. Classical scholars and historians of science likewise will be stimulated, and the historians of ancient as well as modern philosophers too. Reviewers might note one or more of the contributions as of special interest, or as subject to critical wrestling (that ancient tribute); we will simply congratulate Pantelis Nicolacopoulos for assembling the essays and presenting the book, and we thank the contributors for their works and for their happy agreement to let their writings appear in this book. R. S. C. xi INTRODUCTORY REMARKS Neither philosophy nor science is new to Greece, but philosophy of science is. There are broader (socio-historical) and more specific (academic) reasons that explain, to a satisfactory degree, both the under-development of philosophy and history of science in Greece until recently and its recent development to international standards. It is, perhaps, not easy to have in mind the fact that the modem Greek State is only 160 years old (during quite a period of which it was consider­ ably smaller than it is today, its present territory having been settled after World War II).
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 16
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400904958
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (192p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 212
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Social sciences ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Sociology—Methodology. ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I. Conditioning of Events versus Causal Conditioning -- 1. Kinds of events and kinds of conditions -- 2. Some properties of the relation of conditioning: symmetry and transitivity -- 3. Temporal relations among events. The broadest interpretation of causal conditioning -- 4. A narrower interpretation of causal conditioning: events as changes -- 5. Other narrower approaches to causal determination -- 6. Relations among events, among features and among variables -- 7. Kinds of methods of establishing causal relations -- 8. Conclusions -- II. The Simplest Case of Causal Analysis -- 1. Preliminary remarks -- 2. Statistical relationship -- 3. Dichotomous systems -- 4. Interactions among variables -- 5. Causal relationship as a relationship which is not spurious -- 6. Probabilistic definition of cause -- 7. Cause as a necessary component of a sufficient condition -- 8. Conclusions -- III. The Causal Interpretation of Relationships in Non-experimental Single Studies -- 1. The occurrence and non-occurrence of causal relationships -- 2. Intensity of causal relationships -- IV. Verification of Statements on Causal Relationships in Diachronic Research -- 1. Kinds of processes and methods of studying changes -- 2. The panel method and the verification of statements on causal relationships -- V. Verification of Statements on Causal Relationships in Experimental Research -- 1. Classical experiment -- 2. Experiment with four groups and with the possibility of controlling the effect of the first study -- 3. Incomplete schemata of experiments -- 4. Enriched schemata of experiments -- 5. Conclusions -- VI. Causal Analyses and Theoretical Analyses -- 1. Causal analyses as theories -- 2. Causal “models” -- 3. The concept of cause -- 4. The problem of determinism -- VII. Human Beings and Collectivities. The Problem of the “Level of Analysis” in Sociology -- 1. Three meanings of membership in a collectivity -- 2. Social wholes -- 3. Classification of variables -- 4. Contextual properties -- 5. Ecological correlation -- 6. Reductionism -- Concluding Remarks: Problems Raised and Results Obtained -- Notes -- Bibliographical Postscript -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: The general treatment of problems connected with the causal conditioning of phenomena has traditionally been the domain of philosophy, but when one examines the relationships taking place in the various fields, the study of such conditionings belongs to the empirical sciences. Sociology is no exception in that respect. In that discipline we note a certain paradox. Many problems connected with the causal conditioning of phenomena have been raised in sociology in relatively recent times, and that process marked its empirical or even so-called empiricist trend. That trend, labelled positivist, seems in this case to be in contradiction with a certain type of positivism. Those authors who describe positivism usually include the Humean tradition in its genealogy and, remembering Hume's criticism of the concept of cause, speak about positivism as about a trend which is inclined to treat lightly the study of causes and confines itself to the statements on co-occurrence of phenomena.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 17
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400919020
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (396p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 45
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 45
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Metaphysics ; Mathematical logic. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: 1. Epistemology & Nominalism -- 2. What Is Abstraction & What Is It Good For? -- 3. Beliefs About Mathematical Objects -- 5. Field & Fregean Platonism -- 5. ? in The Sky -- 6. Nominalism -- 7. The Logic of Physical Theory -- 8. Knowledge of Mathematical Objects -- 9. Physicalism, Reductionism & Hilbert -- 10. Physicalistic Platonism -- 11. Sets are Universals -- 12. Modal-Structural Mathematics -- 13. Logical & Philosophical Foundations for Arithmetical Logic -- 14. Criticisms of the Usual Rationale for Validity in Mathematics -- Contributors -- Index of Proper Names.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 18
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400907072
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 311 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Science and Philosophy 5
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: 1: Agency in Observation and Experiment -- 1: The Procedural Turn -- 2: Action and Interpretation -- 3: Making Perception Possible -- 4: Making Curves -- 5: Making Circular Motion -- 6: Representing Experimentation -- 2: Making Natural Phenomena -- 7: A Realistic Role for Experiment -- 8: The Experimenter’s Redress -- 9: Empiricism in Practice -- 10: Experiment and Meaning -- Notes -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: . . . the topic of 'meaning' is the one topic discussed in philosophy in which there is literally nothing but 'theory' - literally nothing that can be labelled or even ridiculed as the 'common sense view'. Putnam, 'The Meaning of Meaning' This book explores some truths behind the truism that experimentation is a hallmark of scientific activity. Scientists' descriptions of nature result from two sorts of encounter: they interact with each other and with nature. Philosophy of science has, by and large, failed to give an account of either sort of interaction. Philosophers typically imagine that scientists observe, theorize and experiment in order to produce general knowledge of natural laws, knowledge which can be applied to generate new theories and technologies. This view bifurcates the scientist's world into an empirical world of pre-articulate experience and know­ how and another world of talk, thought and argument. Most received philosophies of science focus so exclusively on the literary world of representations that they cannot begin to address the philosophical problems arising from the interaction of these worlds: empirical access as a source of knowledge, meaning and reference, and of course, realism. This has placed the epistemological burden entirely on the predictive role of experiment because, it is argued, testing predictions is all that could show that scientists' theorizing is constrained by nature. Here a purely literary approach contributes to its own demise. The epistemological significance of experiment turns out to be a theoretical matter: cruciality depends on argument, not experiment.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 19
    ISBN: 9789400921191
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XI, 260 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 215
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; Philosophy, medieval ; Knowledge, Theory of. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: 1 Introduction -- 2 Nominalism and Constructivism -- 1. Some of the main problems in historical nominalism in relation with the nominalism of Camap’s “Logical Structure of the World” -- 2. Anti-metaphysics and metaphysics, or from ontological neutrality to ontological commitment -- 3. A minimalistic ontological program -- 4. General outline of the new ontology -- 3 Ontology and Epistemology from Empiricism to Conventionalism -- 1. Ontological commitment and empiristic considerations -- 2. “Wovon man nicht sprechen kann, darüber muss man schweigen” -- 3. Science is of the general -- 4. Things are sums of qualities -- 5. Evolution towards conventionalism -- 4 Logical Semantics and Ontology -- 1. General outline of some basic problems of logical semantics -- 2. The theory of signification and supposition of Ockham -- 3. Nelson Goodman’s extensionalistic solution -- 5 Linguistic Semantics -- 1. Behaviourism in semantics -- 2. Ockham on the relation between thought and language -- 3. Evolution, cognitivism and the notion of conceptual scheme -- 6 The Individual Ontology and Ideology -- 1. The roots of the problem -- 2. Ontology. The constructivistic individual -- 3. Ideology -- 7 Particular and General -- 1. Building a world out of general abstract elements -- 2. Building a world out of particular concrete elements -- 3. Strawson on the particularities of general terms -- 4. Is perception basically perception of what is particular? -- 5. How do children in fact learn language? -- 8 Thought and Language Intentions and Intensions -- 1. Nominalists and empiricists on universals, concepts, intensions -- 2. Knowledge of brain mechanisms in the past -- 3. Behaviourism versus mentalism -- 4. G.D. Wassermann: a neuropsychological model of thought and language -- 9 Nominalism, Empiricism and Conventionalism -- 1. Ockham’s scepticism -- 2. Induction and contemporary nominalism -- 3. Conventionalism versus scientific realism -- Notes -- 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 -- 5 -- 6 -- 7 -- 8 -- 9.
    Kurzfassung: Though the subject of this work, "nominalism and contemporary nom­ inalism", is philosophical, it cannot be fully treated without relating it to data gathered from a great variety of domains, such as biology and more especially ethology, psychology, linguistics and neurobiology. The source of inspiration has been an academic work I wrote in order to obtain a postdoctoral degree, which is called in Belgium an "Aggregaat voor het Hoger Onderwijs" comparable to a "Habilitation" in Germany. I want to thank the National Fund of Scientific Research, which accorded me several grants and thereby enabled me to write the academic work in the first place and thereafter this book. I also want to thank Prof. SJ. Doorman (Technical University of Delft) and Prof. G. Nuchelmans (University of Leiden), who were members of the jury of the "Aggre­ gaatsthesis", presented to the Free University of Brussels in 1981 and who by their criticisms and suggestions encouraged me to write the present book, the core of which is constituted by the general ideas then formulated. I am further obliged to Mr. X, the referee who was asked by Jaakko Hintikka to read my work and who made a series of constructive remarks and recom­ mendations. My colleague Marc De Mey (University of Ghent) helped me greatly with the more formal aspects of my work and spent too much of his valuable time and energy to enable me to deliver a presentable copy. All remaining shortcomings are entirely my responsibility. I asked Prof.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 20
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400921238
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (380p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 125
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 125
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I. The Problems of Time in Psychology -- 1. Stream of Consciousness and durée réelle -- 2. The Elusive Nature of the Past -- 3. The Fiction of Instants -- 4. Two Types of Continuity -- 5. Process and Personality in Bergson’s Thought -- 6. Russell’s Hidden Bergsonism -- II. Matter, Causation, and Time -- 7. The Development of Reichenbach’s Epistemology -- 8. The Significance of Piaget’s Researches on the Psychogenesis of Atomism -- 9. Toward a Widening of the Notion of Causality -- 10. Simple Location and Fragmentation of Reality -- 11. Particles or Events? -- III. The Status of Time in the Relativistic Physics -- 12. The End of the Laplacian Illusion -- 13. Eternal Recurrence — Once More -- 14. Note About Whitehead’s Definition of Co-Presence -- 15. Bergson and Louis De Broglie -- 16. What is Living and What is Dead in the Bergsonian Critique of Relativity -- 17. Time-Space Rather than Space-Time -- IV. Bibliography of Mili??apek.
    Kurzfassung: At last his students and colleagues, his friends and his friendly critics, his fellow-scientist and fellow-philosophers, have the works of Milic Capek before them in one volume, aside from his books of course. Now the development of his interests and his thoughts, always led centrally by his concern to understand 'the philosophical impact of contemporary physics', becomes clear. In the nearly 90 essays and papers, and in his book on the philosophical impact as well as his classical restatement of process philosophy in his Bergson and Modern Physics, Professor Capek establishes one of the fundamental alternatives to the comprehension of human experience, and thereby of the world. Capek is certainly to be seen with respect and admiration, for he has dealt with the deepest and toughest of scientific as well as metaphysical problems: his major efforts in the philosophy of mind focussed upon the time of experience, and in the philosophy of physics focussed upon continuity, causality and again the temporal, now in the world-picture.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 21
    ISBN: 9789400918788
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (376p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 120
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 120
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—History. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Astronomy—Observations. ; Physics—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I Galileo Studies -- The Dating and Significance of Galileo’s Pisan Manuscripts -- Galileo Galilei: An Astronomer at Work -- Galileo’s Theorem of Equivalence: The Missing Keystone of his Theory of Motion -- Was Galileo a Metaphysicist? -- Drake against the Philosophers -- II From The Renaissance to the Scientific Revolution -- Alhazen’s Debt to Ptolemy’s Optics -- Regiomontanus on the Critical Problems of Astronomy -- III Science Since Galileo -- G. D. Cassini and the Number of the Planets: An Example of Seventeenth-Century Astro-Numerological Patronage -- Lavoisier: Language, Instruments and the Chemical Revolution -- The Inductive Sciences in Nineteenth-Century England -- Darwin Studies at Work: A Re-examination of Three Decisive Years (1835–37) -- The Background to Heinrich Hertz’s Experiments in Electrodynamics -- Science and History of Science -- IV Concerning Books -- The Stillman Drake Galileo Collection -- A Bibliography of the Writings of Stillman Drake, compiled by James MacLachlan -- Index Of Names.
    Kurzfassung: This collection of essays is a tribute to Stillman Drake by some of his friends and colleagues, and by others on whom his work has had a formative influence. It is difficult to know him without succumbing to his combination of discipline and enthusiasm, even in fields remote from Renaissance physics and natural philosophy; and so he should not be surprised in this volume to see emphases and methods congenial to him, even on topics as remote as Darwin or the chemical revolution. Therein lies whatever unity the discerning reader may find in this book, beyond the natural focus and coherence of the largest section, on Galileo, and the final section on Drake's collection of books, a major and now accessible resource for research in the field that he has made his own. We have chosen, as the occasion for presenting the volume to Stillman Drake, Galileo's birthday; Galileo has had more than one birthday party in Toronto since Drake came to the University of Toronto. As for the title, it reflects a shared conviction that experiment is the key to science; it is what scientists do. Drake has already asserted that emphasis in the title of his magisterial Galileo at Work, and we echo it here. Those who have had the privilege and pleasure of working and arguing with Stillman over the years know his tenacity, penetration, and vigour. They also know his generosity and humility. We owe him much.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 22
    ISBN: 9789400906198
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (200p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 122
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 122
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Statistics ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Biology—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Method, Theory, and Statistics: The Lesson of Physics -- The Theory of Natural Selection as a Null Theory -- Causality and Exogeneity in econometric models -- Statistics in Expert Resolution: A Theory of Weights for Combining Expert Opinion -- Short and Long Term Survival Analysis in Oncological Research -- A Statistical Approach to the Study of Pollen Fitness -- Statistics in Genetics: Human Migrations Detected by Multivariate Techniques -- Quantum Probability and the Foundations of Quantum Theory -- Indistinguishability, Interchangeability and Indeterminism -- The Non Frequency Approach to Elementary Particle Statistics -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: An inference may be defined as a passage of thought according to some method. In the theory of knowledge it is customary to distinguish deductive and non-deductive inferences. Deductive inferences are truth preserving, that is, the truth of the premises is preserved in the con­ clusion. As a result, the conclusion of a deductive inference is already 'contained' in the premises, although we may not know this fact until the inference is performed. Standard examples of deductive inferences are taken from logic and mathematics. Non-deductive inferences need not preserve truth, that is, 'thought may pass' from true premises to false conclusions. Such inferences can be expansive, or, ampliative in the sense that the performances of such inferences actually increases our putative knowledge. Standard non-deductive inferences do not really exist, but one may think of elementary inductive inferences in which conclusions regarding the future are drawn from knowledge of the past. Since the body of scientific knowledge is increasing, it is obvious that the method of science must allow non-deductive as well as deductive inferences. Indeed, the explosive growth of science in recent times points to a prominent role for the former. Philosophers of science have long tried to isolate and study the non-deductive inferences in science. The inevitability of such inferences one the one hand, juxtaposed with the poverty of all efforts to identify them, constitutes one of the major cognitive embarrassments of our time.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 23
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400919006
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (364p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Studies in Cognitive Systems 4
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Computer science ; Humanities ; Science Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence
    Kurzfassung: I: Metamentality -- 1. What is Artificial Intelligence? -- 2. Symbol Systems and Semiotic Systems -- 3. Theories of Language and Mentality -- II: Knowledge and Expertise -- 4. The Nature of Knowledge -- 5. Varieties of Knowledge -- 6. Expert Systems -- III: Representation and Verification -- 7. Knowledge Representation -- 8. Program Verification -- 9. Minds, Bodies, and Machines -- References -- Numbered Definitions -- List of Figures -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Kurzfassung: This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information, and data­ processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interests from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psycholo­ gy through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental capabilities of other species) to ideas related to artificial in­ telligence and to computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual, and epistemological aspects of these prob­ lems and domains, empirical, experimental, and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. The perspective that prevails in artificial intelligence today suggests that the theory of computability defines the boundaries of the nature of thought, precisely because all thinking is computational. This paradigm draws its inspiration from the symbol-system hypothesis of Newell and Simon and finds its culmination in the computational conception of lan­ guage and mentality. The "standard conception" represented by these views is subjected to a thorough and sustained critique in the pages of this book. Employing a distinction between systems for which signs are signif­ icant for the users of a system and others for which signs are significant for use by a system, I have sought to define the boundaries of what AI, in principle, may be expected to achieve.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 24
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511897528
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (xviii, 136 pages)
    Serie: Cambridge studies in English legal history
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 346.4204/373
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Geschichte 1601-1740 ; Geschichte 1600 ; Geschichte ; Marriage settlements / England / History ; Recht ; Ehevertrag ; Fideikommiss ; Eheschließung ; Großbritannien ; England ; Hochschulschrift ; Großbritannien ; Eheschließung ; Recht ; Geschichte 1601-1740 ; Großbritannien ; Ehevertrag ; Geschichte 1601-1740 ; England ; Fideikommiss ; Geschichte 1600
    Kurzfassung: The history of the family has become an area of great interest, yet the property arrangements entered into upon marriage, a crucial aspect of the process of familial wealth transmission and distribution in the landed classes in early modern England, have never been systematically studied. In the light of evidence provided by hitherto unused family muniments, Dr Bonfield analyses the legal, social and economic aspects of these settlements, and discusses the development and impact of the strict settlement
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The medieval inheritance and the Statute of Uses -- Law in transition: the conflict over restraints upon alienation -- Patterns of marriage settlement 1601-1659: the development of the 'life estate-entail' mode -- The emergence of the strict settlement -- The adoption of the strict settlement 1660-1740: Kent and Northamptonshire -- Marriage settlements in perspective: the social and economic aspects
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 25
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401714587
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (VIII, 270 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 71
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 71
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: Ideology and Objectivity -- Toward a Logic of Historical Constitution -- Beyond Causality in the Social Sciences: Reciprocity as a Model of Non-exploitative Social Relations -- Empiricism and the Philosophy of Science, or, n Dogmas of Empiricism -- Realism and the Supposed Poverty of Sociological Theories -- The Role and Status of the Rationality Principle in the Social Sciences -- Marxian Paradigms versus Microeconomic Structures -- Paradise not Surrendered: Jewish Reactions to Copernicus and the Growth of Modern Science -- The Peculiar Evolutionary Strategy of Man -- Technologies as Forms of Life -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: The last decades have seen major reformations in the philosophy and history of science. What has been called 'post-positivist' philosophy of science has introduced radically new concerns with historical, social, and valuative components of scientific thought in the natural sciences, and has raised up the demons of relativism, subjectivism and sociologism to haunt the once­ calm precincts of objectivity and realism. Though these disturbances intruded upon what had seemed to be the logically well-ordered domain of the philoso­ phy of the natural sciences, they were no news to the social sciences. There, the messy business of human action, volition, decision, the considerations of practical purposes and social values, the role of ideology and the problem of rationality, had long conspired to defeat logical-reconstructionist programs. The attempt to tarne the social sciences to the harness of a strict hypothetico­ deductive model of explanation failed. Within the social sciences, phenome­ nological, Marxist, hermeneuticist, action-theoretical approaches vied in attempting to capture the distinctiveness of human phenomena. In fact, the philosophy of the natural sciences, even in its 'hard' forms, has itself become infected with the increasing reflection upon the role of such social-scientific categories, in the attempt to understand the nature of the scientific enterprise.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 26
    ISBN: 9789401576802
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XXII, 231 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 73
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 73
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: 1 / Introduction: Methodology, Ideology, and Scientific Revolutions -- 2 / Epistemic Structuralism: The Limit to Radical Alternatives to Traditional Epistemology -- 3 / Problems of Structure and Growth: Towards an Interactive Model of The Growth of Scientific Knowledge -- 4 / Consequences and Alternative Methodologies -- 5 / The Nature of Methodological Variance: From Commensurable Canons to Incommensurable Strategies -- Notes -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: Professor Pandit, working among the admirable group of philosophers at the University of Delhi, has written a fundamental criticism and a constructive re-interpretation of all that has been preserved as serious epistemological and methodological reflections on the sciences in modern Western philosoph- from the times of Galileo, Newton, Descartes and Leibniz to those of Russell and Wittgenstein, Carnap and Popper, and, we need hardly add, onward to the troubling relativisms and reconstructions of historical epistemologies in the works of Hanson, Kuhn, Lakatos and Feyerabend. His themes are intrigu­ ing, set forth as they are with masterly case studies of physics and the life sciences, and within an original conceptual framework for philosophical analysis of the processes, functions, and structures of scientific knowing. Pandit's contributions deserve thoughtful examination. For our part, we wish to point to some among them: (1) an interactive articulation of subjective and objective factors of both problems and theories in the course of scientific development; (2) a striking contrast between the explanatory power of a scientific theory and its 'resolving power', i. e.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 27
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400969803
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (216p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 160
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: 1. Theory, Data, and Explanation -- 2. The Origins of the Theory -- I. Elementary Object Theory -- 1. The Language -- 2. The Semantics -- 3. The Logic -- 4. The Proper Axioms -- 5. An Auxiliary Hypothesis -- II. Applications of the Elementary Theory -- 1. Modelling Plato’s Forms -- 2. Modelling the Round Square, etc. -- 3. The Problem of Existence 50 Appendix -- III. The Modal Theory of Abstract Objects (With Propositions) -- 1. The Language -- 2. The Semantics -- 3. The Logic -- 4. The Proper Axioms -- IV. The Applications of the Modal Theory -- 1. Truth -- 2. Modelling Possible Worlds -- 3. Modelling Leibniz’s Monads -- 4. Modelling Stories and Native Characters -- 5. Modality and Descriptions -- V. The Typed Theory of Abstract Objects -- 1. The Language -- 2. The Semantics -- 3. The Logic -- 4. The Proper Axioms -- VI. Applications of the Typed Theory -- 1. Modelling Frege’s Senses (I) -- 2. Modelling Frege’s Senses (II) -- 3. Modelling Impossible and Fictional Relations -- 4. Modelling Mathematical Myths and Entities -- Conclusion -- Appendices -- A. Modelling the Theory Itself -- B. Modelling Notions -- Notes.
    Kurzfassung: In this book, I attempt to lay the axiomatic foundations of metaphysics by developing and applying a (formal) theory of abstract objects. The cornerstones include a principle which presents precise conditions under which there are abstract objects and a principle which says when apparently distinct such objects are in fact identical. The principles are constructed out of a basic set of primitive notions, which are identified at the end of the Introduction, just before the theorizing begins. The main reason for producing a theory which defines a logical space of abstract objects is that it may have a great deal of explanatory power. It is hoped that the data explained by means of the theory will be of interest to pure and applied metaphysicians, logicians and linguists, and pure and applied epistemologists. The ideas upon which the theory is based are not essentially new. They can be traced back to Alexius Meinong and his student, Ernst Mally, the two most influential members of a school of philosophers and psychologists working in Graz in the early part of the twentieth century. They investigated psychological, abstract and non-existent objects - a realm of objects which weren't being taken seriously by Anglo-American philoso­ phers in the Russell tradition. I first took the views of Meinong and Mally seriously in a course on metaphysics taught by Terence Parsons at the University of Massachusetts/Amherst in the Fall of 1978. Parsons had developed an axiomatic version of Meinong's naive theory of objects.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 28
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400970373
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (240p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 75
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 75
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Kurzfassung: I. The Problem of Forms and the Philosophy of the Sciences -- The Possibility of Science and the Fact of Science -- Perception and Science -- Linguistic Expression and Scientific Forms -- Coordination and Subordination of Forms -- A ‘Ptolemaic’ Revolution -- II. Language as a Vehicle of Information -- Rhetoric and Contents -- Epistemology, Genetic Psychology and Axiomatization -- Critique of the Notion of ‘Grouping’ as a Form of Logical Thought -- Ordinary Language and Formalized Language -- Pure Informational Language -- Semantics and Syntax -- III. Scientific Languages and Formalisms -- The ‘Mixed’ Language of Science -- The Formation of the Language of Chemistry -- Reversal of the Relations between Oral Language and Writing -- Multi-Dimensionality and Spatiality of Signs -- Semantic Polyvalence -- IV. The Découpage of Phenomena -- The Myth and the Concept -- Experienced Meanings and Scientific Objects -- Organized Practice, the Cultural Environment of the Concept -- An Example of Structural Objectivation: the ‘Wager’ -- Two Apparently Opposed Movements: ‘Formalist’ Découpage and ‘Operational’ Découpage -- The Saussurian Reduction -- The Phonological Découpage -- Hierarchy of Phonological Structures -- Dynamics of Linguistic Structures -- ‘Language Engineering’ -- The Theory of Queues -- Theories of Learning [apprentissage] as Dynamic Games -- V. Quality and Quantity -- Quality of the Object and Quality of the lived Experience [vécu] -- Difference and Similarity -- Qualitative Responses and Information -- Probability of Response, and Division into Latent Classes -- Scaling Structure -- Search for a Metric -- The Interpretation of ‘Principal Components.’ Return to Structural Organization -- The General Theme of Linear Structures -- Disorder and Order -- Qassifications -- Linear Structures, Vectorial Spaces -- The Random Schemata -- Conclusion: Dialectic of Quality and Axiomatization -- VI. Structuring and Axiomatizing -- ‘Energetic’ Models and ‘Cybernetic’ Models -- Causality in the Models -- Meanings and Functions of Axiomatization in Mathematics -- Axiomatization in the Natural Sciences -- Axiomatization in the Sciences of Man -- The Evaluative Structure of Random Situations -- The Definition of a Norm of Decision -- Conclusions: Consciousness and Concept -- VII. The Understanding of the Individual -- The Clinical Situation and Structures in Psychoanalysis -- Diachronic and Synchronic: Personalities as Informational Systems -- Practice as Art and the Individual -- Individual and Alienation -- History as a Clinical Undertaking without Practice -- History and the Present -- Individual and Field -- Conclusions -- Postface to the English Edition (1982) -- Notes -- Bibliography of Works Cited -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: system reflected in Saussure's linguistic theory, and so influential in the great progress linguistic theory has made in this century. Indeed, Granger sees linguistic theory as expressing a paradigm for scientific theorizing, which research in other social sciences should adopt. But 'structuralism' as a method in science does not, in Granger's view, begin with Saussure and the linguists. It is nothing less than the strategy of all the sciences, both natural and social, since their beginnings. Now, 'structuralism' is a 'trendy' term no less in Anglophone methodology than in Francophone philosophy. But Granger's employment of the term is not to be assimilated to this trend, nor to the fashionable excesses for which this expression has been a watch­ word (he explicitly separates himself from this movement in the preface to the second edition). The exact nature of what Granger calls 'structuralist' methods is the subject of a large part of this work, and I will not dwell on it much further in this introduction. Suffice it to say that Granger's demand for structuralist description is nothing less than the recognition that the successful pursuit of science requires that its terms and predicates pick out what we may call 'natural kinds'; that is, describe classes of items that bear uniform nomolog­ ical relations to one another. A science whose descriptive terms do not meet this condition will never produce any laws that reflect such nomological connections.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 29
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400970328
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (388p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 16
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; Psychiatry ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Inaugural Essay -- From Husserl’s Formulation of the Soul—Body Issue to a New Differentiation of Human Faculties -- I The Problem of Embodiment at the Heart of Phenomenology -- The Singularity and Plurality of the Viewpoint in Husserl’s Transcendental Phenomenology -- Das Problem der Leiblichkeit in der phänomenologischen Bewegung -- Seele und Leib in der kategorialen und in der originären Perspektive -- L’oeil de la chair -- II The Recurrent Question of Dualism -- Husserl and the Problem of Dualism -- “Seeing” and “Touching”, or, Overcoming the Soul—Body Dualism -- The Relativity of the Soul and the Absolute State of the Pure Ego -- The Significance of the Transcendental Ego for the Problem of Body and Soul in Husserlian Phenomenology -- Body—Soul—Consciousness Integration -- III The Soul—Body Territory -- Natural Man and His Soul -- Finitude as Clue to Embodiment -- Topoï of the Body and the Soul in Husserlian Phenomenology -- Husserls Sicht des Leib-Seele Problems -- The Ego-Body Subject and the Stream of Experience in Husserl -- Lived Experience of One’s Body within One’s Own Experience -- IV Soul and Body in Phenomenological Psychiatry -- Living Body, Flesh, and Everyday Body: A Clinical-Noematic Report -- The Experience of Sexual Leib in the Toxico-maniac: Phenomenological Premises -- Kinesthesias and Horizons In Psychosis -- Self-acceptance: The Way of Living with One’s Body in Obesity and Mental Anorexia -- V The Place of the Spirit within the Soul—Body Issue -- Body, Spirit and Ego in Husserl’s Ideas II -- Die Bedeutung des Gewissens für eine leibhafte Verwirklichung von Sittlichkeit -- Value Ethics and Experience -- The Significance of Death for the Experience of Body and World in Human Existence -- La transfiguration du corps dans la phénoménologie de la religion -- VI The Horizon of Nature and Being -- Merleau-Ponty’s Conception of Nature -- Merleau-Ponty’s Ontology Of the Wild Being -- Imagination and the Soul—Body Problem in Arabic Philosophy -- VII Husserl and the History of Philosophy -- Monism in Spinoza’s and Husserl’s Thought -- Husserl’s Berkeley -- Annex -- The Opening Address of the Salzburg Conference -- Index of Names.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 30
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400971240
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (364p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 80
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 80
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Technology—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Analytical Table of Contents -- Introduction: Some Questions for Philosophy of Technology -- Introduction: Some Questions for Philosophy of Technology -- I / Can Technological Development Be Regulated? -- Can Government Regulate Technology? -- Social Implications of Recent Technological Innovations -- Technology and Human Rights -- Technology Assessment, Facts and Values -- A Critique of Technological Determinism -- Techne and Politeia: The Technical Constitution of Society -- II / Technology Assessment -- Technoaxiology: Appropriate Norms for Technology Assessment -- Comment: What Is Alternative Technology? A Reply to Professor Stanley Carpenter -- The Prospects for Technology Assessment -- Technology Assessment and the Problem of Quantification -- Forecast, Value, and the Recent Phenomenon of Non-Acceptance: The Limits of a Philosophy of Technology Assessment -- III / Responsibilities Toward Nature -- The Viability of Environmental Ethics -- Notes on Extended Responsibility and Increased Technological Power -- What Sort of Technology Permits the Language of Nature? Conditions for Controlling Nature-Domination Constitutionally -- IV / Metaphysical and Historical Issues -- The Historical-Ontological Priority of Technology over Science -- The Origins of Modern Technology in Millenarianism -- The Religious and Political Origins of Modern Technology -- From the Phenomenon to the Event of Technology (A Dialectical Approach to Heidegger’s Phenomenology) -- Pragmatism, Transcendental Arguments, and the Technological -- V / Directions for Philosophy of Technology -- The Cultural Character of Technology -- The Import of Social, Political, and Anthropological Considerations in an Adequate Philosophy of Technology -- Philosophy of Technology: Problems of a Philosophical Discipline -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: Only recently has the phenomenon of technology become an object of in­ terest for philosophers. The first attempts at a philosophy of technology date back scarcely a hundred years - a span of time extremely short when com­ pared with the antiquity of philosophical reflections on nature, science, and society. Over that hundred-year span, speculative, critical, and empiricist approaches of various sorts have been put forward. Nevertheless, even now there remains a broad gap between the importance of technology in the real world and the sparse number of philosophical works dedicated to the under­ standing of modern technology. As a result of the complex structure of modern technology, it can be dealt with in very different ways. These range from metaphysical exposition to efforts aimed at political consensus. Quite naturally, within such a broad range, certain national accents can be discovered-; they are shaped by a com­ mon language, accepted philosophical traditions, and concrete problems requiring consideration. Even so, the worldwide impact of technology, its penetration into all spheres of individual, social, and cultural life, together with the urgency of the problems raised in this context - all these demand a joint philosophical discussion that transcends the barriers of language and cultural differences. The papers printed here are intended to exemplify such an effort at culture-transcending philosophical discussion.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 31
    ISBN: 9789400969759
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (604p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 15
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Ethics ; Phenomenology ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Inaugural Essay -- The Moral Sense: A Discourse on the Phenomenological Foundation of the Social World and of Ethics -- I Phenomenology in an Interdisciplinary Communication with the Human Sciences: Questions of the Method -- A. The Phenomenological Challenge in Sociology -- Phenomenological Methods in Sociological Research -- On the Meaning of ‘Adequacy’ in the Sociology of Alfred Schutz -- Contribution to the Debate: On the Phenomenological Challenge in Sociology -- Twentieth-century Realism and the Autonomy of the Human Sciences: The Case of George Santayana -- Method in Integrative Transformism -- Methodological Neutrality in Pragmatism and Phenomenology -- Contribution to the Debate: Heidegger on Rhetoric -- B. Human Being, World, Cognition -- The Problem of Reality as Seen from the Viewpoint of Existential Phenomenology -- Heidegger’s Transcendental-Phenomenological “Justification” of Science -- Contribution to the Debate: Heidegger’s Theory of Authentic Discourse -- A Descriptive Science of the Pretheoretical World: A Husserlian Theme in Its Historical Context -- Darwin’s Phenomenological Embarrassment and Freud’s Solution -- Contribution to the Debate: Phenomenology and Empiricism -- The Relationship of Theory and Emancipation in Husserl and Habermas -- Contribution to the Debate: Professor Wallulis on Theory and Emancipation -- C. Some Issues for Phenomenology in Epistemology and Philosophy of Religion -- The Reductions and Existence: Bases for Epistemology -- Intersubjectivity and Accessibility -- Once More into the Lion’s Mouth: Another Look at van der Leeuw’s Phenomenology of Religion -- II The Foundations of Morality and the Human Sciences -- A. Foundations of Morality and Nature -- Aground on the Ground of Values: Friedrich Nietzsche -- Man as the Focal Point of Human Science -- On Biologicized Ethics: A Critique of the Biological Approach to the Human Sciences -- B. Foundations of Morality and the Life-World -- The Foundations of Morality and the Human Sciences -- Value and Ideology -- Schutz’s Thesis and the Moral Basis for Humanistic Sociology -- The Moral Crisis of Explanation in the Social Sciences -- C. Science and Morality -- Medicine and the Moral Basis of the Human Sciences -- Heidegger’s Existential Conception of Science -- Philosophy and Psychology Confronted with the Need for a Moral Significance of Life -- Contribution to the Debate: Scientific Psychology and Moral Philosophy in the Knowledge of Human Nature: Two Lines of Research -- Contribution to the Debate: Some Remarks on the Role of Psychology in Man’s Ethical World View -- Emotion and the Good in Moral Development -- The Genesis of Moral Judgment -- D. Morality: From Life-Experience to Moral Concepts -- Surrender to Morality as the Morality of Surrender -- The Socio-philosophical Conception of Kurt H. Wolff -- On Purpose, Obligation, and Transcendental Semantics -- III Phenomenology and the Human Sciences in a Common Approach to “Human Rights” -- Le Primat du théorique à l’égard du normatif chez Husserl -- La Intersubjetividad absoluta en Husserl y el ideal de una sociedad racional -- On Some Contributions of Existential Phenomenology to Sociology of Law: Formalism and Historicism -- Rights, Responsibilities, and Existentialist Ethics -- Elementos para una teoria de la transubjetividad – A la fenomenología de los derechos humanos -- The Person, Basis for Human Rights -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: The essays in this volume constitute a portion of the research program being carried out by the International Society for Phenomenology and the Human Sciences. Established as an affiliate society of the World Institute for Ad­ vanced Phenomenological Research and Learning in 1976, in Arezzo, Italy, by the president of the Institute, Dr Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka, this particular society is devoted to an exploration of the relevance of phenomenological methods and insights for an understanding of the origins and goals of the specialised human sciences. The essays printed in the first part of the book were originally presented at the Second Congress of this society held at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 12-14 July 1979. The second part of the volume consists of selected essays from the third convention (the Eleventh International Congress of Phenomenology of the World Phenomen­ ology Institute) held in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1981. With the third part of this book we pass into the "Human Rights" issue as treated by the World Phenomenology Institute at the Interamerican Philosophy Congress held in Tallahassee, Florida, also in 1981. The volume opens with a mono­ graph by Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka on the foundations of ethics in the moral practice within the life-world and the social world shown as clearly distinct. The main ideas of this work had been presented by Tymieniecka as lead lectures to the three conferences giving them a tight research-project con­ sistency.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 32
    ISBN: 9789400969957
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (284p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Vienna Circle Collection 16
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Kurzfassung: 1. The Lost Wanderers of Descartes and the Auxiliary Motive (On The Psychology of Decision) (1913) -- 2. On The Classification of Systems of Hypotheses (With Special Reference to Optics) (1916) -- 3. Ways of the Scientific World-Conception (1930) -- 4. Physicalism: The Philosophy of the Viennese Circle (1931) -- 5. Physicalism (1931) -- 6. Sociology in the Framework of Physicalism (1931) -- 7. Protocol Statements (1932) -- 8. Radical Physicalism and the ‘Real World’ (1934) -- 9. The Unity of Science as a Task (1935) -- 10. Pseudorationalism of Falsification (1935) -- 11. Individual Sciences, Unified Science, Pseudorationalism (1936) -- 12. An International Encyclopedia of Unified Science (1936) -- 13. Encyclopedia as ‘Model’ (1936) -- 14. Physicalism and the Investigation of Knowledge (1936) -- 15. Unified Science and Its Encyclopedia (1937) -- 16. The Concept of ‘Type’ in the Light of Modern Logic (1937) -- 17. The New Encyclopedia of Scientific Empiricism (1937) -- 18. The Departmentalization of Unified Science (1937) -- 19. Comments on the Papers by Black, Kokoszy?ska, Williams (1937) -- 20. The Social Sciences and Unified Science (1939) -- 21. Universal Jargon and Terminology (1941) -- 22. The Orchestration of the Sciences by the Encyclopedism of Logical Empiricism (1946) -- 23. Prediction and Induction (1946) -- 24. Bibliographies -- A. Bibliography of Works Cited -- B. Supplementary List of Works by Otto Neurath [See ‘List’, Which Is Chapter 12 of Empiricism and Sociology, 1973] -- C. Neurath in English -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: The philosophical writings of Otto Neurath, and their central themes, have been described many times, by Carnap in his authobiographical essay, by Ayer and Morris and Kraft decades ago, by Haller and Hegselmann and Nemeth and others in recent years. How extraordinary Neurath's insights were, even when they perhaps were more to be seen as conjectures, aperfus, philosophical hypotheses, tools to be taken up and used in the practical workshop of life; and how prescient he was. A few examples may be helpful: (1) Neurath's 1912 lecture on the conceptual critique of the idea of a pleasure maximum [ON 50] substantially anticipates the development of aspects of analytical ethics in mid-century. (2) Neurath's 1915 paper on alternative hypotheses, and systems of hypotheses, within the science of physical optics [ON 81] gives a lucid account of the historically-developed clashing theories of light, their un­ realized further possibilities, and the implied contingencies of theory survival in science, all within his framework that antedates not only the quite similar work of Kuhn so many years later but also of the Vienna Circle too. (3) Neurath's subsequent paper of 1916 investigates the inadequacies of various attempts to classify systems of hypotheses [ON 82, and this volume], and sets forth a pioneering conception of the metatheoretical task of scientific philosophy.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 33
    ISBN: 9789400969605
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (287p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 21
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 21
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Table of Contents: Volume II -- The New Dualism: “Res Philosophica” and “Res Historica” -- I -- Hippocrates and the School of Cos. Between Myth and Skepticism -- The Historical Hippocrates and the Origins of Scientific Medicine. Comments on Joly -- II -- What’s in a Word? Coming to Terms in the Darwinian Revolution -- Comments on Beatty -- Reply to Hull -- III -- The Politics of Truth: A Social Interpretation of Scientific Knowledge, with an Application to the Case of Sociobiology -- IV -- Anatomy of the Self in Psychoanalytic Theory -- The Unity of the Self -- Psychoanalysis, Personal Identity, and Scientific Method -- V -- Themes in British Psychiatry, J. C. Prichard (1785–1848) to Henry Maudsley (1835–1918) -- Comments on Bynum -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: These remarks preface two volumes consisting of the proceedings of the Third International Conference on the History and Philosophy of Science of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science. The conference was held under the auspices of the Union, The Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, and the Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Science. The meetings took place in Montreal, Canada, 25-29 August 1980, with Concordia University as host institution. The program of the conference was arranged by a Joint Commission of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science consisting of Robert E. Butts (Canada), John Murdoch (U. S. A. ), Vladimir Kirsanov (U. S. S. R. ), and Paul Weingartner (Austria). The Local Arrangements Committee consisted of Stanley G. French, Chair (Concordia), Michel Paradis, treasurer (McGill), Fran~ois Duchesneau (Universite de Montreal), Robert Nadeau (Universite du Quebec it Montreal), and William Shea (McGill University). Both committees are indebted to Dr. G. R. Paterson, then President of the Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Science, who shared his expertise in many ways. Dr. French and his staff worked diligently and efficiently on behalf of all participants. The city of Montreal was, as always, the subtle mixture of extravagance, charm, warmth and excitement that retains her status as the jewel of Canadian cities. The funding of major international conferences is always a problem.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 34
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400970557
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (364p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 76
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 76
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Psychiatry ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Geometry and Semantics: An Examination of Putnam’s Philosophy of Geometry -- The Epistemological Status of Recent Developments in Psychoanalytic Theory -- The Theory of Your Dreams -- Valuation and Objectivity in Science -- Simultaneity and Conventionality -- The Demise of the Demarcation Problem -- Grünbaum on Determinism and the Moral Life -- The Unpredictability of Future Science -- Freud’s Early Theories of Hysteria -- Clinical Trials: The Validation of Theory and Therapy -- Reflections on the Philosophy of Bohr, Heisenberg, and Schrödinger -- Zeno’s Paradox of Measure -- Special Relativity from Measuring Rods -- Causality and Spacetime Structure in Relativity -- Calibration: A Frequency Justification for Personal Probability -- Bibliography of Adolf Grünbaum -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: To celebrate Adolf Griinbaum's sixtieth birthday by offering him this bouquet of essays written for this purpose was the happy task of an autonomous Editorial Committee: Wesley C. Salmon, Nicholas Rescher, Larry Laudan, Carl G. Hempel, and Robert S. Cohen. To present the book within the Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science was altogether fitting and natural, for Griinbaum has' been friend and supporter of philosophy of science at Boston University for twenty-five years, and unofficial godfather to the Boston Colloquium. To regret that we could not include contributions from all his well-wishers, critical admirers and admiring critics, is only to regret that we did not have an encyclopedic space at the committee's disposal. But we, and all involved in this book, speak for all the others in the philo­ sophical, scientific, and personal worlds of Adolf Griinbaum in greeting him on May 15, 1983, with our wishes for his health, his scholarship, his happiness. Our gratitude is due to Carolyn Fawcett for her care and accuracy in editing this book, and for the preparation of the Index; and to Elizabeth McMunn for her help again and again, especially in preparation of the Bibliography of the Published Writings of Adolf Griinbaum; and to Thelma Griinbaum for encouraging, planning, and cheering. Boston University R.S.C. Center for the Philosophy and History of Science M.W.W.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 35
    ISBN: 9789400970809
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (336p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 77
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 77
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Authors’ Introduction -- I. Case Studies -- Summary of Contributions -- Agricultural Chemistry. The Origin and Structure of a Finalized Science -- Autonomization and Finalization: A Comparison of Fermentation Research and Fluid Mechanics -- Cancer Research. A Study of Praxis-Related Theoretical Developments in Chemistry, the Biosciences and Medicine -- II. Theoretical Considerations -- Summary of Contributions -- Finalization Revisited -- The Scientification of Technology -- Normative Finalization -- III. Prospects -- Summary of Contributions -- Science in a Crisis of Legitimation -- Towards a Social Science of Nature -- Introductory Note -- The Finalization Debate: A Reply to our Critics. With a Bibliography of the Finalization Discussion and Debate -- Bibliography of the Finalization Discussion and Debate -- I. The anti-finalization campaign and debate in the media -- III. Contributions to the academic finalization discussion and debate -- Notes on Authors -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: These essays on Finalization in Science - The Social Orientation of Scientific Progress comprise a remarkable, problematic and controversial book. The authors propose a thesis about the social direction of scientific research which was the occasion of a lively and often bitter debate in Germany from 1976 to 1982. Their provocative thesis, briefly, is this: that modern science converges, historically, to the development of a number of 'closed theories', i. e. stable and relatively completed sciences, no longer to be improved by small changes but only by major changes in an entire theoretical structure. Further: that at such a stage of 'mature theory', the formerly viable norm of intra-scientific autonomy may appropriately be replaced by the social direction' of further scientific research (within such a 'mature' field) for socially relevant or, we may bluntly say, 'task-oriented' purposes. This is nothing less than a theory for the planning and social directing of science, under certain specific conditions. Understandably, it raised the sharp objections that such an approach would subordinate scientific inquiry as a free and untrammeled search for truth to the dictates of social relevance and dominant interests, even possibly to dictation and control for particularistic social and political interests.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 36
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401097314
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (500p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 78
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 78
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I. Critical Papers -- 1: Philosophy and the Analysis of Language -- 2: Mathematical Ideals and Metaphysical Concepts -- 3: The Structure of Scientific Revolutions -- 4: The Paradigm Concept -- 5: Meaning and Scientific Change -- 6: Notes Toward a Post-Positivistic Interpretation of Science, Part I -- II. Analyses of Issues -- 7: Space, Time, and Language -- 8: Interpretations of Science in America -- 9: Unity and Method in Contemporary Science -- 10: What Can the Theory of Knowledge Learn from the History of Knowledge? -- III. Toward a Systematic Philosophy of Science -- 11: The Character of Scientific Change -- 12: The Scope and Limits of Scientific Change -- 13: Scientific Theories and Their Domains -- 14: Remarks on the Concepts of Domain and Field -- 15: Alteration of Goals and Language in the Development of Science -- 16: The Concept of Observation in Science and Philosophy (Summary version) -- 17: Notes Toward a Post-Positivistic Interpretation of Science, Part II -- 18: Reason, Reference, and the Quest for Knowledge -- 19: Modern Science and the Philosophical Tradition -- List Of Publications -- Index Of Names -- Index Of Topics.
    Kurzfassung: An impressive characteristic of Dudley Shapere's studies in the philosophy of the sciences has been his dogged reasonableness. He sorts things out, with logical care and mastery of the materials, and with an epistemological curiosity for the historical happenings which is both critical and respectful. Science changes, and the philosopher had better not link philosophical standards too tightly to either the latest orthodox or the provocative up­ start in scientific fashions; and yet, as critic, the philosopher must not only master the sciences but also explicate their meanings, not those of a cognitive never-never land. Neither dreamer nor pedant, Professor Shapere has been able to practice the modern empiricist's exercises with the sober and stimulat­ ing results shown in this volume: he sees that he can be faithful to philosoph­ ical analysis, engage in the boldest 'rational reconstruction' of theories and experimental measurements, and faithful too, empirically faithful we may say, to both the direct super-highways and the winding pathways of conceptual evolutions and metaphysical revolutions. Not least, Shapere listens! To Einstein and Calileo of course, but to the workings of the engineers and the scientific apprentices too, and to the various philosophers, now and of old, who have also worked to make sense of what has been learned and how that has happened and where we might go wrong.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 37
    ISBN: 9789400969575
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (344p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Feilds 20
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 20
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Do Historians and Philosophers of Science Share the Same Heritage? -- I -- Conceptual and Technical Aspects of the Galilean Geometrization of the Motion of Heavy Bodies -- The Galilean Geometrization of Motion: Some Historical Considerations -- Measure, Proportion and Mathematical Structure of Galileo’s Mechanics -- II -- Space, Geometrical Objects and Infinity: Newton and Descartes on Extension -- Finite and Otherwise. Aristotle and Some Seven- teenth Century Views -- III -- The Ideal of the Mathematization of All Sciences and of ‘More Geometrico’ in Descartes and Leibniz -- The “More Geometrico” Pattern in Hypotheses from Descartes to Leibniz -- The Leibnizean Picture of Descartes -- IV -- Force and Inertia: Euler and Kant’s Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science -- Kant on the Foundations of Science -- Non-mechanistic Ideas in Physics and Philosophy: From Newton to Kant -- V -- V. V. Petrov’s Hypothetical Experiment and Electrical Experiments of the 18th Century -- The Ideal of Mathematization in B. Bolzano -- “Die schönste Leistung der allgemeinen Relativitäts- theorie”: The Genesis of the Tensor-Geometrical Conception of Gravitation.
    Kurzfassung: These remarks preface two volumes consisting of the proceedings of the Third International Conference on the History and Philosophy of Science of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science. The conference was held under the auspices of the Union, The Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, and the Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Science. The meetings took place in Montreal, Canada, 25--29 August 1980, with Concordia University as host institution. The program of the conference was arranged by a Joint Commission of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science consisting of Robert E. Butts (Canada), John Murdoch (U. S. A. ), Vladimir Kirsanov (U. S. S. R. ), and Paul Weingartner (Austria). The Local Arrangements Committee consisted of Stanley G. French, Chair (Concordia), Michel Paradis, treasurer (McGill), Franyois Duchesneau (Universite de Montreal), Robert Nadeau (Universite du Quebec a Montreal), and William Shea (McGill University). Both committees are indebted to Dr. G. R. Paterson, then President of the Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Science, who shared his expertise in many ways. Dr. French and his staff worked diligently and efficiently on behalf of all participants. The city of Montreal was, as always, the subtle mixture of extravagance, charm, warmth and excitement that retains her status as the jewel of Canadian cities. The funding of major international conferences is always a problem.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 38
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400971783
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (276p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 82
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 82
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Particles or Events? -- Commentary on ‘Particles or Events?’ -- Time Symmetry and Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics -- Is Physical Space Unique or Optional? -- Theory Reduction: A Question of Fact or or a Question of Value? -- Cosmology and Verifiability -- Galileo and the Phenomena: On Making the Evidence Visible -- Quantum Theory of Measurement: A Non-Quantum Mechanical Approach -- Protophysics of Time and the Principle of Relativity -- Commentary on ‘Protophysics of Time and the Principle of Relativity’ -- Temporality and the Structure of Physics as Human Endeavor -- Commentary on ‘Temporality and the Structure of Physics as Human Endeavor’ -- The Unity of Nature -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: These essays on the conceptual understanding of modern physics strike directly at some of the principal difficulties faced by contemporary philos­ ophers of physical science. Moreover, they reverberate to earlier and classical struggles with those difficulties. Each of these essays may be seen as both a commentary on our predecessors and an original analytic interpretation. They come from work of the past decade, most from meetings of the Boston Colloquium for the Philosophy of Science, and they demonstrate again how problematic the fundamentals of our understanding of nature still are. The themes will seem to be familiar but the variations are not only ingenious but also stimulating, in some ways counterpoint. And so once again we are confronted with issues of space and time, irreversibility and measurement, matter and process, hypothetical reality and verifiability, explanation and reduction, phenomenal base and sophisticated theory, unified science and the unity of nature, and the limits of conventionalism. We are grateful for the cooperation of our contributors, and in particular for the agreement of George Ellis and C. F. von Weizsiicker to allow us to use previously published papers.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 39
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400969667
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (232p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 157
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Absolute versus Relative Space and Time -- Three Steps Towards Absolutism -- Reply to Mackie -- Absoluteness and Conspiracy -- Time And Causal Connectibility -- Prospects for a Causal Theory of Space-Time -- Verificationism and Theories of Space-Time -- Temporal and Causal Asymmetry -- Temporal and Causal Asymmetry -- Temporal and Causal Asymmetry -- Causality And Quantum Mechanics -- How the Measurement Problem Is an Artifact of the Mathematics -- Measurement, Unitarity, and Laws -- Causality, Relativity, and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox -- Nonlocality and Peaceful Coexistence -- Quantum Logic and Ensembles -- Notes On Contributors -- Index Of Names.
    Kurzfassung: The Royal Institute of Philosophy has been sponsoring conferences in alter­ nate years since 1969. These have from the start been intended to be of interest to persons who are not philosophers by profession. They have mainly focused on interdisciplinary areas such as the philosophies of psychology, education and the social sciences. The volumes arising from these conferences have included discussions between philosophers and distinguished practitioners of other disciplines relevant to the chosen topic. Beginning with the 1979 conference on 'Law, Morality and Rights' and the 1981 conference on 'Space, Time and Causality' these volumes are now constituted as a series. It is hoped that this series will contribute to advancing philosophical understanding at the frontiers of philosophy and areas of interest to non-philosophers. It is hoped that it will do so by writing which reduces technicalities as much as the subject-matter permits. In this way the series is intended to demonstrate that philosophy can be clear and worthwhile in itself and at the same time relevant to the interests of lay people.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 40
    ISBN: 9789400969698
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (508p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 14
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Phenomenology ; Anthropology ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I The Phenomenology of Man in Interdisciplinary Communication -- Inaugural Essay -- Can Fictional Narratives Be True? -- The Phenomenology of Man and of the Human Condition in Communication with the Human Sciences -- On the Impact of the Human Sciences on Our Conception of Man and Society -- The Question of the Unity of the Human Sciences Revisited -- ‘Cognition and Work’ -- Scheler’s Shadow on Us -- II Nature Retrieved -- Inaugural Essay -- Natural Spontaneity in the Translating Continuity of Beingness -- 1. Nature and the Expanding Self -- Transcendence and Evil -- Nature and Man in Edmund Husserl’s ‘Inner Historiography’ -- Man and Nature: Bearings, Resources -- The Relation between Man and World: A Transcendental-Anthropological Problem -- Les antitheses de la communication et leur influence sur l’etiologie des maladies -- 2. Nature, Life, World, Culture -- Life and Culture in the Analysis of the Relationship between Man and Nature -- La realisation du projet Husserlien de “monde naturel” selon Jan PatoSka -- Man-in-Nature as a Phenomenological Datum -- Nature and Man -- Humanity, Nature, and Respect for Law -- The Immersion in Transcendence of Man from Nature -- 3. Nature and Mimesis -- Le retrait de la metaphore -- Nature and Human Nature in Literary Contexts -- Creative Consciousness and the Natural World in Virginia Woolf’s The Waves -- Nature and Feeling: The Constitutive and the Subjective -- III Man, Nature and The Possible Worlds -- The Phenomenological Conception of the Possible Worlds and the Creative Function of Man -- Creativity and the Method of the Sciences: A Problematic Issue in Husserl’s Phenomenology -- Husserl and the Logic of Questions -- The Challenge of Philosophical Anthropology -- Back to Nature Itself! -- La connaissance du monde de l’art -- Annex Documents Illustrating the History of The World Phenomenology Institute and of Its Three International Societies: The International Husserl and Phenomenological Research Society, The International Society for Phenomenology and Literature, The International Society for Phenomenology and the Human Sciences, and of The Boston Forum for the Interdisciplinary Phenomenology of Man, during the first decade of their research work (1968–1978) -- Index of Names.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 41
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400971332
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (268p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 22
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 22
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Introduction: from Rutherford to Hahn -- The Nuclear Electron Hypothesis -- The Evolution of Matter: Nuclear Physics, Cosmic Rays, and Robert Millikan’s Research Program -- The Discovery of Fission and a Nuclear Physics Paradigm -- Internal and External Conditions for the Discovery of Fission by the Berlin Team -- Otto Hahn, Science, and Social Responsibility -- The Politics of British Science in the Munich Era -- Why Hahn’s Radiothorium Surprised Rutherford in Montreal -- The Discovery of Uranium Z by Otto Hahn: The First Example of Nuclear Isomerism -- Nuclear Physics in Candada in the 1930s.
    Kurzfassung: and less as the emanation unden\'ent radioactive decay, and it became motion­ less after about 30 seconds. Since this process was occurring very rapidly, Hahn and Sackur marked the position of the pointer on a scale with pencil marks. As a timing device they used a metronome that beat out intervals of approximately 1. 3 seconds. This simple method enabled them to determine that the half-life of the emanations of actinium and emanium were the same. Although Giesel's measurements had been more precise than Debierne's, the name of actinium was retained since Debierne had made the discovery first. Hahn now returned to his sample of barium chloride. He soon conjectured that the radium-enriched preparations must harbor another radioactive sub­ stance. The liquids resulting from fractional crystallization, which were sup­ posed to contain radium only, produced two kinds of emanation. One was the long-lived emanation of radium, the other had a short life similar to the emanation produced by thorium. Hahn tried to separate this substance by adding some iron to the solutions that should have been free of radium, but to no avail. Later the reason for his failure became apparent. The element that emitted the thorium emanation was constantly replenished by the ele­ ment believed to be radium. Hahn succeeded in enriching a preparation until it was more than 100,000 times as intensive in its radiation as the same quantity of thorium.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 42
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401576727
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XVII, 182 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 3
    Serie: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 3
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Why Philosophy of Science? -- Knowledge and Power in the Sciences -- Facts and Values in Science Studies -- No History Without Health -- Science Policy Studies: Retrospect and Prospect -- Social Science: Education as Social Persuasion -- History and Philosophy of Science in the Pedagogical Process -- Science Teaching or Science Preaching? Critical Reflections on School Science -- Notes on Contributors.
    Kurzfassung: Only in fairly recent years has History and Philosophy of Science been recognized - though not always under that name - as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour. Previously, in the Australasian region as elsewhere, those few individuals working within this broad area of inquiry found their base, both intellectually and socially, where they could. In fact, the institutionali­ zation of History and Philosophy of Science began comparatively early in Australia. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University of Melbourne immediately after the Second World War, in 1946, and other appointments followed as the subject underwent an expansion during the 1950s and '60s similar to that which took place in other parts of the world. Today there are major Departments at the University of Melbourne, the University of New South Wales and the University of Wollongong, and smaller groups active in many other parts of Australia, and in New Zealand.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 43
    ISBN: 9780511470554
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (xii, 286 pages)
    Serie: Cambridge studies in medieval life and thought 3rd ser., 18
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306/.09427/1
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Gawain / (Legendary character) / Romances / History and criticism ; Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ; Sozialgeschichte 1375-1425 ; Geschichte 1300-1500 ; Sozialgeschichte 1300-1500 ; Alltag, Brauchtum ; Knights and knighthood in literature ; Kultur ; Großbritannien ; Cheshire (England) / Social conditions ; Lancashire (England) / Social conditions ; Great Britain / Social life and customs / 1066-1485 ; Cheshire ; Lancashire ; Lancashire ; Kultur ; Geschichte 1300-1500 ; Cheshire ; Kultur ; Geschichte 1300-1500 ; Lancashire ; Sozialgeschichte 1375-1425 ; Lancashire ; Sozialgeschichte 1300-1500 ; Cheshire ; Sozialgeschichte 1375-1425 ; Cheshire ; Sozialgeschichte 1300-1500
    Kurzfassung: This study of Cheshire and Lancashire society in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries is a unique attempt to reconstruct the social life of an English region in the later Middle Ages. Drawing on the voluminous archives of the two palatinates and the extensive muniment collections of local families, it offers an unusually rich and wide-ranging analysis of a dynamic regional society at a dramatic stage in its history
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 44
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400969865
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (352p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 2
    Serie: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 2
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: The Influence of Darwinism on English Literature and Literary Ideas -- Evolution and Educational Theory in the Nineteenth Century -- Darwin and the Descent of Women -- Darwinism and Feminism: The ‘Woman Question’ in the Life and Work of Olive Schreiner and Charlotte Perkins Gilman -- Darwin and Philosophy Today -- Darwinism and Language -- Evolutionism and Arch(a)eology -- Heinrich Schenker’s Epistemology and Philosophy of Music: An Essay on the Relations Between Evolutionary Theory and Music Theory -- Evolution: The Whitworth Gun in Huxley’s War for the Liberation of Science from Theology -- Evolutionism Transformed: Positivists and Materialists in the Sociätä d’ Anthropologic de Paris from Second Empire to Third Republic -- Notes on Contributors -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Kurzfassung: Only in fairly recent years has History and Philosophy of Science been recognized - though not always under that name - as a distinct field of scholarly endeavour. Previously, in the Australasian region as elsewhere, those few individuals working within this broad area of inquiry found their base, both intellectually and socially, where they could. In fact, the institutionalization of History and Philosophy of Science began compara­ tively early in Australia. An initial lecturing appointment was made at the University of Melbourne immediately after the Second World War, in 1946, and other appointments followed as the subject underwent an expansion during the 1950s and '60s similar to that which took place in other parts of the world. Today there are major Departments at the University of Melbourne, the University of New South Wales and the University of Wollongong, and smaller groups active in many other parts of Australia, and in New Zealand. "Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science" aims to provide a distinctive publication outlet for Australian and New Zealand scholars working in the general area of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Each volume will comprise a group of essays on a connected theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. The series should, however, prove of more than merely local interest. Papers will address general issues; parochial topics will be avoided.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 45
    ISBN: 9789401576789
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (X, 284 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Sociology of the Sciences Monographs 3
    Serie: Sociology of the Sciences - Monographs, Continued As Sociology of the Sciences Library 3
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Humanities ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I: The Identification of Positivism -- 1. Introduction -- II: Antipositivism in the Philosophy of the Natural Sciences -- 2. The Antipositivism of Critical Rationalism -- 3. The Antipositivism of Critical Theory -- 4. The Antipositivism of Scientific Realism -- 5. Discussion: Antipositivism in the Philosophy of the Natural Sciences -- III: Antipositivism in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences -- 6. The Antipositivism of Critical Rationalism -- 7. The Antipositivism of Critical Theory -- 8. The Antipositivism of Scientific Realism -- 9. Discussion: Antipositivism in the Philosophy of the Social Sciences -- IV: Positivism, Antipositivism and Ideology -- 10. Positivism, Antipositivism and Ideology -- 11. The Concept of Ideology in Critical Rationalism -- 12. The Concept of Ideology in Critical Theory -- 13. The Concept of Ideology in Scientific Realism -- 14. Discussion: Positivism, Antipositivism and Ideology -- Notes.
    Kurzfassung: The sciences are too important to be left exclusively to scientists, and indeed they have not been. The structure of scientific knowledge, the role of the sciences in society, the appropriate social contexts for the pursuit of scientific inquiry, have long been matters for reflection and debate about the sciences carried on both within academe and outside it. Even within the universities this reflection has not been the property of any single discipline. Philosophy might have been first in the field, but history and the social sciences have also entered the fray. For the latter, new problems came to the fore, since reflection on the sciences is, in the case of the social sciences, necessarily also reflection on themselves as sciences. Reflection on the natural sciences and self-reflection by the social sciences came to be dominated in the 1960s by the term 'positivism'. At the time when this word had been invented, the sciences were flourishing; their social and material environment had become increasingly favourable to scientific progress, and the sciences were pointing the way to an optimistic future. In the later twentieth century, however, 'positivism' came to be a word used more frequently by those less sure of nineteenth century certainties. In both sociology and philosophy, 'positivism' was now something to be rejected, and, symbolizing the collapse of an earlier consensus, it became itself the shibboleth of a new dissensus, as different groups of reflective thinkers, in rejecting 'positivism', rejected something different, and often rejected each other.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 46
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511898150
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (viii, 287 pages)
    Serie: Comparative ethnic and race relations
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305.8/00941
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Politik ; Racism / Great Britain ; Politische Sprache ; Rassenfrage ; Rassenkonflikt ; Großbritannien ; Great Britain / Race relations ; Great Britain / Politics and government / 1979-1997 ; Großbritannien ; Großbritannien ; Rassenfrage ; Politische Sprache ; Großbritannien ; Rassenkonflikt
    Kurzfassung: This book, first published in 1983, examines why people prefer to talk about immigrants or ethnic minorities when they are referring to differences marked not by the migratory process of ethnicity, but by skin colour. How, without mentioning racial criteria, have politicians managed to introduce immigration controls deliberately aimed at reducing the number of black migrants? This book identifies a central feature of British political life: the ability to justify racially discriminatory behaviour without recourse to explicit racist language. It gives an account of British racial ideology as it is practically experienced in the form of political discourse and helps to provide a theoretical understanding of its relationship to the social structure as a whole and in particular its relationship to inter- and intra-class divisions. The author argues that traditional class-based ideologies are perfectly capable of supporting racially oppressive institutions and have far better 'protective' properties than expressions of overt racism. As a result, the objective structures of British race relations are obscured by a facade of 'deracialised ideology'
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 47
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511470585
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (xxvi, 353 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305.5/232/094297
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Geschichte 1700-1800 ; Geschichte 1600-1700 ; Geschichte 1640-1790 ; Geschichte 1640 ; Geschichte ; Wirtschaft ; Gentry / Wales / Glamorgan / History / 17th century ; Gentry / Wales / Glamorgan / History / 18th century ; Elite (Social sciences) / Wales / Glamorgan ; Adel ; Gentry ; Glamorgan (Wales) / Economic conditions ; Glamorgan (Wales) / Social conditions ; Großbritannien ; Glamorgan ; Glamorgan ; Gentry ; Geschichte 1640-1790 ; Glamorgan ; Adel ; Geschichte 1640-1790 ; Großbritannien ; Geschichte 1640
    Kurzfassung: This study provides an extensive survey of the economic activities of the gentry, their role as entrepreneurs and as popularisers of the metropolitan culture of Georgian London. It describes how during the eighteenth century, local elites from remote corners of Britain were amalgamated into one new ruling class, a body distinguished by common attitudes, social outlook, living standards and educational patterns. The author provides a synthesis of social, economic and political changes in the years prior to industrialisation. Political changes are studied in detail, and the changing role of political parties and ideologies is examined. Then, after a comprehensive study of the activities and attitudes of the gentry, the book concludes by attempting to explain precisely why Britain should have led the world in the twin processes of industrialisation and modernisation
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 48
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511896569
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (xii, 315 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305.5/62/0941
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Pelling, Henry ; Pelling, Henry ; Labour Party (Great Britain) / History ; Geschichte 1870-1950 ; Sozialgeschichte 1870-1950 ; Geschichte ; Working class / Great Britain / History ; Bibliografie ; Arbeiterklasse ; Arbeiter ; Großbritannien ; Großbritannien ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Festschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Festschrift ; Großbritannien ; Arbeiter ; Geschichte 1870-1950 ; Großbritannien ; Arbeiterklasse ; Sozialgeschichte 1870-1950 ; Großbritannien ; Arbeiterklasse ; Geschichte 1870-1950 ; Pelling, Henry 1920-1997 ; Bibliografie
    Kurzfassung: The thirteen essays in this book reflect the dual character of writing about the history of the British working class. The first section focuses on the outlook, organization, and policies of the Labour movement. The second section is concerned with central aspects of the social history of the working class. Together, these essays provide striking evidence of the ways in which the experience of class has pervaded virtually every corner of this nation's public life. They also show that the mixed political record of organized Labour, its hesitations and failures as well as its struggles and successes, cannot be understood without a full appreciation of the collective and individual lives of working people outside the political arena
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 49
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400965812
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (458p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 158
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Mathematics ; Science Philosophy ; Distribution (Probability theory) ; Probabilities. ; System theory. ; Science—Philosophy. ; Mathematical physics.
    Kurzfassung: 1. Introductory Remarks -- 2. Information Theory and Statistical Mechanics, I (1957) -- 3. Information Theory and Statistical Mechanics, II (1957) -- 4. Brandeis Lectures (1963) -- 5. Gibbs vs Boltzmann Entropies (1965) -- 6. Delaware Lecture (1967) -- 7. Prior Probabilities (1968) -- 8. The Well-Posed Problem (1973) -- 9. Confidence Intervals vs Bayesian Intervals (1976) -- 10. Where Do We Stand on Maximum Entropy? (1978) -- 11. Concentration of Distributions at Entropy Maxima (1979) -- 12. Marginalization and Prior Probabilities (1980) -- 13. What is the Question? (1981) -- 14. The Minimum Entropy Production Principle (1980) -- Supplementary Bibliography.
    Kurzfassung: The first six chapters of this volume present the author's 'predictive' or information theoretic' approach to statistical mechanics, in which the basic probability distributions over microstates are obtained as distributions of maximum entropy (Le. , as distributions that are most non-committal with regard to missing information among all those satisfying the macroscopically given constraints). There is then no need to make additional assumptions of ergodicity or metric transitivity; the theory proceeds entirely by inference from macroscopic measurements and the underlying dynamical assumptions. Moreover, the method of maximizing the entropy is completely general and applies, in particular, to irreversible processes as well as to reversible ones. The next three chapters provide a broader framework - at once Bayesian and objective - for maximum entropy inference. The basic principles of inference, including the usual axioms of probability, are seen to rest on nothing more than requirements of consistency, above all, the requirement that in two problems where we have the same information we must assign the same probabilities. Thus, statistical mechanics is viewed as a branch of a general theory of inference, and the latter as an extension of the ordinary logic of consistency. Those who are familiar with the literature of statistics and statistical mechanics will recognize in both of these steps a genuine 'scientific revolution' - a complete reversal of earlier conceptions - and one of no small significance.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 50
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511621789
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (xii, 254 pages)
    Serie: Changing cultures
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306/.08991497
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Alltag, Brauchtum ; Romanies / Great Britain ; Romanies / Great Britain / Social life and customs ; Romanies / Great Britain / Folklore ; Sozialanthropologie ; Zigeuner ; Großbritannien ; Großbritannien ; Großbritannien ; Sozialanthropologie ; Zigeuner
    Kurzfassung: In this book Judith Okely challenges popular accounts of Gypsies which suggest that they were once isolated communities, enjoying an autonomous culture and economy now largely eroded by the processes of industrialisation and western capitalism. Dr Okely draws on her own extensive fieldwork and on contemporary documents. The Traveller-Gypsies is the first monograph to be published on Gypsies in Britain using the perspective of social anthropology. It examines the historical origins of the Gypsies, their economy, travelling patterns, self-ascription, kinship and political groupings, and their marriage choices, upbringing and gender divisions. A detailed analysis of pollution beliefs reveals an underlying system which expresses and reinforces the separation of Gypsies from non-Gypsies. Explanations for beliefs are sought in their contemporary meaning as opposed to their alleged Indian origin. None of these aspects are analysed independently of the wider society, its policies, beliefs, and practices. This book will be invaluable for teaching purposes, both as a study of a Gypsy community per se, and for its discussion of the problems involved in carrying out fieldwork within the anthropologist's own society. It will also interest the general reader and the academic specialist; social anthropologists, sociologists, historians, geographers, planners and all those concerned with minority groups
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Historical categories and representations -- Modern misrepresentations -- Methods of approach -- Economic niche -- Self-ascription -- Symbolic boundaries -- Gorgio planning -- Travelling -- Trailer unit, spouses and children -- Group relations and personal relatives -- Gypsy women -- Ghosts and Gorgios
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 51
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511622151
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (viii, 260 pages)
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305.5/62/0941
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Labour Party (Great Britain) ; Geschichte 1900-2000 ; Geschichte 1800-1900 ; Geschichte 1832-1982 ; Geschichte ; Working class / England / History / 19th century ; Working class / England / History / 20th century ; Working class / Political activity / England ; Social conflict / England / History / 19th century ; Social conflict / England / History / 20th century ; Arbeiterklasse ; Arbeiter ; Großbritannien ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Großbritannien ; Arbeiterklasse ; Geschichte 1832-1982 ; Großbritannien ; Arbeiter ; Geschichte 1832-1982
    Kurzfassung: This collection of essays by Gareth Stedman Jones proposes a different way of seeing both historians' analytical conceptions of 'class', and the actual manifestation of class in the history of English politics and English culture since the 1830s. As the progenitor of the first generally acknowledged working-class movement, the English working class provided the initial empirical basis for not only the original Marxist theory of modern industry and proletarian revolution, but also subsequent historians' reactions against, or adaptations of, the Marxist theory of class. In Languages of Class Gareth Stedman Jones draws a distinction between two conceptions of class: the everyday and commonplace perception of its pervasiveness in England, and the Marxist idea of its revolutionary significance. He proceeds to challenge the predominant conceptions of the meaning and development of 'class consciousness' by stressing the political and discursive conditions in which particular languages appeared and receded. Among the themes of individual essays in the book are a rethinking of 'the making of the English working class' and the phenomenon of Chartism, a novel exploration of the formation and components of 'working-class culture', and, in the light of these, a new approach to understanding the history of the Labour Party
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 52
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400968394
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (284p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Archives Internationales D’Histoire Des Idees / International Archives of the History of Ideas 102
    Serie: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 102
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Science Philosophy ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Science—History. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: 1. Scottish Beginnings -- 2. London Beginnings -- 3. The First Trip Abroad -- 1. Paris and its Scientific Society, 1817 -- 2. Switzerland -- 3. Italy -- 4. The Return -- 4. In the Mainstream of London Science -- 1. Scientific Training in the 1820s -- 2. Mary Somerville’s Apprenticeship -- 3. The First Experimental Paper -- 4. Brougham’s Commission -- 5. The Mechanism of the Heavens -- 1. The Atmosphere of 1830 -- 2. Creation and Publication -- 3. Reception -- 6. The Second Stay Abroad -- 1. Paris, 1832 -- 2. Mary Somerville and French Science, 1832–33 -- 3. Foreign Visitors, English Correspondence -- 7. On the Connexion of the Physical Sciences -- 1. The Physical Sciences, 1830–33 -- 2. The Final Revision -- 3. Publication and Review -- 4. New Honours and a New Edition -- 5. Mary Somerville and a Few Scientific Women -- 8. The Civil List and Mary Somerville -- 9. ‘The Comet’, an Experiment and a Third Edition -- 10. The Last London Years -- 1. A New Pattern of Existence, 1836 -- 2. The Fourth Edition of the Connexion of the Sciences -- 3. A Scientific Intermediary -- 11. Outside the Mainstream of Science -- 1. Italy, 1838–40 -- 2. And After . . . -- A Guide to Notes and Citations -- Notes.
    Kurzfassung: Among the myriad of changes that took place in Great Britain in the first half of the nineteenth century, many of particular significance to the historian of science and to the social historian are discernible in that small segment of British society drawn together by a shared interest in natural phenomena and with sufficient leisure or opportunity to investigate and ponder them. This group, which never numbered more than a mere handful in comparison to the whole population, may rightly be characterized as 'scientific'. They and their successors came to occupy an increasingly important place in the intellectual, educational, and developing economic life of the nation. Well before the arrival of mid-century, natural philosophers and inventors were generally hailed as a source of national pride and of national prestige. Scientific society is a feature of nineteenth-century British life, the best being found in London, in the universities, in Edinburgh and Glasgow, and in a few scattered provincial centres.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 53
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400970274
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Treatise on Basic Philosophy 5
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Knowledge, Theory of.
    Kurzfassung: of Epistemology I -- I. Cognition and Communication -- 1. Cognition -- 2. Knowledge -- 3. Communication -- II. Perceiving and Thinking -- 4. Perceiving -- 5. Conceiving -- 6. Inferring -- III. Exploring and Theorizing -- 7. Exploring -- 8. Conjecturing -- 9. Systematizing -- Appendices -- 1. The Power of Mathematics in Theory Construction: A Simple Model of Evolution -- 2. The Prose Identifying the Variables -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Kurzfassung: In this Introduction we shall state the business of both descriptive and normative epistemology, and shall locate them in the map oflearning. This must be done because epistemology has been pronounced dead, and methodology nonexisting; and because, when acknowledged at all, they are often misplaced. 1. DESCRIPTIVE EPISTEMOLOGY The following problems are typical of classical epistemology: (i) What can we know? (ii) How do we know? (iii) What, if anything, does the subject contribute to his knowledge? (iv) What is truth? (v) How can we recognize truth? (vi) What is probable knowledge as opposed to certain knowledge? (vii) Is there a priori knowledge, and if so of what? (viii) How are knowledge and action related? (ix) How are knowledge and language related? (x) What is the status of concepts and propositions? In some guise or other all of these problems are still with us. To be sure, if construed as a demand for an inventory of knowledge the first problem is not a philosophical one any more than the question 'What is there?'. But it is a genuine philosophical problem if construed thus: 'What kinds of object are knowable-and which ones are not?' However, it is doubtful that philosophy can offer a correct answer to this problem without the help of science and technology. For example, only these disciplines can tell us whether man can know not only phenomena (appearances) but also noumena (things in themselves or self-existing objects).
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 54
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400984622
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (523p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 67
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 67
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Some Remarks on Ontology -- A Kind of Collapse in a Simple Spacetime Model -- Poetic Imagination and Economy: Ernst Mach as Theorist of Science -- Some Thoughts on the Ideal of Exactness in Science and Philosophy -- On Hypotheses and Hypotheticism -- The Influence of Heraclitus on Modern Mathematics -- Free Intuitionistic Logic: A Formal Sketch -- Some Lessons in the Sun -- Interpretative Action Constructs -- Is Realistic History of Science Possible? A Hidden Inadequacy in the New History of Science -- Physics and the Doctrine of Reductionism -- Symbolism and Chance -- A Study in Protophysics -- Materialist Foundations of Critical Rationalism -- Analytic Philosophy as the Confrontation Between Wittgensteinians and Popper -- Distrust of Reason -- Teleology Redux -- Invariance and Covariance -- Molecular Phylogenetics: Biological Parsimony and Methodological Extravagance -- Letter to Mario: The Self and Its Mind -- The Young Hegel’s Quest for a Philosophy of Science, or Pitting Kepler against Newton -- Three Kinds of Mathematical Fictionalism -- The Disastrous Effects of Experiment upon the Early Development of Thermodynamics -- Individualism and Concept Formation in the Social Sciences -- A New Theory of Intension -- The Place of Mario Bunge -- Concerning Mario Bunge -- I. Curriculum Vitae -- II. List of Publications of Mario Bunge -- III. Selected Reviews of Books by Mario Bunge -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: This volume is dedicated to Mario Bunge in honor of his sixtieth birthday. Mario Bunge is a philosopher of great repute, whose enormous output includes dozens of books in several languages, which will culminate with his Treatise on Basic Philosophy projected in seven volumes, four of which have already appeared [Reidel, I 974ff. ]. He is known for his works on research methods, the foundations of physics, biology, the social sciences, the diverse applications of mathematical methods and of systems analysis, and more. Bunge stands for exact philosophy, classical liberal social philosophy, rationalism and enlightenment. He is brave, even relentless, in his attacks on subjectivism, mentalism, and spiritualism, as well as on positivism, mechanism, and dialectics. He believes in logic and clarity, in science and open-mindedness - not as the philosopher's equivalent to the poli­ tician's rhetoric of motherhood and apple pie, but as a matter of everyday practice, as qualities to cultivate daily in our pursuit of the life worth living. Bunge's philosophy often has the quality of Columbus's egg, and he is prone to come to swift and decisive conclusions on the basis of argu­ ments which seem to him valid; he will not be perturbed by the fact that most of the advanced thinkers in the field hold different views.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 55
    ISBN: 9789401576550
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (164 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 153
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: 1. The Deductive Model -- 2. The Basis of the Logical Empiricist Conception of Science -- 3. The Basis of the Popperian Conception of Science -- 4. The Logical Empiricist Conception of Scientific Progress -- 5. The Popperian Conception of Scientific Progress -- 6. Popper, Lakatos, and the Transcendence of the Deductive Model -- 7. Kuhn, Feyerabend, and Incommensurability -- 8. The Gestalt Model -- 9. The Perspectivist Conception of Science -- 10. Development of the Perspectivist Conception in the Context of the Kinetic Theory of Gases -- 11. The Set-Theoretic Conception of Science -- 12. Application of the Perspectivist Conception to the Views of Newton, Kepler, and Galileo -- References.
    Kurzfassung: For the philosopher interested in the idea of objective knowledge of the real world, the nature of science is of special importance, for science, and more particularly physics, is today considered to be paradigmatic in its affording of such knowledge. And no understand­ ing of science is complete until it includes an appreciation of the nature of the relation between successive scientific theories-that is, until it includes a conception of scientific progress. Now it might be suggested by some that there are a variety of ways in which science progresses, or that there are a number of different notions of scientific progress, not all of which concern the relation between successive scientific theories. For example, it may be thought that science progresses through the application of scientific method to areas where it has not previously been applied, or, through the development of individual theories. However, it is here suggested that the application of the methods of science to new areas does not concern forward progress so much as lateral expansion, and that the provision of a conception of how individual theories develop would lack the generality expected of an account concerning the progress of science itself.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 56
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400983649
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (417p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 66
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 66
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Language and languages—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I. The Semantic Problem—Sources and Themes -- II. The Concept of Semantics and Prerequisites for the Investigation of Semantic Problems -- 1. The Concepts of Object Language and Metalanguage -- 2. The Semantic Level of Analysis and its Relations to the Syntactic and Pragmatic Levels -- III. Semantic Concepts -- 1. Semantic Concepts and their Relations in Common Parlance -- 2. Semantic Concepts in Formalised Languages -- IV. The Semantics of Logical Concepts -- 1. Problems of L-Semantics -- 2. The Semantics of Logical Concepts on the Basis of the Concept of Interpretation -- V. Sense and Denotation -- 1. Frege’s Conception of Sense and Denotation -- 2. The Theory of Descriptions -- 3. The Method of Extension and Intension -- 4. The Problem of Naming -- 5. Synonymity -- VI. The Criterion of Sense -- 1. The Formulation of the Problem -- 2. The Operationist Criterion of Sense -- 3. The Verifiability Criterion of Sense -- 4. The Translatability Criterion of Sense -- 5. Sense and the Empirical -- 6. ‘Theoretical Concepts’ and the Relativity of the Empirical Starting Point -- 7. Problems of Sense and Reduction Procedures -- VII. Vagueness -- 1. Vagueness and the Un-Sharpness of Boundaries -- 2. Sources of Vagueness and Ways of Analysing Vagueness -- 3. Vagueness, Ambiguity and Denotational Opacity -- VIII. Semantics and Some Problems of Ontology -- 1. Semantics and Ontic Decision -- 2. Nominalism, Platonism and Semantics -- 3. Analytical and Synthetic Aspects in the Language of Science -- IX. An Outline of the Evaluation of the Results of Scientific Activity in Terms of Semantic Information -- 1. The Scope for Evaluating Scientific Results -- 2. Brillouin’s Attempt at an Informational Evaluation of Scientific Laws -- 3. Linguistic Devices in Tasks of the Systematising Type -- 4. The Concept of ‘Decision Base’ and the Evaluation of a Decision Base -- 5. The Relevance of A Posteriori Data -- 6. Evaluation of the Goal Complex and the Concept of ‘Epistemic Gain’ -- X. The Semantics of Preference Attitudes -- 1. The Role of Preference and Preference Ordering -- 2. The Comparability Principle as a Presupposition for the Construction of a Preference System -- 3. Preferences of Things and Preferences of States of Affairs -- 4. Preference ‘Ceteris Paribus’ -- 5. The Concept of ‘Preferable States of Affairs’ as a Qualitative Concept -- 6. Preference as a Propositional Attitude -- Conclusions -- XI. The Problem of Informational Synonymity -- 1. The Traditional (Leibnizian) Criterion of Identity and the Problem of Semantic Identification -- 2. The ‘Salva Veritate’ Criterion -- 3. The Criterion of ‘Salva Relatione’ and the Concept of ‘Informational Synonymity’ -- 4. Informational Relevance and the Concept of ‘Strict Informational Synonymity’ -- XII. An Outline of the Semantic Evaluation of Graphic Communication -- 1. Introductory Remarks -- 2. Graphic Communication -- 3. The Semantics of a Picture Shape -- 4. Informational Synonymity and the Informational Evaluation of a Picture Shape -- 5. Informational Synonymity and the Time Factor -- Notes -- References -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Kurzfassung: Ladislav Tondl's insightful investigations into the language of the sciences bear directly upon some decisive points of confrontation in modern philos­ ophy of science and of language itself. In the decade since his Scientific Procedures was published in English (Boston Studies 11), Dr Tondl has enlarged his original monograph of 1966 on the promise, problems and achievements of modern semantics: the main topic of his later work has been semantic information theory. A Russian translation, considerably expanded as a second edition, was published in 1975 (Moscow, Progress Publishers) with an appreciative critical commentary, in the form of a conclusion, by Professor Avenir I. Uemov of Odessa. Indeed many Soviet studies in the problems of the semantics of science show the same sort of philosophical curiosity about the relationship of meanings in scientific language to pro­ cedures in scientific epistemology that characterizes Tondl's work, as in the work of Mirislav Popovich (Kiev) and Vadirn Sadovsky (Moscow) and their colleagues. But we know that interest in these matters is world-wide, ranging from such classical topics as sense and denotation, empiricist reduction, vagueness and denotational opacity, to the new and equally exciting topics of the semantics of non-unique preference choices, the nuances of informational synonymity, and the semantics of a picture shape (so briefly but beautifully sketched in Tondl's dense and promising last chapter). We are pleased to have had Tondl's kind cooperation in producing this English edition, actually a third edition, of his research about semantics.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 57
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400984127
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 63
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 63
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I. Stages of the Philosophy of Technology -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Engineering Perspective -- 3. Philosophy of Culture -- 4. Social Criticism -- 5. The Earth as a System -- 6. The Problem of Diversity of Approaches -- II. Differing Versions of the Concept of ‘Technology’ -- 1. Problems of Definition -- 2. Historical and Systematic Analysis -- 3. Periods in the History of Technology -- 4. Semantic Variations of the Concept of ‘Technology’ -- 5. Attempts at Definition -- III. Methodological Analysis -- 1. The Determinants of Technological Development -- 2. The Range of Action -- 3. The Transformation of the Material World -- 4. The Neutrality of Technological Means -- 5. Hypothetical Imperatives -- 6. Technological Progress -- IV. The Road to Modern Technology -- 1. The Socio-cultural Approach -- 2. Historical Determination -- 3. Magical and Technological Thinking -- 4. Socio-economic Conditions -- 5. Technological Foundations -- 6. The Industrial Revolution -- 7. Engineering Sciences and Natural Sciences -- 8. Intellectual Prerequisites -- 9. Complex Interconnections -- 10. Natural Instinct and Volitional Creativity -- V. The Technological World -- 1. Nature and Artifacts -- 2. The Cosmic Dimension -- 3. Accumulation and ‘Self-Reinforcement’ -- 4. The Acting Individuals -- 5. Individual Freedom and Collective Tasks -- 6. The Universality of Modern Technology -- 7. The Benefits of Technology and Their Cost -- 8. Changed Criteria -- 9. New Values -- 10. The Crisis in the Assessment of Technology -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: Friedrich Rapp, in this magisterial and critical essay on technology, the complex human phenomenon that demands philosophy of science, philosophy of culture, moral insight, and historical sensi­ tivity for its understanding, writes modestly of the grave and ten­ tative situation in the philosophy of technology. Despite the pro­ found thinkers who have devoted time and imagination and ratio­ nal penetration, despite the massive literature now available, the varied and comparative viewpoints of political, analytic, despite metaphysical, cultural, even esthetic commitments, indeed despite the honest joining of historical and systematic methods of inves­ tigation, we are far from a satisfactory understanding of the joys and sorrows, the achievements and disappointments, of the tech­ nological saga of human societies. Professor Rapp has prepared this report on the philosophical understanding of technology for a troubled world; if ever philosophy were needed, it is in the prac­ tical attempt to find alternatives among technologies, to foresee dangers and opportunities, to choose with a sense of the possibil­ ity of fulfilling humane values. Emerson spoke of the scholar not as a specialist apart, but as 'Man thinking' and Rapp's essay so speaks to all of us, industrial world or third world, engineers or humanists, tired or energetic, fearful or optimistic.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 58
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400985582
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (339p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 69
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 69
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I: Causation -- 1. The Knowledge Context Kzt -- 2. The Language Framework:L or L?? -- 3. Syntax. Semantics, and Ontology -- II: Explanation -- 4. Statistical Explanation and Statistical Relevance -- 5. A Single Case Theory of Causal Explanation -- 6. The Dispositional Construction of Theories -- III: Corroboration -- 7. The Justification of Induction -- 8. Confirmation and Corroboration -- 9. Acceptance and Rejection Rules -- 10. Rationality and Fallibility -- References -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Kurzfassung: With this defense of intensional realism as a philosophical foundation for understanding scientific procedures and grounding scientific knowledge, James Fetzer provides a systematic alternative to much of recent work on scientific theory. To Fetzer, the current state of understanding the 'laws' of nature, or the 'law-like' statements of scientific theories, appears to be one of philosophical defeat; and he is determined to overcome that defeat. Based upon his incisive advocacy of the single-case propensity interpretation of probability, Fetzer develops a coherent structure within which the central problems of the philosophy of science find their solutions. Whether the reader accepts the author's contentions may, in the end, depend upon ancient choices in the interpretation of experience and explanation, but there can be little doubt of Fetzer's spirited competence in arguing for setting ontology before epistemology, and within the analysis of language. To us, Fetzer's ambition is appealing, fusing, as he says, the substantive commitment of the Popperian with the conscientious sensitivity of the Hempelian to the technical precision required for justified explication. To Fetzer, science is the objective pursuit of fallible general knowledge. This innocent character­ ization, which we suppose most scientists would welcome, receives a most careful elaboration in this book; it will demand equally careful critical con­ sideration. Center for the Philosophy and ROBERT S. COHEN History of Science, MARX W. WARTOFSKY Boston University October 1981 v TABLE OF CONTENTS EDITORIAL PREFACE v FOREWORD xi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xv PART I: CAUSATION 1.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 59
    ISBN: 9789400984820
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (175p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 151
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Kurzfassung: I/Pictures and Teleology -- 1. Science, Philosophy, and Change -- 2. Images -- 3. Pictures and Coherent Images -- 4. Truth and Explanation -- 5. Explanationism -- II/Rules of Inference, Induction, and Ampliative Frameworks -- 1. Ampliative Inference -- 2. Sellarsian Rules of Inference -- 3. Goodman on Induction and the Scientific Framework -- 4. Quine, Induction, and Natural Kinds -- 5. Conclusion -- III/Induction and Justification -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Rules, Theories, and Conceptual Frameworks -- 3. Justification, Probability, and Acceptance -- 4. The Meaning of ‘Probable’ -- 5. ‘Probable’ Versus the Ground-Consequence Relation -- 6. The Purpose of Probability Arguments -- 7. Practical Reasoning -- 8. Modes of Probability -- IV/Theories -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Sellarsian View of a Theory; an Introduction -- 3. Sellars and Nagel on the Formal Structure of Theories -- 4. The Observation Framework -- 5. Correspondence Rules (C-Rules) -- 6. Explanation -- 7. Ontological Preliminaries -- 8. Explanation and Existence -- 9. Explanation and Two Senses of ‘About’ -- 10. Explanation Versus Derivation -- 11. The Theoretician’s Dilemma and the Levels Theory of Theories -- 12. Sellarsian Systematization -- 13. Explanation and Existence: The Role of C-Rules -- V/Conceptual Change -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Scientific Image: a Reconsideration -- 3. Ontological Necessity -- 4. Reasonableness and Rationality -- 5. Conceptual Change -- 6. Rationality Versus Reasonableness -- Notes -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Kurzfassung: In this essay I am concerned with the problem of conceptual change. There are, needless to say, many ways to approach the issue. But, as I see it, the problem reduces to showing how present and future systems of thought are the rational extensions of prior ones. This goal may not be attainable. Kuhn, for example, suggests that change is mainly a function of socio-economic pressures (taken broadly). But there are some who believe that a case can be made for the rationality of change, especially in science. Wilfrid Sellars is one of those. While Sellars has developed a full account of the issues involved in solving the problem of conceptual change, he is also a very difficult philosopher to discuss. The difficulty stems from the fact that he is a philosopher in the very best sense of the word. First, he performs the tasks of analyzing alternative views with both finesse and insight, dialectically laying bare the essentials of problems and the inadequacies of previous proposals. Secondly, he is a systematic philosopher. That is, he is concerned to elaborate a system of philosophical thought in the grand tradition stretching from Plato to White­ head. Now with all of this to his credit, it would appear that there is no difficulty at all, one should simply treat him like all the others, if he indeed follows in the footsteps of past builders of philosophic systems.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 60
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400984455
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 128 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Suppl.: Rezensiert in Welten, W. P., 1924 - [Rezension von: Rescher, Nicholas, Leibniz's Metaphysics of Nature. A Group of Essays] 1983
    Serie: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 18
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 18
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Metaphysics ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I. Leibniz on Creation and the Evaluation of Possible Worlds -- 1. Stagesetting -- 2. Mathematico-Physical Inspiration -- 3. Epistemological Implications -- 4. Leibniz as a Pioneer of the Coherence Theory of Truth -- II. The Epistemology of Inductive Reasoning in Leibniz -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Extraction of General Truths from Experience -- 3. Concluding Observations -- III. Leibniz and the Concept of a System -- 1. The Concept of a System -- 2. Leibniz as System Builder -- 3. Why System? -- 4. Cognitive vs. Ontological Systematicity -- 5. System and Infinite Complexity -- IV. Leibniz on the Infinite Analysis of Contingent Truths -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Analysis -- 3. Calculus as the Inspiration of Infinite Analysis -- 4. A Metaphysical Calculus of Perfection-Optimization -- 5. Conclusion -- V. Leibniz on Intermonadic Relations -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Crucial Role of Relations in Incompossibility -- 3. The Reducibility of Relations -- 4. Relational Reducibility and Incompossibility -- 5. Reducibility Not a Logical But a Metaphysical Thesis -- 6. The Reality of Intermonadic Relations -- 7. Abstract Relations -- VI. Leibniz and the Plurality of Space-Time Frameworks -- 1. The Question of Distinct Frameworks -- 2. Spatiality: The Conception of Space as Everywhere the Same -- 3. One World, One Space -- 4. Distinct Worlds Must Have Distinct Spaces -- 5. How are Distinct Spaces Distinct? -- 6. Why Distinct Spaces? -- 7. A Superspace After All? -- 8. Cross-World Spatial Comparisons -- 9. Must the Spatial Structure of Other Worlds Be Like that of Ours? -- 10. The Important Fact That, for Leibniz, Time is Coordinate With Space -- 11. Can a Possible World Lack Spatiotemporal Structure? -- VII. The Contributions of the Paris Period (1672–76) to Leibniz’s Metaphysics -- 1. Overview of Cardinal Theses of Leibniz’s Metaphysics -- 2. A Missing Piece -- 3. Conclusion -- Appendix: Rescher on Leibniz, with Bibliography -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: The essays included in this volume are a mixture of old and new. Three of them make their first appearance in print on this occa­ sion (Nos III, IV, and V). The remaining four are based upon materials previously published in learned journals or anthologies. (However, these previously published papers have been revised and, generally, expanded for inclusion here.) Detailed acknowl­ edgement of prior publications is made in the notes to the relevant articles. I am grateful to the editors of these several publications for their kind permission to use this material. I am grateful to an anonymous reader for the Western Ontario Series for some useful corrigenda. And I should like to thank John Horty and Lily Knezevich for their help in seeing this material through the press. NICHOLAS RESCHER Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania May, 1980 xi INTRODUCTION The unifying theme of these essays is their concern with Leibniz's metaphysics of nature. In particular, they revolve about his cos­ mology of creation and his conception of the real world as one among infinitely many equipossible alternatives.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 61
    ISBN: 9789400985223
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (356p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 13
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Linguistics ; Phenomenology ; Language and languages—Style. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I Introduction The Babel of Criticism -- I -- II In The Beginning, The Word -- III Apprenticeship in Sorcery -- IV The Gift of Tongues -- V Through Streets Wide and Narrow -- VI “I was my Father and I was my Son” -- VII Voices in the Mud -- II -- VIII Creating a Scene -- IX Voices, in English, on the Air -- X English Voices for the Stage -- XI The Limits of Theater -- XII Soul made Light, and Sound -- XIII Sound, Sense and Sound -- XIV Closure -- References.
    Kurzfassung: In the wake of so many other keys to the treasure, whoever undertakes still another book of criticism on the novels and drama of Samuel Beckett must assume the grave burden of justifying the attempt, especially for him who like one of John Barth's recent fictional characterizations of himself, believes that the key to the treasure is the treasure itself. No one will ever have the privilege of the last word on these texts, since any words other than the author's own found therein must be referred back to the text themselves for cautious verification. Indeed, the words the author has used to create the oeuvre stand by virtue of their own creativeness, or fail in their pretense, and need no critical comment to be appreciated for what they have achieved or have failed to achieve. In criticism there is no privileged point of view - not even the author's own. He has consulted his knowledge and experience to make the work, and whoever would criticize his efforts would seem to owe him the indulgence of doing the same. If communication is mediated through the works, the author and his readers respond in recipro­ cal fashion to the expressiveness of their contexts. For the philosopher of art, the challenge is extremely tempting - on a manifold count.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 62
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400983977
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (220p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Vienna Circle Collection 15
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I. Introduction -- 1. The Present State of Value Theory -- 2. Absolutism and Empiricism with Respect to Value -- 3. Determination of Concepts -- II. Value Concepts -- 1. Logical Analysis: Material Content and Value Characteristic -- 2. The System of Values -- 3. The Hierarchy of Values -- III. Value as a Characteristic: A Psychological Analysis -- 1. Psychology of Value up to the Present -- 2. Evaluating and Adopting an Attitude -- 3. Development of the Characteristic of Value -- 4. Value as a Specific Characterization with Respect to Adopting an Attitude -- 5. Value Concepts, Value Judgements, and Valuation -- 6. The Sources of Distinction -- IV. Value Judgements -- 1. The Meaning of Impersonal Value Judgements -- 2. The Validity of Impersonal Value Judgements: Super-Individual Value -- V. The Science of Value -- Postscript (1973) -- Bibliography of the Writings of Victor Kraft -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: In English-speaking countries Victor Kraft is known principally for his account of the Vienna Circle. ! That group of thinkers has exercised in recent decades a significant influence not only on the philosophy of the western world, but also, at least indirectly, on that of the East, where there is now taking place a slow but clearly irresistible erosion of dogmatic Marxism by ways of think­ ing derived from a modem scientific conception of the world. Kraft's work as historian of the Vienna Circle has led to his being classed, without further qua1ification, as a neo-positivist philosopher. It is, however, only partially correct to count him as such. To be sure, he belonged to the group named, he took part in its meetings, and he drew from it suggestions central to his own work; but he did not belong to the hard core of the Circle and was a con­ scious opponent of certain radical tendencies espoused, at least from time to time, by some of its members. Evidence of this is provided by the theory of value now presented in English translation, since no less a thinker than Rudolf Carnap had, originally at any rate, obeyed a very narrowly conceived criterion of sense and declared value judgements to be senseless.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 63
    ISBN: 9789400983946
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (228p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 16
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 16
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Economics Methodology ; Philosophy and science. ; Economic history.
    Kurzfassung: On the Role of Fundamental Theory in Positive Economics -- Are General Equilibrium Theories Explanatory? -- New Consumer Theory and the Relations Between Goods -- A Skeptical History of Microeconomic Theory -- Neo-Utilitarian Ethics and the Ordinal Representation Assumption -- Constitutional Choice: Rawls versus Harsanyi -- Some Implications of ‘Theory Absorption’ for Economic Theory and the Economics of Information -- On the Use of Laboratory Experiments in Economics -- Some Logic and History of Hypothesis Testing -- Testing Statistical Testing.
    Kurzfassung: The essays in this volume are the result of a workshop held at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in April, 1979. The assembled group was diverse, comprised of philosophers, economists, and statisticians. But it was not the complete group on which we had initially planned. Richard Rudner was in France on sabbatical and was unable to fly back for the occa­ sion. His untimely death the following summer saddened us all, for we lost not just a colleague but a friend. This book is dedicated to him out of the spirit of friendship and in appreciation for the ground breaking work he did in the philosophy of the social sciences. In addition to the participants, a number of people worked very hard to make our gathering possible. We are especially indebted to Dean Henry Bauer, Dean Ernie Stout and Dean John Ballweg of the College of Arts and Sciences at Virginia Tech for their good will and support, both moral and substantive. We would also like to thank Professor Guy Hammond, Head, Department of Philosophy and Religion, for his council and assistance. Our special thanks to Jeanne Keister and Betty Davis for their patience with unending typing and reservations, and finally to Barbara Kersey, always at hand, ever helpful. Without them nothing would have transpired.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 64
    ISBN: 9789401727662
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (XIV, 332 p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 146
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: Why Do We Find the Origin of a Calculus of Probabilities in the Seventeenth Century? -- Some Remarks on the Calculus of Probability in the Eighteenth Century -- Probability and the Problem of Induction -- Probabilities and Causes: On Life Tables, Causes of Death, and Etiological Diagnoses -- From the Emergence of Probability to the Erosion of Determinism -- John Venn’s Logic of Chance -- Robert Leslie Ellis and the Frequency Theory -- Reduction as a Problem: Some Remarks on the History of Statistical Mechanics from a Philosophical Point of View -- Boltzmann’s Conception of Theory Construction: The Promotion of Pluralism, Provisionalism, and Pragmatic Realism -- The Mach-Boltzmann Controversy and Maxwell’s Views on Physical Reality -- Boltzmann, Mach and Russian Physicists of the Late Nineteenth Century -- An Example of a Theory-Frame: Equilibrium Thermodynamics -- What Have the History and Philosophy of Science to Do for One Another? -- A Comment on E. Agazzi, ‘What Have the History and Philosophy of Science to Do for One Another?’ -- Methodology and the Functional Identity of Science and Philosophy -- On Making History -- A Comment on J.D. North, ‘On Making History’ -- Reply to J.D. North, ‘On Making History’ -- Influences of Some Concepts of Biology on Progress in Philosophy -- Philosophy of Science, History of Science, and Science of Science -- Interrelations between History of Science and Philosophy of Science in Research in the Development of Technical Sciences -- From History of Science to Theory of Science: An Essay on V.I. Vernadsky’s Work (1863–1945) -- Utility versus Truth: At Least One Reflection on the Importance of the Philosophy of Science for the History of Science -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Kurzfassung: The two volumes to which this is apreface consist of the Proceedings of the Second International Conference on History and Philosophy of Science. The Conference was organized by the Joint Commission of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science (IUHPS) under the auspices of the IUHPS, the Italian Society for Logic and Philosophy of Science, and the Domus Galilaeana of Pisa, headed by Professor Vincenzo Cappelletti. Domus Galilaeana also served as the host institution, with some help from the University of Pisa. The Conference took place in Pisa, Italy, on September 4-8, 1978. The editors of these two volumes of the Proceedings of the Pisa Conference acknowledge with gratitude the help by the different sponsoring organizations, and in the first place that by both Divisions of the IUHPS, which made the Conference possible. A special recognition is due to Professor Evandro Agazzi, President of the Italian Society for Logic and Philosophy of Science, who was co­ opted as an additional member of the Organizing Committee. This committee was otherwise identical with the Joint Commission, whose members were initially John Murdoch, John North, Arpad Szab6, Robert Butts, Jaakko Hintikka, and Vadim Sadovsky. Later, Erwin Hiebert and Lubos Novy were appointed as additional members.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 65
    ISBN: 9789400984011
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (236p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 150
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Science—Philosophy. ; Mathematical logic.
    Kurzfassung: I: Theory -- I/Introduction -- II/Semantic Theory of the Notation F -- III/The Physical Relevance of Indistinguishables -- IV/Sort Theory — Axioms and Definitions -- V/Sort Theory — Mappings -- VI/Representations of Initial Sorts -- VII/Representation of Superstruct Sorts -- II: Application -- VIII/Hypothesis and Principles -- IX/Events in the Void -- X/The Texture of Space-Time -- XI/The Constitution of Matter -- XII/States of Particles -- XIII/General Assessment -- References -- Index of Terms Defined -- Index of Symbols.
    Kurzfassung: It is widely assumed that there exist certain objects which can in no way be distinguished from each other, unless by their location in space or other reference-system. Some of these are, in a broad sense, 'empirical objects', such as electrons. Their case would seem to be similar to that of certain mathematical 'objects', such as the minimum set of manifolds defining the dimensionality of an R -space. It is therefore at first sight surprising that there exists no branch of mathematics, in which a third parity-relation, besides equality and inequality, is admitted; for this would seem to furnish an appropriate model for application to such instances as these. I hope, in this work, to show that such a mathematics in feasible, and could have useful applications if only in a limited field. The concept of what I here call 'indistinguishability' is not unknown in logic, albeit much neglected. It is mentioned, for example, by F. P. Ramsey [1] who criticizes Whitehead and Russell [2] for defining 'identity' in such a way as to make indistinguishables identical. But, so far as I can discover, no one has made any systematic attempt to open up the territory which lies behind these ideas. What we find, on doing so, is a body of mathematics, offering only a limited prospect of practical usefulness, but which on the theoretical side presents a strong challenge to conventional ideas.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 66
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400985179
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (244p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Episteme, A Series in the Foundational, Methodological, Philosophical, Psychological, Sociological and Political Aspects of the Sciences, Pure and Applied 9
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: I: Being -- 1. Matter Today -- 2. Materialism Today -- II: Becoming -- 3. Modes of Becoming -- 4. A Critique of Dialectics -- III: Mind -- 5. A Materialist Theory of Mind -- 6. Mind Evolving -- IV: Culture -- 7. A Materialist Concept of Culture -- 8. Popper’s Unworldly World 3 -- V: Concept -- 9. The Status of Concepts -- 10. Logic, Semantics, and Ontology -- New Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous -- Sources -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.
    Kurzfassung: The word 'materialism' is ambiguous: it designates a moral doc­ trine as well as a philosophy and, indeed, an entire world view. Moral materialism is identical with hedonism, or the doctrine that humans should pursue only their own pleasure. Philosophical ma­ terialismis the view that the real worId is composed exclusively of material things. The two doctrines are logically independent: hedonism is consistent with immaterialism, and materialism is compatible with high minded morals. We shall be concerned ex­ c1usively with philosophical materialism. And we shall not confuse it with realism, or the epistemological doctrine that knowIedge, or at any rate scientific knowledge, attempts to represent reality. Philosophical materialism is not a recent fad and it is not a solid block: it is as old as philosophy and it has gone through six quite different stages. The first was ancient materialism, centered around Greek and Indian atomism. The second was the revival of the first during the 17th century. The third was 18th century ma­ terialism, partly derived from one side of Descartes' ambiguous legacy. The fourth was the mid-19th century "scientific" material­ ism, which flourished mainly in Germany and England, and was tied to the upsurge of chemistry and biology. The fifth was dialec­ tical and historical materialism, which accompanied the consolida­ tion of the socialist ideology. And the sixth or current stage, evolved mainly by Australian and American philosophers, is aca­ demic and nonpartisan but otherwise very heterogeneous. Ancient materialism was thoroughly mechanistic.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 67
    ISBN: 9789400984042
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (392p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 62
    Serie: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 62
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy. ; Philosophy and social sciences.
    Kurzfassung: I: Medieval Prologue -- 1. The Philosophical Setting of Medieval Science -- 2. The Medieval Accomplishment in Mechanics and Optics -- II: The Sixteenth-Century Achievement -- 3. The Development of Mechanics to the Sixteenth Century -- 4. The Concept of Motion in the Sixteenth Century -- 5. The Calculatores in the Sixteenth Century -- 6. The Enigma of Domingo de Soto -- 7. Causes and Forces at the Collegio Romano -- III: Galileo in the Sixteenth-Century Context -- 8. Galileo and Reasoning Ex suppositione -- 9. Galileo and the Thomists -- 10. Galileo and the Doctores Parisienses -- 11. Galileo and the Scotists -- 12. Galileo and Albertus Magnus -- 13. Galileo and the Causality of Nature -- IV: From Medieval to Early Modern Science -- 14. Pierre Duhem: Galileo and the Science of Motion -- 15. Anneliese Maier: Galileo and Theories of Impetus -- 16. Ernest Moody: Galileo and Nominalism -- Index of Names.
    Kurzfassung: Can it be true that Galilean studies will be without end, without conclusion, that each interpreter will find his own Galileo? William A. Wallace seems to have a historical grasp which will have to be matched by any further workers: he sees directly into Galileo's primary epoch of intellectual formation, the sixteenth century. In this volume, Wallace provides the companion to his splendid annotated translation of Galileo 's Early Notebooks: The Physical Questions (University of Notre Dame Press, 1977), pointing to the 'realist' sources, mainly unearthed by the author himself during the past two decades. Explicit controversy arises, for the issues are serious: nominalism and realism, two early rivals for the foundation of knowledge, contend at the birth of modem science, OI better yet, contend in our modem efforts to understand that birth. Related to this, continuity and discontinuity, so opposed to each other, are interwoven in the interpretive writings ever since those striking works of Duhem in the first years of this century, and the later studies of Annaliese Maier, Alexandre Koyre and E. A. Moody. Historio­ grapher as well as philosopher, WaUace has critically supported the continuity of scientific development without abandoning the revolutionary transforma­ tive achievement of Galileo's labors. That continuity had its contemporary as well as developmental quality; and we note that William Wallace's Prelude studies are complementary to Maurice A.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 68
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789401094269
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (466p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: Vienna Circle Collection 14
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: 1. No Pot of Message [1974a] -- 2. The Origin and Spirit of Logical Positivism [1969a] -- 3. The Power of Positivistic Thinking [1963b] -- 4. The Wiener Kreis in America [1969d] -- 5. Scientific Method without Metaphysical Presuppositions [1954] -- 6. Probability and Experience [1930] -- 7. Meaning and Validity of Physical Theories [1929] -- 8. Confirmability and Confirmation [1951a] -- 9. The Logical Character of the Principle of Induction [1934a] -- 10. What Hume Might Have Said to Kant [1964a] -- 11. Operationism and Scientific Method (and Rejoinder) [1945a] and [1945b] -- 12. Existential Hypotheses [1950b] -- 13. Logical Reconstruction, Realism and Pure Semiotic [1950c] -- 14. De Principiis Non Disputandum… ? [1950a] -- 15. Empiricism at Bay? [1971e] -- 16. The Mind-Body Problem in the Development of Logical Empiricism [1950d] -- 17. Physicalism, Unity of Science and the Foundations of Psychology [1963d] -- 18. Mind-Body, Not a Pseudoproblem [1960] -- 19. Some Crucial Issues of Mind-Body Monism [1971a] -- 20. Naturalism and Humanism [1949a] -- 21. Validation and Vindication: An Analysis of the Nature and the Limits of Ethical Arguments [1952] -- 22. Everybody Talks about the Temperature [1964c] -- 23. Is Science Relevant to Theology? [1966a] -- 24. Ethics, Religion, and Scientific Humanism [1969e] -- Bibliography of Works Cited -- Bibliography of Herbert Feigl -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: The title is his own. Herbert Feigl, the provocateur and the soul (if we may put it so) of modesty, wrote to me some years ago, "I'm more of a catalyst than producer of new and original ideas all my life . . . ", but then he com­ pleted the self-appraisal: " . . . with just a few exceptions perhaps". We need not argue for the creative nature of catalysis, but will simply remark that there are 'new and original ideas' in the twenty-four papers selected for this volume, in the extraordinary aperrus of the 25-year-old Feigl in his Vienna dissertation of 1927 on Zufall und Gesetz, in the creative critique and articulation in his classical monograph of 1958 on The 'Mental' and the 'Physical'; and the reader will want to turn to some of the seventy other titles in our Feigl bibliography appended. Professor Feigl has been a model philosophical worker: above all else, honest, self-aware, open-minded and open-hearted; keenly, devotedly, and even arduously the student of the sciences, he has been a logician and an empiricist. Early on, he brought the Vienna Circle to America, and much later he helped to bring it back to Central Europe. The story of the logical empiricist movement, and of Herbert Feigl's part in it, has often been told, importantly by Feigl himself in four papers we have included here.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 69
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400984431
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: Online-Ressource (318p) , digital
    Ausgabe: Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
    Serie: The University of Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 17
    Serie: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 17
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Schlagwort(e): Philosophy (General) ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Ethics ; Biology—Philosophy. ; Science—Philosophy.
    Kurzfassung: 1. The Structure of Evolutionary Theory -- 1.1. Three features of physico-chemical theories -- 1.2. Evolutionary theory and the observational/theoretical dichotomy -- 1.3. Is evolutionary theory hypothetico-deductive? -- 1.4. But is genetics really part of evolutionary theory? -- 1.5. The consilient nature of evolutionary theory -- 1.6. Conclusion -- Notes -- 2. The Evidence for Evolutionary Theory -- 2.1. Evidence for the synthetic theory’s core -- 2.2. Evidence for the whole theory -- 2.3. Rivals: The first chapter of Genesis -- 2.4. Rivals: Lamarckism -- 2.5. Rivals: Saltationism -- 2.6. Rivals: Orthogenesis -- 2.7. Evolutionary logic -- Notes -- 3. Karl Popper and Evolutionary Biology -- 3.1. Evolutionary theory as a metaphysical research programme -- 3.2. The problem of speciation -- 3.3. Is natural selection a tautology? -- 3.4. The problem of gradual change -- 3.5. Popperian saltationism -- 3.6. Evolutionary biology and evolutionary epistemology -- 4. The Last Word on Teleology, or Optimality Models Vindicated -- 4.1. The teleology of biology -- 4.2. Artifacts and adaption -- 4.3. Consequences and amplifications -- Notes -- 5. The Molecular Revolution in Genetics -- 5.1. Scientific advance: reduction or replacement? -- 5.2. What kind of revolution occurred in genetics? -- 5.3. But did ‘strong’ reduction really occur? -- 5.4. David Hull objects -- Notes -- 6. Does Genetic Counselling Really Raise The Quality of Life? -- 6.1. Genetic counseling -- 6.2. The John F. Kennedy Institute Tay-Sachs programme -- 6.3. The limitations to genetic counseling -- 6.4. The problem of abortion -- 6.5. The problem of the poor -- 6.6. The problem of minorities -- 6.7. What is genetic disease? -- 6.8. Conclusion -- Notes -- 7. The Recombinant Dna Debate: A Tempest in A Test Tube? -- 7.1. The recombinant DNA debate -- 7.2. The nature of recombinant DNA research -- 7.3. The positive case for recombinant DNA research -- 7.4. The negative case against recombinant DNA research -- 7.5. Do the benefits outweight the risks? -- 7.6. The dangers of recombinant DNA research -- 7.7. The argument from epidemiology -- 7.8. Recombinant DNA research considered as science -- 7.9. Can one really separate science and technology? -- 7.10. Epilogue -- Notes -- 8. Sociobiology: Sound Science or Muddled Metaphysics? -- 8.1. What is sociobiology -- 8.2. Humans as seen through the lens of sociobiology -- 8.3. Other sociobiological claims -- 8.4. Is human sociobiology facist? -- 8.5. Is sociobiology prejudiced against homosexuals? -- 8.6. The testability of sociobiology -- 8.7. The falsity of sociobiology -- 8.8. Sociobiology and philosophy -- Notes -- 9. Is Science Sexist? The Case of Sociobiology -- 9.1. How science can show bias -- 9.2. Freudian psychoanalytic theory -- 9.3. The sociobiology of human sexuality: Wilson -- 9.4. The sociobiology of human sexuality: Symons -- 9.5. Is sociobiology sexist? The lesser charges -- 9.6. Is sociobiology sexist? The major charge -- 9.7. Concluding reflections for the feminist -- Notes -- 10. Are Homosexuals Sick? -- 10.1.Two models of health and sickness -- 10.2. The empirical facts about homosexuality -- 10.3. Psychoanalytic causal explanations -- 10.4. Endocrinal causal explanations of homosexuality -- 10.5. Sociobiological causal explanations -- 10.6. Conclusion -- Appendix 1. Matrix comparing sickness models against putative facts about homosexuality -- Appendix 2. Freud’s letter to an American Mother -- Notes -- Name Index.
    Kurzfassung: Philosophy of biology has a long and honourable history. Indeed, like most of the great intellectual achievements of the Western World, it goes back to the Greeks. However, until recently in this century, it was sadly neglected. With a few noteworthy exceptions, someone wishing to delve into the subject had to choose between extremes of insipid vitalism on the one hand, and sterile formalizations of the most elementary biological principles on the other. Whilst philosophy of physics pushed confidently ahead, the philosophy of biology languished. In the past decade, however, things have changed dramatically. A number of energetic and thoughtful young philosophers have made real efforts to master the outlines and details of contemporary biology. They have shown that many stimulating problems emerge when analytic skills are turned towards the life-sciences, particularly if one does not feeI con­ strained to stay only with theoretical parts of biology, but can range over to more medical parts of the spectrum. At the same time, biology itself has had one of the most fruitful yet turbulent periods in its whole history, and more and more biologists have grown to see that many of the problems they face take them beyond the narrow confines of empiric al science: a broader perspective is needed.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 70
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    ISBN: 9780511896002
    Sprache: Englisch
    Seiten: 1 online resource (xii, 233 pages)
    Serie: Interdisciplinary perspectives on modern history
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    Paralleltitel: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 305.5/6
    RVK:
    Schlagwort(e): Sozialgeschichte 1540-1790 ; Geschichte ; Agricultural laborers / England / History ; Household employees / England / History ; Tagelöhner ; Landarbeiter ; Großbritannien ; Hochschulschrift ; Hochschulschrift ; Großbritannien ; Tagelöhner ; Sozialgeschichte 1540-1790 ; Großbritannien ; Landarbeiter ; Sozialgeschichte 1540-1790
    Kurzfassung: Servants in husbandry were unmarried farm workers hired on annual contracts. The institution of service distinguished them in many ways from their chief competitors, day-labourers. Servants were employed on an annual basis; they formed part of their employers' households; they were generally young and unmarried. Service was extremely common - most rural youths in early modern England became servants to farmers, and they composed as much as half of the full-time hired labour force in agriculture. Professor Kussmaul has marshalled information from sources as diverse as marriage registers, militia lists, parish censuses, settlement examinations, account books, records of Quarter Sessions, and the autobiographies of servants and masters, in producing this book which explores this important institution and to consider its wide historiographical implications
    Anmerkung: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
Schließen ⊗
Diese Webseite nutzt Cookies und das Analyse-Tool Matomo. Weitere Informationen finden Sie hier...