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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (145)
  • English  (105)
  • French  (40)
  • 2010-2014  (145)
  • OECD  (142)
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development  (15)
  • OECD International Transport Forum  (5)
  • Social Issues/Migration/Health  (136)
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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 12
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The increase in the human life span is a testament to the economic, social and medical progress made over the course of the last century. However, an ageing population brings some new challenges both to healthcare systems and to medicine in terms of the increased manifestation of specific diseases primarily seen in the elderly. Biomedical innovation, and in particular research into “omics technologies”, offers the promise of new means of detection, prevention and treatment of age-related disabilities and diseases. But the development of these new technologies will not be without challenges, in particular with respect to the difficulty of translating technological advances into innovation in the clinical setting. This report provides a synthesis of a March 2013 workshop organised by the OECD and the Human Genome Organisation (HGO) which focused on latest advances in omics technologies for healthy ageing and the policies and practices needed to facilitate their responsible development and integration in medical research, innovation and health policy.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 2
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (40 S.) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: OECD digital economy papers 233
    Keywords: Alterskrankheit ; Medizin ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: More than 35 million people worldwide had dementia in 2010, when annual costs were estimated at USD 604 billion; the number of people with dementia is expected to exceed 115 million by 2050. Alzheimer’s disease is today considered the prototype problem for the Grand Global Challenge in healthcare. Despite decades of intensive research, the causal chain of mechanisms behind Alzheimer’s has remained elusive as reflected in recent failures of well-designed clinical trials on promising investigational new drugs. The multi-factorial nature of the disease requires the collection, storage and processing of increasingly large and very heterogeneous datasets (behavioural, genetic, environmental, epigenetic, clinical data, brain imaging, etc.). No one nation has all the assets to pursue this type of research independently. In an effort to tackle this huge challenge, the OECD held a consultation on "Unlocking Global Collaboration to Accelerate Innovation for Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia" which looked at ways to harness developments in life sciences and information technologies to accelerate innovation in the prevention and treatment of the disease. This paper reports on the opportunities offered by the informatics revolution and big data. Creating and using big data to change the future of Alzheimer’s and dementia requires careful planning and multi-stakeholder collaboration. Numerous technical, administrative, regulatory, infrastructure and financial obstacles emerge and will need to be hurdled to make this vision a reality.
    Note: Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264202054
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Türkei ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Turkey ; Türkei ; Gesundheitswesen
    Abstract: Turkey underwent a very ambitious reform programme in 2003, the so-called "Health Transformation Programme". Access to healthcare in Turkey has greatly increased with the attainment of Universal Health Coverage, as also demonstrated by improvement in health outcomes, most notably around maternal and child health and infectious diseases. However, despite these significant achievements, Turkey has a significant way to travel to deliver high-quality health services to its population. Governance of the health system is highly centralised and typified by directive control from the Ministry of Health, and information collected in different part of the system is not always fully exploited. The OECD Review of Health Care Quality in Turkey recommends a number of changes to address these shortcomings. The key recommendations are that: i) Turkey needs to develop robust systems to standardise and monitor the quality of care, encourage continuous professional development and incorporate patient views; ii) some loosening of the governance structure would be welcome, to allow regions greater flexibility to assess and respond to local health needs and to continue to provide health workers with incentives for improve quality; iii) data on health sector activity and outcomes need to be made more available and more usable for individual patients and clinicians, while greater effort is needed to increase the robustness of Turkey’s information systems at national level and harmonise performance measures to OECD and other international comparators.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264208469
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Norwegen ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway ; Norwegen ; Medizinische Versorgung
    Abstract: This book presents a comprehensive review of health care quality in Norway. It finds that Norway has an impressive and comprehensive health system, which is the result of sustained commitment to providing health care for the whole Norwegian population, investment in the health system, and readiness to make changes to drive improvements. On most indicators Norway’s health system appears to be performing well, although there is some room for improvement. There have been a number of significant health care reforms in Norway over the last decade, most recently the Coordination Reform, which took effect in January 2012. Broadly this is a positive story, but challenges do lie ahead for Norway. Norway is putting in place measures to respond to these challenges, notably with the 2012 Coordination Reform, but still has some way to go before the fruits of such labour are truly felt across the health system. Norway’s ambitious reform agenda must now be balanced by structured efforts ‘on the ground’. Attention should now turn to putting in place appropriate data infrastructures, promoting meaningful engagement between key stakeholders, and by balancing a generous health budget that allows for important investments in developing new structures and services with attention to getting the most out of existing services.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264222823
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Ce rapport établit un état des lieux de la mise en œuvre des mesures pour l'emploi des seniors suite au rapport de 2003 "Vieillissement et politiques de l’emploi : Suisse" et identifie les champs prioritaires d’actions à mener ou à poursuivre. La Suisse se situe dans le peloton de tête des pays de l’OCDE pour ce qui concerne le taux d’emploi des personnes âgées. Pourtant, elle est parmi les champions uniquement pour les hommes de moins de 60 ans et pour les diplômés de l’enseignement supérieur tandis qu’il suffit d’avoir 60-64 ans, d’être une femme ou de ne pas avoir de diplôme de l’enseignement supérieur pour ne plus être parmi les meilleurs. Davantage pourrait donc être fait pour donner à tous les travailleurs de meilleurs choix et incitations pour continuer à travailler. Une stratégie d’ensemble est nécessaire pour qu’une meilleure gestion des âges soit menée dans les entreprises, le rôle des autorités publiques étant d’encourager les partenaires sociaux à investir plus dans les travailleurs âgés. Trois axes doivent être privilégiés : i) renforcer les incitations pour travailler plus longtemps ; ii) lever les obstacles au recrutement et au maintien dans l’emploi destravailleurs âgés ; et iii) améliorer l’employabilité des travailleurs.
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264205192
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Series Statement: Santé mentale et emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mental Health and Work; Switzerland
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Psychische Gesundheit und Beschäftigung; Schweiz
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, la gestion des problèmes de santé mentale dans la population d’âge actif devient un enjeu essentiel pour les politiques sociales et du marché du travail. Les gouvernements de ces pays sont de plus en plus nombreux à reconnaître que les pouvoirs publics ont un rôle important à jouer pour maintenir au travail les personnes souffrant de troubles mentaux ou pour faciliter la réintégration de celles qui sont sorties du marché de l’emploi, ainsi que pour prévenir l’apparition de ce type de troubles. Ce rapport relatif à la Suisse est le cinquième d’une série de travaux analysant l’approche adoptée par différents pays de l’OCDE face aux défis plus larges, décrits dans la publication Mal-être au travail ? Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l’emploi (OCDE, 2012), auxquels sont confrontés les pouvoirs publics en matière d’éducation, de santé, de politique sociale et d’emploi.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264215658
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    DDC: 325
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Neuseeland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; New Zealand
    Abstract: New Zealand is among the OECD countries that have been settled by migration. Currently more than a quarter of the New Zealand workforce is foreign-born. Despite being a settlement country, most labour migration is temporary and permanent migration mainly draws from the pool of temporary labour migrants. Current temporary labour migration is equivalent to 3.6% of the workforce, by far the largest figure in the OECD. An elaborate system of labour-market tests and exemptions aims to limit negative impact on the domestic workforce while at the same time responding to employer needs. A large part of temporary flows is into low-skilled jobs with little steering possibilities, and some vigilance is needed. For permanent migration, which is also among the highest in per capita terms among OECD countries, New Zealand operates with target numbers. The country faces difficulties in meeting thes targets, whose value-added in a largely demand-driven system - favoring immigrants with a job offer - is questionable.
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264208605
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Tschechien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Czech Republic ; Tschechien ; Medizinische Versorgung
    Abstract: This book presents a comprehensive review of health care quality in the Czech Republic. It finds that over the past 20 years, the Czech Republic witnessed the unprecedented gains in quality of health care and life expectancy and successfully transferred its Semaschko system into the modern accessible health care system with private-public mix of providers. Nevertheless the health care system in the Czech Republic still has some way to go to achieve the outcomes of the best performing OECD members. While some of the gap might be caused by the one of the lowest levels of health care expenditures among OECD countries (7.2% GDP in 2011) there are possibilities to improve the outcomes without incurring much of the additional costs. The Czech authorities should reach a consensus on the development of quality of care and data infrastructure and aim for sustainable long-term initiatives undisturbed by the political cycles in both of these areas. While the adverse events reporting and voluntary accreditation are the good steps towards the accountability of the providers, the government should do more in this area, undertake the effort to broaden the accreditation process and include outpatient care and link public health authorities to the quality agenda of inpatient care. In the area of data infrastructure more data should be gathered, the process of data gathering should be streamlined and administrative burden for the providers lowered primarily via the merging the data-collecting agencies. Finally, without the active participation of health insurance funds and proper reimbursement mechanisms in place the quality agenda will not be perceived as the priority.
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264224964
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Un Panorama de las Pensiones en America Latina y el Caribe
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Um Panorama dos Sistemas Previdenciários na América Latina e no Caribe
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Pensions at a glance
    Keywords: Altersvorsorge ; Lateinamerika ; Karibischer Raum ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Bericht ; Lateinamerika ; Karibik ; Pensionskasse ; Altersversorgung ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: This comprehensive examination of pension systems in Latin America and the Caribbean looks at recent trends in retirement and working at older ages, evolving life expectancy, design of pension systems, and pension entitlements before providing a series of country profiles. The special chapter analyses the coverage and adequacy of Latin American pension systems.
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264213586
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (76 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The 2012 labour market reform in Spain
    Keywords: 2012 ; Arbeitsmarktreform ; Wirkungsanalyse ; Spanien ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Spain
    Abstract: This report provides an initial evaluation of the comprehensive reform of the Spanish labour market undertaken in 2012. It describes the key components of the 2012 reform and places them in the context of the evolution of labour market institutions in other OECD member countries, with a particular focus on collective bargaining and employment protection legislation. The report also assesses the impact of the reform on the ability of firms to adjust wages and working time to cope with demand shocks, as well as the flows in the labour market for different types of contracts and the overall duality of the Spanish labour market. It also considers what complementary reforms would be required to improve the effectiveness of the labour market reform, in particular in the area of active labour market policies.
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Social and Welfare Statistics
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Indicateur du vivre mieux (Édition 2014)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: There is more to life than the cold numbers of GDP and economic statistics. This dataset contains 2014 data of the Better Life Index which allows you to compare well-being across countries, based on 11 topics the OECD has identified as essential, in the areas of material living conditions and quality of life.
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Statistiques de l'OCDE sur les prestations et questions sociales
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Better Life Index (Edition 2014)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Votre vie ne se résume pas aux froids chiffres du PIB et autres statistiques économiques. Cette base de données contient des données 2014 de l'indicateur du vivre mieux qui compare les pays en fonction de l’importance que vous accordez aux différents critères du bien-être.
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  • 13
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264196155
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Social cohesion policy review of Viet Nam
    Keywords: Soziale Lage ; Soziale Sicherheit ; Sozialpolitik ; Vietnam ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Viet Nam
    Abstract: This report examines the effects of recent economic growth in Viet Nam on social cohesion. It finds that recent rapid economic growth in Viet Nam has not resulted in an increase in overall inequality, but the level of inequality was already high. Growth was not particularly inclusive, benefiting most the middle class and the richest households, and favouring less households in the bottom 20th percentile. Income mobility was also high, and while a majority of households experienced upward income mobility, downward absolute income mobility affected one in five households. Economic growth was not particularly job rich with employment growth lagging behind economic expansion. In particular, important challenges were identified in the area of education and skills policies relating to fast-changing labour market needs. Minimum wage policies had a small but positive effect on employment, but concerns were highlighted over partial coverage and weak compliance. Tax policy and specifically personal income tax had only a small impact on reducing inequality, but transfers from central to local governments produced an equalising effect, albeit with mixed results in terms of satisfaction with public services. Finally, social protection systems have been extended, but important coverage gaps remain among the poor and ethnic minority groups, and informality remains a key challenge for universal extension.
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Buckingham : Open University Press - McGraw-Hil
    ISBN: 9789264224568
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (312 p.)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The detailed analysis of these 10 case studies together with the rest of the analytical text highlight the realities of P4P programs and their potential impact on the performance of health systems in a diversity of settings. This book provides critical insights into the experience to date with P4P and how this tool may be better leveraged to improve health system performance and accountability.
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  • 15
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264206847
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Ageing and Employment Policies; France 2014; Working Better with Age
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France
    Abstract: L’espérance de vie n’a jamais été aussi élevée qu’aujourd’hui tandis que la fécondité est en diminution dans la majorité des pays de l’OCDE. Pour faire face à ces tendances démographiques, il faut adapter les dépenses publiques de protection sociale et assurer leur viabilité à long terme, en particulier en favorisant l’emploi des seniors. Avec le recul de l’âge légal de la retraite, les seniors vont travailler plus longtemps et les entreprises devront les garder en emploi. Mais parmi les seniors, ceux qui perdent leur emploi risquent de rester longtemps au chômage car leurs chances d’en retrouver un sont faibles. Comment les pays peuvent-ils réagir face à cette réalité ? Comment donner aux seniors de meilleurs choix et incitations au travail ? Comment promouvoir la diversité des âges dans les entreprises ? Cette série de rapports s’attache à analyser et évaluer quelles sont les meilleures politiques à mener pour favoriser l'employabilité, la mobilité professionnelle et la demande de travail à un âge plus élevé.
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9789264216594
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (416 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Geographic variations in health care
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Räumliche Verteilung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Primäre Gesundheitsversorgung ; Räumliche Verteilung
    Abstract: Variations in health care use within a country are complicated. In some cases they may reflect differences in health needs, in patient preferences or in the diffusion of a therapeutic innovation; in others they may not. There is evidence that some of the observed variations are unwarranted, signalling under- or over-provision of health services, or both. This study documents geographic variations for high-cost and high-volume procedures in select OECD countries. It finds that there are wide variations not only across countries, but within them as well. A mix of patient preferences and physician practice styles likely play an important part in this, but what part of the observed variations reflects over-provision, or whether there are unmet needs, remain largely unexplained. This report helps policy makers better understand the issues and challenges around geographic variations in health care provision and considers the policy options.
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9789264217027
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (424 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Matching Economic Migration with Labour Market Needs
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cette publication présente de nouvelles illustrations de l’influence des migrations internationales en Europe et dans quelques autres pays de l’OCDE sur la population active ; sur les niveaux d’éducation ; et sur l’évolution de la distribution des professions au cours de la dernière décennie. Elle analyse les compétences dont disposent les migrants et la façon dont elles sont utilisées sur la base d’une revue approfondie de la littérature ; et présente de nouvelles analyses des données européennes et américaines , canadiennes et de l’OCDE en général en se basant sur les données de l’Évaluation des compétences des adultes – PIAAC. Enfin, plusieurs chapitres discutent du rôle que les migrations internationales pourraient jouer pour répondre aux besoins de main-d’oeuvre présents et futurs en Europe, aux États-Unis et dans l’Union européenne. Ces travaux montrent que si les migrations peuvent contribuer de façon importante à l’accroissement de la population active, leur capacité à contrer les effets du vieillissement de la population dépendront de la capacité des pays à mettre en adéquation les besoins en main-d’oeuvre avec les caractéristiques des migrants. Dans ce domaine, des efforts doivent être réalisés pour mieux utiliser les compétences des migrants et adapter les systèmes de gestion des migrations de travail aux besoins des employeurs.
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264226050
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184 p.)
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Österreich ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria ; Österreich ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Migration
    Abstract: Austria has low levels of labour migration from non-EU/EFTA countries. At the same time, intra-EU free mobility has grown significantly and since 2011, overall migration for employment is above the OECD average. It recently reformed its labour migration system, making it more ready to accept labour migrants where they are needed, especially in medium-skilled occupations in which there were limited admission possibilities previously. This publication analyses the reform and the Austrian labour migration management system in international comparison.
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  • 19
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264208445
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Hewlett, Emily Making mental health count
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Medizinische Behandlung ; Soziale Kosten ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Forschungsbericht ; OECD ; Psychische Störung ; Untersuchung ; Soziale Kosten
    Abstract: Despite the enormous burden that mental ill-health imposes on individuals, their families, society, health systems and the economy, mental health care remains a neglected area of health policy in too many countries. Mental disorders represent a considerable disease burden, and have a significant impact on the lives of the OECD population, and account for considerable direct and indirect costs. This report argues that even in those OECD countries with a long history of deinstitutionalisation, there is still a long way to go to make community-based mental health care that achieves good outcomes for people with severe mental illness a reality. The disproportionate focus on severe mental illness has meant that mild-to-moderate mental illnesses, which makes up the largest burden of disease, have remained overwhelmingly neglected. This book addresses the high cost of mental illness, weaknesses and innovative developments in the organisation of care, changes and future directions for the mental health workforce, the need to develop better indicators for mental health care and quality, and tools for better governance of the mental health system. The high burden of mental ill health and the accompanying costs in terms of reduced quality of life, loss of productivity, and premature mortality, mean that making mental health count for all OECD countries is a priority.
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264214712
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (166 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Lavoro per gli immigrati; L'integrazione nel mercato del lavoro in Italia
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jobs for immigrants ; Vol. 4: Labour market integration in Italy
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migranten ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Soziale Integration ; Italien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Italy ; Bericht ; Italien ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Soziale Integration
    Abstract: Until the mid-1990s, the share of migrants in Italy was relatively low in international comparison. With a persistent demand for foreign workers in low-skilled and low-paid jobs, the proximity of conflict areas and the enlargement of the European Union to Romania and Bulgaria in 2007, migration to Italy increased rapidly over the last 15 years. This report presents an overview of the skills and qualifications of immigrants in Italy, their key labour market outcomes in international comparison, and their evolution over time, given the highly segmented Italian labour market and its high share of informal jobs. It analyses the framework for integration and the main integration policy instruments. Special attention is paid to funding issues and to the distribution of competences between national and sub-national actors. Finally, this report reviews the integration at school and the school-to-work transition of the children of immigrants
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264204997
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Großbritannien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United Kingdom ; Großbritannien ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on the United Kingdom is the sixth in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries.
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264208155
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Niederlande ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands ; Niederlande ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik
    Abstract: Given the ageing challenges, there is an increasing pressure in OECD countries to further boost the employability of the working-age population over the coming decades. This report provides an overview of policy iniatives implemented over the past decade in the Netherlands and identifies areas where more should be done, covering both supply-side and demand-side aspects. To give better incentives to carry on working, the report recommends to promote longer contribution periods in the second-pillar pension schemes, and ensure better information and transparency of pension schemes, with a special focus on groups with low financial literacy. On the side of employers, it is important to progress towards more age-neutral hiring decisions and wage-setting procedures with more focus on performance and less on tenure and seniority. To improve the employability of older workers, the focus should be to promote training measures for older unemployed which are directly linked to a specific job. The large diversity in municipal "Work-First"programmes should be utilised in designing mor effective activation policies targetted on those at risk of losing contact with the labour market.
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264220522
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Cost of Air Pollution; Health Impacts of Road Transport
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation ; Transport
    Abstract: La pollution de l’air extérieur tue plus de trois millions de personnes dans le monde chaque année, et elle est à l’origine de problèmes de santé, allant de l’asthme aux maladies cardiovasculaires chez un plus grand nombre de personnes encore. Pour les pays de l’OCDE ainsi que pour la Chine et l’Inde, le coût de ces impacts est estimé à 3 500 milliards USD par an en termes de mortalité et de morbidité, et la tendance est à la hausse. En se basant sur les nouvelles données épidémiologiques depuis l’étude de l’OMS sur la charge mondiale de morbidité en 2010, ainsi que sur les estimations de l’OCDE sur la valeur d’une vie statistique, ce rapport démontre que les impacts sanitaires de la pollution de l’air sont approximativement quatre fois plus élevés, et leurs coûts économiques considérablement plus importants, que les évaluations précédentes.
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  • 24
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264216501
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (384 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gérer les migrations économiques pour mieux répondre aux besoins du marché du travail
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Matching economic migration with labour market needs
    Keywords: Regionale Arbeitsmobilität ; Arbeitsmigranten ; Arbeitsnachfrage ; Matching ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Forschungsbericht ; OECD ; Europäische Union ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer
    Abstract: This publication gathers the papers presented at the “OECD-EU dialogue on mobility and international migration: matching economic migration with labour market needs” (Brussels, 24-25 February 2014), a conference jointly organised by the European Commission and the OECD. It provides new evidence on the role that international migration has played in Europe and in selected other OECD countries over the past decade in terms of labour force; educational attainment; and occupational changes. It analyses the availability and use of migrants’ skills based on an in-depth literature review as well as new data analyses for Europe and the United States, Canada and the OECD as a whole, taking advantage of the International Survey of Adult Skills – PIAAC. Finally, several chapters discuss the potential role of international migration in meeting current and future labour market needs in Europe, in the United States and in the European Union. This work shows that although migration can make an important contribution to labour force growth, its role in counterbalancing the effects of population ageing will depend on the capacity of countries to match labour needs to migrants’ characteristics.
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264208834
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Pension Systems
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of pensions systems
    Keywords: Gesetzliche Rentenversicherung ; Rentenreform ; Altersvorsorge ; Irland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Ireland
    Abstract: This report provides an international perspective on Ireland’s retirement income provision for a focused review on the viability and long-term impact of proposed changes in pension policy, taking into account the impact of the economic downturn. It covers all components of the pension system: state, private personal and occupational plans and schemes for public-sector employees.
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264223301
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Niederlande ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Netherlands ; Niederlande ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on the Netherlands is the seventh in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries.
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264204973
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (168 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Santé mentale et emploi ; Suisse
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Psychische Gesundheit und Beschäftigung; Schweiz
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Schweiz ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland ; Schweiz ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Switzerland is the fifth in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that the Swiss system is well resourced to address the challenges in various policy fields; that due the involvemnet of a large number of stakeholders much needed policy coordination across different sectors is a difficult task; and that a stronger mental health focus is required in Switzerland's health, social and labour market policies.
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264208988
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: Investing in Youth
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Investing in youth
    Keywords: Jugendpolitik ; Bildungsinvestition ; Bildungspolitik ; Junge Arbeitskräfte ; Brasilien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Brazil
    Abstract: This report provides a detailed diagnosis of the youth labour market and education system in Brazil. It takes an international comparative perspective, offering policy options to help improve school-to-work transitions. It also provides an opportunity for other countries to learn from the innovative measures that Brazil has taken to strengthen the skills of youth and their employment outcomes.
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  • 29
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264210448 , 9789264218338
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Le coût de la pollution de l'air ; Impacts sanitaires du transport routier
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als The cost of air pollution
    Keywords: Luftverschmutzung ; Straßenverkehr ; Nachhaltige Mobilität ; Krankheit ; Soziale Kosten ; OECD-Staaten ; Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Taxation ; Transport ; OECD ; Luftverschmutzung ; Straßenverkehr ; Kosten
    Abstract: Outdoor air pollution kills more than 3 million people across the world every year, and causes health problems from asthma to heart disease for many more. This is costing societies very large amounts in terms of the value of lives lost and ill health. Based on extensive new epidemiological evidence since the 2010 Global Burden of Disease study, and OECD estimates of the Value of Statistical Life, this report provides evidence on the health impacts from air pollution and the related economic costs.
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264226135
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Norwegen ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway ; Norwegen ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Migration
    Abstract: Norway is characterised by very high levels of migration from within the European Economic Area (EEA) and growing but small scale labour migration from countries outside the EEA. In this context, the challenge for managing discretionary labour migration is to ensure it complements EEA flows. High-skilled workers who come to Norway often leave, even if their employer would like to keep them. Norway has many international students, but most appear to leave at graduation or in the years that follow. The spouses of skilled migrants – usually educated and talented themselves – face challenges in finding employment, and this may cause the whole family to leave. Key industries in smaller population centres wonder how they will source talent in the future. This review examines these aspects of the Norwegian labour migration system. It considers the efficiency of procedures and whether the system is capable of meeting demand. It looks at several policy measures that were implemented and withdrawn, and assesses how these and other mechanisms could be better applied. The characteristics and behaviour of past labour migrants is examined to suggest means of encouraging promising immigrants to remain, and how Norway might attract the specific labour migrants from which it can most benefit in the future.
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264207523
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Vieillissement et politiques de l'emploi ; France 2014 ; Mieux travailler avec l'âge
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Frankreich ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; France ; Frankreich ; Älterer Arbeitnehmer ; Beschäftigungspolitik
    Abstract: People today are living longer than ever before, while birth rates are dropping in the majority of OECD countries. In such demographics, public social expenditures require to be adequate and sustainable in the long term. Older workers play a crucial role in the labour market. Now that legal retirement ages are rising, older workers will work longer and employers will have to retain them. But those older workers who have lost their job have experienced long term-unemployment and low probabilities to return to work. What can countries do to help? How can they give older people better work incentives and opportunities? How can they promote age diversity in firms? This report offers analysis and assessment on what the best policies are for fostering employability, job mobility and labour demand at an older age in France.
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  • 32
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 6
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: The economic and social impact of chronic brain disorders (CBD) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases will become the number one public-health problem worldwide, directly affecting 100 million people by 2050. On-going demographic trends, namely ageing populations worldwide, are leading to the unprecedented expansion of consumer demand for healthcare services. Healthcare systems worldwide soon will confront a serious crisis as a result of significant growth of the healthcare market, in a climate of shrinking resources.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 33
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 11
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report examines examples of new and emerging governance models that aim to support the responsible development of diagnostics and treatments based on the latest advances in biomedicine. In particular, it presents programmes and initiatives that aim to manage uncertainty in the development and approval of new medical products and thereby to improve the understanding of the risk/benefit balance. It also identifies some of the main challenges for policy makers, regulators and other communities involved in the translation of biomedical innovation and health technologies from the laboratory bench to point of care.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 34
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: OECD science, technology and industry policy papers no. 8
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Amtsdruckschrift ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur
    Abstract: This report presents the findings of a research project to investigate the drivers and criteria shaping the application of genomic biotechnology to health in different national settings, and the barriers to implementation nationally and internationally. A case study approach was adopted for the project. The findings are based on the active participation in the survey of seven self-selected countries, including both OECD member and non-member countries (Finland, Israel, Luxembourg, Mexico, the United Kingdom, China and South Africa). The report outlines a number of potentially important patterns that are seen to emerge when the country case studies are set alongside one another and viewed in transnational perspective. The data, albeit based on limited evidence from a small sample of countries, suggest a significant divergence in the way that different countries are tending to adopt genomics for public health, which may have important implications for thinking about how genomic science and technology might best be employed in the interests of global public health.
    URL: Volltext  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264178984
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (124 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Norwegen ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway ; Norwegen ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Norway is the fourth in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that Norway faces a unique situation whereby a generous welfare system stimulates large-scale labour market exclusion and significant socio-economic inequalities of people with a mental disorder, and hindering better outcomes of its employment and vocational rehabilitation programmes.
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264204799
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Qualitätsmanagement ; Schweden ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Gesundheitsfürsorge ; Qualität ; Qualitätssicherung
    Abstract: This report reviews the quality of health care in Sweden. It begins by providing an overview of the range of policies and practices aimed at supporting quality of care in Sweden (Chapter 1). It then focuses on three key areas particularly relevant to elderly populations: strengthening primary care in Sweden (Chapter 2), better assurance for quality in long-term care (Chapter 3), and improving care after hip fracture and stroke (Chapter 4). In examining these areas, this report highlights best practices and provides recommendations to improve the quality of care in Sweden.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264187566
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Santé mentale et emploi ; Belgique
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Belgien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium ; Belgien ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Belgium is the first in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that Belgium can build on a system with a number of structural strengths that are not yet exploited to the best possible extent.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264188631
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Mental health and work
    Keywords: Psychische Krankheit ; Erwerbstätigkeit ; Dänemark ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; Berufstätigkeit ; Psychische Störung
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Denmark is the third in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that the Danish system has a number of strengths that have yet to be used in a more effective way, but also that quite a few changes are needed in order to raise the labour market particiption of people with mental ill-health.
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264187597
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (136 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Santé mentale et emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mental Health and Work; Belgium
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium
    Abstract: Dans les pays de l’OCDE, la gestion des problèmes de santé mentale dans la population d’âge actif devient un enjeu essentiel pour les politiques sociales et du marché du travail. Les gouvernements de ces pays sont de plus en plus nombreux à reconnaître que les pouvoirs publics ont un rôle important à jouer pour maintenir au travail les personnes souffrant de troubles mentaux ou pour faciliter la réintégration de celles qui sont sorties du marché de l’emploi, ainsi que pour prévenir l’apparition de ce type de troubles. Ce rapport relatif à la Belgique est le premier d’une série de travaux analysant l’approche adoptée par différents pays de l’OCDE face aux défis plus larges, décrits dans la publication Mal-être au travail ? Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l’emploi (OCDE, 2012), auxquels sont confrontés les pouvoirs publics en matière d’éducation, de santé, de politique sociale et d’emploi. Sa conclusion est que la Belgique dispose déjà d’un système comportant de nombreux atouts structurels, qui ne sont cependant pas encore exploités de manière optimale.
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789264197305
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudio sobre la contratación pública del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado en México
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Public procurement review of the State's Employees' Social Security and Social Services Institute in Mexico
    Keywords: Sindicato Nacional de Trabajadores del I.S.S.S.T.E ; Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Mexiko ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Mexico
    Abstract: How can citizens’ health and well-being be improved when public resources are limited? What practices allow hospitals and health clinics to get state of art medical equipment and medicine at the right price? The OECD Procurement Review of the Mexican State’s Employees’ Social Security and Social Services Institute (ISSSTE) looks at the public entity responsible for providing medical and social services to Mexican civil servants. It provides a comprehensive assessment of its procurement function and how to improve it in order to enhance the overall efficiency and transparency of the organisation and the quality of the services it provides. The review builds on the OECD Principles for Enhancing Integrity in Public Procurement, good practices of other health organisations as well as comparative data on public procurement in OECD countries.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264188945
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Strengthening Social Cohesion in Korea; (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strengthening social cohesion in Korea
    Keywords: Soziale Lage ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Einkommensverteilung ; Sozialpolitik ; Arbeitsmarktsegmentation ; Südkorea ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of ; Südkorea ; Sozialpolitik
    Abstract: Korea is confronting a serious challenges. It has to improve income equality in the context of a severe demographic transition. Such a transition, from one of the youngest populations in the OECD at present to the second oldest by 2050, may boost the need for public spending and slow economic growth. In this context and as the pace of population ageing is accelerating, it is important to act quickly in a wide range of areas: -Policies to sustain Korea’s growth potential in the face of falling labour inputs; -Measures that improve both growth and equality; -Carefully-targeted increases in social spending to reduce inequality and poverty; -Financing higher social spending, with priority given to a reform of tax and social security that minimises the negative impact on output growth. Against the background of these broad challenges, which are discussed in a specific, setting-the-ground, Chapter, the report suggests policy options, based on the practices and reforms of other countries, in the following four areas: I) Income Distribution and Poverty; II) Tackling the Duality of the Labour Market; III) Early Childcare; and IV) Moving beyond Hospitals to better Care in the Community.
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Statistiques de l'OCDE sur les prestations et questions sociales
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Better Life Index (Edition 2013)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Votre vie ne se résume pas aux froids chiffres du PIB et autres statistiques économiques. Cette base de données contient des données 2013 de l'indicateur du vivre mieux qui compare les pays en fonction de l’importance que vous accordez aux différents critères du bien-être.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Social and Welfare Statistics
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Indicateur du vivre mieux (Édition 2013)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: There is more to life than the cold numbers of GDP and economic statistics. This dataset contains 2013 data of the Better Life Index which allows you to compare well-being across countries, based on 11 topics the OECD has identified as essential, in the areas of material living conditions and quality of life.
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  • 44
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Statistiques de l'OCDE sur les pensions
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Pensions at a Glance (Edition 2013)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The Pensions at a Glance 2013 is covering all 34 OECD countries and G20 countries, and is designed to show future entitlements for workers who entered the labour market in 2012 and spend their entire working lives under the same set of rules.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264191655
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (290 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD guidelines on measuring subjective well-being
    RVK:
    Keywords: Zufriedenheit ; Sozialer Indikator ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Glück ; Zufriedenheit ; Ratgeber ; OECD
    Abstract: Being able to measure people’s quality of life is fundamental when assessing the progress of societies. There is now widespread acknowledgement that measuring subjective well-being is an essential part of measuring quality of life alongside other social and economic dimensions. As a first step to improving the measures of quality of life, the OECD has produced Guidelines which provide advice on the collection and use of measures of subjective well-being. These Guidelines have been produced as part of the OECD Better Life Initiative, a pioneering project launched in 2011, with the objective to measure society’s progress across eleven domains of well-being, ranging from jobs, health and housing, through to civic engagement and the environment. These Guidelines represent the first attempt to provide international recommendations on collecting, publishing, and analysing subjective well-being data. They provide guidance on collecting information on people's evaluations and experiences of life, as well as on collecting “eudaimonic” measures of psychological well-being. The Guidelines also outline why measures of subjective well-being are relevant for monitoring and policy making, and why national statistical agencies have a critical role to play in enhancing the usefulness of existing measures. They identify the best approaches for measuring, in a reliable and consistent way, the various dimensions of subjective well-being, and provide guidance for reporting on such measures. The Guidelines also include a number of prototype survey modules on subjective well-being that national and international agencies can use in their surveys.
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Pensions Statistics
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Panorama des pensions (Édition 2013)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: The Pensions at a Glance 2013 is covering all 34 OECD countries and G20 countries, and is designed to show future entitlements for workers who entered the labour market in 2012 and spend their entire working lives under the same set of rules.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264181052
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (156 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Cancer care
    Keywords: Krebskrankheit ; Gesundheitsvorsorge ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Krebs ; Medizinische Versorgung ; Qualitätssicherung
    Abstract: More than five million new cases of cancer are diagnosed every year in OECD countries. Mortality rates are declining, but not as fast as for other big killers such as heart disease, and cancer survival rates show almost a four-fold difference across countries. In short, many countries are not doing as well as they could in the fight against cancer. Cancer Care: Assuring Quality to Improve Survival surveys the policy trends in cancer care over recent years and looks at survival rates to identify the why some countries are doing better than others. It sets out what governments should do to reduce the burden of cancer in their countries. As well as an adequate level of resourcing, a comprehensive national cancer control plan appears critical, emphasising initiatives such as early detection and fast-track treatment pathways. Countries also need better data, particularly for patients’ experiences of care, in order to provide high quality, continuously improving cancer care.
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  • 48
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264194878
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (280 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD guidelines for micro statistics on household wealth
    Keywords: Haushaltseinkommen ; Privater Haushalt ; Konsum ; Lebensstandard ; Vermögen ; Datenerhebung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Haushalt ; Einkommen ; Lebensstandard ; Datenerhebung
    Abstract: This publication presents an internationally agreed set of guidelines for producing micro statistics on household wealth, It addresses the common conceptual, definitional and practical problems that countries face in producing such statistics, and are meant to improve the comparability of the currently available country data. The Guidelines, prepared by an international expert group working under the auspices of the OECD, propose a set of standard concepts, definitions and classifications for micro wealth statistics, and cover different phases in the statistical production process, including sources and methods for measuring particular forms of wealth, best practice in using household surveys or other sources to compile wealth statistics, the development of analytic measures, the dissemination of data, and data quality assurance.
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  • 49
    ISBN: 9789264193505
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Strengthening health information infrastructure for health care quality governance
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Gesundheitswesen ; Medizinische Informatik ; Medizinische Versorgung
    Abstract: Health data constitutes a significant resource in most OECD countries that could be used to improve population health, the quality of health care and the performance of health systems. Rising levels of chronic diseases; concerns about the quality and safety of patient care; the need to assure value for investments in health care; and the need to allocate health resources wisely; are all too important to be left without good evidence for decision making. This book, based on studies of 19 countries on the development and use of personal health data and of 25 countries on development and use of electronic health record systems, includes results showing good practices, new opportunities and data privacy protection challenges. It finds that well-intended policies to allay concerns about breaches of confidentiality and potential misuse of personal health data may be limiting data use, but that the next five years appear promising, in terms of both the number of countries that plan to implement national electronic health record systems and the number that consider it likely that data from these systems will be used for some aspects of health care quality monitoring. They also appear promising for the further use of existing personal health databases and for the linkage of multiple data sources to generate new evidence.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD
    ISBN: 9789264204898
    Language: English
    Pages: 104 S.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD skills studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Time for the US to reskill?
    Keywords: Bildungsniveau ; Analphabetismus ; Erwachsenenbildung ; USA ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; United States ; Statistik ; USA ; Erwachsenenbildung ; Funktionaler Analphabetismus
    Abstract: The ‘basic skills’ of literacy and numeracy are among the most fundamental attributes of human beings and their civilization, lying at the root of our capacity to communicate and live and work together, to develop and share knowledge, science and culture. Their contribution to workforce skills have increasingly been recognized as critical to economic success, while evidence on gaps in adult basic skills and the link with economic and social outcomes has also been growing, both at national and international level (e.g. International Survey of Adult Skills of 1994-98 and Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey of 2003-2007). Most tellingly, there has been a belated realization that despite universal basic education in advanced countries, some adults have slipped through the net, leaving them with very weak literacy and numeracy. All of these factors underline the importance of the OECD’s new international Survey of Adult Skills. This report on skills in the US draws out the policy implications of the Survey for the US, while also making use of some additional data collected for the Survey on the US alone. The study does not directly evaluate relevant US policies and programs – such as schooling and adult education. Instead it identifies in the results of the Survey some key lessons about the strategic objectives and directions which should form a frame for policy development in the US, including policy on adult learning and schooling.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264189034
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.)
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Zuwanderung ausländischer Arbeitskräfte; Deutschland
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Zuwanderung ausländischer Arbeitskräfte: Deutschland
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Deutschland ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Germany ; Deutschland ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmobilität
    Abstract: Recent reforms have put Germany among the OECD countries with the fewest restrictions on labour migration for highly-skilled occupations, yet inflows continue to be relatively low. As labour migration is supposed to be one means to help meet future labour and skill shortages caused by a shrinking working-age population, this book addresses the question of how to ensure that international recruitment can help meet urgent needs in the labour market which cannot be met locally. The review examines key issues in the design of the German labour migration system, on the demand side and on the supply side. German employers can recruit from abroad for any job requiring university-level qualifications. Yet even employers declaring shortages have not done so, in part, due to their insistence on German-language skills and specific qualifications, and in part to a perception that international recruitment is complex and unreliable. While the process could be made more transparent, its negative reputation is unjustified. International students appear well positioned to meet employer concerns, but Germany could do more to promote this channel for labour migration. A large part of the demand is also expected in skilled occupations requiring non-tertiary vocational training, but here, channels remain more restrictive. To address anticipated shortages in these occupations, more should be done to recruit into the dual system, and Germany’s new recognition framework could contribute to open new channels.
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264194243
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Marine biotechnology
    Keywords: Meeresnutzung ; Biotechnologie ; Bioökonomik ; Environment ; Science and Technology ; Konferenzschrift ; Meeresnutzung ; Biotechnologie
    Abstract: This report considers the potential of marine biotechnology to contribute to economic and social prosperity by making use of recent advances in science and technology. It discusses scientific and technological tools at the centre of a renewed interest in marine biotechnology, contributing to a new bioeconomy sector in many countries, and offering potential new solutions to global challenges. It also examines how these advances are improving our understanding of marine life and facilitating access to, and study of, marine organisms and ecosystems, and it considers the largely untapped potential of these bioresources. This promise is considered alongside the challenges associated with the development of these resources which exist with complex ecosystems and fluidly distributed in a vast, largely shared environment. The report makes the case for a new global framework for the sustainable development of marine biotechnology and identifies some areas that will benefit from focused attention as governments develop policies to support it. In addition to this prospective view, this report identifies some early policy lessons learned by the governments which are leading attempts to benefit from bioresources.
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  • 53
    ISBN: 9789264200401
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (74 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Adema, Willem Review of recent developments and progress in labour market and social policy in Israel
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Sozialpolitik ; Israel ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Israel
    Abstract: This report presents the OECD's assessment of recent developments in Israel in the area of labour market and social policy. It focuses on recent trends in poverty and employment outcomes and policy development to improve employment opportunities, especially for the Arab and Haredi communities.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264201484
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (128 p.)
    Series Statement: Ageing and Employment Policies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Ageing and employment policies
    Keywords: Ältere Arbeitskräfte ; Arbeitsmarktpolitik ; Norwegen ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Norway
    Abstract: This report provides an overview of the substantial ageing and employment policy initiatives already implemented in Norway over the past decade and identifies areas where more should be done, covering both supply-side and demand-side aspects. To give better incentives to carry on working, the report recommends further reforms in the second-pillar pension schemes, particularly for public sector employees. On the side of employers, it is important to progress towards more age-neutral hiring decisions and to review of age limits for mandatory retirement. To improve the employability of older workers, the focus should be to promote job-related training with a particular focus on mid-career workers and to encourage initiatives based on a full-time culture and good working conditions for all.
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264194564
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (265 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als A good life in old age?
    RVK:
    Keywords: Häusliche Pflege ; Dienstleistungsqualität ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Altenpflege ; Medizinische Versorgung ; Langzeitbetreuung
    Abstract: As ageing societies are pushing a growing number of frail old people into needing care, delivering quality long-term care services – care that is safe, effective, and responsive to needs – has become a priority for governments. Yet much still remains to be done to enhance evidence-based measurement and improvement of quality of long-term care services across EU and OECD countries. This book offers evidence and examples of useful experiences to help policy makers, providers and experts measure and improve the quality of long-term care services.
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264191136
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (183 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: 2013 ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Dänemark ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Denmark ; Dänemark ; Medizinische Versorgung
    Abstract: This review of health care quality in Denmark examines policies related to quality and includes chapters covering primary and integrated care, hospital specialisation and equity. It finds that with a dense array of disease- and service-focused quality initiatives, and with information on the quality of care stored in separate data repositories, Denmark needs to create effective links and synergies between them to drive up quality in the healthcare system as a whole, rather than in disconnected elements. Primary care will be central in meeting Denmark’s future healthcare challenges of an ageing population with multiple chronic conditions. Therefore, an urgent need is to create a national vision of how a modernised primary care sector will fulfill this new coordination role. National standards, clinical guidelines, accreditation of clinical pathways and targeted financial incentive programmes could support this role, along with more transparent and formalised continual professional development. To facilitate quality improvement from the ambitious hospital rationalisation, Denmark should collect and disseminate data on the quality of individual physicians as well as the hospitals. Undergraduate training and medical research should be reviewed in light of the new service arrangements. Close surveillance will be needed to monitor whether certain patient groups forego healthcare because travel times to providers are too long. Limited data availability complicate Denmark’s ability to monitor its commitment to equitable healthcare. There is an urgent need for renewed action to tackle risk factors of chronic ill-health that disproportionately affect low-income groups. Better information on the impact of user-charges on unmet need in low-income groups is needed.
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264188730
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden
    Abstract: Tackling mental ill-health of the working-age population is becoming a key issue for labour market and social policies in OECD countries. OECD governments increasingly recognise that policy has a major role to play in keeping people with mental ill-health in employment or bringing those outside of the labour market back to it, and in preventing mental illness. This report on Sweden is the second in a series of reports looking at how the broader education, health, social and labour market policy challenges identified in Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work (OECD, 2012) are being tackled in a number of OECD countries. It concludes that Swedish policy makers recognise the need to take steps to tackle mental ill-health and its labour market implications, but that a more comprehensive reform effort and a long-term commitment to it is needed in order to prevent problems from arising in the first place and respond more effectively when they do occur.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264204928
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (144 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Coping with emigration in Baltic and East European countries
    Keywords: Auswanderung ; Baltische Staaten ; Polen ; Rumänien ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Baltic States ; Osteuropa ; Baltikum ; Auswanderung ; Geschichte 2000-2013
    Abstract: The Baltic countries have experienced sustained emigration over the past decade, contributing to population decline and a loss of working-age population. The impact of this emigration is felt strongly in the labour market, the general economy and in social developments. How can countries deal with the impact of high levels of emigration? How to attract back emigrants? How best to benefit from the financial, social and human capital developed abroad? The Baltic countries are not alone in addressing these challenges, and this volume brings together the recent experience of Poland and Romania, as well as a wide range of OECD countries, in developing new policies to cope with emigration.
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  • 59
    ISBN: 9789264194830
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (274 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD framework for statistics on the distribution of household income, consumption and wealth
    Keywords: Haushaltseinkommen ; Privater Haushalt ; Konsum ; Lebensstandard ; Vermögen ; Datenerhebung ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Haushalt ; Einkommen ; Lebensstandard ; Verbrauch ; Datenerhebung
    Abstract: This publication presents an internationally agreed framework to support the joint analysis of micro-level statistics on household income, consumption and wealth. Its aim is to extend the existing international frameworks for measuring household income and consumption at the micro level to include wealth, and describes income, consumption and wealth as three separate but interrelated dimensions of people’s economic well-being. The framework, prepared by an international expert group working under the auspices of the OECD, is intended to assist national statistical offices and other data producers to develop data sets at the household level that are suitable for integrated analysis, and for facilitating comparisons between countries. The Framework is widely applicable, with relevance to countries that are at different stages of statistical development, that have different statistical infrastructures, and that operate in different economic and social environments.
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  • 60
    ISBN: 9789264197480
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Estudio sobre la contratación pública del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social ; Aumentar la eficiencia e integridad para una mejor asistencia médica
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Public procurement review of the Mexican Institute of Social Security
    Keywords: Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social ; Öffentlicher Auftrag ; Gesundheitsversorgung ; Mexiko ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Mexico
    Abstract: Building on the 2008 OECD Principles for Enhancing Integrity in Public Procurement and good practices of similar organisations in other OECD countries, this review provides a comprehensive assessment of IMSS procurement strategies, systems and processes and proposes a roadmap for the reform of its procurement function.
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  • 61
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264202863
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (178 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. ICTs and the Health Sector; Towards Smarter Health and Wellness Models (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als ICTs and the health sector
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Informationstechnik ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Science and Technology ; Medizinische Informatik
    Abstract: The future sustainability of health systems will depend on how well governments are able to anticipate and respond to efficiency and quality of care challenges. Bold action is required, as well as willingness to test innovative care delivery approaches. The greatest promise for transformational change is in applications that encourage new, ubiquitous, participatory preventive and personalised smart models of care. A whole new world of possibilities in using mobiles and the Internet to address healthcare challenges has opened up. The potential of mobile devices, services and applications to support self-management, behavioural modification and "participatory healthcare" is greater than ever before. A key hurdle is, however, the big data challenge, dealing with the exponentially accelerating accumulation of patient data – all of which must be mined, stored securely and accurately, and converted to meaningful information at the point of care. In order to fully exploit the new smart approaches to care, acceptance, privacy and usability issues will also have to be carefully considered.
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264196490
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Public Governance Reviews
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Greece; Reform of Social Welfare Programmes (Greek version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Greece
    Keywords: Sozialpolitik ; Sozialreform ; Griechenland ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Greece ; Griechenland ; Sozialpolitik ; Sozialhilfe
    Abstract: This review provides an analytical perspective of the current situation, including the construction of a database, in order to help the Greek government define reforms to improve the effectiveness, efficiency and fairness of selected social programmes. The review identifies gaps and overlaps in social protection, and highlights areas where there is room for significant efficiency gains, in order to support informed and concrete decisions by the Greek government on where budgetary savings can most appropriately be made, taking into account the balance between societal groups and the need to maintain social cohesion.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264178762
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.)
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Trade
    Abstract: This report is an overview of the management of risk due to livestock diseases, a potentially catastrophic type of risk that can have strong external effects given its links to the food chain and to human health. Animal disease, primarily in farmed livestock, has long been a policy concern for food safety reasons and the high economic losses it can engender. The globalisation of trade and human movement, and sensitivities to food safety, enhance the relevance and complexity of disease control for terrestrial livestock. Outbreaks – or even rumours of an outbreak – can result in widespread consumer alarm, disruption of trade, and severe effects on incomes, not to mention the human cost of illnesses and deaths arising from animal disease.
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  • 64
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264168091
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Systems
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health systems
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitspolitik ; Russland ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Russian Federation ; Russland ; Gesundheitspolitik
    Abstract: This review examines some of the possible reasons for poor population health in Russia and explores possible impediments to further improvements. In doing so it examines the current health system against the background of the reforms put in place in the 1990s and recent policy efforts to correct some of the most important difficulties. It also identifies some of the strengths and weaknesses of existing arrangements.
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264029941
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health care quality
    Keywords: Gesundheitsversorgung ; Israel ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Israel
    Abstract: At a time when ever more information is available about the quality of health care, the challenge for policy makers is to better understand the policies and approaches that sit behind the numbers. This book examines whether care in Israel is safe, effective and responsive to patients’ needs. It examines what works and what does not work, both to benchmark the efforts of countries and to provide advice on reforms to improve quality of health care.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174658
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (96 p.)
    Series Statement: Pour une meilleure aide au développement
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Aid Effectiveness in the Health Sector; Progress and Lessons
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: L’aide joue un rôle important pour réduire la pauvreté et l'inégalité, stimuler la croissance, renforcer les capacités, promouvoir le développement humain et accélérer la réalisation des objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement. L'efficacité de l'aide est cruciale pour maximiser son impact et pour parvenir à un développement durable à long terme. Au cours des 20 dernières années, l’aide apportée au secteur de la santé a considérablement augmenté en passant de 5 milliards de dollars en 1990 à 21,8 milliards de dollars en 2007. Composée d’un nombre croissant et varié d’acteurs, l’aide au secteur de la santé fait face à des défis complexes en termes de gouvernance et de gestion : par exemple, les efforts d’investissement des donateurs sont fragmentés et se chevauchent par inadvertance, tandis que les partenaires ne sont pas en mesure d’en assumer l’entière responsabilité ni le leadership. En analysant ces défis et en prenant pour référence les principes énoncés dans la Déclaration de Paris (2005) et le Programme d’action d’Accra (PAA) (2008), ce rapport fournit des recommandations et expose les leçons à tirer pour le secteur de la santé et les nombreux défis en matière d’efficacité de l’aide. Ainsi, la santé fait office de secteur ‘témoin’ afin d’aider à évaluer les risques et avantages de la grande diversité d’acteurs, et de promouvoir la coordination et la cohérence entre les programmes de développement. Ce rapport est le résultat de la coopération entre le Groupe de travail sur l’efficacité de l’aide, un forum international et ouvert qui a pour but d’améliorer l’acheminement de l’aide à travers son équipe spéciale sur la Santé en tant que ‘secteur témoin’, et l'Organisation mondiale du commerce.
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  • 67
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264119550
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (450 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Divided We Stand; Why Inequality Keeps Rising
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Divided We Stand; Why Inequality Keeps Rising (Korean version)
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics
    Abstract: Durant les trois décennies précédant le récent ralentissement économique, le fossé entre les salaires s’est creusé et les inégalités de revenus entre les ménages ont augmenté dans une vaste majorité des pays de l'OCDE. Ce phénomène a même touché les pays traversant une période de croissance économique soutenue ainsi qu’une forte croissance de l'emploi. Ce rapport analyse les principales forces sous-jacentes à l’origine de ces évolutions. Il analyse dans quelle mesure la mondialisation de l’économie, le progrès technologique privilégiant les qualifications, et les réformes institutionnelles et réglementaires ont eu un impact sur la répartition des revenus. Le rapport examine également dans quelle mesure l’évolution de la formation et de la composition des ménages a modifié les revenus des ménages et l’inégalité des revenus. Il offre un aperçu sur la manière dont les systèmes d'imposition et d'indemnisation ont changé leur processus de redistribution des revenus des ménages. Enfin, le rapport met en évidence quelles seraient les politiques les plus prometteuses pour remédier à une hausse des inégalités et comment le dosage des politiques peut être adapté lorsque les budgets publics sont mis à rude épreuve.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264179660
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (372 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Closing the Gender Gap; Act Now
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gleichstellung der Geschlechter; Zeit zu handeln
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Cerrando las brechas de género ; Es hora de actuar
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Closing the Gender Gap; Act Now (Korean version)
    Keywords: Education ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Les inégalités entre hommes et femmes se retrouvent dans tous les domaines de la vie économique et représentent une importante perte de richesse potentielle en termes de productivité et de niveau de vie, pour les intéressées elles-mêmes et pour l’ensemble de l’économie. Ce nouveau rapport de l’OCDE examine comment réduire au mieux les inégalités entre les sexes selon quatre axes : 1) les normes sociales et les politiques publiques ; 2) l’éducation ; 3) l’emploi ; et 4) l’entrepreneuriat. Les messages clés sont les suivants : • une plus grande égalité entre garçons et filles en ce qui concerne le niveau de formation atteint a un effet positif fort sur la croissance économique ; • il faut lutter contre les stéréotypes dans le choix des études à l’école dès le plus jeune âge. Par exemple, il faudrait adapter les stratégies et le matériel pédagogique pour davantage inciter les garçons à lire et les filles à choisir les mathématiques et les sciences ; il faudrait encourager un plus grand nombre de jeunes filles à suivre des études dans les domaines scientifiques, de l’ingénierie et des mathématiques, au niveau des études supérieures, et à rechercher un emploi dans ces domaines ; • des modes de garde d’enfant de qualité et d’un coût abordable sont un facteur clé pour faire progresser l’égalité entre hommes et femmes en matière d’emploi. Mais il faut aussi que les choses changent à la maison car ce sont les femmes, dans de nombreux pays, qui assument l’essentiel des tâches ménagères et des soins aux proches. Les politiques publiques peuvent favoriser ces évolutions, par exemple par des dispositifs en matière de congé parental qui incluent expressément les pères ; • les mesures destinées à soutenir l’entrepreneuriat au féminin doivent viser toutes les entreprises existantes et pas seulement les entreprises en création et les petites entreprises. Il faut garantir l’égalité d’accès aux financements aux entrepreneurs hommes et aux entrepreneurs femmes.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264178069
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (420 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Connecting with Emigrants; A Global Profile of Diasporas
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: Le potentiel de la diaspora comme source de développement économique et social dans le pays d'origine et le fait de savoir si elle peut contribuer à favoriser ce développement, dépendent de ses caractéristiques, telles que la taille, la composition, le niveau des compétences et le degré de concentration, mais également de son niveau d’intégration dans les pays d’accueil. Ces éléments sont aussi tributaires de la situation économique, politique et sociale qui prévaut dans le pays d’origine. Les gouvernements des pays d'origine et de destination peuvent en effet faciliter la participation des diasporas, en soutenant des réseaux, en améliorant les canaux de communication avec le pays d'origine, en développant un environnement propice, ou - plus directement - en facilitant la mobilité des compétences et leur utilisation. Autant d’éléments qui rendent cruciale la capacité de caractériser le profil des diasporas. Cette publication conjointe de l’OCDE (Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques) et de l’AfD (Agence française de développement) comprend 140 notes pays résumant : la taille des diasporas, en prenant en compte les enfants d’immigrés nés dans le pays d’accueil) ; les caractéristiques des populations émigrées (sexe, âge, niveau d’éducation, résultats sur le marché du travail) ; les effectifs et les principaux pays de destinations des étudiants internationaux ; les flux récents de migrants vers les pays de l’OCDE ; ainsi que des informations sur les souhaits d’émigrer des différents groupes de migrants. Les informations sont regroupées en six régions : Asie et Océanie (chapitre 2) ; Amérique latine et Caraïbes (chapitre 3) ; pays de l’OCDE (chapitre 4) ; Europe hors OCDE et Asie centrale (chapitre 5) ; Moyen-Orient et Afrique du Nord (chapitre 6) ; et Afrique subsaharienne (chapitre 7). La situation dans chacune des régions est introduite par une description des tendances historiques des migrations, des principales diasporas originaires de la région, et des développements futurs et défis probables
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Statistiques de l'OCDE sur les migrations internationales
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Immigrants in OECD countries (Edition 2012)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cette base de données sur les migrants contient des informations sur les caractéristiques démographiques (âge et sexe), la durée du séjour, le marché du travail (état du marché du travail, professions, secteurs d'activité), domaines d'études, le niveau de scolarité et le lieu de naissance.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264177949
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (380 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Resserrer les liens avec les diasporas ; Panorama des compétences des migrants
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Resserrer les liens avec les diasporas: Panorama des compétences des migrants
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Connecting with emigrants
    Keywords: Migranten ; Welt ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Statistik 2012 ; Statistik 2012 ; Statistik 2012 ; Migration ; Internationaler Vergleich
    Abstract: The potential of diasporas as a source of economic and social development in origin countries and whether diasporas could help foster development depend on their characteristics, such as size, composition, skill levels and degree of concentration, but also on the degree of integration into the destination countries and the economic, political and social environment in origin countries. Governments of origin and destination countries can indeed facilitate the involvement of diasporas, by supporting networks, by facilitating communication channels with the country of origin, by creating an enabling environment, or – more directly – by easing skill mobility and use. In this regard, the capacity to characterise the profile of diasporas is instrumental. This joint OECD/AFD publication includes 140 country notes summarising diaspora sizes, including the number of children of migrants born in the destination countries; the characteristics of emigrant populations (gender, age, education, labour market outcomes); the numbers and main destinations of international students; recent migrant flows to OECD countries; and information on the desire to emigrate of different population groups. The country note information is grouped into six regions: Asia and Oceania; Latin America and the Caribbean; OECD countries; Non-OECD Europe and Central Asia; Middle East and North Africa; and Sub-Saharan Africa. The situation in each region is introduced by a separate chapter, which looks at historical migration trends, the main characteristics of diasporas originating from the region, and likely future developments and challenges.
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD International Migration Statistics
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Les immigrés dans les pays de l'OCDE (Édition 2012)
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This dataset on immigrants includes information on demographic characteristics (age and gender), duration of stay, labour market outcomes (labour market status, occupations, sectors of activity), fields of study, educational attainment and the place of birth.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264167025
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (408 p.)
    Series Statement: Petite enfance, grands défis III
    Series Statement: Petite enfance, grands défis
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Starting Strong III; A Quality Toolbox for Early Childhood Education and Care
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: L’éducation et l’accueil des jeunes enfants (EAJE) peut apporter un large éventail d’effets bénéfiques – pour les enfants, les parents et la société en général. Cependant, tous ces effets bénéfiques ont pour condition la « qualité ». Un accroissement de l’accès aux services sans qu’on prête attention à la qualité ne produira pas de bons résultats pour les enfants ni les gains de productivité attendus à long terme pour la société. Cette nouvelle publication porte sur les questions de qualité : elle cherche à définir ce que cette notion recouvre et décrit cinq instruments visant à améliorer la qualité de l’EAJE. De plus, elle fournit aux responsables publics des outils pratiques comme les dossiers scientifiques, les comparaisons internationales, des exemples nationaux, les fiches de réflexion, etc. afin de mettre en œuvre avec succès ces instruments.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173446
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (166 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: At a time when ever more information is available about the quality of health care, the challenge for policy makers is to better understand the policies and approaches that sit behind the numbers. Korea is the first country report in a new OECD series evaluating the quality of health care across OECD countries – whether care is safe, effective and responsive to patients’ needs. OECD Reviews of Health Care Quality examine what works and what does not work, both to benchmark the efforts of countries and to provide advice on reforms to improve quality of health care. This series of individual country reviews will be followed by a final summary report on the lessons learnt for good policy practices.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264178014
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (92 p.)
    Series Statement: Better Aid
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. L'efficacité de l'aide dans le secteur de la santé ; Progrès et enseignements
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Aid effectiveness in the health sector
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Entwicklungsländer ; Entwicklungszusammenarbeit ; Internationale Kooperation ; Entwicklungshilfe ; Gesundheitsfürsorge ; Effektivität ; Wirkung ; Auswirkung ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer
    Abstract: Aid plays an important role in reducing poverty and inequality, stimulating growth, building capacity, promoting human development and accelerating the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. Effective aid is critical both to maximise the impact of aid and to achieve long-term, sustainable development. Aid to the health sector has increased substantially over the last 20 years from USD 5 billion in 1990 to USD 21.8 billion in 2007. Consisting of a growing and diverse range of actors, aid to the health sector faces complex governance and management challenges: for example, donors inadvertedly invest in duplicate and fragmented efforts, while partners are unable to take full responsibility and leadership. By reviewing these challenges against the aid effectiveness principles outlined in the landmark 2005 Paris Declaration and 2008 Accra Agenda for Action, this report provides insight and expounds lessons from the health sector to the broader challenges of aid effectiveness. Health, then, is used as a “tracer” sector to help assess the risks and benefits of the diverse range of actors, and promote co-ordination and coherence among development programmes. This work is the result of a collaboration between the Working Party on Aid Effectiveness – an inclusive, international forum with the aim of improving aid delivery – through its Task Team on Health as a Tracer Sector and the World Trade Organization.
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  • 76
    ISBN: 9789264172296
    Language: English
    Pages: 202 S.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: PISA
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: This report reviews recent trends in international migration, describing the size of current foreign-born populations across countries and analysing factors associated to the size and nature of these populations, reviews a set of important differences and similarities across educational systems and gives a brief description of population sizes across countries. It also provides an overview of the evidence emerging from PISA 2009 on the performance and socio-economic background of children of immigrants. Who are the children of immigrants? What do they know and what can they do? How do they differ from other students? Do they approach school and learning in a different way? It examines more closely the issue of assessment language proficiency among immigrant students and its possible impact on cognitive outcomes in PISA. It explores the effect of age at arrival on the performance of immigrant students in the PISA tests of literacy.Selective migration policies of certain countries and the attractiveness of these countries generally to highly educated migrants is also explored. It also discusses the future educational and professional career of the children of immigrant related to their performance in PISA. Does the skill and knowledge disadvantage at age 15 translate into a disadvantage in later educational outcomes? For example, are those children of immigrants less likely to access a post-secondary educational institution?
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  • 77
    ISBN: 9789264130807
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.)
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Transport
    Abstract: The book presents a major meta-analysis of 'value of a statistical life' (VSL) estimates derived from surveys where people around the world have been asked about their willingness to pay for small reduction in mortality risks. The analysis seeks to explain the differences in the estimates, for example across countries. Differences in incomes and the magintude of the risk reduction people have been asked to value were found to be the factors having the strongest impact on VSL, but a number of other policy-relevant factors are also important. Based on the meta-analysis, and a broad review of the literature, the book also presents clear advice on how VSL values best can be used in assessments of environmental, health and transport policies, such as in cost-benefit analyses. Using explicit VSL estimates to quantify the benefits to society of fatality risk reductions can play an important role in the development of more cost-effective public policies.
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264073432
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (164 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Settling In; OECD Indicators of Immigrant Integration 2012
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integration von Zuwanderern; OECD-Indikatoren 2012
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Integration von Zuwanderern: OECD-Indikatoren 2012
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg.: Settling In: OECD Indicators of Immigrant Integration 2012
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Cette publication décrit comment les immigrés et leurs enfants s'insèrent dans les sociétés des pays de l’OCDE, et évalue leurs progrès par rapport à des indicateurs clés. L’intégration étant un défi à caractère multidimensionnel, plusieurs facteurs (les conditions de vie matérielle, la santé, l’éducation, le marché du travail, la participation civique ) sont pris en compte. Ce rapport compare les mesures des résultats ainsi que les progrès réalisés au cours de la dernière décennie aux résultats d’un groupe de référence (la population née dans le pays de résidence). Trois séries de questions sont abordées : 1) dans quelle mesure la performance moyenne des immigrés diffère-t-elle de celle de la population née dans le pays hôte ? ; 2) Ces différences peuvent-elles être expliquées par des effets structurels (différentes répartitions selon l'âge, niveau d'éducation , etc) ? ; Comment l’intégration a-t-elle évolué au cours de la dernière décennie ? Le chapitre d'introduction fournit une description détaillée des populations examinées (personnes et ménages nés à l'étranger, ainsi que les enfants d'immigrés nés dans le pays hôte). Le dernier chapitre donne une vue d'ensemble sur les questions de discrimination qui est une source possible de désavantages tenaces pour les immigrés et leurs enfants.
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264169623
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mortality Risk Valuation in Environment, Health and Transport Policies
    Keywords: Environment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Transport
    Abstract: Cet ouvrage présente une vaste méta-analyse des estimations de la « valeur d’une vie statistique » (VVS) tirées d’enquêtes au cours desquelles on a demandé à des personnes partout dans le monde si elles étaient prêtes à payer pour une réduction limitée des risques de mortalité. L’analyse cherche à expliquer les différences entre les estimations, par exemple d’un pays à l’autre. Les écarts de revenus et le degré de réduction des risques, que l’on a demandé aux personnes interrogées de quantifier, se sont révélés être les facteurs ayant le plus d’impact sur la VVS, mais plusieurs autres facteurs intéressant l’action publique sont également importants. À partir de la méta-analyse ainsi que d’une étude bibliographique approfondie, l’ouvrage propose également des conseils précis sur une utilisation optimale des estimations de la VVS dans l’évaluation des politiques de l’environnement, de la santé et des transports, par exemple dans le cadre d’analyses coûts-avantages. Le recours à des estimations explicites de la VVS pour chiffrer les avantages que la société peut retirer d’une diminution des risques de mortalité peut jouer un rôle important dans l’élaboration de politiques publiques plus efficientes.
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  • 80
    ISBN: 9789264124523
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (206 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Mental Health and Work
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mal-être au travail ? ; Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Mal-être au travail ? : Mythes et réalités sur la santé mentale et l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Sick on the job?
    DDC: 158.72
    RVK:
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Arbeit ; Psychische Gesundheit
    Abstract: The costs of mental ill-health for the individuals concerned, employers and society at large are enormous. Mental illness is responsible for a very significant loss of potential labour supply, high rates of unemployment, and a high incidence of sickness absence and reduced productivity at work. In particular, mental illness causes too many young people to leave the labour market, or never really enter it, through early moves onto disability benefit. Today, between one-third and one-half of all new disability benefit claims are for reasons of mental ill-health, and among young adults that proportion goes up to over 70%. Indeed, mental ill-health is becoming a key issue for the well-functioning of OECD’s labour markets and social policies and requires a stronger focus on policies addressing mental health and work issues. Despite the very high costs to the individuals and the economy, there is only little awareness about the connection between mental health and work, and the drivers behind the labour market outcomes and the level of inactivity of people with mental ill-health. Understanding these drivers is critical for the development of more effective policies. This report aims to identify the knowledge gaps and begin to narrow them by reviewing evidence on the main challenges and barriers to better integrating people with mental illness in the world of work.
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264168350
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (297 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Poverty reduction and pro-poor growth
    Keywords: Armut ; Armutsbekämpfung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Ursache ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Gemeinwohl ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development ; Entwicklungsländer ; Armut ; Bekämpfung ; Empowerment
    Abstract: Empowerment of those living in poverty is both a critical driver and an important measure of poverty reduction. It is the decisions and actions of poor people themselves that will bring about sustainable improvements in their lives and livelihoods. Inequitable power relations exclude poor people from decision-making and prevent them from taking action. Sustainable poverty reduction needs poor people to be both the agents and beneficiaries of economic growth - to directly participate in, contribute to and benefit from growth processes. Strengthening poor people’s organizations, providing them with more control over assets and promoting their influence in economic governance will improve the terms on which they engage in markets. This economic empowerment combined with political and social empowerment will make growth much more effective in reducing poverty. This report aims to build donor understanding of empowerment and how best to support it.
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  • 82
    ISBN: 9789264167919
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (322 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Jobs for Immigrants (Vol. 3); Labour Market Integration in Austria, Norway and Switzerland
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria ; Norway ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Ce volume (le troisième de la série de l’OCDE Les migrants et l’emploi) évalue l’expérience de trois pays européens de l’OCDE (Autriche, Norvège et Suisse) s’agissant de l’intégration des immigrés et de leurs enfants sur le marché du travail. Le chapitre d’introduction met en évidence certaines conclusions essentielles des analyses des trois pays examinés. Il est suivi des trois examens-pays. Les trois chapitres consacrés aux pays commencent tous par un aperçu du cadre d’intégration avant de présenter une analyse approfondie de certains enjeux majeurs. Chacun des examens-pays se termine par un résumé et des recommandations.
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  • 83
    ISBN: 9789264177185
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (300 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Free movement of workers and labour market adjustment
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Arbeitsmarkt ; OECD-Staaten ; EU-Staaten ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Europäische Union ; Arbeitsmobilität ; OECD
    Abstract: This publication presents recent evidence and analytical work on the impact and future perpectives of demographic trends in the workforce, taking also into account education, skills and geographical mobility. It pays particular attention to the labour mobility patterns generated by the development of free mobility in Europe and simlar developments in other parts of the world.
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264168305
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (288 p.)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Promoting inclusive growth
    Keywords: Wirtschaftswachstum ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Wirtschaftsentwicklung ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Politische Ökonomie ; Finanzpolitik ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Economics ; Konferenzschrift ; Wirtschaftswachstum ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: This volume discusses several policy challenges facing countries to achieve and sustain inclusive growth. The volume is based on the proceedings of a conference co-organised by the OECD Economics Department and the World Bank on 24-25 March 2011, which brought together academics and practitioners from advanced, emerging-market and developing economies. While discussions on strong growth typically focus on the pace of economic expansion, those on inclusiveness also delve into the patterns of growth and on how its benefits are shared among the various social groups. An important message that came out of the conference is that strong growth is not necessarily inclusive and that policy action is needed to make sure that pro-growth initiatives also foster inclusiveness.
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264167537
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (298 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les migrants et l'emploi (Vol. 3) ; L'intégration sur le marché du travail en Autriche, Norvège et Suisse
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Jobs for immigrants ; Vol. 3: Labour market integration in Austria, Norway and Switzerland
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migranten ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Soziale Integration ; Österreich ; Norwegen ; Schweiz ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Austria ; Norway ; Switzerland ; Österreich ; Norwegen ; Schweiz ; Einwanderer ; Arbeitsmarkt
    Abstract: When immigrants arrive in a new country, they are confronted with new labour market requirements such as language proficiency, familiarity with job-search procedures and work practices which they are not always able to satisfy. Over time, this expertise can be acquired. In practice however, differences in employment and earnings persist: experience and qualifications obtained abroad may not be fully equivalent to experience and qualifications acquired in the host country or not recognised as such, social capital may be lacking, or discriminatory hiring practices may persist among employers. These obstacles affect not only new immigrants, but, surprisingly, their offspring too. This publication reviews the labour market integration of immigrants and their offspring in three OECD countries (Austria, Norway and Switzerlands) and provides country-specific recommendations. It also includes a summary chapter highlighting common challenges and policy responses. It is the third and last in a series which has covered eleven OECD countries.
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264124561
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (225 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Santé mentale et emploi
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Sick on the Job?; Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Les coûts d’une mauvaise santé mentale pour les individus concernés, les employeurs et la société au sens large sont considérables. Une estimation prudente de l’Organisation internationale du travail les chiffre à 3-4 % du PIB de l’Union européenne. La plupart de ces coûts se manifestent en dehors de la sphère de la santé. La maladie mentale est à l’origine de pertes considérables de main-d’oeuvre potentielle, de taux de chômage élevés, d’une forte incidence de l’absentéisme pour maladie et d’une moindre productivité au travail. Ce rapport vise à cerner les données manquantes sur la santé mentale et l'emploi, à enrichir la base de connaissances et ainsi à remettre en question certains mythes, et à donner une vision plus complète des défis stratégiques sousjacents.
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264171534
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (173 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trouver ses marques ; Les indicateurs de l'OCDE sur l'intégration des immigrés 2012
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Integration von Zuwanderern; OECD-Indikatoren 2012
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Settling in
    RVK:
    Keywords: 2000-2012 ; Migranten ; Integration ; Soziale Integration ; OECD-Staaten ; Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD ; Einwanderung ; Soziale Integration
    Abstract: This publication highlights how immigrants and their children are integrating into OECD societies, judging their progress against key indicators. Many areas are considered (material living conditions, health, education, labour market, civic engagement) as integration is a multi-dimensional issue. Measures of outcomes, as well as of progress made over the past decade, are presented in comparison with outcomes of a reference group (the population born in the country of residence). Three series of questions are addressed: 1) To what extent does the average performance of immigrants differ from that of the native-born?; 2) Can these differences be explained by structural effects (different distributions by age, educational level, etc.)?; 3) How has integration record evolved over the past decade? An introductory chapter provides a detailed description of the populations under review (foreign-born persons and households, as well as native-born offspring of immigrants). The final chapter gives an overview on discrimination issues, as this is one possible source of persistent disadvantages of immigrants and their children.  
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  • 88
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 27 S., 977 KB)
    Series Statement: Discussion paper / International Transport Forum 2011-3
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. De meilleures réglementations économiques
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als De meilleures réglementations économiques
    Keywords: Verkehrssektor ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Dienstleistungsqualität ; Verkehrspolitik ; Regulierung ; Good Governance ; Transport ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: Good transport services contribute strongly to the productivity of an economy and extend the range of activities accessible to consumers. Good services require adequate infrastructure and reasonable usage conditions to that infrastructure. Much transport infrastructure is capital intensive and lumpy. Such cost structures imply that there will be few service providers. In some circumstances the structure of costs and technology is such that economic regulation is the best way to drive efficient outcomes. Achieving the right governance structures - including the question of when to regulate and how to regulate - is central to performance of the sector and the subject of this paper, which summarises discussions at a Roundtable held in December 2010.
    Note: Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 89
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 17 S., 788 KB) , graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Discussion paper / International Transport Forum 2011-1
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. Améliorer la pratique de l'analyse coûts-bénéfices dans les transports
    Keywords: Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse ; Verkehrsplanung ; Infrastrukturinvestition ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is widely recognized to be helpful, even indispensible, for making good decisions on what transport projects to fund. It essentially aims to figure out which projects offer the best value for money, one of the core criteria for making decisions. However, the practical relevance of cost-benefit analysis does not always live up to its appeal in principle. One problem is that there is disagreement about what to include in both the costs and the benefits side of the analysis, so that value for money is not always a fully transparent concept. A second problem is that value for money is only a partial criterion for decision-making, leading to disagreement about the relative importance of the results from CBA compared to other inputs into the decision-making process. Discussions at the Roundtable aimed to shed light on these conceptual problems by analysing the practice of CBA and comparing approaches to it in different countries. In short the aim was to identify a checklist of items that should be included in a socially relevant cost-benefit analysis, i.e. analysis that can be produced in reasonable time and at reasonable cost but is good enough to help resolve trade-offs.
    Note: Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 90
    ISBN: 9789264126398
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Series Statement: Development Centre Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Gagnon, Jason Tackling the policy challenges of migration
    DDC: 325
    RVK:
    Keywords: Internationale Migration ; Migrationspolitik ; Arbeitsmigranten ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Development
    Abstract: This book contributes to the current debate on migration policy, focusing on three main elements in the standard migration policy dialogue: the regulation of flows, the integration of immigrants and the impact of labour mobility on development. In particular it argues that the current governance of international migration is both insufficient and inefficient. Restrictive and non-cooperative migration policies not only affect development in sending countries but also have counterproductive effects in the countries that implement them. Likewise, the lack of integration policies generates costs for society. In this respect, the book focuses on South-South migration and highlights the specific risks of neglecting integration in developing countries. It also analyses the effects of emigration on origin-country labour markets and underlines the externalities of immigration policies in migrant-sending countries. The book explores the feasibility of implementing a coherent governance framework centred on three complementary objectives: i) a more flexible regulation of international migration flows; ii) a better integration of immigrants in developing countries; and iii) a higher impact of labour mobility on development.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264098794
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (310 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Doing Better for Families
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Doing Better for Families; (Korean version)
    Keywords: Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Tous les gouvernements des pays de l’OCDE veulent donner aux parents une plus grande liberté de choix dans leurs décisions professionnelles et familiales. Ce recueil analyse les différentes formes d’aides publiques aux familles. Il cherche à répondre aux questions suivantes : les prestations au titre de la famille sont-elles en progression et comment évoluent-elles selon l’âge de l’enfant ? La crise a-t-elle eu une incidence sur les aides publiques aux familles ? Quelle est la meilleure façon d’aider les adultes à avoir le nombre d’enfants qu’ils souhaitent? Quels sont les effets des dispositifs de congé parental sur l’offre de main d’oeuvre féminine et sur le bien-être des enfants ? Les frais de garde d’enfants sont-ils un frein à l’emploi parental et comment la flexibilité au travail peut-elle le favoriser ? Pour les mères quel est le meilleur moment pour reprendre le travail après la naissance d’un enfant ? Enfin, quelles sont les mesures les plus adaptées pour réduire la pauvreté des familles monoparentales ?
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  • 92
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264122314
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (224 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Health reform
    DDC: 362.1/042
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitsreform ; Alternde Bevölkerung ; Morbidität ; OECD-Staaten ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Gesundheitswesen ; Reform ; Morbidität
    Abstract: When the OECD was founded in 1961, health systems were gearing themselves up to deliver acute care interventions. Sick people were to be cured in hospitals, then sent on their way again. Medical training was focused on hospitals; innovation was to develop new interventions; payment systems were centred around single episodes of care. Health systems have delivered big improvements in health since then, but they can be slow to adapt to new challenges. In particular, these days, the overwhelming burden of disease is chronic, for which ‘cure’ is out of our reach. Health policies have changed to some extent in response, though perhaps not enough. But the challenge of the future is that the typical recipient of health care will be aged and will have multiple morbidities. This book examines how payment systems, innovation policies and human resource policies need to be modernised so that OECD health systems will continue to generate improved health outcomes in the future at a sustainable cost.
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264120914
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.)
    Series Statement: OECD Reviews of Health Systems
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens de l'OCDE des systèmes de santé; Suisse 2011
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als OECD OECD reviews of health systems
    RVK:
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Krankenversicherung ; Gesundheitsberufe ; Gesundheitsreform ; Schweiz ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Switzerland ; Schweiz ; Krankenversicherung ; Gesundheitswesen ; Reform
    Abstract: Five years after the first Review of Switzerland’s health system, the OECD and the World Organization combined their expertise again to report on progress and implementation of health reforms in the Swiss health system. In addition to taking stock of the good overall performance of the Swiss health system, the two organizations propose concrete ways to help the system be more efficient and prepare for the future health needs of the Swiss population. The report focuses on three important issues: health insurance markets, health workforce planning and management and governance of the health system.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264098732
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (276 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Assurer le bien-être des familles
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Doing Better for Families; (Korean version)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Doing better for families
    DDC: 361.61021
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Familienpolitik ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Governance ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Familienhilfe
    Abstract: All OECD governments want to give parents more choice in their work and family decisions. This book looks at the different ways in which governments support families. It seeks to provide answers to questions like: Is spending on family benefits going up, and how does it vary by the age of the child? Has the crisis affected public support for families? What is the best way of helping adults to have the number of children they desire? What are the effects of parental leave programmes on female labour supply and on child well-being? Are childcare costs a barrier to parental employment and can flexible workplace options help? What is the best time for mothers to go back to work after childbirth? And what are the best policies to reduce poverty among sole parents?
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  • 95
    ISBN: 9789264097759
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: OECD Health Policy Studies
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Besoin d'aide ? ; La prestation de services et le financement de la dépendance
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Help wanted?
    RVK:
    Keywords: Ältere Menschen ; Häusliche Pflege ; Pflegeversicherung ; Finanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Finanzierung ; Krankenpflege ; Langzeitbetreuung ; Private Krankenversicherung
    Abstract: This book examines the challenges countries are facing with regard to providing and paying for long-term care. With populations ageing and the need for long-term care growing rapidly, this book looks at such issues as: future demographic trends, policies to support family carers, long-term care workers, financing arrangements, long-term care insurance, and getting better value for money in long-term care. “WHO recognizes that long-term care represents a major challenge for all countries in the world, with important implications for economic development and for the health and well-being of older people. This well-documented book provides a comparative analysis of the common challenges and diverse solutions OECD countries are adopting to respond to the growing demand for long-term care services, and particularly its implications for financing and labour markets. It provides much needed evidence to guide policy makers and individuals.” -Dr John Beard, Director, Department of Ageing and Life Course, World Health Organization “This carefully researched book offers invaluable data and insights into the organization and financing of long-term care in OECD countries. The book is an indispensable resource for anyone interested in international long-term care”. -Dr. Joshua M. Wiener, Distinguished Fellow and Program Director of RTI’s Aging, Disability, and Long-Term Care Program, United States
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  • 96
    ISBN: 9789264097766
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (392 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Etudes de l'OCDE sur les politiques de santé
    Series Statement: Études de l'OCDE sur les politiques de santé
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Help Wanted?; Providing and Paying for Long-Term Care
    Keywords: Employment ; Finance and Investment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Au moment où l’espérance de vie approche des 80 ans pour les hommes et dépasse nettement cet âge pour les femmes, la population est de plus en plus nombreuse à vouloir vivre pleinement aussi longtemps que possible. Comment l’évolution démographique et les tendances du marché du travail vont-elles peser sur l’offre familiale, amicale et des travailleurs susceptibles d’assumer une prise en charge ? Les finances publiques seront-elles menacées par le coût de la prise en charge future de la dépendance ? Quel équilibre doit-on rechercher entre implication privée et soutien public de cette prise en charge des soins liés à la dépendance ? Ce livre traite de ces enjeux et autres questions importantes.
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264167216
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (160 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Recruiting Immigrant Workers
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als Recruiting immigrant workers
    Keywords: Arbeitsmigranten ; Migrationspolitik ; Schweden ; Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Sweden ; Schweden ; Ausländischer Arbeitnehmer ; Anwerbung
    Abstract: Sweden reformed its labour migration management policy in 2008 and now has one of the most liberal labour migration regimes in the OECD. This book attempts to answer the question of whether Sweden’s labour migration policy is efficiently working to meet labour market needs that were not being met, without adversely affecting the domestic labour market. The review also examines the impact of the reform on labour migration flows to Sweden and on access to recruitment from abroad by Swedish employers. After the reform, employers in Sweden were able to recruit workers from abroad for any occupation, as long as the job had been advertised for a nominal period and the prevailing collective bargaining wage and contractual conditions were respected. Overall, Sweden’s new system has not led to a boom in labour migration, although this somewhat surprising result may be related to the slack labour market. The faith in employers appears to be largely justified until now, although there are some vulnerabilities in the system which could be addressed, especially in monitoring workplaces not covered by collective bargaining, and marginal businesses. The particularities of the relatively highly regulated labour market in Sweden may mean that this model is not easily transferable to other countries, but lessons can be drawn for other countries.
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  • 98
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (32 S.) , 21 x 29.7cm
    Series Statement: Document de référence / Forum International des Transports 2011-3
    Series Statement: International Transport Forum Discussion Papers no.2011/03
    Parallel Title: Engl. Ausg. Better economic regulation
    Keywords: Verkehrssektor ; Verkehrsinfrastruktur ; Dienstleistungsqualität ; Verkehrspolitik ; Regulierung ; Good Governance ; Transport ; Arbeitspapier ; Graue Literatur ; Konferenzschrift
    Abstract: Des services de transport de qualité apportent beaucoup à la productivité d’une économie et élargissent l’éventail des activités accessibles aux consommateurs. Ils requièrent des infrastructures adéquates et des conditions raisonnables d’utilisation de ces infrastructures. Beaucoup d’infrastructures de transport sont lourdes et présentent une intensité capitalistique élevée, ce qui a pour effet de limiter le nombre de prestataires de services. La structure des coûts et la technologie sont parfois telles que la réglementation économique est le meilleur moyen d’optimiser les résultats. La mise en place des structures de gouvernance appropriées – qui consiste notamment à déterminer quand et comment réglementer – est capitale pour les performances du secteur. Elle fait l’objet du présent document qui fait la synthèse des débats menés au cours de la Table Ronde1 de décembre 2010.
    Note: Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 99
    ISBN: 9789264116016
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (522 p.) , ill.
    Edition: 2011
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als A system of health accounts 2011
    DDC: 338.4/73621
    Keywords: Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitskosten ; Gesundheitsfinanzierung ; OECD-Staaten ; Health accounts ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; OECD-Staaten ; Gesundheitswesen ; Gesundheitskosten
    Abstract: A System of Health Accounts 2011 provides a systematic description of the financial flows related to the consumption of health care goods and services. As demands for information increase and more countries implement and institutionalise health accounts according to the system, the data produced are expected to be more comparable, more detailed and more policy relevant. This new edition builds on the original OECD Manual, published in 2000, and the Guide to Producing National Health Accounts to create a single global framework for producing health expenditure accounts that can help track resource flows from sources to uses. The Manual is the result of a four-year collaborative effort between the OECD, WHO and the European Commission, and sets out in more detail the boundaries, the definitions and the concepts – responding to health care systems around the globe – from the simplest to the more complicated.
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  • 100
    ISBN: 9789264091269
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La littératie, un atout pour la vie ; Version préliminaire; Nouveaux résultats de l'Enquête sur la littératie et les compétences des adultes
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La littératie, un atout pour la vie : Version préliminaire: Nouveaux résultats de l'Enquête sur la littératie et les compétences des adultes
    Keywords: Education ; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Literacy for Life is the second report from the Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey. It presents additional results on the nature and magnitude of the literacy gaps faced by OECD countries and how these gaps have evolved over the medium term. It offers new insights into the factors that influence the formation of adult skills in various settings – at home and at work – for the eleven countries participating in the first and last round of data collection between 2003 and 2008. The study offers comparative evidence on the impact of various factors on the supply of skill. The study offers a special focus on numeracy skills and problem solving skills. It explores the relationships between numeracy and key socio-demographic factors as well as labour market outcomes and earnings. It highlights the importance of problem solving skills by defining this foundational skill and by exploring its determinants as well as its relative role in influencing important labour market outcomes. The report offers also an analysis of performance across multiple skill domains. It investigates the skill profiles of various population groups defined in terms of the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of those who score at levels deemed to be low in one or more skill domains and explores the resulting consequences. The report concludes by investigating the issue of skill mismatch in the labour market and its relationship to adult learning. The extent and distribution of mismatch between the day-to-day literacy related requirements of workers and the literacy skills they have obtained is an important issue that is being explored in this study.
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