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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (17)
  • Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V  (17)
  • Philosophie
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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (17)
  • BSZ  (3)
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  • 1
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400723696 , 1283456591 , 9781283456593
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 268p. 19 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 289
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. MacKinnon, Edward M., 1928 - Interpreting physics
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; Physics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Science Philosophy ; Physics ; Physics ; Philosophy ; Physik ; Quantenmechanik ; Sprache ; Philosophie ; Physik ; Sprache ; Philosophie ; Quantenmechanik
    Abstract: This book is the first to offer a systematic account of the role of language in the development and interpretation of physics. An historical-conceptual analysis of the co-evolution of mathematical and physical concepts leads to the classical/quatum interface. Bohrian orthodoxy stresses the indispensability of classical concepts and the functional role of mathematics. This book analyses ways of extending, and then going beyond this orthodoxy orthodoxy. Finally, the book analyzes how a revised interpretation of physics impacts on basic philosophical issues: conceptual revolutions, realism, and r
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; Acronyms; Part I The Language of Physics; 1 A Philosophical Overview; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Language and Logical Positivism; 1.3 Language and Contemporary Philosophy of Physics; 1.4 Methods of Analysis; 1.4.1 Semantics and Ontology; References; 2 From Categories to Quantitative Concepts; 2.1 Early Developments; 2.2 From Myth to Philosophy; 2.3 From Philosophy of Nature to Mechanics; 2.4 A New Physics Emerges; 2.4.1 Newtonian Dynamics; 2.5 Philosophical Reflections; References; 3 The Unification of Classical Physics; 3.1 Atomistic Mechanism
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.1.1 An Energetic Physics3.1.2 Classical Electrodynamics; References; 4 The Interpretation of Classical Physics; 4.1 The Limits of Classical Physics; 4.2 The Interpretation of Classical Physics; 4.2.1 Critical Classical Physics; 4.3 A Dual Inference Model; References; Part II The Classical/Quantum Divide; 5 Orthodox Quantum Mechanics; 5.1 The Development of Bohr's Position; 5.2 A Strict Measurement Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics; References; 6 Beyond a Minimal Basis; 6.1 The Role of Quantum Experiments; 6.2 QED and Virtual Processes; 6.3 The Standard Model
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.3.1 Renormalization and Effective Theories6.4 Idiontology of the Quantum Realm; References; 7 Interpreting Quantum Mechanics; 7.1 Formulations and Interpretations; 7.2 The Consistent Histories Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics; 7.2.1 Criticisms of Consistent Histories; 7.3 The Gell-Mann--Hartle Project; References; 8 Realism and Reductionism; 8.1 Physics in Perspective; 8.2 Continuity and Rationality; 8.3 The Problematic of Realism; 8.4 Emergence and Reduction; 8.4.1 Reductionism and Physical Theories; 8.4.2 Emergence; 8.5 The Four Orders; References; Index;
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  • 2
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400722606
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXXII, 1125p, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy and Medicine 113
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Sadegh-Zadeh, Kazem Handbook of analytic philosophy of medicine
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medicine ; Bioinformatics ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; medicine Philosophy ; Medicine ; Bioinformatics ; Medizin ; Philosophie ; Medizinische Ethik ; Medizin ; Philosophie ; Medizinische Ethik
    Abstract: Medical practice is practiced morality and clinical research belongs to normative ethics. The present book elucidates and advances this thesis by: analyzing the structure of medical language, knowledge, and theories; inquiring into the foundations of the clinical encounter; introducing the logic and methodology of clinical decision-making; suggesting comprehensive theories of organism, life, and psyche; of health, illness, and disease; of etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, and therapy; and investigating the moral and metaphysical issues central to medical practice and research
    Description / Table of Contents: pt. 1. The language of medicine -- pt. 2. Medical praxiology -- pt. 3. Medical epistemology -- pt. 4. Medical deontics -- pt. 5. Medical logic -- pt. 6. Medical metaphysics -- pt. 7. Epilog -- pt. 8. Logical fundamentals.
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  • 3
    ISBN: 9789400718487 , 1283456087 , 9781283456081
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIX, 293p, digital)
    Series Statement: Phaenomenologica, Published Under the Auspices of the Husserl-Archives 199
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Founding psychoanalysis phenomenologically
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Psychoanalyse ; Philosophie ; Phänomenologie ; Psychoanalyse ; Philosophie ; Phänomenologie ; Aufsatzsammlung
    Abstract: The present anthology seeks to give an overview of the different approaches to establish a relation between phenomenology and psychoanalysis, primarily from the viewpoint of current phenomenological research. Already during the lifetimes of the two disciplines' founders, Edmund Husserl (1859 - 1938) and Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939), phenomenological and phenomenologically inspired authors were advancing psychoanalytic theses. For both traditions, the Second World War presented a painful and devastating disruption of their development and mutual exchange. During the postwar period, phenomenologi
    Abstract: The present anthology seeks to give an overview of the different approaches to establish a relation between phenomenology and psychoanalysis, primarily from the viewpoint of current phenomenological research. Already during the lifetimes of the two disciplines' founders, Edmund Husserl (1859 - 1938) and Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939), phenomenological and phenomenologically inspired authors were advancing psychoanalytic theses. For both traditions, the Second World War presented a painful and devastating disruption of their development and mutual exchange. During the postwar period, phenomenologi
    Description / Table of Contents: Founding Psychoanalysis Phenomenologically; Contents; Abbreviations; Introduction; Phantasieren und Phantasma bei Husserl und Freud; 1 Husserl. Reine Phantasie und Selbstentzweiung; 1.1 Die Entwicklung von Husserls Phänomenologie des Phantasiebewusstseins; 1.2 Reine Phantasien; 1.3 Das innere Bewusstsein vom Phantasieren; 2 Freud. Phantasieren und unbewusste Phantasmen; 2.1 Die Entwicklung von Freuds Verständnis des Phantasierens; 2.2 Phantasieren und Phantasma; 2.3 Verschiedene Arten von Phantasmen; Notes; Depth Phenomenology of the Emotive Dynamic and the Psychoanalytic Experience
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Introduction2 Phenomenology and Psychology; 3 Psychoanalysis as Inner Psychology; 4 The Psychoanalytic Method of Treatment: Free Association and the Discovery of the Involuntary Idea; 5 The Dream and Unconscious Phantasy as Fields of Subjective Experience; 6 The Dynamic of Psychoanalytic Experience; 6.1 Resistance and Transference; 6.2 The Phenomenon of Resonance and Communication from Unconscious to Unconscious; 7 Phenomenology of Phantasy and the Emotive Dynamic of Unconscious Genesis; 8 Conclusion; Notes; Axiomatics of the Flesh; 1; 1.1 The Axiom of the Indivision of Being
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.2 The Axiom of the Division of Being1.3 The Axiom of Mediation Between Division and Indivision or the Principle of Reversibility; 1.4 The Axiom of Supplementary Texture; Notes; Body Memory and the Unconscious; 1 Introduction: Psychoanalysis and Phenomenology; 2 Body Memory; 3 Body Memory and Life Space; 4 On the Phenomenology of the Unconscious; 5 Trauma and Reiteration; 6 Summary; Notes; References; Psychoanalysis: Philosophy and/or Science of Subjectivity? Prospects for a Dialogue Between Phenomenology, Philosophy of Mind, and Psychoanalysis
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Paul Ricœur's Phenomenological Approach to the Psychoanalytic Experience2 Philosophical Investigations from Philosophy of Mind and Phenomenology Contribute to Psychoanalysis as a Philosophy of the Singular and Irreducible Aspects of the Subjective Mind; 3 Convergent Scientific Data from the Cognitive Field Contribute to Psychoanalysis as a Science of the General Mechanisms of the Subjective Mind; Notes; Berührungspunkte zwischen der „Philosophie" Freuds und der Phänomenologie; 1 Freuds Verhältnis zur Philosophie - ein Phasenmodell
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 Die Annahme der Intentionalität der psychischen Phänomene - Franz Brentanos Einfluss auf Freud und Husserl3 Auf der Suche nach einer neuen Wissensform des Unbewussten - Freuds und Husserls Anknüpfungen an Theodor Lipps; 4 Verschmelzung von psychoanalytischen Grundgedanken mit der Phänomenologie - Ludwig Binswangers Auseinandersetzung mit Freud und Husserl; 5 Offene Fragen; Notes; References; Edmund Husserl and Jacques Lacan: An Ethical Difference in Epistemology?; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; Notes
    Description / Table of Contents: Psychoanalysis and the Logic of Thinking Without Language. How Can We Conceive of Neurotic Displacement, Denying, Inversion etc. as Rational Actions of the Mind?
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  • 4
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
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    ISBN: 1283456117 , 9789400719514 , 9781283456111
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2012 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law Electronic reproduction; Available via World Wide Web
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 282
    Parallel Title: Print version Philosophy of Behavioral Biology
    DDC: 570.1
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Human genetics ; Biology Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Animal behavior ; Applied psychology ; Behavior ; Biology ; Philosophy ; Verhaltensforschung ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This volume provides a broad overview of issues in the philosophy of behavioral biology, covering four main themes: genetic, developmental, evolutionary, and neurobiological explanations of behavior. It is both interdisciplinary and empirically informed in its approach, addressing philosophical issues that arise from recent scientific findings in biological research on human and non-human animal behavior. Accordingly, it includes papers by professional philosophers and philosophers of science, as well as practicing scientists. Much of the work in this volume builds on presentations given at th
    Description / Table of Contents: Philosophy of Behavioral Biology; Contents; Contributors; Part I: Introduction; Chapter 1: The Philosophy of Behavioral Biology; 1.1 Introduction; 1.1.1 Background; 1.1.2 Motivation & Content; 1.1.3 Audience; 1.1.4 Structure; 1.2 Summaries of the Chapters; 1.2.1 Part I: Introduction; 1.2.2 Part II: Genetic Explanations of Behavior; 1.2.3 Part III: Developmental Explanations of Behavior; 1.2.4 Part IV: Evolutionary Explanations of Behavior; 1.2.5 Part V: Neurobiological Explanations of Behavior; Chapter 2: Knowledge for What? Monist, Pluralist, Pragmatist Approaches to the Sciences of Behavior
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.12.2; 2.3; 2.4; 2.5; References; Part II: Genetic Explanations of Behavior; Chapter 3: Genome Wide Association Studies of Behavior are Social Science; 3.1 GWAS and Its Discontents; 3.2 Background; 3.3 The Missing Heritability Problem; 3.4 Why not EWAS?; 3.5 Searching for Causes in Social Science; 3.6 Within Family Designs and the Nonshared Environment; 3.7 The Missing Environment Problem; 3.8 GWAS and EWAS; 3.9 Genomic Social Science and Social Scientific Genomics; 3.10 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: Genetic Traits and Causal Explanation; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Contrastive Explanation
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.3 A definition4.4 Objectivity and Context; 4.5 Relation to Previous Literature; 4.6 Traits Versus Dispositions; References; Part III: Developmental Explanations of Behavior; Chapter 5: From Cell-Surface Receptors to Higher Learning: A Whole World of Experience; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Taking Development Seriously; 5.2.1 Preformationism, Epigenesis, and the Modern Consensus; 5.2.2 Beyond Nature and Nurture; 5.2.3 Explanatory Categories of Behavior; 5.2.4 Extragenetic Inheritance and Developmental Niche Construction; 5.2.5 Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression; 5.2.6 A New Epigenesis
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.2.7 Reclaiming the Environment5.3 Experience and Learning: from Subtle Influences to Obvious Connections; 5.3.1 Naked Behavior: the Loss of Internal Cognition and the Natural Environment; 5.3.2 Simple Learning Systems; 5.4 Synthesizing Development and Learning; 5.4.1 The Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms in Development and Learning; 5.4.2 Learning and the Provisioning of Experience as (part of) Development; 5.4.3 The Development of Learning; 5.4.4 The Quest for New Distinctions; 5.5 Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 6: Re-Conceiving Nonhuman Animal Knowledge Through Contemporary Primate Cognitive Studies6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Terms of the Discussion; 6.3 On Chimpanzee Hunters (of Knowledge) and (Evidence) Gatherers; 6.4 Knowing Success; 6.5 On Why this Matters; 6.6 Conclusions; References; Part IV: Evolutionary Explanations of Behavior; Chapter 7: Evolving the Future: Sketching a Science of Intentional Change; 7.1 All organisms are capable of changing in response to their environments; 7.2 Some kinds of phenotypic plasticity can be described by the paradoxical phrase "rigidly flexible"
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.3 Other kinds of phenotypic plasticity are based on more open-ended processes that count as evolutionary in their own right
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  • 5
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400723733
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 234p. 19 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 264
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Belkind, Ori Physical systems
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Motion ; Philosophy ; Mechanics ; Philosophy ; Special relativity (Physics) ; Philosophy ; Space and time ; Philosophy ; Matter ; Philosophy ; Physikalisches System ; Bewegung ; Philosophie ; Physik ; Materie ; Mechanik ; Spezielle Relativitätstheorie ; Philosophie ; Philosophie ; Physik ; Materie ; Mechanik ; Spezielle Relativitätstheorie ; Philosophie
    Abstract: Based on the concept of a physical system, this book offers a new philosophical interpretation of classical mechanics and the Special Theory of Relativity. According to Belkinds view the role of physical theory is to describe the motions of the parts of a physical system in relation to the motions of the whole. This approach provides a new perspective into the foundations of physical theory, where motions of parts and wholes of physical systems are taken to be fundamental, prior to spacetime, material properties and laws of motion. He defends this claim with a constructive project, deriving basic aspects of classical theories from the motions of parts and wholes. This exciting project will challenge readers to reevaluate how they understand the structure of the physical world in which we live.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; List of Figures; 1 Physical Systems and Physical Thought; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Quantum Mechanics and Particularism; 1.3 Structural Assumptions and Conservation Laws; 1.3.1 The Criterion of Isolation; 1.3.2 The Rule of Composition; 1.4 Structural Definitions; 1.5 Conclusion; 2 Interpretations of Spacetime and the Principle of Relativity; 2.1 The Restricted Principle of Relativity; 2.2 Conventionalism; 2.3 The Geometric Approach to Spacetime; 2.4 The Dynamic Approach to Spacetime; 2.5 Conclusion; 3 Primitive Motion Relationalism; 3.1 Introduction
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.2 A Geometry of PUMs3.3 Galilean Spacetime; 3.3.1 Reconstructing Galilean Spacetime; 3.3.2 Galilean Transformations; 3.4 Flat Relativistic Spacetime; 3.4.1 Reconstructing Flat Relativistic Spacetime; 3.4.2 The Lorentz Transformations; 3.5 Primitive Motion Relationalism vs. Standard Interpretations of Spacetime; 3.6 Conclusion; 4 The Metaphysics of Time; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Flow of Time and Motion; 4.3 The Conflict Between Presentism and Relativity; 4.4 But Eternalism Is False Too; 4.5 Primitive Motion Relationalism and the Metaphysics of Time
    Description / Table of Contents: 5 The History of Newtonian Mass5.1 The Geometric Conception of Mass; 5.2 The Dynamic Conception of Mass; 5.3 Mach's Critique of Newtonian Mass; 6 Physical Systems and Mass; 6.1 Primitive Motion Relationalism and the Expanded Reference Frames; 6.2 The Stretching Parameter and Newtonian Mass; 6.2.1 The Quantity of Matter; 6.2.2 Inertial Mass; 6.3 Conclusion; 7 Structural Assumptions, Newton's Scientific Method, and the Universal Law of Gravitation; 7.1 Hypotheses and Scientific Propositions; 7.2 Structural Assumptions and Their Role in Inductive Reasoning
    Description / Table of Contents: 7.3 Newton's Argument for the Universal Law of Gravitation7.3.1 From the Area Law to the Centripetal Nature of the Force of Gravity; 7.3.2 The Harmonic Rule and the Inverse Squared Distance Nature of the Gravitational Force; 7.3.3 Deriving the Universal Nature of Law of Gravitation; 7.4 Newton's Scientific Method; 8 The Special Theory of Relativity; 8.1 The Expansion Factor and Mass in STR; 8.2 A New Interpretation of Mass in STR; 8.2.1 Kuhn's Thesis of Incommensurability; 8.2.2 Field's Indeterminacy of Reference; 8.2.3 Invariance as a Mark of Objectivity
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.2.4 Einstein's Mass and Energy as Two Manifestationsof Substance9 Conclusion; 9.1 Spacetime; 9.2 Mass; Bibliography; Index;
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  • 6
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789400709072
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 246p. 19 illus, digital)
    Series Statement: Trends in Logic 36
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Šramko, Jaroslav Vladyslavovyč, 1963 - Truth and falsehood
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy ; Computer science ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Computer science ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Logic ; Mathematical logic. ; Mathematische Logik ; Philosophie ; Intuitionistische Logik
    Abstract: The book presents a thoroughly elaborated logical theory of generalized truth values understood as subsets of some established set of (basic) truth entities. After elucidating the importance of the very notion of a truth value in logic and philosophy, the authors examine some possible ways of generalizing this notion. The useful four-valued logic of first-degree entailment by Nuel Belnap and Michael Dunn and the notion of a bilattice (a lattice of truth values with two ordering relations) constitute the basis for further generalizations. By doing so the authors elaborate the idea of a multilattice and, most notably, a trilattice of truth values - a specific algebraic structure with an information ordering and two distinct logical orderings, one for truth and another for falsity. Each logical order not only induces its own logical vocabulary, but also determines its own entailment relation. Both semantic ans syntactic ways of formalizing these relations by constructing various logical calculi are considered
    Description / Table of Contents: 2.3…The Slingshot Argument and Non-Fregean Logic2.4…Non-Fregean Logic and Definite Descriptions non-Fregean logic; 2.5…Non-Fregean Logic and lambda -Expressions; 2.6…Non-Fregean Logic and Indefinite Descriptions; 2.7…Concluding Remarks; 3 Generalized Truth Values: From FOUR2 to SIXTEEN3; Abstract; 3.1…Truth Values as Structured Entities; 3.2…Generalized Valuations, Four-Valued Logic and Bilattices; 3.3…Taking Generalization Seriously: From Isolated Computers to Computer Networks; 3.4…Generalized Truth Values and Multilattices; 3.5…The Trilattice of 16 Truth Values
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.6…Another Example of a Trilattice: Truth Values in Constructive Logics4 Generalized Truth Values: SIXTEEN3 and Beyond; Abstract; 4.1…Entailment Relations on SIXTEEN3; 4.2…First-Degree Systems for SIXTEEN3; 4.2.1 The Languages {\fancyscriptbold{L}t,\; \fancyscriptbold{L}f and Systems {{\bf FDE}}_{\bi{t}}^{\bi{t}}, {{\bf FDE}}_{\bi{f}}^{\bi{f}}; 4.2.2 The Language {\fancyscriptbold{L}}_{\varvec{tf}} for let and lef; 4.3…First-Degree Everywhere; 4.4…Hyper-Contradictions and Generalizations of Priest's Logic; 4.5…An Approach to a Generalization of Kleene's Logic: A Tetralattice
    Description / Table of Contents: 4.6…Uncertainty Versus Lack of Information5 Axiom Systems for Trilattice Logics; Abstract; 5.1…Truth Value Lattices and the Implication Connective; 5.2…From First-Degree Proof Systems to Proof Systems with Modus Ponens; 5.3…Odintsov's Axiomatization of Truth Entailment and Falsity Entailment in SIXTEEN3; 5.3.1 First-Degree Calculi; 5.3.2 Systems with Modus Ponens as the Sole Rule of Inference; 5.4…Discussion; 6 Sequent Systems for Trilattice Logics; Abstract; 6.1…Standard Sequent Systems for Logics Related to SIXTEEN3; 6.2…Alternative Sequent Calculi; 6.3…Extensions
    Description / Table of Contents: 8.5…Harmony ad Infinitum
    Description / Table of Contents: Truth and Falsehood; Preface; Contents; 1 Truth Values; Abstract; 1.1…The Idea of Truth Values; 1.2…Truth Values and the Functional Analysis of Language; 1.3…The Categorial Status of Truth and Falsehood; 1.4…The Ontological Background of Truth Values; 1.5…Logic as the Science of Logical Values; 1.6…Logical Structures; 1.7…Truth Values, Truth Degrees, and Vague Concepts; 2 Truth Values and the Slingshot Argument; Abstract; 2.1…An Argument in Favor of Truth Values; 2.2…Reconstructing the Slingshot Arguments; 2.2.1 Church's Slingshot; 2.2.2 Gödel's Slingshot; 2.2.3 Davidson's Slingshot
    Description / Table of Contents: 6.4…Sequent Calculi for Truth Entailment and Falsity Entailment in SIXTEEN37 Intuitionistic Trilattice Logics; Abstract; 7.1…Introduction; 7.2…Sequent Calculus I16; 7.3…Kripke Completeness for I16; 7.4…Tableau Calculus IT16; 7.5…Kripke Completeness for IT16; 8 Generalized Truth Values and Many-Valued Logics: Harmonious Many-Valued Logics; Abstract; 8.1…Many-Valued Propositional Logics Generalized; 8.2…Designateddesignated truth valueantidesignated truth value and Antidesignated Values; 8.3…Some Separated Finitely-Valued Logics; 8.4…A Harmonious Logic Inspired by the Logic of SIXTEEN3
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  • 7
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    ISBN: 9789048197415 , 1282995774 , 9781282995772
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XIII, 247p, digital)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 348
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    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Collin, Finn, 1949 - Science studies as naturalized philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Wissenschaft ; Philosophie
    Abstract: This book approaches its subject matter in a way that combines a strong analytical and critical perspective with a historical and sociological framework for the understanding of the emergence of Science Studies. This is a novelty, since extant literature on this topic tends either to narrate the history of the field, with little criticism, or to criticize Science Studies from a philosophical platform but with little interest in its historical and social context. The book provides a critical review of the most prominent figures in Science Studies (also known as Science and Technology Studies) and traces the historical roots of the discipline back to developments emerging after World War II. It also presents it as an heir to a long trend in Western thought towards the naturalization of philosophy, where a priori modes of thought are replaced by empirical ones. Finally, it points to ways for Science Studies to proceed in the future.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Introduction; Contents; 1 The Naturalization of Philosophy; 2 Wittgenstein, Kuhn and the Turn Towards Science Studies; 3 David Bloor and the Strong Programme; 4 The Strong Programme as Naturalized Philosophy; 5 Harry Collins and the Empirical Programme of Relativism; 6 Bruno Latour and Actor Network Theory; 7 Latours Metaphysics; 8 Andrew Pickering and the Mangle of Practice; 9 Steve Fuller and Social Epistemology; 10 An Alternative Road for Science and Technology Studies and the Naturalization of Philosophy of Science; Notes; References; Index;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 231-239) and index
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  • 8
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048187966
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XV, 434p, digital)
    Series Statement: International Archives of the History of Ideas / Archives internationales d'histoire des idées 202
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    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Vassányi, Miklós, 1966 - Anima mundi: the rise of the world soul theory in modern German philosophy
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of nature ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Science History ; Metaphysics ; Philosophy of nature ; Philosophy ; Ontology ; Neoplatonism ; Deutschland ; Weltgeist ; Weltseele ; Philosophie ; Geschichte 1700-1800
    Abstract: This work presents and philosophically analyzes the early modern and modern history of the theory concerning the soul of the world, anima mundi. The initial question of the investigation is why there was a revival of this theory in the time of the early German Romanticism, whereas the concept of the anima mundi had been rejected in the earlier, classical period of European philosophy (early and mature Enlightenment). The presentation and analysis starts from the Leibnizian-Wolffian school, generally hostile to the theory, and covers classical eighteenth-century physico-theology, also reluctant to accept an anima mundi. Next, it discusses early modern and modern Christian philosophical Cabbala (Böhme and Ötinger), an intellectual tradition which to some extent tolerated the idea of a soul of the world. The philosophical relationship between Spinoza and Spinozism on the one hand, and the anima mundi theory on the other is also examined. An analysis of Giordano Bruno's utilization of the concept anima del mondo is the last step before we give an account of how and why German Romanticism, especially Baader and Schelling asserted and applied the theory of the Weltseele. The purpose of the work is to prove that the philosophical insufficiency of a concept of God as an ens extramundanum instigated the Romantics to think an anima mundi that can act as a divine and quasi-infinite intermediary between God and Nature, as a locum tenens of God in physical reality.
    Description / Table of Contents: Anima Mundi; Acknowledgments; Contents; Signs; Chapter 1: Introduction; Chapter 2: Presentation of the Texts Relevant for the Concept of an anima mundi. The Immediate Natural Theological Setting of the Problem; Chapter 3: The Distinctive Philosophical Content of the Concept of an "anima mundi" in Leibniz and His Followers. Arguments of This School Against the General Theory of anima mundi. A Broader Natural
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 4: Preliminary Historical and Conceptual Presentation of "L'Histoire Naturelle" in Selected Major Works of some Leading Naturalists. The Relation of Natural Science to Theology or SpiritualityChapter 5: General Philosophical Analysis of Physico-Theology; Chapter 6: Böhme's Speculative Theology (De signatura rerum, 1622). Ötinger's Cabbalistic Theory of the World as a Glorious Div; Chapter 7: The Philosophical Incompatibility of Spinoza's System with the World Soul Theory. Bayle's Identification of Spinozism with the World Soul Theory, and Wachter's Denial of the Same. Lessing's
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 8: The World Soul in Giordano Bruno's De la causa, principio et uno (1584) and De l'infinito, universo e mondi (1584). The Revival of Bruno's Philosophy in Late Eighteenth to Early Nineteenth-Chapter 9: The World Soul in Baader's and Schelling's Conceptions; Bibliography; Index of Titles of Philosophical and Other Works; Name Index; Index of Philosophical and Historical Concepts;
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  • 9
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    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9781402097294
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1423 S.)
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2011 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Encyclopedia of medieval philosophy
    DDC: 189.03
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, medieval ; Philosophie ; Geschichte 500-1500 ; Online-Publikation ; Wörterbuch ; Philosophie ; Geschichte 500-1500
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048188673
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XXIII, 543p, digital)
    Series Statement: International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine 47
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Maier, Barbara, 1957 - The philosophy and practice of medicine and bioethics
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    Keywords: Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Medical ethics ; Medicine ; Medical ethics ; Medicine ; Philosophy ; Medicine ; Practice ; Medical ethics ; Bioethics ; Medizin ; Methode ; Philosophie ; Medizinische Ethik ; Bioethik
    Abstract: Rationale of the book -- About the Authors -- 1. Metaphor in Medicine. The Metaphorical Method -- 2. Definition -- 3. Decision Making: fallacies and other mistakes -- 4. Analysis of Causation in Medicine -- 5. Ethics and Non-Ethics -- 6. Medicotheology and Biotheology -- 7. Emotion in Medicine -- 8. Enlightened Versus Normative Management. Ethics Versus Morals. -- 9. Care: A Critique of the Ethics and Emotion of Care -- 10. Egoism and Altruism in Medicine -- 11. Letting Die -- 12. A Critique of Autonomy and Patient Responsibility -- 13. Philosophy and Ethics of the Body -- 14. Organ Donation: Mandatory Organ Donation Declaration -- 15. Stem Cell Research: A Question of Beliefs? -- 16. Philosophy of Prevention -- 17. Ethics Counseling: Philosophy of Medicine Counseling Instead of Medical Ethics Counseling -- 18. Medical Language: The Ordinary Language Approach -- 19. A Critique of Evidence-Based Medicine. Evidence Based Medicine and Philosophy Based Medicine -- 20. Lying in Medicine -- 21. Rhetoric of Death and Dying -- Index
    Abstract: This book explores currently unchallenged methods in medicine, such as “evidence-based medicine”, from the perspectives of humanism and philosophy of medicine. The book discusses issues of medical treatment and moral approaches and indicates the strongest arguments. These arguments are subsequently subjected to critical analysis. The book includes new ways of thinking and explains, uses and exemplifies the “metaphorical method”. The book argues that decision-making in medicine is inadequate unless grounded on a philosophy of medicine. As part of its argumentation, the book explores the insights offered by practical and humanistic philosophy and by creative and critical thinkers who are working on topics relevant to medicine. From this, a new and necessary definition of philosophy of life emerges: a good lifestyle no longer simply means getting physical exercise and abstaining from cigarettes and alcohol; it also means living a holistic life including all of one’s thinking, personality and actions
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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    URL: Cover
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  • 11
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048194100
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VIII, 240 p, digital)
    Series Statement: Methodos Series, Methodological Prospects in the Social Sciences 6
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
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    Keywords: Social sciences ; Ontology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Social Sciences ; Social sciences ; Ontology ; Social sciences Philosophy ; Social sciences Methodology ; Geschichtsphilosophie ; Sozialwissenschaften ; Geschichtsschreibung ; Philosophie
    Abstract: Insights developed in the past two decades by philosophers of the social sciences can serve to enrich the challenging intellectual tasks of conceptualizing, investigating, and representing the human past. Likewise, intimate engagement with the writings of historians can deepen philosophers` understanding of the task of knowing the past. This volume brings these perspectives together and considers fundamental questions, such as: What is historical causation? What is a large historical structure? How can we best conceptualize "mentalities" and "identities"? What is involved in understanding the subjectivity of historical actors? What is involved in arriving at an economic history of a large region? How are actions and outcomes related? The arguments touch upon a wide range of historical topics -- the Chinese and French Revolutions, the extension of railroads in the nineteenth century, and the development of agriculture in medieval China. TOC:Introduction History`s Pathways.- Chapter One History and narrative.- Chapter Two Historical concepts and social ontology.- Chapter Three Large structures .- Chapter Four Causal mechanisms.- Chapter Five History of Technology.- Chapter Six Economic history.- Chapter Seven The involution debate.- Chapter Eight Mentalités.- Conclusion.- References
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; 1 Introduction: Historys Pathways; 2 History and Narrative; 3 Historical Concepts and Social Ontology; 4 Large Structures; 5 Causal Mechanisms; 6 History of Technology; 7 Economic History; 8 The Involution Debate; 9 Mentalits; Conclusion; References; Index;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 12
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048128044
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XVIII, 361p, digital)
    Series Statement: Philosophy of Engineering and Technology 2
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Philosophy and engineering
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy, modern ; Science Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; Engineering ; Engineering design ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Ethics ; Philosophy, modern ; Science Philosophy ; Technology Philosophy ; Engineering ; Engineering design ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Philosophie ; Technik ; Philosophie ; Technik
    Abstract: 〈P〉This volume brings together some of the primary philosophers and ethicists interested in engineering and leading engineers interested in philosophical reflections. It is the first comprehensive volume on philosophy and engineering, an emerging new field.〈/P〉
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents; Contributors; Author Biographies; 1 Philosophy and Engineering: Setting the Stage; 1.1 Introduction; 1.1.1 The 2007 Workshop on Philosophy and Engineering; 1.2 Towards a Philosophy of Engineering; 1.2.1 What is Engineering?; 1.2.2 The Relation Between Science, Technology and Engineering; 1.2.3 Other Philosophical Issues in Engineering; 1.2.4 Interaction and Cooperation Between Philosophers and Engineers; 1.3 The Contributions; 1.3.1 Philosophy; 1.3.2 Ethics; 1.3.3 Reflection; References; Part I Philosophy
    Description / Table of Contents: 2 Distinguishing Architects from Engineers: A Pilot Study in Differences Between Engineers and Other Technologists2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The Name and the Thing; 2.3 Some Differences Between Architecture and Engineering; 2.4 Historical Contributions to These Differences; 2.5 Conclusions; References; 3 The Rise of Philosophy of Engineering in the East and the West; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Substantial Progress of Philosophy of Engineering at the Beginning of the 21st Century; 3.3 Trichotomy of Science, Technology and Engineering; 3.4 Scientific Community and Engineering Community
    Description / Table of Contents: 3.5 Why Philosophy of Engineering is ImportantReferences; 4 Multiple Facets of Philosophy and Engineering; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Inside the Diamond: The Structure of Engineering as Engineers See It; 4.3 Values and Engineering; 4.4 A Philosophy Positive About Engineering: American Pragmatism; 4.5 Even Radicals Deserve a Hearing; 4.6 Engineering as a Guild and Engineering Education; Bibliography; 5 Comparing Approaches to the Philosophy of Engineering: Including the Linguistic Philosophical Approach; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Six Basic Types; 5.3 Toward a Linguistic Philosophy of Engineering
    Description / Table of Contents: 5.4 ConclusionReferences; 6 Focussing Philosophy of Engineering: Analyses of Technical Functions and Beyond; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 The Eccentric Development of the ICE Theory; 6.3 The Limited Use of the ICE Theory in Engineering; 6.4 Focussing the ICE Theory on Philosophy of Technology; References; 7 Philosophy, Engineering, and the Sciences; 7.1 Introduction; Problems with the Old Story; 7.2 Examples of Applied Science; 7.3 A Transcendental Argument for Engineering Priority; 7.4 Conclusion; References
    Description / Table of Contents: 8 Engineering Science as a Discipline of the Particular? Types of Generalization in Engineering Sciences8.1 Sciences of the Particular: A Contradiction in Terms?; 8.2 Generalization, Abstraction and Idealization; 8.3 Taking an Empirical Turn; 8.4 Four Case Studies; 8.4.0 Case 1: Microwave Oven Characteristics; 8.4.0 Case 2: Transmitter Pentodes; 8.4.0 Case 3: High-Speed Sparking Machinery Equipment; 8.4.0 Case 4: An Evacuated Tubular Solar Collector with Heat Pipe; 8.5 Analysis of the Types of Generalization in the Case Studies; 8.6 Conclusions; References
    Description / Table of Contents: 9 How the Models of Engineering Tell the Truth
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048132461
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 345
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. Centrone, Stefania, 1975 - Logic and philosophy of mathematics in the early Husserl
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Phenomenology ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Logic ; Phenomenology ; Science Philosophy ; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical ; Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938 ; Influence ; Mathematics ; Philosophy ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 Philosophie der Arithmetik ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Logik ; Geschichte 1891-1901 ; Husserl, Edmund 1859-1938 ; Mathematik ; Philosophie ; Geschichte 1891-1901
    Abstract: Logic and Philosophy of Mathematics in the Early Husserl focuses on the first ten years of Edmund Husserl's work, from the publication of his Philosophy of Arithmetic (1891) to that of his Logical Investigations (1900/01), and aims to precisely locate his early work in the fields of logic, philosophy of logic and philosophy of mathematics. Unlike most phenomenologists, the author refrains from reading Husserl's early work as a more or less immature sketch of claims consolidated only in his later phenomenology, and unlike the majority of historians of logic she emphasizes the systematic strength and the originality of Husserl's logico-mathematical work. The book attempts to reconstruct the discussion between Husserl and those philosophers and mathematicians who contributed to new developments in logic, such as Leibniz, Bolzano, the logical algebraists (especially Boole and Schröder), Frege, and Hilbert and his school. It presents both a comprehensive critical examination of some of the major works produced by Husserl and his antagonists in the last decade of the 19th century and a formal reconstruction of many texts from Husserl's Nachlaß that have not yet been the object of systematical scrutiny. This volume will be of particular interest to researchers working in the history, and in the philosophy, of logic and mathematics, and more generally, to analytical philosophers and phenomenologists with a background in standard logic.
    Description / Table of Contents: 185616_1_En_BookFrontmatter_OnlinePDF; Outline placeholder; 185616_1_En_1_Chapter_OnlinePDF; Chapter 1: Philosophy of Arithmetic; 185616_1_En_2_Chapter_OnlinePDF; Chapter 2: The Idea of Pure Logic; 185616_1_En_3_Chapter_OnlinePDF; Chapter 3: The Imaginary in Mathematics; [s_chaptitle]Bibliography; 185616_1_En_BookBasckmatter_OnlinePDF; Centrone-Author_Index_o.pdf; Centrone-Subject_Index_o.pdf;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references , Includes index
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
    URL: Cover
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  • 14
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048136834 , 9789048136827
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (digital)
    Series Statement: Vienna Circle Institute Yearbook 14
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T. The Vienna Circle in the nordic countries
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Logic ; Philosophy, modern ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Logic ; Philosophy (General) ; Philosophy, modern ; Science Philosophy ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wiener Kreis ; Rezeption ; Skandinavien ; Philosophie
    Abstract: " The rise of scientific (analytic) philosophy since the turn of the twentieth century is linked to the philosophical interaction between, on the one hand, Ernst Mach, the Vienna Circle around Moritz Schlick and Otto Neurath, the Berlin Group (Hans Reichenbach, Carl G. Hempel), and the Prague Group (Rudolf Carnap, Philipp Frank), and, on the other, philosophers and scientists in Denmark (Niels Bohr, Joergen Joergensen), Finland (Eino Kaila, Georg Henrik von Wright and their disciples), Norway (Arne Næss and his students), and Sweden (Åke Petzäll, the journal Theoria and a younger generation of philosophers in Uppsala). In addition, the pure theory of law of Hans Kelsen achieved wide dissemination in the Nordic countries (through, for example, Alf Ross). One of the key events in the relations between the Central European philosophers and those of the Nordic countries was the Second International Congress for the Unity of Science which was arranged in Copenhagen in 1936. Besides considering the interactions of these groups, the book also pays special attention to their interactions, in the context of the Cold War period following the Second World War, with the so-called Third Vienna Circle and with the Forum Alpbach/Austrian College around Viktor Kraft and Bela Juhos (along with Ludwig Wittgenstein and Paul Feyerabend), where the issues of (philosophical and scientific) realism and ""psychologism""-the relationship between psychology and philosophy-were matters of controversy. By comparison with the more extensively investigated and better known transatlantic transfer and transformation of ""positivism"" and logical empiricism, the developments outlined above remain neglected and marginalized topics in historiography. The symposium aims to reveal the remarkable continuity of the philosophical enlightened ""Nordic Connection"". We intend to shed light on this forgotten communication and to reconstruct these hidden scholarly networks from an historical and logical point of view, thereby evaluating their significance for today's research."
    Description / Table of Contents: 978-90-481-3683-4_BookFrontmatter_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_1_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_2_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_3_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_4_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_5_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_6_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_7_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_8_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_9_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_10_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_11_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_12_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_13_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_14_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_15_OnlinePDF.pdf
    Description / Table of Contents: 978-90-481-3683-4_16_OnlinePDF.pdf978-90-481-3683-4_17_OnlinePDF.pdf; 978-90-481-3683-4_BookBackmatter_OnlinePDF.pdf;
    Note: Includes index
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  • 15
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9789048194162
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (XII, 248 p, digital)
    Series Statement: The Western Ontario Series in Philosophy of Science 83
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Buchausg. u.d.T.
    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; History. ; Mathematics. ; Philosophy and science. ; Philosophy (General) ; Mathematik ; Philosophie
    Abstract: Translator’s Introduction -- Fundamental Questions of Geometry -- The Decidability Requirement -- The Origin of the Concept of Number -- Implicit Definition and the Proper Grounding of Mathematics -- Rigid Bodies in Geometry -- Prelude to Geometry: The Essential Ideas -- Physical and Mathematical Geometry -- Natural Geometry -- The Concept of the Differential -- Reflections on the Proper Grounding of Mathematics I -- Concepts and Proofs in Mathematics -- Dimension and Space in Mathematics -- Reflections on the Proper Grounding of Mathematics II -- The Axiomatic Method in Modern Mathematics
    Abstract: Moritz Pasch (1843-1930) is justly celebrated as a key figure in the history of axiomatic geometry. Less well known are his contributions to other areas of foundational research. This volume features English translations of 14 papers Pasch published in the decade 1917-1926. In them, Pasch argues that geometry and, more surprisingly, number theory are branches of empirical science; he provides axioms for the combinatorial reasoning essential to Hilbert’s program of consistency proofs; he explores "implicit definition" (a generalization of definition by abstraction) and indicates how this technique yields an "empiricist" reconstruction of set theory; he argues that we cannot fully understand the logical structure of mathematics without clearly distinguishing between decidable and undecidable properties; he offers a rare glimpse into the mind of a master of axiomatics, surveying in detail the thought experiments he employed as he struggled to identify fundamental mathematical principles; and much more. This volume will: Give English speakers access to an important body of work from a turbulent and pivotal period in the history of mathematics. Help us look beyond the familiar triad of formalism, intuitionism, and logicism. Show how deeply we can see with the help of a guide determined to present fundamental mathematical ideas in ways that match our human capacities. The book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in logic and the foundations of mathematics
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface; Contents; Translator's Introduction; 1 Fundamental Questions of Geometry; 2 The Decidability Requirement; 3 The Origin of the Concept of Number; 4 Implicit Definition and the Proper Grounding of Mathematics; 5 Rigid Bodies in Geometry; 6 Prelude to Geometry: The Essential Ideas; 7 Physical and Mathematical Geometry; 8 Natural Geometry; 9 The Concept of the Differential; 10 Reflections on the Proper Grounding of Mathematics I; 11 Concepts and Proofs in Mathematics; 12 Dimension and Space in Mathematics; 13 Reflections on the Proper Grounding of Mathematics II
    Description / Table of Contents: 14 The Axiomatic Method in Modern MathematicsIndex;
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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    URL: Cover
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  • 16
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9781402082023
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource , v.: digital
    Edition: Online-Ausg. 2008 Springer eBook Collection. Humanities, Social Science and Law
    Series Statement: Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science 340
    Parallel Title: Print version Philosophical Lectures on Probability
    Dissertation note: Lizenzpflichtig
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    Keywords: Science Genetic epistemology ; Distribution (Probability theory) ; Statistics ; Social sciences ; Philosophy (General) ; Genetic epistemology ; Mathematics_$xHistory ; Hochschulschrift ; Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie ; Philosophie
    Abstract: The book contains the transcription of a course on the foundations of probability given by the Italian mathematician Bruno de Finetti in 1979 at the a oeNational Institute of Advanced Mathematicsa in Rome. Bruno de Finetti (1906-1985) is known worldwide as the founder (together with F.P. Ramsey) of the modern personal probability. His fundamental idea of coherence, along with his Dutch Book argument, continues to play a central role in the debates about the foundations of probability and decision theory. Moreover, his notion of exchangeability and the related Representation Theorem are at the
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS; Preface; Editor's Notice; De Finetti's Philosophy of Probability; 1 Introductory Lecture; Against the Axiomatic Approach; Subjectivism; Defining Probability; Proper Scoring Rules; 2 Decisions and Proper Scoring Rules; Why Proper Scoring Rules Are Proper; Probability Depends on the Subject's State of Information; Sequential Decisions; Subjectivism versus Objectivism; For an Omniscient Being Probability Would Not Exist; 3 Geometric Representation of Brier's Rule; Envelope Formed by Straight Lines; Operational Definition of Probability; 4 Bayes' Theorem; Bayes' Theorem and Linearity
    Description / Table of Contents: Statistics and Initial ProbabilitiesBayesian Updating is Not a Corrective Revision; "Adhockeries"; Bayes' Theorem for Random Quantities; Inexpressible Evidence; 5 Physical Probability and Complexity; "Perfect" Dice; The Lottery Paradox; Probability as Frequency; Probability and Physical Laws; Probabilistic Theories as Instruments; Random Sequences; 6 Stochastic Independence and Random Sequences; Logical and Stochastic Independence; Propensities; Independence and Frequentism; Von Mises Collectives; 7 Superstition and Frequentism; The Frequentist Fallacy; Idealized Frameworks
    Description / Table of Contents: The Fallacy of Hypothesis Testing8 Exchangeability; Urn Drawings with Replacement but Without Independence; Induction and "Unknown" Probabilities; Exchangeable Random Quantities; Alleged Objectivity and Convergence of Subjective Probabilities; 9 Distributions; Introductory Concepts; Cumulative Distributions; Continuous Distributions Without Density; The General Case; Characteristic Functions; About Means; 10 The Concept of Mean; Chisini's Serendipity; G -Means and the Nagumo-Kolmogorov Theorem; Statistical Theory of Extremes and Associative Means; Inequalities Among Associative Means
    Description / Table of Contents: Concluding Remarks11 Induction and Sample Randomization; Exchangeability and Convergence to the Observed Frequency; Bayesian Statistics and Sample Randomization; 12 Complete Additivity and Zero Probabilities; The Betting Framework and Its Limits; Finite and Countable Additivity; 'Strict' Coherence; Conditioning on Events of Zero Probability; Allais' Paradox; 13 The Definitions of Probability; Axiomatic, Classical, and Frequentistic Approaches; Indistinguishable Events and Equal Probability; Frequentism and Exchangeability; Von Mises' "Regellosigkeitsaxiom"; 14 The Gambler's Fallacy
    Description / Table of Contents: Against the Measure-Theoretic ApproachGambler's Fallacy and Frequentist Fallacy; Events and Propositions; 15 "Facts" and "Events"; A Pragmatic View of Events; On Elementary Facts; Events and "Phenomena"; 16 "Facts" and "Events": An Example; A Sequence of Coin Tosses; A Graphical Representation; 17 Prevision, Random Quantities, and Trievents; Probability as a Special Case of Prevision; The Conglomerative Property; Trievents; 18 Désiré André's Argument; Heads and Tails: The Gambler's Ruin; The Wiener-Lévy Process; Againon Gambler's Ruin; The Ballot Problem
    Description / Table of Contents: The Power of Désiré André's Argumentative Strategy
    Note: Description based upon print version of record
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  • 17
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    Online Resource
    Dordrecht : Springer Science+Business Media B.V
    ISBN: 9781402054204
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (VII, 188 p, online resource)
    Series Statement: Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 248
    Series Statement: SpringerLink
    Series Statement: Bücher
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Positioning the history of science
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    Keywords: Philosophy (General) ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy ; Science Philosophy ; Philosophy (General) ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Philosophie ; Wissenschaftsgeschichte ; Wissenschaftsgeschichte ; Philosophie
    Note: Includes bibliographical references
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    URL: Cover
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