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  • 1
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 2012 -
    DDC: 380
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Migration ; Minderheit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1020-5543
    Language: English , French , Spanish
    Dates of Publication: 1.1995 -
    Former Title: Cahiers d'étude
    Former Title: Cahiers d'étude
    RVK:
    Keywords: Museum ; Museumskunde ; Zeitschrift ; Zeitschrift ; Museum ; Zeitschrift ; Museumskunde ; Zeitschrift
    Note: 2. Parallelsacht. ab 10.2002
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1020-5543
    Language: English , French , Spanish
    Dates of Publication: 1.1995 -
    Former Title: Cahiers d'étude
    Former Title: Cahiers d'étude
    DDC: 050
    RVK:
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Museum ; Zeitschrift ; Museumskunde ; Zeitschrift
    Note: 2. Parallelsacht. ab 10.2002
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  • 4
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Liège : De Boeck | Paris | Bruxelles : De Boeck ; Nr. 1.1977 -
    Show associated volumes/articles
    ISSN: 0154-3229 , 1773-0198 , 1773-0198
    Language: French , English
    Dates of Publication: Nr. 1.1977 -
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Revue d'économie industrielle
    Keywords: Industrieökonomik ; Theorie ; Welt ; Industrie ; Industriepolitik ; Industrieprodukt ; Industrie Industriepolitik ; Industrieprodukte ; Zeitschrift
    Note: Paralleltitel ab 165.2019 , Beteil. Körp. anfangs: CNRS, Centre National de la Recherce Scientifique , Beitr. überwiegend franz., teils engl. , Index 1/26.1977/83: 26.1983; 1/31.1977/85 in: 33.1985
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  • 5
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris ; 3.1993; 4.1994
    Language: English , French
    Dates of Publication: 3.1993; 4.1994
    DDC: 060
    Keywords: Zeitschrift
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  • 6
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 2012 -
    DDC: 380
    Keywords: Zeitschrift ; Migration ; Minderheit
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  • 7
    Language: English
    Edition: 2001 ed.
    Series Statement: OECD statistics
    Keywords: OECD ; Ausländisches Unternehmen ; Statistik ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Monografische Reihe ; OECD ; Ausländisches Unternehmen ; Internationaler Vergleich ; Statistik
    Note: Text engl. und frz.
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  • 8
    Journal/Serial
    Journal/Serial
    Paris ; 1.2005 -
    Language: English
    Dates of Publication: 1.2005 -
    DDC: 333.7
    Keywords: Monografische Reihe
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  • 9
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Emerging economies transition
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Examen des politiques d'investissement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. OECD investment policy reviews
    Keywords: Auslandsinvestition
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 118
    Keywords: Agroindustrie ; Agraraußenhandel ; Landhandel ; Agrarpolitik ; Wertschöpfung ; Nichttarifäre Handelshemmnisse ; Dienstleistungshandel ; Politische Reform ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report synthesises OECD work analysing agricultural policies, markets and trade. It highlights recent developments in agricultural markets and policies and considers how these have changed the source and nature of the gains from multilateral reform, and considers opportunities for further reforms. In large part, gains from further reform come from the opportunities to increase income and jobs through increasing agro-food sector participation in global and domestic value chains. Countries can enhance the overall competitiveness of their agro-food sectors though more open trade policies and reducing the impacts of measures that raise trade costs. This includes reducing distorting domestic support and market access barriers, including to agro-food imports; ensuring that non-tariff measures are appropriate, transparent, and science-based; and reducing barriers to services trade.
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers no. 224
    Keywords: Arbeitslosigkeit ; Arbeitsuche ; Arbeitsverwaltung ; Arbeitsvermittlung ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Profiling tools help to deliver employment services more efficiently. They can ensure that more costly, intensive services are targeted at jobseekers most at risk of becoming long term unemployed. Moreover, the detailed information on the employment barriers facing jobseekers obtained through the profiling process can be used to tailor services more closely to their individual needs. While other forms of profiling exist, the focus is on statistical profiling, which makes use of statistical models to predict jobseekers’ likelihood of becoming long-term unemployed. An overview on profiling tools currently used throughout the OECD is presented, considerations for the development of such tools, and some insights into the latest developments such as using “click data” on job searches and advanced machine learning techniques. Also discussed are the limitations of statistical profiling tools and options for policymakers on how to address those in the development and implementation of statistical profiling tools.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: West African papers no. 19 (February 2019)
    Series Statement: West African papers
    Keywords: Development ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The paper examines the evolution and the contemporary state of civil-military relations in the francophone Sahel (Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, and Senegal). In a first step, the paper traces the emergence of excessive political influence of the armed forces (praetorianism) in the Sahel. Out of these, only Senegal has remained under civilian rule since independence. The other countries have experienced military dictatorship at some point. Over the last thirty years, the Sahel has seen a shift toward more civilian oversight in political affairs. In Chad and Mauritania, however, the armed forces remain the pre-eminent political actor. In Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger, sections of the armed forces refuse to accept civilian rule. The second part examines the various challenges and tasks the armed forces in all six countries have been involved in over the last two decades. Although these challenges differ substantially across the six individual countries, the Sahel as a whole continues to struggle primarily with domestic security threats. The paper concludes with guidelines designed to foster civilian oversight and democratic reform.
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  • 13
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers no. 17 (January 2019)
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers
    Keywords: Unconventional monetary policy ; productivity ; capital reallocation ; bond markets ; United States ; United States ; Science and Technology ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: We examine the relationship between lax monetary policy, access to high-yield bond markets and productivity in the US between 2008 and 2016. Using monetary policy surprises, obtained from changes in interest rates futures in narrow windows around FOMC announcements, we isolate the increased access to high-yield bond markets relative to investment-grade bond markets that is due to unconventional monetary policy (UMP). We find that through the risk-taking channel, UMP has increased investors’ appetite for high-yield US corporate bonds, thereby increasing access to high-yield bond markets for firms with a higher risk profile. Since the relationship between credit ratings and firm-level productivity is U-shaped, the aggregate effect on productivity is a priori unclear. Turning to the real economy, we thus analyse whether this additional access to finance had an effect on aggregate productivity by altering the reallocation of resources across firms. Our results show that unconventional monetary policy induced less investment in tangible capital by high-productive firms. However, before drawing conclusions on the net effects of UMP on aggregate productivity, we discuss a number of issues that this paper could not deal with due to data limitations, including prominently whether this apparent misallocation may have been offset by a shift in the composition of investments towards more intangible investment.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264311053
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 189 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Rethinking innovation for a sustainable ocean economy
    Keywords: Meeresnutzung ; Meeresschutz ; Umwelttechnik ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Welt ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Meeresnutzung ; Umwelttechnik ; Technischer Fortschritt
    Abstract: This new OECD report on the ocean economy emphasises the growing importance of science and technologies in improving the sustainable economic development of our seas and ocean. Marine ecosystems sit at the heart of many of the world’s global challenges: food, medicines, new sources of clean energy, climate regulation, job creation and inclusive growth. But we need to safeguard and improve the health of marine ecosystems to support our ever-growing use of marine resources. Innovation in science and technology will play a key role in reconciling these two objectives. This report identifies three priority areas for action based on a number of in-depth case studies: 1) approaches that produce win-win outcomes for ocean business and the ocean environment across a range of marine and maritime applications; 2) the creation of ocean-economy innovation networks; and 3) new pioneering initiatives to improve measurement of the ocean economy.
    Note: Literaturangaben , Acrobat Reader.
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  • 15
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 58 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD environment working papers no. 143
    Keywords: City-Maut ; Kommunale Verkehrspolitik ; Fahrrad ; Share Economy ; Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Mailand ; Environment ; Italy ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of congestion pricing on the demand for clean transport modes. To this end, it draws on an empirical analysis of the effect of Milan’s congestion charge on the use of bike sharing. The analysis indicates that congestion pricing increases daily bike-sharing use by at least 5% in the short term. Extending the schedule of the congestion charge in the early evening increases bike-sharing use in the affected time window by 12%. The impact of the policy on bike-sharing use mainly occurs through the reduction of road traffic congestion, which makes cycling safer and more pleasant. The findings of the study indicate that policies aiming to reduce car use also have positive repercussions on the uptake of green mobility options. Relying solely on direct incentives for cycling, which often involve infrastructure projects, is likely insufficient to remove barriers to bike use.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 16
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 122
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Agraraußenhandel ; Landhandel ; Landwirtschaft ; Wertschöpfung ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: How are new opportunities to create and share information shaping the digital transformation of the agriculture and food system, and thus potentially fostering its reorganisation? This report focuses on cross-border trade aspects along the global agriculture and food value chain, and looks at how changes brought about by digital technologies can influence who participates in the value chain, where value added is created, and how value is distributed between actors in the chain. However, it is not only changes in the agriculture and food sector from digital technologies that matters, but also the digital transformation of other actors in the global value chain (GVC) such as support services, logistics and governments. Digital technologies present a potential to reduce trade and transaction costs, including those related to identifying and negotiating a deal, proving compliance with standards and to delivering products across borders quickly and efficiently.
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  • 17
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 85 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 126
    Keywords: Agraraußenhandel ; Handelspräferenzen ; Nichttarifäre Handelshemmnisse ; WTO-Recht ; Agriculture and Food ; Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Preferential trading agreements are becoming a more common feature of the global agro food trading environment, a trend that has increased since the early 2000s. While they increasingly cover the majority of trade worldwide, there remains a question as to the extent to which their treatment of agriculture has changed over time, and whether the liberalising elements contained in these agreements are increasingly addressing distortions in world agro-food markets. This paper presents findings on the evolution of the treatment of agriculture within preferential trade agreements. Changes in various aspects of liberalisation achieved through these agreements have been explored, such as provisions related to market access, export competition and domestic support. The report finds that agriculture appears to be increasingly treated in a similar manner to other goods trade, with expansion in the scope of agreements extending to agriculture. Agreements are delivering reduced tariffs among members across the majority of agricultural commodities – however, heterogeneity of rules of origin between agreements is likely to be undermining these benefits. Reflecting multilateral rules, provisions related to Sanitary and Phytosanitary measures and Technical Barriers to Trade have become a standard feature of agreements. Overall, preferential trade agreements are strongly influenced by the multilateral framework.
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  • 18
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD trade policy papers no. 220
    Keywords: Electronic Commerce ; Elektronischer Datenaustausch ; Grenze ; Datensicherheit ; Datenschutz ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The ubiquitous exchange of data across borders has given rise to a range of concerns by governments and citizens about some of the effects of so much information being collected and used, often without the knowledge of data subjects. This has led countries to condition or prohibit the transfer of data abroad, affecting trade in the process. This paper develops an indicative taxonomy of domestic approaches to cross-border data flow regulation and local storage requirements; it then surveys international instruments that address the question of international data transfers. The paper then examines the issues that data flow restrictions might raise for consumers and businesses. Against this backdrop, the paper highlights the challenge of finding balance between ensuring that important objectives, such as consumer privacy and security, are met while maintaining the benefits from free flows of data, including the benefits from increased and more inclusive digital trade.
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  • 19
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD trade policy papers no. 224
    Keywords: Außenhandel ; Internationale Handelspolitik ; Handelsabkommen ; Gravitationsmodell ; Nichttarifäre Handelshemmnisse ; Welt ; Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Cutting trade costs, especially those stemming from non-tariff measures, is a growing priority for policy makers. One way to achieve this is for countries to improve their co-operation on regulatory matters. An avenue open to governments is to include provisions related to international regulatory co-operation (IRC) into preferential trade agreements (PTAs). However, there exists little empirical evidence of the benefits of these co-operative mechanisms. This paper provides this evidence, in the context of Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) provisions. It measures the effect of IRC mechanisms on trade flows using the latest developments in the gravity literature and the most recent data sources. The work distinguishes between different forms of co-operation implemented between countries within PTAs while also accounting for the level of commitment between partners. The estimation results suggest that PTAs including SPS and TBT measures have a significant and positive effect on trade flows, with the legal enforceability of IRC mechanisms having the strongest and most robust impact on trade flows. This result holds even when WTO-related provisions and dispute settlement procedures are controlled for, implying that binding commitments are important in maximizing post-PTA trade flows. The work shows that transparency and co-operation are significant and robust factors in increasing trade. It also reinforces the view that the impact takes some time to materialise, which is important when evaluating the effectiveness of deep IRC mechanisms.
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  • 20
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD green growth papers 2019, 02
    Keywords: Environment ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper reviews the empirical evidence on the socioeconomic distribution of exposure to a selection of common environmental risks such as air and noise pollution and natural hazards, and of access to amenities such as green space. It finds that there are many examples where disadvantaged groups within countries, regions or cities are exposed to greater environmental risks, and ultimately greater potential harm or damages, or have poorer access to amenities than more advantaged groups. However, this pattern is not ubiquitous, there are examples in the literature where no difference, or the opposite difference is observed. Next, the paper reviews the empirical literature on the distributional effects of environmental policies. It concludes that although the evidence on the direct effects of environmental policy varies by policy instrument type, the general lesson is that well-designed environmental policy reforms incorporating appropriately targeted compensation schemes (e.g. within existing social welfare systems) can neutralise direct negative distributional outcomes and generate progressive outcomes overall.
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  • 21
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 114 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) working papers no. 2019, 03
    Series Statement: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers no.2019/03
    Keywords: Industry and Services ; Poland ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report examines the local entrepreneurship ecosystem of the Malopolskie region in Poland and its capacity to promote productivity upgrading and industrial renewal. It forms part of the OECD’s work stream on local entrepreneurship ecosystems and emerging industries.
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  • 22
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 25 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 129
    Keywords: Getreidepolitik ; Politische Reform ; Partielles Gleichgewicht ; China ; Agriculture and Food ; China, People’s Republic ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Reforming China’s grain policy could have significant implications for both domestic and international markets. China has begun to reform its price support policies for several commodities, replacing them with commodity specific area payments. The assessment of policy reform scenarios for grains, using two partial equilibrium models, show that China would maintain more than 80% of self-sufficiency in wheat and maize, and more than 95% in rice. The increase in its grain imports could increase international prices, in particular for wheat and rice. A gradual approach to reforming market price support with compensatory payments would smooth the potential impacts on domestic and world commodity markets, as well as on domestic farm income. While the reform of price support policies benefit consumers the most, more decoupled area payments could also have a greater impact on farm income without increasing the overall cost to society as well as environmental performance of agriculture. Lower costs of managing public grain stocks would equally reduce the budgetary cost of reforms.
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  • 23
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 133
    Keywords: Tierhaltung ; Krankheit ; Menschen ; Agriculture and Food ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The emergence of a resistant pathogen reduces the effectiveness of antibiotics in preventing or treating an infection caused by a micro-organism, thus increasing morbidity and mortality and leading to higher economic costs to livestock producers. An understanding of the underlying disease dynamics is crucial in finding appropriate solutions to containing the rise in antimicrobial resistance. This report synthesises the evidence on the potential modes of transmission of antimicrobial resistance between humans and animals and vice versa. In particular, the important role of the environment in the transmission chain is discussed as well as practices to break this link. This report also illustrates some of the commonly shared antibiotic classes that are used in human medicine and animal production, and the overall trends in the usage of these antibiotics. While information on transmission of resistance is sparse, the report highlights several priority areas where future research could focus in order to bring a greater understanding of these interactions.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: West African papers no. 20 (April 2019)
    Series Statement: West African papers
    Keywords: Development ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report, part of the “Cities” collection, highlights the contribution of border towns to the process of regional integration in West Africa. For 18 countries, six indicators are used to identify the specificities of border towns at the local, national and international levels: demography, urban morphology, formal enterprises, health infrastructure, road accessibility, border control posts. These indicators are analysed from the perspective of three geographical scales of regional integration (density, distance and division). The report details the economic and institutional obstacles facing border towns. It concludes with place-based political options to facilitate the economic and political development of West African border towns. Also in this Collection: “Population and Morphology of Border Cities”, No. 21 “Businesses and Health in Border Cities”, No. 22 “Accessibility and Infrastructure in Border Cities”, No. 23
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  • 25
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: West African papers no. 24 (April 2019)
    Series Statement: West African papers
    Keywords: Development ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Integrating gender dimensions into early warning systems is critical to support equitable crisis prevention and response. This paper investigates the extent to which food and nutrition security early warning systems (FNS EWS) in the Sahel and West Africa are gender-responsive and highlights existing gaps at national and regional levels. Progress has been made by key partners and stakeholders towards strengthening the gender analysis of FNS EWS, however, these efforts have not led to a unified reconfiguration of joint FNS EWS mechanisms to be more gender-responsive. More concerted efforts are required to assess and track the gender dimensions of FNS EWS to inform more equitable emergency prevention and response. This paper provides timely policy directions to support stakeholders’ efforts in strengthening the gender-responsiveness of early warning systems in the Sahel and West Africa.
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  • 26
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Additional Information: Anhang Milanez, Anna Annex - Taxation and the future of work Paris : OECD Publishing, 2019
    Series Statement: OECD taxation working papers no. 41
    Keywords: Einkommensteuer ; Arbeitskräfte ; Selbstständige ; Arbeitsgesellschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Taxation ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Recent policy discussion has highlighted the variety of ways in which the world of work is changing. One development prevalent in some countries has been an increase certain forms of non-standard work. Is this beneficial, representing increased flexibility in the workforce, or detrimental, representing a deterioration in job quality driven by automation, globalisation and the market power of large employers? These changes also raise crucial issues for tax systems. Differences in tax treatment across employment forms may create tax arbitrage opportunities. This paper investigates the potential for such opportunities for eight countries. It models the labour income taxation, inclusive of social contributions, of standard employees and then of self-employed workers (with applicable tax rules detailed in the paper’s annex). The aim is to understand whether countries’ tax systems treat different employment forms differently, before approaching the broader question of whether differential treatment has merit when evaluated against tax design principles.
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  • 27
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 127 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Additional Information: Anhang zu Milanez, Anna Taxation and the future of work Paris : OECD Publishing, 2019
    Series Statement: OECD taxation working papers no. 42
    Keywords: Taxation ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This annex details the tax treatment of standard employees and self-employed workers in eight countries: Argentina, Australia, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States. The accompanying paper models and discusses the labour income taxation, inclusive of social contributions, of standard employees and then of self-employed workers. The aim is to understand whether countries’ tax systems treat different employment forms differently, before approaching the broader question of whether differential treatment has merit when evaluated against tax design principles.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264606784
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (106 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD reviews on local job creation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Indigenous employment and skills strategies in Australia
    Keywords: Erwerbstätigkeit ; Qualifikation ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Indigene Völker ; Australien ; Education ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Australia ; Australien ; Indigenes Volk ; Beschäftigungsstruktur ; Fähigkeit
    Abstract: Innovative ways of working with Indigenous Australians are needed to improve their employment prospects, especially as many work in jobs that are most likely to be impacted by digitalisation and automation in the future. This report considers both quantitative and qualitative data regarding employment, skills, and entrepreneurship opportunities for Indigenous Australians. A number of case studies were undertaken with employment and training providers in the cities of Sydney and Perth to gain insights into the delivery of employment and skills programmes targeted to Indigenous Australians. The report highlights critical success factors to better link Indigenous Australians to high quality jobs while also providing recommendations regarding future employment and skills programming.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD tourism papers no. 2019, 01
    Keywords: Industry and Services
    Abstract: The ability to measure the economic impacts of tourism provides policy makers with the evidence necessary to ensure that future policies are targeted to meet strategic objectives. However, despite significant work on tourism economics, notably with the Tourism Satellite Account, a deeper understanding is needed of how tourism trade directly and indirectly contributes to the economic growth and competitiveness of countries. This report scopes out the benefits and challenges of analysing tourism from a trade in value added perspective. It identifies the priority actions to strength the underlying ‘value chain’ of national statistics needed to build analyses tourism from a trade in value added perspective, and sets out a roadmap to make progress. It builds on wider OECD work on Trade in Value Added (TiVA), and represents a first attempt to better link tourism data with the underlying Inter-Country Input-Output (ICIO) infrastructure. Pilot country analysis for Canada, Portugal and the United Kingdom is presented.
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  • 30
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD environment working papers no. 144
    Keywords: Kohlekraftwerk ; Dauer ; Umweltbelastung ; Umweltrecht ; Energierecht ; Welt ; 1962 - 2012 ; Environment ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper assesses the effect of environmental regulations on plant survival and emissions using data on the extent of vintage differentiation of regulations (VDR5) regarding air pollution emission limit values for existing and new coal-fired power plants. Focussing on NOx and SOx emissions, the paper applies survival analysis techniques on a sample of generating units across 31 OECD and non-member countries between 1962 and 2012.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 31
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 121
    Keywords: Fischereipolitik ; Fischereirecht ; Fischereiressourcen ; Ressourcennutzung ; Agriculture and Food ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Regional fisheries management organisations (RFMOs) are the primary mechanism for co-operation between fishing countries and coastal states to ensure sustainable fishing globally. This paper aims to inspire and guide RFMO secretariats and member countries in how to focus their effort and investment to step up the contribution of RFMOs to the fight against illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. It does so by measuring the extent to which RFMOs apply best practices against IUU fishing and pointing to the remaining gaps. Information gathered from RFMOs’ resolutions and recommendations introducing conservation and management measures (CMMs), other publicly available sources and direct communication with RFMOs’ secretariats was analysed and summarised into five indicators reflecting the most important management tools targeting IUU fishing at the disposal of RFMOs. Indicators show overall progress among RFMOs, but discrepancies remain, suggesting scope for improvement by learning from best performers.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 32
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 125
    Keywords: Agroindustrie ; Wertschöpfung ; Agraraußenhandel ; Regionale Wirtschaftsintegration ; Handelsabkommen ; CGE-Modell ; Agriculture and Food ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Global value chains (GVCs) in agriculture and food sectors contribute to sector growth and development. However, agricultural trade is subject to significant distortions that limit trade which in turn impacts on its competitiveness world-wide. Using the OECD Metro model, this study analyses the impact of trade and domestic support policies on participation in agro-food GVCs and the benefits that flow from them. The results show that current market access barriers and distorting forms of domestic support have a negative effect not only on welfare, but also on the possible benefits from participation in agro-food GVCs. If barriers, i.e. tariffs and quotas, were removed this would offer the potential to increase welfare, increase exports of agro-food domestic value added from all countries, and promote trade by furthering GVC links through value added. This study also shows that regional trade agreements have the potential to deepen GVC linkages amongst members.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 33
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 19 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD trade policy papers no. 219
    Keywords: Internationaler Markteintritt ; Digitalisierung ; Elektronischer Datenaustausch ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The digital transformation has had a profound impact on international trade, lowering barriers to internationalisation and contributing to growing trade competitiveness, but at the same time making international trade transactions more complex. Distinctions between goods and services and between modes of delivery have become blurred, and trade today must not only to be faster and more reliable, but also meet a range of regulatory requirements that differ across markets, including those related to privacy, consumer protection and security. Against this backdrop, this paper suggests that new and more holistic approaches to market openness are needed for the 21st century. These should take into consideration issues that span goods, services and digital networks more jointly and involve more international dialogue between a range of stakeholders and policy communities. The paper then discusses how principles of good regulatory practice in relation to market openness – in particular, transparency, non-discrimination, interoperability and avoidance of unnecessary trade restrictiveness – can provide guidance when approaching some of these emerging challenges, with a view to helping inform policy makers as they consider rules for the digital age.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 34
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD trade policy papers no. 223
    Keywords: Dienstleistungshandel ; Außenwirtschaftspolitik ; Handelsliberalisierung ; Handelshemmnisse ; Wirtschaftsindikator ; Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper presents new data on regulatory barriers affecting services trade within the European Economic Area (EEA), covering 25 EEA countries, 22 sectors and five years (2014-2018). Following the methodology of the OECD Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI), qualitative information is scored and weighted to produce binary composite indices. The resulting intra-EEA STRIs reveal that services trade restrictiveness within the Single Market is considerably lower than the applied MFN regime of those EEA members. Moreover, they show that EEA members have achieved significant regulatory harmonisation through their integration process.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 35
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 88 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 119
    Keywords: 2004 - 2014 ; Agroindustrie ; Wertschöpfung ; Agriculture and Food ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Global value chains (GVCs) in agriculture and food sectors are becoming an important part of the agro-food trading landscape, influencing both the nature of the gains from trade and the impacts of trade policies. This study explores the changes in trade in value added that are occurring within agro-food GVCs and the implications that participation in agro-food GVCs has had on the agro-food sectors. It makes use of a database on trade in value added for 22 agro-food sectors derived from the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) database. The study finds that between 2004 and 2014, agro-food sectors have been increasing their participation in GVCs and that the links created within these production networks have become more “global” in nature. At the same time, agro-food GVCs have become increasingly centred around hubs in the People’s Republic of China and Germany where large amounts of value added are funnelled before reaching the end consumer. The study also finds that participation in agro-food GVCs is beneficial for sector development and growth – both in aggregate terms and in terms of domestic value added from exports. Of key importance has been the use of foreign value added and access to a wide diversity of imported inputs. However, policies that restrict trade and limit market openness reduce participation and sector growth and development – including policies that create barriers to trade in agro-food products themselves. In addition, the study finds that the use of services value added in exports is an important factor that contributes to sector growth, which highlights the importance of the broader policy environment to enhance the benefits from agro-food GVCs.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 36
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD food, agriculture and fisheries papers no. 130
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Agrarsubvention ; Umweltverträglichkeit ; Treibhausgas-Emissionen ; Artenvielfalt ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The relationship between agricultural support policies (adapted from the OECD Producer Support Estimate (PSE) classification) and a selection of environmental impacts are analysed in a range of country settings, using a farm-level and a market-level model. Based on the methods and environmental indicators used, market price support and payments based on unconstrained variable input use were the most environmentally harmful among the various PSE measures. Decoupled support payments based on non-current crop area were the least harmful, even when considering their impacts on the behaviour of risk averse farmers. The impacts of support policies that clearly change the competitiveness of one production activity in relation to another, such as payments based on current crop area or on animal numbers, were more equivocal. Support payments subject to environmental constraints can improve environmental outcomes compared to coupled support without restrictions, however, they can also have unintended environmental impacts.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264406940
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (86 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Getting skills right
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Financial incentives to promote adult learning in Australia
    Keywords: Erwachsenenbildung ; Lebenslanges Lernen ; Anreiz ; Australien ; Education ; Employment ; Australia ; Australien ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Bildungsfinanzierung
    Abstract: Australia requires a strong system of adult learning to position firms and workers to succeed as skill demand changes. The country has scope to improve the coverage and inclusiveness of its adult learning system as coverage has declined since 2012, and several vulnerable groups are under-represented. Financial incentives, if carefully designed, can raise participation in adult learning by addressing cost and time barriers. This report summarises the advantages and disadvantages with various financial incentives to promote adult learning based on international and Australian experience. Drawing from these insights, as well as analysis of individual and firm-level barriers, the report provides policy recommendations for how Australia could reform its financial incentives to boost participation.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264434738
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (229 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Social Institutions and Gender Index
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als SIGI 2019 Global Report
    Keywords: Sozialer Indikator ; Geschlechterdiskriminierung ; Soziale Norm ; Institutionenökonomik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264744202 , 9789264522008 , 9789264728882
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (117 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Investing in Youth
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investing in youth
    Keywords: Bildungsinvestition ; Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Jugendliche ; Jugendpolitik ; Finnland ; Education ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Finland ; Finnland ; Jugendpolitik ; Bildungspolitik ; Junger Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: The series Investing in Youth builds on the expertise of the OECD on youth employment, social support and skills. It covers both OECD countries and key emerging economies. The report on Finland presents new results from a comprehensive analysis of the situation of young people in Finland, exploiting various sources of survey-based and administrative data. It provides a detailed assessment of education, employment and social policies in Finland from an international perspective, and offers tailored recommendations to help improve the school-to-work transition. Earlier reviews in the same series have looked at youth policies in Brazil (2014), Latvia and Tunisia (2015), Australia, Lithuania and Sweden (2016), Japan (2017), Norway (2018) and Peru (2019).
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789264790209
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (24 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Roundtable Reports no.163
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: This report analyses the impacts of increased automation of the driving task for road freight transport. It investigates the technology options from platooning to full autonomy and examines necessary policy responses. Focusing on the underlying regulatory frameworks, it asks how existing approaches can be maintained and when and how novel solutions will be needed.
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  • 41
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 18 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD trade policy papers no. 232
    Keywords: Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Digital transformation has enabled easier tradability of traditional services across borders and the emergence of new services that create value from data. But the benefits derived from digitalisation risk being derailed by existing and emerging trade barriers. The OECD Digital Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (Digital STRI) is a new tool that identifies, catalogues, and quantifies cross-cutting barriers between 2014 and 2018 that affect trade in digitally-enabled services across all G20 countries. This index is comprised of a regulatory database of existing trade barriers based on publicly available laws and regulations, as well as composite indices that measure the trade restrictiveness of these policies. The Digital STRI shows that the regulatory environment is complex and diverse across G20 countries, and that there is scope to reduce trade barriers, particularly with respect to communications infrastructure and burdensome measures that affect cross-border data transfers. The Digital STRI can also map regulatory heterogeneity across the G20, and help monitor regulatory convergence, e.g. from regulatory cooperation in trade agreements.
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  • 42
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers no. 19 (October 2019)
    Series Statement: OECD productivity working papers
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Productivity growth has declined in most advanced economies in the past two decades and there are signs that the pace of global value chain (GVC) integration has slowed in the post-crisis period. This paper explores the role of GVCs - international trade in intermediate inputs - for multi-factor productivity growth using a range of cross-country industry-level data sources. We find that greater participation in GVCs is associated with faster domestic productivity growth at the industry level. We estimate that if GVCs had continued to grow at their pre-crisis trend, productivity growth would have been around 1 percentage point faster over the subsequent five years in both manufacturing and services. We also find that the productivity-enhancing direction of trade differs between sectors. For manufacturing sectors, greater use of intermediate inputs from foreign sources (backward participation) is linked with faster productivity growth, reflecting the beneficial effects of having access to better quality or cheaper inputs. For services sectors, it is more the sales of intermediates (forward participation) that is associated with productivity gains, in line with the traditional role of services in foreign trade as providing inputs to other activities. Looking by partner country, GVC participation with higher productivity countries is particularly productivity enhancing. We also find that GVC integration spurs greater domestic innovation activity.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris] : OECD | Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264484580
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (252 Seiten) , Diagramme
    Edition: Launch version
    Series Statement: OECD health policy studies
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The heavy burden of obesity
    Keywords: Körpergewicht ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsökonomik ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; OECD ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Körpergewicht ; Fettsucht ; Übergewicht
    Abstract: Almost one in four people in OECD countries is currently obese. This epidemic has far-reaching consequences for individuals, society and the economy. Using microsimulation modelling, this book analyses the burden of obesity and overweight in 52 countries (including OECD, European Union and G20 countries), showing how overweight reduces life expectancy, increases healthcare costs, decreases workers' productivity and lowers GDP. The report makes the urgent economic case to scale up investments in policies to promote healthy lifestyles and tackle this growing global public health problem. The book evaluates a number of policies which could significantly improve health outcomes while being an excellent investment for countries.
    Note: Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 243-252
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264597181
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Luxembourg 2019 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Luxemburg ; Taxation ; Luxembourg ; Luxemburg ; Finanzverwaltung ; Steuer ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: This report contains the 2019 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Luxembourg.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264683358
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (144 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: West African Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Femmes et réseaux marchands en Afrique de l’Ouest
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Women and trade networks in West Africa
    Keywords: Frauen ; Netzwerk ; Unternehmensnetzwerk ; Lieferkette ; Westafrika ; Development ; Westafrika ; Handel ; Frau
    Abstract: Women make a significant contribution to West Africa's food economy, perpetuating a long tradition of commerce and participating in cross-border trade and regional outreach. Their activities face numerous obstacles but also present important opportunities, highlighted in this report through an unprecedented relational and spatial analysis of social networks. The study focuses on the rice sector in the Dendi region (Benin, Niger and Nigeria) and on the regional governance networks that support women's entrepreneurship. It confirms that Nigeria occupies a privileged position due to its demographics and growing urbanisation. The report proposes the development of innovative public policies based on the reinforcement of the social capital of women and policy approaches that promote better integration of the initiatives undertaken by governments, international and non-governmental organisations to empower women and strengthen their resilience.
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  • 46
    ISBN: 9789264575462
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (546 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: SME Policy Index
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe América Latina y el Caribe 2019 : Políticas para PYMEs competitivas en la Alianza del Pacífico y países participantes de América del Sur
    Keywords: Development ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: The SME Policy Index is a benchmarking tool that assists emerging economies in monitoring and evaluating progress in policies that support small and medium-sized enterprises. This first application of the Index methodology in the Latin American and Caribbean region covers the four Pacific Alliance member countries (Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru) and three participating South American countries (Argentina, Ecuador, Uruguay). Divided into seven policy dimensions, this report assesses the strengths and weaknesses that exist in different areas of SME policy design, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation, and provides guidance to policy makers in identifying policy areas for future reform according to international good practices. This report is a joint effort between the Development Bank of Latin America (CAF) and the OECD through its Latin America and the Caribbean Regional Programme (LACRP), in co-operation with the Latin American and Caribbean Economic System (SELA) and the “Foundation for the Strategic Analysis and Development of the SME” (FAEDPYME).
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264312340
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (120 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Examens de l'OCDE sur la coopération pour le développement : Suisse 2019
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD development co-operation peer reviews
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Schweiz ; Development ; Switzerland ; Schweiz ; Entwicklungshilfe
    Abstract: The OECD's Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts periodic reviews of the individual development co-operation efforts of DAC members. The policies and programmes of each DAC member are critically examined approximately once every five years. DAC peer reviews assess the performance of a given member, not just that of its development co-operation agency, and examine both policy and implementation. They take an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities of the member under review. This review assesses the performance of Switzerland including its strategic support to multilateralism in order to tackle global goods and challenges, its comprehensive vision for development and partnerships and the current pressure on development and humanitarian programmes.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264574113
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Social Institutions and Gender Index
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als SIGI 2019 Regional Report for Eurasia
    Keywords: Sozialer Indikator ; Geschlechterdiskriminierung ; Soziale Norm ; Institutionenökonomik ; Eurasien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: Over the past decade, the Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) has consistently shown that governments need to look at discriminatory laws, social norms and practices to achieve gender equality and promote women’s empowerment. This 2019 regional report provides an overview of the main outcomes of the SIGI in 12 Eurasian countries in relation to women and the family, their physical integrity, access to productive and financial resources and their civic rights, as well as the economic cost they represent. Building on these outcomes, the report provides a set of tailored regional policy recommendations to enhance Eurasia's governmental efforts to deliver their gender-equality commitments through a three-pronged approach: legal reforms and transformative gender policies, laws through community mobilisation and empowerment, and policy efficiency through accountability and monitoring.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264311893 , 9789264312746 , 9789264312739
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (92 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD development co-operation peer reviews
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Griechenland ; Development ; Greece ; Griechenland ; Entwicklungshilfe
    Abstract: The OECD's Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts periodic reviews of the individual development co-operation efforts of DAC members. The policies and programmes of each DAC member are critically examined approximately once every five years. DAC peer reviews assess the performance of a given member, not just that of its development co-operation agency, and examine both policy and implementation. They take an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities of the member under review. Since its last peer review, a severe economic recession brought about significant cuts to Greece’s national budget – including official development assistance. However, Greece has maintained its commitment to development co-operation. In response to the refugee and migration crisis Greece mobilised resources and its population to provide significant support to asylum seekers and refugees, and adapted its domestic policies to create conditions for peaceful co-existence between refugees, asylum seekers and the Greek population. As the economy recovers and Greece considers stepping up its development co-operation, this review recommends a number of steps that the government might take including building a new vision for development co-operation and putting in place the structures and systems to achieve it.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264308022 , 9789264908314 , 9789264336186
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (316 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Estudios de la OCDE sobre Gobernanza Pública
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Integrity Review of Argentina: Achieving Systemic and Sustained Change
    Keywords: Governance ; Argentina
    Abstract: El Estudio de la OCDE sobre Integridad en Argentina evalúa los esfuerzos recientes para transformar las iniciativas aisladas del marco de integridad argentino en un sistema de integridad coherente y que abarque a la sociedad en su conjunto. Dicho estudio presenta propuestas de acción concretas parte de una estrategia de integridad que sustente las reformas actuales. Asimismo, provee algunas ideas sobre cómo operacionalizar un enfoque de administración de riesgos de corrupción y mejorar la función de auditoría en el gobierno. Finalmente, en el documento se evalúa el proceso de toma de decisiones y se brindan opciones para incrementar su transparencia e integridad, en miras a lograr políticas sujetas a rendición de cuentas y más equitativas.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264832701 , 9789264434738 , 9789264108905
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Social Institutions and Gender Index
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als SIGI 2019 Global Report
    Keywords: Sozialer Indikator ; Geschlechterdiskriminierung ; Soziale Norm ; Institutionenökonomik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development
    Abstract: Over the past decade, the Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) has consistently shown that governments need to look at discriminatory laws, social norms and practices to achieve gender equality and promote women’s empowerment. This 2019 global report provides an overview of the main outcomes of the SIGI in relation to women and the family, their physical integrity, access to productive and financial resources and their civic rights. Building on these outcomes, this report provides a set of policy recommendations to enhance governments’ efforts to deliver their gender-equality commitments through a three-pronged approach: starting with legal reforms and transformative gender policies, enforcing laws through community mobilisation and empowerment, and learning about the efficiency of policy through monitoring.
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  • 52
    ISBN: 9789264310629 , 9789264310636 , 9789264310612
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Gobernanza de reguladores
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Driving Performance at Peru's Telecommunications Regulator
    Keywords: Governance ; Peru
    Abstract: Como "árbitros de mercado", los órganismos reguladores contribuyen a la prestación de servicios públicos esenciales. Su cultura organizacional, comportamiento y gobernanza son factores importantes para determinar su desempeño y el de los sectores regulados. El Marco para la Evaluación del Desempeño de los Reguladores Económicos de la OCDE (PAFER, por sus siglas en inglés), evalúa las instituciones, procesos y prácticas que pueden crear una cultura organizacional de desempeño y resultados. Este informe aplica el PAFER para examinar elementos relacionados con la gobernanza interna y externa del Organismo Supervisor de la Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (OSIPTEL). El informe identifica los logros y buenas prácticas del regulador desde su creación. Asimismo, analiza los factores clave del desempeño de OSIPTEL y propone una reforme integral para ayudar al regulador a prepararse para el futuro.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789264310087
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (84 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Turkey (stage 1)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Türkei ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Turkey ; OECD ; Türkei ; G-20-Staaten ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Internationales Einkommensteuerrecht ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Konfliktregelung ; Steuervermeidung
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Turkey.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264657748 , 9789264388215 , 9789264313736
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Pension Systems
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of pensions systems
    Keywords: Altersvorsorge ; Portugal ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Portugal ; Portugal ; Altersversorgung
    Abstract: This review provides policy recommendations on how to improve the Portuguese pension system, building on the OECD’s best practices in pension design. It details the Portuguese pension system and identifies its strengths and weaknesses based on cross-country comparisons. The Portuguese pension system consists of an old-age safety net, a pay-as-you-go defined benefit scheme and voluntary private savings. The safety net includes an old-age social pension and a complement (the so-called Complemento Solidário para Idosos or CSI), both of which pursue similar objectives but have different eligibility criteria. The defined benefit scheme has two main components: the general social security scheme (regime geral da Segurança Social) and the civil-servant pension scheme (Caixa Geral de Aposentações or CGA). The latter has been closed to new entrants since 2006 with new civil servants contributing to the general scheme. Funded voluntary pensions make up a very small share of total pension entitlements. The OECD Reviews of Pension Systems: Portugal is the fourth in the series, after Ireland (2014), Mexico (2016) and Latvia (2018), with a fifth review on Peru under preparation.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264310414 , 9789264310391 , 9789264310407
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (312 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD territorial reviews
    Keywords: Regionalentwicklung ; Regionalpolitik ; Regionales Wachstum ; Hidalgo (Staat) ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Mexico ; Staat Hidalgo ; Regionale Wirtschaftsentwicklung
    Abstract: Hidalgo is one of the smallest states in Mexico. It benefits from its close proximity to Mexico City and contains a number of economic and environmental assets in its territory. After a long period of economic stagnation, the state is now closing up the gap with national standards. Yet, productivity and income levels remain low with respect to national levels, and there exist high socio-economic disparities between the south of the state and the municipalities in the northern and mountainous area. This review looks at how the state of Hidalgo is seeking to boost its economy, particularly through a series of institutional reforms and policies to improve the business environment. It highlights opportunities to accelerate the economic convergence and transit towards high-value added economic sectors. The review also identifies a number of recommendations to promote inclusive growth and reduce its north-south divide and offers suggestions to address governance challenges in the territory.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264892798 , 9789264402782 , 9789264414969
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (108 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Corporate Governance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als A policy maker's guide to privatisation
    Keywords: Privatisierung ; Corporate Governance ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Governance ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Privatisierung
    Abstract: Policy makers and privatisation experts agree that it is critical to “get privatisation right.” A well-planned and executed transaction, backed by sound rationales, institutional and regulatory arrangements, good governance, and integrity can have consequences on future divestment activity by enhancing investor confidence while gaining the support of stakeholders and the public. Drawing on the internationally agreed OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises and decades’ worth of national experience across both OECD and Partner economies, this Policy Maker’s Guide to Privatisation provides practical advice to newcomers on key stages of the process from inception to post-privatisation. With global privatisation activity trending upwards and expected to rise, this Guide can support policy makers in their decision making process in the years to come.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264573628 , 9789264370456 , 9789264851139
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (164 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Pathways
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Social protection system review of Indonesia
    Keywords: Soziale Sicherheit ; Indonesien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Indonesia ; OECD Development Centre ; Indonesien ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Sozialpolitik ; Sozialhilfe ; Effektivität
    Abstract: Indonesia has made impressive progress in reducing income inequality and improving living standards since the Asian Financial Crisis but the decline in poverty has slowed in recent years while inequality has risen and a large part of the population remains vulnerable. The Government of Indonesia has recognised the potential of social protection to address these challenges and to underpin a long-term development strategy based on more inclusive economic growth. As a consequence, social assistance programmes have grown significantly in recent years while social insurance has undergone major reforms. The Government is gradually realising its vision of a system of social protection, based on comprehensive and coherent coverage for all age groups.The Social Protection System Review of Indonesia charts the evolution of social protection. It explores the current context for social protection and how this is likely to evolve in the future, analyses the extent to which existing programmes are aligned to those needs and how effective these programmes are at reducing poverty. It also examines the financing of social protection. Finally, it proposes policies to enhance the social protection system across a number of dimensions, including programmes, institutions, financing and information architecture.
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  • 58
    ISBN: 9789264745322
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Spain 2019 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Spanien ; Taxation ; Spain ; Spanien ; Finanzverwaltung ; Steuer ; Internationale Kooperation
    Abstract: This report contains the 2019 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Spain.
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789282116678
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (61 p.)
    Series Statement: ITF Roundtable Reports no.175
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: This report examines how new app-based mobility services can be effectively regulated. High-quality regulations are essential to ensure that ridesourcing, dockless bikeshare, e-scooters and other innovative forms of urban mobility deliver their full benefits for society. They are also crucial to guarantee safety, address environmental concerns and ensure consumer protection. But inappropriate regulation will deny citizens welfare benefits and stifle development of services that may contribute to a more sustainable transport system.
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264920583 , 9789264826151
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Rural Policy Reviews
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD mining regions and cities case study
    Keywords: Bergbau ; Regionalentwicklung ; Stadtentwicklung ; Outokumpu ; Karelien ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Finland ; Nordkarelien ; Bergbaugebiet ; Regionalentwicklung
    Abstract: This report identifies 12 recommendations that can assist the municipality of Outokumpu and the region of North Karelia in Finland to become key players in the national mining strategy and attain sustainable economic growth by: focusing on mobilising the potential of the local mining value chain, diversifying and developing new sources of economic growth, and improving governance co-ordination. It is part of a project that is building a platform for knowledge sharing and co-operation on increasing productivity and enhancing the well-being of cities and regions with a specialisation in the mining and extractive sector (metals, minerals, and energy resources).
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264355637 , 9789264553392 , 9789264543676
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (140 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Studies on Water
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD Applying the OECD principles on water governance to floods
    Keywords: Überschwemmung ; Wasserpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Development ; Überschwemmung ; Wasserversorgung ; Politik
    Abstract: This report uses the OECD Principles on Water Governance as a tool for multi-stakeholder policy dialogue and practical assessment of the performance of flood governance systems. It applies the Principles to flood-prone contexts to help strengthen governance frameworks for managing the risks of “too much” water. By 2050, 1.6 billion people will be at risk of flooding, affecting nearly 20% of the world’s population at an increasing rate and many times over with dire social, economic and environmental consequences. In this report, a checklist is proposed as a self-assessment tool for stakeholders in flood management, based on lessons learned from 27 case studies that feature practical experiences and highlight common features and key challenges in flood governance.
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  • 62
    ISBN: 9789264629783
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (100 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Panama 2019 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Panama ; Taxation ; Panama ; Panama ; Steuer ; Zollverwaltung ; Finanzbehörde
    Abstract: This report contains the 2019 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Panama.
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  • 63
    ISBN: 9789264733527
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (97 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: The Netherlands (stage 2)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Niederlande ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Netherlands ; G-20-Staaten ; Niederlande ; Internationales Steuerrecht
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by the Netherlands, which is accompanied by a document addressing the implementation of best practices which can be accessed on the OECD website.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264834392 , 9789264433854 , 9789264716735
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (137 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Development Pathways
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Estudio multidimensional de Paraguay : Volumen 3. Del Análisis a la Acción
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Multi-dimensional review of Paraguay ; volume 3: From analysis to action
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Paraguay
    Abstract: Paraguay has set itself ambitious development goals for 2030. To achieve them, it will have to tackle two major challenges: buttressing sources of sustainable economic prosperity and putting the country on a more inclusive development path. Progressing towards a more inclusive society will require a broad and vigorous reform agenda. First, the country’s healthcare system requires systemic reform to widen its coverage, reduce Paraguayans’ vulnerability in the face of health risks and increase the efficiency of health service provision. Second, the social protection system needs to overcome its fragmentation and become more effective in delivering the right services and risk management tools to citizens according to their needs. In particular, the pension system requires reforms to increase its coverage and become more equitable and more sustainable. Third, the quality and the inclusiveness of its education and training system need to be strengthened to generate the skills the economy needs, and provide opportunities to all. Based on the analysis and recommendations undertaken in Volumes 1 and 2 of this Multi-dimensional country review, this report identifies key areas for action and presents targeted action plans to kick-start reform. The report also provides a dashboard of monitoring indicators to support the reform agenda in the country.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264888098 , 9789264857452 , 9789264828223
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (186 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Territorial Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD-Berichte zur Regionalentwicklung: Metropolregion Hamburg, Deutschland
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD territorial reviews
    RVK:
    Keywords: Stadtwachstum ; Stadtentwicklung ; Ballungsraum ; Regionalentwicklung ; Regionales Wachstum ; Hamburg ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Germany ; Metropolregion Hamburg ; Regionalentwicklung
    Abstract: With about 8% of national territory, the Hamburg Metropolitan Region (HMR) is the second largest in Germany. In the first OECD Territorial Review to cover Germany, the HMR is examined under the lens of its competitiveness, innovation, and sustainable urban and regional development.
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  • 66
    ISBN: 9789264833913 , 9789264422421 , 9789264342064
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (180 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Food and Agricultural Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Innovation, productivité et durabilité dans le secteur agricole et alimentaire : Principales conclusions des examens par pays et leçons pour l’action publique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Innovation, productivity and sustainability in food and agriculture
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; Wissenschaft ; Technologie ; Innovationsdiffusion ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Markets that function well within a stable regulatory and policy environment are key to improving the productivity and sustainability of the food and agriculture sector. This report contains the main findings and policy lessons gained from a series of wide-ranging country reviews on how government policies can improve sectoral productivity and sustainability through their impact on innovation, structural change, natural resource use, and climate change. Improving the policy environment would require rolling back those policies that distort markets the most and retain farmers in uncompetitive and low-income activities, harm the environment, stifle innovation, slow structural and generational change, and weaken resilience. Agriculture policy should focus instead on measures that facilitate the uptake of technologies and practices that use resources more efficiently and sustainably, and which contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Of equal importance are: a more collaborative approach, more effective governance systems, the development of long-term strategies, strengthened linkages between national and international actors, and comprehensive and coherent evaluation procedures. Public funding of food and agricultural research is also crucial, and private efforts need to be strengthened, including through public-private partnerships. Finally, improving overall policy coherence would contribute to building trust, and to increasing policy effectiveness at each step of the food and agriculture chain.
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789264598362
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (95 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Costa Rica (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Costa Rica ; Taxation ; Costa Rica ; Costa Rica ; Finanzverwaltung ; Steuer ; Grenzüberschreitende Kooperation
    Abstract: This report contains the 2019 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Costa Rica.
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  • 68
    ISBN: 9789264840706
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (107 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Croatia 2019 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Kroatien ; Taxation ; Croatia
    Abstract: This report contains the 2019 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Croatia.
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  • 69
    ISBN: 9789264794511
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (72 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Keywords: Taxation ; Croatia
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Croatia.
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  • 70
    ISBN: 9789264995468
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (79 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Nauru 2019 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Nauru ; Taxation ; Nauru ; Nauru ; Finanzverwaltung ; Steuer
    Abstract: This report contains the 2019 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Nauru.
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  • 71
    ISBN: 9789264327658
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (91 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: United States (stage 2)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; USA ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; United States ; G-20-Staaten ; USA ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Konfliktregelung
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by the United States, which is accompanied by a document addressing the implementation of best practices which can be accessed on the OECD website.
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264943568 , 9789264924833 , 9789264513433
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (46 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Le gouvernement ouvert à Salé au Maroc
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Open government in Salé, Morocco
    Keywords: E-Government ; Marokko ; Governance ; Salé ; Regierung
    Abstract: The report analyses legal and institutional frameworks, public policies and open government practices in the municipality of Salé in Morocco. In the context of a new legal framework for local authorities adopted in 2015, it provides recommendations to the municipality for setting up a more strategic and coherent approach to open government initatives, as well as for establishing new mechanisms for participation, transparency and accountability.
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  • 73
    ISBN: 9789264826601
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (119 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Lebanon 2019 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Libanon ; Taxation ; Lebanon ; Libanon ; Steuerrecht
    Abstract: This report contains the 2019 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Lebanon.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264682061 , 9789264497764 , 9789264445529
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Regulatory policy in Croatia
    Keywords: Regulierung ; Kroatien ; Governance ; Croatia ; Kroatien ; Regulierung
    Abstract: Croatia has made great strides in strengthening its regulatory policy framework. Improving the entire regulatory policy cycle will ensure that regulations are built on a foundation of solid evidence and public participation and are designed to improve the security, health and well-being of citizens at a reasonable cost. This report assesses the country’s regulatory management capacity by taking stock of regulatory policies, institutions and tools, including administrative simplification policies, ex ante and ex post evaluation of regulations, stakeholder engagement practices, multi-level regulatory governance arrangements and tax regimes for small businesses. The review describes trends and recent developments, identifies gaps in relation to good practices and offers policy recommendations based on best international practices to strengthen the government’s capacity to manage regulatory policy.
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  • 75
    ISBN: 9789264668010
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (158 p.)
    Series Statement: Energy Policies Beyond IEA Countries
    Keywords: Energy ; Morocco
    Abstract: The International Energy Agency (IEA) regularly conducts in-depth peer reviews of the energy policies of its association countries, a process that supports energy policy development and encourages the exchange of international best practices and experiences. This report on Morocco discusses the advancements made as well as the challenges faced by the country’s ambitious domestic energy transition pathway to 2030. With an impressive track record in solar technologies, Morocco is leading the deployment of renewable energy in North Africa. Further progress, however, can be made in commercial or industrial applications that continue to rely on fossil fuel imports. Although successful in providing electricity access to its rising population, Morocco also faces the challenging task of keeping energy demand in check. In this report, the IEA provides recommendations for how to strengthen Morocco’s energy efficiency policies to help the country continue to transform its energy sectors in order to meet the renewable energy and energy efficiency targets.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789264700109
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (71 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Bulgaria (stage 1)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Bulgarien ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation
    Abstract: Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The minimum standard is complemented by a set of best practices. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Bulgaria.
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264172739 , 9789264738621 , 9789264477629
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (208 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Environmental Performance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe ESAO Vides raksturlielumu pārskats par Latviju 2019.gads
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Examens environnementaux de l’OCDE : Lettonie 2019 (Version abrégée)
    Keywords: Environment ; Latvia
    Abstract: Latvia has come a long way in improving its environmental performance and the well-being of the population. Large amounts of investment have helped increase the use of renewables, improve energy efficiency of homes, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and extend access to water and waste services. However, convergence with more advanced OECD economies is far from being accomplished. Forestry and agriculture play a key economic role, but exert increasing pressures on biodiversity. Mainstreaming biodiversity considerations into economic development policies should be a priority. Accelerating the transition towards a low-carbon and circular economy will require major investment in sustainable infrastructure, more waste prevention and recycling and stronger economic instruments. This is the first Environmental Performance Review of Latvia. It evaluates progress towards sustainable development and green growth, with special features on waste and circular economy, and biodiversity conservation and sustainable use.
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264332829 , 9789264799004 , 9789264811072
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (130 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Skills Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Skills matter
    Keywords: Qualifikation ; Arbeitskräfte ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Employment ; Algeria ; Australia ; Austria ; Belgium ; Canada ; Chile ; Cyprus ; Czech Republic ; Denmark ; Ecuador ; Estonia ; Finland ; France ; Germany ; Greece ; Hungary ; Indonesia ; Ireland ; Israel ; Italy ; Japan ; Kazakhstan ; Korea, Republic of ; Lithuania ; Mexico ; Netherlands ; New Zealand ; Norway ; Peru ; Poland ; Russian Federation ; Singapore ; Slovak Republic ; Slovenia ; Spain ; Sweden ; Turkey ; United Kingdom ; United States ; OECD ; Arbeitnehmer ; Berufliche Qualifikation
    Abstract: In the wake of the technological revolution that began in the last decades of the 20th century, labour-market demand for information-processing and other high-level cognitive and interpersonal skills have been growing substantially. Based on the results from the 33 countries and regions that participated in the 1st and 2nd round of the Survey of Adult Skills in 2011-12 and in 2014-15, this report describes adults’ proficiency in three information-processing skills, and examines how proficiency is related to labour-market and social outcomes. It also places special emphasis on the results from the 3rd and final round of the first cycle of PIAAC in 2017-18, which included 6 countries (Ecuador, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Mexico, Peru and the United States). The Survey of Adult Skills, a product of the OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), was designed to provide insights into the availability of some of these key skills in society and how they are used at work and at home. The first survey of its kind, it directly measures proficiency in three information-processing skills: literacy, numeracy and problem-solving in technology-rich environments.
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264730441 , 9789264628342 , 9789264609228
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (271 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Green Finance and Investment
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sustainable infrastructure for low-carbon development in Central Asia and the Caucasus
    Keywords: Infrastrukturinvestition ; Infrastrukturfinanzierung ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Zentralasien ; Kaukasus ; Energy ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Transport ; Azerbaijan ; Georgia ; Kazakhstan ; Kyrgyzstan ; Mongolia ; Tajikistan ; Turkmenistan ; Uzbekistan ; Zentralasien ; Kaukasus ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: This report analyses planned infrastructure projects, decision-making frameworks related to infrastructure development and strategic planning documents in eight countries in Central Asia and the Caucasus: Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. It compares current investment flows with countries' national development objectives to identify misalignments and provides policy-makers with recommendations to improve the integration of climate change and other environmental concerns into infrastucture development decision-making processes. The report presents a comprehensive overview of infrastructure investment, primarily in the transport and energy sectors, throughout the region and identifies the risks and opportunities emerging from current investment patterns.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264874862
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: ITF roundtable reports no. 180
    Keywords: Verkehrspolitik ; Regulierung ; Welt ; Transport ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report outlines good practice for regulatory impact assessment (RIA) in transport. It describes the rationale and the benefits of RIA frameworks and offers guidance for the practical implemention of RIA in the transport sector. The report also contains recommendations for governments seeking to implement RIA within their jurisdictions.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264583115
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Deutschland: Länderprofil Gesundheit 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Germany as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264749597 , 9789264761179 , 9789264484580
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p)
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264628267 , 9789264597044 , 9789264764361
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (124 Seiten)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Biodiversity
    Keywords: Artenvielfalt ; Finanzierung ; G7-Staaten ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Artenreichtum ; Biodiversität ; Finanzierung
    Abstract: The Convention on Biological Diversity’s 15th Conference of the Parties (CBD COP15) in 2020 marks a critical juncture for one of the defining global challenges of our time: the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services, which underpin nearly all of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Transformative changes are needed to ensure biodiversity conservation and sustainable use and the delivery of the ecosystem services upon which all life depends. This report sets the economic and business case for urgent and ambitious action on biodiversity. It presents a preliminary assessment of current biodiversity-related finance flows, and discusses the key data and indicator gaps that need to be addressed to underpin effective monitoring of both the pressures on biodiversity and the actions (i.e. responses) being implemented. The report concludes with ten priority areas where G7 and other countries can prioritise their efforts.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris] : OECD | Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264900844 , 9789264561724 , 9789264851702
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (132 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Enhancing climate change mitigation through agriculture
    Keywords: Klimaschutz ; Agrarpolitik ; Welt ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Agrarpolitik ; Weltlandwirtschaft ; Klimaschutz
    Abstract: Agriculture, with its growing contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions and opportunities to mitigate emissions, can help close the gap between existing global mitigation efforts and those that are needed to keep global warming to between 1.5 °C and 2 °C by the end of the century. Global scale and farm scale analyses are used to evaluate both the effectiveness of different policy options to reduce agricultural emissions, and the impact on competitiveness, farm income, food security, and government finances. In order to contribute to global mitigation efforts, countries will need to design agricultural policy measures that can navigate these trade-offs within the context of their national policy priorities and objectives. As most countries have not yet implemented policies to reduce emissions from agriculture, the analyses provided here come at an opportune time to inform this policy development.
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264345355 , 9789264459212 , 9789264448582
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (116 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Réforme des marchés publics : Progrès de mise en œuvre de la Recommandation 2015 de l’OCDE
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Reforming public procurement
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Auftrag ; OECD-Staaten ; Governance
    Abstract: This report presents progress made by OECD countries and other economies on their adherence to the 2015 Recommendation of the Council on Public Procurement. The Recommendation provides strategic guidance in addressing challenges encountered in public procurement and identifies good procurement practices in order to ensure a strategic and holistic use of public procurement. This report discusses the Recommendation's continued relevance, how widely it has been disseminated, and whether it requires updating or revision.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Rome, Italy] : published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development | Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264637504 , 9789251316474
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (v, 57 Seiten) , Diagramme, Karten
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: This report, prepared by FAO and the OECD with inputs from ERIA, IFPRI, IFAD, and WTO, has been submitted to the G20 Presidency of Japan in response to the Presidency’s request for background notes on Sustainable, Productive and Resilient Agro-Food Systems: value chains, human capital, and the 2030 Agenda.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris] : OECD, UNDP | Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264580213
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (36 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Keywords: Education ; Energy ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Taxation ; Development ; Economics ; Trade
    Abstract: As the world's premier forum for international economic co-operation, the G20 plays a critical role in helping to achieve the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Based on robust evidence and available data, this report examines how the G20's contributions to the global goals across key sectors are already making a difference, while also suggesting where it could go further in leading by example to support the global goals. Collectively, G20 members account for around 85% of global gross domestic product, 75% of world trade and 80% of global carbon dioxide emissions – to name just a few areas of the G20's influence. This report, commissioned by the Government of Japan in support of its 2019 G20 Presidency, takes stock of the G20's progress to date against its Action Plan on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264770065 , 9789264869721 , 9789264319837
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (105 Seiten)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Trends and drivers of agri-environmental performance in OECD countries
    Keywords: Umweltbelastung ; Landwirtschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Development
    Abstract: This report updates the data published in the 2015 OECD Compendium of Agri-environmental Indicators to present a summary of the environmental performance of agriculture in OECD countries as of end-2015. It also includes new and innovative material to further strengthen its relevance as a reference document. In particular, the four thematic chapters each cover a targeted set of indicators for which data coverage is generally more consistent across time in OECD countries and that capture the main pressures agriculture exerts on the environment. The thematic chapters cover the following areas: the interlinked issues of land use, pesticides and farmland birds; ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions, the main air pollutants from agricultural activities; nitrogen and phosphorus balances, two indicators that signal air and water pollution; and water use and irrigation in agriculture.
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    [Paris] : OECD | Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264641297 , 9789264563414 , 9789264887855
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (232 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Parallel Title: Available in another form
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Digital opportunities for better agricultural policies
    Keywords: Agrarpolitik ; Digitalisierung ; Landwirtschaft ; OECD-Staaten ; Agriculture and Food ; Environment ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Recent digital innovations provide opportunities to deliver better policies for the agriculture sector by helping to overcome information gaps and asymmetries, lower policy-related transaction costs, and enable people with different preferences and incentives to work better together. Drawing on ten illustrative case studies and unique new data gathered via an OECD questionnaire on agri-environmental policy organisations' experiences with digital tools, this report explores opportunities to improve current agricultural and agri-environmental policies, and to deliver new, digitally enabled and information-rich policy approaches. It also considers challenges that organisations may face to make greater use of digital tools for policy, as well as new risks which increased use of digital tools may bring. The report provides practical advice on how policy makers can address challenges and mitigate risks to ensure digital opportunities for policy are realised in practice. Finally, the report briefly considers the broader regulatory and policy environment underpinning digitalisation of the agriculture sector, with the view to ensuring that use of digital tools for agricultural and agri-environmental policy remains coherent with the digitalisation of agriculture more generally.
    Note: Literaturangaben
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264311299
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (244 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Social impact investment 2019
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Kapitalanlage ; Soziale Folgen ; Welt ; Development ; Agrarweltmarkt ; Energieweltwirtschaft ; Soziale Probleme ; Weltbevölkerung ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: This publication is a sequel to the OECD 2015 report on Social Impact Investment (SII), Building the Evidence Base, bringing new evidence on the role of SII in financing sustainable development. It depicts the state of play of SII approaches globally, comparing regional trends, and assesses its prospects, with a special focus on data issues and recent policy developments. Importantly, it provides new guidance for policy makers in OECD and non-OECD countries, as well as providers of development co-operation, development financers, social impact investment practitioners and the private sector more broadly, to help them maximise the contribution of social impact investing to the 2030 Agenda. In particular, it provides four sets of recommendations on financing, innovation, data and policy for delivering on the “impact imperative” of financing sustainable development.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264804111 , 9789264855618 , 9789264657878
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (204 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: This report looks at how governments can ensure that everyone has access to justice, and that justice processes and services are responsive to people’s needs. Based on lessons derived from people-centred service delivery, the report identifies access to justice principles and promising practices, as well as measurement tools and indicators to help countries monitor their progress. It sets out a framework for people-centred service design and delivery that can be applied to the entire legal and justice chain. Drawing on over five years of research and collaboration with OECD member countries and partner economies, the report contributes to our collective understanding of effective access to justice and the crucial role it plays in inclusive and sustainable growth and development.
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789264960374
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (199 p.)
    Keywords: Energy ; China, People’s Republic
    Abstract: China Power System Transformation has a two-fold objective. First, it provides a summary of the state of play of power system transformation (PST) in the People’s Republic of China (“China”) as well as a comprehensive discussion of PST internationally. This includes a comprehensive review of all possible sources of power system flexibility (power plants, grid infrastructure, storage, and demand-side response) and a detailed discussion of market, policy, and regulatory frameworks to effectively mobilise power system flexibility. Second, it presents findings from a detailed power sector modelling exercise for China in 2035, building on the 2018 World Energy Outlook New Policies and Sustainable Development Scenarios. The modelling identifies the establishment of spot markets and trade between provinces as two of the main elements to improve system operation efficiency in China. In order to integrate very high shares of variable renewables consistent with the WEO SDS, activating the demand side – especially electric vehicles – and targeted use of electricity storage are found to be crucial for an accelerated transformation of the Chinese power system.
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264944152 , 9789264915039 , 9789264446014
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (235 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Higher Education in Mexico: Labour Market Relevance and Outcomes
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Mexico
    Abstract: El número de estudiantes de educación superior en México se duplicó en la década pasada y cada año más de medio millón de egresados de este nivel se incorporan al mercado laboral. Encontrar empleo adecuado es difícil y un gran número de jóvenes egresados universitarios trabajan en puestos para los cuales están sobrecalificados o consiguen empleos sin seguridad social ni cobertura de pensión. México no es el único país en esta situación. En muchas naciones de la OCDE, los resultados de la educación superior, menores a lo esperado, son una desilusión para los graduados y sus familias, quienes desearían obtener empleos de buena calidad y con buenos ingresos como respuesta a su inversión formativa. La baja rentabilidad es también una preocupación para los gobiernos, que gastan en el desarrollo de competencias para impulsar la productividad y la innovación a escalas nacional y regional. Para responder a estas inquietudes, la OCDE ha emprendido un análisis exhaustivo de los resultados y la relevancia de los sistemas de educación superior para el mercado laboral. El objetivo es ayudar a los países a mejorar las políticas públicas y las prácticas institucionales mediante un conocimiento más amplio de las capacidades y los obstáculos existentes, y las recomendaciones que ayuden a cerrar esas brechas. México fue una de las primeras naciones en sumarse a este ejercicio, junto con Noruega y Estados Unidos de América.
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  • 94
    ISBN: 9789264417656
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (62 p.)
    Series Statement: Series on Emission Scenario Documents no.38
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: This OECD Emission Scenario Document (ESD) is a complement document to the Emission Scenario Document on Plastic Additives, ESD No. 3, and provides information on the sources, use patterns and release pathways of chemicals used as additives in plastics to assist in the estimation of releases of chemicals into the environment.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264879591 , 9789264615403 , 9789264630437
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (152 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Economic Surveys: Argentina 2019
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Études économiques de l'OCDE : Argentine 2019 (version abrégée)
    Keywords: Economics ; Argentina
    Abstract: Durante muchas décadas, la economía Argentina se ha visto frenada por la debilidad de las políticas adoptadas y la productividad se ha estancado. A mediano plazo, las reformas recientemente iniciadas asi como reformas adicionales contribuirán a aumentar la prosperidad de todos los argentinos. Fortalecer la competencia reduciendo barreras de entrada a los mercados y reduciendo barreras al comercio internacional tiene un potencial particularmente prometedor. Barreras arancelarias elevadas han impedido una integración más fuerte en la economía global. Reducir esas barreras puede aumentar el poder de compra de los hogares, reducir los costos de los insumos para las empresas y empujar a las empresas en sectores protegidos de aumentar su productividad. Muchos empleos están actualmente atrapados en actividades con un limitado potencial de crecimiento de la productividad y de los salarios. Visto que la reasignación de puestos de trabajo puede causar pérdidas de ingresos a corto plazo, las políticas deberían facilitar la transición impulsando programas de formación y fortaleciendo la protección social. Las políticas sociales son efectivas para reducir la desigualdad. La pobreza continuó su descenso durante 2016 y 2017, hasta que una crisis severa empujó a la economía a una profunda recesión en 2018. Eso ha desplazado la atención inmediata de las políticas hacia el restablecimiento de la confianza y la corrección de importantes desequilibrios fiscales y externos. Ha sido necesaria la adopción de respuestas políticas rápidas y decisivas, que sentarán las bases para el retorno de la estabilidad macroeconómica y una recuperación económica, aunque persisten importantes riesgos. CAPÍTULOS ESPECIALES: FOMENTAR LA INTEGRACIÓN EN LA ECONOMÍA GLOBAL
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264845930 , 9789264565388 , 9789264574397
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (160 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Regions in industrial transition
    Keywords: Nachhaltige Regionalentwicklung ; Industrieregion ; Alte Industrieregion ; Regionalpolitik ; Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Industry and Services ; Regionale Wirtschaftsplanung ; Regionale Wirtschaftsförderung ; Industriepolitik
    Abstract: This report offers guidance on how to manage industrial transition and is directed towards all policymakers seeking to improve the “what” and “how” of policies that promote industrial change. It identifies how regions in industrial transition can become more competitive and more resilient in the context of major shifts brought about by globalisation, decarbonisation and ongoing technological change. It takes stock of discussions emanating from a series of peer-learning workshops jointly organised in 2018 by the European Commission and the OECD. The report presents a number of implementation tools that policymakers have at their disposal to activate regional innovation potential to help tackle these challenges and the often accompanying ones such as an unsuitable skills base, unemployment due to deindustrialisation, and limited investment opportunities. Bringing together economic analysis and regional and country practice from the participating regions and countries on the topics of the future of work, entrepreneurship, innovation, transitioning to a climate-neutral economy and inclusive growth, the report identifies cross-cutting lessons to help policy-makers better design the next generation of smart specialisation and regional innovation strategies.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264394155 , 9789264824607 , 9789264577411
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (150 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Delivering better policies through behavioural insights
    Keywords: Verhalten ; Politik ; Energy ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; Governance
    Abstract: As behavioural insights (BI) become more widely used, countries are looking to expand the application of the methodology to new frontiers of policy making. This report tests behaviourally informed solutions to complex policy problems in the fields of competition, consumer protection, energy consumption and safety through a variety of theoretical and experimental approaches. The results give policy makers new ideas for tackling policy problems related to individual behaviour, as well as for changing the behaviour of organisations.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264312012 , 9789264312029 , 9789264312036
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Vers le numérique : Forger des politiques au service de vies meilleures
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Going Digital: Den digitalen Wandel gestalten, das Leben verbessern
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Going digital
    RVK:
    Keywords: Digitalisierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: Digital technologies and data are transformational. People, firms and governments live, interact, work and produce differently than in the past, and these changes are accelerating rapidly. How can we realise the immense promises of digital technologies and data for growth and well-being in a fast evolving world? This report charts the road ahead. It identifies seven policy dimensions that allow governments – together with citizens, firms and stakeholders – to shape digital transformation to improve lives. It also highlights key opportunities, challenges and policies related to each dimension, offers new insights, evidence and analysis, and provides recommendations for better policies in the digital age.
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  • 99
    ISBN: 9789264828438 , 9789264769298 , 9789264866928
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (60 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development
    Abstract: The world’s 47 least developed countries (LDCs) are among those most at risk of being left behind. While official development assistance and domestic public resources remain essential for their development prospects, they alone will not be sufficient to meet the Sustainable Development Goals. With the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, the international community acknowledged the need for significant additional public and private finance, and development partners are increasingly focusing on blended approaches. What are the trends in blended finance for LDCs? What can it achieve and how? The OECD and UNCDF are working together to shed new light on these issues. Building on a 2018 publication, this edition presents the latest data available on private finance mobilised in developing countries by official development finance, extending the previous analysis to cover 2016 and 2017 as well as longer-term trends from 2012 to 2017. It discusses the most recent international policy trends shaping the blended finance market, and what these might mean for LDCs. Stakeholders and practitioners also share their views on the challenges and opportunities in designing and implementing blended finance operations in LDCs.
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  • 100
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD environment working papers no. 142
    Keywords: Produkthaftung ; Online-Handel ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Extended producer responsibility or product stewardship is a policy approach that aims to increase waste recovery and recycling. Extended producer responsibility (EPR) systems aim to make producers responsible for the environmental impacts of their products throughout the product chain, from design to the end-of-life phase. This report focuses on free-riding of producers or retailers, which the fast expansion of online sales in recent years has been exacerbating. Online sales are creating new free-riding opportunities as consumers are able to buy more easily from sellers in other countries. These sellers often have no physical, legal entity in the country where the consumer resides, and are not registered with national or local EPR schemes.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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