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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (24)
  • 2015-2019  (24)
  • 1965-1969
  • Paris : OECD Publishing  (24)
  • Afrika
  • Deutschland
  • Recht
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Responding to Rising Seas : OECD Country Approaches to Tackling Coastal Risks (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264312487 , 9789264570986 , 9789264489790
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (176 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Hausse du niveau des mers : Les approches des pays de l'OCDE face aux risques côtiers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Responding to rising seas
    Keywords: Küstenschutz ; OECD-Staaten ; Kanada ; Deutschland ; Neuseeland ; Großbritannien ; Environment ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Deutschland ; Kanada ; Neuseeland ; Großbritannien ; Küstenschutz
    Abstract: There is an urgent need to ensure that coastal areas are adapting to the impacts of climate change. Risks in these areas are projected to increase because of rising sea levels and development pressures. This report reviews how OECD countries can use their national adaptation planning processes to respond to this challenge. Specifically, the report examines how countries approach shared costs and responsibilities for coastal risk management and how this encourages or hinders risk-reduction behaviour by households, businesses and different levels of government. The report outlines policy tools that national governments can use to encourage an efficient, effective and equitable response to ongoing coastal change. It is informed by new analysis on the future costs of sea-level rise, and the main findings from four case studies (Canada, Germany, New Zealand and the United Kingdom).
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264312487-en
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Can Social Protection Be an Engine for Inclusive Growth? (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264736115 , 9789264780989 , 9789264573710
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (99 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Can social protection be an engine for inclusive growth?
    Keywords: Soziale Sicherheit ; Sozialversicherung ; Öffentliche Sozialleistungen ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Deutschland ; Brasilien ; Ghana ; Indonesien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Deutschland ; Brasilien ; Ghana ; Indonesien ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Qualitatives Wachstum
    Abstract: The potential role of social protection in the development process has received heightened recognition in recent years, yet making a strong investment case for social protection remains particularly challenging in many emerging and developing countries. This report challenges us to think deeply about the economic rationale for social protection investments through an inclusive development lens. It helps us understand the links between social protection, growth and inequality; how to measure those links empirically; social protection’s impact on inclusive growth; and how to build a more solid economic case for greater social protection investments. The report adds to the debate on social protection in three ways. First, it proposes a methodological framework to conceptualise and measure the impact of social protection on what the OECD defines as inclusive growth. Second, it provides new empirical evidence on the impact of different social protection programmes on inclusive growth. Third, it helps strengthen the case for greater investments in social protection while also calling for better data to measure impacts.
    DOI: 10.1787/9d95b5d0-en
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Public Procurement in Germany : Strategic Dimensions for Well-being and Growth (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264390713 , 9789264707795 , 9789264948211
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (293 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Öffentliche Vergabe in Deutschland: Strategische Ansatzpunkte zum Wohl der Menschen und für wirtschaftliches Wachstum
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Public procurement in Germany
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Deutschland ; Governance ; Germany
    Abstract: As the largest economy in Europe, Germany has a massive public procurement market, accounting for around 15% of GDP (EUR 500 billion) per year and affecting many areas of the economy and society. This review analyses public procurement's impact on the well-being of Germany's citizens by focusing on six areas: economic impact and beyond, the legal and governance framework, centralisation, e-procurement, strategic procurement and human capital. In addition, it analyses procurement at subnational level, since almost 80% of procurement in Germany is conducted by Länder and local governments.
    DOI: 10.1787/1db30826-en
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Germany: Country Health Profile 2019 (2019)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264583115
    Language: English
    Pages: 21 x 29.7cm.
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Deutschland: Länderprofil Gesundheit 2019
    Keywords: 2010-2017 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This profile provides a concise and policy-relevant overview of health and the health system in Germany as part of the broader series of the State of Health in the EU country profiles. It provides a short synthesis of: the health status in the country; the determinants of health, focussing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the health system; and the effectiveness, accessibility and resilience of the health system. This profile is the joint work of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, in co-operation with the European Commission.
    DOI: 10.1787/36e21650-en
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Promoting the Digital Transformation of African Portuguese-Speaking Countries and Timor-Leste (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264307131 , 9789264311107 , 9789264311114
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (136 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD Digital Government Studies
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Promovendo a Transformação Digital dos Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa e Timor-Leste (PALOP-TL)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Promoting the digital transformation of African Portuguese-speaking countries and Timor-Leste
    Keywords: E-Government ; Digitalisierung ; Lusofones Afrika ; Timor Leste ; Governance ; Development ; Science and Technology ; Timor-Leste ; Afrika ; Portugiesisches Sprachgebiet ; Timor ; E-Government ; Digitalisierung
    Abstract: The public sectors of African Portuguese-speaking countries and Timor-Leste (PALOP-TL) have made significant progress in mobilising digital technologies to promote internal efficiency, simplify government procedures and improve the delivery of public services. Nevertheless, fully harnessing these technologies to improve growth, opportunities for income and employment, and public service delivery requires a more profound shift from efficiency-driven to citizen-driven approaches. This cross-country review of the digital transformation of the public sectors in Angola, Cabo Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Sao Tome and Principe and Timor-Leste reviews progress towards digital government and suggests strategies for enabling more effective, collaborative and sustainable digital government policies and approaches in PALOP-TL countries. These recommendations address three main areas: digital solutions for the delivery of core government functions, foundations for a digital government transformation, and digital services for citizens and businesses.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264307131-en
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Boosting productivity and preparing for the future of work in Germany (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1502
    Keywords: Automatisierung ; Digitalisierung ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Innovationsdiffusion ; Unternehmensgründung ; Unternehmensgründung ; Selbstständige ; Deutschland ; Economics ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper reviews policies to strengthen Germany’s productivity growth and prepare for changes in labour markets brought about by new technologies. This paper also discusses how social protection and the bargaining framework should be reformed for the future of work. Germany enjoys a relatively high labour productivity level but productivity growth has been modest in recent years. There is room to boost productivity growth by accelerating the diffusion of new technologies throughout the economy. Vigorous entrepreneurship and innovation by small and medium enterprises are key for such technology diffusion while strong broadband and mobile networks widen the scope of data-intensive technologies that can be exploited to increase productivity. Widespread use of new technologies will bring about significant changes in skill demand and work arrangements. As in many countries, Germany saw a decline in the share of middle-skilled jobs in employment. A relatively high share of jobs is expected to be automated or undergo significant changes in task contents as a result of technological change. New technologies are also likely to increase individuals engaging in new forms of work, such as gig work intermediated by digital platforms. Such workers are less covered by public social safety nets such as unemployment insurance than regular employment.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/df877b3e-en
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Organised decentralisation of collective bargaining : case studies of Germany, Netherlands, and Denmark (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD social, employment and migration working papers no. 217
    Keywords: Dezentralisierung ; Tarifverhandlungen ; Deutschland ; Niederlande ; Dänemark ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark ; Germany ; Netherlands ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur ; Fallstudie
    Abstract: This paper investigates different varieties of so called organised decentralisation of collective bargaining in Germany, the Netherlands and Denmark. Organised decentralisation occurs within the framework of sector agreements, which explicitly allow determination of terms and conditions at company level, and often set certain (minimum) level standards as well as procedure that have to be respected. German decentralisation is based on its dual-channel system and extensive use of opening clauses, which make workplace derogation from sector-level agreements possible. Dutch decentralisation is based on the dual-channel system and on framework agreements that allow company level bargaining as long as minimum stipulations are observed. Finally, Denmark combines a single-channel system with framework agreements setting minimum levels. Germany stands out as the least organised of the three. Opening and derogation clauses mean that terms and conditions in multi-employer agreements can be undercut. Vertical control over these derogations has suffered from the dual-channel representation in which works councils have a new role. The Netherlands exhibit some, very limited, elements of disorganisation and stable bargaining coverage. Decentralisation has mainly happened through framework agreements setting minimum levels or through the organised transfer of competencies to works councils. The Danish system leaves a lot of scope for local bargaining, the minimum levels are generally observed and bargaining coverage has not suffered. Based on these findings, we draw the conclusion that organised decentralisation requires articulation that preserves a regulatory function of multi-employer agreements. Preservation of multi-employer agreements in turn requires high bargaining coverage.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/f0394ef5-en
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Growth, jobs and inequalities (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264302501
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (254 Seiten)
    Series Statement: Africa's development dynamics 2018
    Series Statement: Africa's development dynamics
    Keywords: Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Entwicklungspolitik ; Wirtschaftliche Integration ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Beschäftigung ; Arbeit ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Sozioökonomischer Wandel ; Maßnahme ; Politik ; Vorschlag ; Initiative ; Bericht ; Employment ; Development ; Afrika
    Abstract: What are the major economic and social trends in Africa? What is Africa’s role in globalisation? This new annual report presents an Africa open to the world and towards the future. Africa's Development Dynamics uses the lessons learned in the five African regions – Central, East, North, Southern and West Africa – to develop recommendations and share good practices. The report identifies innovative policies and offers practical policy recommendations, adapted to the specificities of African economies. Drawing on the most recent available statistics, this analysis of development dynamics aims to help African leaders reach the targets of the African Union’s Agenda 2063 at all levels: continental, regional, and national. Every year this report will focus on one strategic theme. This first edition explores the dynamics of growth, jobs, and inequalities. It proposes ten decisive actions to promote sustainable economic and social development and to strengthen institutions in Africa. This volume also feeds into a policy debate between African Union’s nations, citizens, entrepreneurs and researchers. It aims to be part of a new co-operation between countries and regions focused on mutual learning and the preservation of common goods. This report is the result of a partnership between the African Union Commission and the OECD Development Centre.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264302501-en
    URL: Volltext  (kostenfrei)
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trust and its determinants : evidence from the Trustlab experiment (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 75 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD statistics working papers 2018, 2
    Keywords: Vertrauen ; Spieltheorie ; Experiment ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Italien ; Südkorea ; Slowenien ; USA ; Economics ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This paper describes the results of an international initiative on trust (Trustlab) run in six OECD countries between November 2016 and November 2017 (France, Germany, Italy, Korea, Slovenia and the United States). Trustlab combines cutting-edge techniques drawn from behavioural science and experimental economics with an extensive survey on the policy and contextual determinants of trust in others and trust in institutions, administered to representative samples of participants. The main results are as follows: 1) Self-reported measures of trust in institutions are validated experimentally, 2) Self-reported measures of trust in others capture a belief about trustworthiness (as well as altruistic preferences), whereas experimental measures rather capture willingness to cooperate and one’s own trustworthiness. Therefore, both measures are loosely related, and should be considered complementary rather than substitutes; 3) Perceptions of institutional performance strongly correlate with both trust in government and trust in others; 4) Perceived government integrity is the strongest determinant of trust in government; 5) In addition to indicators associated with social capital, such as neighbourhood connectedness and attitudes towards immigration, perceived satisfaction with public services, social preferences and expectations matter for trust in others; 6) There is a large scope for policy action, as an increase in all significant determinants of trust in government by one standard deviation may be conducive to an increase in trust by 30 to 60%.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/869ef2ec-en
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Working Together for Local Integration of Migrants and Refugees in Altena (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264299320
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (80 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Working together for local integration of migrants and refugees in Altena
    Keywords: Flüchtlinge ; Migranten ; Soziale Integration ; Kleinstadt ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Altena is a small industrial town in the Land of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The city has experienced a significant decline in its population in recent decades and further substantial decreases are predicted through 2030. In this context, the municipality has come to approach migrant integration as a chance to revive the city, counteract demographic change and fill existing labour force demands. In 2015, the city took on 100 more asylum seekers and refugees than required by federal allocation. In 2017, migrants made up 11.3% of the total population of Altena and the majority (54%) have lived there for longer than ten years. This report presents the way Altena and its state and non-state partners are addressing migrant integration issues and opportunities. In particular, the report sheds light on how refugees and asylum seekers have benefited from housing and civic participation programmes as well as the local responses to the peak in refugee and asylum seeker arrivals since 2015. In such a context, when migrant integration is part of the local development strategy, one key question is “How to encourage migrants stay in Altena?”.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264299320-en
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Future of Social Protection : What Works for Non-standard Workers? (2018)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264306943 , 9789264308565 , 9789264308572
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (228 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The future of social protection
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Soziale Sicherheit ; Atypische Beschäftigung ; Australien ; Österreich ; Frankreich ; Deutschland ; Italien ; Niederlande ; Schweden ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Social protection systems are often still designed for the archetypical full-time dependent employee. Work patterns deviating from this model – be it self-employment or online "gig work" – can lead to gaps in social protection coverage. Globalisation and digitalisation are likely to exacerbate this discrepancy as new technologies make it easier and cheaper to offer and find work online, and online work platforms have experienced spectacular growth in recent years. While new technologies and the new forms of work they create bring the incomplete social protection of non-standard workers to the forefront of the international policy debate, non-standard work and policies to address such workers’ situation are not new: across the OECD on average, one in six workers is self-employed, and a further one in eight employees is on a temporary contract. Thus, there are lessons to be learned from country experiences of providing social protection to non-standard workers. This report presents seven policy examples from OECD countries, including the "artists’ insurance system" in Germany or voluntary unemployment insurance for self-employed workers in Sweden. It draws on these studies to suggest policy options for providing social protection for non-standard workers, and for increasing the income security of on-call workers and those on flexible hours contracts.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264306943-en
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Making Dispute Resolution More Effective – MAP Peer Review Report, Germany (Stage 1) : Inclusive Framework on BEPS: Action 14 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264285804
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (96 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Series Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Making dispute resolution more effective - MAP peer review report: Germany (stage 1)
    Keywords: Konfliktregelung ; Internationales Steuerrecht ; Steuervermeidung ; Gewinnverlagerung ; Besteuerungsverfahren ; Deutschland ; OECD-Staaten ; G20-Staaten ; Taxation ; Germany
    Abstract: Under Action 14, jurisdictions have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses jurisdictions against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the stage 1 peer review of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard by Germany.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264285804-en
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Germany: Country Health Profile 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing | Brussels : European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264283398
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (16 p.)
    Series Statement: State of Health in the EU
    Keywords: 2010-2015 ; Gesundheit ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Gesundheitsrisiko ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift
    Abstract: This report looks at the state of health in Germany.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264283398-en
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Deutschland: Länderprofil Gesundheit 2017 (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264285200
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Gesundheitsberichterstattung
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264285200-de
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Germany 2017 (Second Round) : Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264280205
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Series Statement: Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes: Germany 2017 (second round)
    Keywords: Steuer ; Finanzverwaltung ; Internationale Zusammenarbeit ; Deutschland ; Taxation ; Germany
    Abstract: This report contains the 2017 Peer Review Report on the Exchange of Information on Request of Germany.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264280205-en
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  • 16
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dare to Share: Germany's Experience Promoting Equal Partnership in Families (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264259157
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (240 p.) , 21 x 28cm.
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Dare to Share – Deutschlands Weg zur Partnerschaftlichkeit in Familie und Beruf
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Dare to share
    Keywords: Gleichstellungspolitik ; Familienpolitik ; Deutschland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Gleichberechtigung ; Familienpolitik ; Einkommen ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Elternzeit ; Work-Life-Balance
    Abstract: This review introduces the background to and issues at stake in promoting equal partnerships in families in Germany. It encourages German policy makers to build on the important reforms since the mid-2000s to enable both fathers and mothers to have careers and children, and urges families to “dare to share”. To those ends it places Germany’s experience in an international comparison, and draws from the experience in, for example, France and the Nordic countries which have longstanding policies to support work-life balance and strengthen gender equality. The review starts with an overview chapter also explaining why and how equal sharing pays for families, children, the economy and society as a whole. The book presents current outcomes, policy trends, as well as detailed analysis of the drivers of paid and unpaid work and how more equal partnerships in families may help sustain fertility rates. The book examines policies to promote partnership, looking both at persistent shortcomings and progress achieved through reform since the mid-2000s. The book includes a set of policy recommendations designed to enable parents to share work and family responsibilities more equally.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264259157-en
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trading firms and trading costs in services : firm-level analysis (2017)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 79 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD trade policy papers no. 210
    Keywords: Dienstleistungshandel ; Wirtschaftsdaten ; Ausländische Tochtergesellschaft ; Regulierung ; Wettbewerb ; Produktivitätsentwicklung ; Handelsliberalisierung ; Belgien ; Finnland ; Deutschland ; Italien ; Japan ; Schweden ; Großbritannien ; USA ; Trade ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report presents evidence on how services trade restrictions influence the decisions and performance of firms engaged in international markets, drawing on micro-data from Belgium, Finland, Germany, Italy, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It first describes the patterns of services exports and affiliate sales at the firm level, uncovering a number of stylised facts about the firms engaged in international trade in services, their choices of modes of supply and the links between services trade and manufacturing activities. The report then relates these outcomes to services trade policy barriers in destination markets as measured by the OECD STRI. It demonstrates that complex and restrictive regulatory environments limit the volume of services that firms are able to trade as well as the number of firms that engage with those markets. Hence services trade restrictions reflect not only ad valorem trade costs, but also fixed and sunk costs. Such barriers do not affect all firms equally. Restrictive services trade regulations disproportionately discourage SMEs. Size, productivity and previous exporting experience appear to be decisive factors in dealing with at-the-border and behind-the-border trade barriers. Finally, the cost of regulatory compliance is lower for foreign-owned firms with headquarters located in the export destination country and for firms that trade bundles of services and manufacturing products, than it is for pure services exporters.
    DOI: 10.1787/b1c1a0e9-en
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  • 18
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    Biodiversity Offsets : Effective Design and Implementation (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264222519
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.) , 16 x 23cm.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Biodiversity offsets
    Keywords: Artenschutz ; USA ; Deutschland ; Mexiko ; Environment ; Finance and Investment ; USA ; Mexiko ; Deutschland ; Biodiversität
    Abstract: This report examines the key design and implementation features that need to be considered to ensure that biodiversity offset programmes are environmentally effective, economically efficient, and distributionally equitable. Biodiversity offsets are being increasingly used in a wide range of sectors as a mechanism to help compensate for the adverse effects caused by development projects in a variety of ecosystems. In this report, insights and lessons learned are drawn from more than 40 case studies from around the world, with an additional 3 in-depth country case studies from the United States, Germany and Mexico.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264222519-en
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  • 19
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    Does it pay to live in big(ger) cities? : the role of agglomeration benefits, local amenities, and costs of living (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD regional development working papers 2016, 09
    Keywords: Verbraucherpreisindex ; Arbeitsproduktivität ; Ballungsraum ; Stadtgröße ; Ruhrgebiet ; Deutschland ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Germany ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This study approaches the question whether it “pays” to live in big(ger) cities in a three-fold manner: first, it estimates how city size affects worker productivity (agglomeration benefits) in Germany, based on individual-level wage data. Second, it considers whether productivity benefits translate into real gains for workers by taking local price levels into account. Third, it examines the role of amenities in explaining differences in real benefits across cities. The estimated elasticity for agglomeration benefits is around 0.02, implying that comparable workers in Hamburg (3 million residents) are about 6% more productive than in Recklinghausen (150 000). But agglomeration benefits are, on average, offset by higher prices, i.e. city size does not systematically translate into real pecuniary benefits for workers. Amenities, e.g. seaside access, theatres, universities, or “disamenities”, e.g. air pollution, explain – to a large degree – variation in real pecuniary benefits, i.e. real wages are higher in low-amenity cities.
    DOI: 10.1787/e0490ba8-en
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  • 20
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    Raising well-being in Germany's ageing society (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1327
    Keywords: Alternde Bevölkerung ; Rentenreform ; Familie-Beruf ; Gesundheitsreform ; Deutschland ; Economics ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Population ageing is setting in earlier in Germany than in most other OECD economies and will be marked. It could lead to a substantial decline in employment, weighing on GDP per capita, and will raise demand for health-related public services. Germany has already implemented far-reaching reforms to mitigate the implications of ageing for per capita income, well-being and the sustainability of public finances. Nonetheless, continued efforts are needed to help older workers to improve their work-life balance and adjust their working hours to their ability and desire to work. Moreover, stressful working conditions and unhealthy lifestyles contribute to poor self-reported health and reduce the ability and willingness to work at higher age. There is scope to promote life-long learning. As the generosity of the public pension system will diminish, the contribution of private pensions to ensure pension adequacy needs to be strengthened.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/5jlr3ctrc8bn-en
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  • 21
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    Boosting investment performance in Germany (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
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    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD Economics Department working papers no. 1326
    Keywords: Investition ; Investitionspolitik ; Investitionsklima ; Wettbewerbspolitik ; Deutschland ; Economics ; Germany ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: Non-residential investment has fallen over the past 20 years as a share of GDP and is now lower than in several other high-income OECD countries. Business investment growth has been weak since the outbreak of the global financial and economic crisis. Government investment has been low, especially at municipal level. Investment in knowledge-based capital (KBC), which is closely related to long-term productivity performance, has been subdued. Weak growth prospects in the Euro Area have weighed on business investment and an increasing share of firms invests in distant, more dynamic markets. Policies that strengthen stability and growth prospects in the Euro Area would raise the attractiveness of Germany as a location to invest, notably steps to strengthen the single market and cross-border infrastructure, and complete the banking union. Steps to liberalise regulation of services, in particular knowledge-intensive professional services, would raise investment and productivity. Policies that encourage the reallocation of resources would also increase investment in KBC. Poor municipalities invest relatively little and there is scope to lower the cost of public investment projects. Better use of e-governance and more performance-oriented budgeting could improve the efficiency and effectiveness of public investment.
    Note: Zusammenfassung in französischer Sprache
    DOI: 10.1787/5jlr3cv53241-en
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  • 22
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    Education governance in action : lessons from case studies (2016)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264262829 , 9789264262652
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (194 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Educational research and innovation
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Burns, Tracey Education governance in action
    Keywords: Bildungspolitik ; Flandern ; Deutschland ; Norwegen ; Polen ; Schweden ; Niederlande ; Education ; Bildungspolitik ; Flandern ; Deutschland ; Norwegen ; Polen ; Schweden
    Abstract: Governing multi-level education systems requires governance models that balance responsiveness to local diversity with the ability to ensure national objectives. This delicate equilibrium is difficult to achieve given the complexity of many education systems. Countries are therefore increasingly looking for examples of good practice and models of effective modern governance that they can adapt to their own needs. Education Governance in Action: Lessons from Case Studies bridges theory and practice by connecting major themes in education governance to real-life reform efforts in a variety of countries. It builds upon in-depth case studies of education reform efforts in Flanders (Belgium), Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland and Sweden. The case studies are complemented by country examples of efforts to restore and sustain trust in their education systems. Together they provide a rich illustration of modern governance challenges - and successes. The volume highlights the importance of the interdependence between knowledge and governance and focuses on essential components for modern education governance: accountability, capacity building and strategic thinking. It sets the agenda for thinking about the flexible and adaptive systems necessary for governing education in today's complex world. This publication will be of interest to policy makers, education leaders, teachers, the education research community and all those interested in education governance and complexity.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264262829-en
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  • 23
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    OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews: Germany 2015 (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264246133
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. DAC-Prüfbericht über die Entwicklungszusammenarbeit; Deutschland 2015
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD development co-operation peer reviews
    Keywords: Entwicklungshilfe ; Deutschland ; Development ; Germany ; Deutschland ; OECD ; Entwicklungshilfe
    Abstract: The OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts periodic reviews of the individual development co-operation efforts of DAC members. The policies and programmes of each member are critically examined approximately once every five years. DAC peer reviews assess the performance of a given member, not just that of its development co-operation agency, and examine both policy and implementation. They take an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities of the member under review.
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264246133-en
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  • 24
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    Talent Abroad: A Review of German Emigrants (2015)
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Details
    ISBN: 9789264231702
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (145 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Talente im Ausland; Ein Bericht über deutsche Auswanderer
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Talent abroad
    DDC: 304.843
    Keywords: Brain Drain ; Hochqualifizierte Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Deutschland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Braindrain ; Abwanderung
    Abstract: More than three million individuals who were born in Germany lived in another OECD country in 2010/11. To assess the potential that this group represents for the German labour market, this review establishes the distribution of German emigrants over OECD countries, as well as their age, sex, and educational attainment. Shifts in the German diaspora towards European destination countries and higher educational attainment are documented. The largest German diaspora still resides in the United States, but the diaspora in Switzerland and Spain has grown particularly quickly. International students from Germany have even come to represent the largest group of international students from any OECD country. While German emigrants experience less favourable labour market outcomes than their peers in Germany, the emigrants work disproportionately often in high-skill occupations. Survey evidence suggests that many Germans in Germany consider emigration and that many German emigrants are open to return. Those who have returned in recent years, however, appear to have a lower educational attainment than those leaving.  
    DOI: 10.1787/9789264231702-en
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