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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (27)
  • 2000-2004  (27)
  • 1960-1964
  • 2000  (27)
  • Governance
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264187986
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (332 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Renforcer l'éthique dans le service public ; Les mesures des pays de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Confianza en el Gobierno ; Medidas para fortalecer el marco ético en los países de la OCDE
    DDC: 172.2
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Governance ; OECD ; Öffentlicher Dienst ; Ethik ; OECD ; Politische Ethik
    Abstract: Public service is a public trust. Citizens expect public servants to serve the public interest with fairness and to manage public resources properly on a daily basis. Fair and reliable public services inspire public trust and create a favourable environment for businesses, thus contributing to well-functioning markets and economic growth. Public ethics are a prerequisite to public trust and a keystone of good governance. At a time when there is a growing consensus among governments on what should constitute the essential elements of an effective and comprehensive ethics strategy, this book constitutes a unique source of comparative information on ethics management measures in OECD countries. It is designed to facilitate mutual learning and to support the development of modern ethics strategies in both OECD and non-member countries, by providing, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of ethics measures in all 29 OECD countries, including overall trends and promising practices.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264287570
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Greener Public Purchasing; Issues and Practical Solutions
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Umweltorientierte öffentliche Beschaffung; Probleme und praktische Lösungen
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Greener Public Purchasing: Issues and Practical Solutions
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Umweltorientierte öffentliche Beschaffung: Probleme und praktische Lösungen
    Keywords: Environment ; Governance ; Umweltverträgliches Produkt ; Öffentliche Beschaffung
    Abstract: La consommation de produits et services des administrations représente, selon les estimations, entre 9 et 25 % du PIB dans les pays de l’OCDE. Compte tenu de l’importance des marchés publics, les autorités nationales et locales s’intéressent de plus en plus aux possibilités d’améliorer la qualité de l’environnement en optant pour des produits plus écologiques. Cet ouvrage décrit les expériences réussies, ainsi que les efforts déployés et les difficultés rencontrées par les pays de l'OCDE dans ce domaine en mettant l'accent sur le rôle et les préoccupations des autorités responsables des achats publics. Il montre par ailleurs comment le « verdissement » des marchés publics peut contribuer à la réalisation d’autres objectifs primordiaux tels que la réduction des coûts de fonctionnement des administrations, l’amélioration de la gestion publique et la réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: Greener public purchasing : issues and practical solutions
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264287785
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (316 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. No Longer Business as Usual; Fighting Bribery and Corruption
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Las reglas del juego cambiaron ; La lucha contra el soborno y la corrupción
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. No Longer Business as Usual: Fighting Bribery and Corruption
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Las reglas del juego cambiaron : La lucha contra el soborno y la corrupción
    Keywords: Governance ; Taxation ; Wirtschaftskriminalität ; Korruption
    Abstract: Pourquoi l’OCDE ainsi que d’autres membres de la communauté internationale se sont-ils mobilisés pour combattre la corruption ? La réponse est simple : la corruption ne respecte pas les frontières, ne fait pas de distinctions économiques et gangrène toutes les formes de gouvernement. À long terme, aucun pays ne peut se permettre de supporter les coûts sociaux, politiques ou économiques qu’induit la corruption. Il n’y a pas si longtemps, corrompre des agents publics dans des pays étrangers pour obtenir des marchés constituait une pratique commerciale, sinon acceptable, du moins tolérée dans de nombreux pays de l’OCDE. Aujourd’hui, le dossier de la corruption fait partie des principales préoccupations des pouvoirs publics à l’échelle mondiale car ses répercussions dramatiques sur le développement économique et ses effets corrosifs sur la stabilité politique et les institutions démocratiques sont devenus de plus en plus évidents.En ce nouveau millénaire, l’OCDE et les gouvernements de ses pays Membres, qui représentent plus de 75 % des échanges et de l’investissement dans le monde vont se soumettre à des règles du jeu plus strictes. La Convention sur la lutte contre la corruption d’agents publics étrangers dans les transactions commerciales internationales va bannir la pratique consistant à corrompre des agents publics étrangers, ce qui contribuera à l’équité et à l’ouverture de la concurrence internationale. La corruption dans les transactions commerciales ne représente qu’une partie du problème. Tout un arsenal d’instruments juridiques destinés à combattre la corruption a désormais été mis au point afin d’améliorer les normes éthiques dans le secteur public, de mettre fin à la déductibilité fiscale des pots-de-vin, de faire reculer le blanchiment de capitaux et d’assainir les pratiques en matière de passation de marchés publics. Quant au secteur privé et à la société civile, ils continueront de jouer un rôle déterminant dans le combat pour faire passer ces nouvelles règles dans la réalité. Cet ouvrage apporte les éléments indispensables pour construire et préserver des institutions, des systèmes et des entreprises privées libérés de la corruption.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264287983
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (360 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trust in Government; Ethics Measures in OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Confianza en el Gobierno ; Medidas para fortalecer el marco ético en los países de la OCDE
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trust in Government: Ethics Measures in OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Confianza en el Gobierno : Medidas para fortalecer el marco ético en los países de la OCDE
    Keywords: Governance ; Öffentlicher Dienst ; Ethik ; Verwaltung ; Berufsethik
    Abstract: Il est impératif que les services publics inspirent confiance à la population. Les citoyens attendent des agents de la fonction publique qu’ils veillent à l’intérêt public en toute équité et qu’ils gèrent correctement les ressources de l’État au quotidien. S’ils sont équitables et fiables, les services publics inspirent confiance à la population et créent un climat propice aux activités des entreprises, contribuant ainsi au bon fonctionnement des marchés et à la croissance économique. Le respect de l’éthique est une condition préalable implicite pour que l’opinion publique accorde sa confiance à l’administration. Il est aussi un élément capital de la bonne gouvernance. En cette période de consensus croissant entre les pouvoirs publics sur la définition des éléments indispensables d’une stratégie effective et globale de l’éthique, le présent rapport de l’OCDE contient une somme d’informations sur les dispositions en matière de gestion de l’éthique résultant de comparaisons entre les pays de l’OCDE, et dont il n’existe actuellement aucun équivalent. Cet ouvrage est destiné à favoriser l’apprentissage mutuel et à aider les décideurs à élaborer des stratégies modernes en matière d’éthique, tant dans les pays Membres que dans les pays non membres de l’Organisation. Il présente - pour la première fois - un panorama complet des dispositions concernant l’éthique adoptées par les 29 pays membres de l’Organisation, et comprend notamment les tendances générales et les pratiques particulièrement intéressantes.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264181434
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (232 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le service public de l'emploi aux Etats-Unis
    DDC: 331.12/8/0973
    RVK:
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; United States ; USA ; Arbeitsverwaltung
    Abstract: Over the last decade, labour market policy in the United States has been undergoing a period of significant restructuring. In the face of welfare reform initiatives, persistent unemployment and declines in real income among some groups (particularly the less skilled), and continued economic expansion, there is pressure on the public employment service (PES) to improve effectiveness. But, it must also come to terms with resource limitations. How have reforms fared so far -- what seems to be working well or not so well? Which of the new approaches may require revision in the event of an economic downturn? Where might adjustments lead to improved effectiveness? While considering such questions, this publication provides an in-depth look at the PES and recent policy initiatives in the United States. Areas of concern about recent reforms are outlined and options for making policies more effective are presented.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264281462
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (344 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform; Regulatory Reform in Mexico 1999
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Regulatory Reform in Mexico 1999
    Keywords: Governance ; Mexico
    Abstract: Au cours des 15 dernières années, la réforme de la réglementation a été un des piliers de la transformation de l'économie du Mexique. Autrefois centrée sur elle-même et fortement réglementée, l'économie mexicaine est désormais relativement ouverte et fondée sur le marché. Les réformes réglementaires ont été plus rapides, plus larges et plus profondes que dans la plupart des pays de l’OCDE et ont déjà eu des effets bénéfiques importants, notamment en dotant le pays d'une flexibilité économique accrue qui lui a permis de sortir plus rapidement des crises économiques. Cependant, les bénéfices des réformes ont été ralentis par les crises macroéconomiques des années 90. Redoubler d'attention est donc aujourd'hui nécessaire pour parachever la mise en œuvre de réformes qui encouragent la concurrence et l'entrée sur les marchés, tout en renforçant la capacité de l'État mexicain à mettre en œuvre ses politiques à travers des instruments réglementaires transparents et de grande qualité. Une politique de stabilité menée plusieurs années durant à l'appui d'une croissance tirée par le marché pourrait avoir des retombées positives considérables et durables pour les entreprises et les consommateurs mexicains. Le Mexique est l'un des premiers pays à avoir demandé à l'OCDE de procéder à un examen général de ses pratiques réglementaires et des réformes de la réglementation menées à l'échelon national. Cet ouvrage est le fruit de l'évaluation approfondie menée par l'OCDE et d'un examen par ses pays Membres. Il présente une évaluation sans équivalent de la réforme de la réglementation dans des domaines aussi essentiels que le contexte macro-économique, la qualité du secteur public, la politique de la concurrence et sa mise en œuvre, ainsi que l'intégration des principes d'ouverture du marché dans les processus réglementaires et dans des secteurs tels que les télécommunications. Les politiques recommandées offrent un plan d'action équilibré à court et à plus long terme fondé sur les meilleures pratiques réglementaires à l'échelon international. Pour en savoir plus A lire dans la même collection : La réforme de la réglementation aux États-Unis, La réforme de la réglementation au Japon et La réforme de la réglementation aux Pays-Bas. L'analyse de fond dont découlent ces premiers examens par pays est présentée dans le Rapport de l'OCDE sur la réforme de la réglementation : Synthèse et dans les deux volumes du Rapport de l'OCDE sur la réforme de la réglementation : Études sectorielles et Études thématiques, publiés en 1997.
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  • 7
    ISBN: 9789264181908
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (368 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; La réforme de la réglementation en Hongrie 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : La réforme de la réglementation en Hongrie 2000
    Keywords: Governance ; Hungary
    Abstract: OECD's 2000 review of regulatory reform in Hungary. It finds that after ten years of determined reform, Hungary has constructed the legal and policy frameworks consistent with market democracy, and is nearing completion of an historic economic transition. This challenging process required extensive regulation and institution building, as well as massive deregulation, and has generated significant economic benefits. Today, convergence with the EU and achievement of OECD best practices still represent daunting tasks. But in most areas, Hungary faces challenges much like those of other OECD countries in establishing the quality regulatory regimes needed to support good government and sustainable economic growth. Hungary’s main objectives now are to bring market performance into line with its peers through strengthening competition and improving regulatory governance and social protections. Further reforms will bring important gains in creating jobs, improving sectoral and regional performance, and reducing the costs of public policies.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9789264189386
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (344 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; La réforme de la réglementation au Danemark 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : La réforme de la réglementation au Danemark 2000
    Keywords: Governance ; Denmark
    Abstract: OECD's 2000 review of regulatory reform in Denmark. It finds that Denmark’s large welfare state and its open market economy have successfully delivered relatively high standards of living. Danish regulatory reform has proceeded with many pragmatic steps that have contributed to solid economic performance, management of economic and social adjustment to changing conditions, and improved efficiency of government services. However, sheltered sectors, including service industries, still suffer from co-operation and price fixing, contributing to high consumer prices. The competition regime is weaker than in many other countries, and so are regulatory regimes in areas such as energy. Further supply-side and market reforms can help sustain good economic performance, while wider use of competition in public services can improve the level and quality of services. Denmark is among several OECD countries to request a broad review by the OECD of its national regulatory practices and domestic regulatory reforms. This Review presents an integrated assessment of regulatory reform in framework areas such as the quality of the public sector, competition policy and enforcement, and market openness. It also contains chapters on sectors such as electricity and telecommunications, and an assessment of the macroeconomic context for reform. The policy recommendations present a balanced plan of action for both short and longer-term based on best international regulatory practices.
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  • 9
    ISBN: 9789264081109
    Language: Multiple languages
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehrs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: The Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce are designed to help ensure that consumers are no less protected when shopping on line than they are when they buy from their local store or order from a catalogue. By setting out the core characteristics of effective consumer protection for online business-to-consumer transactions, the Guidelines are intended to help eliminate some of the uncertainties that both consumers and businesses encounter when buying and selling on line. The Guidelines reflect existing legal protections available to consumers in more traditional forms of commerce. Their aim is to encourage: - fair business, advertising and marketing practices; - clear information about an online business’s identity, the goods or services it offers and the terms and conditions of any transaction; - a transparent process for the confirmation of transactions; - secure payment mechanisms; - fair, timely and affordable dispute resolution and redress; - privacy protection; and - consumer and business education.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 32 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.30
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Public procurement review procedures are intended to guarantee effective remedies for complaints in public procurement. This paper guides central and eastern European countries that are seeking to join the European Union on how to identify the public procurement review procedures best suited to each country’s specificities. These countries are adapting their existing public procurement legislation to the European Council “Remedies Directives”. The annex contains summaries of complaint review systems in eleven western and eastern European countries. The purpose is to provide possible institutional reform models for central and eastern European countries.
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  • 11
    Language: English
    Pages: 18 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.29
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: Central and eastern European countries conduct public procurement on a highly decentralised basis, at the level of individual spending ministries, local authorities or other public bodies covered by the procurement law. However, in some cases, there may be advantages in mixing this approach with elements of centralisation, as is the case in many EU Member States. This paper reviews the experience of selected EU countries. The establishment in many central and eastern European countries of public procurement offices that are not responsible for actual purchasing but set national policy, organise training, draft legislation, etc., represents a great change from the earlier central monopoly purchasing systems. The purchasing function itself has been decentralised to hundreds or sometimes thousands of procuring entities. Many countries in the region see the new procurement model as part of the process of democratisation and do not want to replicate earlier institutions and mistakes. They are trying to move rapidly from one system to another. This paper sheds light on the various issues to be considered in deciding how procurement systems in these countries might evolve in the future. The target audience is primarily public procurement offices in Central and Eastern Europe, but the paper could also prove useful to other transition and developing countries that are in the process of modernising their procurement laws and systems.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264180437
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Governance ; Baltikum ; Wettbewerbspolitik
    Abstract: Since regaining independence in the early 1990s, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania have developed effective competition policies, as part of a process toward achieving functioning market economies. All three countries have competition laws and competition agencies which enforce them. All three are entering a critical second phase in competition law enforcement as each is undertaking the difficult steps aimed at their full economic integration into Europe. This is an appropriate time to review competition policy in the Baltic states and to develop future improvements. This publication presents the first comprehensive examination of competition law and policy in these three Baltic countries as well as the highlights of a conference held in Riga in May 1999.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264187573
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (112 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Marchés publics et environnement ; Problèmes et solutions pratiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Umweltorientierte öffentliche Beschaffung; Probleme und praktische Lösungen
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. Greener public purchasing
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    Keywords: Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Öko-Produkt ; Umweltzeichen ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Governance ; Umweltverträgliches Produkt ; Öffentliche Beschaffung
    Abstract: Government consumption of products and services in OECD Member countries is estimated to be responsible for 9 to 25% of GDP. Given the importance of public purchasing, national and local authorities have been paying increasing attention to the opportunities to improve the environment by selecting environmentally sounder products. This publication describes the successes, the efforts and the difficulties encountered within Member countries by focusing on the role and concerns of the officials that operate purchasing. Also, it shows how greener public purchasing can support a number of other crucial policy objectives such as the reduction of government operating costs, the improvement of governance, and the reduction of greenhouse gases.
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  • 14
    ISBN: 9789264181748
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (332 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; La réforme de la réglementation en Corée 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : La réforme de la réglementation en Corée 2000
    Keywords: Governance ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: OECD's 2000 review of regulatory reform in Korea. It finds that at the end of 1997, Korea suffered one of the worst economic crises ever experienced by an OECD country. An ambitious programme of regulatory, financial, and structural reforms, among the most far-reaching efforts at reform of regulation undertaken in OECD countries, was key to the strong economic recovery in 1999 and 2000. This programme not only stabilised the crisis, but also helped recreate the foundations for future sustainable growth. The Korean experience can be useful to other countries seeking to boost market-led growth. Reforms now are moving Korea from a highly interventionist and authoritarian model of economic development to a market oriented and open model based on values of consumer choice, democracy, and rule of law. Yet the job is far from finished. The web of government intervention has been only partly reformed, and many important issues are still to be tackled. Consistent progress on regulatory reform will be crucial to sustainable growth in Korea for several years to come. Korea is among several OECD countries to request a broad review by the OECD of its national regulatory practices and domestic regulatory reforms. This Review presents an integrated assessment of regulatory reform in framework areas such as the quality of the public sector, competition policy and enforcement, and market openness. It also contains chapters on sectors such as electricity and telecommunications, and an assessment of the macroeconomic context for reform. The policy recommendations present a balanced plan of action for both short and longer-term based on best international regulatory practices.
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  • 15
    Language: French
    Pages: 25 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Documents Sigma no.28
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. A Comparison on the EC Procurement Directives and the UNCITRAL Model Law
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: On trouvera ci-après un tableau comparatif des Directives de la Communauté européenne concernant la passation des marchés et de la Loi type de la CNUDCI sur le même sujet. La plupart des pays d'Europe centrale et orientale se sont fondés sur la Loi type pour élaborer, au début des années 90, leurs lois sur la passation des marchés publics. A présent que beaucoup de pays de cette région sont candidats à l'adhésion à l'Union européenne, il leur faut adapter leurs lois aux directives communautaires.1 Le tableau met en lumière les principales différences et similitudes existant entre les directives européennes et la Loi type à propos d'aspects essentiels. Il n'a pas pour objet d'offrir une comparaison exhaustive de toutes leurs dispositions. Pour une analyse plus détaillée et juridiquement plus précise de celles-ci, les personnes intéressées sont invitées à se reporter aux textes eux-mêmes ainsi qu'aux commentaires juridiques de la législation communautaire et de la Loi type de la CNUDCI.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789264182363
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation ; La réforme de la réglementation en Espagne 2000
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation : La réforme de la réglementation en Espagne 2000
    Keywords: Governance ; Spain
    Abstract: OECD's 2000 review of regulatory reform in Spain. It finds that Regulatory reform has been crucial to Spain’s high economic growth in recent years. Spain has implemented far-reaching trade and investment liberalisation, privatised almost all state-owned enterprises, liberalised state controls, engaged in sectoral re-regulation and institution-building, and strengthened competition policy. Spain has gained significant economic benefits from these measures: lower prices and interest rates, increased supply-side flexibility, wider consumer choice, and higher quality of services. With labour market reforms, regulatory reforms have contributed to large falls in unemployment. Yet Spain still faces problems attributable to supply side rigidities: high unemployment and low employment rates, high inflation, mostly due to the service sector, and lack of innovation. Continued improvement of Spain’s regulatory regimes, combined with vigilance by competition authorities, will further boost the competitiveness of the Spanish business sector and minimise domestic obstacles to growth and job creation, while improving regulatory effectiveness in meeting key social policies. Spain is among several OECD countries to request a broad review by the OECD of its national regulatory practices and domestic regulatory reforms. This review presents an integrated assessment of regulatory reform in framework areas such as the quality of the public sector, competition policy and enforcement, and market openness. It also contains chapters on sectors such as electricity and telecommunications, and an assessment of the macroeconomic context for reform. The policy recommendations present a balanced plan of action for both short and longer-term based on best international regulatory practices.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264181656
    Language: Spanish
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Revisiones de la OCDE sobre reforma regulatoria
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: La Reforma Regulatoria ha sido clave para la transformación de la economía mexicana en los últimos quince años. De una economía cerrada y sobreregulada, la economía mexicana es ahora en gran medida abierta y fundada en principios de mercado. El ritmo acelerado, el amplio alcance y la profundidad de las reformas regulatorias exceden a aquéllas de la mayoría de los países miembros de la OCDE. Estas reformas han ya producido importantes beneficios para México, y en particular han incrementado su flexibilidad económica permitiéndole recuperarse de las crisis económicas. No obstante, los beneficios de la reforma han sido mermados por la crisis macroeconómica de la década de los noventa. Es necesaria ahora una atención sostenida para completar e instrumentar reformas que establezcan las condiciones para una competencia y un acceso al mercado vigorosos, reforzando a la vez la capacidad del Estado mexicano para utilizar instrumentos regulatorios de gran calidad y transparencia para llevar a cabo las políticas públicas. Un período de varios años de estabilidad de las políticas que logre un crecimiento basado en principios de mercado puede producir beneficios amplios y duraderos para los consumidores y las empresas mexicanos. México fue uno de los primeros países de la OCDE en solicitar una revisión detallada por parte de la OCDE sobre sus prácticas y reformas regulatorias. Este reporte - resultado de una extensa evaluación por parte de la OCDE y de la revisión por parte de los países miembros - es único dado que presenta e integra una evaluación de la reforma regulatoria en áreas claves tales como el contexto macroeconómico, la calidad del sector público, la política de competencia y su aplicación, la integración de principios de apertura comercial en los procesos regulatorios y en sectores tal como el de las telecomunicaciones. Las recomendaciones de política presentan un programa de acción balanceado tanto para el corto como para el largo plazo, y están basadas en las mejores prácticas regulatorias internacionales. Este volumen 2 contiene los reportes temáticos que sirvieron de base para la realización del reporte sintético publicado como volumen 1. Consiste en cuatro reportes temáticos sobre (i) las capacidades del gobierno para asegurar una regulación de alta calidad, (ii) el papel de la política de competencia en la reforma regulatoria, (iii) la apertura comercial a través de la reforma regulatoria, y (iv) la reforma regulatoria en la industria de las telecomunicaciones.Lecturas adicionales En la misma serie: Reforma Regulatoria en los Estados Unidos, Reforma Regulatoria en Japón, Reforma Regulatoria en los Países Bajos. El análisis general de la política de reforma regulatoria, en el cual se basan los estudios de los países, se encuentra en el Reporte sobre La Reforma Regulatoria de la OCDE: Síntesis, así como en los dos volúmenes que comprende El Reporte de la OCDE en Reforma Regulatoria: Estudios Temáticos y Sectoriales; ambos publicados en 1997.
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9789264182110
    Language: German
    Pages: Online-Ressource (20 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD;N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD retningslinjer for forbrukervern ved elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Polish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendação do conselho relativa às linhas directrizes que regem A protecção dos consumidores no contexto do comércio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Slovak version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Swedish version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Retningslinier for forbrugerbeskyttelse i forbindelse med elektronisk handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recomendación del consejo de la ocde relativa a los lineamientos para la protección al consumidor en el contexto del comercio electrónico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Hungarian version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Linee Guida per la tutela dei consumatori nel contesto del Commercio Elettronico
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (japanese version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Guidelines for Consumer Protection in the Context of Electronic Commerce (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Richtlijnen ter bescherming van consumenten in het kader van de Elektronische handel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD:N Neuvoston suositus ohjeiksi kuluttajansuojasta sähköisessä kaupankäynnissä
    Keywords: Governance ; Science and Technology
    Abstract: Die Leitlinien für den Verbraucherschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem elektronischen Geschäftsverkehr zielen darauf ab, Verbrauchern bei Online-Käufen einen ebenso hohen Schutz zu gewährleisten wie bei Einkäufen in herkömmlichen Geschäften oder bei Bestellungen im Versandhandel. Die Leitlinien orientieren sich an den in traditionelleren Handelsformen bereits existierenden gesetzlichen Verbraucherschutzmaßnahmen. Sie sollen folgende Ziele fördern: – Faire Geschäfts-, Werbe- und Marketingpraktiken; – klare Informationen über die Identität von Online-Unternehmen, die angebotenen Waren oder Dienstleistungen sowie die Modalitäten und Bedingungen einer jeden Transaktion; – transparente Verfahren für die Bestätigung von Transaktionen; – sichere Zahlungsmechanismen; – faire, zügige und finanziell tragbare Streitbeilegungs- und Abhilfeverfahren; – den Schutz der Privatsphäre sowie – die Aufklärung von Verbrauchern und Unternehmen.
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  • 19
    Language: English
    Pages: 31 p. , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Sigma Papers no.28
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Comparaison entre les Directives de la Communauté européenne concernant la passation des marchés et la Loi type de la CNUDCI
    Keywords: Governance
    Abstract: This chart compares the EC Procurement Directives and the UNCITRAL Model Law on Procurement of Goods, Construction and Services. Most central and eastern European countries used the Model Law as the basis of their public procurement laws in the early 1990s. Now that many countries of the region are candidates for EU accession, they must adapt their laws to EC Directives. The aim of the chart is to assist in that process. The EC Procurement Directives were introduced into the European Union to further the EU’s policy of enabling enterprises from all EU states to compete fairly in public procurement markets. The most important objective of this policy is to prevent discrimination by procuring entities in favour of their own national enterprises. The EC Directives support this by, inter alia, requiring major contracts to be advertised, open to competition, and awarded through transparent procedures. These conditions make it difficult to disguise discrimination. The UNCITRAL Model Law on Procurement of Goods, Construction and Services sets out procedures for the award of public contracts. It is designed for the use of countries introducing procurement laws, or reforming their procurement systems, with the aims of achieving economy and efficiency in public procurement and reducing corruption. The Model Law also seeks to promote international competition in public procurement markets. States should in general seek these objectives by advertising and holding a competition for procurements, and awarding contracts through transparent procedures.
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  • 20
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (44 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Campos, F. Nauro Context Is Everything
    Keywords: Accountability ; Bureaucracy ; Bureaucratic Quality ; Civil Society ; Corruption and Anticorruption Law ; Data Collection ; Economic Development ; Economic Growth ; Good Governance ; Governance ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Growth Rates ; Indicators ; Institutional Change ; Institutional Framework ; Institutional Reform ; Institutions ; Market Economy ; National Governance ; Per Capita Income ; Property Rights ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Rule Of Law ; Transition Economies ; Accountability ; Bureaucracy ; Bureaucratic Quality ; Civil Society ; Corruption and Anticorruption Law ; Data Collection ; Economic Development ; Economic Growth ; Good Governance ; Governance ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Growth Rates ; Indicators ; Institutional Change ; Institutional Framework ; Institutional Reform ; Institutions ; Market Economy ; National Governance ; Per Capita Income ; Property Rights ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Rule Of Law ; Transition Economies ; Accountability ; Bureaucracy ; Bureaucratic Quality ; Civil Society ; Corruption and Anticorruption Law ; Data Collection ; Economic Development ; Economic Growth ; Good Governance ; Governance ; Governance ; Governance Indicators ; Growth Rates ; Indicators ; Institutional Change ; Institutional Framework ; Institutional Reform ; Institutions ; Market Economy ; National Governance ; Per Capita Income ; Property Rights ; Public Sector Corruption and Anticorruption Measures ; Rule Of Law ; Transition Economies
    Abstract: January 2000 - What aspects of institution building most affect the transition to a market economy? In terms of effects on per capita income and school enrollment, the rule of law may be most important. In terms of life expectancy, the quality of the bureaucracy plays a more crucial role. Campos presents measures with which to map institution building during the transition from centrally planned to market economies. Data collection and indicators are measured in terms of five institutional dimensions of governance: · Accountability of the executive · Quality of the bureaucracy · Rule of law · Character of policymaking process · Strength of civil society. Campos highlights the differences over time and between Central and Eastern European countries and those of the former Soviet Union. In terms of effects on per capita income and school enrollment, Campos finds the rule of law to be the most important institutional dimension, both for the sample as a whole and for differences between the two regions. In terms of life expectancy, however, the quality of the bureaucracy plays the most crucial role. One important message Campos draws from the results is that institutions do change over time and are by no means as immutable as the literature has suggested. The range of feasible policy choices (for changing institutions) may be much wider than is often assumed. This paper is a product of Development Policy, Development Economics Senior Vice Presidency. The author may be contacted at nauro.camposcerge.cuni.cz
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Washington, D.C : The World Bank
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (40 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Torre, ladeAugusto Resolving Bank Failures in Argentina
    Keywords: Bank ; Bank Capitalization ; Bank Failure ; Bank Failure Resolution ; Bank Failures ; Banking ; Banking Associations ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bis ; Capital ; Criteria ; Debt Markets ; Deposit Insurance ; Deposits ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fiscal Year ; Going Concern Value ; Governance ; Legal Protection ; Liquidation ; Moral Hazard ; Value ; Bank ; Bank Capitalization ; Bank Failure ; Bank Failure Resolution ; Bank Failures ; Banking ; Banking Associations ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bis ; Capital ; Criteria ; Debt Markets ; Deposit Insurance ; Deposits ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fiscal Year ; Going Concern Value ; Governance ; Legal Protection ; Liquidation ; Moral Hazard ; Value ; Bank ; Bank Capitalization ; Bank Failure ; Bank Failure Resolution ; Bank Failures ; Banking ; Banking Associations ; Banks ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Bis ; Capital ; Criteria ; Debt Markets ; Deposit Insurance ; Deposits ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Fiscal Year ; Going Concern Value ; Governance ; Legal Protection ; Liquidation ; Moral Hazard ; Value
    Abstract: When the international financial community finally develops core principles and minimum standards for resolving bank failures, Argentina's experience should serve as an important reference in identifying best practices. - Policies and procedures to resolve bank failures have evolved significantly in Argentina since the introduction of currency convertibility in 1991 and particularly in reaction to the 1995 tequila crisis, which exposed the inadequacy of the bank exit framework in place then. De la Torre reviews the institutional changes introduced in Argentina in 1995 to handle bank failures more effectively, particularly the creation of the deposit guarantee scheme and the procedural framework for resolving bank failures, embedded in Article 35 of the Financial Institutions Law. This framework enables the Central Bank to carve out the assets and privileged liabilities of the failing bank and transfer them to sound banks, thereby sending only a residual balance sheet to judicial liquidation. Subsequent refinements in the application of Article 35 procedures eventually led to current Argentine practice. The author examines this practice in detail by considering the handling of the recent failure of Banco Almafuerte. The author assesses a number of issues that arise from the Argentine model of bank failure resolution, taking into account both country-specific circumstances and more general concepts and concerns. He emphasizes the potential tradeoffs between reducing contagion risk, limiting moral hazard, and avoiding unnecessary destruction of asset value; the implications of priority-of-claims rules and least-cost criteria; the pros and cons of alternative organizational and institutional arrangements; and the need for legal security. Finally, he outlines two prototypical approaches to striking a balance between rules and discretion, an issue underlying much of the ongoing policy discussion on alternative bank exit frameworks. This paper - a product of the Finance Cluster, Latin America and the Caribbean Region - is part of a larger effort in the region to document best practices in bank exit frameworks. The author may be contacted at adelatorreworldbank.org
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264281431
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Public Employment Service in the United States
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; United States ; USA ; Arbeitsverwaltung
    Abstract: Depuis le début des années 1990, la politique du marché du travail traverse une période de profonde restructuration aux États-Unis. On demande au service public de l'emploi (SPE) d'être plus efficace tout en faisant face à des ressources limitées, dans un contexte de réforme de la protection sociale, de chômage persistant, de recul du revenu réel dans certaines couches de la population (notamment chez les moins qualifiés) et d'expansion économique durable. Quel bilan tirer des réformes menées jusqu'ici -- lesquelles semblent réussir et lesquelles marchent moins bien ? Parmi ces nouvelles approches lesquelles faudrait-il revoir en cas de ralentissement économique ? Dans quels domaines les ajustements peuvent-ils conduire à davantage d'efficacité ? Cet ouvrage répond à ces questions et offre une analyse approfondie du SPE des États-Unis et des initiatives récentes prises en la matière. Il expose les sujets de préoccupation soulevés par les réformes récentes ainsi que les options pour rendre les politiques plus efficaces.
    Note: Engl. Ausg. u.d.T.: The public employment service in the United States
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264187788
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (280 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Affairisme; la fin du système ; Comment combattre la corruption
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Las reglas del juego cambiaron ; La lucha contra el soborno y la corrupción
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. No longer business as usual
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    Keywords: Korruption ; Wirtschaftskriminalität ; Wirtschaftsethik ; Internationales Abkommen ; OECD-Staaten ; Welt ; Governance ; Taxation ; Korruption ; Wirtschaftskriminalität
    Abstract: Today, corruption has moved to the top of the global political agenda as its dramatic impact on economic development and its corrosive effect on political stability and democratic political institutions has become increasingly obvious. A whole arsenal of legal instruments to combat corruption has now been developed to improve ethical standards in the public sector, to end tax deductibility for bribes, to curtail money laundering, and to clean up public procurement practices. The private sector and civil society will continue to play a critical role in making these new rules a reality. This collection of papers provides the key elements needed to build and preserve corruption-free institutions, systems, and private enterprises.
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  • 24
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (1 online resource (28 p.))
    Edition: Online-Ausg. World Bank E-Library Archive
    Parallel Title: Desai, Raj The Vicious Circles of Control
    Keywords: Banks and Banking Reform ; Cash Flows ; Competitive Auctions ; Conversion ; Corporate Governance ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Governance ; Illiquidity ; Investment ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Investors ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market ; Microfinance ; Municipal Financial Management ; National Governance ; Outside Investors ; Private Sector Development ; Prof Property ; Property Rights ; Revenue ; Revenues ; Safety Nets ; Tax ; Tax Debt ; Urban Development ; Voucher Privatization ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Cash Flows ; Competitive Auctions ; Conversion ; Corporate Governance ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Governance ; Illiquidity ; Investment ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Investors ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market ; Microfinance ; Municipal Financial Management ; National Governance ; Outside Investors ; Private Sector Development ; Prof Property ; Property Rights ; Revenue ; Revenues ; Safety Nets ; Tax ; Tax Debt ; Urban Development ; Voucher Privatization ; Banks and Banking Reform ; Cash Flows ; Competitive Auctions ; Conversion ; Corporate Governance ; Debt Markets ; Economic Theory and Research ; Emerging Markets ; Equity ; Finance ; Finance and Financial Sector Development ; Financial Literacy ; Governance ; Illiquidity ; Investment ; Investment and Investment Climate ; Investors ; Macroeconomics and Economic Growth ; Market ; Microfinance ; Municipal Financial Management ; National Governance ; Outside Investors ; Private Sector Development ; Prof Property ; Property Rights ; Revenue ; Revenues ; Safety Nets ; Tax ; Tax Debt ; Urban Development ; Voucher Privatization
    Abstract: In Russia and other transition economies that have implemented voucher privatization programs, how can one account for the puzzling behavior of insider-managers who, in stripping assets from the very firms they own, appear to be stealing from one pocket to fill the other? - How can one account for the puzzling behavior of insider-managers who, in stripping assets from the very firms they own, appear to be stealing from one pocket to fill the other? Desai and Goldberg suggest that such asset-stripping and failure to restructure are the consequences of interactions between insiders (manager-owners) and regional governments in a particular property rights regime. In this regime, the ability to realize value is limited by uncertainty and illiquidity, so managers have little incentive to increase value. As the central institutions that rule Russia have ceded their powers to the regions, regional governments have imposed various distortions on enterprises to protect local employment. Prospective outsider-investors doubt they can acquire the control rights they need for restructuring firms and doubt they can avoid the distortions regional governments impose on the firms in which they might invest. The result: little restructuring and little new investment. And regional governments, knowing the firms' taxable cash flows will have been reduced through cash flow diversion, have responded by collecting revenues in kind. To disentangle these vicious circles of control, Desai and Goldberg propose a pilot for transforming ownership in insider-dominated firms through a system of simultaneous tax-debt-for-equity conversion and resale through competitive auctions. The objective: to show regional governments, by example, that a more sustainable way to protect employment is to give managers incentives to increase enterprises' value by transferring effective control to investors. The proposed mechanism would provide cash benefits to insiders who agree to sell control to outside investors. The increased cash revenue (rather than in-kind or money surrogates) would enable regional governments to finance safety nets for the unemployed and to promote other regional initiatives. This paper - a product of the Private and Financial Sectors Development Unit, Europe and Central Asia Region - is part of a larger effort in the region to address growth, governance, and poverty in the former Soviet Union. The authors may be contacted at desairgunet.georgetown.edu or igoldberg@worldbank.org
    URL: Volltext  (Deutschlandweit zugänglich)
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  • 25
    ISBN: 9789264273986
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (428 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform; Regulatory Reform in the United States 1999
    Keywords: Governance ; United States
    Abstract: Depuis un quart de siècle, les États-Unis jouent un rôle de pionnier dans le domaine de la réforme de la réglementation à l'échelle mondiale. Contrairement à l'opinion courante, les États-Unis ne sont pas moins réglementés que les autres pays mais ils sont réglementés différemment eu égard à l'orientation favorable à la concurrence des régimes réglementaires fédéraux, et à l'ouverture et à la contestabilité des processus de réglementation. Une déréglementation économique de grande envergure associée à des efforts pour améliorer la qualité de la réglementation sociale ont contribué à l'édification de l'une des économies les plus innovantes, les plus flexibles et les plus ouvertes de la zone OCDE, tout en maintenant des normes relativement élevées dans les domaines de la santé, de la sécurité et de l'environnement. Pourtant, d'importants problèmes liés à la réglementation persistent aux États-Unis. Un défi fondamental pour assurer sa qualité consiste à améliorer le rapport coût-efficacité et la performance de réglementations sociales et de formalités publiques coûteuses. En un mot, il s'agit moins de réglementer plus que de bien réglementer. Les États-Unis sont un des premiers pays à avoir demander à l'OCDE de procéder à un examen général de ses pratiques réglementaires et des réformes de la réglementation menées à l'échelon national. Cet ouvrage est le fruit de l'évaluation approfondie menée par l'OCDE et d'un examen par ses pays Membres. Il présente une évaluation sans équivalent de la réforme de la réglementation dans des domaines aussi essentiels que le contexte macro-économique, la qualité du secteur public, la politique de la concurrence et sa mise en oeuvre, ainsi que l'intégration des principes d'ouverture du marché dans les processus réglementaires et dans des secteurs tels que l'électricité et les télécommunications. Les politiques recommandées offrent un plan d'action équilibré à court et à plus long terme fondé sur les meilleures pratiques réglementaires à l'échelon international. Pour en savoir plus A lire dans la même collection : La réforme de la réglementation au Japon, La réforme de la réglementation aux Pays-Bas, La réforme de la réglementation au Mexique. L'analyse de fond dont découlent ces premiers examens par pays est présentée dans le Rapport de l'OCDE sur la réforme de la réglementation : Rapport de synthèse et dans les deux volumes du Rapport de l'OCDE sur la réforme de la réglementation : Études sectorielles et Études thématiques, publiés en 1997.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264274037
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Etudes de politique fiscale de l'OCDE no.1
    Series Statement: Études de politique fiscale de l'OCDE no.1
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxing Powers of State and Local Government
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.:
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Taxing Powers of State and Local Government
    Keywords: Governance ; Taxation ; Steuersystem ; Steuerpolitik ; Steuerhoheit ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: Dans de nombreux pays de l'OCDE, les questions relatives au fédéralisme budgétaire occupent le devant de la scène dans le débat politique. Mais il serait souhaitable que les discussions sur l'action à mener dans ce domaine s'appuient sur des chiffres de dépenses et de taxes comparables au niveau international. La publication annuelle Statistiques des recettes publiques de l'OCDE présente les recettes fiscales par sous-secteur de l'administration publique. Cependant, elle n'indique pas le degré de contrôle que les États fédérés et les collectivités locales exercent sur leurs recettes fiscales. En l'absence d'autres sources de données analogues comparables au niveau international, l'OCDE a élaboré un cadre pour évaluer et analyser le degré de contrôle que les administrations infranationales exercent sur leurs impôts. Les résultats présentés dans cet ouvrage mettent en lumière la grande diversité des formes d'autonomie fiscale au niveau des administrations infranationales. Cette publication contient une description des relations fiscales dans la plupart des dix-neuf pays intéressés et offre une série de tableaux détaillés pour chaque pays,avec une ventilation des recettes selon : 1) le niveau d'administration infranational ; 2) la classification des impôts établie par l'OCDE ; et 3) la catégorie d'autonomie fiscale, suivant le cadre élaboré par le Groupe de travail sur l'analyse des politiques et les statistiques fiscales.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264180581
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (216 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 338.9
    RVK:
    Keywords: Governance ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Electronic books ; Privatisierung ; Wettbewerb ; Regulierung
    Abstract: Over the past decade, privatisation has increasingly taken place in the public utility sector. Technological advances and policy shifts have diminished the perception that public utilities are natural monopolies requiring state ownership. However, the privatisation of such state-owned monopolies raises important regulatory issues. In particular, there should be an adequate regulatory framework to promote competition and, especially if rigorous market competition is lacking, to protect the interests of consumers. Therefore, privatisation needs to be pursued in tandem with competition-enhancing policy and the design of an adequate post-privatisation regulatory framework. This volume brings together a number of papers discussing the interrelationship among privatisation, competition and regulation. The papers make reference to the experience of different countries with privatisation in a wide range of infrastructure sectors.
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