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  • English  (193)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401775465
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (335 pages)
    Series Statement: Perspectives in Pragmatics, Philosophy and Psychology Ser. v.6
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 401.45
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Semantics ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Intro -- Dedication -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Irregular Negatives -- 1.1 Regular Negations -- 1.2 Irregular Negations -- 1.3 Marks of Regularity and Irregularity -- 1.3.1 Morphological and Nominal Incorporation -- 1.3.2 "Redundancy" Adverbs -- 1.3.3 Polarity Licensing -- 1.3.4 Not-but Form -- 1.3.5 Focal Stress -- 1.3.6 Intonation -- 1.3.7 Weak Echoicity -- 1.3.8 Clarifying Sequent -- 1.3.9 Tag Questions -- 1.3.10 Clauses with Secondary Verb-Forms -- 1.3.11 'Not' as Negative Pro-Form -- 1.4 Presupposition-Canceling Denials -- 1.5 Other Irregular Negatives -- 1.6 Metalinguistic and Strong Echoic Theories -- 1.7 Burton-Roberts's Theory -- 1.8 Van der Sandt's Theory -- 1.9 Ambiguity -- References -- Chapter 2: Implicature -- 2.1 Speaker Implicature and Saying -- 2.2 Semantic versus Conversational Implicature -- 2.3 General Forms of Conversational Implicature -- 2.3.1 Figures of Speech (Tropes) -- 2.3.2 Modes of Speech -- 2.3.3 Entailment Implicatures -- 2.3.4 Embedded Implicatures -- 2.4 Conventionality -- 2.5 Sentence Implicature -- 2.5.1 Limiting Implicatures -- 2.5.2 Ignorance Implicatures -- 2.5.3 Strengthening Implicatures -- 2.5.4 Evaluative Implicatures -- 2.5.5 Common Litotes -- 2.5.6 Common Metaphors -- 2.5.7 Entailment Implicatures -- 2.5.8 Embedded Implicatures -- 2.5.9 Implicature, Focal Stress, and Topic -- 2.5.10 Conventionality -- References -- Chapter 3: Irregular Negative Conventions -- 3.1 The First Implicature-Denial Rule -- 3.2 Limiting-Implicature Denials -- 3.3 Ignorance-Implicature Denials -- 3.4 Metalinguistic- and Evaluative-Implicature Denials -- 3.5 Strengthening-Implicature Denials -- 3.6 Presupposition-Canceling Denials -- 3.6.1 Conjunction Implicatures -- 3.6.2 Truth or Correctness Implicatures -- 3.6.3 The Convention -- 3.6.4 The Liar's "Revenge" -- 3.7 Subcontraries and NL Contradictories.
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789401793193
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 256 p. 6 illus., 3 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: Landscapes: the Arts, Aesthetics, and Education 15
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Philosophy of music education challenged
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    Keywords: Education ; Education ; Education Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 ; Musik ; Pädagogik ; Bildung ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 ; Musik ; Pädagogik ; Bildung
    Abstract: This volume offers key insights into the crisis of legitimization that music as a subject of arts education seems to be in. Music as an educational subject is under intense pressure, both economically, due to the reduction of education budgets, as well as due to a loss of status with policy makers. The contributions in this book illuminate Martin Heidegger’s thinking as a highly cogent theoretical framework for understanding the nature and depth of this crisis. The contributors explore from various angles the relationship between the pressure on music education and the foundations of our technical and rationalized modern society, and lead the way on the indispensable first steps towards reconnecting the cultural practices of education with music and its valuable contributions to personal development
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: An Ontological Turn in the Field of Music and Music EducationPart I Technical Rationality and Nihilism -- 1. Musings of Heidegger: Arts Education and the Mall as a ‘debased’ (Dreyfus) work of Art -- 2. The Intrinsic Value of Musical Experience. A Rethinking: Why and How? -- 3. Ways of Revealing: Music Education Responses to Music Technology -- 4. Towards an Ontological Turn in Music Education with Heidegger’s Philosophy of being and his Notion of Releasement -- Part II Music and Being -- 5. Body - Music - Being: Making Music as Bodily Being in the World -- 6. Music as Art - Art as Being - Being as Music: A Philosophical Investigation into how Music Education can Embrace a Work of Art Based on Heidegger’s Thinking -- Part III Musical Experience -- 7. Music, Truth and Belonging: Listening with Heidegger -- 8. The Phenomenology of Music: Implications for Teenage Identities and Music Education -- 9. Music Education as a Dialogue between the Outer and the Inner: A Jazz Pedagogue’s Philosophy of Music Education -- 10. Pendulum Dialogues and the Re-enchantment of the World -- Part IV Bildung and Truth -- 11. Revisiting the Cave: Heidegger’s Reinterpretation of Plato’s Allegory with Reference to Music Education -- 12. From Heidegger to Dufrenne and Back: Bildung Beyond Subject and Object in Art Experience -- 13. Practice as Self-exploration -- 14. Art and ‘Truth’: Heidegger’s Ontology in Light of Ernst Bloch’s Philosophy of Hope and Hans-Georg Gadamer’s Play-metaphor. Three Impulses for a New Perspective of Musical Bildung.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789400779020
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (196 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    Series Statement: Islamic Philosophy and Occidental Phenomenology in Dialogue Ser. v.7
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 181.07
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Phenomenology ; Islamic philosophy
    Abstract: The contributions, composed in this volume, are inspired not only by the necessity but also by the potentialities of a process which continues and deepens cross-cultural understanding, especially between Islamic and Western philosophy. Following the tradition of an East-Western symphony of thoughts, the authors focus on common horizons and while applying comparative and historical approaches, varieties of unity appear on the ways towards a New Enlightenment. The creative force, orchestrating the harmony in the web of Life, communicates in the mean time with the capacities of human beings, advancing in deciphering its micro-macrocosmic dimensions. Here, the encounter of the Logos of Life Philosophy (A-T. Tymieniecka) and Islamic Philosophy open the space for constructive disputation. In the wake of the crisis of postmodern unknowability, paths towards a new critique of reason go hand in hand with fundamental issues, being reflected newly.
    Abstract: Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Introduction -- Part I: Phenomenology of Life and Metaphysics -- A Metamorphic Logos for Post-metaphysics. From the Phenomenology of Life -- Primum de-construere -- Difficile est restituire/The Difficult Rebuilding -- The Metamorphic Logos of Life -- The Effect of Illumination on the Way Back from Aristotle to Plato -- The `High Point´ of Thought: On the Future Thrust of all Transcendence -- The Sources of Truth in the History of Philosophy -- Introduction -- Of the Two Regularities of Idea -- The Ancient Period -- The Middle Ages and the Modern Times -- Modern Times -- Conclusion -- Necessity and Chance: The Metaphysical Dilemma -- Some Conceptions of Necessity and Chance -- Types of Necessity -- Chance -- Chance and Necessity in Human Affairs -- Human Freedom -- The Metaphysical Dilemma in Necessity and Chance -- Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Comparative and Cross-Cultural Approaches -- The Seal of Philosophy: Tymieniecka´s Phenomenology of Life Versus Islamic Metaphysics -- A Problem of a Static Metaphysical Unity -- Presuppositionlessness Versus the ``Islamization of the Intellect´´ -- Ontological Intuition and Sentience -- Static Versus Ontopoietic Oneness -- Unified Intelligence, Reality and God -- Concluding Remarks -- Confrontation et réconciliation entre l´Islam et l´Occident -- L´islam, religion ou civilisation ? -- L´Islam dans l´histoire occidentale -- La question du seul Dieu -- De certaines erreurs occidentales -- Le vêtement féminin -- L´Islam et l´Occident en opposition -- À la recherche d´une épistémologie de la compréhension -- The Question of Divinity in Newton´s and al-Biruni´s Philosophies of Mathematics: A Comparative Perspective -- Introduction -- Mathematics and God -- Mode of Mathematization -- Mathematical Knowledge -- Relevance to Contemporary Philosophies of Mathematics.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401790116
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 283 p. 186 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Logic, Argumentation & Reasoning, Interdisciplinary Perspectives from the Humanities and Social Sciences 5
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Logik ; Rationalität ; Vernunft
    Abstract: This book contains a selection of the papers presented at the Logic, Reasoning and Rationality 2010 conference (LRR10) in Ghent. The conference aimed at stimulating the use of formal frameworks to explicate concrete cases of human reasoning, and conversely, to challenge scholars in formal studies by presenting them with interesting new cases of actual reasoning. According to the members of the Wiener Kreis, there was a strong connection between logic, reasoning, and rationality and that human reasoning is rational in so far as it is based on (classical) logic. Later, this belief came under attack and logic was deemed inadequate to explicate actual cases of human reasoning. Today, there is a growing interest in reconnecting logic, reasoning and rationality. A central motor for this change was the development of non-classical logics and non-classical formal frameworks. The book contains contributions in various non-classical formal frameworks, case studies that enhance our apprehension of concrete reasoning patterns, and studies of the philosophical implications for our understanding of the notions of rationality
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Erik Weber, Joke Meheus & Dietlinde WoutersChapter 1. Adaptive Logics as a Necessary Tool for Relative Rationality. Including a Section on Logical Pluralism; Diderik Batens -- Chapter 2. A New Approach to Epistemic Logic; Giovanna Corsi and Gabriele Tassi -- Chapter 3. Explaining Capacities: Assessing the Explanatory Power of Models in the Cognitive Sciences; Raoul Gervais -- Chapter 4. Data-driven Induction in Scientific Discovery. A Critical Assessment Based on Kepler’s Discoveries; Albrecht Heeffer -- Chapter 5. Dovetailing Belief Base Revision with (Basic) Truth Approximation; Theo A.F. Kuipers -- Chapter 6. A Method of Generating Modal Logics Defining Jaśkowski’s Discussive D2 Consequence; Marek Nasieniewski and Andrzej Pietruszczak -- Chapter 7. Frontier Theory of Inquiry: Apparent Conflicts between the Ghent Logical Program and the “Darwinian” Selectionist Program; Thomas Nickles -- Chapter 8. On the Propagation of Consistency in Some Systems of Paraconsistent Logic; Hitoshi Omori and Toshiharu Waragai -- Chapter 9. Degrees of Validity and the Logical Paradoxes; Francesco Orilia -- Chapter 10. Contradictory Concepts; Graham Priest -- Chapter 11. Bloody Analogical Reasoning; Dagmar Provijn -- Chapter 12. Another Look at Mathematical Style, as Inspired by Le Lionnais and the OuLiPo; Jean Paul Van Bendegem and Bart Van Kerkhove -- Chapter 13. Internalism Does Entail Scepticism; Jan Willem Wieland -- Chapter 14. Answering by Means of Questions in View of Inferential Erotetic Logic; Andrzej Wiśniewski.
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  • 5
    ISBN: 9789401791472
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (192 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    Series Statement: Studies in the Philosophy of Sociality Ser. v.4
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 111
    RVK:
    Keywords: Social perception.. ; Social cognitive theory ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Perspectives on Social Ontology and Social Cognition brings together contributions discussing issues arising from theoretical and empirical research on social ontology and social cognition. It is the first comprehensive interdisciplinary collection in this rapidly expanding area. The contributors draw upon their diverse backgrounds in philosophy, cognitive science, behavioral economics, sociology of science and anthropology.Based largely on contributions to the first Aarhus-Paris conference held at the University of Aarhus in June 2012, the book addresses such questions as: If the reference of concepts like money is fixed by collective acceptance, does it depend on mechanisms that are distinct from those which contribute to understanding the reference of concepts of other kinds of entity What psychological and neural mechanisms, if any, are involved in the constitution, persistence and recognition of social factsThe editors' introduction considers strands of research that have gained increasing importance in explaining the cognitive foundations of acts of sociality, for example, the theory that humans are predisposed and motivated to engage in joint action with con-specifics thanks to mechanisms that enable them to share others' mental states. The book also presents a commentary written by John Searle for this volume and an interview in which the editors invite Searle to respond to the various questions raised in the introduction and by the other contributors.
    Abstract: Intro -- Preface and Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Objects in Mind -- 1.1 Part I: Perspectives on Social Ontology -- 1.1.1 Intentionalism, Functions, and Human Kinds -- 1.2 Part II: Perspectives on Social Cognition -- References -- Part I: Perspectives on Social Ontology -- Chapter 2: Are There Social Objects? -- 2.1 Status Functions and Institutional Facts -- 2.2 The Priority of Facts over Objects -- 2.3 A Conversation with John Searle: By Mattia Gallotti and John Michael -- Chapter 3: Deflating Socially Constructed Objects: What Thoughts Do to the World -- 3.1 Some Preliminaries: Social Causes and Social Definitions -- 3.2 Artifacts as "Socially Constituted" -- 3.3 Conventions -- 3.4 How Moves in Conventional Games Are "Socially Constituted" -- 3.5 Conventions That Solve Coordination Problems -- 3.6 Simple Illocutionary Acts -- 3.7 Regulated Conventions: Performatives and Declarations -- References -- Chapter 4: How Many Kinds of Glue Hold the Social World Together? -- 4.1 What Is Anchoring? Dividing Social Ontology into Two Fields -- 4.1.1 Descriptive Semantics Versus Foundational Semantics -- 4.1.2 Foundational Schemas and Anchoring Schemas -- 4.2 Multiple Anchoring Schemas -- 4.3 How Can These Glues Be Sticky Enough? -- References -- Chapter 5: On the Nature of Social Kinds -- 5.1 Kinds -- 5.2 The Formula -- 5.3 Necessity -- 5.4 Coordination -- 5.5 Sufficiency -- 5.6 A Farewell to the Difference Thesis -- References -- Chapter 6: Normativity of the Background: A Contextualist Account of Social Facts -- 6.1 The Role of the Background in The Construction of Social Reality -- 6.2 The Background and the Skeptical Paradox -- 6.3 The Role of the Background in Making the Social World -- 6.4 Rules and Norms -- 6.5 The Case of Freestanding Y Terms -- 6.6 Conclusion -- References.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400768062
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 201 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in Global Justice 12
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Schuppert, Fabian Freedom, recognition and non-domination
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Hochschulschrift ; Anerkennung ; Autonomie ; Handlungsfreiheit ; Philosophie ; Soziale Gerechtigkeit
    Abstract: This book offers an original account of a distinctly republican theory of social and global justice. The book starts by exploring the nature and value of Hegelian recognition theory. It shows the importance of that theory for grounding a normative account of free and autonomous agency. It is this normative account of free agency which provides the groundwork for a republican conception of social and global justice, based on the core-ideas of freedom as non-domination and autonomy as non-alienation. As the author argues, republicans should endorse a sufficientarian account of social justice, which focuses on the nature of social relationships and their effects on people's ability to act freely and realize their fundamental interests. On the global level, the book argues for the cosmopolitan extension of the republican principles of non-domination and non-alienation within a multi-level democratic system. In so doing, the book addresses a major gap in the existing literature, presenting an original theory of justice, which combines Hegelian recognition theory and republican ideas of freedom, and applying this hybrid theory to the global domain. Fabian Schuppert creates a grand synthesis uniting neo-republican insights on freedom with Hegelian recognition theory. The result is an account of agency that arises from the idea of non-domination whose aim it is to safeguard individual freedom. When combined with Hegelian recognition theory a social focus also emerges. This amalgam comments on many of the major disputes concerning global justice from a cosmopolitan perspective. Because of the broad scope and the many contemporary discussions engaged this book will be of keen interest to scholars as well as a welcome addition to the classroom. Michael Boylan, Professor and Chair, Philosophy, Marymount University, USA In this highly readable and imaginative book, Schuppert shows how a republican political theory can address the problems of recognition, identity, and non-domination. Moreover, Schuppert demonstrates that Hegel's political philosophy has continuing vitality for the 21st century as he applies it to contemporary policy debates on basic needs, human rights, and cosmopolitanism. Robert Paul Churchill, Professor of Philosophy, George Washington University, USA
    Description / Table of Contents: AcknowledgmentsIntroduction - A Republican Theory of (Global) Justice.- Chapter One: The Nature of Free Rational Agency -- Chapter Two: Analysing Freedom & Autonomy - Recognition, Responsibility and Threats to Agency -- Chapter Three: Needs, Interests and Rights -- Chapter Four: Capabilities, Freedom and Sufficiency -- Chapter Five: Collective Agency, Democracy and Political Institutions -- Chapter Six: Global Justice and Non-Domination -- Conclusion: Freedom, Recognition & Non-Domination -- Bibliography -- Index.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400771406
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 283 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in German Idealism 15
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Kant on proper science
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy (General) Science ; History ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 ; Naturwissenschaften ; Biologie ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 Opus postumum ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 ; Naturwissenschaften ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 ; Biologie ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 Opus postumum ; Biologie
    Abstract: This book provides a novel treatment of Immanuel Kant’s views on proper natural science and biology. The status of biology in Kant’s system of science is often taken to be problematic. By analyzing Kant’s philosophy of biology in relation to his conception of proper science, the present book determines Kant’s views on the scientific status of biology. Combining a broad ideengeschichtlich approach with a detailed historical reconstruction of philosophical and scientific texts, the book establishes important interconnections between Kant’s philosophy of science, his views on biology, and his reception of late 18th century biological theories. It discusses Kant’s views on science and biology as articulated in his published writings and in the Opus postumum. The book shows that although biology is a non-mathematical science and the relation between biology and other natural sciences is not specified, Kant did allow for the possibility of providing scientific explanations in biology and assigned biology a specific domain of investigation.
    Description / Table of Contents: AcknowledgmentsNote on citation and translation -- 1. Introduction: Kant on Science and Biology -- 2. Kant’s Conception of Proper Science -- 3. Mechanical Explanation and Grounding -- 4. Kant on Teleology -- 5. Kant on the Domain and Method of Biology -- 6. Kant on the Systematicity of Physics and the Opus postumum -- 7. Vital Forces and Organisms in the Opus postumum -- 8. Materialism, Hylozoism, and Natural History in the Opus postumum -- 9. Concluding Remarks.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400766150
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 247 p. 1 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library 72
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Bailey, Alan, 1959 - Hume's critique of religion
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Hume, David 1711-1776 ; Religionsphilosophie ; Hume, David 1711-1776 ; Religionsphilosophie
    Abstract: In this volume, authors Alan Bailey and Dan O’Brien examine the full import of David Hume’s arguments and the context of the society in which his work came to fruition. They analyze the nuanced nature of Hume's philosophical discourse and provide an informed look into his position on the possible content and rational justification of religious belief. The authors first detail the pressures and forms of repression that confronted any 18th century thinker wishing to challenge publicly the truth of Christian theism. From there, they offer an overview of Hume's writings on religion, paying particular attention to the inter-relationships between the various works. They show that Hume's writings on religion are best seen as an artfully constructed web of irreligious argument that seeks to push forward a radical outlook, one that only emerges when the attention shifts from the individual sections of the web to its overall structure and context. Even though there is no explicit denial in any of Hume's published writings or private correspondence of the existence of God, the implications of his arguments often seem to point strongly towards atheism. David Hume was one of the leading British critics of Christianity and all forms of religion at a time when public utterances or published writings denying the truth of Christianity were liable to legal prosecution. His philosophical and historical writings offer a sustained and remarkably open critique of religion that is unmatched by any previous author writing in English. Yet, despite Hume’s widespread reputation amongst his contemporaries for extreme irreligion, the subtle and measured manner in which he presents his position means that it remains far from clear how radical his views actually were
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Hume the InfidelChapter 2. Blasphemy, Dissimulation, and Humean Prudence -- Chapter 3. Hume's Writings on Religion -- Chapter 4. Hume on the Intelligibility of Religious Discourse -- Chapter 5. Epistemological Scepticism and Religious Belief -- Chapter 6. That Simple and Sublime Argument -- Chapter 7. The Design Argument and Empirical Evidence of God's Existence -- Chapter 8. The Problem of Evil -- Chapter 9. Miracles -- Chapter 10. The Natural History of Religion -- Chapter 11. Morality -- Chapter 12. History and the Evaluation of Religion -- Chapter 13. Was Hume an Atheist?.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401787802
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 191 p. 10 illus., 1 illus. in color, online resource)
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science, A Series of Books in Philosophy of Science, Methodology, Epistemology, Logic, History of Science, and Related Fields 79
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Poincaré, philosopher of science
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Differentiable dynamical systems ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Differentiable dynamical systems ; Poincaré, Henri 1854-1912 ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This volume presents a selection of papers from the Poincaré Project of the Center for the Philosophy of Science, University of Lisbon, bringing together an international group of scholars with new assessments of Henri Poincaré's philosophy of science-both its historical impact on the foundations of science and mathematics, and its relevance to contemporary philosophical inquiry. The work of Poincaré (1854-1912) extends over many fields within mathematics and mathematical physics. But his scientific work was inseparable from his groundbreaking philosophical reflections, and the scientific ferment in which he participated was inseparable from the philosophical controversies in which he played a pre-eminent part. The subsequent history of the mathematical sciences was profoundly influenced by Poincaré’s philosophical analyses of the relations between and among mathematics, logic, and physics, and, more generally, the relations between formal structures and the world of experience. The papers in this collection illuminate Poincaré’s place within his own historical context as well as the implications of his work for ours
    Description / Table of Contents: PrefaceIntroduction; Robert DiSalle and María de Paz -- Part I Poincaré’s Philosophy of Science -- 1 Portrait of Henri Poincaré as a young philosopher: the formative years (1860-1873); Laurent Rollet -- 2 The Invention of Convention; Janet Folina -- 3 The third way epistemology: A re-characterization of Poincaré’s conventionalism; María de Paz -- 4 Poincaré, Indifferent Hypotheses and Metaphysics; Antonio Videira -- Part II Poincaré on the Foundations of Mathematics -- 5 Poincaré in Göttingen; Reinhard Kahle -- 6 Poincaré on the Principles of the Calculus; Augusto J. Franco de Oliveira -- 7 Does the French Connection (Poincaré, Lautman) provide some insights regarding the thesis that meta-mathematics is an exception to the slogan that mathematics concerns structures?; Gerhard Heinzmann.- Part III Poincaré on the Foundations of Physics -- 8 Henri Poincaré: The status of mechanical explanations and the foundations of statistical mechanics; João Príncipe -- 9 Poincaré: A scientist inspired by his philosophy; Isabella Serra -- 10 Poincaré on the construction of space-time; Robert DiSalle -- Contributors -- Index.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789048129362
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 404 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dao Companion to Classical Confucian Philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Regional planning ; Religion (General) ; Laozi Dao de jing ; Konfuzianismus ; Chinesische Philosophie ; China ; Konfuzianismus ; Politische Ethik ; Angewandte Ethik ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This volume presents both a historical and a systematic examination of the philosophy of classical Confucianism. Taking into account newly unearthed materials and the most recent scholarship, it features contributions by experts in the field, ranging from senior scholars to outstanding early career scholars. The book first presents the historical development of classical Confucianism, detailing its development amidst a fading ancient political theology and a rising wave of creative humanism. It examines the development of the philosophical ideas of Confucius as well as his disciples and his grandson Zisi, the Zisi-Mencius School, Mencius, and Xunzi. Together with this historical development, the book analyzes and critically assesses the philosophy in the Confucian Classics and other major works of these philosophers. The second part systematically examines such philosophical issues as feeling and emotion, the aesthetic appreciation of music, wisdom in poetry, moral psychology, virtue ethics, political thoughts, the relation with the Ultimate Reality, and the concept of harmony in Confucianism. The Philosophy of Classical Confucianism offers an unparalleled examination to the philosophers, basic texts and philosophical concepts and ideas of Classical Confucianism as well as the recently unearthed bamboo slips related to Classical Confucianism. It will prove itself a valuable reference to undergraduate and postgraduate university students and teachers in philosophy, Chinese history, History, Chinese language and Culture
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction: Classical Confucianism in Historical and Comparative Context, Vincent ShenPART I. Historical Development -- 2. The Fading of Political Theology and the Rise of Creative Humanism, Vincent Shen -- 3. The Philosophy of Confucius, NI Peimin -- 4. The Philosophy of Confucius’ Disciples, LO Yuet Keung -- 5. Zisi and the Thought of Zisi and Mencius School, TSAI Zheng-Feng -- 6. The Daxue (Great Learning) and the Zhongyong (Doctrine of the Mean).  Andrew H. Plaks -- 7. Philosophical Thought of Mencius, CHAN Wing-cheuk -- 8. Xunzi as a Systematic Philosopher: Toward Organic Unity of Nature, Mind, and Reason, CHENG Chung-ying -- PART II. Philosophical Issues -- 9. Early Confucian Perspectives on Emotions, Curie Virac -- 10. Art and Aesthetics of Music in Classical Confucianism, Johanna Liu -- 11. Wisdom and Hermeneutics of Poetry in Classical Confucianism, Vincent Shen -- 12. Early Confucian Moral Psychology, SHUN Kwong-loi -- 13. Early Confucian Virtue Ethics: The Virtues of Junzi , Antonio Cua† -- 14. Early Confucian Political Philosophy and Its Contemporary Relevance, BAI Tongdong -- 15. Ultimate Reality and Self-cultivation in Early Confucianism: A Conceptual/Existential Approach , YAN Zhong-hu -- 16. Confucian Harmony: A Philosophical Analysis, LI Chengyang -- List of contributors -- Index.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400746411
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 338 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 208
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dupont, Christian Phenomenology in French philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938 ; Influence ; Philosophy, French ; 20th century ; Phenomenology ; Frankreich ; Phänomenologie ; Rezeption ; Geschichte 1889-1939
    Abstract: This work investigates the early encounters of French philosophers and religious thinkers with the phenomenological philosophy of Edmund Husserl. Following an introductory chapter addressing context and methodology, Chapter 2 argues that Henri Bergson’s insights into lived duration and intuition and Maurice Blondel’s genetic description of action functioned as essential precursors to the French reception of phenomenology. Chapter 3 details the presentations of Husserl and his followers by three successive pairs of French academic philosophers: Léon Noël and Victor Delbos, Lev Shestov and Jean Hering, and Bernard Groethuysen and Georges Gurvitch. Chapter 4 then explores the appropriation of Bergsonian and Blondelian phenomenological insights by Catholic theologians Édouard Le Roy and Pierre Rousselot. Chapter 5 examines applications and critiques of phenomenology by French religious philosophers, including Jean Hering, Joseph Maréchal, and neo-Thomists like Jacques Maritain. A concluding chapter expounds the principal finding that philosophical and theological receptions of phenomenology in France prior to 1939 proceeded independently due to differences in how Bergson and Blondel were perceived by French philosophers and religious thinkers and their respective orientations to the Cartesian and Aristotelian/Thomist intellectual traditions
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 Occasion; 1.2 Contribution; 1.3 Methodology and Terminology; 1.3.1 Definition of Reception; 1.3.2 Definition of Phenomenology; 1.3.3 Definition of Religious Thought; 1.4 Plan; References; Chapter 2: Precursors to the Reception of Phenomenology in France, 1889-1909; 2.1 Three Major Currents in French Philosophy at the End of the Nineteenth Century; 2.1.1 Positivism; 2.1.2 Idealism; 2.1.2.1 Charles Renouvier; 2.1.2.2 Léon Brunschvicg; 2.1.3 Spiritualism; 2.1.3.1 Félix Ravaisson; 2.1.3.2 Jules Lachelier; 2.1.3.3 Émile Boutroux
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1.4 Summary: Anticipations of Phenomenology in French Positivism, Idealism, and Spiritualism2.2 Henri Bergson: Lived Duration and Intuition; 2.2.1 Bergson's Original Insight; 2.2.2 Bergson's Principal Themes: Duration and Intuition; 2.2.2.1 Duration; 2.2.2.2 Intuition; 2.2.3 Bergson as a Precursor to Husserlian Phenomenology; 2.2.3.1 Similarities; 2.2.3.2 Differences; 2.2.3.3 Conclusions; 2.2.4 Bergson's Influence on French Theologians; 2.3 Maurice Blondel: A Phenomenology of Action; 2.3.1 Blondel's Original Insight; 2.3.2 Blondel's Principal Theme: Action
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.3 Blondel as a Precursor to Husserlian Phenomenology2.3.3.1 Critique of Positivist Approaches to Science; 2.3.3.2 Phenomenological Themes: Intentionality, Intuition, and Intersubjectivity; 2.3.3.3 Conclusions; 2.3.4 Blondel's Influence on French Theologians; 2.4 Conclusion: Bergson and Blondel as Precursors to the Reception of Husserlian Phenomenology in France; References; Chapter 3: Four Phases in the Reception of Phenomenology in French Philosophy, 1910-1939; 3.1 Léon Noël and Victor Delbos; 3.1.1 Léon Noël; 3.1.2 Victor Delbos; 3.1.3 Noël and Delbos as Interpreters of Phenomenology
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 Lev Shestov and Jean Hering3.2.1 Lev Shestov; 3.2.2 Jean Hering; 3.2.3 Shestov's Reply to Hering; 3.2.4 Hering's Rebuttal to Shestov; 3.2.5 Shestov and Hering as Interpreters of Phenomenology; 3.3 Bernard Groethuysen and Georges Gurvitch; 3.3.1 Bernard Groethuysen; 3.3.2 Interlude: German Phenomenologists in France; 3.3.3 Georges Gurvitch; 3.3.3.1 Gurvitch on Husserl; 3.3.3.2 Gurvitch on Scheler; 3.3.3.3 Gurvitch on Lask and Hartmann; 3.3.3.4 Gurvitch on Heidegger; 3.3.4 Groethuysen and Gurvitch as Interpreters of Phenomenology; 3.4 Emmanuel Levinas and Jean-Paul Sartre
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4.1 Emmanuel Levinas3.4.1.1 On Husserl's Ideas; 3.4.1.2 Husserl's Theory of Intuition; 3.4.1.3 Heidegger's Ontology; 3.4.2 Jean-Paul Sartre; 3.4.3 Levinas and Sartre as Interpreters of Phenomenology; 3.5 Conclusion: Four Phases in the Reception of Phenomenology in French Philosophy, 1910-1939; 3.5.1 Phase One: Awareness of Husserl as a Critic of Psychologism; 3.5.2 Phase Two: Polemics Over Ideas and the Logos Essay; 3.5.3 Phase Three: Popularization of Phenomenology; 3.5.4 Phase Four: Original French Appropriations of Phenomenology; 3.5.5 Other Figures, Further Aspects; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 4: Receptions of Phenomenological Insights in French Religious Thought, 1901-1929
    Description / Table of Contents: ACKNOWLEDGMENTSINTRODUCTION -- I. The Occasion of the Dissertation -- II. The Contribution of the Dissertation -- III. Methodology and Terminology -- A. Definition of Reception -- B. Definition of Phenomenology -- C. Definition of Religious Thought -- IV. The Plan of the Dissertation -- CHAPTER 1 PRECURSORS TO THE RECEPTION OF PHENOMENOLOGY IN FRANCE, 1889-1909 -- I. Three Major Currents in French Philosophy at the End of the Nineteenth Century -- A. Positivism -- B. Idealism -- C Spiritualism -- D. Conclusion: Anticipations of Phenomenology in French Positivism, Idealism and Spiritualism.-II. Henri Bergson: Lived Duration and Intuition -- A. Bergson’s Original Insight -- B. Bergson’s Principal Themes: Duration and Intuition -- C. Bergson as a Precursor to Husserlian Phenomenology -- D. Bergson’s Influence on French Theologians -- III. Maurice Blondel: A Phenomenology of Action -- A. Blondel’s Original Insight -- B. Blondel’s Principal Theme: Action -- C. Blondel as a Precursor to Husserlian Phenomenology -- D. Blondel’s Influence on French Theologians -- IV. Conclusion: Bergson and Blondel as Precursors to the Reception of Husserlian Phenomenology in France -- CHAPTER 2 FOUR PHASES IN THE RECEPTION OF PHENOMENOLOGY IN FRENCH PHILOSOPHY, 1910-1939 -- I. Léon Noël and Victor Delbos -- A. Léon Noël -- B. Victor Delbos -- C. Noël and Delbos as Interpreters of Phenomenology -- II. Lev Shestov and Jean Héring -- A. Lev Shestov -- B. Jean Héring -- C. Shestov’s Reply to Héring -- D. Héring’s Rebuttal to Shestov -- E. Shestov and Héring as Interpreters of Phenomenology -- III. Bernard Groethuysen and Georges Gurvitch -- A. Bernard Groethuysen -- B. Interlude: German Phenomenologists in France -- C. Georges Gurvitch -- D. Groethuysen and Gurvitch as Interpreters of phenomenology -- IV. Emmanuel Levinas and Jean-Paul Sartre -- A. Emmanuel Levinas -- B. Jean-Paul Sartre -- C. Levinas and Sartre as Interpreters of Phenomenology -- V. Conclusion: Four Phases in the Reception of Phenomenology in French Philosophy, 1910-1939 -- CHAPTER 3 RECEPTIONS OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL INSIGHTS IN FRENCH RELIGIOUS THOUGHT, 1901-1929 -- I. Édouard Le Roy -- A. His Life and Works -- B. Le Roy and Bergson -- C. Le Roy’s Application of Bergsonian Insights to Religious Thought -- D. Le Roy’s Contribution to the Theological Reception of Phenomenology -- II. Pierre Rousselot -- A. His Life and Works -- B. Rousselot and Blondel -- C. Rousselot’s Application of Blondelian Insights to Religious Thought -- D. Rousselot’s Contribution to the Theological Reception of Phenomenology -- CHAPTER 4 RECEPTIONS OF HUSSERLIAN PHENOMENOLOGY IN FRENCH RELIGIOUS THOUGHT, 1926-1939 -- I. Jean Héring -- A. His Life and Works -- B. Phenomenology and the Philosophy of Religion -- C. Héring’s Application of Phenomenology to Religious Thought -- II. Gaston Rabeau -- A. His Life and Works -- B. Phenomenology and Theological Epistemology -- C. Rabeau’s Application of Phenomenology to Religious Thought -- III. Joseph Maréchal -- A. His Life and Works -- B. Phenomenology and the Critical Justification of Metaphysics -- C. Maréchal’s Application of Phenomenology to Religious Thought -- IV. Neo-Thomist Encounters with Phenomenology -- A. The Société Thomiste and the Journée d’Études -- B. Neo-Thomist Appraisals of Phenomenology V. Conclusion: Two Stages in the Reception of Phenomenology in French Religious Thought Prior to 1939 -- CONCLUSION -- I. Receptions of Phenomenology in French Academic Circles prior to 1939 -- II. Appropriations of Phenomenology by French Philosophers -- III. Appropriations of Phenomenology by French Religious Thinkers -- IV. French Receptions of Phenomenology since 1939 -- WORKS CITED.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400770461
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIX, 335 p. 40 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Outstanding Contributions to Logic 1
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy of mind ; Logic design ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy of mind ; Logic design ; Segerberg, Krister 1936- ; Logik
    Abstract: This volume describes and analyzes in a systematic way the great contributions of the philosopher Krister Segerberg to the study of real and doxastic actions. Following an introduction which functions as a roadmap to Segerberg's works on actions, the first part of the book covers relations between actions, intentions and routines, dynamic logic as a theory of action, agency, and deontic logics built upon the logics of actions. The second section explores belief revision and update, iterated and irrevocable beliefs change, dynamic doxastic logic and hypertheories. Segerberg has worked for more than thirty years to analyze the intricacies of real and doxastic actions using formal tools - mostly modal (dynamic) logic and its semantics. He has had such a significant impact on modal logic that "It is hard to roam for long in modal logic without finding Krister Segerberg's traces," as Johan van Benthem notes in his chapter of this book
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Robert TrypuzPART I -- 1. "Krister Segerberg’s Philosophy of Action"; Richmond Thomason -- 2. "The concept of a routine in Segerberg’s philosophy of action"; Dag Elgesem -- 3. "On the Reconciliation of Logics of Agency and Logics of Event Types"; Jan Broersen -- 4. "Three traditions in the logic of action: bringing them together"; Andreas Herzig, Tiago de Lima, Emiliano Lorini, and Nicolas Troquard -- 5. "Deontic Logics based on Boolean Algebra"; Pablo Castro and Piotr Kulicki -- 6. "Dynamic Deontic Logic, Segerberg-Style"; John-Jules Meyer -- PART II -- 7. "Contraction, Revision, Expansion - Representing Belief Change Operations"; Sven Ove Hansson -- 8. "Segerberg on the Paradoxes of Introspective Belief Change"; Erik J Olsson and Sebastian Enqvist -- 9. "Equivalent Beliefs in Dynamic Doxastic Logic"; Robert Goldblatt -- 10. "On revocable and irrevocable belief revision"; Hans van Ditmarsch -- 11. "Actions, belief update, and DDL"; Jérôme Lang -- 12. "DDL as an “Internalization” of Dynamic Belief Revision"; Alexandru Baltag, Virginie Fiutek, and Sonja Smets.- 13. "Two logical faces of belief revision"; Johan van Benthem.
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  • 13
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400771130
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 369 p. 3 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Dao Companions to Chinese Philosophy 4
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dao Companion to the Analects
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Religion (General) ; Kong, Qiu v551-v479 Lun yu ; China ; Philosophie ; Konfuzianismus ; Kong, Qiu v551-v479 Lun yu ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This volume surveys the major philosophical concepts, arguments, and commitments of the Confucian classic, the Analects. In thematically organized chapters, leading scholars provide a detailed, scholarly introduction to the text and the signal ideas ascribed to its protagonist, Confucius. The volume opens with chapters that reflect the latest scholarship on the disputed origins of the text and an overview of the broad commentarial tradition it generated. These are followed by chapters that individually explore key areas of the text’s philosophical landscape, articulating both the sense of concepts such as ren, li, and xiao as well as their place in the wider space of the text. A final section addresses prominent interpretive challenges and scholarly disputes in reading the Analects, evaluating, for example, the alignment between the Analects and contemporary moral theory and the contested nature of its religious sensibility. Dao Companion to the Analects offers a comprehensive and complete survey of the text's philosophical idiom and themes, as well as its history and some of the liveliest current debates surrounding it. This book is an ideal resource for both researchers and advanced students interested in gaining greater insight into one of the earliest and most influential Confucian classics
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction, Amy OlberdingPart I: Text and Context -- 2. History and Formation of the Analects, Tae Hyun Kim and Mark Csikszentmihalyi -- 3. The Commentarial Tradition, John B. Henderson and On-cho Ng -- 4. Confucius and His Community, Yuet Keung Lo -- Part II: The Conceptual Landscape -- 5. Ren 仁 : An Exemplary Life, Karyn Lai -- 6. Ritual and Rightness in the Analects, Hagop Sarkissian -- 7. Family Reverence (xiao 孝) in the Analects: Confucian Role Ethics and the Dynamics of Intergenerational Transmission, Roger T. Ames and Henry Rosemont, Jr -- 8. Language and Ethics in the Analects, Hui-chieh Loy -- 9. Uprightness, Indirection, Transparency, Lisa Raphals -- 10. Cultivating the Self in Concert with Others, David B. Wong -- 11. Perspectives on Moral Failure in the Analects, Amy Olberding -- Part III: Mapping the Landscape: Issues in Interpretation -- 12. The Analects and Moral Theory, Stephen C. Angle -- 13. Religious Thought and Practice in the Analects. Erin M. Cline -- 14. The Analects and Forms of Governance, BAI Tongdong -- Why Care? A Feminist Re-appropriation of Confucian Xiao 孝 Li-Hsiang, Lisa Rosenlee -- 16. Balancing Conservatism and Innovation: The Pragmatic Analects, Sor-hoon Tan -- Index -- Index Locorum.
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789400775633
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 366 p. 25 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 367
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Explanation in the special sciences
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Biologie ; Geschichtswissenschaft ; Interdisziplinarität
    Abstract: Biology and history are often viewed as closely related disciplines, with biology informed by history, especially in its task of charting our evolutionary past. Maximizing the opportunities for cross-fertilization in these two fields requires an accurate reckoning of their commonalities and differences-precisely what this volume sets out to achieve. Specially commissioned essays by a team of recognized international researchers cover the full panoply of topics in these fields and include notable contributions on the correlativity of evolutionary and historical explanations, applying to history the latest causal-mechanical approach in the philosophy of biology, and the question of generalized laws that might pertain across the two subjects. The collection opens with a vital interrogation of general issues on explanation that apart from potentially fruitful areas of interaction (could the etiology of the causal-mechanical perspective in biology account for the historical trajectory of the Roman Empire?) this volume also seeks to chart relative certainties distinguishing explanations in biology and history. It also assesses techniques such as the use of probabilities in biological reconstruction, deployed to overcome the inevitable gaps in physical evidence on early evolution. Methodologies such as causal graphs and semantic explanation receive in-depth analysis. Contributions from a host of prominent and widely read philosophers ensure that this new volume has the stature of a major addition to the literature
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction - Points of Contact between Biology and History; Marie I. Kaiser and Daniel PlengePart I. General Issues on Explanation -- 2. The Ontic Account of Scientific Explanation; Carl F. Craver -- Part II Explanation in the Biological Sciences -- 3. Causal Graphs and Biological Mechanisms; Alexander Gebharter and Marie I. Kaiser -- 4. Semiotic Explanation in the Biological Sciences; Ulrich Krohs -- 5. Mechanisms, Pathomechanisms, and Disease in Scientific Clinical Medicine; Gerhard Müller-Strahl -- 6. The Generalizations of Biology: Historical and Contingent?; Alexander Reutlinger -- 7. Evolutionary Explanations and the Role of Mechanisms; Gerhard Schurz -- Part III Explanation in the Historical Sciences -- 8. Explaining Roman History - A Case Study; Stephan Berry -- 9. Causal Explanation and Historical Meaning: How to Solve the Problem of the Specific Historical Relation between Events; Doris Gerber -- 10. Do Historians Study the Mechanisms of History? A Sketch; Daniel Plenge -- 11. Philosophy of History - Metaphysics and Epistemology; Oliver R. Scholz -- 12. Causal Explanations of Historical Trends; Derek D. Turner -- Part IV Bridging the Two Disciplines -- 13. Aspects of Human Historiographic Explanation: A View from the Philosophy of Science; Stuart Glennan -- 14. History and the Sciences; Philip Kitcher and Daniel Immerwahr -- 15 Explanation and Intervention in Coupled Human and Natural Systems; Daniel Steel -- 16. Biology and Natural History: What Makes the Difference; Aviezer Tucker.
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  • 15
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400779143
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 248 p. 4 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 17
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The moral status of technical artefacts
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Engineering ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Engineering ; Engineering ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Political science ; Technology ; Artefakt ; Ethik ; Technik ; Artefakt ; Ethik ; Technik
    Abstract: This book considers the question: to what extent does it make sense to qualify technical artefacts as moral entities? The authors’ contributions trace recent proposals and topics including instrumental and non-instrumental values of artefacts, agency and artefactual agency, values in and around technologies, and the moral significance of technology. The editors’ introduction explains that as ‘agents’ rather than simply passive instruments, technical artefacts may actively influence their users, changing the way they perceive the world, the way they act in the world and the way they interact with each other. This volume features the work of various experts from around the world, representing a variety of positions on the topic. Contributions explore the contested discourse on agency in humans and artefacts, defend the Value Neutrality Thesis by arguing that technological artefacts do not contain, have or exhibit values, or argue that moral agency involves both human and non-human elements. The book also investigates technological fields that are subject to negative moral valuations due to the harmful effects of some of their products. It includes an analysis of some difficulties arising in Artificial Intelligence and an exploration of values in Chemistry and in Engineering. The Moral Status of Technical Artefacts is an advanced exploration of the various dimensions of the relations between technology and morality
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: the moral status of technical artefacts; Peter Kroes and Peter-Paul VerbeekChapter 1. Agency in Humans and in Artifacts: A Contested Discourse; Carl Mitcham -- Chapter 2. Towards a post-human intra-actional account of sociomaterial agency (and Morality); Lucas Introna -- Chapter 3. Which came first, the doer or the deed?; Allan Hanson -- Chapter 4. Some misunderstandings about the moral significance of technology; Peter-Paul Verbeek -- Chapter 5. “Guns don’t kill, people kill”; values in and/or around technologies; Joe Pitt.-Chapter 6. Can technology embody values?; Ibo van de Poel and Peter Kroes -- Chapter 7. From moral agents to moral factors: the structural ethics approach; Philip Brey -- Chapter 8. Artefactual agency and artefactual moral agency; Deborah G. Johnson and Merel Noorman -- Chapter 9. Artefacts, agency, and action schemes; Christian Illies and Anthonie Meijers -- Chapter 10. Artificial agents and their moral nature; Luciano Floridi -- Chapter 11. The good, the bad, the ugly and the poor: instrumental and non- instrumental values of artefacts; Maarten Franssen -- Chapter 12. Values in Chemistry and Engineering; Sven Ove Hansson.
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  • 16
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400766006
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 269 p. 156 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Handbook of Philosophical Logic 17
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Handbook of philosophical logic ; 17
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic
    Abstract: This second edition of the Handbook of Philosophical Logic reflects great changes in the landscape of philosophical logic since the first edition. It gives readers an idea of that landscape and its relation to computer science and formal language and artificial intelligence. It shows how the increased demand for philosophical logic from computer science and artificial intelligence and computational linguistics accelerated the development of the subject directly and indirectly. This development in turn, directly pushed research forward, stimulated by the needs of applications. New logic areas becameestablished and old areas were enriched and expanded. At the same time, it socially provided employment for generations of logicians residing in computer science, linguistics and electrical engineering departments which of course helped keep the logic community to thrive. The many contributors to this Handbook are active in these application areas and are among the most famous leading figures of applied philosophical logic of our times
    Description / Table of Contents: Editorial Preface; Dov M. GabbayHybrid Logic; Torben Braüner -- Nominal Terms and Nominal Logics: From Foundations to Meta-mathematics; Murdoch J. Gabbay -- Introduction to Labelled Deductive Systems; Dov M. Gabbay -- Index.
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  • 17
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400768390
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 297 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Series Founded by H. L. Van Breda and Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 211
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ciocan, Cristian Heidegger et le problème de la mort
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 ; Tod ; Heidegger, Martin 1889-1976 Sein und Zeit ; Tod ; Existenzial
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage est la première monographie systématique d’expression française dédiée exclusivement au problème heideggérien de la mort. Il se donne pour tâche de clarifier tout l’enjeu de cette question capitale de la pensée de Martin Heidegger. La nouveauté de cette étude réside dans une approche systématique et précise de Sein und Zeit, à partir d’une clarification rigoureuse de la notion d’Existenzial, en interprétant le problème de la mort dans l’articulation des structures fondamentales de l’être du Dasein. Cette approche permet non seulement d’expliciter les différentes couches ontologiques où intervient le phénomène de la mort dans l’analytique existentiale, mais aussi de mettre en lumière la rigueur de l’analyse heideggérienne et la systématicité de sa démarche. En outre, cette investigation explore l’intégralité de la pensée de Heidegger : des écrits de jeunesse jusqu’aux textes les plus tardifs, l’ouvrage retrace non seulement la genèse complexe de cette question, mais aussi son évolution arborescente
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. IntroductionPart 1: Le lieu du problème de la mort dans le contexte des existentiaux.-2. Le lieu du problème de la mort dans Sein und Zeit -- 3. Qu’est-ce qu’un Existenzial? -- Part 3: Itinéraire structurel du phénomène de la mort -- 4. La totalité, la mort et les autres -- 5. La mort à travers l’ouverture du Dasein (première section de Sein und Zeit) -- 6. La mort à travers la deuxième section de Sein und Zeit -- Part 3: Rétrospective et transformation: la genèse du problème de la mort avant Sein und Zeit et son évolution dans la philosophie heideggérienne tardive -- 7. La genèse du problème de la mort dans la pensée du jeune Heidegger -- 8. L’évolution du problème de la mort après Être et temps -- 9. Conclusion -- Annexe I : Bibliographie chronologique du problème heideggérien de la mort (1930-2011) -- Annexe II : Index des termes heideggériens traduits différemment dans les deux versions françaises de Sein und Zeit -- Bibliographie.
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789401788168
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 273 p. 8 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ethics and the arts
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Künste ; Ethik ; Ästhetik ; Geschichte
    Abstract: This book proposes that the highest expression of ethics is an aesthetic. It suggests that the quintessential performance of any field of practice is an art that captures an ethic beyond any literal statement of values. This is toadvocate for a shift in emphasis,away from current juridical approaches to ethics (ethicalcodes or regulation), toward ethics as an aesthetic practice-away from ethics as a minimal requirement, toward ethics as an aspiration. The book explores the relationship between art and ethics: a subject that has fascinated philosophers from ancient Greece to the present. It explores this relationship in all the arts: literature, the visual arts, film, the performing arts, and music. It also examines current issues raised by ‘hybrid’ artists who are working at the ambiguous intersections between art, bioart and bioethics and challenging ethical limits in working with living materials. In considering these issues the book investigates the potential for art and ethics to be mutually challenged and changed in this meeting. The book is aimed at artists and students of the arts, who may be interested in approaching ethics and the arts in a new way. It is also aimed at students and teachers of ethics and philosophy, as well as those working in bioethics and the health professions. It will have appeal to the ‘general educated reader’ as being current, of considerable interest, and offering a perspective on ethics that goes beyond a professional context to include questions about how one approaches ethics in one’s own life and practices
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; References; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction : Ethics and the Arts; Reference; Part I: The Arts and Ethics; Chapter 2: Literature and Ethics: Learning to Read with Emma Bovary; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The Historical Background; 2.3 The Work; 2.4 Conclusion: The Ethics of Reading; References; Chapter 3: Music and Morality; 3.1 Music, Morality, and Philosophy ; 3.2 The Deep Diversity of Musical Practices; 3.3 Musical Resources and Morality; 3.4 Music, Ethos, and Education; References; Chapter 4: Modern Painting and Morality; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Morality in 'Early Modern' Painting
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2.1 The Moral Universe: Gathering of the Ashes4.2.2 Two Bathshebas; 4.3 Modern Painting to 1980; 4.3.1 The Beginnings of Modern Painting; 4.3.2 Rothko; 4.3.3 Andy Warhol; 4.4 Modern Painting from a Moral Perspective; 4.5 Conclusion; References; Chapter 5: The Photograph Not as Proof but as Limit; 5.1 Roland Barthes's Camera Lucida; 5.2 Josh Azzarella and Trevor Paglen; 5.3 Unknowability, Mystery, and Ethical Viewing; References; Chapter 6: Of Redemption: The Good of Film Experience; 6.1 Encountering Cinema; 6.2 Intersecting Ethics; 6.3 Redeeming Cinema and Ethics; 6.4 Risking Redemption
    Description / Table of Contents: ReferencesChapter 7: Movies and Medical Ethics; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Film as a Starting Point for Studying Medical Ethics; 7.3 Engaging Viewers and Delivering Messages Cinematographically; 7.4 Extracted Sequences Illustrate Memorable Moments of a Film's Narrative; 7.5 The Value of Informed Awareness; 7.6 Aesthetics; A Valuable Addition to the Message; 7.7 Conclusion; References; Chapter 8: The House of the Dead-The Ethics and Aesthetics of Documentary; 8.1 The Poem; 8.2 Three Characters-Jaime, Antonio and Almerindo; 8.2.1 Almerindo Act 1: 'The bells'; 8.2.2 Jaime Act 2: 'The deaths'
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.2.3 Antonio Act 3: 'The forgotten'8.3 Activist Documentary Making; References; Chapter 9: Embracing the Unknown, Ethics and Dance; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Spinoza's Ethics; 9.3 Training and Technique; 9.4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 10: Burning Daylight : Contemporary Indigenous Dance, Loss and Cultural Intuition; 10.1 Introduction; 10.2 Marrugeku; 10.3 Burning Daylight Production Outline; 10.4 Contemporary Dance in a Context of Loss and Forced Removal; 10.4.1 Case Study: Researching Burning Daylight ; 10.5 Negotiating the Contemporary in the Native Title Era; 10.5.1 Case Study: Rubibi
    Description / Table of Contents: 10.5.2 Case Study: Memory of Tradition10.6 The Art of Listening; References; Chapter 11: Toward an Intersubjective Ethics of Acting and Actor Training; 11.1 Considering the Intersubjective Space 'Between' in One Performance; 11.1.1 Phenomenological Perspectives on Intersubjectivity; 11.2 Theatre and Ethics: A Brief Overview; 11.3 The Postmodern Condition and Ethics; 11.3.1 Levinas' Ethics of Ethics ; References; Chapter 12: Politics and Ethics in Applied Theatre: Face-to-­Face and Disturbing the Fabric of the Sensible; 12.1 Facing the Other; 12.2 Political Affects
    Description / Table of Contents: 12.3 Sensitising Through Participatory Theatre
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands | Dordrecht : Springer
    ISBN: 9789400757028
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (IX, 340 p. 36 illus)
    Edition: 1st ed. 2013
    Series Statement: Happiness Studies Book Series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 306
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Quality of Life Research ; Positive Psychology ; Political Economy/Economic Systems ; Philosophy of the Social Sciences ; Quality of life ; Positive psychology ; Economic policy ; Economics ; Philosophy and social sciences ; Glück ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Lebensqualität ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Lebensqualität ; Glück
    URL: Volltext  (URL des Erstveröffentlichers)
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400764989
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 105 p, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Philosophy
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Public health ; Psychology, clinical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Public health ; Psychology, clinical ; Psychosomatic Medicine ; Philosophy ; Psychophysiology
    Abstract: This book is a contribution to the understanding of psychosomatic health problems. Inspired by the work of the French phenomenologist Maurice Merleau-Ponty, a phenomenological theory of psychosomatics is worked out as an alternative to traditional, biomedical thinking. The patient who presents somatic symptoms with no clearly discernible lesion or dysfunction presents a problem to the traditional health care system. These symptoms are medically unexplainable, constituting an anomaly for the materialistic understanding of ill health that underlies the practice of modern medicine. The traditiona
    Abstract: This book is a contribution to the understanding of psychosomatic health problems. Inspired by the work of the French phenomenologist Maurice Merleau-Ponty, a phenomenological theory of psychosomatics is worked out as an alternative to traditional, biomedical thinking. The patient who presents somatic symptoms with no clearly discernible lesion or dysfunction presents a problem to the traditional health care system. These symptoms are medically unexplainable, constituting an anomaly for the materialistic understanding of ill health that underlies the practice of modern medicine. The traditional biomedical model is not appropriate for understanding a number of health issues that we call "psychosomatic and for this reason, biomedical theory and practice must be complemented by another theoretical understanding in order to adequately grasp the psychosomatic problematic. This book establishes a complementary understanding of psychosomatic ill health in terms of a non-reductionistic model allowing for the (psychosomatic) expression of the lived body. A thorough presentation of the work Merleau-Ponty is followed by the authors application of his thinking to the phenomenon of psychosomatic pathology.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Expression of thePsychosomatic Bodyfrom a PhenomenologicalPerspective; Contents; Introduction; 1 The Psychosomatic Problematicpsychosomatic problematic; Summary of Traditional Psychosomatic Theories; The Clinical Challenges of Psychosomatic Pathology; References; 2 The Lived Body; Phenomenology; Merleau-PontyMerleau-Ponty's Phenomenologyphenomenology; The Body and the World (Lived Body); Structure and Structure Transformationstructure transformation; References; 3 The Meaning of Meaning; Merleau-PontyMerleau-Ponty on Meaning and Expressionexpression; Language and Expressionexpression
    Description / Table of Contents: References4 The Lived Body (Phenomenology of Perception) and the Flesh (The Visible and the Invisible); From Lived Body to Fleshflesh; The Visible and the Invisible; References; 5 The Phenomenological Psychosomatic Theory; The Collapse in Meaning-Constitution and the Failure of Structure Transformationstructure transformation; Clinical Examples; The Treatment; Teaching and Supervising; References; 6 Health and Illness and Holisticholistic Health; Modern Theories of Health; Holistic Health; Holistic Health in Terms of the Phenomenological Theory of Psychosomatics; 7 Conclusions; Reference
    Description / Table of Contents: Index
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Cover
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  • 21
    ISBN: 9789400760318
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (282 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    Series Statement: Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice Series v.23
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 340.1
    RVK:
    Keywords: Aristotle ; Law -- Philosophy ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This book presents a new view of the legal philosophical texts of Aristotle, offering a richer frame for understanding practical thought, legal reasoning and political experience. The focus is on public virtues and the fact that law depends on political power.
    Abstract: Intro -- Aristotle and The Philosophy of Law: Theory, Practice and Justice -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: Virtue Jurisprudence: Towards an Aretaic Theory of Law -- 1.1 Introduction: The Aretaic Turn in Legal Theory -- 1.2 Motivating the Aretaic Turn -- 1.2.1 Mediocrity and Politicization -- 1.2.2 Modern Moral Philosophy and Contemporary Legal Theory -- 1.2.3 Why Virtue Jurisprudence? -- 1.3 Virtue Ethics -- 1.4 A Virtue Jurisprudence -- 1.4.1 Legislating Virtue: The Aim of Law Is Human Flourishing -- 1.4.2 Virtuous Judging: An Aretaic Theory of Adjudication -- 1.4.2.1 The Judicial Virtues -- 1.4.2.2 Equity and the Rule of Law -- 1.4.2.3 A Virtue-Centered Account of Lawful Judicial Disagreement -- 1.4.2.4 The Virtue of Equity -- 1.5 Conclusion: Towards an Aretaic Theory of Law -- Bibliography -- Chapter 2: Reasoning Against a Deterministic Conception of the World -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The Greek Concept of Free Spirit: Desire -- 2.3 Desire and Habituation -- 2.4 The Indeterminism of Aristotle -- 2.5 Introduction to the Concept of Truth -- 2.6 Determinism and Enlightenment -- 2.6.1 Aristotle -- 2.6.2 Different Relevant Variants of Determinism -- 2.6.2.1 Fundamental Religious Determinism -- 2.6.2.2 Cultivated Religious Determinism -- 2.6.2.3 Scientific Determinism -- 2.6.2.4 Sceptical Determinism -- 2.7 The Secularisation of the Panoptical View: The Rise of Pragmatism -- 2.7.1 The Objective Knowledge of Popper versus the Subjective Knowledge of Aristotle -- 2.7.2 Indeterminism of Popper and Aristotle -- 2.7.3 Growth of Knowledge -- 2.7.4 Intelligent Design -- 2.7.5 Central Propensity Structure -- 2.8 Determinism and the Concept of Law, a Few Conclusive Considerations -- Bibliography -- Chapter 3: Law and the Rule of Law and Its Place Relative to Politeia in Aristotle's Politics -- 3.1 Introduction.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400759343
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (235 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies Ser. v.119
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 191
    RVK:
    Keywords: Sosa, Ernest ; Knowledge, Theory of ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: This volume offers an appreciation of Ernest Sosa's wide philosophical purview, a nuanced assessment of the detail of his thought, and a spur to examine the linkages between the varied topics explored by the subtle mind of this great American scholar.
    Abstract: Intro -- Virtuous Thoughts: The Philosophy of Ernest Sosa -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Virtue, Intuition, and Philosophical Methodology -- 1 The Role of Intuitions in the Epistemology of Philosophy -- 1.1 What Are Intuitions? -- 1.2 Perceptual Models -- 1.3 Factive Models -- 1.4 Competence Models -- 1.5 Mistaken Intuitions Justifying -- 1.6 Virtue Without Intuition? -- 2 Challenges to Intuition -- 2.1 Calibration -- 2.2 Experimentalist Critiques -- 2.3 Do Survey Results Re ect Disagreement? -- 2.4 Defeaters -- 2.5 Arbitrariness -- Bibliography -- Chapter 2: Objective Value and Requirements -- 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- References -- Chapter 3: Realism and Relativism -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Four Forms of Realism -- 2.1 The External World -- 2.2 Supervenient Things -- 2.3 Subjects -- 2.4 Value -- 3 Motivations and Prospects for Realism and Relativism -- 3.1 Seeking Viae Mediae -- 3.2 Realist Relativism? -- 3.3 The Epistemology of Our Commitment to Realism -- 3.4 Toward an Ethical Approach to Metaphysics -- Bibliography -- Chapter 4: The Metaphysics of Persons -- 1 Personal Identity -- 2 The Nature of Persons -- 3 Are Cartesian Souls Intelligible? -- 4 Is Dualistic Interaction Possible? -- 5 The Explosion of Reality -- Bibliography -- Chapter 5: Self-Conception: Sosa on De Se Thought -- 1 The Problem of De Re Thought -- 2 Sosa's Account of De Se Thoughts -- 3 The Token-Re exive Account of De Se Thoughts -- 4 De Se Thoughts and Immunity to Error Through Misidentification -- References -- Chapter 6: Introspective Justification and the Fineness of Grain of Experience -- 1 The Problem of the Speckled Hen -- 2 Challenging the Same Experience Assumption: Fumerton's Proposals -- 2.1 An Indeterminate Number of Speckles? Fineness of Grain Revisited -- 2.2 Fumerton's Acquaintance with Determinables as a Solution -- 2.3 Attention as a Solution.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400776906
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 326 p. 7 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 31
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cartesian empiricisms
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Descartes, René 1596-1650 ; Rezeption
    Abstract: Cartesian Empiricisms considers the role Cartesians played in the acceptance of experiment in natural philosophy during the seventeenth century. It aims to correct a partial image of Cartesian philosophers as paradigmatic system builders who failed to meet challenges posed by the new science’s innovative methods. Studies in this volume argue that far from being strangers to experiment, many Cartesians used and integrated it into their natural philosophies. Chapter 1 reviews the historiographies of early modern philosophy, science, and Cartesianism and their recent critiques. The first part of the volume explores various Cartesian contexts of experiment: the impact of French condemnations of Cartesian philosophy in the second half of the seventeenth century; the relation between Cartesian natural philosophy and the Parisian academies of the 1660s; the complex interplay between Cartesianism and Newtonianism in the Dutch Republic; the Cartesian influence on medical teaching at the University of Duisburg; and the challenges chemistry posed to the Cartesian theory of matter. The second part of the volume examines the work of particular Cartesians, such as Henricus Regius, Robert Desgabets, Jacques Rohault, Burchard de Volder, Antoine Le Grand, and Balthasar Bekker. Together these studies counter scientific revolution narratives that take rationalism and empiricism to be two mutually exclusive epistemological and methodological paradigms. The volume is thus a helpful instrument for anyone interested both in the histories of early modern philosophy and science, as well as for scholars interested in new evaluations of the historiographical tools that framed our traditional narratives
    Description / Table of Contents: AcknowledgmentsAbbreviations List -- List Of Contributors -- Table of Contents.- 1. Introduction; Mihnea Dobre and Tammy Nyden.- Part I: Cartesian Natural Philosophy: Receptions and Context.- 2. Censorship, Condemnations, and the Spread of Cartesianism; Roger Ariew.- 3. Was there a Cartesian Experimentalism in 1660’s France?; Sophie Roux.- 4. Dutch Cartesian Empiricism and the Advent of Newtonianism; Wiep van Bunge.- 5. Heat, Action, Perception: Models of Living Beings in German Medical Cartesianism; Justin Smith.- 6. Could a Practicing Chemical Philosopher be a Cartesian?; Bernard Joly.- Part II: Cartesian Natural Philosophers.- 7. Empiricism Without Metaphysics: Regius’ Cartesian Natural Philosophy; Delphine Bellis.- 8. Robert Desgabets on the Physics and Metaphysics of Blood Transfusion; Patricia Easton.- 9. Rohault’s Cartesian Physics; Mihnea Dobre.- 10. De Volder’s Cartesian Physics and Experimental Pedagogy; Tammy Nyden.- 11. The Cartesian Psychology of Antoine Le Grande; Gary Hatfield.- 12. Mechanical Philosophy in an Enchanted World: Cartesian Empiricism in Balthasar Bekker’s Radical Reformation; Koen Vermeir.- Bio-Bibliographical Appendix for Cartesians Discussed in Part II.- Index.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400707764
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 266 p, online resource)
    Edition: 4th ed. 2013
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 29
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Corlett, J. Angelo, 1958 - Responsibility and punishment
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Humanities ; Criminology ; Law ; Law ; Humanities ; Criminology ; Criminology ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Strafe ; Verantwortlichkeit
    Abstract: This volume provides discussions of both the concept of responsibility and of punishment, and of both individual and collective responsibility. It provides in-depth Socratic and Kantian bases for a new version of retributivism, and defends that version against the main criticisms that have been raised against retributivism in general. It includes chapters on criminal recidivism and capital punishment, as well as one on forgiveness, apology and punishment that is congruent with the basic precepts of the new retributivism defended therein. Finally, chapters on corporate responsibility and punishment are included, with a closing chapter on holding the U.S. accountable for its most recent invasion and occupation of Iraq. The book is well-focused but also presents the widest ranging set of topics of any book of its kind as it demonstrates how the concepts of responsibility and punishment apply to some of the most important problems of our time. “This is one of the best books on punishment, and the Fourth Edition continues its tradition of excellence. The book connects punishment importantly to moral responsibility and desert, and it is comprehensive in its scope, both addressing abstract, theoretical issues and applied issues as well. The topics treated include collective responsibility, apology, forgiveness, capital punishment, and war crimes. Highly recommended.”-John Martin Fischer, Distinguished Professor of Philosophy, University of California, Riverside
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Introduction                                                                                            1: The Problem of Responsibility,- 2: The Problem of Punishment.-3: The Socratic Roots of Retributivism4: Foundations of a Kantian Retributivism -- 5: Assessin Retributivism -- 6: Retributivism and Recidivism -- 7: Forgiveness, Apology, and Retributive Punishment.-   8: Capital Punishment.- 9: The Problem of Collective Responsibility.-10: Corporate Responsibility and Punishment.-11: U.S. Responsibility for War Crimes in Iraq.-Conclusion                                                                                        .
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789400766587
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 251 p. 2 illus, online resource)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 13
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jacques Ellul and the technological society in the 21st century
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Ellul, Jacques 1912-1994 ; Technikphilosophie
    Abstract: This volume rethinks the work of Jacques Ellul (1912-1994) on the centenary of his birth, by presenting an overview of the current debates based on Ellul's insights. As one of the most significant twentieth-century thinkers about technology, Ellul was among the first thinkers to realize the importance of topics such as globalization, terrorism, communication technologies and ecology, and study them from a technological perspective. The book is divided into three sections. The first discusses Ellul’s diagnosis of modern society, and addresses the reception of his work on the technological society, the notion of efficiency, the process of symbolization/de-symbolization, and ecology. The second analyzes communicational and cultural problems, as well as threats and trends in early twenty-first century societies. Many of the issues Ellul saw as crucial - such as energy, propaganda, applied life sciences and communication - continue to be so. In fact they have grown exponentially, on a global scale, producing new forms of risk. Essays in the final section examine the duality of reason and revelation. They pursue an understanding of Ellul in terms of the depth of experience and the traditions of human knowledge, which is to say, on the one hand, the experience of the human being as contained in the rationalist, sociological and philosophical traditions. On the other hand there are the transcendent roots of human existence, as well as “revealed knowledge,” in the mystical and religious traditions. The meeting of these two traditions enables us to look at Ellul’s work as a whole, but above all it opens up a space for examining religious life in the technological society
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Ellul returns; Helena Mateus Jerónimo, José Luís Garcia and Carl MitchamPart I. Civilization of Technique -- Chapter 1. How The Technological Society Became More Important in the United States than in France; Carl Mitcham -- Chapter 2. The Technological Society: Social Theory, McDonaldization and the Prosumer; George Ritzer -- Chapter 3. Are We Still Pursuing Efficiency? Interpreting Jacques Ellul’s Efficiency Principle; Wha-Chul Son -- Chapter 4. Technological Acceleration and the “Ground Floor of Civilization”; Daniel Cérézuelle -- Chapter 5. Technological System and the Problem of Desymbolization; Yuk Hui -- Chapter 6. Against Environmental Protection? Ecological Modernization as “Technician Ecology”; Isabelle Lamaud -- Part II. Autonomous Technology -- Chapter 7. Propaganda and Dissociation from Truth; Langdon Winner -- Chapter 8. An Unseasonable Thinker: How Ellul Engages Cybercultural Criticism; Andoni Alonso -- Chapter 9. Fukushima: A Tsunami of Technological Order; José Luís Garcia and Helena Mateus Jerónimo -- Chapter 10. From the Contaminated Blood Affair to the Mediator Scandal: Public Health, Political Responsibility and Democracy; Patrick Troude-Chastenet -- Chapter 11. Homo Energeticus: Technological Rationality in the Alberta Tar Sands; Nathan Kowalsky and Randolph Haluza-DeLay -- Part III. Reason and Revelation -- Chapter 12. The Reception of Jacques Ellul’s Thought in French Protestantism; Frédéric Rognon -- Chapter 13. Radically Religious: Ecumenical Roots of the Critique of Technological Society; Jennifer Karns Alexander -- Chapter 14. Truth, Reality and the Ten Commandments: Not for Theology Alone; Virginia W. Landgraf -- Chapter 15. Social Intolerability of the Christian Revelation: A Comparative Perspective on the Works of Jacques Ellul and Peter L. Berger; Andrei Ivan -- Chapter 16. Postmodernity, the Phenomenal Mistake: Sacred, Myth and Environment; Gregory Wagenfuhr.
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9789400748101
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (392 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives Internationales d'histoire des Idées Ser. v.210
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 100
    RVK:
    Keywords: Skepticism -- History ; Philosophy ; Konferenzschrift 2009
    Abstract: This groundbreaking volume is the first comprehensive assessment of the extent to which scepticism featured in evolving Enlightenment philosophy, with expert commentary on a range of thinkers including less well known, but nonetheless influential figures.
    Abstract: Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Bibliography -- Contents -- Introduction: What Is Enlightenment Scepticism? A Critical Rereading of Richard Popkin -- Bibliography -- Part I: Early Eighteenth Century Scepticism: From Bayle to Fontenelle -- Bayle and Pyrrhonism: Antinomy, Method, and History -- 1 The Method of Antinomy: The Idea of a Critique and Philosophical Re ections -- 2 Philosophical Application of the Method of Antinomy -- 3 The Method of Antinomy and the History of Philosophy -- Bibliography -- Fideism, Scepticism, or Free-Thought? The Dispute Between Lamy and Saint-Laurens over Metaphysical Knowledge -- 1 (Letters I to IV) The First Question: How Can It Be Proven That God Does Not Annihilate Souls? Saint-Laurens the Christian Rationalist -- 2 (Letters V to X): The Debate Over the Relationship of Faith and Reason, and Over What One Can Know of the Attributes of God. Saint-Laurens the Fideist -- 3 (Letters XI to XIV): The Debate Over the Value of Knowledge: Pyrrhonism at the Heart of the Debate -- Bibliography -- Leibniz's Anti-scepticism -- 1 Leibniz and Foucher's Scepticism -- 2 Leibniz, the Sceptic, the Misosopher, the Sceptician and Bayle -- 3 Leibniz Reads Sextus Empiricus, at Last -- Bibliography -- The Protestant Critics of Bayle at the Dawn of the Enlightenment -- 1 The Sources of Error and the Origins of Scepticism -- 2 Potential Criteria of Certainty -- 3 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- The "Wise Pyrrhonism" of the Académie Royale Des Sciences of Paris: Natural Light and Obscurity of Nature According to Fontenelle -- 1 Physics and Experiment -- 2 Systems in Physics -- 3 Fontenelle's Conception of Knowledge -- Bibliography -- Part II: Enlightenment and Scepticism: From Shaftesbury to Enfield -- Shaftesbury, Hutcheson and Moral Scepticisms -- 1 Shaftesbury and Scepticism -- 2 Shaftesbury's Reponse -- 3 Hutcheson's Moral Sense.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400719910
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 246p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library 70
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, classical ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern
    Abstract: This is the first collection of original essays entirely devoted to a detailed study of the Pyrrhonian tradition. The twelve contributions collected in the present volume combine to offer a historical and systematic analysis of the form of skepticism known as "Pyrrhonism". They discuss whether the Pyrrhonist is an ethically engaged agent, whether he can claim to search for truth, and other thorny questions concerning ancient Pyrrhonism; explore its influence on certain modern thinkers such as Pierre Bayle and David Hume; and, examine Pyrrhonian skepticism in relation to contemporary
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Introduction; References; Contents; Contributors; Part I Ancient Pyrrhonism; 1 How Ethical Can an Ancient Skeptic Be?; 2 Two Kinds of Tranquility: Sextus Empiricus on Ataraxia; 3 The Aims of Skeptical Investigation; 4 Pyrrhonism and the Law of Non-Contradiction; 5 Epistemic Justification and the Limits of Pyrrhonism; Part II Pyrrhonism in Modern Philosophy; 6 Bacons Doctrine of the Idols and Skepticism; 7 Skepticism against Reason in Pierre Baylex2019; s TheoryINTnl; of Toleration; 8 Skepticism and the Possibility of Nature; 9 Hume on Skeptical Arguments
    Description / Table of Contents: Part III Pyrrhonism in Contemporary Philosophy10 Wittgensteinian Pyrrhonism; 11 Skepticism and Disagreement; 12 Can Contemporary Semantics Help the Pyrrhonian Get a Life; Name Index; Subject Index;
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400719231
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 346p. 59 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 23
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Information theory ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Information theory
    Abstract: The relation between logic and knowledge has been at the heart of a lively debate since the 1960s. On the one hand, the epistemic approaches based their formal arguments in the mathematics of Brouwer and intuitionistic logic. Following Michael Dummett, they started to call themselves 'antirealists'. Others persisted with the formal background of the Frege-Tarski tradition, where Cantorian set theory is linked via model theory to classical logic. Jaakko Hintikka tried to unify both traditions by means of what is now known as 'explicit epistemic logic'. Under this view, epistemic contents are in
    Abstract: The relation between logic and knowledge has been at the heart of a lively debate since the 1960s. On the one hand, the epistemic approaches based their formal arguments in the mathematics of Brouwer and intuitionistic logic. Following Michael Dummett, they started to call themselves 'antirealists'. Others persisted with the formal background of the Frege-Tarski tradition, where Cantorian set theory is linked via model theory to classical logic. Jaakko Hintikka tried to unify both traditions by means of what is now known as 'explicit epistemic logic'. Under this view, epistemic contents are in
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; Contributors; 1 On When a Disjunction Is Informative; Patrick Allo; 1.1 Pluralism About Consequence and Content; 1.2 Situated and Worldly Content; 1.3 Factual and Constraining Content; 1.4 Modelling Content; 1.5 Three Objections Revisited; 1.5.1 Burgess' Objection; 1.5.2 Read's Objection; 1.5.3 Priest's Objection; 1.6 Conclusion: A Realist's Pluralism; References; 2 My Own Truth; Alexandre Billon; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The Truth-Teller Is Context-Sensitive; 2.3 The Truth-Teller Is Relative; 2.4 Other Pathologies of Self-Reference
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4.1 The Liar2.4.2 Other Semantic Pathologies; 2.4.3 Immunity to Revenge Problems; 2.5 Dissolutions, Cassations and Resolutions; References; 3 Which Logic for the Radical Anti-realist?; Denis Bonnay and Mikaël Cozic; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 From Anti-realism to Substructural Logic; 3.2.1 Moderate Anti-realism; 3.2.2 Radical Anti-realism; 3.3 Life Without Structural Rules; 3.4 The Anti-realist Justification of Substructural Logic; 3.4.1 High-Level Revisionism; 3.4.2 Low-Level Revisionism; 3.5 A Way Out for Radical Anti-realism?; 3.6 Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: 4 Moore's Paradox as an Argument Against Anti-realismJon Cogburn; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Moorean Validity and Proof Theoretic Semantics; 4.3 On the Inadvisability of Biting the Bullett; 4.3.1 Antirealists Should Reject Unrestricted Moorean Validity; 4.4 A New Restriction Strategy; 4.4.1 Proof That i's Conclusion Is Inconsistent with Unrestricted Moorean Validity; 4.4.2 The Classicist Also Needs the Proposed Restriction; 4.5 Is Antirealism a Moorean Validity? Reflections on Fitch's Proof and Dummett's Program; 4.5.1 Fitch Style Proof of Fitch's Paradox
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.6 Further Reflections on Fitch's Proof4.6.1 A Regimentation of Brogaard and Salerno's Argument Against Tennant; 4.6.2 The Same Argument Without Tennant's Principle; 4.7 Berkeley and Davidson's Use of Moorean Validities; References; 5 The Neutrality of Truth in the Debate Realism vs. Anti-realism; María J. Frápolli; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Truth; 5.3 Realism and Antirealism; 5.4 The Prosentential View; 5.4.1 The Semantic Functions of the Truth Predicate; 5.5 The Syntactic Function of the Truth Predicate; 5.6 The Pragmatic Function of the Truth Predicate
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.7 Epistemology and MetaphysicsReferences; 6 Modalities Without Worlds; Reinhard Kahle; 6.1 Modal Logic; 6.2 Possible Worlds Semantics; 6.3 The Role of Semantics; 6.4 Criticism of Modal Logic; 6.5 An Alternative Analysis of Modalities: Possibility; 6.5.1 Possibility as Independence; 6.5.2 Epistemic Possibility; 6.5.3 The Future; 6.5.4 Ontological Modesty; 6.5.5 A Cross Check; 6.6 An Alternative Analysis of Modalities: Necessity; 6.6.1 Necessity as Binary Relation; 6.6.2 Variety of Alternatives; 6.6.3 Unary Necessity; 6.6.4 The Normative Nature of Unary Necessity
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.7 The Temporal Aspect
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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    ISBN: 9789400718487 , 1283456087 , 9781283456081
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 293p, digital)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 199
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Founding psychoanalysis phenomenologically
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Psychoanalyse ; Philosophie ; Phänomenologie ; Psychoanalyse ; Philosophie ; Phänomenologie ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The present anthology seeks to give an overview of the different approaches to establish a relation between phenomenology and psychoanalysis, primarily from the viewpoint of current phenomenological research. Already during the lifetimes of the two disciplines' founders, Edmund Husserl (1859 - 1938) and Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939), phenomenological and phenomenologically inspired authors were advancing psychoanalytic theses. For both traditions, the Second World War presented a painful and devastating disruption of their development and mutual exchange. During the postwar period, phenomenologi
    Abstract: The present anthology seeks to give an overview of the different approaches to establish a relation between phenomenology and psychoanalysis, primarily from the viewpoint of current phenomenological research. Already during the lifetimes of the two disciplines' founders, Edmund Husserl (1859 - 1938) and Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939), phenomenological and phenomenologically inspired authors were advancing psychoanalytic theses. For both traditions, the Second World War presented a painful and devastating disruption of their development and mutual exchange. During the postwar period, phenomenologi
    Description / Table of Contents: Founding Psychoanalysis Phenomenologically; Contents; Abbreviations; Introduction; Phantasieren und Phantasma bei Husserl und Freud; 1 Husserl. Reine Phantasie und Selbstentzweiung; 1.1 Die Entwicklung von Husserls Phänomenologie des Phantasiebewusstseins; 1.2 Reine Phantasien; 1.3 Das innere Bewusstsein vom Phantasieren; 2 Freud. Phantasieren und unbewusste Phantasmen; 2.1 Die Entwicklung von Freuds Verständnis des Phantasierens; 2.2 Phantasieren und Phantasma; 2.3 Verschiedene Arten von Phantasmen; Notes; Depth Phenomenology of the Emotive Dynamic and the Psychoanalytic Experience
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction2 Phenomenology and Psychology; 3 Psychoanalysis as Inner Psychology; 4 The Psychoanalytic Method of Treatment: Free Association and the Discovery of the Involuntary Idea; 5 The Dream and Unconscious Phantasy as Fields of Subjective Experience; 6 The Dynamic of Psychoanalytic Experience; 6.1 Resistance and Transference; 6.2 The Phenomenon of Resonance and Communication from Unconscious to Unconscious; 7 Phenomenology of Phantasy and the Emotive Dynamic of Unconscious Genesis; 8 Conclusion; Notes; Axiomatics of the Flesh; 1; 1.1 The Axiom of the Indivision of Being
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.2 The Axiom of the Division of Being1.3 The Axiom of Mediation Between Division and Indivision or the Principle of Reversibility; 1.4 The Axiom of Supplementary Texture; Notes; Body Memory and the Unconscious; 1 Introduction: Psychoanalysis and Phenomenology; 2 Body Memory; 3 Body Memory and Life Space; 4 On the Phenomenology of the Unconscious; 5 Trauma and Reiteration; 6 Summary; Notes; References; Psychoanalysis: Philosophy and/or Science of Subjectivity? Prospects for a Dialogue Between Phenomenology, Philosophy of Mind, and Psychoanalysis
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Paul Ricœur's Phenomenological Approach to the Psychoanalytic Experience2 Philosophical Investigations from Philosophy of Mind and Phenomenology Contribute to Psychoanalysis as a Philosophy of the Singular and Irreducible Aspects of the Subjective Mind; 3 Convergent Scientific Data from the Cognitive Field Contribute to Psychoanalysis as a Science of the General Mechanisms of the Subjective Mind; Notes; Berührungspunkte zwischen der „Philosophie" Freuds und der Phänomenologie; 1 Freuds Verhältnis zur Philosophie - ein Phasenmodell
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 Die Annahme der Intentionalität der psychischen Phänomene - Franz Brentanos Einfluss auf Freud und Husserl3 Auf der Suche nach einer neuen Wissensform des Unbewussten - Freuds und Husserls Anknüpfungen an Theodor Lipps; 4 Verschmelzung von psychoanalytischen Grundgedanken mit der Phänomenologie - Ludwig Binswangers Auseinandersetzung mit Freud und Husserl; 5 Offene Fragen; Notes; References; Edmund Husserl and Jacques Lacan: An Ethical Difference in Epistemology?; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; Notes
    Description / Table of Contents: Psychoanalysis and the Logic of Thinking Without Language. How Can We Conceive of Neurotic Displacement, Denying, Inversion etc. as Rational Actions of the Mind?
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    ISBN: 9789400715097 , 1283453401 , 9781283453400
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 212p. 3 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Contributions To Phenomenology 64
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Phenomenology ; Political science Philosophy ; Ästhetisches Verhalten
    Abstract: "Critical Communities and Aesthetic Practices" brings together eminent international philosophers to discuss the inter-dependence of critical communities and aesthetic practices. Their contributions share a hermeneutical commitment to dialogue, both as a model for critique and as a generator of community. Two conclusions emerge: The first is that one's relationships with others will always be central in determining the social, political, and artistic forms that philosophical self-reflection will take. The second is that our practices of aesthetic judgment are bound up with our effort
    Abstract: "Critical Communities and Aesthetic Practices" brings together eminent international philosophers to discuss the inter-dependence of critical communities and aesthetic practices. Their contributions share a hermeneutical commitment to dialogue, both as a model for critique and as a generator of community. Two conclusions emerge: The first is that one's relationships with others will always be central in determining the social, political, and artistic forms that philosophical self-reflection will take. The second is that our practices of aesthetic judgment are bound up with our effort
    Description / Table of Contents: Critical Communities and Aesthetic Practices; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Introduction : Critical Communities and Aesthetic Practices; Part I: Hermeneutics and Aesthetic Practices: Art, Ritual, Interpretation; Chapter 2: Reflections on the Hermeneutics of Creative Acts; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Back to the Origin; 2.3 Kant, Romanticism and Genius; Chapter 3: In Between Word and Image: Philosophical Hermeneutics, Aesthetics and the Inescapable Heritage of Kant; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Ambiguous Image; 3.3 Openness and In Completeness; 3.4 The Instability of Aesthetic Understanding
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.5 In Between Word and Image3.6 The Need for Interpretation; 3.7 Conclusion: Philosophical Hermeneutics and Kant's Inescapable Heritage; Chapter 4: Merleau-Ponty on Cultural Schemas and Childhood Drawing; 4.1 Introduction: Tony O'Connor and Merleau-Ponty; 4.1.1 Childhood Art; 4.2 Conclusion: Cultural Spaces; References; Chapter 5: Art and Edge: Preliminary Reflections; 5.1; 5.2; 5.3; 5.4; 5.5; Chapter 6: From Reflection to Refraction: On Bordwell's Cinema and the Viewing Event; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Bordwell on Classical Cinema: Hurray for Hollywood; 6.3 From Reflection to Refraction
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.4 Conclusion: Towards the Viewing EventChapter 7: A Note on Hölderlin-Translation; Chapter 8: Violence and Splendor: At the Limits of Hermeneutics; Part II: Critical Communities and Aesthetic Subjects: Ethics, Politics, Action; Chapter 9: Community Beyond Instrumental Reason: The Idea of Donation in Deleuze and Lyotard; 9.1 "197.5"; 9.1.1 La volonté du Ciel soit faite en toute chose; 9.2 Points, Lines and Process; 9.3 Withdrawal and Donation; Chapter 10: The Political Horizon of Merleau-Ponty's Ontology; 10.1 Means; 10.2 Motive; 10.3 Opportunity
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 11: Derrida's Specters: Futurity, Finitude, Forgetting11.1 Specters of Marx; 11.2 Debt, Gift and Economy; 11.3 Further Remains; Chapter 12: The Political and Ethical Significance of Waiting: Heidegger and the Legacy of Thinking; 12.1; 12.2; 12.3; Chapter 13: Othering; Part III: Aesthetic Practice and Critical Community: Friendship; Chapter 14: Otogogy , or Friendship, Teaching and the Ear of the Other; 14.1 Teaching, Friendship, Responsibility; 14.2 Otogogy; Chapter 15: Kantian Friendship; Chapter 16: Just Friends: The Ethics of (Postmodern) Relationships
    Description / Table of Contents: 16.1 Justice Without Friendship16.2 Friendship Without Justice; 16.3 The Justice of Friendships; 16.3.1 Modern Friends - With Justice and Liberty for All ( vielleicht / peut-être /maybe); 16.3.2 The Justice of Postmodern Friendships; Chapter 17: The Art of Friendship; 17.1; 17.2; Tony O'Connor Biography; Email Addresses (In Alphabetical Order); Index;
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789048189960
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 241 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in Global Justice 10
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Hegel and global justice
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Political science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 1770-1831 ; Gerechtigkeit ; Globalisierung ; Philosophie ; Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 1770-1831 ; Philosophie ; Gerechtigkeit
    Abstract: Andrew Buchwalter
    Abstract: Hegel and Global Justicedetails the relevance of the thought of G.W.F. Hegel for the burgeoning academic discussions of the topic of global justice. Against the conventional view that Hegel has little constructive to offer to these discussions, this collection, drawing on the expertise of distinguished Hegel scholars and internationally recognized political and social theorists, explicates the contribution both of Hegel himself and his 'dialectical' method to the analysis and understanding ofa wide range of topics associated with the concept of global justice, construed very broadly. These topics include universal human rights, cosmopolitanism, and cosmopolitan justice, transnationalism, international law, global interculturality, a global poverty, cosmopolitan citizenship, global governance, a global public sphere, a global ethos, and a global notion of collective self-identity. Attention is also accorded the value of Hegel's account of mutual recognition for analysing themes in global justice, both as regardsthe politics of recognition at the global level and the conditions for a general account of relations of people and persons under conditions of globalization. In exploring these and related themes, the authors of this book regularly compare Hegel to others who have contributed to the discourse on global justice, including Kant, Marx, Rawls, Habermas, Singer, Pogge, Nussbaum, Appiah, and David Miller.
    Description / Table of Contents: Hegel and Global Justice; Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Hegel and Global Justice: An Introduction; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 A Taxonomy of Main Themes; 1.2.1 Cosmopolitanism; 1.2.2 National Sovereignty; 1.2.3 Universal Human Rights; 1.2.4 Global Poverty and Its Responsibilities; 1.2.5 Institutional Responses to Global Poverty; 1.2.6 Global Governance; 1.2.7 Global Identity; 1.2.8 War; 1.2.9 Recognition; 1.3 Chapter Synopses; 1.3.1 Hegel on Cosmopolitanism, International Relations, and the Challenges of Globalization; 1.3.2 Contra Leviathan: Hegel's Contribution to Cosmopolitan Critique
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.3.3 Between Statism and Cosmopolitanism: Hegel and the Possibility of Global Justice1.3.4 Toleration, Social Identity, and International Justice in Rawls and Hegel; 1.3.5 Hegel, Civil Society, and Globalization; 1.3.6 A Hegelian Approach to Global Poverty; 1.3.7 The Coming World Welfare State Which Hegel Could Not See; 1.3.8 The Citizen of the European Union from a Hegelian Perspective; 1.3.9 Hegel on War, Recognition, and Justice; 1.3.10 Hegel, Global Justice, and Mutual Recognition; 1.4 Conclusion
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 2: Hegel on Cosmopolitanism, International Relations,and the Challenges of Globalization2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Hegel on Cosmopolitanism, International Relations, and Modern Sittlichkeit; 2.3 Hegel on Global Civil Society, Global Violence, and the Possibility of Global Community; 2.4 Conclusion; Bibliography; Chapter 3: Contra Leviathan: Hegel's Contribution to Cosmopolitan Critique; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Misreading Hegel; 3.3 Decentring the Modern State; 3.4 Hegel's Critique of Kant's Cosmopolitanism; 3.5 Beyond Natural Law; Bibliography
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 4: Between Statism and Cosmopolitanism: Hegel and the Possibility of Global Justice4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Hegel on International Relations; 4.2.1 The State as an Independent, Self-sustaining Agent; 4.2.2 Anarchy; 4.2.3 Relations Between States; 4.2.4 Hegel's Realism in International Politics; 4.3 Bringing Together Statism and Cosmopolitanism; 4.4 Towards a Hegelian Theory of Global Justice; 4.5 Conclusion; Bibliography; Chapter 5: Toleration, Social Identity, and International Justicein Rawls and Hegel; 5.1 Decency as an International Norm; 5.2 Human Rights as Free Standing
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.3 Toleration5.4 Toleration and Liberalism; 5.5 Toleration and Cooperation; 5.6 Toleration and Reasonableness; 5.7 Toleration and Culture; 5.8 Hegel and the Value of Culture; 5.9 Right to Freedom; 5.10 Abstract Right and Personhood; 5.11 Moralität and the Right to Subjectivity; 5.12 Rational State; 5.13 Right to Freedom and International Law; 5.14 Conclusion; Bibliography; Chapter 6: Hegel, Civil Society, and Globalization; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Civil Society; 6.3 The Rights of Human Beings in Civil Society; 6.4 Free Trade, Civil Society, and Globalization
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.5 The State and the Cosmopolitan Order
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400740358
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 373 p. 6 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Amsterdam Studies in Jewish Philosophy 15
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Kohler, George Y., 1966 - Reading Maimonides' philosophy in 19th century Germany
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; History ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophy ; History ; Maimonides, Moses 1135-1204 ; Jüdische Philosophie ; Rezeption ; Deutschland ; Reformjudentum ; Geschichte 1800-1930
    Abstract: George Y. Kohler
    Abstract: This book investigates the re-discovery of Maimonides' Guide of the Perplexed by the Wissenschaft des Judentums movement in Germany of the nineteenth and beginning twentieth Germany. Since this movement is inseparably connected with religious reforms that took place at about the same time, it shall be demonstrated how the Reform Movement in Judaism used the Guide for its own agenda of historizing, rationalizing and finally turning Judaism into a philosophical enterprise of 'ethical monotheism'. The study follows the reception of Maimonidean thought, and the Guide specifically, through the nineteenth century, from the first beginnings of early reformers in 1810 and their reading of Maimonides to the development of a sophisticated reform-theology, based on Maimonides, in the writings of Hermann Cohen more then a hundred years later.
    Description / Table of Contents: Reading Maimonides'Philosophy in 19th CenturyGermany; Acknowledgments; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; I; II; III; IV; V; VI; Part I: Maimonides: The Guide for the Reform Movement in Germany; Chapter 2: The Beginnings; Samson R. Hirsch and Simon Scheyer; Chapter 3: The First Reform Rabbis; Abraham Geiger; Heinrich Graetz; Moritz Eisler and Leopold Stein; Chapter 4: The Rabbinical Seminaries; Manuel Joel; David Kaufmann; Anti-Aristotelianism; Philipp Bloch, Wolf Mischel and Israel Finkelscherer; The Baden Prayerbook; Religious Schoolbook and the Jewish Catechism
    Description / Table of Contents: The Moses ben Maimon VolumesFelix Perles, Wilhelm Bacher and Adolf Biach; Chapter 5: The Return to Philosophy; David Neumark; Hermann Cohen; Benzion Kellermann; Part II: Specific Problems in the Reception of Maimonides' Philosophy in Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Germany; Chapter 6: Divine Attributes - The Ethical Concept of God; Manuel Joel; Abraham Geiger and Moritz Eisler; David Kaufmann; Hermann Cohen's Ethics of Maimonides; Benzion Kellermann; Hermann Cohen's Religion of Reason; Chapter 7: The Law; The Reform Approach to the Law; Simon Scheyer's Translation of the Guide
    Description / Table of Contents: Maimonides' Reasons for the CommandmentsThe Frankfurt Conference and Leopold Stein; Moritz Eisler; Abraham Geiger; Heinrich Graetz; David Joel; The Sabians; Leo Bardowicz, Wilhelm Bacher, and Ludwig Pick; Hermann Cohen's Return to Universalism; Maimonides in the Religion of Reason; Cohen on Guide III, 31-32; Cohen on the Commandments Between Man and God; Cohen on the Future of the Torah; Chapter 8: Maimonides and Kant; Salomon Maimon; Manuel Joel; Adolf Schmiedl; Moritz Eisler; David Kaufmann; Wolf Mischel; Israel Friedländer; David Neumark; Julius Guttmann; Moritz Steckelmacher
    Description / Table of Contents: Hermann CohenBenzion Kellermann; Max Freudenthal and Philipp Bloch; Epilogue: The Year 1924; Chapter 9: "Rambam or Maimonides"; Samson Raphael Hirsch; Israel Deutsch and J. Bukofzer; Josef Gugenheimer; The Berlin Orthodox Seminary and Ignatz Münz; David Hoffmann; Simon Eppenstein; Joseph Wohlgemuth; Israel Friedländer; Arnold Klein; Appendix: The Debate Between Julius Guttmann and Leo Strauss; Chapter 10: Conclusions; Primary German Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century Sources on Maimonides' Guide; Bibliography; Modern Secondary Literature; Selected Hebrew Literature; Author Index
    Description / Table of Contents: Subject IndexIndex of Chapters;
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400722606
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXII, 1125p, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 113
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Sadegh-Zadeh, Kazem Handbook of analytic philosophy of medicine
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medicine ; Bioinformatics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medicine ; Bioinformatics ; Medizin ; Philosophie ; Medizinische Ethik ; Medizin ; Philosophie ; Medizinische Ethik
    Abstract: Medical practice is practiced morality and clinical research belongs to normative ethics. The present book elucidates and advances this thesis by: analyzing the structure of medical language, knowledge, and theories; inquiring into the foundations of the clinical encounter; introducing the logic and methodology of clinical decision-making; suggesting comprehensive theories of organism, life, and psyche; of health, illness, and disease; of etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, and therapy; and investigating the moral and metaphysical issues central to medical practice and research
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1. The language of medicine -- pt. 2. Medical praxiology -- pt. 3. Medical epistemology -- pt. 4. Medical deontics -- pt. 5. Medical logic -- pt. 6. Medical metaphysics -- pt. 7. Epilog -- pt. 8. Logical fundamentals.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400723764
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIX, 319p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Philosophical dimensions of human rights
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Human rights ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Menschenrecht ; Rechtsphilosophie
    Abstract: This book presents a unique collection of the most relevant perspectives in contemporary human rights philosophy. Different intellectual traditions are brought together to explore some of the core postmodern issues challenging standard justifications. Widely accessible also to non experts, contributions aim at opening new perspectives on the state of the art of the philosophy of human rights. This makes this book particularly suitable to human rights experts as well as master and doctoral students. Further, while conceived in a uniform and homogeneous way, the book is internally organized arou
    Abstract: This book presents a unique collection of the most relevant perspectives in contemporary human rights philosophy. Different intellectual traditions are brought together to explore some of the core postmodern issues challenging standard justifications. Widely accessible also to non experts, contributions aim at opening new perspectives on the state of the art of the philosophy of human rights. This makes this book particularly suitable to human rights experts as well as master and doctoral students. Further, while conceived in a uniform and homogeneous way, the book is internally organized arou
    Description / Table of Contents: Philosophical Dimensionsof Human Rights; Acknowledgements; Contents; Contributors; Introduction; Part I: Historical and Philosophical Perspectives on Human Rights; Chapter 1: Human Rights in History and Contemporary Practice: Source Materials for Philosophy; 1.1 When Were "Human Rights" Invented?; 1.2 How Should Philosophers View the History of Human Rights?; References; Chapter 2: Philosophy and Human Rights: Contemporary Perspectives; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Skeptical Challenges; 2.2.1 Positivist Skepticism; 2.2.2 Relativist Skepticism; 2.2.3 Realist Skepticism; 2.2.4 Theological Skepticism
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3 Recent Philosophical Work on Human Rights2.3.1 John Rawls; 2.3.2 William Talbott; 2.3.3 James Griffin; 2.4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: Reconsidering Realism on Rights; 3.1 Against Cosmopolitan Caricature; 3.2 Will the Real Realists Please Stand Up?; 3.3 Realism on Rights: A Second Look; 3.4 Realism Against Human Rights or: How Realism Went Wrong; 3.5 Conclusion; References; Part II: The Validit-(ies) of Human Rights; Chapter 4: The Concept of Human Dignity and the Realistic Utopia of Human Rights; I; II; III; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: The Justification of Human Rights and the Basic Right to Justification. A Reflexive Approach*I; II; III; IV; V; VI; VII; VIII; IX; X; References; Chapter 6: Social Harm, Political Judgment, and the Pragmatics of Justification; 6.1 Justice Versus Fairness; 6.2 Justice, Judgment, Justification; 6.3 The Problem of Validity; 6.4 On the Pragmatics of Justification; 6.5 Emancipation Through Deliberation?; 6.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 7: "It All Depends": The Universal and the Contingent in Human Rights; 7.1 Intolerance, Paternalism, and Human-Rights Universalism
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.1.1 Forms of Human-Rights Expansionism7.1.2 The Problem of Defective Representation; 7.1.3 Intolerance and Paternalism; 7.2 Universalism Mediated by Contingency; 7.2.1 The Right Not to Be Discriminated Against; 7.2.2 A Right to Outrageous Speech; 7.2.3 Extra-Political Articulation of Rights; 7.3 Conclusions; References; Chapter 8: Tiny Sparks of Contingency. On the Aesthetics of Human Rights; 8.1 The Unloading Ramp at Auschwitz; 8.2 Neda and the New Law on Earth; 8.3 Visual Iterations; 8.4 Injurable Lives; References; Chapter 9: The Idea of a Charter of Fundamental Human Rights
    Description / Table of Contents: 9.1 The Function and Structure of Legal Sources for Human Rights9.2 Defending a Charter of Fundamental Human Rights Against Frequent Objections; 9.3 The Philosophical Basis of the New Charter of Fundamental Human Rights; 9.4 Concluding Remark; References; Part III: Democracy and Human Rights; Chapter 10: Is There a Human Right to Democracy? Beyond Interventionism and Indifference*; 10.1 Human Rights in Contemporary Discourse; 10.2 A Discourse-Theoretic Account of Human Rights; 10.3 Moral Rights versus Legal Entitlements. A Critique of Nussbaum and Sen
    Description / Table of Contents: 10.4 Cohen and the Human Right to Democracy
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400724044
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 457p. 16 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: The European Philosophy of Science Association Proceedings 1
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. European Philosophy of Science Association EPSA philosophy of science
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Science ; Philosophy ; Congresse ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Amsterdam
    Abstract: This is a collection of high-quality research papers in the philosophy of science, deriving from papers presented at the second meeting of the European Philosophy of Science Association in Amsterdam, October 2009
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Contents; Contributors; 1 Modeling Strategies for Measuring Phenomena In- and Outside the Laboratory; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The Reliability of Measurement; 1.2.1 Inside the Laboratory; 1.2.2 Outside the Laboratory; 1.3 Calibration; 1.4 Gray-Box Models; 1.5 Conclusions; References; 2 Mating Intelligence, Moral Virtues, and Methodological Vices; 2.1 Introduction: Mating Intelligence Theory of the Evolution of Morality; 2.2 Evolutionary Psychology, Moral Psychology, and Sex Differences; 2.3 Two Explanatory Frameworks of the Mating Intelligence Theory; 2.4 Concluding Remarks
    Description / Table of Contents: References3 Rejected Posits, Realism, and the History of Science; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Fresnel on the Ether; 3.3 Refining the Concept; 3.4 An Entrenched Conception; 3.5 Excising the Ether Took Time; 3.6 Concluding Remarks; References; 4 Explanation and Modelization in a Comprehensive Inferential Account; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 An Inferential Approach to Scientific Discourse and Inquiry; 4.3 Explanation as a Speech Act; 4.4 Explanation in Scientific Dialogues: Credibility vs Enlightening; 4.5 Conclusion; References; 5 Standards in History: Evaluating Success in Stem Cell Experiments
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.1 Introduction5.2 Stem Cells and Gold Standards; 5.3 History in the Blood; 5.4 Establishing Standards; 5.5 Evaluating Experiments; 5.6 Conclusion; References; 6 Modeling Scientific Evidence: The Challenge of Specifying Likelihoods; 6.1 The Foundation Challenge; 6.2 The Specification Challenge; 6.2.1 Broad Specification; 6.2.2 Narrow Specification; 6.2.3 Formal Problems with Substantive Implications; 6.3 Specification and Epistemic Foundations; References; 7 Persistence in Minkowski Space-Time; 7.1 Persistence of Spatially Extended Objects
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.1.1 The Argument from 0Explanatory Deficiency0 in Balashov ( 2000a )7.1.2 The Problem of Criss-Crossing Hyperplanes in Gilmore ( 2006 ); References; 8 Genuine versus Deceptive Emotional Displays; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 The Prisoners Dilemma, Positive Assortment and Signalling; 8.3 Emotional Displays as Signals; 8.4 Detection of Deception and Cooperation; 8.5 Proximate Mechanisms for Securing Emotional Translucency; 8.6 Emotions and Common-Interest Interactions; 8.7 Balancing Pressures: Age-Dependent Intensity of Selection; 8.8 Conflicting and Common-Interests Across a Lifetime
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.9 Plasticity of Displays8.10 Conclusion; References; 9 Tales of Tools and Trees: Phylogenetic Analysis and Explanation in Evolutionary Archaeology; 9.1 Introduction: Darwinizing Culture; 9.2 Trees of Tools: How Phylogenetics Came to Archaeology; 9.3 Cladograms in Classification and Explanation; 9.4 Tales of Tools; 9.5 Conclusions and Outlook; References; 10 Sustaining a Rational Disagreement; 10.1 Scientific Disagreements; 10.2 The Dynamic Approach; 10.3 Objections and Replies; 10.4 Other Types of Disagreement; References
    Description / Table of Contents: 11 Philosophical Accounts of Causal Explanation and the Scientific Practice of Psychophysics
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400723733
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 234p. 19 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 264
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Belkind, Ori Physical systems
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Motion ; Philosophy ; Mechanics ; Philosophy ; Special relativity (Physics) ; Philosophy ; Space and time ; Philosophy ; Matter ; Philosophy ; Physikalisches System ; Bewegung ; Philosophie ; Physik ; Materie ; Mechanik ; Spezielle Relativitätstheorie ; Philosophie ; Philosophie ; Physik ; Materie ; Mechanik ; Spezielle Relativitätstheorie ; Philosophie
    Abstract: Based on the concept of a physical system, this book offers a new philosophical interpretation of classical mechanics and the Special Theory of Relativity. According to Belkinds view the role of physical theory is to describe the motions of the parts of a physical system in relation to the motions of the whole. This approach provides a new perspective into the foundations of physical theory, where motions of parts and wholes of physical systems are taken to be fundamental, prior to spacetime, material properties and laws of motion. He defends this claim with a constructive project, deriving basic aspects of classical theories from the motions of parts and wholes. This exciting project will challenge readers to reevaluate how they understand the structure of the physical world in which we live.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; List of Figures; 1 Physical Systems and Physical Thought; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Quantum Mechanics and Particularism; 1.3 Structural Assumptions and Conservation Laws; 1.3.1 The Criterion of Isolation; 1.3.2 The Rule of Composition; 1.4 Structural Definitions; 1.5 Conclusion; 2 Interpretations of Spacetime and the Principle of Relativity; 2.1 The Restricted Principle of Relativity; 2.2 Conventionalism; 2.3 The Geometric Approach to Spacetime; 2.4 The Dynamic Approach to Spacetime; 2.5 Conclusion; 3 Primitive Motion Relationalism; 3.1 Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 A Geometry of PUMs3.3 Galilean Spacetime; 3.3.1 Reconstructing Galilean Spacetime; 3.3.2 Galilean Transformations; 3.4 Flat Relativistic Spacetime; 3.4.1 Reconstructing Flat Relativistic Spacetime; 3.4.2 The Lorentz Transformations; 3.5 Primitive Motion Relationalism vs. Standard Interpretations of Spacetime; 3.6 Conclusion; 4 The Metaphysics of Time; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Flow of Time and Motion; 4.3 The Conflict Between Presentism and Relativity; 4.4 But Eternalism Is False Too; 4.5 Primitive Motion Relationalism and the Metaphysics of Time
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 The History of Newtonian Mass5.1 The Geometric Conception of Mass; 5.2 The Dynamic Conception of Mass; 5.3 Mach's Critique of Newtonian Mass; 6 Physical Systems and Mass; 6.1 Primitive Motion Relationalism and the Expanded Reference Frames; 6.2 The Stretching Parameter and Newtonian Mass; 6.2.1 The Quantity of Matter; 6.2.2 Inertial Mass; 6.3 Conclusion; 7 Structural Assumptions, Newton's Scientific Method, and the Universal Law of Gravitation; 7.1 Hypotheses and Scientific Propositions; 7.2 Structural Assumptions and Their Role in Inductive Reasoning
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.3 Newton's Argument for the Universal Law of Gravitation7.3.1 From the Area Law to the Centripetal Nature of the Force of Gravity; 7.3.2 The Harmonic Rule and the Inverse Squared Distance Nature of the Gravitational Force; 7.3.3 Deriving the Universal Nature of Law of Gravitation; 7.4 Newton's Scientific Method; 8 The Special Theory of Relativity; 8.1 The Expansion Factor and Mass in STR; 8.2 A New Interpretation of Mass in STR; 8.2.1 Kuhn's Thesis of Incommensurability; 8.2.2 Field's Indeterminacy of Reference; 8.2.3 Invariance as a Mark of Objectivity
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.2.4 Einstein's Mass and Energy as Two Manifestationsof Substance9 Conclusion; 9.1 Spacetime; 9.2 Mass; Bibliography; Index;
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400719750 , 1283456486 , 9781283456487
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 421p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 204
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Dufourcq, Annabelle, - 1976- Merleau-Ponty
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ontology ; Phenomenology ; Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, 1908-1961 ; Imagination (Philosophy) ; Merleau-Ponty, Maurice 1908-1961 ; Das Imaginäre ; Imagination ; Wahrnehmung ; Authentizität ; Ontologie ; Phänomenologie ; Merleau-Ponty, Maurice 1908-1961 ; Das Imaginäre ; Imagination ; Wahrnehmung ; Authentizität ; Ontologie ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: Cette étude a pour objet la conception merleau-pontyenne de limaginaire et la manière dont elle conduit à repenser radicalement le réel dans sa totalité et, finalement, à imposer une ontologie dont limaginaire est le principe même, « linstitution de lEtre ».
    Abstract: Cette etude a pour objet la conception merleau-pontyenne de l'imaginaire et la maniere dont elle conduit a repenser radicalement le reel dans sa totalite et, finalement, a imposer une ontologie dont l'imaginaire est le principe meme, A" l'institution de l'Etre A&quot
    Description / Table of Contents: 7: La conscience est néant8: Image, imagination et imaginaire chez Sartre; 9: L'existence et le monde : une écumede néant à la surface de l'Etre; 10: La comédie de l'existence; 11: Remarque : le dépassement du dualismeentre Etre et Néant ébauché dansla philosophie sartrienne; Section III: La définition merleau-pontyennede l'imaginaire en tant que registre particulier aux côtés du réel; 12: Introduction: thématisation de l'imaginaireet défi nition d'une réalité élargie
    Description / Table of Contents: 19: Institutions et reprises créatrices dansune existence "authentique" - profondeet poétique20: Authenticité, imaginaire et réalité; Section V: L'imaginaire est la vraie Stiftung de l'Etre; 21: L'imaginaire comme introduction à l'ontologiepuis comme modèle ontologique fondamental; 22: Une Urstiftung insaisissable : l'Etre commedéhiscence; 23: La profondeur aime les masques : l'Etre commejeu d'images; 24: Conclusion; Bibliographie; Index Nominum; Index Rerum;
    Description / Table of Contents: Merleau-Ponty: une ontologie de l'imaginaire; Remerciements; Table Des Matieres; 1: Introduction; Section I: L'héritage husserlien et les premiersmotifs de la réflexion de Merleau-Ponty :crise de la rationalité, monde oniriqueet risque de folie; 2: Introduction: crise et imaginaire; 3: La crise moderne; 4: La plus grande trouvaille de Husserl selonMerleau-Ponty : le fl ux héraclitéen , entreraison et déraison; 5: Le problème de l'authenticité chezMerleau-Ponty : l'homme et le mondedissous par l'imaginaire ?; Section II: Imagination, néant et inauthenticité chez Sartre; 6: Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 13: Les reprises de la défi nition sartriennede l'imaginaire par Merleau-Ponty,indissociables d'une critique de l'oppositionentre Etre et Néant14: Critique par Merleau-Ponty de la conceptionsartrienne de l'imaginaire; 15: La présence véritable et même décupléedu réel dans l'imaginaire; 16: Proximité entre la redéfi nitionmerleau-pontyenne de l'imaginaireet la réfl exion de Bachelard; Section IV: La conquête de l'authenticité; 17: Introduction: "authenticité" et profondeurpoétique; 18: L'amour imaginaire : un échec nécessaireet fécond. Défi nition générale de l'imaginairecomme institution
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400739291
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 203p, digital)
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook, Institut `Wiener Kreis' Society for the Advancement of the Scientific World Conception 16
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Creath, Richard, 1947 - Rudolf Carnap and the legacy of logical empiricism
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Pragmatism ; Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Carnap, Rudolf 1891-1970 ; Neopositivismus
    URL: Cover
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400739833 , 1280798971 , 9781280798979
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 298p. 17 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 28
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of nature ; Science Philosophy ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Logik ; Wissenschaft ; Metaphysik
    Abstract: James Maclaurin
    Abstract: Rationis Defensor is to be a volume of previously unpublished essays celebrating the life and work of Colin Cheyne. Colin was until recently Head of the Department of Philosophy at the University of Otago, a department that can boast of many famous philosophers among its past and present faculty and which has twice been judged as the strongest research department across all disciplines in governmental research assessments. Colin is the immediate past President of the Australasian Association for Philosophy (New Zealand Division). He is the author of Knowledge, Cause, and Abstract Objects: Causal Objections to Platonism (Springer, 2001) and the editor, with Vladimir Svoboda and Bjorn Jespersen, of Pavel Tichy's Collected Papers in Logic and Philosophy (University of Otago Press, 2005) and, with John Worrall, of Rationality and Reality: Conversations with Alan Musgrave (Springer, 2006). This volume celebrates the dedication to rational enquiry and the philosophical style of Colin Cheyne. It also celebrates the distinctive brand of naturalistic philosophy for which Otago has become known. Contributors to the volume include a wide variety of philosophers, all with a personal connection to Colin, and all of whom are, in their own way, defenders of rationality.
    Description / Table of Contents: Rationis Defensor; Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgements; Contents; Contributors; Part I: In Epistemology; Chapter 1: Getting Over Gettier; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The Gettier Problem; 1.3 Externalism; References; Chapter 2: Justified Believing: Avoiding the Paradox; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Cheyne´s Alleged Paradox; 2.3 Two Internalist Conceptions of Justification; 2.3.1 Subjectively Justified Acts of Believing; 2.3.2 Objectively Justified Acts of Believing; 2.3.3 Related Distinctions; 2.4 Internalism and the Paradox; 2.4.1 Subjective (Deontological) Justification; 2.4.2 Objective Justification
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.5 ConclusionReferences; Chapter 3: Literature and Truthfulness; References; Chapter 4: The Buck-Passing Stops Here; 4.1 Scanlon´s Buck-Passing Arguments; 4.2 Extensions of Scanlon´s Arguments; 4.3 Reversals of Scanlon´s Arguments; 4.4 Further Extensions and Reversals; 4.5 Options for Scanlon; 4.6 Wide Issues; References; Part II: In Science; Chapter 5: Universal Darwinism: Its Scope and Limits; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Part One: The Paradox of Selection; 5.2.1 A Red Herring; 5.3 Part Two: A Profusion of Evolutionary Analyses; 5.3.1 The Problem of Non-genetic Inheritance
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.3.2 Approach One: The Extended Phenotype5.3.3 Approach Two: Memes; 5.3.4 Approach Three: Dual Inheritance; 5.3.5 Approach Four: Developmental Systems Theory; 5.3.6 Approach Five: Extended Replicator Theory; 5.3.7 Why Are There So Many Approaches?; 5.4 Part Three: Natural Selection Meets Functionalism; 5.4.1 Evolution´s Turing Test; 5.5 Conclusions; References; Chapter 6: The Future of Utilitarianism; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 The Broken World; 6.3 Two Models of Intergenerational Justice; 6.4 Towards Moderate Consequentialism; 6.4.1 Hooker´s Rule Consequentialism; 6.5 The Lexical Threshold
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.5.1 Ollie and the Oyster6.6 Lexical Thresholds in a Broken World; 6.7 Three Moderate Consequentialist Tricks; 6.7.1 First Trick. A Background of Innocence; 6.7.2 Second Trick. A Background of Entitlement; 6.7.3 Third Trick. A Liberal Ideal Code; References; Chapter 7: Kant on Experiment; 7.1 Bacon, Boyle, and Hooke; 7.2 Experiments and Hypotheses; 7.2.1 Experiments, Hypotheses, and Preliminary Judgements; 7.2.2 Hypotheses and Induction; 7.2.3 Hypotheses, Certainty, and Probability; 7.2.4 The Three Requirements for a Good Hypothesis; 7.3 Experiments and the Laws of Nature
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.4 Experiments and Heuristic Principles7.5 Conclusion; References; Chapter 8: Did Newton Feign the Corpuscular Hypothesis?; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Experimental Philosophy and the Royal Society; 8.3 Newton´s First Optical Paper; 8.4 Newton´s Method of Hypotheses; 8.5 Newton´s Corpuscular Hypothesis; 8.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 9: The Progress of Scotland and the Experimental Method; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 The Experimental/Speculative Distinction; 9.3 Bacon´s New Atlantis and Philosophical Societies; 9.4 The Evidence; 9.5 The Progress of Scotland; References; Part III: In Metaphysics
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 10: Propositions: Truth vs. Existence
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400739321 , 1280798904 , 9781280798900
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 316 p. 29 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 293
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Chang, Hasok, 1967 - Is water H2O?
    RVK:
    Keywords: Science History ; Chemistry ; Science Philosophy ; Science Study and teaching ; Science, general ; Science History ; Chemistry ; Science Philosophy ; Science Study and teaching ; Wissenschaftsgeschichte ; Chemie ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Chemie ; Wasser ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie
    Abstract: Annotation, This book exhibits deep philosophical quandaries and intricacies of the historical development of science lying behind a simple and fundamental item of common sense in modern science, namely the composition of water as H2O. Three main phases of development are critically re-examined, covering the historical period from the 1760s to the 1860s: the Chemical Revolution (through which water first became recognized as a compound, not an element), early electrochemistry (by which waters compound nature was confirmed), and early atomic chemistry (in which water started out as HO and became H2O). In each case, the author concludes that the empirical evidence available at the time was not decisive in settling the central debates, and therefore the consensus that was reached was unjustified, or at least premature. This leads to a significant re-examination of the realism question in the philosophy of science, and a unique new advocacy for pluralism in science. Each chapter contains three layers, allowing readers to follow various parts of the book at their chosen level of depth and detail. The second major study in "complementary science", this book offers a rare combination of philosophy, history and science in a bid to improve scientific knowledge through history and philosophy of science
    Abstract: This book exhibits deep philosophical quandaries and intricacies of the historical development of science lying behind a simple and fundamental item of common sense in modern science, namely the composition of water as H2O. Three main phases of development are critically re-examined, covering the historical period from the 1760s to the 1860s: the Chemical Revolution (through which water first became recognized as a compound, not an element), early electrochemistry (by which waters compound nature was confirmed), and early atomic chemistry (in which water started out as HO and became H2O). In each case, the author concludes that the empirical evidence available at the time was not decisive in settling the central debates, and therefore the consensus that was reached was unjustified, or at least premature. This leads to a significant re-examination of the realism question in the philosophy of science, and a unique new advocacy for pluralism in science. Each chapter contains three layers, allowing readers to follow various parts of the book at their chosen level of depth and detail. The second major study in 'complementary science', this book offers a rare combination of philosophy, history and science in a bid to improve scientific knowledge through history and philosophy of science.
    Description / Table of Contents: Is Water H2O?; Acknowledgments; Contents; Introduction; References; Chapter 1: Water and the Chemical Revolution; 1.1 The Premature Death of Phlogiston; 1.1.1 Joseph Priestley; 1.1.2 Water; 1.1.3 The Trouble with Lavoisier; 1.1.4 Could Water Be an Element?; 1.2 Why Phlogiston Should Have Lived; 1.2.1 Phlogiston vs. Oxygen; 1.2.1.1 Evaluating Systems of Practice; 1.2.1.2 Problem-Fields; 1.2.1.3 Divergent Epistemic Values; 1.2.1.4 Divergent Instantiations of the Same Value; 1.2.2 What Really Happened in the Chemical Revolution?; 1.2.3 Weights, Composition, and Chemical Practice
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.2.3.1 The Importance of Weight1.2.3.2 Compositionism vs. Principlism; 1.2.4 What Good Is Phlogiston?; 1.2.4.1 Benefits of Phlogiston; 1.2.4.2 Benefits of Phlogiston-Oxygen Interaction; 1.3 Choice, Rationality, and Alternatives; 1.3.1 Rationality; 1.3.2 Social Explanations of the Chemical Revolution; 1.3.3 Incommensurability; 1.3.4 Between Principlism and Compositionism; 1.3.5 Counterfactual History; References; Chapter 2: Electrolysis: Piles of Confusion and Poles of Attraction; 2.1 Electrolysis and Its Discontents; 2.1.1 The Distance Problem; 2.1.2 Electrolysis as Synthesis
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1.3 Lavoisierian Rescue-Hypotheses2.1.4 "No Winner" Is Not "No Win"; 2.2 Electrochemistry Undeterred; 2.2.1 How the Synthesis View Was Eliminated; 2.2.2 How the Lavoisierian Rescue-Hypotheses Fared; 2.2.3 The Character of Compound-Water Electrochemistry; 2.2.3.1 The Stabilization of Experiment; 2.2.3.2 The Diversification of Theory; 2.2.3.3 Pluralism: Benefits of Toleration and Interaction; 2.3 In the Depths of Electrolytic Solutions; 2.3.1 The Value of Studying Messy Science; 2.3.2 Was Priestley Deluded? A View from the Laboratory; 2.3.3 The Intricacies of Ion-Transport
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.4 Disputes on How the Battery Works2.3.5 Ritter and Romanticism; References; Chapter 3: HO or H2O? How Chemists Learned to Count Atoms; 3.1 How Do We Count What We Can't See?; 3.1.1 Unobservability and Circularity; 3.1.2 The Avogadro-Cannizzaro Myth; 3.1.3 Operationalism and Pragmatism in Atomic Chemistry; 3.1.4 From Underdetermination to Pluralism; 3.2 Variety and Convergence in Atomic Chemistry; 3.2.1 Operationalizing the Concept of the Chemical Atom; 3.2.1.1 Weighing by Equivalence; 3.2.1.2 Weighing by Combination; 3.2.1.3 Counting by Volumes; 3.2.1.4 Counting by Specific Heat
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2.1.5 Sorting by Electric Charge3.2.2 Competing Systems of Atomic Chemistry; 3.2.2.1 The Weight-Only System; 3.2.2.2 The Electrochemical Dualistic System; 3.2.2.3 The Physical Volume-Weight System; 3.2.2.4 The Substitution-Type System; 3.2.2.5 The Geometric-Structural System; 3.2.3 The H2O Consensus; 3.2.3.1 Chlorine-Substitution; 3.2.3.2 Atom-Fixing Power; 3.2.3.3 Valency, Realism and Compositionism; 3.2.4 Beyond Consensus; 3.3 From Chemical Complexity to Philosophical Subtlety; 3.3.1 Operationalism; 3.3.2 Realism; 3.3.3 Pragmatism; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 4: Active Realism and the Reality of H2O
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400742925 , 128099682X , 9781280996825
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 274 p. 4 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 8
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Technology Philosophy ; Social sciences Data processing ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Ethics ; Ontology ; Technology Philosophy ; Social sciences Data processing ; Floridi, Luciano 1964- ; Technikphilosophie
    Abstract: Annotation Information and communication technologies of the 20th century have had a significant impact on our daily lives. They have brought new opportunities as well as new challenges for human development. The Philosopher: Luciano Floridi claims that these new technologies have led to a revolutionary shift in our understanding of humanitys nature and its role in the universe. Florodis philosophical analysis of new technologies leads to a novel metaphysical framework in which our understanding of the ultimate nature of reality shifts from a materialist one to an informational one. In this world, all entities, be they natural or artificial, are analyzed as informational entities. This book provides critical reflection to this idea, in four different areas: Information Ethics and The Method of Levels of Abstraction The Information Revolution and Alternative Categorizations of Technological Advancements Applications: Education, Internet and Information Science Epistemic and Ontic Aspects of the Philosophy of Information
    Abstract: Information and communication technologies of the 20th century have had a significant impact on our daily lives. They have brought new opportunities as well as new challenges for human development. The Philosopher: Luciano Floridi claims that these new technologies have led to a revolutionary shift in our understanding of humanitys nature and its role in the universe. Florodis philosophical analysis of new technologies leads to a novel metaphysical framework in which our understanding of the ultimate nature of reality shifts from a materialist one to an informational one. In this world, all entities, be they natural or artificial, are analyzed as informational entities. This book provides critical reflection to this idea, in four different areas: Information Ethics and The Method of Levels of Abstraction The Information Revolution and Alternative Categorizations of Technological Advancements Applications: Education, Internet and Information Science Epistemic and Ontic Aspects of the Philosophy of Information
    Description / Table of Contents: Luciano Floridi's Philosophy of Technology; Preface; References; Contents; Part I: Information Ethics and the Method of Levels of Abstraction; Chapter 1: Floridi's Information Ethics as Macro-ethics and Info-computational Agent-Based Models; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Info-computationalist Perspective on Some Basic Ideas of Information Ethics; 1.2.1 On the Concept of Levels of Abstraction; 1.2.2 On the Idea of Good in Information Ethics; 1.2.3 On the Artificial Agency and Morality; 1.2.4 IE's Constructive/Generative Nature
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.3 Info-computational Models of Intelligent Agent | Systems - A Pragmatic Approach to Moral Responsibility1.3.1 Ethics and Future Intelligent Agents; 1.4 Moral Responsibility, Classical vs. Pragmatic Approaches; 1.4.1 Classical Approach to Moral Responsibility, Causality and Free Will; 1.4.2 Pragmatic (Functional) Approach to Moral Responsibility; 1.5 Moral Responsibility 7 of Artificial Intelligent Systems; 1.6 Distribution of Responsibilities and Handling of Risks in Technical Systems; 1.7 Computational Modeling and Information Ethics; 1.8 Conclusions; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 2: Artificial Agents, Cloud Computing, and Quantum Computing: Applying Floridi's Method of Levels of Abstraction2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Floridi's Theory; 2.2.1 Levels of Abstraction; 2.3 Artificial Agents; 2.4 Artificial Agents and Mapping Table Processing; 2.5 Cloud Computing; 2.6 Quantum Computing; 2.6.1 Distinguishing Quantum and Classical Approaches to Computation; 2.6.2 Quantum Approaches; 2.6.3 Ethical Concerns; 2.7 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Levels of Abstraction and Morality; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Preliminary Concepts; 3.2.1 Action; 3.2.2 Agency
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2.3 On the Very Idea of Levels of Abstraction3.2.4 Morality; 3.3 LoA 2 and Examples of Systems; 3.4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: The Homo Poieticus and the Bridge Between Physis and Techne; 4.1 Physis and Techne in the Digital Era; 4.2 The Homo Poieticus in the E-nvironment; 4.3 The Homo Poieticus : Technoscientist and Philosopher; 4.3.1 The Technoscientist; 4.3.2 The Philosopher; 4.4 Ethics Meets Epistemology; References; Part II: The Information Revolution and Alternative Categorizations of Technological Advancements
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: In the Beginning Was the Word and Then Four Revolutions in the History of Information5.1 A Running Start; 5.2 Four Revolutions in the History of Information; 5.2.1 The Epigraphic Revolution; 5.2.2 The Printing Revolution; 5.2.3 The Multimedia Revolution; 5.2.4 The Digital Revolution; 5.3 Discussion; 5.3.1 Unifying and Differentiating These Information Revolutions; 5.3.2 Technological, Scienti fi c and Cognitive Co-incidence; 5.3.3 Philosophical Entanglements, or Historically Contextualizing the Philosophy of Information; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 6: I Mean It! (And I Cannot Help It): Cognition and (Semantic) Information
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400709072
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 246p. 19 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Trends in Logic 36
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Šramko, Jaroslav Vladyslavovyč, 1963 - Truth and falsehood
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Computer science ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; Mathematical logic. ; Mathematische Logik ; Philosophie ; Intuitionistische Logik
    Abstract: The book presents a thoroughly elaborated logical theory of generalized truth values understood as subsets of some established set of (basic) truth entities. After elucidating the importance of the very notion of a truth value in logic and philosophy, the authors examine some possible ways of generalizing this notion. The useful four-valued logic of first-degree entailment by Nuel Belnap and Michael Dunn and the notion of a bilattice (a lattice of truth values with two ordering relations) constitute the basis for further generalizations. By doing so the authors elaborate the idea of a multilattice and, most notably, a trilattice of truth values - a specific algebraic structure with an information ordering and two distinct logical orderings, one for truth and another for falsity. Each logical order not only induces its own logical vocabulary, but also determines its own entailment relation. Both semantic ans syntactic ways of formalizing these relations by constructing various logical calculi are considered
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3…The Slingshot Argument and Non-Fregean Logic2.4…Non-Fregean Logic and Definite Descriptions non-Fregean logic; 2.5…Non-Fregean Logic and lambda -Expressions; 2.6…Non-Fregean Logic and Indefinite Descriptions; 2.7…Concluding Remarks; 3 Generalized Truth Values: From FOUR2 to SIXTEEN3; Abstract; 3.1…Truth Values as Structured Entities; 3.2…Generalized Valuations, Four-Valued Logic and Bilattices; 3.3…Taking Generalization Seriously: From Isolated Computers to Computer Networks; 3.4…Generalized Truth Values and Multilattices; 3.5…The Trilattice of 16 Truth Values
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.6…Another Example of a Trilattice: Truth Values in Constructive Logics4 Generalized Truth Values: SIXTEEN3 and Beyond; Abstract; 4.1…Entailment Relations on SIXTEEN3; 4.2…First-Degree Systems for SIXTEEN3; 4.2.1 The Languages {\fancyscriptbold{L}t,\; \fancyscriptbold{L}f and Systems {{\bf FDE}}_{\bi{t}}^{\bi{t}}, {{\bf FDE}}_{\bi{f}}^{\bi{f}}; 4.2.2 The Language {\fancyscriptbold{L}}_{\varvec{tf}} for let and lef; 4.3…First-Degree Everywhere; 4.4…Hyper-Contradictions and Generalizations of Priest's Logic; 4.5…An Approach to a Generalization of Kleene's Logic: A Tetralattice
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.6…Uncertainty Versus Lack of Information5 Axiom Systems for Trilattice Logics; Abstract; 5.1…Truth Value Lattices and the Implication Connective; 5.2…From First-Degree Proof Systems to Proof Systems with Modus Ponens; 5.3…Odintsov's Axiomatization of Truth Entailment and Falsity Entailment in SIXTEEN3; 5.3.1 First-Degree Calculi; 5.3.2 Systems with Modus Ponens as the Sole Rule of Inference; 5.4…Discussion; 6 Sequent Systems for Trilattice Logics; Abstract; 6.1…Standard Sequent Systems for Logics Related to SIXTEEN3; 6.2…Alternative Sequent Calculi; 6.3…Extensions
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.5…Harmony ad Infinitum
    Description / Table of Contents: Truth and Falsehood; Preface; Contents; 1 Truth Values; Abstract; 1.1…The Idea of Truth Values; 1.2…Truth Values and the Functional Analysis of Language; 1.3…The Categorial Status of Truth and Falsehood; 1.4…The Ontological Background of Truth Values; 1.5…Logic as the Science of Logical Values; 1.6…Logical Structures; 1.7…Truth Values, Truth Degrees, and Vague Concepts; 2 Truth Values and the Slingshot Argument; Abstract; 2.1…An Argument in Favor of Truth Values; 2.2…Reconstructing the Slingshot Arguments; 2.2.1 Church's Slingshot; 2.2.2 Gödel's Slingshot; 2.2.3 Davidson's Slingshot
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.4…Sequent Calculi for Truth Entailment and Falsity Entailment in SIXTEEN37 Intuitionistic Trilattice Logics; Abstract; 7.1…Introduction; 7.2…Sequent Calculus I16; 7.3…Kripke Completeness for I16; 7.4…Tableau Calculus IT16; 7.5…Kripke Completeness for IT16; 8 Generalized Truth Values and Many-Valued Logics: Harmonious Many-Valued Logics; Abstract; 8.1…Many-Valued Propositional Logics Generalized; 8.2…Designateddesignated truth valueantidesignated truth value and Antidesignated Values; 8.3…Some Separated Finitely-Valued Logics; 8.4…A Harmonious Logic Inspired by the Logic of SIXTEEN3
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400707665 , 1283453231 , 9781283453233
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 157p, digital)
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 25
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Rijt, Jan-Willem van der, 1977 - The importance of assent
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Political science Philosophy ; Criminal Law ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Political science Philosophy ; Criminal Law ; Acquiescence (Psychology) ; Moral and ethical aspects ; Judgment (Ethics) ; Control (Psychology) ; Moral and ethical aspects ; Zwang ; Würde ; Praktische Philosophie ; Zwang ; Würde ; Praktische Philosophie
    Abstract: This book argues that respecting persons as moral agents requires considerable consideration be paid to the subjective moral judgments of individual persons. It shows that such judgments are important independently of their validity or even their reasonableness. Despite the great emphasis on respect for persons in present-day moral theory, the importance of a person's subjective moral judgments has largely been neglected in existing literature. The book focuses particularly on the context of coercion and domination, both key notions in moral and political theory. The book combines Kantian and
    Abstract: This book argues that respecting persons as moral agents requires considerable consideration be paid to the subjective moral judgments of individual persons. It shows that such judgments are important independently of their validity or even their reasonableness. Despite the great emphasis on respect for persons in present-day moral theory, the importance of a person's subjective moral judgments has largely been neglected in existing literature. The book focuses particularly on the context of coercion and domination, both key notions in moral and political theory. The book combines Kantian and
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1. Coercion -- pt. 2. Dignity and interference -- pt. 3. A Kantian reconstruction of republicanism.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400721265
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXV, 352p. 20 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Archimedes, New Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology 29
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Ducheyne, Steffen The main business of natural philosophy
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    Keywords: Science Philosophy ; History ; Humanities / Arts / Design ; Science Philosophy ; History ; Newton, Isaac, ; Sir, 1642-1727 ; Science ; Methodology ; Newton, Isaac 1643-1727 ; Wissenschaft ; Methodologie ; Newton, Isaac 1643-1727 ; Wissenschaft ; Methodologie
    Abstract: In this monograph, a historically detailed and philosophical-systematic study will be undertaken of Newton's scientific methodology. It will be shown that the hypothesis that Newton was a bad or confused methodologist is beset with many difficulties and that Newton was not a simplistic inductivist nor did he believe that causes can be derived unconditionally from phenomena. Special attention will be given to Newton's Principia-style methodology. With respect to Newton's Principia-style methodology, it will be shown that Newton carefully distinguished between the (physico- )mathematical treatment of force and the physical treatment of force and that the former should always precede the latter in order to uncover the forces present in rerum natura more safely. In the (physico- )mathematical treatment of force, Newton explicated the physico-mathematical conditions under which, given the laws of motion, certain motions would occur exactly or quam proxime. Of course, Newton clearly focused on those motions which would be relevant in the study of the systema mundi, i.e. Keplerian motions. It will be shown that the models of Book I are not purely mathematical, but physico-mathematical instead: the idealized motions and forces of the models of Book I are iso-nomological to real-world bodies and forces and they are analyzable by the same technical concepts, i.e. Definitions I-VIII. Given these features, Newton could bridge the gap between mathematics and physics: the physico-mathematical conditions, which are structurally similar to what would become their referents in the context of Book III, are predicated under the same laws that hold in the empirical world and, given the Definitions, one could relate certain technical terms to their quasi-physical measures
    Abstract: In this monograph, Steffen Ducheyne provides a historically detailed and systematically rich explication of Newton's methodology. Throughout the pages of this book, it will be shown that Newton developed a complex natural-philosophical methodology which encompasses procedures to minimize inductive risk during the process of theory formation and which, thereby, surpasses a standard hypothetico-deductive methodological setting. Accordingly, it will be highlighted that the so-called 'Newtonian Revolution' was not restricted to the empirical and theoretical dimensions of science, but applied equal
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgements; Introduction; Contents; List of Figures; Notes to the Reader; Part I Newton's Causal Methodology; 1 Newton and Causes: Something Borrowed and Something New; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Stewart's Objection: The Logical Problem of Analysis and Synthesis; 1.3 Newton's Early Aristotelian Training; 1.4 Textbooks on Logic and Method; 1.5 Newton on Natural-Philosophical Analysis and Synthesis; 1.6 Centripetal Forces as Causes; 1.7 Newton on Action at a Distance; 1.8 Conclusion; 1.9 Coda: Did Newton Actually Mean "Explanations"?
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.9 Appendix: Transcription of CUL Add. Ms. 3968, f. 109r-v [Early 1710s]Part II Newton's Methodology: "The Best Way of Arguing in Natural Philosophy"; 2 Uncovering the Methodology of the Principia (I): The Phase of Model Construction; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Newton's Rejection of the Method of Hypothesis; 2.3 The Strong Version of I. Bernard Cohen's "Newtonian Style" and Its Predicament; 2.4 The Constituents of Newton's Models in Book I; 2.4.1 Newton's Definitions; 2.4.2 Newton's Laws of Motion; 2.4.3 The Mathematical Machinery of the Principia
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4.4 The Constituents of the Models in Books I--II2.5 Crucial Sorts of Propositions of Book I; 2.5.1 Inferring Inverse-Square Centripetal Forces from Exact or Quam Proxime Keplerian Motion; 2.5.2 The Harmonic Rule; 2.5.3 Many-Body Systems; 2.5.4 The Attractive Forces of Spherical Bodies; 2.6 Newton's Methodology Part I: Book I as an "Autonomous Enterprise"; 3 Uncovering the Methodology of the Principia (II): The Phase of Model Application, Theory Formation and Theory Application; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Development and Meaning of Newton's Regulae Philosophandi
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3 Justifying the Absence of a Resisting Medium3.4 The Arguments for Universal Gravitation: The Analysis; 3.4.1 Propositions I--II: The Inference of Inverse-Square Centripetal Forces Acting on the Primary and Secondary Planets; 3.4.2 Propositions III0IV: The Inference of an Inverse-Square Centripetal Force Acting on the Moon; 3.4.3 Proposition V: From Centripetal Force to ''Gravity''; 3.4.4 Proposition VI: Weight-Mass Proportionality; 3.4.5 Proposition VII--VIII: Universal Gravitation; 3.5 The Argument for Universal Gravitation: The Synthesis or the Phase of Theory Application
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.6 An Outline of Newton's Methodology in Book III of the PrincipiaAppendix 1: Relevant Additions and Changes Occurring in the Second Edition of the Principia (1713); Appendix 2: Relevant Additions and Changes Occurring in the Third Edition of the Principia (1726); 4 Facing the Limits of Deductions from Phenomena: Newton's Quest for a Mathematical-Demonstrative Optics; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Opticks as an Incomplete Treatise; 4.3 The Corporality of Light as a Hypothesis; 4.4 Newton's Argument for the Heterogeneity of White Light; 4.5 Scrutinizing Newton's Two Conclusions
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.6 Early Newton's Demonstrative Rhetoric
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400723634
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXI, 355p. 4 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 21
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Comparative linguistics ; Literacy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Comparative linguistics ; Literacy ; Argumentationstheorie ; Logik
    Abstract: J. Anthony Blair is a prominent international figure in argumentation studies. He is among the originators of informal logic, an author of textbooks on the informal logic approach to argument analysis and evaluation and on critical thinking, and a founder and editor of the journal Informal Logic. Blair is widely recognized among the leaders in the field for contributing formative ideas to the argumentation literature of the last few decades. This selection of key works provides insights into the history of the field of argumentation theory and various related disciplines. It illuminates the ce
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Acknowledgements; Introduction; Philosopher of Argument; Theoretical Threads; Master of the Field; Prophetic Voice; Gatekeeper; Contents; Part I Critical Thinking; Introduction; 1 Is There an Obligation to Reason Well; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Moral Obligation and Reasoning Well; 1.3 Two Arguments for the Obligation to Reason Well; 1.4 Some Objections Considered; 2 The Keegstra Affair: A Test Case for Critical Thinking; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Background; 2.3 What Is Wrong with Mr. Keegstra's Theory as a Historical Theory?; 2.4 What Is Wrong with Mr. Keegstra's Methodology of History?
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.5 What Is Wrong with the Way Mr. Keegstra Taught History?2.6 What Can We Do?; 3 What Is Bias?; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Bad and Avoidable Bias; 3.3 Technical Bias; 3.4 Unavoidable and Potentially Dangerous Bias; 3.5 Contingent but Neutral or Good Bias; 3.6 An Understanding of Bias; Postscript; Part II Informal Logic; Introduction; 4 Argument Management, Informal Logic and Critical Thinking; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Argument Management; 4.3 Illative Core Analysis and Evaluation; 4.4 What Is Informal Logic?; 4.5 Other Senses of 'Informal Logic'
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.6 How Is Critical Thinking Related to Informal Logic?4.7 Conclusion; 5 What Is the Right Amount of Support for a Conclusion?; 5.1 Introduction: The Problem; 5.2 One Solution: Deductivism; 5.3 Another Solution: Pragma-Dialectical Theory; 5.4 The Solution? The Dialectical Community; 6 Premissary Relevance; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Premissary Relevance and Other Kinds of Relevance; 6.3 The Property of Premissary Relevance; 6.3.1 The Argument Condition; 6.3.2 The ''Actual Support'' Condition; 6.4 The Property of "Lending Support to"; 6.5 Some Implications of the Account
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.6 Argument Schemes or Topoi6.7 Summary; 7 Premise Adequacy; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Argumentative Quarrels; 7.3 Argumentative Persuasion; 7.4 Hostile Advocacy; 7.5 Neutral Curiosity; 7.6 Refereeing; 7.7 Negotiation; 7.8 Rational Disagreement Resolution; 7.9 Conclusion; 8 Relevance, Acceptability and Sufficiency Today; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Relevance; 8.3 Acceptability; 8.4 Sufficiency; 8.5 Other Objections; 8.6 Conclusion; 9 The "Logic" of Informal Logic; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Review of the Accounts; 9.2.1 Wisdom's Reasoning by Parallels or Case-by-Case Reasoning; 9.2.2 Toulmin's Warrants
    Description / Table of Contents: 9.2.3 Wellman''s ''Conductive'' Reasoning9.2.4 Rescher's Provisoed Assertion and Probative Reasoning; 9.2.5 Defeasible Reasoning; 9.2.6 Walton's Presumptive Reasoning and Presumptive Arguments; 9.3 Similarities and Differences; 9.3.1 ''Validity'' of the Illative Move Explicitly not Deductive or Inductive; 9.3.2 Reasoning vs. Argument; 9.3.3 Distinctive Logic?; 9.3.4 Restrictions on the Domain of Applicationof the Illative Move; 9.3.5 Legitimacy Defended; 9.3.6 Concept of Defeasibility Present; 9.3.7 Concept of Presumption Explicit; 9.3.8 Illative Move Seen Explicitly as Dialectical
    Description / Table of Contents: 9.3.9 Test of a ''Good'' Illative Move
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400722446 , 1283456524 , 9781283456524
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 200p, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 100
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Bioethics critically reconsidered
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Bioethics ; Bioethics ; Political aspects ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Bioethik
    Abstract: Bioethics developed as an academic and clinical discipline during the later part of the 20th century due to a variety of factors. Crucial to this development was the increased secularization of American culture as well as the dissolution of medicine as a quasi-guild with its own professional ethics. In the context of this moral vacuum, bioethics came into existence. Its raison d'etre was opposition to the alleged paternalism of the medical community and traditional moral frameworks, yet at the same time it set itself up as a source of moral authority with respect to biomedical decision making
    Abstract: Bioethics developed as an academic and clinical discipline during the later part of the 20th century due to a variety of factors. Crucial to this development was the increased secularization of American culture as well as the dissolution of medicine as a quasi-guild with its own professional ethics. In the context of this moral vacuum, bioethics came into existence. Its raison d'etre was opposition to the alleged paternalism of the medical community and traditional moral frameworks, yet at the same time it set itself up as a source of moral authority with respect to biomedical decision making
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; Contributors; Notes on Contributors; 1 A Skeptical Reassessment of Bioethics; 1.1 What Is Bioethics, After All: Claims for Moral Expertisein the Face of Intractable Moral Pluralism; 1.2 Success in the Face of Foundational Disagreement; 1.3 The History of Bioethics: Four Perspectives; 1.4 The Practice of Bioethics and Clinical EthicsConsultation: Three Views; 1.5 The Incredible Search for Bioethical Professionalism: Some Final Critical Reflections on Circular Thinking; 1.6 Bioethicists for Hire: A Concluding Exploration; Notes; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I History of Bioethics: Four Perspectives2 Beginning Bioethics; 2.1 History; 2.2 Method; 2.3 Philosophy; 2.4 Fetal Research; 2.5 Research Involving Prisoners; 2.6 Research Involving Children; 2.7 The Belmont Report; References; 3 Genesis of a Totalizing Ideology: Bioethics' Inner Hippie; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Escape from Normalcy: "Do Your Own Thing"; 3.3 The Rhetoric of Love: "Make Love, not War"; 3.4 The Politics of Rage: "Stick It to the Man"; 3.5 Conclusion; Notes; References; 4 Bioethics and Professional Medical Ethics: Mapping and Managing an Uneasy Relationship
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.1 Introduction4.2 Bioethics that Deprofessionalized Medical Ethics; 4.3 Bioethics that Embraced Professional Medical Ethics; 4.4 The Invention of Professional Medical Ethics; 4.5 In Defense of a Conservative, Professional Medical Ethics; 4.6 Conclusion; References; 5 Two Rival Understandings of Autonomy, Paternalism, and Bioethical Principlism; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Medical Paternalism and Autonomy in Bioethics; 5.3 Autonomy in Bioethical Principlism; 5.4 Kantian Autonomy: Why the "Free" Choicesof Patients Can Be Heteronomous; 5.5 Kantian Autonomy as a Basis for Medical Paternalism
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.6 ConclusionNotes; References; Part II The Practice of Bioethics and Clinical Ethics Consultation: Three Views; 6 Bioethics as Political Ideology; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 The Public Ideology of Bioethics; 6.2.1 Example I: Human Rights and the Deconstruction of the Family; 6.2.2 Example II: Welfare Entitlements to Health; 6.3 Challenges: Moral, Epistemological, and Political; 6.3.1 Moral and Epistemological Ambiguity; 6.3.2 Strategically Ambiguous Appeals to Consensus; 6.3.3 Rhetorically Shifting the Burden of Proof; 6.4 The Need for a Canonical Moral Anthropology; 6.5 Conclusion; Notes
    Description / Table of Contents: References7 The "s" in Bioethics: Past, Present and Future; 7.1 A Particular Vision of Bioethics: The One; 7.2 The Bioethics Enterprise: The Many; 7.2.1 Disciplinary Differences; 7.2.2 Functional Diversity; 7.2.3 Sub-fields/Sub-specialization; 7.2.4 Religious, Cultural and Moral/Ideological Pluralism; 7.3 The "s" in Bioethics Matters; 7.4 Concluding Remarks; Notes; References; 8 Why Clinical Bioethics So Rarely Gives Morally Normative Guidance; 8.1 Bioethics as a Complex Social Phenomenon; 8.2 The Cultural-Moral Vacuum into which Bioethics Stepped
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.3 The Emergence of Salient Moral and Metaphysical Pluralism
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  • 47
    ISBN: 9789400730304
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 512p. 15 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: The Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective 3
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Probabilities, laws, and structures
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Biology Philosophy ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Philosophy
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  • 48
    Online Resource
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400728790
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXIII, 308p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Methodos Series, Methodological Prospects in the Social Sciences 10
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Courgeau, Daniel Probability and social science
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Distribution (Probability theory) ; Mathematical statistics ; Social sciences Methodology ; Social Sciences ; Distribution (Probability theory) ; Mathematical statistics ; Social sciences ; Social sciences / Methodology ; Probabilities ; Social sciences--Statistical methods. ; Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Methode
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400738928
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 353p. 59 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: The International Library of Ethics, Law and Technology 11
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Computer science ; Computers Law and legislation ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Computer science ; Computers Law and legislation ; Biometrie
    Abstract: Dimitros Tzovaras
    Abstract: While a sharp debate is emerging about whether conventional biometric technology offers society any significant advantages over other forms of identification, and whether it constitutes a threat to privacy, technology is rapidly progressing. Politicians and the public are still discussing fingerprinting and iris scan, while scientists and engineers are already testing futuristic solutions. Second generation biometrics - which include multimodal biometrics, behavioural biometrics, dynamic face recognition, EEG and ECG biometrics, remote iris recognition, and other, still more astonishing, applications - is a reality which promises to overturn any current ethical standard about human identification. Robots which recognise their masters, CCTV which detects intentions, voice responders which analyse emotions: these are only a few applications in progress to be developed. This book is the first ever published on ethical, social and privacy implications of second generation biometrics. Authors include both distinguished scientists in the biometric field and prominent ethical, privacy and social scholars. This makes this book an invaluable tool for policy makers, technologists, social scientists, privacy authorities involved in biometric policy setting. Moreover it is a precious instrument to update scholars from different disciplines who are interested in biometrics and its wider social, ethical and political implications.
    Description / Table of Contents: Second GenerationBiometrics: The Ethical,Legal and Social Context; Foreword: Privacy Implications of Biometrics; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 From Identity to Identification; 1.2 The Emergence of New Identi fi cation Technologies; 1.3 Biometric Technology; 1.4 Strong, Weak and Soft Biometrics; 1.5 First and Next Generation Biometrics; 1.6 Ethical, Social and Legal Implications; Part I: Foundations and Issues; Chapter 2: Epistemological Foundation of Biometrics; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Biometrics in the History of Science; 2.3 Which Unit of Measurement for Life?
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.1 Biometrics Sensors2.4 From Action to Being; 2.5 Intentionality, Intentions and Emotions; 2.6 Epistemological Issues About Detectability of Intentionality; 2.7 Identity Digitalization; 2.8 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Biometric Recognition: An Overview; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Expectations from Biometrics Technologies; 3.3 First Generation Biometrics; 3.4 Second Generation Biometrics; 3.4.1 Engineering Perspective; 3.4.1.1 Data Acquisition Environment; Improving User Convenience; Improving Data Acquisition Quality; 3.4.1.2 Handling Poor Quality Data
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.4.1.3 Biometric System SecurityBiometrics Alteration and Spoof Detection; Template Protection; 3.4.1.4 Large-Scale Applications; 3.4.1.5 Soft Biometrics; 3.4.2 Application Perspective; 3.4.2.1 The Hong Kong Smart ID Card Experience; 3.5 Concluding Remarks; References; Chapter 4: Biometrics, Privacy and Agency; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Legal Principles Governing Personal Data; 4.3 The European Data Protection Framework and Biometrics; 4.4 The Article 29 Data Protection Working Party; 4.5 Data Protection Agencies
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.6 Understanding the Privacy and Data Protection Challenges of Biometric Data Processing4.7 The Human Right to Data Protection and Privacy; 4.8 Some Useful Distinctions for the Privacy and Data Protection Debate; 4.9 Biometrics and the Second Generation; 4.10 Concerns; References; Part II: Emerging Biometrics and Technology Trends; Chapter 5: Gait and Anthropometric Profile Biometrics: A Step Forward; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 On the Potential of Body Measurements for User Authentication; 5.2.1 Authentication Potential of Gait as a Biometric
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.2.2 Authentication Potential of Body Measurements as a Biometric5.3 Gait Biometric Technology; 5.3.1 Proposed Approach and Motivation; 5.3.2 Silhouette Extraction and Pre-processing Steps; 5.3.2.1 Background Estimation and Binary Silhouette Extraction; 5.3.2.2 Silhouette Enhancement Using Range Data; 5.3.3 Feature Extraction Phase; 5.3.3.1 Generalized Radon Transformations; 5.3.3.2 Orthogonal Discrete Transform Using Krawtchouk Moments; 5.3.4 Signature Matching; 5.3.5 Experimental Results and Conclusions; 5.4 An Innovative Sensing Seat for Human Authentication; 5.4.1 Sensing Seat Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.4.1.1 Static and Dynamic Characterization of Conductive Elastomeric Sensor
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400740419 , 128079903X , 9781280799037
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 346p. 27 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 22
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Literacy ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Literacy ; Humanities ; Argumentationstheorie
    Abstract: Bart Garssen
    Abstract: Topical Themes in Argumentation Theory brings together twenty exploratory studies on important subjects of research in contemporary argumentation theory. The essays are based on papers that were presented at the 7th Conference of the International Society for the Study of Argumentation (ISSA) in Amsterdam in June 2010. They give an impression of the nature and the variety of the kind of research that has recently been carried out in the study of argumentation.The volume starts with three essays that provide stimulating theoretical perspectives on argumentation. Subsequently, some views are explained on the intriguing topics of 'dissensus' and 'deep disagreement'. After a discussion of three different approaches to the treatment of types of argumentation some classical themes from antique argumentation theory are revisited. The new research area of visual argumentation is explored in the next part. The volume concludes with three reports of experimental studies concerning argumentative discourse. The volume starts with three essays that provide stimulating theoretical perspectives on argumentation. Subsequently, some views are explained on the intriguing topics of 'dissensus' and 'deep disagreement'. After a discussion of three different approaches to the treatment of types of argumentation some classical themes from antique argumentation theory are revisited. The new research area of visual argumentation is explored in the next part. The volume concludes with three reports of experimental studies concerning argumentative discourse. The volume starts with three essays that provide stimulating theoretical perspectives on argumentation. Subsequently, some views are explained on the intriguing topics of 'dissensus' and 'deep disagreement'. After a discussion of three different approaches to the treatment of types of argumentation some classical themes from antique argumentation theory are revisited. The new research area of visual argumentation is explored in the next part. The volume concludes with three reports of experimental studies concerning argumentative discourse.
    Description / Table of Contents: Topical Themes in Argumentation Theory; Contents; Contributors; Chapter 1: Some Highlights in Recent Theorizing: An Introduction; References; Part I: Theoretical Perspectives; Chapter 2: Rhetorical Argument; 2.1 Rhetoric and Argument; 2.2 A Second Tradition; 2.3 Today's Study of Rhetorical Argument; 2.4 The Commitments of Rhetorical Argument; 2.5 Rhetorical Argument in the Context of Argumentation Studies; Notes; References; Chapter 3: Meta-argumentation : Prolegomena to a Dutch Project; 3.1 Historical Context of William the Silent's Apologia ( 1581)
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 Universal Cultural Significance of William's Apologia3.3 The Historical-Textual Approach to Argumentation; 3.4 The Meta-argumentation Project; 3.5 Meta-argumentation in the Subsequent Galileo Affair; 3.6 Theoretical Meta-arguments; 3.7 Famous Meta-arguments; 3.8 Conclusion; Notes; References; Chapter 4: Wittgenstein's Influence on Hamblin's Concept of 'Dialectical'; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Meaning of 'Dialectical' in Chapter 7; 4.3 The Meaning of 'Dialectical' in Chapter 8; 4.4 The Meaning of 'Dialectical' in Chapter 9; 4.5 Summary and Synthesis: Hamblin's Conception of 'Dialectical'
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.6 Wittgenstein's Influence on Hamblin4.7 Conclusion; Notes; References; Part II: Views on Dissensus and Deep Disagreement; Chapter 5: Can Argumentation Always Deal with Dissensus?; 5.1 A Case of Unreconciled Dissensus; 5.2 Fish's Challenge to Argumentation; 5.3 Is Argumentation Caught in a Dilemma?; 5.4 Can Argumentation Not Deal with Certain Cases of Dissensus?; Notes; References; Chapter 6: The Appeal for Transcendence: A Possible Response to Cases of Deep Disagreement; 6.1 The Emphasis on Agreement; 6.2 Deep Disagreement; 6.3 Incommensurability: End or Beginning of Analysis?
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.4 Possibilities for Overcoming Deep Disagreement6.4.1 Inconsistency: Hypocrisy and the Circumstantial ad hominem; 6.4.2 Packaging: Incorporation and Subsumption; 6.4.3 Time: Exhaustion and Urgency; 6.4.4 Changing the Ground: Interfield Borrowing and Frame-Shifting; 6.5 Two Case Studies; 6.5.1 Johnson on Education; 6.5.2 Zarefsky on Abortion; 6.6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 7: Cultural Diversity, Cognitive Breaks, and Deep Disagreement: Polemic Argument; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Common Ground, Deep Disagreement, and Cognitive Breaks; 7.3 Cultural Diversity and Deep Disagreement
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.4 Antilogical Reasoning7.5 Conclusion; References; Part III: Types of Argumentation; Chapter 8: When Figurative Analogies Fail: Fallacious Uses of Arguments from Analogy; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 On the Structure of Figurative Analogies; 8.3 Criteria for the Evaluation of Arguments from Figurative Analogy; 8.4 Case Studies; 8.5 Conclusion; References; Chapter 9: Current Issues in Conductive Argument Weight; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Wellman's 'Heft' and Premise Weight; 9.3 Govier's 'Exceptions' and Issues of Quantification and Cases; 9.4 Trevor Bench-Capon's Value-Based, Case-Based Reasoning
    Description / Table of Contents: 9.5 Robert C. Pinto on Conductive Weight
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400739918 , 1280798998 , 9781280798993
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 568 p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: The International Library of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Ethics 19
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Maier, Donald S. What's so good about biodiversity?
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of nature ; Biodiversity ; Environmental sciences ; Economics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of nature ; Biodiversity ; Environmental sciences ; Economics ; Biodiversity ; Biodiversität ; Bewertung ; Ökosystemdienstleistung ; Biodiversität
    Abstract: There has been a deluge of material on biodiversity, starting from a trickle back in the mid-1980's. However, this book is entirely unique in its treatment of the topic. It is unique in its meticulously crafted, scientifically informed, philosophical examination of the norms and values that are at the heart of discussions about biodiversity. And it is unique in its point of view, which is the first to comprehensively challenge prevailing views about biodiversity and its value. According to those dominant views, biodiversity is an extremely good thing so good that it has become the emblem of natural value. The book's broader purpose is to use biodiversity as a lens through which to view the nature of natural value. It first examines, on their own terms, the arguments for why biodiversity is supposed to be a good thing. This discussion cuts a very broad and detailed swath through the scientific, economic, and environmental literature. It finds all these arguments to be seriously wanting. Worse, these arguments appear to have consequences that should dismay and perplex most environmentalists. The book then turns to a deeper analysis of these failures and suggests that they result from posing value questions from within a framework that is inappropriate for nature's value. It concludes with a novel suggestion for framing natural value. This new proposal avoids the pitfalls of the ones that prevail in the promotion of biodiversity. And it exposes the goals of conservation biology, restoration biology, and the world's largest conservation organizations as badly ill-conceived.
    Description / Table of Contents: What's So Good About Biodiversity?; Contents; Chapter 1: Prologue; 1.1 Why This Book?; 1.2 Mixing Philosophy with Biology; 1.3 The Scope and Chief Goal of This Book; Chapter 2: Preliminaries; 2.1 An Environmental Philosopher's Conception of Value; 2.1.1 Concepts and Categories of Value; 2.1.2 Approaches and Key Questions of Moral Theory; 2.1.2.1 Consequentialism; 2.1.2.2 Deontology; 2.1.2.3 Virtue Ethics; 2.1.3 Where Biodiversity Fits in the Philosophical Picture; 2.2 Reasoning About Biodiversity - A Catalog of Fallacies; 2.2.1 The Bare Assertion Fallacy
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.2.2 Red Herring or Chewbacca Defense2.2.3 Fallacies of Accident; 2.2.4 The Fallacy of Correlation; 2.2.5 Circularity Fallacies or Begging the Question; 2.2.6 The Fallacy of Modality or Speculation Posed as Fact; 2.2.7 The Fallacy of Equivocation; 2.3 Cautionary Signs; 2.3.1 Abstraction; 2.3.2 The Value of Diversity in General; Chapter 3: What Biodiversity Is; 3.1 The Core Concept; 3.1.1 Egalitarianism; 3.1.2 Fungibility; 3.1.3 Questionable Factors; 3.1.3.1 Abundances; 3.1.3.2 Abiotic Conditions; 3.1.3.3 Interactions; 3.1.3.4 Place; 3.2 Characteristics; 3.3 Biological Categories and Kinds
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.3.1 Ta legomena in Biology3.3.2 Which Categories and Kinds Qualify; 3.3.2.1 Features; 3.3.2.2 Abundances (Again); 3.3.2.3 Functions; 3.3.3 Multiple Dimensions; 3.3.4 Place and Scale; 3.3.4.1 Place (Again); 3.3.4.2 Scale; Chapter 4: What Biodiversity Is Not; 4.1 Category Mistakes; 4.1.1 Wilderness; 4.1.2 Measures and Indexes; 4.1.3 Particular Species; 4.1.4 Particular Ecosystems; 4.1.5 Biodiversity as Process; 4.2 Accretive Conceptions; 4.2.1 Charisma and Cultural Symbolism; 4.2.2 Rarity; 4.2.2.1 Geographical Rarity; 4.2.2.2 Abundance Rarity; 4.2.3 Uniqueness
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 5: The Calculus of Biodiversity Value5.1 How Biodiversity Relates to Its Value; 5.1.1 The Incremental Model; 5.1.2 The Quantum Jump Model; 5.1.3 The Threshold Model; 5.1.4 The Just-So Model; 5.2 Value Interrelationships; 5.3 The Moral Force of Biodiversity; Chapter 6: Theories of Biodiversity Value; 6.1 Unspecified "Moral Reasons"; 6.2 Biodiversity as Resource; 6.3 Biodiversity as Service Provider; 6.4 Biodiversity as (Human) Life Sustainer; 6.5 Biodiversity as a Cornerstone of Human Health; 6.5.1 Biodiversity as Pharmacopoeia; 6.5.2 Biodiversity as Safeguard Against Infection
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.6 Biodiversity as Progenitor of Biophilia6.7 Biodiversity as Value Generator; 6.8 Biodiversity as Font of Knowledge; 6.9 Biodiversity Options; 6.9.1 Option Value and Conservation; 6.9.2 Risk, Uncertainty and Ignorance; 6.9.3 Quasi-option Value and Conservation; 6.9.4 Specific Claims About the Option Value of Biodiversity; 6.9.4.1 Phylogeny; 6.9.4.2 Bioprospecting; 6.9.4.3 Ecological Option Value; 6.10 Biodiversity as Transformative; 6.11 The Experiential Value of Biodiversity; 6.12 Biodiversity as the Natural Order; 6.13 Other Value-Influencing Factors; 6.13.1 Viability and Endangerment
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.13.2 Efficiency
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400746053
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (184 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library v.101
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 346.02201
    RVK:
    Keywords: Contracts ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This unique monograph on the Rawlsian principles of contract law advocates an understanding of the topic based on common agreement that contractual terms be reasonable--in other words, acceptable to reasonable people seeking equitable cooperation with others.
    Abstract: Intro -- Reasonableness and Responsibility: A Theory of Contract Law -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: Setting the Scene: Distributive Justice, Corrective Justice, and Monism in Political Philosophy and Contract Law -- 2.1 Distributive and Corrective Justice -- 2.2 Monism in Political Philosophy and in the Law of Contracts -- Chapter 3: The Distributive Understanding of Contract Law: Kronman on Contract Law and Distributive Justice -- 3.1 Kronman's Argument -- 3.2 The Failures of the Paretian Principle -- 3.2.1 The Structure of a Contract -- 3.2.2 The Paretian Principle and Responsibility for Breach of Contract -- 3.2.3 The Paretian Principle, Consent, and Autonomy -- 3.3 Final Thoughts -- Chapter 4: Libertarianism and the Law of Contracts -- 4.1 The Main Tenets of Nozick's Libertarianism: The Entitlement Theory -- 4.1.1 The Principle of Justice in Acquisition -- 4.1.2 The Principle of Justice in Transfer -- 4.1.3 The Recti cation of Injustice in Holdings -- 4.2 Libertarianism, Contract Law, and the State -- 4.2.1 Nozick on Distributive Justice -- 4.3 Why the Wilt Chamberlain Example Doesn't Work -- 4.4 Conclusion -- Chapter 5: The Division of Responsibility and Contract Law -- 5.1 A Fair System of Social Cooperation -- 5.2 The Well-Ordered Society -- 5.3 The Political Conception of the Person -- 5.4 The Idea of Free Citizens -- 5.5 The Idea of Equal Citizens -- 5.6 The Reasonable and the Rational -- 5.7 The Division of Responsibility -- 5.8 Relational Duties, Private Law, and Contract Law -- 5.9 Contract Law and Distributive Justice -- 5.10 Nonrelational Duties -- 5.11 The Original Position and the Veil of Ignorance -- 5.12 The Principles of Justice -- 5.13 The List of Primary Goods -- 5.14 Conclusion -- Chapter 6: Explaining Contract Doctrine -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 The Legal Classification of Obligations.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789400752160
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (213 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives Internationales d'histoire des Idées Ser. v.209
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 261.709410903
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Religious thought -- England -- 16th century ; Religious thought -- England -- 17th century ; Religious thought -- England -- 18th century ; Electronic books
    Abstract: The first to address the role of correspondence in the study of religion, this book shows how letters shaped religious debate in early-modern and Enlightenment Britain, and discusses the materiality of the letters as well as questions of form and genre.
    Abstract: Intro -- Debating the Faith: Religion and Letter Writing in Great Britain, 1550-1800 -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Correspondences -- 1.2 Background -- 1.3 Letters and Religion, 1550-1800 -- 1.4 The Current State of Scholarship on Religion and Letter Writing -- 1.5 Ongoing Correspondences: The Present Collection -- References -- Part1: Protestant Identities -- Chapter 2: Scribal Networks and Sustainers in Protestant Martyrology -- References -- Chapter 3: Thomas Browne, the Quakers, and a Letter from a Judicious Friend -- References -- Chapter 4: Writing Authority in the Interregnum: The Pastoral Letters of Richard Baxter -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The Earl of Lauderdale -- 4.3 Katherine Gell -- 4.4 Thomas Doolittle -- 4.5 Abraham Pinchbecke -- 4.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: Letters and Records of the Dissenting Congregations: David Crosley, Cripplegate and Baptist Church Life -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Church Records and Epistolarity: The Example of Cripplegate -- 5.3 David Crosley -- 5.4 The Seventh Commandment -- 5.5 Letters and the Law -- 5.6 A Wounded Spirit? -- 5.7 Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Representations of British Catholicism -- Chapter 6: 'For the Greater Glory': Irish Jesuit Letters and the Irish Counter-Reformation, 1598-1626 -- References -- Chapter 7: Negotiating Catholic Kingship for a Protestant People: 'Private' Letters, Royal Declarations and the Achievement of Religious Detente in the Jacobite Underground, 1702-1718 -- References -- Chapter 8: 'Every Time I Receive a Letter from You It Gives Me New Vigour': The Correspondence of the Scalan Masters, 1762-1783 -- References -- Part III: Religion, Science and Philosophy -- Chapter 9: Utopian Intelligences: Scientific Correspondence and Christian Virtuosos -- References.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400723900
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 278p. 4 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 25
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic
    Abstract: Is reality logical and is logic real? What is the origin of logical intuitions? What is the role of logical structures in the operations of an intelligent mind and in communication? Is the function of logical structure regulative or constitutive or both in concept formation? This volume provides analyses of the logic-reality relationship from different approaches and perspectives. The point of convergence lies in the exploration of the connections between reality - social, natural or ideal - and logical structures employed in describing or discovering it. Moreover, the book connects logical th
    Abstract: Is reality logical and is logic real? What is the origin of logical intuitions? What is the role of logical structures in the operations of an intelligent mind and in communication? Is the function of logical structure regulative or constitutive or both in concept formation? This volume provides analyses of the logic-reality relationship from different approaches and perspectives. The point of convergence lies in the exploration of the connections between reality - social, natural or ideal - and logical structures employed in describing or discovering it. Moreover, the book connects logical th
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400727069
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 241p. 10 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 114
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Marcum, James A. The virtuous physician
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Medicine ; medicine Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Life sciences ; Medical Education ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Medicine ; medicine Philosophy ; Medical ethics ; Life sciences ; Medical Education ; Humanities ; Virtues ; Philosophy, Medical ; Professional Competence ; Professional-Patient Relations ; Ethics, Medical ; Medical ethics ; Clinical competence ; Virtue ; Tugendethik ; Medizinische Ethik ; Arzt ; Berufsethik ; Tugendethik ; Medizinische Ethik ; Arzt ; Berufsethik
    Abstract: James A. Marcum
    Abstract: Although modern medicine enjoys unprecedented success in providing excellent technical care, many patients are dissatisfied with the poor quality of care or the unprofessional manner in which physicians sometimes deliver it. Recently, this patient dissatisfaction has led to quality-of-care and professionalism crises in medicine. In this book, the author proposes a notion of virtuous physician to address these crises. He discusses the nature of the two crises and efforts by the medical profession to resolve them and then he briefly introduces the notion of virtuous physician and outlines its ba
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Acknowledgments; Contents; 1 Medicine's Crises; 1.1 Medicine's Crises; 1.1.1 Quality-of-Care Crisis; 1.1.2 Professionalism Crisis; 1.2 Resolving Medicine's Crises; 1.2.1 Evidence-Based Medicine; 1.2.2 Patient-Centered Medicine; 1.3 Summary; References; 2 Virtue Theory, Ethics, and Epistemology; 2.1 Virtue Theory; 2.1.1 Traditional Virtue Theory; 2.1.2 Eclipse of Virtue Theory; 2.1.3 Contemporary Virtue Theory; 2.2 Vice; 2.3 Contemporary Virtue Ethics; 2.4 Virtue Epistemology; 2.5 Summary; References; 3 Virtues and Vices; 3.1 The Intellectual Virtues and Vices
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 The Ethical Virtues and Vices3.2.1 Courage and Cowardice; 3.2.2 Temperance and Intemperance; 3.2.3 Justice and Injustice; 3.3 The Theological Virtues and Vices; 3.3.1 Faith and Faithlessness; 3.3.2 Hope and Hopelessness; 3.3.3 Love and Lovelessness; 3.4 Summary; References; 4 On Caring and Uncaring; 4.1 Caring; 4.1.1 Mayeroff's Notion of Caring; 4.1.2 Models of Caring; 4.1.3 Is Caring a Virtue?; 4.1.4 Care; 4.1.4.1 Care Ethics; 4.1.4.2 Peabody's Notion of Patient Care; 4.1.5 Competence; 4.1.6 Care-Competence Relationship; 4.2 Uncaring; 4.2.1 Carelessness; 4.2.2 Incompetence
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2.3 Carelessness-Incompetence Relationship4.3 Summary; References; 5 On Prudent Love and Imprudent Lovelessness; 5.1 Prudent Love; 5.1.1 Prudent Wisdom; 5.1.2 Radical Love; 5.1.2.1 Compassionate Love; 5.1.2.2 Empathic Love; 5.1.2.3 Altruistic Love; 5.1.2.4 Radical Love; 5.1.3 Compound Virtue of Prudent Love; 5.2 Imprudent Lovelessness; 5.2.1 Imprudence; 5.2.2 Lovelessness; 5.2.3 Compound Vice of Imprudent Lovelessness; 5.3 Summary; References; 6 Medical Stories; 6.1 "Communion"; 6.2 "Lifelong Effects of Chronic Atopic Eczema"; 6.3 Summary; References
    Description / Table of Contents: 7 The Virtuous Physician and Medicine's Crises7.1 Virtuous Physician; 7.2 Virtuous Holistic Medicine: Integrating EBM and PCM; 7.3 Resolving the Quality-of-Care and Professionalism Crises; 7.4 Virtues and Medical Education; 7.5 Summary; References; Index;
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  • 56
    ISBN: 9789400741072
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 205p, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 294
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Radder, Hans, 1949 - The material realization of science
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science (General) ; Physics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science (General) ; Physics ; Habermas, Jürgen ; Science ; Philosophy ; Habermas, Jürgen 1929- ; Wissenschaftstheorie ; Habermas, Jürgen 1929- ; Wissenschaftstheorie
    Abstract: Hans Radder
    Abstract: This book develops a conception of science as a multi-dimensional practice, which includes experimental action and production, conceptual-theoretical interpretation, and formal-mathematical work. On this basis, it addresses the topical issue of scientific realism and expounds a detailed, referentially realist account of the natural sciences. This account is shown to be compatible with the frequent occurrence of conceptual discontinuities in the historical development of the sciences. Referential realism exploits several fruitful ideas of Jürgen Habermas, especially his distinction between objectivity and truth; it builds on a in-depth analysis of scientific experiments, including their material realization; and it is developed through an extensive case study in the history and philosophy of quantum mechanics. The new postscript explains how the book relates to several important issues in recent philosophy of science and science studies. I highly recommend this book. Radder is probably the first philosopher of science to make productive epistemological use of the notion of experimental system. The postscript is most valuable since it connects his work not only to the topical debates in philosophy of science, but also to history of science and science studies. Hans-Jörg Rheinberger, Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Berlin About the first edition: The debate on realism has recently become rather stale by repetition, but Radder introduces original insights and has written a lively and well-argued contribution to it. The book is to be recommended also as a clear introduction to the complex of relevant issues. Mary Hesse, University of Cambridge Radder presents an ingenious approach to the issue of scientific realism and conceptual discontinuity. I believe his idea that conceptual discontinuity presupposes other types of continuity is extremely important. Mark Rowlands, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa Hans Radder is professor of philosophy of science and technology at VU University Amsterdam. He is the author of In and About the World and The World Observed/The World Conceived. He edited The Philosophy of Scientific Experimentation and The Commodification of Academic Research: Science and the Modern University, and is coeditor of Science Transformed Debating Claims of an Epochal Break.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Material Realization of Science; Preface to the Revised English Edition; Preface to the First English Edition; Preface to the Dutch Edition; Contents; Introduction; Part I Habermas and the Philosophy of Science; Chapter 1: Habermas's Philosophy of the Natural Sciences; 1.1 Introductory Remarks; 1.2 The Aim of Habermas's Epistemology; 1.3 Two Fundamental Distinctions; 1.3.1 Purposive-Rational and Communicative Action; 1.3.2 Communicative Action and Discourse: Two Forms of Communication; 1.4 The Constitution Theory and the Role of Experiment
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.4.1 Objectivity of Experience and the Categorial Structure of Object-Domains1.4.2 The Experiment in the Natural Sciences; 1.5 The Consensus Theory of Truth; 1.5.1 What Is Truth?; 1.5.2 Grounded Consensus as the Criterion of Truth; 1.5.3 The Formal Characteristics of Discourse; 1.5.4 The Ideal Speech Situation; 1.6 Objectivity and Truth; Chapter 2: Habermas on Objectivity and Truth: Analysis and Critique; 2.1 Introductory Remarks; 2.2 The Transcendental Method and the Role of Experiment; 2.2.1 On the Constitution of Objectivity; 2.2.2 The Role of Experiment in Habermas
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3 A Critique of Habermas's Theory of Truth2.3.1 On the Meaning of Truth; 2.3.2 The Inadequacy of the Criterion of Truth; Part II Experimentation and Referential Realism; Chapter 3: Experimentation in the Natural Sciences; 3.1 Introductory Remarks; 3.2 The Theoretical Description of Experiments; 3.3 Experimentation as Material Realization; 3.4 Experimental Production and the Possibility of Realism; Chapter 4: Verifiability and Reference, Relativism and Realism; 4.1 Introductory Remarks; 4.2 Verifiability; 4.3 Conceptual Discontinuity and Scientific Realism; 4.4 A Criterion of (Co)reference
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.5 A "Realistic" RealismChapter 5: Specification and Application: Two Case Studies from the History and Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics; 5.1 Introductory Remarks; 5.2 The Correspondence Principle and the Historical Development of Quantum Mechanics; 5.2.1 Bohr 1913: Correspondence as Numerical Agreement; 5.2.2 Correspondence and Conceptual Continuity: 1916-1922; 5.2.3 Numerical and Formal Correspondence: 1923-1925; 5.2.4 Correspondence and Material Realization; 5.2.5 Philosophical Conclusions; 5.3 The Measurement Problem in Quantum Mechanics; 5.3.1 Measurement Problem and Realism
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.3.2 The Measurement Problem as a Problem of Correspondence5.3.3 Quantum-Mechanical Measuring Process and Communication; Conclusion; Postscript 2012; 1 Habermas and the Philosophy of the Natural Sciences; 2 Scientific Experimentation; 3 Referential Realism; 3.1 A Realist Ontology; 3.2 A Referentially Realist Epistemology; 3.3 Referential Realism, Constructive Empiricism, and Constructive Realism; 3.4 Referential and Instrumental Realism; 3.5 Referential Realism and "Materialist" Science Studies; 3.6 Referential and Structural Realism; 3.7 Referential Realism and Idealist Antirealism
    Description / Table of Contents: 4 Philosophy and History of Quantum Mechanics
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400739888 , 128079898X , 9781280798986
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 412 p, digital)
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 207
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Reid, Jasper The metaphysics of Henry More
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Religion (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Religion (General) ; More, Henry 1614-1687 ; More, Henry 1614-1687
    Abstract: More's centrality in seventeenth-century metaphysics is undisputed. This sustained examination of More's own highly systematic philosophy offers readers a rounded assessment and provides fresh insights thus far missed in the secondary literature
    Description / Table of Contents: The Metaphysics of Henry More; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1 The Place of Henry More in Seventeenth-Century Thought; 2 More's Goals, Targets and In fluences; 3 Epistemology and Rhetoric; Chapter 2: Atoms and Void; 1 Background; 2 Henry More on Atoms; 3 The Void; 4 The Extension of the Universe, and Extra-mundane Void; 5 Impenetrability; 6 Atomic Shape; Chapter 3: Hyle, or First Matter; 1 Background; 2 Hyle, Atoms and Space in More's Philosophicall Poems; 3 More's Equivocation on the Nature of Hyle, 1653-1662; 4 More's Mature Conception of Hyle; Chapter 4: Real Space; 1 Background
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 The Immobility of the Parts of Space3 What Space Could Not Be; 4 The Reception of More's Theories of Space; Chapter 5: Spiritual Presence; 1 Background: Holenmerianism and Nullibism; 2 More's Refutation of Nullibism; 3 More and Holenmerianism; 3.1 Early Endorsement; 3.2 Transition; 3.3 Refutation; 3.4 Transubstantiation; 4 Time and Eternity; 4.1 The Duration of the Universe; 4.2 God's Presence in Time; Chapter 6: Spiritual Extension; 1 Introduction; 2 Indiscerpibility; 3 Penetrability; 4 Self-penetration, Essential Spissitude and Hylopathia; 4.1 Essential Spissitude as a Dimension
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2 Essential Spissitude as Density4.3 Hylopathia and Saturation; 4.4 Essential Spissitude and God; 5 The Divinity of Space; 6 Divine Space Before and After Henry More; Chapter 7: Living Matter; 1 Life and Soul; 2 Gradual Monism in More's Philosophicall Poems; 3 Life and Causation in the More-Descartes Correspondence and Beyond; 4 Anne Conway and Francis Mercury van Helmont; 5 The Eagle-Boy-Bee; 6 More-Conway-van Helmont-Leibniz; Chapter 8: Mechanism and Its Limits; 1 Introduction; 2 Mechanism in More's Early Works; 3 The Limits of Mechanism: Some Case-Studies; 4 'Mixed Mechanics'
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 The Fate of the Mechanical Philosophy: Boyle, Newton, and BeyondChapter 9: The Spirit of Nature; 1 Background; 2 Psyche , Physis , the Mundane Spright, and the Spirit of the World; 3 The Spirit of Nature and Particular Spirits; 4 Occasionalism Versus Bungles; 5 The Fate of the Spirit of Nature; Chapter 10: The Life of the Soul; 1 The Pre-existence of the Soul; 2 The Immortality of the Soul, and Aerial and Aethereal Vehicles; 3 The Animal and Divine Lives; 4 The Fall and Rise of the Soul; Chapter 11: Editions Cited; 1 Works of Henry More; 2 Other Pre-1800 Works; 3 Post-1800 Works; Index;
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400739406
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 205 p. 18 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 6
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Engineering design ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Technology Philosophy ; Engineering design ; Ingenieurwissenschaften ; Konstruktion ; Entwurf ; Technikphilosophie
    Abstract: This book presents an attempt to understand the nature of technical artefacts and the way they come into being. Its primary focus is the kind of technical artefacts designed and produced by modern engineering. In spite of their pervasive influence on human thinking and doing, and therefore on the modern human condition, a philosophical analysis of technical artefacts and engineering design is lacking. Among the questions addressed are: How do technical artefacts fit into the furniture of the universe? In what sense are they different from objects from the natural world, or from the social world? What kind of activity is engineering design and what does it mean to say that technical artefacts are the embodiment of a design? Does it make sense to consider technical artefacts to be morally good or bad by themselves because of the way they influence human life? The book advances the thesis that technical artefacts, conceived of as physical constructions with a technical function, have a dual nature; they are hybrid objects combining physical and intentional features. It proposes a theory of technical functions and technical artefact kinds that does justice to this dual nature, analyses engineering design from the dual nature point of view, and argues that technical artefacts, because of their dual nature, have inherent moral significance.
    Description / Table of Contents: IntroductionTechnical artefactsTheories of technical functionsProper functions and technical artefact kindsEngineering designThe moral significance of technical artefactsEpilogue.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400746503 , 1283633922 , 9781283633925
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 297 p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Sophia Studies in Cross-cultural Philosophy of Traditions and Cultures 1
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy of mind ; Humanities ; Consciousness ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Humanities ; Consciousness ; Solomon, Robert C. 1942-2007 ; Gefühl ; Existenzphilosophie ; Solomon, Robert C. 1942-2007 ; Ethik ; Solomon, Robert C. 1942-2007 ; Philosophie
    Abstract: Robert C. Solomon, who died in 2007, was Professor of Philosophy and Quincy Lee Centennial Professor of Business at the University of Texas, USA. As the first book comprehensively to examine the breadth of Solomon, s contribution to philosophy, this volume ranks as a vital addition to the literature. It includes a newly published transcript of Solomon, s last talk, which responded to Arindam Chakrabarti on the concept of revenge, as well as the considered views of prominent figures in the numerous subfields in which Solomon worked. The content analyses his perspectives on the philosophy of emoti
    Abstract: Robert C. Solomon, who died in 2007, was Professor of Philosophy and Quincy Lee Centennial Professor of Business at the University of Texas, USA. As the first book comprehensively to examine the breadth of Solomons contribution to philosophy, this volume ranks as a vital addition to the literature. It includes a newly published transcript of Solomons last talk, which responded to Arindam Chakrabarti on the concept of revenge, as well as the considered views of prominent figures in the numerous subfields in which Solomon worked. The content analyses his perspectives on the philosophy of emotion, virtue, business ethics, and religion, in addition to philosophical history, existentialism, and the many other topics that held this prolific thinkers attention. Solomon memorably defined philosophy itself as the thoughtful love of life, and despite the diversity of his output, he was most drawn by central questions about the meaning of life, the essential role that emotions play in finding that meaning, and the human imperative to seek emotional integrity, in which ones thoughts, emotions, and actions all contribute to a coherent narrative. The essays included here draw attention to the interconnections between the issues Solomon addressed, and evince the manner in which he embodied that integrity, living a life at one with his philosophy. They emphasize the central themes of passion, ethics, and spirituality, which threaded through his work, and the way these ideas informed his views on how we should approach grief and death. The multiplicity of topics alone make this keystone work an enlightening read for a full spectrum of students of philosophy, providing much to ponder and recounting a subtle and shining example of the emotional integrity Solomon worked so hard to define.
    Description / Table of Contents: Passion, Death, and Spirituality; Acknowledgments; Contents; Introduction; Part I: Emotions; Chapter 1: Sensational Judgmentalism: Reconciling Solomon and James; Solomon Contra James; Towards a Sensational Judgmentalism; Solomon's Wisdom; References; Chapter 2: Biology and Existentialism; References; Chapter 3: Between Existentialism and the Human Sciences: Solomon's Cognitive Theory of the Emotions; References; Chapter 4: A Critique of Pure Revenge; The Controversy; Two Misleading Metaphors; Revenge and Gratitude; Instinctive Self-Defense and Revenge; Revenge and Retribution Distinguished
    Description / Table of Contents: Confusions About ReciprocitySolomon's Passionate Justice Argument and Its Fallacy; My Moral Psychology of Revenge and its Iterative Escalation; Macho-morality and The Secret Charm of the Violent Harm-Doer; References; Chapter 5: Chakrabarti's 'A Critique of Pure Revenge': A Response; Two Sorts of Societies; Righteous Schadenfreude : An Alternative to Revenge and Forgiveness; References; Chapter 6: Sentimentality in Life and Literature; Introduction; Defending the Tender Emotions; The Ethics of Sentimentality in Real Life; The Ethics of Sentimentality in Literature
    Description / Table of Contents: The Sentimental Novel as a Literary GenreThe Aesthetics of the Sentimental Novel; References; Part II: Ethics; Chapter 7: Robert Solomon's Contribution to Business Ethics: Emotional Agency; References; Chapter 8: Virtues, Concepts, and Rules in Business Ethics: Reflections on the Contributions of Robert C. Solomon; Solomon's Approach to Virtue Ethics; Honesty; Trust; Toughness; Fairness; Sympathy and Empathy; Altruism; Ethical Styles; Some Limitations of Virtue-Ethics; References; Chapter 9: Robert Solomon's Aristotelian Nietzsche; How to Read Nietzsche
    Description / Table of Contents: The Meta-Ethics of Aristotelian Virtue EthicsVirtue and Will to Power; Virtue and Types of Human Being; Virtue, Objectivity and Truth; References; Chapter 10: Robert Solomon and the Ethics of Grief and Gratitude: Toward a Politics of Love; References; Part III: Comparative Philosophy; Chapter 11: Grief and the Mnemonics of Place: A Thank You Note; What's the Deal with the Funeral Games?; The Sag-Deed; What's the Deal with World Philosophy?; References; Chapter 12: Of Grief and Mourning: Thinking a Feeling, Back to Robert Solomon; Troubled Passions and the Dark Night of Gloom
    Description / Table of Contents: The Work of Mourning and GrievingThe Analytic of 'Moral Emotion' vis-à-vis 'Grief Pathology'; The Sublime Melancholia of Mourning; Unconcluding Remarks; References; Chapter 13: The Lost Art of Sadness; Introduction; The Pervasiveness of Human Suffering; Mourning and Melancholy; Depression and Boredom; The Emotion Pro fi le of Sadness & Working with Emotions; Buddhist Pathways for Managing Negative Emotions; Buddhism and Depression: Anthropological Studies; Boredom; Boredom as an Attentional Crisis; Emotional Integrity & Spirituality; Humour and Emotional Sensibility: The Tragic and the Comic
    Description / Table of Contents: Concluding Thoughts
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400757363
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (321 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    Series Statement: Research Ethics Forum Ser. v.1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 100
    RVK:
    Keywords: Violence ; Weapons -- Research
    Abstract: With examples ranging from ancient arms to modern innovations such as pilotless drones, this study of the neglected topic of weapons research deploys applied ethics and moral philosophy to argue that its injurious intent renders it morally unjustifiable.
    Abstract: Intro -- Designed to Kill: The Case Against Weapons Research -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: Weapons, Weapons Research and the Case Against Weapons Research -- Chapter 3: The Development of Projectile Weapons: Ancient Catapults -- Chapter 4: The Development of Projectile Weapons 2: Firearms -- Chapter 5: The Development of Nuclear Weapons -- Chapter 6: The Moral Dimension of Weapons Research -- Chapter 7: How to Make the Case Against Weapons Research -- Chapter 8: Defensive, Deterrent and `Humane' Weapons -- Chapter 9: Weapons Research, Contexts and Justifications, and the Analogy with Explanation -- Chapter 10: Just War Theory and Wartime Weapons Research -- Chapter 11: War and Realism -- Chapter 12: Commercial Weapons Research and Peacetime Weapons Research -- Chapter 13: Weapons Research and Supreme Emergency -- Conclusion: The Case Against Weapons Research -- Index.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789400747951
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (396 pages)
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana Ser.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 142.7
    RVK:
    Keywords: Phenomenology ; Metaphysics ; Konferenzschrift 2011
    Abstract: This book probes the concept of human transcendental consciousness, which assumes its self-supporting existential status in the horizon of life-world, nature and earth. This absoluteness does not entail the nature of its powers, nor their constitutive force.
    Abstract: Intro -- Phenomenology and the Human Positioning in the Cosmos -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Part I -- Modern Eco-Philosophy and Phenomenology of Life on Human Positioning in the Cosmos: A.-T. Tymieniecka and Henryk Skolimowski in Comparison -- Phenomenology of Life, Man and Morality of Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka -- Criticism of Civilization and Moral Involvement in the Eco-Philosophy of Henryk Skolimowski -- Modern Philosophy Compared with Main Anthropological and Civilizational Problems of Modern Times - Casus of A.-T. Tymieniecka and H. Skolimowski -- Darwin's God: The Human Position After Darwin's Theory - Philosophical and Theological Implications -- Introduction: Modern Cosmology and Anthropology -- Plurality of the Processes of Bioevolution: Pre-biotic Chemistry and the Cosmic Environment -- The Problem of the Former Finalism of the Pre-Darwinian Theories -- Philosophical and Theological Implications -- Nature and Cosmos in a Phenomenological Elucidation -- The Cosmic Matrix: Revisiting the Notion of the World Horizon -- The Spatiality of Things -- Horizonal Spatiality -- World as the Ultimate Horizon -- The Matrix Staged -- Part II -- Interpretations of Suffering in Phenomenology of Life and Today's Life-World -- The Idea of Good in Husserl and Aristotle -- Introduction -- Husserl's Ethics -- Aristotle's Idea of Good -- Husserl's Idea of Good -- Conclusions -- References -- Heidegger on the Poietic Truth of Being -- Dasein and the Facticity of Truth -- Greek Conception of Being as Being-Produced -- Being-Produced, Being-Present and Truth -- Poiesis and Work of Art as 'Work' of Truth -- Conclusion -- The Later Wittgenstein On Certainty -- Prof. DR. Aydan Turanli -- The Main Argument of On Certainty -- Some Foundationalist Interpretations of On Certainty -- Is the Later Wittgenstein a Foundationalist Philosopher? -- References -- Part III.
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789400752016
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (231 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in Philosophy, Religion and Public Life Ser. v.1
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 303.69
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Peace ; Restorative justice ; War ; Peace (Philosophy) ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Drawing on the work of leading scholars in the fields of philosophy, political theory, international law, religious studies and peace studies, this book makes a significant contribution to current literature on war, justice and post-conflict reconciliation.
    Abstract: Intro -- Justice, Responsibility and Reconciliation in the Wake of Conflict -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 The Wake of Conflict: Charting the Terrain -- 1.2 Structure and Aims of the Volume -- 1.3 Conclusions: Justice, Responsibility and Reconciliation? -- References -- Part I: What Is War? What Is Peace? -- Chapter 2: Truce! -- 2.1 The Case for Truces -- 2.1.1 The Peace That Kills -- 2.1.2 Truces Can Keep Us Safe Too -- 2.1.3 How Wars Actually End -- 2.1.4 Truces in Political Islam -- 2.1.5 War's Allure -- 2.2 Truce Thinking -- 2.2.1 Optimism About the Passage of Time -- 2.2.2 Aim Low -- 2.2.3 Irreconcilable Enemies Don't Have to Fight -- 2.3 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Peace-less Reconciliation -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Preliminary Clarifications -- 3.3 Vagaries of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict -- 3.4 Reconciliation During Conflict -- 3.4.1 Recognition of Asymmetry (When It Is the Fact of the Matter) -- 3.4.2 Who Is the Victim? -- 3.4.3 Narrative and Acknowledgment -- 3.5 A Note on Peacemaking and Reconciliation -- 3.6 Conclusion - A Curious Twist of Symmetry -- References -- Chapter 4: Heidegger and Gandhi: A Dialogue on Conflict and Enmity -- 4.1 Beginning with Being: Finitude and the Ethics of Con ict -- 4.2 Self-rule and Pluralism -- 4.3 Action and Ideal -- References -- Chapter 5: Basic Challenges for Governance in Emergencies -- 5.1 Setting the Stage and Two Sets of Basic Challenges -- 5.2 Second-Order Basic Emergency Challenges -- 5.2.1 Emergencies, Foreseeability, and the Importance of Prevention -- 5.2.2 When Emergency Prevention Matters -- 5.2.2.1 Risk and Risk Assessment -- 5.2.2.2 The Value of Risky Behaviour -- 5.2.2.3 Burden of Emergency Prevention and Emergency Preventability -- 5.3 Some Concluding Remarks About Public Emergencies -- References.
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9789400751675
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (173 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    Series Statement: Synthese Library v.361
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 115
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Semantics ; Metaphysics ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Over the past few years, the tree model of time has been widely employed to deal with issues concerning the semantics of tensed discourse. This book examines this model and its alternatives, both from a semantic and from a metaphysical point of view. ​.
    Abstract: Intro -- Around the Tree -- Preface -- Contents -- Relativism, the Open Future, and Propositional Truth -- Timeless Truth -- Determinism, the Open Future and Branching Time -- Branching Time and Temporal Unity -- Fictional Branching Time? -- The Open Future and Its Exploitation by Rational Agents -- The Metaphysics of the Thin Red Line -- The Truth About the Past and the Future -- Non-proxy Reductions of Eternalist Discourse.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400721968
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 241p, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 112
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Mazur, Grzegorz, 1977 - Informed consent, proxy consent, and catholic bioethics
    RVK:
    Keywords: Medicine ; Comparative law ; Medicine & Public Health ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Public health laws ; Medicine ; Ethics ; Medical ethics ; Comparative law ; Public health laws ; Informed Consent ; Bioethics ; Catholicism ; Proxy ; Human experimentation in medicine ; Moral and ethical aspects ; Informed consent (Medical law) ; Proxy ; Bioethics ; Religious aspects ; Catholic Church ; Bioethik ; Gentherapie ; Moraltheologie ; Selbstbestimmung ; Bioethik ; Gentherapie ; Moraltheologie ; Selbstbestimmung
    Abstract: This work offers a comprehensive understanding rooted in Catholic anthropology and moral theory of the meaning and limits of informed and proxy consent to experimentation on human subjects. In particular, it seeks to articulate the rationale for proxy consent in both therapeutic and nontherapeutic settings. As to the former, the book proposes that the Golden Rule, recognizing the basic inclinations of human nature toward objective goods perfective of human persons, should underpin the notion of proxy consent to experimentation on humans. As to the latter, an additional scrutiny of the amount of risk involved is necessary, since the risk-benefit ratio frequently invoked to justify higher-risk therapeutic research does not exist in its nontherapeutic counterpart. This study discusses a number of possible solutions to this question and develops a position that builds upon the objective notion of the human good
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword; Introduction; Contents; Abbreviations; 1 The Historical Development of the Principle of Free and Informed Consent; 1.1 Debate on the Origin of the Principle of Free and Informed Consent in Medical and Research Practices; 1.2 The Roots of the Principle of Free and Informed Consent in the Catholic Tradition Prior to World War II; 1.2.1 An Early Claim for Free and Informed Consent; 1.2.2 The Principle of Superiority of Persons over the Interests of Science and Society; 2 The Articulation of the Principle of Free and Informed Consent in Human-Rights Documents; 2.1 The Nuremberg Code
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1.1 Historical and Ethical Background of the Nuremberg Code2.1.2 Content of the Nuremberg Code; 2.1.3 Influence of the Nuremberg Code on International and U.S. Regulations; 2.2 Declaration of Helsinki; 2.2.1 Helsinki I; 2.2.2 Helsinki II; 2.2.3 Helsinki III, IV and V; 2.2.4 Helsinki VIand Notes of Clarification; 2.3 CIOMS/WHO International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects; 2.3.1 Brief Historical and Cultural Introduction to the Guidelines; 2.3.2 Content of the Guidelines; 2.3.2.1 Competence of the Subject; 2.3.2.2 Disclosure of "Necessary Information"
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3.2.3 Understanding on the Part of the Subject2.3.2.4 Free Decision; 2.4 The Belmont Report; 2.4.1 Belmont's Origins; 2.4.2 Belmont's Three Principles; 2.4.2.1 The Principle of Respect for Persons; 2.4.2.2 The Principle of Beneficence; 2.4.2.3 The Principle of Justice; 2.4.3 Informed Consent and the Three Principles; 2.5 Conclusion; 3 The Major Current Interpretations of the Principle of Free and Informed Consent; 3.1 Relevant Magisterial Teaching; 3.1.1 Charter for Health Care Workers; 3.1.2 The Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services; 3.1.3 Conclusion
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 Relevant Philosophical and Theological Approaches3.2.1 Paul Ramsey; 3.2.2 Edmund Pellegrino and David C.Thomasma; 3.2.3 Ruth Faden, Tom Beauchamp, and James F.Childress; 3.2.4 Germain Grisez; 3.3 Exceptions to Free and Informed Consent; 4 Introduction to the Issue of Proxy Consent; 5 Standards for Proxy Consent in the Therapeutic Situation; 5.1 Standards for Proxy Decision Making; 5.1.1 The Substituted Judgment Standard (SJS); 5.1.1.1 Legal Approach; 5.1.1.2 Ethical Approach; 5.1.1.3 Medical Approach; 5.1.2 The Pure Autonomy Standard (PAS); 5.1.3 The Best Interests Standard (BIS)
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.2 Major Issues6 Critique of Proxy Consent Standards; 6.1 Status of the Principle of Autonomy; 6.2 Autonomy as Pure Self-Determination; 6.2.1 Anthropological Consequences; 6.2.2 Autonomy and the Theory of the Good; 6.2.3 Autonomy and Intrinsic Goodness; 6.3 Autonomy vs. Beneficence; 7 The Golden Rule and Proxy Decision Making; 7.1 In Search of a Rationale; 7.2 Golden Rule, Reason and Virtue; 7.3 The Golden Rule, Friendship, and Christian Revelation; 8 Preliminary Considerations on Proxy Consent in the Nontherapeutic Situation; 8.1 Nontherapeutic Research and Basic Research Taxonomy
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.1.1 Basic vs. Clinical Research
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400720930 , 1283456516 , 9004222472 , 9781283456517 , 9789004222472
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 253p. 7 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 205
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Emilie du Châtelet between Leibniz and Newton
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Humanities ; œaPhilosophy (General) ; œaHumanities ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Du Châtelet, Gabrielle Émilie Le Tonnelier de Breteuil 1705-1749 ; Naturphilosophie ; Du Châtelet, Gabrielle Émilie Le Tonnelier de Breteuil 1705-1749
    Abstract: Emilie du Chatelet was one of the most influential woman philosophers of the Enlightenment. Her writings on natural philosophy, physics, and mechanics had a decisive impact on important scientific debates of the 18th century. Particularly, she took an innovative and outstanding position in the controversy between Newton and Leibniz, one of the fundamental scientific discourses of that time. The contributions in this volume focus on this "Leibnitian turn". They analyze the nature and motivation of Emilie du Chatelet's synthesis of Newtonian and Leibnitian philosophy. Apart from the In
    Description / Table of Contents: Emilie du Châtelet between Leibniz and Newton; Acknowledgements; Editor's Introduction; Contents; List of Abbreviations; Emilie du Châtelet Between Leibniz and Newton: The Transformation of Metaphysics; Who Was Emilie du Châtelet?; Striving for a Metaphysics of Science; Becoming a Philosopher; In the Center of the Debate; Critisizing Locke; Scholastic Voidness; Hypotheses; How to Make Good Hypotheses; Consequences and the Case of Probability; Science as a Process; An Open System; Numbers and Hypotheses; Advocates and Adversaries; Defending Metaphysics; Preferability of Laws; Free Will
    Description / Table of Contents: Elastic and Solid BodiesThe 'Principle of Least Action' and the Fight Over Metaphysics; What Does Julien Offray de La Mettrie Have to Do with Du Châtelet's Metaphysics?; Thinking Matter and être simple; Disaster in Berlin; Emilie du Châtelet and the Transformation of Metaphysics; References; In the Spirit of Leibniz - Two Approaches from 1742; Maupertuis' Lettre sur la comète; Emilie du Châtelet's Institutions de Physique; Principles in Natural Philosophy; A Detour into Physics; Conclusion; References; Between Newton and Leibniz: Emilie du Châtelet and Samuel Clarke
    Description / Table of Contents: Background to InstitutionsSamuel Clarke; The Leibniz-Clarke Debate; Emilie du Châtelet's Knowledge of Clarke; Institutions de Physique and the Leibniz-Clarke Debate; Reconciling Leibniz and Newton: forces vives; Conclusion; References; "Sancti Bernoulli orate pro nobis". Emilie du Châtelet's Rediscovered Essai sur l'optique and Her Relation to the Mathematicians from Basel; References; Leonhard Euler and Emilie du Châtelet. On the Post-Newtonian Development of Mechanics; Introduction; Common and Different Principles in Euler and Du Châtelet; The Legacy of Descartes, Newton and Leibniz
    Description / Table of Contents: From Inherent and Impressed Forces to Internal and External PrinciplesEuler's and Du Châtelet's Interpretation of Newton's Axioms; Euler's Mechanica and Du Châtelet's Institutions; Methods: Hypotheses, Models and the Calculus; Hypotheses and Models; Forces Interpreted as Magnitudes in the Frame of the Calculus; Bodies and Forces; Time and Space; Place Defined Either as a Relation of Coexisting Things or Occupied by a Body; Du Châtelet: Extension Is Independent of Forces. Euler Impenetrability Is Independent of Forces; Du Châtelet on Dead and Living Forces
    Description / Table of Contents: Relative Motion in Euler and Du ChâteletModels of Relative Motion; Du Châtelet. Motion as Illusion. Kästner's "Spitzfindigkeiten"; Euler's Early Relativistic Theory; Summary; References; Leibniz's Quantity of Force: A 'Heresy'? Emilie du Châtelet's Institutions in the Context of the Vis Viva Controversy; The Vis Viva Controversy; Emilie du Châtelet's Programme; From the Vis Viva Controversy to the Principle of Least Action; Conclusion; References; From Translation to Philosophical Discourse - Emilie du Châtelet's Commentaries on Newton and Leibniz*; Two Theories of Equal Value
    Description / Table of Contents: Newton's System of the World
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048197415 , 1282995774 , 9781282995772
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 247p, digital)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 348
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Collin, Finn, 1949 - Science studies as naturalized philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Wissenschaft ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This book approaches its subject matter in a way that combines a strong analytical and critical perspective with a historical and sociological framework for the understanding of the emergence of Science Studies. This is a novelty, since extant literature on this topic tends either to narrate the history of the field, with little criticism, or to criticize Science Studies from a philosophical platform but with little interest in its historical and social context. The book provides a critical review of the most prominent figures in Science Studies (also known as Science and Technology Studies) and traces the historical roots of the discipline back to developments emerging after World War II. It also presents it as an heir to a long trend in Western thought towards the naturalization of philosophy, where a priori modes of thought are replaced by empirical ones. Finally, it points to ways for Science Studies to proceed in the future.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Introduction; Contents; 1 The Naturalization of Philosophy; 2 Wittgenstein, Kuhn and the Turn Towards Science Studies; 3 David Bloor and the Strong Programme; 4 The Strong Programme as Naturalized Philosophy; 5 Harry Collins and the Empirical Programme of Relativism; 6 Bruno Latour and Actor Network Theory; 7 Latours Metaphysics; 8 Andrew Pickering and the Mangle of Practice; 9 Steve Fuller and Social Epistemology; 10 An Alternative Road for Science and Technology Studies and the Naturalization of Philosophy of Science; Notes; References; Index;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 231-239) and index
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048136223
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 283p, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophical Studies in Contemporary Culture 18
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Brinkmann, Klaus Idealism without limits
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 1770-1831 ; Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich 1770-1831 Die Phänomenologie des Geistes ; Idealismus ; Objektivität ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: In this study of Hegel's philosophy, Brinkmann undertakes to defend Hegel's claim to objective knowledge by bringing out the transcendental strategy underlying Hegel's argument in the Phenomenology of Spirit and the Logic. Hegel's metaphysical commitments are shown to become moot through this transcendental reading. Starting with a survey of current debates about the possibility of objective knowledge, the book next turns to the original formulation of the transcendental argument in favor of a priori knowledge in Kant's First Critique. Through a close reading of Kant's Transcendental Deduction and Hegel's critique of it, Brinkmann tries to show that Hegel develops an immanent critique of Kant's position that informs his reformulation of the transcendental project in the Introduction to the Phenomenology of Spirit and the formulation of the position of 'objective thought' in the Science of Logic and the Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences. Brinkmann takes the reader through the strategic junctures of the argument of the Phenomenology that establishes the position of objective thinking with which the Logic begins. A critical examination of the Introduction to the Lectures on the History of Philosophy shows that Hegel's metaphysical doctrine of the self-externalization of spirit need not compromise the ontological project of the Logic and thus does not burden the position of objective thought with pre-critical metaphysical claims. Brinkmann's book is a remarkable achievement. He has given us what may be the definitive version of the transcendental, categorial interpretation of Hegel. He does this in a clear approachable style punctuated with a dry wit, and he fearlessly takes on the arguments and texts that are the most problematic for this interpretation. Throughout the book, he situates Hegel firmly in his own context and that of contemporary discussion.' -Terry P. Pinkard, University Professor, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C, USA 'Klaus Brinkmann's important Hegel study reads the Phenomenology and the Logic as aspects of a single sustained effort, in turning from categories to concepts, to carry Kant's Copernican turn beyond the critical philosophy in what constitutes a major challenge to contemporary Cartesianism.' - Tom Rockmore, McAnulty College Distinguished Professor, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA 'In this compelling reconstruction of the theme of objective thought, Klaus Brinkmann takes the reader through Hegel's dialectic with exceptional philosophical acumen.... Many aspects of this book are striking: the complete mastery of the central tenets of Kant's and Hegel's philosophy, the admirable clarity in treating obscure texts and very difficult problems, and how Brinkmann uses his expertise for a discussion of the problems of truth, objectivity and normativity relevant to the contemporary philosophical debate. This will prove to be a very important book, one that every serious student of Kant and Hegel will have to read.' - Alfredo Ferrarin, Professor, Department of Philosophy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Introduction; Contents; 1 The Problem of Objectivity as a Problem of Modernity; 1.1 The Objectivity Problem and the Crisis of Subjectivity; 1.2 Descartes and the Roots of the Crisis of Subjectivity; 1.3 Some Traditional Arguments in Defense of Objectivity; 1.4 Some Contemporary Defenses of Objectivity; 1.5 Conclusions; 2 Kant and the Problem of Objectivity; 2.1 Kant's Transcendental Idealism; 2.2 Hegel's Critique of Kant: The Transcendental Deduction; 2.3 Beyond the Matter-Form Distinction: Hegel as a Philosopher of Radical Immanence; 3 The Argument of the Phenomenology
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.1 Methodological Presuppositions3.2 Sense-Certainty: The Particular and the Universal; 3.3 Perception and Understanding: The Immanence of Thinking and the Meaning of Aufhebung; 3.4 The Native Land of Truth: From Desire to Reason; 3.5 Methodological Interlude: Overcoming the Opposition of Consciousness; 3.6 The Internalization of Spirit: From Ethical Substance to the Spiritual Individual; 3.7 Spirit That Knows Itself as Spirit: From Religion to Absolute Knowing; 4 Objective Knowledge and the Logic; 4.1 Interlude: Does the System Need a Ladder?
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2 Hegel's Paradigm Shift: From Referentiality to Intelligibility of Thought4.3 The Metaphysical and the Non-Metaphysical Hegel; 4.4 Hegels Integrative Pluralism and Its Limits; Bibliography; Index;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048197194 , 1282995766 , 9781282995765
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 280p, digital)
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library 66
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Kant's idealism
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy, modern ; Ontology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Kant, Immanuel 1724-1804 ; Idealismus
    Abstract: This key collection of essays sheds new light on long-debated controversies surrounding Kant's doctrine of idealism and is the first book in the English language that is exclusively dedicated to the subject. Well-known Kantians Karl Ameriks and Manfred Baum present their considered views on this most topical aspect of Kant's thought. Several essays by acclaimed Kant scholars broach a vastly neglected problem in discussions of Kant's idealism, namely the relation between his conception of logic and idealism: The standard view that Kant's logic and idealism are wholly separable comes under scrutiny in these essays. A further set of articles addresses multiple facets of the notorious notion of the thing in itself, which continues to hold the attention of Kant scholars. The volume also contains an extensive discussion of the often overlooked chapter in the Critique of Pure Reason on the Transcendental Ideal. Together, the essays provide a whole new outlook on Kantian idealism. No one with a serious interest in Kant's idealism can afford to ignore this important book.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 69
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    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400704855
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (V, 395p, digital)
    Series Statement: Handbook of Philosophical Logic 15
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Handbook of philosophical logic ; 15
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    Keywords: Computer science ; Computer vision ; Computer Science
    Abstract: Lambda Calculi: A Guide Interpolation and Definability Discourse Representation Theory
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048194223
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 352p, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 290
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Brazilian studies in philosophy and history of science
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Logic ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy and science ; Brazil ; Science ; History ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Naturwissenschaften ; Geschichte
    Abstract: This volume, The Brazilian Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science, is the first attempt to present to a general audience, works from Brazil on this subject. The included papers are original, covering a remarkable number of relevant topics of philosophy of science, logic and on the history of science. The Brazilian community has increased in the last years in quantity and in quality of the works, most of them being published in respectable international journals on the subject. The chapters of this volume are forwarded by a general introduction, which aims to sketch not only the contents of the chapters, but it is conceived as a historical and conceptual guide to the development of the field in Brazil. The introduction intends to be useful to the reader, and not only to the specialist, helping them to evaluate the increase in production of this country within the international context.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; Contributors; 1 Introduction; 2 Galileo and Modern Science; 3 Newton and Inverse Problems; 4 Isaac Newton, Robert Hooke and the Mystery of the Orbit; 5 Sciences in Brazil: An Overview from 18701920; 6 Henri Becquerel and Radioactivity: A Critical Revision; 7 Regeneration as a Difficulty for the Theory of Natural Selection: Morganx2019; s Changing Attitudes, 1897x2013; 1932; 8 Jean Antoine Nollet's Contributions to the Institutionalization of Physics During the 18th Century; 9 Natural Kinds as Scientific Models; 10 On the Nature of Mathematical Knowledge
    Description / Table of Contents: 11 The Etiological Approach to the Concept of Biological Function12 Human Evolution: Compatibilist Approaches; 13 Functional Explanations in Biology, Ecology, and Earth System Science: Contributions from Philosophy of Biology; References; 14 On Darwin, Knowledge and Mirroring; 15 Freudian Psychoanalysis as a Model for Overcoming theINTtie; Duality Between Natural and Human Sciences; 16 The Causal Strength of Scientific Advances; 17 Contextualizing the Contexts of Discovery and Justification: How to do Science Studies in Brazil
    Description / Table of Contents: 18 Echoes from the Past: The Persisting Shadow of Classical Determinism in Contemporary Health Sciences19 The Metaphysics of Non-individuality; 20 Einstein, Gdel, and the Mathematics of Time; 21 A Contemporary View of Population Genetics in Evolution; 22 Continuity and Change: Charting David Bohms Evolving Ideas on Quantum Mechanics; 23 Quasi-truth and Quantum Mechanics; 24 The Qualitative Analysis of Differential EquationsINTbreak; and the Development of Dynamical Systems Theory; 25 The Problem of Adequacy of Mathematics to Physics: The Relativity Theory Case; Name Index; Subject Index;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048192434
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 204p, digital)
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 201
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. George Berkeley: religion and science in the age of enlightenment
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Berkeley, George 1685-1753 ; Berkeley, George 1685-1753
    Abstract: George Berkeley was considered 'the most engaging and useful man in Ireland in the eighteenth century'. This hyperbolic statement refers both to Berkeley's life and thought, in fact, he always considered himself a pioneer called to think and do new things. He was an empiricist well versed in the sciences, an amateur of the mechanical arts, as well as a metaphysician, he was the author of many completely different discoveries, as well as a very active Christian, a zealous bishop and the apostle of the Bermuda project. The essays collected in this volume, written by some leading scholars, aim to reconstruct the complexity of Berkeley's figure, without selecting 'major' works, nor searching for 'coherence' at any cost. They will focus on different aspects of Berkeley's thought, showing their intersections, they will explore the important contributions he gave to various scientific disciplines, as well as to the eighteenth-century philosophical and theological debate. They will highlight the wide influence that his presently most neglected or puzzling books had at the time, they will refuse any anachronistical trial of Berkeley's thought, judged from a contemporary point of view.
    Description / Table of Contents: George Berkeley:Religion and Science in the Ageof Enlightenment; Acknowledgments; Contents; Introduction; Part I Interpretations of Berkeley's Philosophy; Chapter 1: How Berkeley's Works Are Interpreted; Chapter 2: Berkeley's Metaphysical Instrumentalism1; Chapter 3: Causation, Fictionalism and Non-Cognitivism: Berkeley and Hume; Part IINeglected Works and Aspects ofBerkeley's Thought; Chapter 4: Berkeley and His Contemporaries: The Question of Mathematical Formalism; Chapter 5: Locke, Berkeley and Hume as Philosophers of Money*; Chapter 6: Berkeley and Chemistry in the Siris
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 7: Berkeley and Newton on Gravity in SirisChapter 8: "Scire per causas" Versus "scire per signa": George Berkeley and Scientific Explanation in Siris; Part IIITowards a Wider Historical Perspective; Chapter 9: Berkeley, Theology and Bible Scholarship; Chapter 10: The Distrustful Philosopher: Berkeley Between the Devils and the Deep Blue Sea of Faith; Chapter 11: Berkeley, Spinoza, and Radical Enlightenment; Chapter 12: Was Berkeley a Spinozist? A Historiographical Answer (1718-1751); Chapter 13: The Animal According to Berkeley; Index;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048187966
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 434p, digital)
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 202
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Vassányi, Miklós, 1966 - Anima mundi: the rise of the world soul theory in modern German philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of nature ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of nature ; Philosophy ; Ontology ; Neoplatonism ; Deutschland ; Weltgeist ; Weltseele ; Philosophie ; Geschichte 1700-1800
    Abstract: This work presents and philosophically analyzes the early modern and modern history of the theory concerning the soul of the world, anima mundi. The initial question of the investigation is why there was a revival of this theory in the time of the early German Romanticism, whereas the concept of the anima mundi had been rejected in the earlier, classical period of European philosophy (early and mature Enlightenment). The presentation and analysis starts from the Leibnizian-Wolffian school, generally hostile to the theory, and covers classical eighteenth-century physico-theology, also reluctant to accept an anima mundi. Next, it discusses early modern and modern Christian philosophical Cabbala (Böhme and Ötinger), an intellectual tradition which to some extent tolerated the idea of a soul of the world. The philosophical relationship between Spinoza and Spinozism on the one hand, and the anima mundi theory on the other is also examined. An analysis of Giordano Bruno's utilization of the concept anima del mondo is the last step before we give an account of how and why German Romanticism, especially Baader and Schelling asserted and applied the theory of the Weltseele. The purpose of the work is to prove that the philosophical insufficiency of a concept of God as an ens extramundanum instigated the Romantics to think an anima mundi that can act as a divine and quasi-infinite intermediary between God and Nature, as a locum tenens of God in physical reality.
    Description / Table of Contents: Anima Mundi; Acknowledgments; Contents; Signs; Chapter 1: Introduction; Chapter 2: Presentation of the Texts Relevant for the Concept of an anima mundi. The Immediate Natural Theological Setting of the Problem; Chapter 3: The Distinctive Philosophical Content of the Concept of an "anima mundi" in Leibniz and His Followers. Arguments of This School Against the General Theory of anima mundi. A Broader Natural
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 4: Preliminary Historical and Conceptual Presentation of "L'Histoire Naturelle" in Selected Major Works of some Leading Naturalists. The Relation of Natural Science to Theology or SpiritualityChapter 5: General Philosophical Analysis of Physico-Theology; Chapter 6: Böhme's Speculative Theology (De signatura rerum, 1622). Ötinger's Cabbalistic Theory of the World as a Glorious Div; Chapter 7: The Philosophical Incompatibility of Spinoza's System with the World Soul Theory. Bayle's Identification of Spinozism with the World Soul Theory, and Wachter's Denial of the Same. Lessing's
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 8: The World Soul in Giordano Bruno's De la causa, principio et uno (1584) and De l'infinito, universo e mondi (1584). The Revival of Bruno's Philosophy in Late Eighteenth to Early Nineteenth-Chapter 9: The World Soul in Baader's and Schelling's Conceptions; Bibliography; Index of Titles of Philosophical and Other Works; Name Index; Index of Philosophical and Historical Concepts;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400717510
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 400p, digital)
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook, Institut `Wiener Kreis' Society for the Advancement of the Scientific World Conception 15
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Friedrich Waismann
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    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Waismann, Friedrich 1896-1959 ; Neopositivismus
    Abstract: No description available.
    Abstract: Friedrich Waismann (1896 1959) was one of the most gifted students and collaborators of Moritz Schlick. Accepted as a discussion partner by Wittgenstein from 1927 on, he functioned as spokesman for the latter 's ideas in the Schlick Circle, until Wittgenstein 's contact with this most faithful interpreter was broken off in 1935 and not renewed when exile took Waismann to Cambridge. Nonetheless, at Oxford, where he went in 1939, and eventually became Reader in Philosophy of Mathematics (changing later to Philosophy of Science), Waismann made important and independent contributions to analytic p
    Description / Table of Contents: Table of Contents; Editorial; Waismann: the Wandering Scholar; Tributes to and Impressions of Friedrich Waismann; Waismann's Big Book; The Exile and His Family; A Waismann Memoir; Oxford Memories of Friedrich Waismann; Waismann's Lectures on Causality: An Introduction; Bibliography; The Decline and Fall of Causality; Causality; (1) Hume's Analysis of Causal Connection.; (2) The Problem of Induction.; (3) What is the Principle of Induction?; (4) J. S. Mill's Account; (5) The Scientific Scheme of Causality; (6) Comments on a New Conception.; (7) The Principle of Causality
    Description / Table of Contents: (8) Difficulties of Determinism(9) Causality as Understood Connection; (10) Insight; (11) Motive; (12) Criticism of Russell's View; The Logical Force of Expressions; 1. Ramsey; 2. Two Sorts of Inference; 3. V-Inferences; 4. Body of Meanings; 5. 'All men are mortal'; A Philosopher Looks at Kafka; Waismann Versus Ewing on Causality; 1. Introduction; 2. Intrinsic Connectedness; 3. Explanation; 4. Production; 5. Necessity; 6. Causal powers; 7. Conclusion; References; Waismann as Spokesman for Wittgenstein; Waismann's Testimony of Wittgenstein's Fresh Starts in 1931-35
    Description / Table of Contents: Otto Neurath's 'Encyclopedia of the World War': A ContextualisationOtto Neurath and the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF); Struggles For Social Transformation-links Between Yella Hertzka And Otto Neurath; Otto Neurath On War And Peace; Otto Neurath-Utopias, Encyclopedias, Museum Work; Encyclopedia of the World War; Enzyklopädie des Weltkrieges.; One Hundred Years of Philosophy of Science: The View from Munich; Bibliography; John T. Blackmore: Two Recent Trilogies on Ernst Mach; References; Logical Syntax and the Application of Mathematics; Reviews; Obituary
    Description / Table of Contents: Activities of the Institute Vienna CircleActivities 2010; Activities 2011; Index of Names
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048197972
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 397p, digital)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 198
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Dufourcq, Annabelle La dimension imaginaire du réel dans la philosophie de Husserl
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Konzeption ; Imagination ; Wirklichkeit ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Konzeption ; Imagination ; Wirklichkeit
    Abstract: The subject of this study is Husserl s conception of imagination and its essential link with a radical subversion of the common notion of reality. One of Husserl s remarkable daring ideas is his definition of the image as an intuition, namely, capable of filling our meaning-intentions. Thus is revealed a fundamental imaginary field which is not the simple product of my imagination, but a certain mode of presence of the objects themselves: vacillating or floating presence. This thesis leads to a revolution in our conception of reality. Presence and Being themselves need to be redefined in order to incorporate a dimension of ubiquity and sensible diffraction. Husserl precisely invites us to distrust the alleged implacability of reality and refuses to consider the latter as an In-itself . He intends to reveal the hidden and transcendental dimension of the world but he also shows that these depths are the Realm of the Mothers : there reign sketches (Abschattungen), analogies, phantom
    Description / Table of Contents: ptie 1. Elaboration de la notion d'imagination dans la reflexion Husserlienne -- ptie 2. Fecondite de la Phantasia : le "comme-si" en tant qu'enrichissement de notre experience -- ptie 3. L'émergence de l'imaginaire dans le profondeurs du réel.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048190515 , 1282995596 , 9781282995598
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (X, 492p, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 274
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Science in the context of application
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. Li, Ruoxu Hui zu dian cang quan shu ; 202 : Yi wen lei: Shi fu shi cun
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; Sociology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; Sociology ; Science ; Philosophy ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Methodologie ; Wissenschaftsphilosophie ; Methodologie
    Abstract: We increasingly view the world around us as a product of science and technology. Accordingly, we have begun to appreciate that science does not take its problems only from nature and then produces technological applications, but that the very problems of scientific research themselves are generated by science and technology. Simultaneously, problems like global warming, the toxicology of nanoparticles, or the use of renewable energies are constituted by many factors that interact with great complexity. Science in the context of application is challenged to gain new understanding and control of such complexity - it cannot seek shelter in the ivory tower or simply pursue its internal quest for understanding and gradual improvement of grand theories. Science in the Context of Application will identify, explore and assess these changes. Part I considers the 'Changing Conditions of Scientific Research' and part II 'Science, Values, and Society'. Examples are drawn from pharmaceutical research, the information sciences, simulation modelling, nanotechnology, cancer research, the effects of commercialization, and many other fields. The book assembles papers from well-known European and American Science Studies scholars like Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent, Janet Kourany, Michael Mahoney, Margaret Morrison, Hans-Jörg Rheinberger, Arie Rip, Dan Sarewitz, Peter Weingart, and others. The individual chapters are written to address anyone who is concerned about the role of contemporary science in society, including scientists, philosophers, and policy makers.
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; Contributors; Science in the Context of Application: Methodological Change, Conceptual Transformation, Cultural Reorientation; Research Going Practical: A Break with the Epistemic Past?; Changing Conditions of Scientific Research; Science, Values, and Society; Exploring Science in the Context of Application; References; Part I Changing Conditions of Scientific Research: Science and Technology; Knowledge, Politics, and Commerce: Science Under the Pressure of Practice; Between the Pure and Applied: The Search for the Elusive Middle Ground
    Description / Table of Contents: Science in the Context of Industrial Application: The Case of the Philips Natuurkundig LaboratoriumMulti-Level Complexities in Technological Development: Competing Strategies for Drug Discovery; Theory and Therapy: On the Conceptual Structure of Models in Medical Research; Materials as Machines; Part II Changing Conditions of Scientific Research: The Role of Instruments; Holism and Entrenchment in Climate Model Validation; Computational Science and Its Effects; Expertise in Methods, Methods of Expertise; Recent Orientations and Reorientations in the Life Sciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Transforming Objects into Data: How Minute Technicalities of Recording ``Species Location'' Entrench a Basic Challenge for BiodiversityPart III Changing Conditions of Scientific Research: Institutional Changes in Applied Research; Protected Spaces of Science: Their Emergence and Further Evolution in a Changing World; The Cognitive, Instrumental and Institutional Origins of Nanoscale Research: The Place of Biology; Part IV Science, Values and Society: Economic, Political and Public Relations of Research
    Description / Table of Contents: Bringing the Marketplace into Science: On the Neoliberal Defense of the Commercialization of Scientific ResearchMedical Market Failures and Their Remedy; Thoughts on Politicization of Science Through Commercialization; Political Effectiveness in Science and Technology; The Political Economy of Technoscience; Science, the Public and the Media -- Views from Everywhere; Part V Science, Values and Society: Freedom of Research and Social Accountability; Conditions of Science: The Three-Way Tension of Freedom, Accountability and Utility; Integrating the Ethical into Scientific Rationality
    Description / Table of Contents: Part VI Science, Values and Society: Historical TransformationsWhat Makes Computer Science a Science?; Black-Boxing Organisms, Exploiting the Unpredictable: Control Paradigms in Human--Machine Translations; An Epoch-Making Change in the Development of Science? A Critique of the ``Epochal-Break-Thesis''; Everything New Is Old Again: What Place Should Applied Science Have in the History of Science?; Science in the Context of Technology; Index;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048197484
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVI, 315p, digital)
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 107
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Astronomy and civilization in the new enlightenment
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Phenomenology ; Konferenzschrift 2009 ; Astronomie ; Zivilisation
    Abstract: This volume represents the first which interfaces with astronomy as the fulcrum of the sciences. It gives full expression to the human passion for the skies. Advancing human civilization has unfolded and matured this passion into the comprehensive science of astronomy. Advancing science's quest for the first principles of existence meets the ontopoietic generative logos of life, the focal point of the New Enlightenment. It presents numerous perspectives illustrating how the interplay between human beings and the celestial realm has informed civilizational trends. Scholars and philosophers debate in physics and biology, the findings of which are opening a more inclusive, wider picture of the universe. The different models of the universal order and of life here presented, all aiming at the first principles of existence - accord with the phenomenology/ontopoiesis of life within the logos-prompted primogenital stream of becoming and action, which points to a future of progressing culture.
    Description / Table of Contents: Table of Contents; Acknowledgements; The Passions of the Skies; Section I Astronomy, Science, Philosophy Flourishing In The New Enlightenment; Section II Cosmos Shaping World Views; Section III Astronomy In The Origins of Culture; Section IV Universe And Life; Section V The World Of Life, Astronomy And The Human Spirit; Name Index; Subject Index;
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400707733
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 354p, digital)
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 109
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Tymieniecka, Anna-Teresa, 1925 - 2014 Destiny, the inward quest, temporality and life
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of mind ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Aesthetics ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Humanities ; Aesthetics ; Humanities ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of mind ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift ; Philosophische Anthropologie ; Phänomenologie ; Literatur
    Abstract: There is no greater gift to man than to understand nothing of his fate , declares poet-philosopher Paul Valery. And yet the searching human being seeks ceaselessly to disentangle the networks of experiences, desires, inward promptings, personal ambitions, and elevated strivings which directed his/her life-course within changing circumstances in order to discover his sense of life. Literature seeks in numerous channels of insight the dominant threads of the sense of life , the inward quest , the frames of experience in reaching the inward sources of what we call 'destiny' inspired by experience and temporality which carry it on. This unusual collection reveals the deeper generative elements which form sense of life stretching between destiny and doom. They escape attention in their metamorphic transformations of the inexorable, irreversibility of time which undergoes different interpretations in the phases examining our life. Our key to life has to be ever discovered anew.
    Description / Table of Contents: Table of Contents; Acknowledgements; SECTION I The Sense Of Life; Present Eternity: Quests of Temporality in the Literary Production of the «Extreme Contemporain» in France (The Writings of Dominique Fourcade and Emmanuel Hocquard); I. Notes on Literature and Experience: Prose and Poetry; II. And Still Everything Happens; III. ""Le sentiment elegiaque que j'ai du contemporain""; Biography; Notes; A Sense of Life in Language Love and Literature; II; III; IV; Notes; The Garden Then and Now; Senseof LifeContemporary and in Genesis; The Garden in Central Park
    Description / Table of Contents: The Ancient Garden in the Book of GenesisThe Garden in the South; The Garden that Is Promised; Notes; SECTION II The Inward Quest; The Evolution of Justice in The Oresteia; Notes; What Maisie Knew in What Maisie Knew; The Double Vision of Life; On the Material Approach to Life; On the Formal Approach to Life; Notes; Style Matters: The Life-Worlds of Ancient Literature; References; James Joyce's ""Ivy Day in the Committee Room"" and The Five Codes of Fiction; Note; References; SECTION III Historicity and Life; Temporality in Fitzgerald's Babylon Revisited; Notes
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Metaphysical Brutishnessof Life in the Light of Zola's The Human BeastThe Mythical Brutishness; The Criminal Brutishness; The Technical Brutishness; Notes; ``Mais Personne Ne Paraissait Comprendre'' (``But no one Seemed to Understand''): Atheism, Nihilism, and Hermeneutics in Albert Camus' L'etranger/The Stranger; Introduction: Understanding ""The Devil's Dilemma"" of Camus' the Stranger; Hermeneutics I: Trying to Understand Meursault as He Does Himself; An Explication of the Text: Understanding and Misunderstanding in The Stranger
    Description / Table of Contents: Pt. I: Meursault the Free Man---What He Does and Does Not UnderstandPt. II: Meursault the Prisoner---What He Does and Does Not Understand; Hermeneutics II: Trying to Understand Meursault Better than He Does Himself; Conclusion: Trying to Understand Meursault Differently from How Camus Does; Notes; Moral Shapes of Time in Henry James; How to Philosophize the Morals of Modernity; Moral Reasoning as Transition in James; Notes; References; SECTION IV The Limits Of Ordinary Experience; ""The Limits of Ordinary Experience"": A Phenomenological Reading of ""Rappaccini's Daughter""; Notes
    Description / Table of Contents: The Kindness of Strangers: Epiphany and Social Communion in Paul Theroux's Travel WritingNotes; Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury as Anti-Entropic Novel; Temporality of the World of the Novel's Fourth Section; Temporality of the World of the Text; Conclusion; Notes; References; SECTION V Destiny, Experience and Time; W.B. Yeats, Unity of Culture, and the Spiritual Telos of Ireland; References; Doom, Destiny, and Grace: The Prodigal Son in Marilynne Robinson's Home; Notes; Man's Destiny in Tischner's Philosophy of Drama; Notes; The Source, Form, and Goal of Art in Anton Chekhov's The Sea Gull
    Description / Table of Contents: The Source of Art
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9781402097294
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1423 S.)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Encyclopedia of medieval philosophy
    DDC: 189.03
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophie ; Geschichte 500-1500 ; Online-Publikation ; Wörterbuch ; Philosophie ; Geschichte 500-1500
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  • 79
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 1283086077 , 9789400703575 , 9781283086073
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Argumentation Library 18
    DDC: 161
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Argumentationstheorie ; Logik
    Abstract: This monograph first presents a method of diagramming argument macrostructure, synthesizing the standard circle and arrow approach with the Toulmin model. A theoretical justification of this method through a dialectical understanding of argument, a critical examination of Toulmin on warrants, a thorough discussion of the linked-convergent distinction, and an account of the proper reconstruction of enthymemes follows.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789400713567
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXI, 212p. 1 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: The International Library of Ethics, Law and Technology 7
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. The growing gap between emerging technologies and legal-ethical oversight
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of law ; Technology Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Engineering ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of law ; Technology Philosophy ; Artificial intelligence ; Engineering ; Technological innovations ; Moral and ethical aspects ; Technological innovations ; Law and legislation ; Künstliche Intelligenz ; Innovation ; Technik ; Recht ; Ethik ; Moral
    Abstract: At the same time that the pace of science and technology has greatly accelerated in recent decades, our legal and ethical oversight mechanisms have become bogged down and slower. This book addresses the growing gap between the pace of science and technology and the lagging responsiveness of legal and ethical oversight society relies on to govern emerging technologies. Whether it be biotechnology, genetic testing, nanotechnology, synthetic biology, computer privacy, autonomous robotics, or any of the other many emerging technologies, new approaches are needed to ensure appropriate and timely re
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword; Acknowledgements; Introduction: Why Law and Ethics Need to Keep Pace with Emerging Technologies; References; Contents; Contributors; Part I The ``Pacing Problem''; 1 Governance and Technology Systems: The Challenge of Emerging Technologies; 1.1 Introduction: The Power of Technology Systems; 1.2 The Five Horsemen of Emerging Technologies; 1.3 Technology, Complexity and Earth Systems Engineering and Management; 1.4 Conclusion; References; 2 The Growing Gap Between Emerging Technologies and the Law; 2.1 Accelerating Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.1.1 Pace of Law vs. Pace of Science and Technology: Can Law Stay Current?References; 3 Ethical Challenges of Emerging Technologies; 3.1 Humanoid Robotics; 3.2 Pervasive Computing; 3.3 Are Emerging Technologies Unique?; 3.4 Who Should Do the Ethics?; 3.5 Microethics and Macroethics in Engineering; 3.6 Ethicists and Emerging Technologies; 3.7 Conclusion; References; Part II Oversight Dynamics for Emerging Technologies; 4 Public Policy on the Technological Frontier; 4.1 Change the Metaphor; 4.2 Embed an Early Warning System; 4.3 Track the Known Unknowns; 4.4 Focus on Bad Practices
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.5 Get the Right People to the Frontier4.6 Develop and Implement a Learning Strategy; 4.7 Conclusion; References; 5 Software Agents, Anticipatory Ethics, and Accountability; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Making Room for Anticipatory Ethics; 5.3 Anticipating Software Agents: An Argument for Moral Ontology; 5.3.1 The Argument; 5.3.2 Anticipating Accountability; 5.4 Anticipating Software Agents: The Counterarguments; 5.4.1 The Concern Is Premature; 5.4.2 Software Agents Are Autonomous; 5.5 Conclusion; References; 6 Sui Generis Rules; 6.1 Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.2 Sui Generis Rules: Special Laws for Special Circumstances6.3 Sui Generis Rules and Other Dichotomies; 6.4 Why Employ Sui Generis Rules?; 6.5 Dangers of Sui Generis Rules; 6.5.1 The Problem of Completeness; 6.5.2 The Problem of Administrative Costs; 6.5.3 The Problem of Technological Change; 6.5.4 The Problem of Politics; 6.6 Weighing It Up; 6.7 Tailoring Within Broad Category; 6.8 Technology Neutral Sui Generis Rules; 6.9 Conclusion; References; 7 Anticipatory Governance of Emerging Technologies; References; Part III A Toolbox of Solutions
    Description / Table of Contents: 8 Pacing Science and Technology with Codes of Conduct: Rethinking What Works8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Some Preliminary Points; 8.3 Codes and Biological Weapons: Expectations and Transformations; Box 8.1 Proposals for Biosecurity Codes; A Hippocratic Oath for Scientists?; Uniting Around a Restricting Code?; A Universal Code?; 8.4 What Has Been Accomplished?; 8.4.1 Codes As Exercises in Deferral; 8.4.2 Follow Through?; 8.5 Reframings; 8.6 Evaluating the Process; Box 8.2 Meetings About Codes in the British Foreign Office; 8.7 A Disruption; 8.8 A Reconsideration; 8.9 Conclusions
    Description / Table of Contents: 9 An International Framework Agreement on Scientific and Technological Innovation and Regulation
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 81
    ISBN: 9789400718753
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (207 pages)
    Series Statement: Issues in Business Ethics Ser. v.35
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 174.4
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    Keywords: Heidegger, Martin, -- 1889-1976 ; Business ethics ; Management -- Moral and ethical aspects ; Corporate culture ; Electronic books
    Abstract: Taking Heidegger as its guiding philosophy, this book develops a much-needed philosophical foundation to the field of management as an academic discipline. It tackles two fundamental questions: 'What is a corporation?' and 'what is corporate management?'.
    Abstract: Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Note on Translations and System of Abbreviations -- German: -- English: -- Indices and Dictionaries -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- Towards the Foundations of Managerial Ethics -- Heidegger and Ethics -- The Unasked Question About the Very Nature of the Corporation and Corporate Management -- The Case for Asking the Ontological Question Regarding the Corporation -- Definitions -- Metaphorical Statements About the Corporation -- The Role of Ontological Questioning in Theory and Practice -- Scientific Questioning as the Dominant Form of Questioning Regarding the Corporation -- The Insufficiency of Scientific Questioning Regarding the Corporation -- Ontological Questioning -- Concerns About Ontological Statements About the Corporation -- Heidegger as a Guiding Thinker in Asking the Ontological Question About the Corporation -- Heidegger and the Corporate World -- Heidegger's Thinking and the Cartesian Tradition -- The Term 'Hermeneutic Phenomenology' -- Hermeneutics as a Method -- The Structure of the Argument -- 2 Heideggers Typology of Entities and the Very Nature of the Corporation -- Being-in-the-World -- Heidegger's Term 'World' -- Heidegger's Term 'Truth' -- Heidegger's Terms 'Being' and 'the Truth of Being' -- The Corporation as Physical Object -- Physical Objects as 'Worldless' -- The Physical Object as a Metaphor for the Corporation -- The Corporation as an Organism -- Non-Human Organisms as 'World-poor' -- The Organism as a Metaphor for the Corporation -- The Corporation as a Human Being -- Human Beings as 'World-Acquiring' -- The Human Being as a Metaphor for the Corporation -- The Corporation as a Work -- The Work as 'Setting up a World' -- The Work as the Ontological Ascertainment of the Corporation -- Considering the Corporation as a Work -- The Corporation as Cultural.
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048195886
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (IX, 422p, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 20
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Approaches to legal rationality
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Political science ; Law ; Law ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Artificial intelligence ; Law Philosophy ; Political science ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Logik ; Recht ; Recht ; Vernunft ; Rechtsphilosophie
    Abstract: Legal theory, political sciences, sociology, philosophy, logic, artificial intelligence: there are many approaches to legal argumentation. Each of them provides specific insights into highly complex phenomena. Different disciplines, but also different traditions in disciplines (e.g. analytical and continental traditions in philosophy) find here a rare occasion to meet. The present book contains contributions, both historical and thematic, from leading researchers in several of the most important approaches to legal rationality. One of the main issues is the relation between logic and law: the way logic is actually used in law, but also the way logic can make law explicit. An outstanding group of philosophers, logicians and jurists try to meet this issue. The book is more than a collection of papers. However different their respective conceptual tools may be, the authors share a common conception: legal argumentation is a specific argumentation context.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction; Contents; Contributors; Part I The Specificity of Legal Reasoning; 1 Aristotle on the Ways and Means of Rhetoric; 2 Cicero on Conditional Right; 3 Inductive Topics and Reorganization of a Classification; 4 Formal and Informal in Legal Logic; Part II Legal Reasoning and Public Reason; 5 Public Reason and Constitutional Interpretation; 6 Democracy and Compromise; 7 Reasons for Reasons; 8 Argumentation and Legitimation of Judicial Decisions; Part III Logic and Law; 9 Logic and the Law: Crossing the Lines of Discipline
    Description / Table of Contents: 10 Epistemic and Practical Aspects of Conditionals in Leibniz's Legal Theory of Conditions11 Abduction and Proof: A Criminal Paradox; 12 Relevance in the Law; Part IV New Formal Approaches to Legal Reasoning; 13 The Logical Structure of Legal Justification: Dialogue or "Trialogue"?; 14 Explanation and Production: Two Ways of Using and Constructing Legal Argumentation; 15 The Law of Evidence and Labelled Deduction: A Position Paper; Part V Logic in the Law; 16 How Logic Is Spoken of at the European Court of Justice: A Preliminary Exploration; Index;
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789048196616 , 128299574X , 9781282995741
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIV, 265p, digital)
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 24
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Humiliation, degradation, dehumanization
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Humiliation, degradation, dehumanization
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Law Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Law Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Menschenwürde ; Verletzung ; Philosophische Anthropologie ; Theologische Anthropologie ; Menschenwürde ; Verletzung ; Philosophische Anthropologie ; Theologische Anthropologie
    Abstract: Degradation, dehumanization, instrumentalization, humiliation, and nonrecognition - these concepts point to ways in which we understand human beings to be violated in their dignity. Violations of human dignity are brought about by concrete practices and conditions, some commonly acknowledged, such as torture and rape, and others more contested, such as poverty and exclusion. This volume collates reflections on such concepts and a range of practices, deepening our understanding of human dignity and its violation, bringing to the surface interrelationships and commonalities, and pointing to the values that are thereby shown to be in danger. In presenting a streamlined discussion from a negative perspective, complemented by conclusions for a positive account of human dignity, the book is at once a contribution to the body of literature on what dignity is and how it should be protected as well as constituting an alternative, fresh and focused perspective relevant to this significant recurring debate. As the concept of human dignity itself crosses disciplinary boundaries, this is mirrored in the unique range of perspectives brought by the book's European and American contributors - in philosophy and ethics, law, human rights, literature, cultural studies and interdisciplinary research. This volume will be of interest to social and moral philosophers, legal and human rights theorists, practitioners and students.
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1. Conceptions and theories -- pt. 2. Practices of violating human dignity -- pt. 3. Conclusions for a positive account of human dignity.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 84
    ISBN: 9789048189427
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXII, 295p, digital)
    Series Statement: Law and Philosophy Library 93
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Law and philosophy library
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Law and democracy in Neil MacCormick's legal and political theory
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Public law ; Europe Economic policy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy of law ; Political science Philosophy ; Public law ; Europe Economic policy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; MacCormick, Neil 1941-2009 ; Rechtsphilosophie
    Abstract: This volume offers a collection of articles by leading legal and political theorists. Originally intended as a celebration of MacCormick's work on the occasion of the completion of the four-volume series on Law, State and Practical Reason, it has turned into a homage and salute after MacCormick's passing. Cast in MacCormick's reflexive spirit, the book presents a critical reconstruction of the Scottish philosopher's work, with the aim of revealing the connections between law and democracy in his writings and furthering his insights in each specific field. Neil MacCormick made outstanding contributions to the understanding of law and democracy under conditions of pluralism. His institutional theory of law has elucidated the close connection between the normative character of law as a means of social integration and legal social practices. This has produced a synthesis of the key insights of the legal and political theories of Kelsen, Hart, Alexy and Dworkin, and has broken new ground by undermining the 'monolithic' and 'nation-state' centered character of standard legal theories.
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgments; Introduction; The Legal and Political Theory of Neil MacCormick; The Contents of the Book; Contents; Contributors; About the Authors; Part I A Life in Law and Politics; 1 The Cosmopolitan Local; Part II The Seven Big Themes in MacCormick's Legal and Political Theory; 2 MacCormick on MacCormick; Part III The Limits of Law; 3 Juridification from Below: The Dynamics of MacCormick's Institutional Theory of Law; 4 Reform and Tradition: Changes and Continuities in Neil MacCormick's Concept of Law; 5 The Master Rule, Normativity, and the Institutional Theory of Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Part IV Jurisprudence6 Some Reflections on the Relationship Between Law and Morality -- Neil MacCormick's Point of View; 7 Legal Judgment and Moral Reservation; 8 Are We Beyond Sovereignty? The Sovereignty of Processes and the Democratic Legitimacy of the European Union; Part V Legal Argumentation; 9 Coherence and Post-sovereign Legal Argumentation; Part VI The Constitution(s) of the European Union; 10 Legal Pluralism in the European Union; 11 From Constitutional Pluralism to a Pluralistic Constitution? Constitutional Synthesis as a MacCormickian Constitutional Theory of European Integration
    Description / Table of Contents: Part VII Postsovereign Nationalism12 Nation-States vs. Nation-Regions in the Post-sovereign European Polity; 13 Nationalism, Patriotism and Diversity -- Conceptualising the National Dimension in Neil MacCormick's Post-sovereign Constellation; Index;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 85
    ISBN: 9789400706248
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 726p, digital)
    Series Statement: Analecta Husserliana, The Yearbook of Phenomenological Research 108
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Transcendentalism overturned
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy of mind ; Science Philosophy ; Transcendentalism. ; Konferenzschrift 2009 ; Transzendentalphilosophie ; Rezeption ; Phänomenologie ; Lebensphilosophie
    Abstract: This collection offers a critical assessment of transcendentalism, the understanding of consciousness, absolutized as a system of a priori laws of the mind, that was advanced by Kant and Husserl. As these studies show, transcendentalism critically informed 20th Century phenomenological investigation into such issues as temporality, historicity, imagination, objectivity and subjectivity, freedom, ethical judgment, work, praxis. Advances in science have now provoked a questioning of the absolute prerogatives of consciousness. Transcendentalism is challenged by empirical reductionism. And recognition of the role the celestial sphere plays in life on planet earth suggests that a radical shift of philosophy's center of gravity be made away from absolute consciousness and toward the transcendental forces at play in the architectonics of the cosmos.
    Description / Table of Contents: Table of Contents; Acknowledgements; Inaugural Lecture; Transcendentalism Overturned; Section I; Historicity and Transcendental Philosophy; Transcendental Philosophy and Fundamental Ontology; Subjektive Logik als Grundlage von objektiver Logik?; Facticity and Transcendentalism: Husserl and the Problem of the ``Geisteswissenschaften''; Section II; Intentionality and Transcendentality; Transcendentality as an Ontic Transgression; How Can We Get a Knowledge of Being? The Relation Between Being and Time in the Young Heidegger; On the Notion of a Phenomenological Constitutionof Objectivity
    Description / Table of Contents: Section IIIIs Ethics Transcendental?; Fichte's Programme for a Philosophy of Freedom; The Paradoxes of Moral in Jean-Paul Sartre's Philosophy; Towards a Responsive Subject: Husserl on Affection; Responsibility and Crisis: Levinas and Husserlon What Calls for Thinking; Transcendental Ethics; Section IV; The Transcendental: Husserl and Kant; Derrida, Husserl's Disciple: How We Should Understand Deconstruction of Transcendental Philosophy; Kant and the Beginnings of German Transcendentalism: Heidegger and Mamardashvili; Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Gilles Deleuzeas Interpreters of Henri Bergson
    Description / Table of Contents: The Concept of Transcendental Exiztenphilosophie in Karl JaspersTranscendentalism Revised: The Impact on Transcendental Consciousness and Structure of Reality Created and Emitted by Mass Media; Section V; Transcendentalism and Original Beginnings; Human Transcending on the Pathway of Moral Creative Becoming; Transcendental and Spiritual Consciousness; The Problem of the Transcendental in Philosophyof Faith - Carl Jaspers Revisited; Section VI; Phenomenology of Questioning: A Meditationon Interogative Mood; Revisting the Transcendental: Design and Materialin Architecture
    Description / Table of Contents: Twilight Splendour (Phenomenological Reflections on Europe)Optimality in Virtual Space - The Generationof Diacritic Potential Through Language; Section VII; Which Transcedentalism? Many Faces of Husserlian Transcedentalism; Eco-Phenomenology and the Interiorization of Man - Using Merleau-Ponty and Nietzsche to Release the "Psyche" from the Human Skull; Understanding Transcendentalism as a Philosophy of the Self; New Transcendentalism and the Logos of Education; Phenomenological Learning in Our Living Reality; Section VIII; Re-construction and Conceptual Analysis
    Description / Table of Contents: William James and Edmund Husserl on the Horizontality of ExperienceRicoeur's Transcendental Concern: A Hermenutics of Discourse; On Value-Perception ("Endowing") as Transcendental Functioning in Husserls Later Phenomenology; Section IX; Action and Work Between Blondel and Scheler:A Practical Transcendentalism?; The Meaning of Existence and Method of Transcendental Phenomenology; The Phenomenon of the Unity of Idea; Nietzsche and the Future of Phenomenology; Section X; Transcendencia Del Ser En El Lenguaje Segun Hegel; Transcendental Philosophy of Culture - Possibilities and Inspirations
    Description / Table of Contents: Percolated Nearness: Immanence of Life and a Material Phenomenology of Time
    Note: "Published under the auspices of The World Institute for Advanced Phenomenological Research and Learning, A-T. Tymieniecka, President , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048193103
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XI, 213p. 7 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Issues in Business Ethics 33
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Ethical principles and economic transformation
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    Keywords: Wirtschaftsethik ; Wirtschaftswissenschaft ; Wirtschaftsphilosophie ; Buddhismus ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy, modern ; Religion (General) ; Development Economics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy, modern ; Religion (General) ; Development Economics ; Business ethics ; Economics ; Religious aspects ; Buddhism
    Abstract: Buddhism points out that emphasizing individuality and promoting the greatest fulfillment of the desires of the individual conjointly lead to destruction. The book promotes the basic value-choices of Buddhism, namely happiness, peace and permanence. Happiness research convincingly shows that not material wealth but the richness of personal relationships determines happiness. Not things, but people make people happy. Western economics tries to provide people with happiness by supplying enormous quantities of things and today's dominating business models are based on and cultivates narrow self-centeredness.But what people need are caring relationships and generosity. Buddhist economics makes these values accessible by direct provision. Peace can be achieved in nonviolent ways. Wanting less can substantially contribute to this endeavor and make it happen more easily. Permanence, or ecological sustainability, requires a drastic cutback in the present level of consumption and production globally. This reduction should not be an inconvenient exercise of self-sacrifice. In the noble ethos of reducing suffering it can be a positive development path for humanity.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Acknowledgement; Contents; Contributors; Part I Introduction; 1 Why Buddhist Economics?; The Emergence of Buddhist Economics; The Structure of the Book; References; Part II Buddhist Ethics Applied to Economics; 2 The Relational Economy; Introduction; Can a Buddhist Be a Capitalist?; The Concepts We Harden On; Where These Concepts Came From; Some Notes on Actual Economies; Some Notes on Utopian Economies; Some Reflections on Buddhism and Economic Practice; Conclusion; Notes; References; 3 Buddhism and Sustainable Consumption; Introduction; Sustainable Consumption
    Description / Table of Contents: Sustainable Consumption and the Buddhist World ViewMeasuring the Impact of Consumption; Achieving Sustainable Consumption; Conclusions; Notes; References; 4 Economic Sufficiency and Santi Asoke; Buddhist Economic Ethics for the Individual; The Royal Thai Sufficiency Economy Model; The Santi Asoke Buddhist Reform Movement of Thailand; Social and Environmental Ethics; Ethic 1: Self-reliance; Ethic 2: Moderation; Ethic 3: Interdependence; Concluding Considerations; References; 5 Pathways to a Mindful Economy; Pathological Systems Conditions; Environmental Destruction and Resource Depletion
    Description / Table of Contents: InequalityInstability; Capitalism; Systemic Growth and Environmental Damage; Systemic Consumerism; Systemic Inequality; ''Buy Low and Sell High''; Habits of Thought and Habit Energy; Mindful Institutional and Systemic Change; Pathways to a Mindful Economy; The Intrinsically Democratic, Equitable, and Just Character of a Mindful Economy; Respect for All Life and Natural Processes; Stability of a Mindful Economy; Community Corporation; From Anecdotes to a Mindful Economic System; References; Part III Achieving Happiness and Peace; 6 Do Our Economic Choices Make Us Happy?; Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: Income and HappinessA Buddhist Diagnosis; The Buddhist Cure; A Cautionary Conclusion; Postscript from an Economics Nobel Laureate; Appendix 1; Appendix 2: Rethinking Economic Policy; Abbreviations: Texts of the Pali Canon; References; 7 Gross National Happiness; Buddhism; The Roots of Economics; What Do We Measure?; Discounting the Future; Spiritual Views Rediscovered; Human Nature and Motivation; Towards a New Paradigm for Economics; Towards GNH Indicators; References; 8 The Application of Buddhist Theory and Practice in Modern Organizations; The Nature of the Modern Workplace
    Description / Table of Contents: The Workings of PowerTackling the Conditions of the Modern Workplace; The History of the Crucible Team; Action Research as Method; Applying a Model of Action Research to Crucible; Principles of the Work: Alchemy, Embodiment and the Reflective Ground; The Process; Conclusion; References; 9 Leadership the Buddhist Way; Pursuit of Happiness as the Base; What Is Leadership?; Leading Yourself; Right View and Right Conduct; The Necessity of Training Your Mind; The Ideal Leader; Understanding Principles and Causes; Understanding Objectives and Results; Understanding Oneself; Understanding Moderation
    Description / Table of Contents: Understanding the Occasion and Efficient Use of Time
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 87
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400718784
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 254p. 2 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 27
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Moral responsibility
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of law ; medicine Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of law ; medicine Philosophy ; Philosophy of mind ; Responsibility ; Free will and determinism ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift 2009 ; Moralische Verantwortung
    Abstract: It is well over a decade since John Fischer and Mark Ravizza - and before them, Jay Wallace and Daniel Dennett - defended responsibility from the threat of determinism. But defending responsibility from determinism is a potentially endless and largely negative enterprise; it can go on for as long as dissenting voices remain, and although such work strengthens the theoretical foundations of these theories, it won't necessarily build anything on top of those foundations, nor will it move these theories into new territory or explain how to apply them to practical contexts. To this end, the papers
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; Contributors; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Beyond Free Will and Determinism; References; 2 A Structured Taxonomy of Responsibility Concepts; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Six Concepts1; 2.3 Relations Between These Six Responsibility Concepts7; 2.3.1 Outcome Responsibility from Causal and Role Responsibility; 2.3.2 Capacity Responsibility to Causal and Role Responsibility; 2.3.3 Liability Responsibility from Outcome and Virtue Responsibility; 2.3.4 Norm Setting and Substantive Evaluations; 2.4 The Utility of the STRC; 2.4.1 Fifteen Sources of Disputes About Responsibility
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.4.2 A Procedure for Resolving Disputes About Responsibility2.5 The STRC in Action; 2.5.1 Luck Egalitarianism; 2.5.2 Law Suits; 2.6 Conclusion; References; 3 The Relation Between Forward-Looking and Backward-Looking Responsibility; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Notions of Responsibility; 3.3 Responsibility as a Relational Concept; 3.4 The Relation Between Forward-Looking and Backward-Looking Responsibility: A Suggestion; 3.5 Blameworthiness; 3.6 Accountability; 3.7 Conclusions; References; 4 Beyond Belief and Desire: or, How to Be Orthonomous; 4.1 Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.2 Beyond the Standard Belief-Desire Account of the Explanation of Action4.3 The Nature of Responsibility; 4.4 Implications; References; 5 Blame, Reasons and Capacities; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The CO Condition; 5.3 Capacities and Possible Worlds; 5.4 An Example; 5.5 Conclusion; References; 6 Please Drink Responsibly: Can the Responsibility of Intoxicated Offenders Be Justified by the Tracing Principle?; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Components of Criminal Liability: Elements of a Crime; 6.3 Responsibility, Liability and Defences; 6.4 Voluntary or Self-Induced Intoxication
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.5 The Fault of Intoxication6.6 What Makes Intoxication Voluntary or Self-Induced?; References; 7 The Moral Significance of Unintentional Omission: Comparing Will-Centered and Non-will-centered Accounts of Moral Responsibility; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Moral Blameworthiness and Unintentional Omission; 7.3 Volitionalism; 7.4 Problems with the Volitionalist's Use of the Tracing Strategy; 7.5 Choosing Between Volitionalism and Non-will-centered Approaches; 7.6 Conclusion; References; 8 Desert, Responsibility and Luck Egalitarianism; 8.1 Desert and Responsibility; 8.1.1 Desert: The Basics
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.1.2 Feinberg and Rawls8.1.3 Against the Responsibility View; 8.1.4 The Concept of Desert; 8.1.5 Conclusion; 8.2 Desert and Luck Egalitarianism; 8.2.1 How to Determine the Consequences One Is Liable For; 8.2.2 How to Derive Liability Responsibility from Outcome Responsibility; 8.2.3 Two Questions or One?; 8.2.4 Luck Egalitarianism; 8.3 Conclusion; References; 9 Communicative Revisionism; 9.1 Introduction; 9.2 Justifying Desert in Contractualist Terms; 9.3 Determinism and Theories of Punishment
    Description / Table of Contents: 9.4 Finding a Reasonable Standard for Determining the Mode and Scope of Punishment as Communication
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  • 88
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400717367
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 196p, digital)
    Series Statement: Logic, Epistemology, and the Unity of Science 22
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Granström, Johan Georg Treatise on intuitionistic type theory
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Logic design ; Algorithms ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Logic design ; Algorithms ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Typentheorie ; Intuitionistische Mathematik
    Abstract: No description available.
    Abstract: Intuitionistic type theory can be described, somewhat boldly, as a partial fulfillment of the dream of a universal language for science. This book expounds several aspects of intuitionistic type theory, such as the notion of set, reference vs. computation, assumption, and substitution. Moreover, the book includes philosophically relevant sections on the principle of compositionality, lingua characteristica, epistemology, propositional logic, intuitionism, and the law of excluded middle. Ample historical references are given throughout the book
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; Introduction; Chapter I. Prolegomena; 1. A threefold correspondence; 2. The acts of the mind; 3. The principle of compositionality; 4. Lingua characteristica; Chapter II. Truth and Knowledge; 1. The meaning of meaning; 2. A division of being; 3. Mathematical entities; 4. Judgement and assertion; 5. Reasoning and demonstration; 6. The proposition; 7. The laws of logic; 8. Variables and generality; 9. Division of definitions; Chapter III. The Notion of Set; 1. A history of set-like notions; 2. Set-theoretical notation
    Description / Table of Contents: 3. Making universal concepts into objects of thought 4. Canonical sets and elements; 5. How to define a canonical set; 6. More canonical sets; Chapter IV. Reference and Computation; 1. Functions, algorithms, and programs; 2. The concept of function; 3. A formalization of computation; 4. Noncanonical sets and elements; 5. Nominal definitions; 6. Functions as objects; 7. Families of sets; Chapter V. Assumption and Substitution; 1. The concept of function revisited; 2. Hypothetical assertions; 3. The calculus of substitutions
    Description / Table of Contents: 4. Sets and elements in hypothetical assertions 5. Closures and the -calculus; 6. The disjoint union of a family of sets; 7. Elimination rules; 8. Propositions as sets; Chapter VI. Intuitionism; 1. The intuitionistic interpretation of apagoge; 2. The law of excluded middle; 3. The philosophy of mathematics; Bibliography; Index of Proper Names; Index of Subjects
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400715608
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (206 pages)
    Series Statement: Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy Ser. v.26
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 177.5
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    Keywords: Ethics ; Electronic books
    Abstract: This book explores the theoretical basis of an individual's ethical obligations to others as self-knowing beings. It identifies a class of interpretive moral wrongs and shows how an individual's obligations in respect of these wrongs can be understood.
    Abstract: Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 The Puzzle of Objectification -- 1.2 The Structure of the Book -- References -- Part I Respect for Persons and Interpretive Moral Wrongs -- 2 Fragmentation -- 2.1 Respect for Persons, and Persons as Ends -- 2.2 The Essence of 'Respect for Persons' -- 2.3 Contemporary Challenges -- 2.3.1 The Problem of Integration -- 2.3.2 The Problem of Personhood -- 2.3.3 The Problem of Objectification -- 2.4 The Aftermath -- References -- 3 Discrimination -- 3.1 Discrimination and Procedural Unfairness -- 3.2 Discrimination and Intentionality -- 3.3 Discrimination as an Interpretive MoralWrong -- References -- 4 Stereotyping -- 4.1 A Potential Counterexample -- 4.2 Injustice and Stereotyping -- 4.3 Ideological Stereotyping -- 5 Objectification -- 5.1 First-Stage Objectification: Instrumentalisation -- 5.2 Second-Stage Objectification: Adoption of Alien Goals -- 5.3 Third-Stage Objectification: 'Reduction' and Reflection -- 5.4 Andrea Dworkin on Sexual Objectification -- 5.5 Third-Stage Objectification as an Interpretive Moral Wrong -- References -- 6 Interpretive Moral Wrongs and Radical Theorising -- 6.1 Dworkin's Radicalism -- 6.1.1 Martha Nussbaum on Sexual Objectification -- 6.2 Marx on Commodification -- 6.3 Objectification, Stereotyping and Scientific Self-Knowledge -- 6.3.1 Objectification in Genetic Research -- 6.4 Interpretive Moral Wrongs and Human Dignity -- References -- Part II Sources and Foundations -- 7 Hegel and Recognition -- 7.1 Recognition -- 7.1.1 Hegel on Master and Slave -- 7.2 Dignity and Universal Self-Consciousness -- 7.3 Essentialism and Political Liberalism -- References -- 8 Heidegger and Authenticity -- 8.1 Liberalism, Essentialism and Positivism -- 8.2 Phenomenological Essentialism -- 8.3 Dasein, Intelligibility and Alienation -- 8.4 Inauthenticity and Objectification.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400713307
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: The International Library of Ethics, Law and Technology 6
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Munthe, Christian The price of precaution and the ethics of risk
    DDC: 302.12
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Technology Philosophy ; Environmental sciences ; Environmental law ; Political science
    Abstract: This international rigorously peer-reviewed volume critically synthesizes current knowledge in forest hydrology and biogeochemistry. It is a one-stop comprehensive reference tool for researchers and practitioners in the fields of hydrology, biogeoscience, ecology, forestry, boundary-layer meteorology, and geography. Following an introductory chapter tracing the historical roots of the subject, the book is divided into the following main sections: ·        Sampling and Novel Approaches ·        Forest Hydrology and Biogeochemistry by Ecoregion and Forest Type ·        Hydrologic and Biogeochemical Fluxes from the Canopy to the Phreatic Surface ·        Hydrologic and Biogeochemical Fluxes in Forest Ecosystems: Effects of Time, Stressors, and Humans The volume concludes with a final chapter that reflects on the current state of knowledge and identifies some areas in need of further research.
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgements; Contents; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Background; 1.2 Aim, Plan and Basis; References; 2 Dimensions of Precaution; 2.1 Values, Levels and Time-Horizons; 2.2 May Bring Great Harm; 2.3 Show; 2.4 Risk; 2.5 Too Serious; 2.6 Summing Up; References; 3 Precaution and Rationality; 3.1 Rational Action - the Standard View; 3.2 Rational Precaution; 3.3 From Rationality to Morality; References; 4 Ethics and Risks; 4.1 Traditional Criteria of Rightness; 4.2 The Virtue of Precaution; 4.3 Abandoning Factualism; References; 5 The Morality of Imposing Risks; 5.1 Basic Structure
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.2 The Problem of Guidance5.3 Basic Intuitions About Responsibility; 5.4 Areas of Precaution; 5.5 The Weight of Evil; 5.6 Problems with Relative Progressiveness; 5.7 Summing Up; References; 6 Practical Applications; 6.1 General Cases; 6.2 Hard Cases; 6.3 Policy; 6.4 Big Questions; References; Index;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 91
    ISBN: 9789400721029
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (350 pages)
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives Internationales d'histoire des Idées Ser. v.206
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 111.85
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    Keywords: Burke, Edmund, -- 1729-1797. -- Philosophical enquiry into the origin of our ideas of the sublime and beautiful ; Aesthetics ; Science -- Philosophy
    Abstract: This book examines Edmund Burke's Philosophical Enquiry in both its historical context and contemporary relevance. It establishes the historical, philosophical, literary, and scientific importance of the Philosophical Enquiry as an independent work.
    Abstract: Intro -- The Science of Sensibility: Reading Burke's Philosophical Enquiry -- Preface: Edmund Burke's Philosophical Enquiry in Context, 250 Years Later -- The Science of Sensibility -- Reading Edmund Burke -- Reading the Philosophical Enquiry -- Overview of the Science of Sensibility -- Contents -- Part I: Science and Sensibility -- Chapter 1: Philosophical Enquiries into the Science of Sensibility: An Introductory Essay -- Introduction -- Burke and the Writing of the Philosophical Enquiry -- Part 1: Science and Sensibility -- The Culture of Sensibility -- Science, Medicine and Sensibility -- Burke and the Science of Sensibility -- Part 2: Sensibility, Morals and Manners -- Moral Sentiments and Sensibility -- Burke's Sublime Ethics of Sensibility -- True and False Sensibility -- Sensibility, Taste and Manners -- Part 3: Sensibility and Aesthetics -- Eighteenth-Century Sensibility and the Arts -- Sensibility and the Problem of Taste -- Uniformity, Variety and Beauty -- Hume, Burke and the Standard of Taste -- Conclusion -- Chapter 2: 'Communicating a Sort of Philosophical Solidity to Taste': Newtonian Elements in Burke's Methodology in Philosophical Enquiry -- Introduction -- 'Few and Negligent Labourers' -- Burke's Minimal Definition of 'Taste' -- Burke on Method in Aesthetics -- Burke on Efficient Causes -- Burke's Appropriation of Newton's Fourth Rule of Philosophising -- Burke's Rules for Establishing the True Causes of Beauty and the Sublime -- Conclusion -- Chapter 3: Hyporborean Meteorologies of Culture: Art's Progress and Medical Environmentalism in Arbuthnot, Burke and Barry -- Environmental Theory and the Primacy of Material Sensations -- Burke's Winckelmann: The Physical Probabilities of Culture -- Dubos, Turnbull and Burke: The Battle of the Causes.
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 1283085321 , 9781402099045 , 9781283085328
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 347
    DDC: 530.1
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Metaphysics ; Science Philosophy ; Quantum theory ; Konferenzschrift ; Physik ; Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie ; Wissenschaftstheorie
    Abstract: This volume defends a novel approach to the philosophy of physics: it is the first book devoted to a comparative study of probability, causality, and propensity, and their various interrelations, within the context of contemporary physics -- particularly quantum and statistical physics. The philosophical debates and distinctions are firmly grounded upon examples from actual physics, thus exemplifying a robustly empiricist approach. The essays, by both prominent scholars in the field and promising young researchers, constitute a pioneer effort in bringing out the connections between probabilistic, causal and dispositional aspects of the quantum domain. The book will appeal to specialists in philosophy and foundations of physics, philosophy of science in general, metaphysics, ontology of physics theories, and philosophy of probability.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; Contributors; 1 Four Theses on Probabilities, Causes, Propensities; 1.1 Overview of the Book; 1.2 Probabilities; 1.3 Causes; 1.4 Propensities; 1.5 Transition Versus Conditional Probabilities; 1.6 Propensity as Probability; 1.7 Propensity as Dispositional Property; 1.8 Causal and Dispositional Presuppositions in Physics; References; Part I Probabilities; 2 Probability and Time Symmetry in Classical Markov Processes; 3 Probability Assignments and the Principle of Indifference. An Examination of Two Eliminative Strategies
    Description / Table of Contents: 4 Why Typicality Does Not Explain the Approach to EquilibriumPart II Causes; 5 From Metaphysics to Physics and Back: the Example of Causation; 6 On Explanation in Retro-causal Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics; 7 Causal Completeness in General Probability Theories; 8 Causal Markov, Robustness and the Quantum Correlations; Part III Propensities; 9 Do Dispositions and Propensities Have a Role in the Ontology of Quantum Mechanics? Some Critical Remarks; 10 Is the Quantum World Composed of Propensitons?; 11 Derivative Dispositions and Multiple Generative Levels; Name Index; Subject Index;
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789400716490
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 online resource (341 pages)
    Series Statement: Contributions to Phenomenology Ser. v.65
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    DDC: 193
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    Keywords: Heidegger, Martin, -- 1889-1976 ; Thought and thinking ; Translating and interpreting ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: Gathering essays by internationally recognized scholars, this volume examines the specific synergy that holds between Heidegger's thinking and the distinctive endeavor of translation. The text offers insights and intricacies of one of the greatest philosophers of the twentieth century.
    Abstract: Intro -- Heidegger, Translation, and the Task of Thinking -- Preface -- References -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Heidegger's Pathway -- Poverty* -- Editorial Notes -- References -- Introduction -- 1 A Historical Perspective on Translation and the Study of Heidegger's Thought -- 2 The Importance of " Beiträge " and the Controversy Surrounding Its English Translation -- 3 Heidegger's Thinking and Its Kinship with Language -- 4 The "Being-Historical Perspective" of Heidegger's Thought -- 5 Errancy, Technicity, and the Turning -- 6 Summary of the Essays -- References -- Part II: The Search for Beginnings and the Onset of Being-Historical Thinking -- Deformalization and Phenomenon in Husserl and Heidegger* -- 1 Deformalization and the Project of Phenomenology in Husserl and Heidegger -- 2 Generalized and Formalized Universality in Husserl -- 3 Husserl's Conflation of the Unity Proper to Indeterminate and Determinate Formal Universality -- 4 Heidegger's Uncritical Appropriation of Husserl's Conflation of Determinate and Indeterminate Formality -- 5 The Problematical Link Between Husserlian Formalization and Heidegger's Formulation of Phenomenology -- References -- A Purview of Being: The Ontological Structure of World, Reference ( Verweisung) and Indication ( Indikation) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Pragmatists' Misconception of Everydayness -- 3 The Phenomenal Character of Withdrawing and Appearing -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Heidegger's Experience with Language -- 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- 4 -- References -- Heidegger's Thinking of Difference and the God-Question -- 1 -- 2 -- 3 -- References -- Substance and Emptiness: Preparatory Steps Toward a Translational Dialogue Between Western and Buddhist Philosophy -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Theories of Substance in Western Philosophy -- 2.1 Aristotle -- 2.2 Descartes.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400704794
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Handbook of Philosophical Logic 16
    DDC: 160
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic
    Abstract: This title includes: Belief Revision, Refutation and systems in Propositional Logic, a Quantifier Scope in Formal Linguistics, and Non-deterministic Semantics for Logical Systems
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION; ODINALDO RODRIGUES, DOV GABBAY ANDALESSANDRA RUSSO; 1 INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE; 2 FORMALISATION OF THE PROBLEM OF BELIEF REVISION; 2.1 AGM postulates for belief revision; 2.2 Counterfactual statements and the Ramsey Test; 2.3 Grove's systems of spheres; 2.4 AGM revision for finite belief bases; 2.5 Epistemic entrenchment; 2.6 Discussion; 3 BELIEF REVISION OPERATORS; 3.1 Measuring information change; 3.2 Dalal's revision operator; 4 ITERATION OF THE REVISION PROCESS
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.1 The problem of iteration and the need for extralogical informationto guide the process4.2 Darwiche and Pearl's approach; 4.3 Lehmann's approach: belief revision, revised; 4.4 Iterated revision according to Boutilier; 4.5 Prioritised base revision; 4.6 Prioritised databases; 4.7 Ordered theory presentations; 5 SPECIALISED BELIEF REVISION; 5.1 Resource-bounded revision; 5.2 Controlled revision; 5.3 Multiple belief revision; 5.4 Revision by translation; 6 COMPLEXITY ISSUES; 7 APPLICATIONS; 7.1 Belief Revision in Requirements Engineering; 8 CONCLUSIONS; BIBLIOGRAPHY
    Description / Table of Contents: REFUTATION SYSTEMS IN PROPOSITIONALLOGIC1 INTRODUCTION; 1.1 Basic Concepts; 1.2 A Problem; 1.3 Proving Syntactic Completeness; 1.4 Reduction Procedures; 1.5 General Remarks; 2 INTUITIONISTIC LOGIC; 2.1 Preliminaries; 2.2 Proof System; 2.3 Normal Forms; 2.4 Refutation System; 2.5 Syntactic Completeness; 2.6 Classical Logic; 3 THE MODAL LOGIC S4; 3.1 Preliminaries; 3.2 Proof System; 3.3 Normal Forms; 3.4 Refutation System; 3.5 Syntactic Completeness; 4 REDUCTION PROCEDURES; 4.1 Reduction Rules; 4.2 Reduction Systems; 4.3 Intuitionistic Logic; 4.4 Classical Logic; 4.5 The Modal Logic S4
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 SYMMETRIC INFERENCE SYSTEMS5.1 Preliminaries; 5.2 Syntactic Refutability; 5.3 Syntactic Properties; BIBLIOGRAPHY; QUANTIFIER SCOPE IN FORMALLINGUISTICS; 1 INTRODUCTION; 2 CHARACTERIZING INVERSE SCOPE EFFECTS; 2.1 A "direct scope" grammar for a fragment of English; 2.2 Incompleteness of the grammar's "direct scope" strategy; 2.3 Methodological and empirical principles in the study of quantifierscope; 2.3.1 Pragmatic effects; 2.3.2 Logical dependence between readings; 2.3.3 A note on cross-linguistic variation; 3 SOME PROBLEMS OF QNP SCOPE; 3.1 Overview of some scope phenomena
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 Restrictions on scope3.3 Unexpected wide scope: simple indefinites; 3.4 Absence of inverse scope; 3.5 Mixed scope; 3.6 Summary of QNP scope problems; 4 LOGICAL AND LINGUISTIC THEORIES OF QUANTIFIERSCOPE; 4.1 Preliminaries on quantifier scope; 4.2 "Standard scope" mechanisms; 4.2.1 Quantifier Raising; 4.2.2 Quantifying-in; 4.2.3 Cooper Storage; 4.2.4 Type Flexibility; 4.2.5 Categorial approaches; 4.2.6 Discussion - different emphases by different approaches to QNPscope; 4.3 Non-Standard Scope Mechanisms; 4.3.1 Branching quantification; 4.3.2 Cumulative quantification
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3.3 Wide-scope indefinites and quantification over Skolem functions
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400705296
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: The New Synthese Historical Library 69
    DDC: 179.90820902
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy, medieval ; Religion (General) ; Political science
    Abstract: This book locates Christine de Pizan's argument that women are virtuous members of the political community within the context of earlier discussions of the relative virtues of men and women. It is the first to explore how women were represented and addressed within medieval discussions of the virtues. It introduces readers to the little studied Speculum Dominarum (Mirror of Ladies), a mirror for a princess, compiled for Jeanne of Navarre, which circulated in the courtly milieu that nurtured Christine. Throwing new light on the way in which Medieval women understood the virtues, and were represented by others as virtuous subjects, it positions the ethical ideas of Anne of France, Laura Cereta, Marguerite of Navarre and the Dames de la Roche within an evolving discourse on the virtues that is marked by the transition from Medieval to Renaissance thought. Virtue Ethics for Women 1250-1500 will be of interest to those studying virtue ethics, the history of women's ideas and Medieval and Renaissance thought in general.
    Description / Table of Contents: Acknowledgements; Note on the Text; Introduction; Contents; About the Authors; Contributors; List of Abbreviations; List of Figures; 1 Does Virtue Recognise Gender Christine de Pizan's City of Ladies in the Light of Scholastic Debate; 2 The Speculum dominarum (Miroir des dames) and Transformations of the Literature of Instruction for Women in the Early Fourteenth Century; 1 Durand de Champagne and Jeanne de Navarre; 2 The Speculum dominarum and Religious Writing for Women; 3 The French Translation of the Speculum dominarum; 4 The Structure of the Speculum dominarum; 5 Conclusion
    Description / Table of Contents: 3 A Mirror of Queenship: The Speculum dominarum and the Demands of Justice1 The Queen's Milieu; 2 The Mirror; 3 The King's Justice; 4 Queenship; 5 Kingship; 6 The Queen's Allies; 4 A Lady's Guide to Salvation: The Miroir des dames Compilation; 1 Introduction; 2 Construction of the Collection; 3 Conclusion; 5 Charles V's Visual Definition of the Queen's Virtues; 1 The Virgin Mary, the Church, and the Queen of Sheba as Models of Virtue for Jeanne de Bourbon; 1.1 The Virgin Mary and the Church as Model for Young Jeanne de Bourbon
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.2 Solomon and the Queen of Sheba as Models for Charles V and Jeanne de Bourbon2 From Conceptual Portraits to Representations of a Royal Educated Family in MS 434 of Besanon; 3 Franciscan Spiritual Education as a Model for Royal Family; 4 Presenting the Educated Queen: Jacques de Cessoless Jeu des echecs moraliss and Jean de Meuns Li Livres de confort de Philosophie; 5 Jeanne's Virtues Justify Tutelage of Royal Children in Royaumont's Charter and Guillaume Durant's Rational des divins offices; 6 Queens as Wise Counsellors in Charles Vs Grandes Chroniques de France
    Description / Table of Contents: 6 Jean Gerson's Writings to His Sisters and Christine de Pizan's Livre des trois vertus: An Intellectual Dialogue Culminating in Friendship1 Omnis doctrina mulierum reputanda est suspecta; 2 Competing Metaphors of the Fowler (Der Vogelfnger bin ich ja...); 3 The Theme of the regalitas of the Virgin in Gerson and Christine; 4 The Passion Narratives of Gerson and Christine; 7 From Le Miroir des dames to Le Livre des trois vertus; 8 Appearing Virtuous: Christine de Pizan's Le Livre des trois vertus and Anne de France's Les Enseignements dAnne de France; 1 Juste ypocrisie and Cleverness
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 The Livre des trois vertus and the Enseignements3 Juste ypocrisie and Virtue; 9 Weaving Virtue: Laura Cereta as a New Penelope; 10 Margherita Cantelmo and the Worth of Women in Renaissance Italy; 1 Introduction; 2 Margherita Cantelmo and Agostino Strozzi; 3 Strozzi and Equicola; 4 The Defensione delle donne; 11 Like Mother Like Daughter: Moral and Literary Virtues in French Renaissance Women's Writings; 1 Virtue in the Poetic Exchange between Marguerite de Navarre and Jeanne d'Albret; 2 Virtue in the Works of Madeleine and Catherine des Roches
    Description / Table of Contents: 12 Joanna of Castile's Entry into Brussels: Viragos, Wise and Virtuous Women
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and indexes , Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789048132881 , 128283925X , 9789048132874 , 9781282839250
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VI, 189p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Trends in Logic 29
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Philosophy ; Grammar, Comparative and general ; Logic ; Semantics ; Syntax. ; Language and languages—Philosophy. ; Linguistics Philosophy ; Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax ; Logic ; Philosophy (General) ; Semantics ; Syntax ; Logik ; Sprachphilosophie
    Abstract: Syntax -- Semantics -- Categorial Analysis -- Conclusion
    Abstract: This book is intended as a preliminary work for a uniform description of language, especially overall organization and architecture of grammar and its connection with semantics. An array of general logical intuitions, concerning the initial requirements for building and interpreting compound expressions, stemming from Frege, Husserl and Ajdukiewicz, is spelled out to form a general framework, allowing for critical evaluation of today’s leading paradigms, such as Generative Grammar, Montague Grammar or Type-Logical Grammar. The main message of the book is that categorial grammar is not only one of the competing theories of syntax, but - according to some general features - is the most plausible framework for logical syntax of natural language. With profound motivation the book proposes an original treatment of quantification and formulates insightful general principles of syntactic analysis
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; 1 INTRODUCTION; 2 SYNTAX; 3 SEMANTICS; 4 CATEGORIAL ANALYSIS; 5 CONCLUSION; REFERENCES; NAME INDEX; SUBJECT INDEX;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789048128310
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 192
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Series Statement: Springer eBook Collection
    Series Statement: Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Gurwitsch, Aron, 1901 - 1973 The collected Works of Aron Gurwitsch ; vol. 1: Constitutive phenomenology in historical perspective
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Philosophy, modern ; Phenomenology ; Philosophy ; Biografie ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Gurwitsch, Aron 1901-1973 ; Phänomenologie
    Abstract: The first of a planned six volumes of Gurwitsch's writings, this volume contains, above all, the English translation of his Esquisse de phénoménologie constitutive, the text based on his four lecture courses at Institute d'Histoire des Sciences et des Techniques at the Sorbonne during the 1930s. These lectures were regularly attended by Maurice Merleau-Ponty. The book relates Husserlian or constitutive phenomenology to modern first philosophy and the philosophy of the human as well as the natural sciences and was nearly finished when Gurwitsch had to flee to the United States before Germany conquered France. In addition, this volume contains what is in effect Gurwitsch's autobiographical sketch, critical reviews of works by Gaston Berger, Jean Hering, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Maurice Pradines, and Ives Simone, members of the French intellectual milieu of the 1930s when French phenomenology initially developed, and also two originally unpublished essays from that period. Finally, there are three essays and two reviews from Gurwitsch's American period in which phenomenological philosophy and especially his revised account of the noema is also placed in historical perspective.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands
    ISBN: 9789048130214 , 128283939X , 9781282839397
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: The International Library of Ethics, Law and Technology 4
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Cooley, Dennis R. Technology, transgenics and a practical moral code
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of nature ; Technology Philosophy ; Agriculture ; Public law ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy of nature ; Technology Philosophy ; Agriculture ; Public law ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Ethik ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Ethik
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 99
    ISBN: 9789048130771
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 24
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Scientia in early modern philosophy
    RVK:
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Humanities ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Philosophy, modern ; History ; Humanities ; Science ; Philosophy ; Knowledge, Theory of ; Philosophy, European ; History ; 17th century ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Erstes Prinzip ; Wissenschaft ; Erkenntnistheorie ; Philosophie ; Geschichte 1600-1700
    Abstract: Scientia is the term that early modern philosophers applied to a certain kind of demonstrative knowledge, the kind whose starting points were appropriate first principles. In pre-modern philosophy, too, scientia was the name for demonstrative knowledge from first principles. But pre-modern and early modern conceptions differ systematically from one another. This book offers a variety of glimpses of this difference by exploring the works of individual philosophers as well as philosophical movements and groupings of the period. Some of the figures are transitional, falling neatly on neither side of the allegiances usually marked by the scholastic/modern distinction. Among the philosophers whose views on scientia are surveyed are Hobbes, Descartes, Spinoza, Gassendi, Locke, and Jungius. The contributors are among the best-known and most influential historians of early modern philosophy.
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; Introduction; Contributors; Philosophia, Historia, Mathematica: Shifting Sands in the Disciplinary Geography of the Seventeenth Century; The Unity of Natural Philosophy and the End of Scientia; Matter, Mortality, and the Changing Ideal of Science; Scientia and Inductio Scientifica in the Logica Hamburgensis of Joachim Jungius; Scientia and the Sciences in Descartes; Scientia and Self-knowledge in Descartes; Spinozas Theory of Scientia Intuitiva; Scientia in Hobbes; John Locke and the Limits of Scientia; Index;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048136766
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XLVI, 400p, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 265
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Looking at it from Asia
    RVK:
    Keywords: Science History ; History ; Library science ; Humanities ; Science, general ; Science History ; History ; Library science ; Humanities ; Science ; Asia ; History ; Sources ; Science ; Asia ; Historiography ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Asien ; Wissenschaft ; Geschichte ; Asien ; Wissenschaft ; Geschichtsschreibung ; Quelle
    Abstract: The idea of this volume took shape within a group of scholars working on the history of science in Asia. Despite the great differences in time, locations and disciplines between our respective fields of research, we all faced similar situations: among the huge mass of written documents available to historians and that were eventually taken as sources in the historiography of science, some had been well studied while others had been dismissed or ignored. This observation will seem obvious to historians, whose daily work consists in shaping corpuses to raise new questions. The diagnosis has long been established that such selections related to the historians' agenda and thereby reflected the ways in which historiography somehow belonged to its time. Yet, it appeared to us that this diagnosis was insufficient and that the selective consideration of source material was also at least partly related to mechanisms of selection that occurred upstream from the historian's classical work of shaping a corpus. Therefore, we came to the idea that, in order to write, or to rewrite, chapters in the history of science, historians may benefit from relying on a critical analysis of the factors that, along history, shaped the documents that have become their sources or the collections from which they constitute their corpuses. It is to the development of such a branch of critical analysis in the history of science, to its methods and to its benefits to be illustrated in carefully chosen case studies , that we suggest to devote a collective research and a book. We want to inquire into how the corpuses we form incorporate long sequences of selections and reorganizations that took place in history and that must be brought to light if we do not want various types of actors of the past to carve their choices and conceptions into our questions and conclusions.
    Description / Table of Contents: Looking at It from Asia: The Processes that Shaped the Sources of History of Science; Acknowledgements; Contents; Contributors; List of Figures; List of Tables; List of Graphs; About the Authors; Introduction: How do Documents Become Sources? Perspectivesfrom Asia and Science; From Documents to Sources in Historiography; An Issue Addressed Within the Context of Science and Asia; The Organization of the Book; The Material and Social Life of Documents and Their Impact on the Historiography of Science in Asia; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1: Collecting Documents: Which Impact on the Material and Social Life of Documents and on Historiography?Formation and Administration of the Collections of Literary and Scholarly Tablets in First Millennium Babylonia; Introduction; Libraries in the First Millennium B.C.; The Establishment of Reference Works and the Emergence of Libraries; The Library: A Problematic Definition; Scholars in Babylonia; The Institutions That Housed the Libraries; The Purpose of the Collections; Teaching; Professional Practice; The Library of the Lamentation-Priests of the Bimacrt Remacrscaron
    Description / Table of Contents: Preservation of the Astronomical TextsPatrimonial and Encyclopaedic Preservation; The Temple Library; The Palace Libraries and the Library of the Esagil; Formation and Dynamism; The Enrichment of the Collections; The Physical Organization of the Libraries; Conclusion; References; The Textual Form of Knowledge: Occult Miscellanies in Ancient and Medieval Chinese Manuscripts, Fourth Century B.C. to Tenth Century A.D.; Manuscript Miscellanies; Textual Continuity in Ancient and Medieval Manuscripts; Form and Function of Manuscript Miscellanies; Occult Knowledge and Three Medieval Works
    Description / Table of Contents: Wuxing Dayi (Summation of the Five Agents)Yisi zhan (Yisi-Year Divination) and Kaiyuan zhanjing (Divination Classic of [the reign] Opened Epoch); Conclusion; References; Sanskrit Scientific Libraries and Their Uses: Examples and Problems of the Early Modern Period; Introduction; The Problematic; The Application in the Case of India-Three Questions; Background; Pre-modern Sanskrit Sciences and their Sources; Modern Research Collections and their History-``Report of a Tour''; What the Collectors Wanted to Do; What They Could Do In Fact; On the Problem of Indian Modernity
    Description / Table of Contents: Early Modern South AsiaWhat the Collectors Found; Jealousy Revisited; Three Early Modern Sanskrit Collections; Vyas-Weisz; History of the Collection; Description of the Collection; Practices; Summary; Toro; Era and Context; Vedic Practices; Non-sacuterauta Features; Summary; Anumacrpa; On Being Comprehensive; On Being Early Modern; The Use of the Collection; New Works Commissioned; Uses of the Library; Comparison with Vyas and Toro; Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: The French Jesuit Manuscripts on Indian Astronomy: The Narratology and Mystery Surrounding a Late Seventeenth - Early Eighteenth Century Project
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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