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  • MPI Ethno. Forsch.  (748)
  • BSZ  (12)
  • 1995-1999  (756)
  • OECD  (630)
  • Edward Elgar Publishing  (126)
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  • 1
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: SourceOECD
    Series Statement: Education and skills
    Parallel Title: Franz. Ausg. u.d.T. Examens des politiques nationales d'éducation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg. u.d.T. Reviews of national policies for education
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  • 2
    ISBN: 9789264266773
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (212 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Battle against Exclusion; Social Assistance in Belgium, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands and Norway
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Battle against Exclusion: Social Assistance in Belgium, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands and Norway
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Belgium ; Czech Republic ; Netherlands ; Norway
    Abstract: Les institutions ayant pour mission d'aider les personnes démunies sont un élément caractéristique de la vie sociale depuis des siècles. Aujourd'hui, les institutions d'aide sociale ont pour objectif d'intégrer et d'encourager ces personnes afin d'éliminer exclusion et stigmatisation. La pauvreté peut fortement éprouver le tissu social. Pourtant, éviter la misère aux personnes sans ressources tout en réduisant l'exclusion et la marginalisation n'est pas chose facile. Comment l'aide sociale peut-elle concilier au mieux ces objectifs et réduire au minimum les effets dissuasifs sur la recherche d'emploi rémunéré ? Que peut-on faire pour promouvoir autonomie et responsabilité individuelle ? Cet ouvrage compare les politiques d'aide sociale de quatre pays : la Belgique, la Norvège, les Pays-Bas et la République tchèque. Bien qu'à première vue ces pays semblent très différents, ils sont en fait confrontés aux mêmes dilemmes. Certes, l'action au niveau local est indispensable pour identifier et aider les exclus, mais le souci de l'équilibre entre deux exigences -- veiller à ce que des ressources suffisantes soient disponibles au niveau local tout en limitant les budgets de façon à assurer une utilisation efficiente des ressources -- est une préoccupation constante. Les gouvernements sont déterminés à lutter contre la pauvreté, mais des prestations trop élevées pourraient avoir un effet démobilisateur à l'égard du travail. La question de savoir si les bénéficiaires de prestations sont « prêts à occuper un emploi » ou s'il convient d'accroître l'aide sociale reste parfois sujette à controverse chez les divers organismes concernés. Aucun des quatre pays n'a encore trouvé de système qui permette d'éviter l'exclusion, mais tous sont parvenus à en limiter l'étendue grâce à des politiques novatrices.
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264272590
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (180 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. A Caring World; The New Social Policy Agenda
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. A Caring World: The New Social Policy Agenda
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Abstract: Il faut repenser les politiques sociales. Les plus pessimistes estiment que les pouvoirs publics disposent de budgets toujours plus limités pour faire face à des problèmes sans cesse plus complexes et plus nombreux. A l'évidence, des phénomènes remarquables travaillent nos sociétés en profondeur. Le vieillissement démographique accroît les pressions pesant sur les actifs. Les mutations du marché du travail touchent de plein fouet les travailleurs peu qualifiés. « L'exclusion sociale » est entrée dans le vocabulaire politique. Et la structure familiale traditionnelle ne peut plus servir de base aux politiques. Mais on ne devrait pas présenter la politique sociale comme colmatant les brèches d'une société confrontée à des défis à la fois économiques et démographiques. Le savoir jouant un rôle croissant dans la création de richesse, permettre aux individus de développer tout leur potentiel est une dimension clé de la politique économique. Les politiques économiques et sociales sont donc plus étroitement liées que jamais. Cet ouvrage dresse un tableau à la fois complet et accessible de la situation actuelle et met le doigt sur les réformes à entreprendre. La politique sociale devrait ainsi promouvoir l'emploi et une vie saine et non se contenter de guérir les maux -- chômage, problèmes de santé -- après coup. De même, l'investissement consacré aux enfants et aux familles les aide à apporter leur pleine contribution à la société. Dans les pays de l'OCDE, les nouvelles politiques sociales foisonnent en expériences et innovations visant à offrir aux individus et aux familles le soutien dont ils ont besoin pour s'adapter au changement. Les ministres des pays de l'OCDE se sont justement engagés à mener à bien cette tâche ambitieuse : créer un monde solidaire.
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264164079
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Co-operation Reviews no.30
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement ; Communauté Européenne 1998
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Development ; OECD
    Abstract: The European Community (EC) is the world's second largest multilateral channel for development assistance (after the World Bank). Its combined programmes are the fifth-largest among the 22 Members of the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC), and EC programmes have grown an average 3.3 per cent annually over the past five years, while the combined effort of DAC countries declined by 4.7 per cent annually. The Community's allocation of resources to lower income countries has not kept pace, however, with the overall growth of the ODA budget over recent years. EC programmes operate within a complex organisation and management structure, and Brussels faces serious challenges of implementation in adapting its operations to achieve agreed development objectives. There have been important steps in the evolution of the European Commission structures: a Common Service has been created to implement co-operation activities for the four Directorates General. But there is still a need to strengthen the capacity of delegations in the field to work fully with partners in advancing local ownership and co-ordination. The EC has a strong role to play in improving the coherence of policies affecting developing countries. The report analyses this question in fields such as agriculture, trade, fisheries agreements and Community fishing fleet subsidies. Co-ordination with other donors also seems to be improving, which bodes well for better overall partnerships between donors and partner countries. In 1998, the development co-operation policy of the following DAC Member countries will be reviewed: Canada, Finland, Germany, Luxembourg, Spain, and the United States.
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264274495
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (68 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement no.27
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews; Spain 1998
    Keywords: Development ; Spain
    Abstract: Le gouvernement espagnol a entrepris de gros efforts pour consolider le cadre de sa politique de coopération pour le développement et améliorer la qualité et la transparence de son aide. Un projet de loi sur la coopération pour le développement a été soumis au Parlement à l'automne 1997 et de nouveaux systèmes de planification et d'évaluation destinés à faciliter la gestion de l'aide sont en cours de mise en place, dont un plan indicatif pluriannuel et des programmes par pays. Malgré de sérieuses contraintes budgétaires, il est par ailleurs envisagé d'accroître le budget de l'aide. Ces initiatives ont été accueillies favorablement par le Comité d'aide au développement (CAD) de l'OCDE à l'occasion de l'examen de la politique et du programme d'aide de l'Espagne. Le Comité a également pris note du net rééquilibrage de l'effort d'aide espagnol où l'accroissement sensible du programme d'aide sous forme de dons s'est accompagné d'une diminution des crédits d'aide liée du Fonds d'aide au développement (FAD), et il a exprimé le voeu que cette tendance se poursuive. Le CAD a encouragé les autorités espagnoles dans leur effort pour garantir une plus grande cohérence des crédits du FAD avec les objectifs de coopération pour le développement et les orientations générales de l'aide espagnole. Eu égard aux bonnes pratiques en vigueur parmi les donneurs, le Comité s'est déclaré favorable aux mesures visant à rehausser l'efficacité du programme d'aide de l'Espagne et la capacité de ce pays de le mettre en oeuvre, et a invité les autorités espagnoles à réfléchir à un certain nombre d'autres initiatives destinées notamment à : - garantir une application plus rigoureuse des critères de développement pour l'identification et la sélection des projets financés par des crédits du FAD et une meilleure coordination de ces derniers avec le programme de dons, une attention particulière étant accordée à la situation des pays très endettés ; - poursuivre les efforts engagés pour doter l'AECI d'une plus grande autonomie au regard des règles administratives et en matière de recrutement, afin d'en améliorer la souplesse de fonctionnement et le professionnalisme, de sorte qu'elle puisse fonctionner dans le cadre de la loi envisagée ; - réaliser une étude sur la liaison de l'aide afin d'en mieux appréhender les avantages et les inconvénients et d'alimenter le débat sur cette question à l'échelon national ; - continuer d'améliorer les méthodes d'administration des subventions aux ONG. En 1998, les examens de la politique de coopération pour le développement concerneront les pays Membres du CAD suivants : Allemagne, Canada, Communauté européenne, Etats-Unis, Finlande, et Luxembourg.
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  • 6
    ISBN: 9789264272620
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examen des politiques agricoles de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Review of Agricultural Policies; Korea 1999; National Policies and Agricultural Trade
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Korea, Republic of
    Abstract: L'agriculture revêt une importance particulière en Corée pour des raisons politiques, stratégiques et culturelles. Comment les politiques agricoles coréennes ont-elles évolué au cours des deux dernières décennies ? Quels sont les effets de la crise de 1997 sur le secteur agricole et sur la mise en oeuvre des politiques agricoles ? En s'appuyant sur la méthode bien connue de l'OCDE de calcul du soutien accordé à l'agriculture au moyen des Équivalents subvention à la production et à la consommation, cette étude constitue l'une des analyses et des évaluations les plus exhaustives de l'évolution rapide de l'agriculture coréenne.
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264272019
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (84 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement no.31
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews; Finland 1999
    Keywords: Development ; Finland
    Abstract: La Finlande a maintenant entrepris de restructurer et de renforcer son programme d'aide, qui avait subi de fortes compressions au début des années 90. La Décision de principe adoptée par le Cabinet en septembre 1996 est désormais le principal document servant de référence pour la politique de coopération pour le développement. Elle stipule que le rapport entre l'aide publique au développement émanant de la Finlande et le produit national brut (ou rapport APD/PNB) devra être porté à 0.4 pour cent d'ici l'an 2000. Elle prévoit également l'intégration de la coopération pour le développement à un cadre cohérent en matière de politique étrangère ainsi que la réorganisation de l'administration de l'aide au sein du ministère des Affaires étrangères. Lors de l'examen auquel il a procédé de la politique et du programme de la Finlande en matière de coopération pour le développement, le CAD s'est félicité de l'importance accordée à la notion de partenariat dans la politique finlandaise, telle que définie dans la Décision de principe. Il a aussi salué l'accroissement du volume de l'aide finlandaise, retournement bienvenu de la nette tendance à la baisse qui prévalait au moment du précédent examen en 1995. D'autres questions essentielles ont été abordées lors de cet examen : les relations de partenariat à long terme entre la Finlande et les pays bénéficiant en priorité de son aide, la notion de flexibilité incluse dans la Décision de principe, la nécessité d'établir des orientations précises pour guider les interventions sectorielles et transversales, la gestion des activités sur le terrain et la délégation de pouvoirs aux représentations locales, et enfin la nouvelle procédure d'examen préalable des projets et propositions qui a été intégrée au système de contrôle de la qualité de l'aide finlandaise. Au programme des examens par les pairs réalisés par le CAD figurent, pour 1998, le Canada, l'Espagne, la Communauté européenne, la Finlande, l'Allemagne et le Luxembourg, et pour 1999, le Danemark, le Japon, l'Irlande, la Norvège.
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  • 8
    ISBN: 9781035306046
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 291 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: New horizons in international business series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Deepening integration in the Pacific economies
    DDC: 337.1/9
    Keywords: Globalisierung ; Regionale Wirtschaftsintegration ; Wirtschaftsintegration ; Marktintegration ; Asiatisch-pazifischer Raum ; Pacific Area Economic integration ; Pacific Area Foreign economic relations ; Pacific Area Economic integration
    Abstract: The Pacific is a high growth region, comprising East Asian market economy states, North America, China, Australia and New Zealand. This book examines the area's rapidly expanding pattern of corporate competition and cooperation, which is assisting recoveries from the effects of the East Asian financial crises. The authors argue that the uneven but dynamic integration in the Pacific region which was disrupted by the financial crises is continuing in ways that promise resumptions of higher interdependent growth when fundamental adjustments have been completed. They emphasize that the regional recovery could be assisted by innovative new efforts to promote wider ranging cooperation in the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC), which is committed to regional trade and investment liberalization over the next decade
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- 1. Pacific integration and globalization -- 2. East asian crises and regional economic integration -- 3. Pacific economic integration and the 'flying geese' paradigm -- 4. Pacific market integration -- 5. Multinational enterprises in apec -- 6. Corporate-government relations in the pacific -- 7. Corporate interaction, direct investment and regional cooperation in industrializing asia -- 8. Bank loan capitalism and financial crises -- 9. Pacific collective management -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781035304097
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 198 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Rizzello, Salvatore, 1963 - The economics of the mind
    DDC: 330.15/7
    Keywords: Wirtschaftswissenschaft ; Österreichische Schule ; Neoklassische Theorie ; Institutionenökonomik ; Transaktionskosten ; Evolutionsökonomik ; Theorie ; Austrian school of economics ; Neoclassical school of economics ; Institutional economics ; Austrian school of economics ; Neoclassical school of economics ; Institutional economics ; Wiener Schule ; Kapitaltheorie ; Neoklassische Theorie
    Abstract: The Economics of the Mind addresses economics from the perspective of real men and women: how they assess things, decide and act. It looks at the choices we make, and calls for the assumptions which make up the foundations of economic theory to be consistent with the mechanisms which guide the workings of the human mind. The author begins by presenting an historical analysis of the role of knowledge and decision-making, taking into account the work of Hayek and Simon. Salvatore Rizzello then reconstructs the birth and development of neo-institutionalism, experimental economics and evolutionary economics. He discusses economic and social institutions and how these simplify the individual's choices related to knowledge and tasks. Specifically, he examines rules, learning and evolution in neo-institutional economics. The book breaks new ground on the role of the social sciences, and economics in particular, and suggests a move away from neoclassical economics towards a more definite link between economics, psychology and the artificial sciences. The book will be warmly welcomed by institutional and evolutionary economists, and those working in the field of economic psychology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Foreword (massimo egidi) -- Introduction -- Part I: Hayek's criticism to the neoclassical paradigm -- 1. Neoclassical paradigm and the anomaly of the austrian school -- 2. Hayek on competition and knowledge -- 3. Mind and institutions -- Part II: Simon's criticism: From substantive rationality to procedural rationality -- 4. Bounded rationality -- 5. Optimizing and "satisficing" -- 6. Problem-solving -- 7. Decision-making process: Procedural rationality and learning -- 8. Economics and psychology -- Part III: Neoinstitutionalism: Rules, learning and evolution -- 9. The implications of the neurobiological approach for economic theory (i): The decision-making process -- 10. The implications of the neurobiological approach for economic theory (ii): The process of exchange -- 11. The implications of the neurobiological approach for economic theory (iii): "path-dependency" -- 12. Transaction costs and the new theory of the firm -- 13. Evolution, organizations and institutions -- References -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages [169]-190) and index
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781782541325
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 197 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Valdés, Benigno, 1953 - Economic growth
    DDC: 338.9
    RVK:
    Keywords: Wachstumstheorie ; Monetäre Wachstumstheorie ; Wirtschaftliche Konvergenz ; Theorie ; Economic development ; Economic policy ; Economic development ; Wachstumstheorie ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: Economic Growth is an advanced undergraduate text written specifically for one semester courses in growth theory and for first year graduate students to refresh their knowledge. It will also be of great use for scholars and professional economists as the text contains many references to practical policy issues. The author condenses the fundamental issues of growth theory and covers the new ideas in a highly entertaining text, written in a clear and accessible style
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Part I: Introduction -- 1. The "stylized facts" of economic growth -- Part II: The theory of economic growth with "exogenous" technical progress -- 2. the neoclassical model of economic growth -- 3. the hypothesis of convergence (i): Economies with the same steady state -- 4. the hypothesis of convergence (ii): Economies with different steady states -- 5. economic growth and social welfare: The "golden rules" of accumulation -- 6. Growth accounting and the solow residual -- Part III: The theory of economic growth with "endogenous" technical progress -- 7. learning-by-doing, knowledge spillovers and economic growth -- 8. schumpeterian models of economic growth -- Part IV: Concluding remarks -- 9. Theories of economic growth: "old" and "new" -- Mathematical appendices -- References -- Index.
    Note: "ICADE, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Spain" , Includes bibliographical references (pages 181-187) and index
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781035306107
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 222 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: Studies in comparative economic systems
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Müller, Katharina, 1967 - The political economy of pension reform in Central-Eastern Europe
    DDC: 331.25/22/094309049
    RVK:
    Keywords: Rentenreform ; Altersvorsorge ; Ungarn ; Polen ; Tschechien ; Old age pensions ; Pensions ; Europe, Central Social policy ; Hochschulschrift ; Visegrád-Staaten ; Rentenreform ; Geschichte 1989-1997
    Abstract: This highly topical book focuses on a particularly interesting area of post-1989 social policy. Existing public pension systems in Central-Eastern Europe underwent fundamental change as Latin-American style pension reforms were adopted. Such radical change in retirement provision defied conventional wisdom among scholars of the political economy of pension reform, suggesting a need for fresh research. This unique study accepts the challenge, focusing on the divergent pension reform experiences of Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic. This study was granted the EACES Award 2000, a bi-annual prize awarded in the area of comparative economic systems and economics of transition. It has also been awarded the Ed. A. Hewett Prize by the AAASS (American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies)
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. Reforming old-age security: Design choices and policy blueprints -- 3. Approaching the political economy of pension reform -- 4. Pension reform in Hungary -- 5. Pension reform in Poland -- 6. Pension reform in the Czech Republic -- 7. Central-eastern European pension reforms in a comparative perspective -- 8. Conclusions: The political economy of pension reform in central-eastern Europe -- References -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 182-217) and index
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  • 12
    ISBN: 9781781959817
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 417 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Bioeconomics and sustainability
    DDC: 333.7
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Bioökonomik ; Evolutionsökonomik ; Thermodynamischer Ansatz ; Entropie ; Ressourcenökonomik ; Theorie ; Environmental economics ; Sustainable development ; Economics ; Human ecology ; Entropy ; Festschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Bibliografie ; Georgescu-Roegen, Nicholas 1906-1994 ; Wirtschaftstheorie ; Umweltökonomie ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Georgescu-Roegen, Nicholas 1906-1994 ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Georgescu-Roegen, Nicholas 1906-1994 ; Umweltökonomie ; Biologische Umweltlehre ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen was described by Paul Samuelson as 'an economist's economist'. This book honors him by discussing his theories on a wide range of issues but particularly on environmental and energy economics. It is a dynamic tribute which extends his work to address the problems the human race will face in the 21st century. The book shows how Georgescu-Roegen constructed nothing less than an almost complete theoretical alternative to neoclassical economics. Although best-known for his later work as an environmentalist and his work on energy and material transformation, Georgescu-Roegen also made seminal contributions to the economic theory of utility and production and is considered to be one of the founders of modern mathematical economics. In this book an internationally acclaimed group of contributors including Joan Martinez-Alier, William H. Miernyk, Herman Daly and Cutler Cleveland present discussions on environmental and energy economics as well as mathematical economics, economic development and peasant economies, and bioeconomics. This book serves as an excellent all-inclusive introduction to the work of one of the great economists of the 20th century. This celebration of the contributions made by Georgescu-Roegen will be of interest to environmental and natural resource economists, as well as social and economic theorists. With a dedication by Wassily Leontief and a foreword by Paul Samuelson
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Foreword by Paul Samuelson -- 1. Introduction -- 2. How long can neoclassical economists ignore the contributions of Georgescu-Roegen? -- 3. From political economy to political ecology -- 4. Georgescu-Roegen's evolutionary economics -- 5. Economic growth theory and the georgescu-roegen paradigm -- 6. Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen's approach to economic value -- 7. Georgescu-Roegen on consumer theory -- 8. Biophysical economics -- 9. From agrarianism to entropy -- 10. Embodied energy analysis, Sraffa's analysis, Georgescu-Roegen's flow-fund model and viability of solar technology -- 11. Production and time -- 12. A theory of resilient flow-fund linkages -- 13. The passage from entropy to thermodynamic indeterminacy -- 14. Biophysical roots of 'enjoyment of life' according to Georgescu-Roegen's bioeconomic paradigm -- 15. The role of entropy and energy in natural resource economics -- 16. Five conditions for sustainable living systems -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 13
    ISBN: 9781035303502
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 354 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: New horizons in environmental economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Global environmental change and agriculture
    DDC: 338.1/4
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Klimawandel ; Umweltbelastung ; Welt ; Landwirtschaft ; Global environmental change ; Climatic changes ; Agriculture Environmental aspects ; Environmental auditing ; Bibliografie ; Landwirtschaftsentwicklung ; Klimaänderung
    Abstract: Global Environmental Change and Agriculture offers a comprehensive perspective on the causes, consequences and possible policy solutions for climatic change as we move into the twenty-first century. It assesses the impact of potential future global climate change on agriculture and the need to sustain agricultural growth for economic development. The book begins by examining the role of international research institutions in overcoming environmental constraints on sustainable agricultural growth and economic development. The authors then discuss how agricultural research systems may be restructured to respond to global environmental problems such as climate change and loss of genetic diversity. The discussion then extends to consider environmental accounting and indexing, to illustrate how environmental quality can be included formally in measures of national income, social welfare and sustainability. The third part of the book focuses on the effects of and policy responses to climate change. Chapters examine the effect of climate change on production, trade, land use patterns and livelihoods. They consider impacts on the distribution of income between developed and developing countries and between different social classes within the developing world, where agriculture remains a major economic activity. Authors take on an economy-wide perspective to draw lessons for agricultural, trade, land use and tax policy. This book will be of special interest to agricultural, development and environmental economists as well as policy analysts in government and at international agencies confronting practical problems of environmental and economic assessment
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction -- Part I: Global environmental change: Implications for agricultural research systems -- 2. Research systems for sustainable agricultural development -- 3. Agricultural diversity: Do we have the resources to meet future needs? -- Part II: Environmental accounting and Indexing -- 4. Environmental distortions and welfare consequences in a social accounting matrix framework -- 5. Environmental accounting and agriculture -- 6. Vulnerability of crops to climate change: A practical method of Indexing -- Part III: Climate change: Adaptation and mitigation -- 7. Assessing research on the impacts of climate change on agriculture -- 8. Climate change and agriculture: Effects on developing countries -- 9. Climate change, world agriculture and land use -- 10. Carbon abatement: Lessons from second-best economics.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781782543770
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 118 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: New directions in modern economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Webster, Elizabeth The economics of intangible investment
    DDC: 332.6
    Keywords: Immaterielle Werte ; Immaterielle Güter ; Humankapital ; Kapitalanlage ; Theorie ; Investition ; Investments ; Capital ; Risk ; Uncertainty ; Human capital ; Industrial organization (Economic theory) ; Immaterielle Investition
    Abstract: The amount of physical matter in the world is fixed and improvements to people's material circumstances are only created by their ability to reconfigure this matter. What distinguishes labour, and subsequently what allows for differing increments of value, are our capabilities, skills and understandings. In addition, the way society synchronises these individual talents and pieces of knowledge is significant. This innovative book sheds new light on the emerging confluence between labour and industrial economics: the view that labour as capital is the dominant factor of production. This factor is commonly embraced under the term intangible capital. This book examines the process by which firms accumulate intangible capital assets using a post-Keynesian perspective. It will be of interest to labour and industrial economists, especially those who favour post-Keynesian and Kaleckian economic thought
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. Historic conception of investment and capital -- 3. Contemporary conception of investment -- 4. Uncertainty and risk -- 5. Competition -- 6. Empirical evidence -- 7. The firm's investment decision -- 8. Integration into macrodynamics -- 9. Concluding remarks -- References -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 103-113) and index
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  • 15
    ISBN: 9781782543589
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 194 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von The governance of privatization funds
    DDC: 338.943
    RVK:
    Keywords: Privatisierung ; Investmentfonds ; Corporate Governance ; Tschechien ; Polen ; Slowenien ; Privatization ; Privatization ; Privatization ; Corporate governance ; Corporate governance ; Corporate governance ; Privatization Czech Republic ; Corporate governance Czech Republic ; Privatization Poland ; Corporate governance Poland ; Privatization Slovenia ; Corporate governance Slovenia ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Tschechien ; Privatisierung ; Polen ; Privatisierung ; Slowenien ; Privatisierung ; Osteuropa ; Privatisierung ; Privatisierung ; Corporate Governance
    Abstract: Privatization investment funds are the key feature of mass privatization programmes in transitional economies. This book offers a thorough survey of mass privatization programmes in the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovenia, supported with extensive empirical analysis. The study of 'top-down' privatization funds in Poland and 'bottom-up' funds in the Czech Republic and Slovenia offers different solutions to the problem of how to improve the governance of privatization funds. The authors argue that the institutional structure of closed-end investment companies and open-end mutual funds has not provided the right incentives to maximize the value for the shareholders. In addition too many regulations are in place in underdeveloped markets to protect new shareholders unaccustomed to exercising their ownership rights. Instead, the authors argue that they need to promote adjustment in fund portfolios and ownership structures in order to spur the development of capital markets and effective mechanisms of corporate governance
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction -- 1. The governance of privatization funds in the Czech Republic -- 2. The governance of privatization funds in Poland -- 3. The governance of privatization funds in Slovenia -- Part I: The role of privatization funds in privatization and post-privatization -- Part II: Transformation of privatization funds -- Part III: Management companies and issues of governance of privatization funds -- Part IV: The governance of privatization funds with special reference to the role of supervisory boards -- 4. The impact of privatization funds on corporate governance in mass privatization schemes: The Czech Republic, Poland and Slovenia -- 5. The governance of privatization funds: Open issues and policy recommendations -- References -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 181-187) and index
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  • 16
    ISBN: 9781781959985
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 244 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Financial constraints and markets failures
    DDC: 330.15/6
    RVK:
    Keywords: Neoklassische Synthese ; Marktversagen ; Finanzmarkt ; Unvollkommener Markt ; Kreditrationierung ; Theorie ; Keynesian economics ; Neoclassical school of economics ; Macroeconomics ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Neokeynesianismus
    Abstract: This innovative book shows how new Keynesian economics has reacted to the challenges of new classical economics. It argues that new Keynesian economists have responded positively to the challenge and strengthened the analytical power of their models. The first part of the book offers a critical reconstruction of the two crucial strains developed in new Keynesian economics. Firstly, the analysis of nominal and real rigidities based on imperfect competition in markets and secondly the analysis of capital market imperfections based on information asymetries. The authors argue that the constraints and market failures of new Keynesian models need to be specified. In the second part they focus on the financial constraint of credit rationing, the market failure of unemployment equilibria and the links between financial constraints and the workings of the labour market in economic cycles. The analysis of this does not provide a solution to all the analytical problems of the new Keynesian framework, but assesses the strengths and weaknesses of new Keynesian economics. The authors suggest that new Keynesian economics has opened a promising path of research which could make a pathbreaking contribution to macroeconomic theory
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- 1. The new Keynesian economics: A survey -- 2. An investigation into the new Keynesian macroeconomics of imperfect capital markets -- 3. New Keynesian economics and sequence analysis -- 4. Credit rationing with loans of variable size -- 5. Market imperfections, unemployment equilibria and nominal rigidities -- 6. Nominal shocks, net worth and economic activity: A new Keynesian view of the monetary transmission mechanism -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 17
    ISBN: 9781781008638
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xv, 464 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Granstrand, Ove, 1944 - The economics and management of intellectual property
    DDC: 338.9/26
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Immaterialgüterrechte ; Patent ; Patentrecht ; Technologietransfer ; Multinationales Unternehmen ; Strategisches Management ; Welt ; Technology transfer Economic aspects ; Intellectual property ; Geistiges Eigentum ; Japan ; Technologietransfer ; Industrial property Japan ; Intellectual property Economic aspects ; Technologietransfer ; Geistiges Eigentum
    Abstract: This unique book - informed by ten years' research - focuses on intellectual property and charts the global transition towards intellectual capitalism with technology-based corporations as prime movers. The book gives a comprehensive overview of the history and fundamentals of intellectual property as well as a textbook introduction to the field. The book sheds new light on the economics and management of intellectual property in large corporations in Europe, Japan and the US. Special emphasis is given to strategies for the acquisition and commercialization of new technologies, patent strategies and strategies for secrecy and trademark, technology intelligence and corporate management of intellectual property. It includes an in-depth study of leading large corporations in Japan - including Canon, Hitachi, Toshiba and Sony. In conclusion, it explores the possible evolution of intellectual property management towards a distributed intellectual capital management in the context of a wider transition to intellectual capitalism, fueled by new technologies in general and new infocom technologies in particular. The book will have particular appeal to practitioners such as managers, economists, engineers and lawyers as well as students and scholars of industrial organization, economics of innovation and technical change, and management of technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- 1. From intellectual property to intellectual capitalism -- 2. Philosophy and history of intellectual property -- 3. Patents and intellectual property: A general framework -- 4. The technology-based firm: A general framework -- 5. Japanese patenting - an overview -- 6. Technology and commercialization strategies -- 7. Intellectual property policies and strategies -- 8. Intellectual property organization and management -- 9. Analysis of patent information -- 10. Intellectual capitalism and beyond -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 421-448) and indexes
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  • 18
    ISBN: 9781781959855
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 196 pages) , illustrations, maps
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Innovation and technological change in Eastern Europe
    DDC: 338/.064
    RVK:
    Keywords: Innovation ; Forschung ; Systemtransformation ; Osteuropa ; Technological innovations Congresses ; Europe, Eastern Economic conditions ; 1989- ; Europe, Eastern Congresses Economic policy ; Konferenzschrift ; Osteuropa ; Wirtschaftsreform ; Technischer Fortschritt ; Innovation ; Osteuropa ; Technische Innovation ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: Research suggests that innovation and technological change are crucial for the economic recovery of the former centrally planned countries in Central and Eastern Europe. This book analyses the development of innovation systems and technology policy in this region from various perspectives, demonstrating not only its importance but also its complexity. Included in the book are discussions on: * the process of transforming the innovation systems in Central and Eastern Europe * a comparison of R&D between 'East' and 'West' * gradualism versus 'Big Bang' as the preferable strategy for reform * innovation at the firm level * productivity and competitiveness * the ability to identify and exploit external knowledge in adopting up-to-date technology The authors conclude that rebuilding innovation systems in Central and Eastern Europe will require considerable time, and that there is no 'best practice' or ideal strategy which can be clearly recommended. This book will be warmly welcomed by scholars working in the fields of transition studies, innovation and technology, as well as policy makers involved in designing technology policy in transition economies
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Innovation and transformation in post-socialist eastern Europe -- 2. Innovation systems in transition -- 3. Divergence or convergence in research and development and innovation between 'east' and 'west'? -- 4. The big bang as a motivating device -- 5. Innovation as a means of market entry and survival for firms from former socialist countries -- 6. Innovation and transformation -- 7. The inherited and emerging absorptive capacities of firms - results of a business survey in the Estonian electronics industry -- 8. Export reorientation and transfer of know-how and technology - the case of Hungarian manufactured exports -- 9. Human capital and innovation in eastern and western Germany -- 10. Innovation in manufacturing industry - an east west comparison -- Index.
    Note: Collection of contributions to a conference on "Innovation and Transformation," held at the Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany, in the late summer of 1996--Acknowledgements , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 19
    ISBN: 9781035303977
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (viii, 155 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Beard, Thomas Randolph Economics, entropy and the environment
    DDC: 333.7
    Keywords: Georgescu-Roegen, Nicholas ; Georgescu-Roegen, Nicholas ; Georgescu-Roegen, Nicholas ; Entropie ; Thermodynamischer Ansatz ; Bioökonomik ; Theorie ; USA ; Economists ; Environmental economics ; Entropy ; Human ecology ; Economists United States ; Environmental economics ; Entropy ; Human ecology ; Bibliografie ; Georgescu-Roegen, Nicholas 1906-1994 ; USA ; Wirtschaftswissenschaftler ; Umweltökonomie ; Humanökologie
    Abstract: This extraordinary book provides a critical review of the work of Nicholas Georgesçu-Roegen in conventional economics, environmental economics and methodology. Particular attention is paid to the role of thermodynamics in Georgesçu-Roegen's economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Foreword by herman e. Daly -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Nicholas georgesçu-roegen: A scholarly refugee -- 3. Georgesçu-roegen's epistemology and economic methodology -- 4. Georgesçu-roegen and "normal science" -- 5. An economist's primer on thermodynamics -- 6. Thermodynamics and georgesçu-roegen's economics -- 7. Bioeconomics -- 8. Conclusion -- Bibliography -- References -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index , Includes bibliographical references (pages 147-152) and index
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  • 20
    ISBN: 9781035303793
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 261 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Environmental regulation and market power
    DDC: 333.7
    Keywords: Umweltpolitik ; Umweltökonomik ; Marktmacht ; Wettbewerb ; Offene Volkswirtschaft ; Theorie ; Welt ; Environmental impact charges ; Environmental policy ; Competition ; International trade ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Umweltabgabe ; Marktstruktur ; Umweltpolitik ; Außenhandel ; Wettbewerb
    Abstract: Emissions taxes, tradeable emission permits and voluntary compliance policies are becoming the instruments of choice in controlling environmental problems at the national and international level. Careful design of these policies in second-best environments is a very important factor for their success. This book uses cutting-edge research in order to appraise their efficiency in varying market conditions. This book evaluates the impact that market power could have on the implementation of market-based environmental policies within static, dynamic and open economy frameworks. It explores the potential negative impacts that market-based instruments could have on competitiveness and examines the effects that time inconsistency in the implementation of emission taxes and emission permits could have on environmental innovation. Utilizing open economy frameworks, the contributors also analyse the impact of market imperfections on the structure of environmental polices across countries. They advocate co-operation across countries as a means to maximise the benefits from these policies. Environmental Regulation and Market Power will prove invaluable to scholars and policymakers in the area of environmental studies
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction -- 1. Emission taxes for price setting firms: Differentiated commodities and monopolistic competition -- 2. Minimum quality standard as an environmental policy: Domestic and international effects -- 3. Emissions permits trading and market structure -- 4. Experimental tests of market power in emission trading markets -- 5. The competitive implications of facility-specific environmental agreements: The intel corporation and project xl -- 6. Environmental policy and time consistency: Emission taxes and emissions trading -- 7. Does government precommitment promote environmental innovation? -- 8. Diffusion of abatement technologies in a differentiated industry -- 9. Pollution, pigouvian taxes and asymmetric international oligopoly -- 10. R&d cooperation, innovation spillovers and firm location in a model of environmental policy -- 11. Relative standards as strategic instruments in open economies -- 12. Ecological dumping: Harmonization and minimum standards -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781781959596
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 341 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Rochon, Louis-Philippe Credit, money and production
    DDC: 332.4
    RVK:
    Keywords: Geldtheorie ; Kredittheorie ; Keynesianismus ; Postkeynesianismus ; Kritik ; Theorie ; Money ; Credit ; Keynesian economics ; Kredittheorie ; Credit ; Macroeconomics ; Makroökonomie ; Neokeynesianismus ; Keynessche Theorie ; Geldtheorie
    Abstract: This thought-provoking book clearly and systematically analyses the post-Keynesian approaches to endogenous money and, in doing so, provides an informed critique of the development of post-Keynesian economics. Using a horizontalist perspective the author offers an historical overview of the post-Keynesian and circuit approaches to endogenous money, starting with a comprehensive survey of the Franco-Italian circuit school. He argues that rather than emphasizing the early writings of Minsky, Kaldor and Tobin in the 1950s and of Davidson and Rousseas later, post-Keynesians ought to have followed the writings of Joan Robinson and Richard Kahn who offered far better theories of credit-money. The author then compares the current post-Keynesian structuralist theory with New Keynesian monetary thought. In conclusion, he develops an innovative theory of banking based on Keynesian uncertainty and consistent with the horizontalist tradition taking into account credit restraints, crunches and creditworthiness. This book will be illuminating to scholars of post-Keynesian economics, macroeconomics, and history of economic thought
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- Introduction -- 1. The franco-italian circuitists: Credit, money and production -- 2. Credit, money and post-Keynesian theory: Clarifications of familiar themes -- 3. The early views of "endogenous" money: Minsky, kaldor and tobin -- 4. The early views of "endogenous" money revisited: Davidson and rousseas versus robinson and kahn -- 5. Horizontalists and structuralists: Credit and endogenous "money" -- 6. Post-Keynesians and orthodoxy: "neo" post-Keynesians? -- 7. New Keynesian monetary theory and the transmission mechanism: A comparison with post-Keynesian theory -- 8. A post-Keynesian/circuitist theory of banks: Uncertainty, creditworthiness, and the supply of credit -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 301-329) and index
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781035304028
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 250 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: New thinking in political economy
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Voigt, Stefan, 1962 - Explaining constitutional change
    DDC: 338.9
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Verfassungsökonomik ; Institutioneller Wandel ; Theorie ; Constitutional law Economic aspects ; Economic policy ; Social choice ; Constitutional law Economic aspects ; Economic policy ; Social choice ; Politische Ökonomie ; Wirtschaftsverfassung ; Verfassungsänderung ; Ökonomische Theorie der Verfassung
    Abstract: This book aims to extend the current research and debate in constitutional economics by using a positive economics approach. Born out of discontent with the current state in constitutional economics, this book presents an inquiry in the possibilities of a positive constitutional economics, and how societies choose their constitutional rules. Drawing on economics, the book examines the emergence of constitutions and how and why they change over time. The author proposes that model constitutions are based on, and backed by institutions which have developed spontaneously. He presents some predictions on the scope of constitutional change under various constitutional settings and factors which cause constitutional change. Stefan Voigt concludes that constitutional change is reconceptualized as the outcome of a bargaining game, in which changes reflect the altered bargaining power of the actors. This book will be welcomed by academics working in the fields of political economy, law and economics as well as those from the public choice and new institutional schools of thought
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- 1. A new research program emerges: Constitutional economics -- 2. Two competing approaches to constitutional economics - a comparison of buchanan and hayek -- 3. The possibility of positive constitutional economics -- 4. Positive constitutional economics - a survey -- 5. Breaking with the notion of social contract: Constitutions as based on spontaneously arisen institutions -- 6. Bargaining for constitutional change - towards an economic theory of constitutional change -- 7. Implicit constitutional change - changing the meaning of the constitution without changing the text of the document -- 8. Constitutional competition - foreign factors causing constitutional change? -- 9. Outlook: Connecting positive constitutional economics with the theory of economic policy -- References -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 219-242) and index
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781782542018
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 214 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Creedy, John, 1949 - Modelling indirect taxes and tax reform
    DDC: 336.2/00994
    RVK:
    Keywords: Indirekte Besteuerung ; Steuerreform ; Steuerwirkung ; Wohlfahrtsanalyse ; Umverteilung ; Australien ; Partielles Gleichgewicht ; Theorie ; Indirect taxation ; Taxation ; Welfare economics ; Indirect taxation Australia ; Taxation Australia ; Welfare economics ; Indirekte Steuer ; Steuerreform
    Abstract: Indirect taxes have become an increasingly important revenue-raising tool for governments in developed countries. In this book, John Creedy applies his wealth of experience and expertise to the analysis of indirect taxes and, in particular, concentrates on the modelling of indirect tax reform and its distributional implications. Initially, he examines the implications of alternative indirect tax systems and provides an introductory survey of various measures of welfare change and excess burden in the context of indirect taxes. He pays particular attention to the measurement issues involved and uses partial equilibrium models to uncover various aspects of tax reform. Specifically, he: * addresses the questions of measuring welfare changes arising from price changes * examines the built-in flexibility of various forms of consumption taxation * calculates the possible redistributive effects of indirect taxes and illustrates his methods using case study examples of the indirect tax system in Australia * examines the horizontal inequity of different consumption taxes * considers the optimal direction of small changes in indirect tax rates * analyses the positive and negative effects of a carbon tax Modelling Indirect Taxes and Tax Reform will be useful to scholars and policymakers interested in public economics and finance and modelling taxes
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Part I: Introduction -- 1. Introduction and outline -- Part II: Theory and concepts -- 2. Income and consumption taxes -- 3. Prices, taxes and welfare changes -- 4. Welfare changes and budget data -- 5. Built-in flexibility of indirect taxes -- Part III: Applications -- 6. Tax reform and demographic groups -- 7. The limits to redistribution -- 8. Indirect taxes and horizontal inequity -- 9. Marginal indirect tax reform -- 10. Carbon taxation -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references (pages 199-212) and index
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  • 24
    ISBN: 9781035304042
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xviii, 443 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Economics, welfare policy and the history of economic thought
    DDC: 330
    Keywords: Heertje, Arnold ; Wirtschaftstheorie ; Wirtschaftswissenschaft ; Ökonomische Ideengeschichte ; Theorie ; Economics ; Economics History ; Welfare economics ; Technological innovations Economic aspects ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wirtschaftswissenschaften ; Wohlfahrtstheorie ; Geschichte
    Abstract: In this book, internationally renowned scholars, including two Nobel Laureates, have been drawn together to celebrate Arnold Heertje's rich contribution to the field of economics. Their essays reflect his influence in the areas of economic theory and policy. In particular, they follow in the tradition of his work on oligopoly and price theory, welfare theory and policy, growth theory, environmental economics, technical change and the history of economic thought and methodology. The contributors offer penetrating insights into the structure and functioning of different types of market structures and the character of technical change. In addition, they address current topics such as the recent problems in East Asian economies, the money supply in the European Monetary Union and economic development. Finally, they pay tribute to Arnold Heertje's work on the history of economic thought, discussing the writings of David Ricardo, the German historical school, Herbert Robinson, Alfred Marshall and Herbert Foxwell. This book will attract economic theorists, and scholars and students who are interested in the history of economic thought or in empirical subjects such as the policy implications of studies of labour markets, property rights and European Monetary Union
    Description / Table of Contents: Full Contents: Introduction -- Part I: Economic theory -- 1. A cooperative theory of duopoly -- 2. A commodity flow model of flexible exchange rates with overshooting in response to inflation -- 3. The market for oranges -- 4. Complications in the model of a perfectly competitive firm and industry -- 5. Models of the market -- 6. Revisiting the schumpeter-hypotheses: Firm size, market structure and technological regime -- 7. Technical change and economic growth: The case of "catch-up" -- 8. Coordination, technical progress and economic growth -- 9. Reswitching: Simplifying a famous example -- Part II: Economic policy and applied economics -- 10. Labour market 'flexibility' and welfare -- 11. On substitutability among domestic money and cross-border deposits -- 12. The role of international financial institutions in the current global economy -- 13. The coase theorem and the cooperative nash bargaining game -- 14. On property rights and their modification -- 15. Economic development in Europe, 1960-1996 -- 16. Different data sources for studying behaviour -- 17. Economy and morality: A conceptual framework -- Part III: History of economic thought -- 18. -- Ricardo's misunderstood value theory and the readability of the principles -- 19. Sherlock holmes and the swarthy German: The case of inanely 'transforming' mehrwert to prices -- 20. Alfred marshall and herbert somerton foxwell: A tale of two libraries -- 21. The after-glow of the German historical school, 1945-1960 -- 22. An economist turned entrepreneur -- 23. Authority systems and schools of economic thought -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 25
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781035303830
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 206 pages)
    Edition: Revised English edition
    Uniform Title: Adam Smith en de economische wetenschap
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Peil, Jan Adam Smith and economic science
    DDC: 330.15/3
    RVK:
    Keywords: Smith, Adam ; Smith, Adam ; Smith, Adam ; Wirtschaftstheorie ; Ökonomische Ideengeschichte ; Theorie ; Economists ; Smith, Adam 1723-1790
    Abstract: Since the celebration of the bicentenary of The Wealth of Nations, the last twenty years have seen a burgeoning interest in Adam Smith's contribution to economics. Jan Peil's book aims to provide a new model for interpreting Smith's contribution to economic science. This model elucidates Smith's vision of the free market economy by placing it in the historical circumstances of the time. In the first part of the book the author discusses how we should read Smith and outlines the new hermeneutical model of interpretation of his economic thought. For example, in reviewing The Wealth of Nations, the author places Smith's work firmly in the context of moral philosophy and the debate on the sense and meaning of the emerging commercial society which was taking place in the 18th century. In discussing Smith's economics, the author clearly focuses on the question: why should we re-read Smith and according to which model of interpretation? Finally, he discusses the relevance of reinterpreting Smith's economics as part of moral philosophy for today's debate on the principles of economics. This innovative book will be of great interest to historians of economic thought and political economy, scholars and students of the philosophy and methodology of economics and all those interested in Adam Smith and his relevance for economics today
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- Introduction -- Part I: An adam smith renaissance anno 1976 -- Part II: A contextual approach to the wealth of nations -- Part III: Mutual sympathy and commerce -- Part IV: The invisible hand and mutual sympathy -- Part V: Adam smith and the crisis of modern economics -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Note: Rev. English ed , Includes bibliographical references (pages [178]-199) and index
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  • 26
    ISBN: 9781035303915
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xix, 379 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: New horizons in environmental economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Dhanda, Kanwalroop Kathy, 1970 - Environmental networks
    DDC: 333.7
    RVK:
    Keywords: Umweltökonomik ; Oligopol ; Mehrproduktfertigung ; Verkehrsweg ; Emissionshandel ; Räumlicher Wettbewerb ; Theorie ; Environmental policy Economic aspects ; Environmental economics ; Economic development Environmental aspects ; Environmental policy Economic aspects ; Environmental economics ; Economic development Environmental aspects ; Umweltökonomie ; Umweltpolitik ; Umweltökonomie ; Umweltaudit
    Abstract: This original book presents a new basis for environmental policymaking: environmental networks. This framework graphically simplifies the analysis of environmental problems and emphasizes the spatial nature of economic activity and pollution dispersion. The book first discusses the foundations of environmental economics before going on to apply the environmental network approach to different firm structures. The authors then extend the analysis to incorporate multiple products and pollutants, the presence of transaction costs, the availability of investment in production technologies, and the issue of noncompliance versus compliance. They also apply the network approach to pollution caused by transportation and assess the success of permits in limiting this. The authors then formulate integrated models, analyzing the use of permits and taxes in firms, producers, and consumers, as well as transportation and trade routes. This book will be of interest to students, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in environmental and transport economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Part I: Introduction and overview -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Foundations of environmental economics -- 3. Methodological foundations -- Part II: Firms and the environment -- 4. Pollution permit models for single-product, single-pollutant firms -- 5. Multiproduct, multipollutant firms with transaction costs -- 6. Oligopolistic markets and technological investments -- 7. Noncompliant oligopolistic firms: Statics and dynamics -- Part III: Transportation and the environment -- 8. Environmental targets and single-modal traffic networks -- 9. Environmental targets and multimodal traffic networks -- 10. Emission pollution permits for transportation networks -- 11. Multimodal network permits: Compliance versus noncompliance -- Part IV: Spatial price networks and the environment -- 12. Environmental targets and spatial price networks -- 13. Pollution permits and spatial price networks -- 14. Spatial oligopolies and pollution permits -- Glossary.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 27
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781035303878
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (x, 140 pages) , illustrations
    Uniform Title: Staat im Bankwesen
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Sinn, Hans-Werner, 1948 - The German state banks
    DDC: 332.1/0943
    RVK:
    Keywords: Öffentliche Bank ; Staatliche Einflussnahme ; Bank ; Wettbewerb ; Bankenregulierung ; Marktversagen ; Effizienz ; Privatisierung ; Deutschland ; Banks and banking ; Banks and banking Government policy ; Bankpolitik ; Deutschland ; Landesbank ; Wettbewerbsvorteil ; Interventionismus ; Kreditwesen ; Staatsbank
    Abstract: The German state banks - or Landesbanks - are not only some of the largest banks in Germany but are also a dominant force in the international banking sector. These state-owned banks enjoy special privileges and government support which have made them major players in the global arena of banking and finance. Protected by the German taxpayer's seemingly bottomless pockets in the form of state warranties, Landesbanks are able to take part in financing some of the largest projects in the world. They occupy nearly fifty per cent of the top places in both Moody's and Standard and Poor's international rankings. Professor Sinn critically scrutinizes the privileges of the German Landesbanks and questions the justification of government intervention in the banking sector. He predicts that European integration and the introduction of the euro will lead to a fierce take-over battle between Europe's banks. He argues that, given the state warranties, it seems likely that the German Landesbanks will be among the winners in this battle and concludes that the German public banking system has grown far larger than is appropriate for a market economy. This timely book addresses issues of concern for European bankers and policymakers alike. It will also be of interest to students and scholars of financial economics, European integration and money and banking
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- 1. European integration and the landesbanks -- 2. The government in the German banking system -- 3. The competitive advantages of the public banks -- 4. Is government intervention in the banking sector justified? - irrelevant arguments -- 5. Should the government insure banks? -- 6. A plea for the reform of the capital market.
    Note: Rev. translation of: Der Staat im Bankwesen , Includes bibliographical references (pages 130-134) and indexes
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  • 28
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781035303779
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xi, 202 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Global money, capital restructuring and the changing patterns of labour
    DDC: 331.12
    RVK:
    Keywords: Arbeitsmarkt ; Arbeitslosigkeit ; Strukturelle Arbeitslosigkeit ; Investition ; Kapital ; Globalisierung ; Arbeitsteilung ; Theorie ; Welt ; Labor market Congresses ; Saving and investment Congresses ; Money Congresses ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Geld ; Kapitalbewegung ; Bibliografie ; Konferenzschrift 1997 ; Arbeitsmarkt ; Geldmarkt ; Globalisierung
    Abstract: The last two decades have seen a reshaping of the international economy together with a radical weakening in the conditions of the working class. New productive techniques and methods in the organization of labour have been implemented on a world-wide scale partly as a consequence of the financialization of capital. The geographical diffusion of market relations has continued and with it the dominance of capital in all realms of social reproduction. In charting this change, the book offers an alternative view of contemporary capitalism. It has been suggested that we are entering a new phase where the 'globalization' of economic activities is fully achieved, where 'post-Fordist' regulation has overcome the crisis of Keynesian capitalism, and where the dominant tendency is towards the 'end of work'. In contrast to this view, the authors of this book argue that current internationalization is not a structure, but a contradictory process and that new patterns in the division of labour while successful in increasing the pressure over workers have not been able to supersede Fordism entirely. They conclude that the slow growth of the economies, caused by neoliberal economic policies, is a crucial factor in explaining unemployment and the fragmentation of labour
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction -- 1. After fordism, what? Capitalism at the end of the century -- 2. Structural unemployment in the crisis of the late twentieth century -- 3. Which Europe do we need now? which can we get? -- 4. Britain under 'new labour' -- 5. The euro and Europe's labour -- 6. The accumulation process in Japan and east Asia as compared with the role of Germany in European post-war growth -- 7. Historical notes on the rise and fall of fordism and flexible accumulation in the United States -- 8. Lean production in North America -- 9. Management-by-stress and skilled work -- 10. Is technical change the cause of unemployment? -- 11. Intensive and extensive investment, employment and working time in the European Union -- 12. The transformation of the Italian labour market -- 13. Changing patterns in the division of labour and in the segmentation of the labour force -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 29
    ISBN: 9781035303762
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvii, 247 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von The impact of Keynes on economics in the 20th century
    DDC: 330.15/6
    RVK:
    Keywords: Keynes, John Maynard ; Keynesianismus ; Ökonomische Ideengeschichte ; Theorie ; Welt ; Keynesian economics ; Economics Congresses History 20th century ; Keynesian economics ; Konferenzschrift ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Keynes, John Maynard 1883-1946 ; Keynessche Theorie
    Abstract: The Impact of Keynes on Economics in the 20th Century reconsiders the nature and significance of Keynes's theories and economic policies. It provides important contrasting interpretations of Keynesian thought, and illustrates the diversity of Keynesianism in different European countries throughout the century. The book provides a blend of theoretical and historical discussions to evaluate the contents and implications of Keynesianism. It includes reappraisals of modern interpretations of Keynes's thought, the extent to which Keynesian ideas were anticipated in different European countries and the reactions to the Keynesian revolution. In addition the authors consider the impact of Keynesian thought on institutions which embraced, rejected or developed alternatives to this school of thought. The book is divided into three main parts. The first addresses Keynesian theory. The second part presents an overall picture of Keynesian-type policies and theories throughout Europe; many of these were not necessarily stimulated by Keynes but were the outcome of national traditions and on-going debates. The third part is devoted to how Keynesian policy has been used by government and non-governmental organizations in an attempt to deal with unemployment and deflation during the twentieth century. The Impact of Keynes on Economics in the 20th Century will be welcomed by historians of economic thought, economic historians and those interested in Keynesian and post-Keynesian developments in Europe during this century
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- Introduction -- Part I: Theory -- 1. J.m. Keynes's 'revolution - the major event of twentieth-century economics? -- 2. Mr keynes and the moderns -- 3. The conditions for the reinstatement of Keynesian policy -- Part II: Keynesianism in European countries (before and after the general theory) -- 4. Keynes and the French guardians of say's law -- 5. Keynes before and after the general theory -- 6. Keynes's economic ideas in Spain before the general theory -- 7. The analysis of wages and unemployment revisited -- 8. Keynesianism in Italy -- 9. Keynesian elements in a long-term analysis -- Part III: Institutional discussions of Keynesian policies -- 10. The rationalization of industry as a controversial remedy for unemployment -- 11. Pre-Keynesian themes at brookings -- 12. The ILO and the league of nations -- 13. The beveridge retort -- Index.
    Note: Contains a selection of the papers that were presented to the first annual conference of ESHET, held in Marseilles, 1997 , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 30
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781035303885
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiii, 202 pages)
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Industrial competitiveness in East-Central Europe
    DDC: 338.947
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    Keywords: Internationaler Wettbewerb ; Organisatorischer Wandel ; Strukturwandel ; Ostmitteleuropa ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy) ; Industrial policy ; Industries ; Competition, International ; Post-communism ; Manufacturing industries Europe, Central ; Europe, Central Economic conditions ; Structural adjustment (Economic policy) Europe, Eastern ; Industrial policy Europe, Eastern ; Industries Europe, Eastern ; Competition, International ; Konferenzschrift 1997 ; Osteuropa ; Wirtschaftsreform ; Industrie ; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit
    Abstract: Will the manufacturing industry in east-central Europe survive when the host countries join the European Union? This controversial book challenges the assumption, made by the European Commission, that industries in transitional economies should have little difficulty establishing and maintaining a competitive position after entry into the European Union. The analysis focuses on Hungary, Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and the former east Germany. Issues discussed include: * changes in economic structures, the transformation of enterprises and financial restructuring * levels of competitiveness in the countries, the region and internationally * industrial policy in the region * levels and nature of investment * limits and sources of growth * integration into western Europe * dangers of over-hasty harmonization of macroeconomic conditions with the European Union The authors conclude that although the basic structures of a market economy are firmly established, the transition has not encouraged the development of more advanced industrial activities. They strongly suggest that there should be an active policy framework, based on international experience, specifically geared towards improving the international competitiveness of industry in east-central Europe
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- 1. The tigers of tomorrow? Structural change and economic growth in east-central Europe -- 2. Competitiveness in east-central Europe -- 3. The macroeconomics of structural transformation -- 4. Financing enterprise restructuring -- 5. Investment and restructuring -- 6. Towards a competitiveness policy in Slovakia -- 7. The transformation of czech enterprises -- 8. Innovation and the east German transformation -- 9. Are the transformations complete?.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 31
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781035303939
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 206 pages) , illustrations
    Series Statement: New horizons in environmental economics series
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Lee, Terence Richard Water management in the 21st century
    DDC: 333.91/009172/4
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    RVK:
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    Keywords: Wasserversorgung ; Wasserpolitik ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Deregulierung ; Privatisierung ; Industrieländer ; Entwicklungsländer ; Water-supply Economic aspects ; Water utilities Deregulation ; Privatization ; Water-supply Economic aspects ; Water utilities Deregulation ; Privatization ; Twenty-first century Forecasts ; Water-supply Economic aspects ; Water utilities Deregulation ; Privatization ; Water-supply Economic aspects ; Developing countries ; Water utilities Deregulation ; Developing countries ; Privatization Developing countries ; Twenty-first century Forecasts ; Water-supply Management ; Water-supply Forecasting ; Bibliografie ; Wasserwirtschaft ; Ressourcenallokation ; Zukunft ; Wasserversorgung
    Abstract: The challenge to manage the allocation of water efficiently and equably will become a dominant theme of the new millennium. At a time when the cost of obtaining fresh water is rising throughout the globe, Terence Lee analyses the means for establishing and operating effective water markets. He proposes the application of economic instruments and the transfer of water management administration to the private sector as a means to guarantee acceptable water quality in the future in both developed and developing countries. This treatment of water as an economic commodity implies a change in the traditional role of governments in water management. The themes explored in this book will be of interest to environmental and resource economists as well as practitioners and policymakers
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction -- 1. Confronting the scarcity of water -- 2. Institutional approaches towards water management -- 3. Allocating water among competing users -- 4. Private participation in water management -- 5. Regulation -- 6. Water management and the challenges of the 21st century -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 32
    ISBN: 9781035303670
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xiv, 263 pages) , illustrations, maps
    Series Statement: New horizons in environmental economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Tisdell, Clement A., 1939 - 2022 Biodiversity, conservation and sustainable development
    DDC: 333.95/16
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Artenvielfalt ; Umweltökonomik ; Naturschutz ; Naturschutzgebiet ; Theorie ; China ; Welt ; Asien ; Nature conservation Economic aspects ; Sustainable development ; Biodiversity conservation Economic aspects ; Nature conservation Case studies Economic aspects ; Sustainable development Case studies ; Nachhaltigkeit ; Umweltschutz ; Wirtschaft ; Problem ; Biodiversität ; Umweltverträglichkeit ; Artenschutz ; Naturschutz ; Fallstudie ; Asien ; China ; Indien ; Asien ; Naturschutz ; Nachhaltigkeit
    Abstract: This important book highlights the conflicts between economic growth and the conservation of nature in the context of sustainable development. It places particular emphasis on biological diversity and examines possible policies for resolving conflicts which arise from the contrasting goals of conserving the natural environment and economic growth. The book opens with an overview of the challenges of economics, nature conservation and sustainable development and goes on to discuss general principles and broad policies. Case studies from China and north-east India help illustrate important economic and social principles involved in nature conservation. General issues examined include: * the value of environmental and resource economics in planning sustainable development * the importance of biodiversity conservation for sustainable development and for the stability and sustainability of ecological systems * the impact of economic globalization and market systems on the conservation of nature * priorities for the financial support of protected areas * the extent to which ecotourism can be harnessed to reconcile economic utilisation of an area with nature conservation * the costs and benefits of conservation * financing the management of nature reserves This book will be essential reading for economists interested in the environment, ecology and development
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Preface -- Part I: An overview -- 1. Economics, nature conservation and sustainable development: An overview -- Part II: General principles and policies -- 2. Environmental and resource economics -- 3. Conservation of biodiversity -- 4. Biodiversity, stability and sustainability -- 5. Does the commercial use of wildlife favour conservation of biodiversity? -- 6. Conservation, protected areas and the global economic system -- 7. Ranking requests for financial support for protected areas -- 8. Ecotourism, economics and the environment -- Part III: Experiences and cases from Asia -- 9. The environment and Asian economic development -- 10. Economics of in situ biodiversity conservation in China -- 11. Reconciling economic development, nature conservation and local communities -- 12. Tourism development and conservation of nature -- 13. Agricultural pests and protected areas -- 14. Financing nature reserves in China -- 15. Sustainable development and biodiversity conservation in north-east India in context -- Part IV: Concluding observations -- 16. Nature conservation and development in retrospect -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 33
    ISBN: 9781035303823
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (ix, 151 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Mayer, Thomas, 1927 - Monetary policy and the great inflation in the United States
    DDC: 332.4/973
    RVK:
    Keywords: Federal Reserve System ; Federal Reserve System ; Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.) ; 1965-1979 ; Inflation ; Geldpolitik ; Zentralbank ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; USA ; Monetary policy History ; Inflation (Finance) History ; Monetary policy United States ; History ; 20th century ; United States Economic policy 1961-1971 ; United States Economic policy 1971-1981 ; USA ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; Inflation ; Geschichte 1965-1979 ; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors ; Geldpolitik ; Geschichte 1965-1979
    Abstract: This unique book deals with the most serious macroeconomic failure experienced in the US in the post-war period and the great inflation of the late 1960s and 1970s. It is the first detailed analysis, using Federal Reserve documents, of the thinking behind the inflationary monetary policy during this period. The book examines documentary evidence, including minutes, memos and reports and interviews with people who were closely involved in making policy decisions, to explain the monetary policy that led to this inflation. Thomas Mayer considers forecasting errors and wage and price controls in his attempt to explain why the inflation occurred and places some of the blame on ineffective operating procedures, institutional inefficiencies, and political pressures on the Federal Reserve. The author concludes that much of the responsibility for the mistaken policies lies with academic economists who underestimated the dangers of inflation and encouraged the Federal Reserve to focus on an unattainable employment goal. Monetary Policy and the Great Inflation in the United States will be welcomed by economists, political scientists and economic historians interested in monetary policy
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. Forecasts of macroeconomic variables -- 3. Controlling the monetary aggregates -- 4. Cognitive errors -- 5. Political pressures -- 6. Controls and the committee on interest and dividends -- 7. Economists' thinking and the fomc -- 8. Conclusion -- Appendix a: The federal open market committee -- Appendix b: Supply shocks in the 1973-5 period -- Appendix c: Background of fomc participants cited -- References -- Glossary -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
    URL: Book review (H-Net)  (lizenzpflichtig)
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  • 34
    ISBN: 9781035303786
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 157 pages) , illustration
    Series Statement: New horizons in environmental economics
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Green taxes
    DDC: 336.2
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Ökosteuer ; Steuerreform ; Steuerwirkung ; Nordeuropa ; Environmental impact charges Congresses ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Konferenzschrift 1995 ; Umweltsteuer ; Skandinavien
    Abstract: The prospect of simultaneously achieving a 'greener' environment, increased tax revenues and lower levels of unemployment has made ecological taxes an increasingly popular proposition. This volume examines the possibility of ecological tax reform in the Nordic countries of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. The potential for ecological tax reform is investigated on a theoretical and an empirical level. The social costs associated with environmental taxes are analysed and the impacts of a Swedish carbon tax are calculated by means of a static numerical model. Taxes on carbon, nitrogen and fertilisers are also examined. The authors find that the level of unemployment cannot be decreased by revenue neutral environmental taxes without any social costs and conclude that there are no easy ways to achieve full employment, a budget surplus and environmental sustainability. They conclude that further understanding of the functioning of the labour market, household decisions and the link between change in pollutant emissions and environmental damage is needed in order to make more concrete suggestions concerning ecological tax reforms. Green Taxes will be of immense use to academics and practitioners in the field of environmental economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction -- 1. Governmental commissions on green taxes in Denmark -- 2. The governmental commission on green taxes in norway -- 3. The Swedish green tax commission -- 4. Double dividend: Just desserts or pie in the sky? -- 5. Green tax reform: Theoretical issues, empirical results, and future challenges -- 6. General equilibrium effects of increasing carbon taxes in Sweden -- 7. Green taxes in Sweden: A partial equilibrium analysis of the carbon tax and the tax on nitrogen and fertilizers -- 8. Taxes and labour supply in Sweden - a meta analysis -- Index.
    Note: Based on a Nordic workshop held in Stockholm, 1995 , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 35
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar Publishing
    ISBN: 9781035303625
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (xvi, 348 pages) , illustrations
    Parallel Title: Erscheint auch als
    Parallel Title: Elektronische Reproduktion von Beyond the representative agent
    DDC: 339
    RVK:
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    Keywords: Wirtschaftstheorie ; Makroökonomik ; Theorie ; Macroeconomics ; Social interaction ; Economics Sociological aspects ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Wirtschaftssoziologie ; Makroökonomie
    Abstract: This challenging book extends standard economic theory to take into account the presence of heterogeneity among economic agents. It argues for an approach to economic analysis which regards the economy as an interactive system with heterogeneous agents and not simply a system which treats aggregates as some 'representative' individual. The authors consider that no sector of the economy can be treated as behaving like a single individual and each sector should be modelled as a complex interactive system. They apply this approach to many macro- and micro- analyses including monetary policy and firms, technological innovation and the insider-outsider model. In conclusion the authors find that this approach proves much more fruitful in explaining empirical phenomena than much of the existing theory. The result of this approach to economic theory which encompasses many realistic features, provides a vision of the economy which is not at odds with common sense, but which does not abandon rigorous analysis. This important book will be welcomed by those interested in both macro and micro economic theory
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction -- 1. Interaction and market -- 2. Tutorial on social interaction economics -- 3. Multilevel interactions with a Keynesian flavour in a stochastic macroeconomic model -- 4. Economic theory and 'conformism' -- 5. Firms' size and monetary policy -- 6. Agents' heterogeneity and coordination failure -- 7. Compartmental analysis of economic systems with heterogeneous agents -- 8. Macroeconomic fluctuations and heterogeneous agents -- 9. Fluctuations and growth due to technological innovation and diffusion -- 10. Hysteresis and economics -- 11. An insider-outsider model with non-trivially heterogeneous labour force -- 12. Agents' heterogeneity, financial fragility, and learning -- Index.
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 36
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273085
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement no.33
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews; Denmark 1999
    Keywords: Development ; Denmark
    Abstract: L'aide publique au développement (APD) du Danemark dépasse, en volume, celle des 21 autres Membres du Comité d'aide au développement (CAD) de l'OCDE. Depuis 1992, l'APD danoise se maintient en effet aux alentours de 1 % du produit national brut (PNB), en volume, et ce grâce à la vigueur du consensus que suscite l'aide au développement et du soutien qu'elle recueille dans l'opinion publique. L'effort d'aide danois se distingue également par sa qualité. Abstraction faite de son volume, l'aide danoise s'appuie sur une stratégie à long terme bien définie, dont les grands axes - en particulier la place centrale qui y est faite à la réduction de la pauvreté - sont conformes à la stratégie de partenariat pour le développement approuvée par le CAD en 1996. Le Danemark a réussi à concentrer son aide bilatérale sur 20 pays, dont 18 sont des pays à faible revenu ou comptent parmi les pays les moins avancés. L'aide est en outre ciblée sur des secteurs qui présentent une importance particulière pour les pauvres et sur des programmes destinés aux régions les plus démunies de ces pays, contribuant ainsi à faire refluer la pauvreté. Le Danemark mène, depuis 1996, une politique de « multilatéralisme actif » afin que soit pris en considération son souci d'amélioration du ciblage et de l'efficacité des programmes multilatéraux. Il n'est toutefois pas évident que cette démarche ait vraiment contribué à produire les résultats escomptés, car elle s'apparente encore davantage à de l'unilatéralisme qu'à une entreprise commune. Le Danemark fournit depuis longtemps un bel exemple des avantages qu'on peut retirer de l'intégration du système d'aide aux autres aspects des relations extérieures. Dans le cas de ce pays, cette intégration a contribué à la fois à la cohérence des relations avec les pays en développement et au professionnalisme du programme d'aide, lesquels sont encore renforcés par une décentralisation effective des responsabilités aux ambassades danoises dans les pays du programme. Grâce à cette approche intégrée, les services responsables de l'aide danoise au développement (Danida) ont pu entreprendre, depuis 1994, d'abandonner l'aide-projet au profit d'une aide-programme sectorielle (APS), en synergie avec la stratégie de partenariat préconisée par le CAD. Cette démarche implique un renforcement des activités de coordination, à la fois entre donneurs et avec les pays partenaires, auquel le Danemark est tout à fait favorable. En 1999, la politique de coopération pour le développement des pays du CAD suivants sera examinée : Australie, Autriche, Danemark, Irlande, Japon et Norvège.
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  • 37
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273337
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (104 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement no.35
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews; Ireland 1999
    Keywords: Development ; Ireland
    Abstract: L’année 1999 marque le 25ème anniversaire du programme d’aide publique de l’Irlande « Irish Aid ». Ces cinq dernières années, le volume de l’aide publique au développement (APD) de l’Irlande a progressé en moyenne de 20 pour cent par an en termes réels, soit plus rapidement que celui de n'importe quel autre Membre du Comité d’aide au développement (CAD) de l’OCDE. Selon les données préliminaires dont on dispose, l’aide de l’Irlande a atteint 0.30 pour cent du PNB en 1998, ce qui représente près du double de son niveau de 1992, et devrait atteindre 0.35 pour cent en 1999. Après six ans de croissance remarquable en volume et d’amélioration de la qualité de l’aide, l’essentiel de la hausse intervenue en 1999 a été destiné à des mesures d’allégement de la dette, aux contributions à l’Union européenne, à des opérations humanitaires d’urgence et au soutien aux réfugiés en Irlande et non au financement des programmes de développement à long terme administrés par le ministère des Affaires étrangères. Toutefois, la volonté politique qu’a exprimée le ministre des Finances en faveur de l’aide permettra d’assurer une augmentation de l’enveloppe budgétaire consacrée à la partie du programme dont s’occupe le ministère des Affaires étrangères en 2000 et 2001. Le programme d’aide irlandais se heurte à deux difficultés : comment assurer au mieux son expansion et comment gérer au mieux cette expansion ? C’est à l’évidence à l’Irlande qu’il appartient de résoudre ces difficultés, mais le Comité d’aide au développement peut mobiliser son expérience collective pour aider l’Irlande à y réfléchir. Un point de départ, tiré de l’expérience d’autres pays, est que l’Irlande doit conserver et même renforcer le ciblage de son programme, qui est à l’heure actuelle l’un de ses points forts. Les examens en matière de coopération pour le développement prévus pour l’an 2000 porteront sur les Membres suivants du CAD : France, Nouvelle-Zélande, Italie, Suède, Suisse et Portugal.
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  • 38
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264074170
    Language: English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: 31
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  • 39
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264180161
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 40
    ISBN: 9789264273771
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (324 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens de l'OCDE de la réforme de la réglementation
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform; Regulatory Reform in the Netherlands 1999
    Keywords: Governance ; Netherlands
    Abstract: La réforme de la réglementation menée aux Pays-Bas est riche d'enseignements tant pour la modernisation de l'État-providence en Europe que pour l'intégration au marché unique européen. La réforme de la réglementation est la composante la plus récente de la rénovation du modèle néerlandais. Aux réformes apportées aux marchés du travail et au système de protection sociale dans les années 80 a succédé, dans les années 90, la recherche d'un « nouvel équilibre entre la protection et le dynamisme », fondé sur la politique de la concurrence, la réforme de la réglementation et l'ouverture des marchés. Les Pays-Bas font aujourd'hui partie des pays de l'OCDE les plus performants au regard de nombreux critères économiques, notamment pour la croissance de l'emploi. Bien qu'encore à ses débuts, la réforme de la réglementation a déjà apporté des avantages considérables aux Pays-Bas, en termes de compétitivité, de flexibilité, ou de bénéfices pour les consommateurs. Des défis majeurs restent cependant à relever. La lenteur de certaines réformes importantes indique que le modèle néerlandais est encore en train de chercher l'équilibre entre l'établissement d'un consensus et l'ajustement des politiques. De l'application de la réforme à de nombreux nouveaux domaines découleront des gains aussi importants qu'un net progrès du taux d'emploi, une amélioration des performances sectorielles, et une réduction des coûts de la protection sociale. Les Pays-Bas sont un des premiers pays à avoir demander à l'OCDE de procéder à un examen général de ses pratiques réglementaires et des réformes de la réglementation menées à l'échelon national. Cet ouvrage est le fruit de l'évaluation approfondie menée par l'OCDE et d'un examen par ses pays Membres. Il présente une évaluation intégrée sans équivalent de la réforme de la réglementation dans des domaines aussi essentiels que le contexte macro-économique, la qualité du secteur public, la politique de la concurrence et sa mise en oeuvre, ainsi que l'intégration des principes d'ouverture du marché dans les processus réglementaires et dans des secteurs tels que l'électricité et les télécommunications. Les politiques recommandées offrent un plan d'action équilibré à court et à plus long terme fondé sur les meilleures pratiques réglementaires à l'échelon international. Pour en savoir plus A lire dans la même collection : La réforme de la réglementation au Japon, La réforme de la réglementation aux États-Unis, La réforme de la réglementation au Mexique. L'analyse de fond dont découlent ces premiers examens par pays est présentée dans le Rapport de l'OCDE sur la réforme de la réglementation : Rapport de synthèse et dans les deux volumes du Rapport de l'OCDE sur la réforme de la réglementation : Études sectorielles et Études thématiques, publiés en 1997.
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  • 41
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264272545
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (244 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Examens environnementaux de l'OCDE
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews; Denmark 1999
    Keywords: Environment ; Denmark
    Abstract: Ce rapport consacré au Danemark évalue les progrès accomplis ou à faire dans la réduction de la charge polluante, la gestion des ressources naturelles, l'intégration des politiques économique et environnementale et le renforcement de la coopération internationale. Les analyses s'appuient sur un large ensemble de données économiques et environnementales.
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  • 42
    ISBN: 9789264273160
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Energy; The Next Fifty Years
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Energy: The Next Fifty Years
    Keywords: Energy ; Environment ; Economics
    Abstract: Les combustibles fossiles vont-ils rester longtemps la source d'énergie prédominante ? L'énergie nucléaire a-t-elle un avenir ? Quelles technologies énergétiques se profilent à l'horizon ? Quelles sont les implications du rôle grandissant joué par les pays en développement en tant que producteurs et consommateurs d'énergie ? Comment évitera-t-on à l’avenir les crises énergétiques internationales ? Quelle influence la société de l'information aura-t-elle sur les modes de production et de consommation d'énergie ? Enfin, quelles conséquences les accords internationaux de protection de l'environnement destinés à assurer un avenir énergétique durable auront-ils à long terme ? Les efforts tendant à assurer des ressources énergétiques durables entrent aujourd’hui dans une phase décisive. A l'horizon 2050, le paysage énergétique pourrait être complètement bouleversé. On disposera d’une palette de sources d'énergie classiques et nouvelles très diversifiée. Les systèmes de transport, le logement et les autres infrastructures atteindront sans doute des niveaux sans précédent d'efficacité énergétique. Et les populations pourront enfin bénéficier de modes de vie respectueux de l'environnement. Des décennies seront toutefois nécessaires pour parvenir à une utilisation durable de l'énergie. Cet ouvrage passe en revue les choix qui façonneront la scène énergétique au cours des cinquante prochaines années et analyse certaines des questions clés -- d'ordre économique, social, technologique ou écologique -- auxquelles les décideurs publics et privés doivent s'attaquer sans tarder.
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264172876
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (252 p)
    Keywords: Employment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Why decentralise the public employment service? What are the reasons for the increasing reliance on local management approaches in designing and implementing employment policies? These trends are not merely institutional changes, rather they reflect a change in strategy. To enhance the effectiveness of employment policy, governments attempt to provide greater flexibility in implementation, adapt national policies to local conditions, and stimulate involvement from all stakeholders. The impact of these reforms is widespread. They effect the role of the state, the division of power between government layers, and, most of all, employment itself. This book provides the most comprehensive set of employment practices and experiences currently implemented in 26 countries available to date. A wide range of area-based approaches illustrates the need for flexible and specific answers to adapt to local conditions. To complete the picture, summary chapters outline new trends and common challenges governments face in designing and optimising employment policy decentralisation. It brings together papers from a Conference held in Venice in April 1998. [Decentralising Employment Policy: New Trends and Challenges] is essential reading for policy-makers, practitioners and all local actors involved in employment policies.
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  • 44
    ISBN: 9789264173422
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (460 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Education ; Employment
    Abstract: Young people's situation and future prospects are of vital concern to us all. Many of them face high unemployment or joblessness and serious difficulties in getting a firm foothold into the labour market. Many leave school without the requisite skills or competences needed in today’s economy and society. Many are also experiencing falling relative (and sometimes real) wages and considerable uncertainty as to whether or not they will be able to settle into good careers. But at the same time, our ageing societies need, more than ever before, to harness the potential of all of our young people. This publication points the way to future initiatives to improve youth labour market and educational outcomes as identified by policy-makers and experts of OECD countries brought together at the Washington Conference "Preparing Youth for the 21st Century: The Policy Lessons from the Past Two Decades", held on 23-24 February 1999. To give the most comprehensive picture to date, it first puts today's challenges into a historical perspective by taking stock of two decades of policies for youth employment. But more substantially, this book provides insight into experiences and policy issues in the United States, as well as in Europe and Japan, with a stress on the special needs of disadvantaged youth. All of us interested in making sure we give youth a good start in education and in establishing rewarding labour market careers will find this compendium a milestone in youth employment debate.
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174122
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (348 p.)
    Keywords: Employment ; Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Traditional welfare and employment policies have been unable to tackle the problems of high unemployment and exclusion in OECD countries and recently a wave of new approaches has emerged together with new political notions of welfare-to-work. This book describes these new approaches in countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, France and the Netherlands. All these countries are relying increasingly on local agencies to design and manage policy to try and ensure that policy solutions meet local needs and to bring to bear local energies, skills and resources. What is the role that local agencies can play? How can they be integrated in effective partnerships? And what policy tools can best be applied? This book gives valuable answers to these questions and shows that governments and practitioners have much to learn from each other on the practicalities of implementing effective welfare-to-work policies. These Proceedings of the Sheffield Conference, held in November 1998 in collaboration with the Department for Education and Employment (DfEE) in the United Kingdom, were prepared by the Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme of the OECD's Territorial Development Service.
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264266315
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (140 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Environment ; Finance and Investment
    Abstract: Foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of the driving forces binding countries into closer economic interdependence. The rapid increase in FDI flows has generated considerable debate about its environmental implications, in particular the impacts on environmental quality in the investment host country. A broader issue is the role of FDI in promoting sustainable development. To date, much of the debate has been polemical in nature. This volume moves the debate forward by analysing in a clear and considered manner the key issues in the FDI and environment relationship. Empirical evidence from OECD and non-OECD countries is presented and the strengths and weaknesses of policy and institutional frameworks that guide investors' environmental behaviour are discussed. In addition, the emerging role of voluntary commitments on the environment is examined. Best practices in this area are highlighted. The papers were presented at the OECD Conference on Foreign Direct Investment and the Environment held in January 1999 in The Hague.
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  • 47
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264172654
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (116 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Science and Technology
    Abstract: Over one million people world-wide have benefited from successful tissue and organ transplants and survival rates have dramatically improved. But transplantation has become a victim of its own success. The demand for human organs can no longer be met and deaths of persons on waiting lists have more than doubled since 1988. A number of alternatives have been proposed to fill the gap between the supply and demand of organs and the past few years have seen the development of various approaches derived from recent advances in biotechnology. Among these technologies is xenotransplantation - the transplantation of viable cells, tissues and organs from one animal species to another. Xenotransplantation of cells and tissues has been approved for clinical trials in a number of OECD countries. However, opinions about the risks from these early procedures and whether to proceed any further vary. At the New York 1998 Workshop on "International issues in transplantation biotechnology including the use of non-human cells, tissues and organs", world leaders in the field reported on the state of the art and unmet needs in transplantation, addressing in particular the potential, the risks, the ethics and socio-economic impacts of xenotransplantation. Based on presentations, transcripts of round-table discussions and comments raised at the workshop, this book provides an overview of the field and of current regulatory frameworks and addresses the most pressing international policy considerations on xenotransplantation.
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  • 48
    ISBN: 9789264172586
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (484 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Environment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: Environmental permits have played a major role in improving industry's environmental performance across the last few decades. Because they adopt a precautionary approach during the setting of environmental requirements, permitting strategies have also favoured pollution prevention. However, current permitting systems will have to adapt to address growing pressures on the environment. How are OECD countries currently meeting this challenge? What are the main features of the laws, regulations, policies and practices governing the negotiation and delivery of industrial permits in OECD countries? This publication's three volumes give new insights into these questions. Volume 1 contains a policy study entitled Environmental Requirements for Industrial Permitting: Approaches and Instruments. This report is the first comprehensive review of permitting practices for industry in OECD Member countries. It explores the principles behind environmental permits and identifies major trends in their use. In particular, the report examines how technology-based requirements and environmental quality objectives are used together to develop permit conditions. Results are also presented from four sectoral case studies of the iron and steel, metal finishing, pulp and paper, and oil refining industry . Volume 2 contains the proceedings of an unprecedented OECD workshop on "Environmental Permitting of Industrial Facilities". This international workshop brought together nearly 100 government experts, regulators, permit writers, industry permit holders and other private sector representatives from OECD Member and Observer countries in Europe, North America and the Asia-Pacific region. Considering the wide range of policies, practices and viewpoints discussed, the workshop represented a significant step toward a mutual international understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of current environmental permitting systems. Volume 3 provides a valuable reference guide on regulatory approaches to environmental permitting in OECD countries. It presents the main features of the laws, regulations, policies and practices governing the negotiation and delivery of industrial permits in eighteen OECD Member countries, the European Union and other international organisations.
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  • 49
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173620
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (148 p.) , ill.
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: It was a financial crisis, or was it? Did a band of speculators and money-changers pull the rug out from under the Thai, Malaysian, Philippine, Indonesian and Korean economies, thereby trashing the Asian Miracle? Or were more profound, longer-term pressures building in these economies which finally boiled over in 1997? In this book, the OECD explodes the myth of conspiracy and evil design, showing that well-intentioned and previously successful economic policies put the Asian economies at risk. Generous support for heavy and high-tech industries created "turnkey" companies with an excessive reliance on imported technology and inputs. In many cases, the success of these industries came at the expense of small and medium-sized enterprises, and more generally of the ability to foresee and respond to the need for adjustment. There were also detrimental effects as traditionally strong parts of these economies lost their competitive edge due to limitations in technological linkages coupled with upward pressures on wage costs and appreciating exchange rates. The book shows that the Asian breakdown had far-reaching structural global implications extending beyond the financial sphere. In examining the policy implications, the OECD argues that far-reaching industrial reforms are needed to accompany the measures being taken to address the financial aspects of the crisis. Learning the lessons from these reforms will reduce the risk of similar crashes in the future.
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  • 50
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE : statistiques et projections
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Economic Outlook No. 65 (Edition 1999/1)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: La base de données des Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE contient des données rétrospectives et des projections pour un éventail de statistiques économiques, telles que : demande et produit intérieur brut (PIB), déflateurs et prix, comptes des administrations publiques, secteur des ménages et des entreprises, marché du travail, données financières, commerce extérieur, balance des paiements, bloc d'offre et marché du pétrole et autres matières premières.
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Economic Outlook: Statistics and Projections
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE No. 65 (Édition 1999/1)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Economic Outlook online database provides historical trends and future projections for a range of economic statistics. These include demand and gross domestic product (GDP), deflators and prices, general government accounts, households and business sectors, labour market, financial data, foreign exchange market, balance of payments, supply block, oil market and other raw materials.
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  • 52
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: French
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE : statistiques et projections
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe OECD Economic Outlook No. 66 (Edition 1999/2)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: La base de données des Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE contient des données rétrospectives et des projections pour un éventail de statistiques économiques, telles que : demande et produit intérieur brut (PIB), déflateurs et prix, comptes des administrations publiques, secteur des ménages et des entreprises, marché du travail, données financières, commerce extérieur, balance des paiements, bloc d'offre et marché du pétrole et autres matières premières.
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing.
    Language: English
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: OECD Economic Outlook: Statistics and Projections
    Parallel Title: Parallele Sprachausgabe Perspectives économiques de l'OCDE No. 66 (Édition 1999/2)
    Keywords: Economics
    Abstract: The OECD Economic Outlook online database provides historical trends and future projections for a range of economic statistics. These include demand and gross domestic product (GDP), deflators and prices, general government accounts, households and business sectors, labour market, financial data, foreign exchange market, balance of payments, supply block, oil market and other raw materials.
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  • 54
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1998
    Series Statement: Development Co-operation Reviews 30
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement : Communauté Européenne 1998
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  • 55
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264272095
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (304 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: 23
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. STI Review, Volume 1998 Issue 2; Special Issue on Public/Private Partnerships in Science and Technology
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. STI Review, Volume 1998 Issue 2: Special Issue on Public/Private Partnerships in Science and Technology
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  • 56
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1998
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement 27
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews: Spain 1998
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  • 57
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264273665
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (292 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Efficient Transport for Europe; Policies for the Internalisation of External Costs
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Efficient Transport for Europe: Policies for the Internalisation of External Costs
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: Alors que les services des transports sont un maillon essentiel du développement économique et social, leurs effets négatifs font l'objet d'une attention politique croissante. Pour réduire ces coûts externes, l'internalisation procède à des ajustements des charges, taxes et réglementations destinées à maximiser l'efficience économique. Ce rapport : - résume la dimension théorique et pratique de l'internalisation ; - passe en revue les estimations récentes des coûts externes du transport ; - explore les diverses politiques qui pourraient être utilisées pour promouvoir efficacement l'internalisation ; - et évalue en termes monétaires le montant des incitations requises.
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  • 58
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Club du Sahel
    ISBN: 9789264272903
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (344 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Finding Problems to Fit the Solutions; Twenty Years of Aid to the Sahel
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Finding Problems to Fit the Solutions: Twenty Years of Aid to the Sahel
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: La coopération internationale traverse une crise. Chacun s'interroge aujourd'hui sur son efficacité et même parfois son utilité. Après dix ans de " fatigue de l'aide ", voici un ouvrage lucide mais constructif qui jette un jour nouveau sur les problèmes rencontrés et fournit des propositions de réformes judicieuses et innovatrices. L'analyse de Jean-David Naudet constitue une contribution réelle à la littérature sur l'aide. Son approche combine la sensibilité du sociologue et l'expérience du praticien, tout en faisant quelques incursions clairvoyantes dans la théorie des organisations.A la fois pragmatique et concret, ce livre se fonde sur des contributions et des ateliers organisés par le Club du Sahel dans le cadre d'une étude approfondie sur la coopération internationale. Son style tranchant et son heureux usage des citations et des exemples en rendent la lecture particulièrement plaisante.Si cet ouvrage couvre essentiellement la région sahélienne, le diagnostic et les réformes qu'il propose restent pertinents pour l'ensemble de l'Afrique, et même au-delà. De même, le tableau saisissant qu'il dresse de la relation de coopération et de l'aide trouvera des échos dans bien des pays. " Naudet mérite d'être félicité pour avoir produit un ouvrage aussi provocateur et percutant" ElliotBerg. Jean-David Naudet est actuellement économiste au Groupement d’intérêt scientifique DIAL (Développement et insertion internationale).
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  • 59
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273030
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 60
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173439
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (328 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: China in the Global Economy
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Taxation ; China, People’s Republic ; China ; Umweltsteuer
    Abstract: Environmental taxes are receiving growing interest world-wide. From an environmental perspective, a key driver has been the search for more efficient and cost-effective approaches for implementing domestic environmental policies. From a fiscal policy perspective, growing pressures have been exerted to reduce income tax rates and to offset this by broadening the tax base. These reforms provide opportunities to introduce new environmental taxes in a revenue-neutral manner and simultaneously to achieve environmental and fiscal policy objectives. This volume presents recent developments in designing and implementing environmental taxes in China and OECD countries. Key challenges and opportunities are highlighted, including the role of removing or reforming existing distortionary subsidies that are damaging to the environment; restructuring existing taxes; and introducing new environmental taxes. The papers, which were presented at an OECD Workshop held in October 1998, provide the reader with a unique comparative analysis.
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  • 61
    ISBN: 9789264273689
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (204 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: La stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'emploi
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Jobs Strategy; Assessing Performance and Policy
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Implementing the OECD Jobs Strategy: Assessing Performance and Policy
    Keywords: Employment
    Abstract: L'ampleur et la persistance du chômage demeurent un problème économique et social majeur pour bon nombre de pays de l'OCDE. A l'heure actuelle, quelque 35 millions de personnes sont sans emploi dans l'ensemble de la zone, et nombreux sont ceux qui n'ont même plus le courage de se lancer à la recherche d'un emploi. La précarité de l'emploi et la pauvreté dans laquelle vivent certains travailleurs sont aussi une source de préoccupation croissante dans certains pays. C'est pour apporter une réponse à ces problèmes que la Stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'emploi a été lancée voici cinq ans. Or il s'avère que cette stratégie « marche » ; tous les résultats disponibles à ce jour le montrent : appliquée de façon suivie dans tous les domaines visés, la stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'emploi permet de réduire durablement le chômage et d'accroître le taux d'activité. Les taux de chômage varient fortement et connaissent des évolutions contrastées au sein de l'OCDE. Comment peut-on expliquer ces disparités ? Pourquoi certains pays ont-ils mieux réussi que d'autres à endiguer le chômage ? Pourquoi certains groupes sociaux -- les jeunes, les travailleurs âgés, les travailleurs peu qualifiés -- ont-ils, dans de nombreux pays, tant de mal à trouver et à conserver un emploi qui les satisfasse pleinement ? La progression des emplois temporaires ou à temps partiel est-elle un bien ou un mal ? Cet ouvrage examine ces questions à la lumière de l'expérience acquise par les pays qui appliquent la Stratégie de l'OCDE pour l'emploi. Il acccorde une place particulière aux groupes défavorisés qui sont aux marges du marché du travail et identifie les mesures requises pour mieux les intégrer à l'activité productive.
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  • 62
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173729
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (132 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Política y Promoción de la Inversión Extranjera Directa en América Latina
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Konferenzschrift 1998 ; Lateinamerika ; Direktinvestition
    Abstract: What is the investment policy orientation in Latin America in the light of the present world financial environment? What are the perspectives for developing a multilateral framework for investment rules and what would be the Latin American involvement in this effort? How can appropriate policies and regulatory environment for attracting foreign direct investment in Latin America be created? These were the main issues of the Lima Workshop on "Foreign Direct Investment Policy and Promotion in Latin America" organised in December 1998 by the OECD and the Commission of the European Union in co-operation with the Peruvian Government. This set of texts can constitute a reference work on foreign investment policy for policy makers and experts in the public sector, actors in the private sector and academics both in emerging market economies and in OECD countries.
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  • 63
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    ISBN: 9789264173743
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (176 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Aspects environnementaux de la production d'uranium
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Nuclear Energy ; Bericht ; Uranproduktion ; Umweltschutz ; Uranbergbau ; Aufbereitung ; Berge ; Radioaktiver Abfall ; Strahlenschutz ; Umweltschutz ; Staat ; Uranbergbau ; Halde ; Sanierung ; Umweltschutz
    Abstract: Environmental activities in uranium mining and milling are becoming increasingly important owing to: - the stricter requirements for new facilities being imposed by many countries in the form of environmental clearance approvals; - the large number of uranium production facilities which have been taken out of operation recently; - and, the restoration and reclamation measures that are being considered for many old sites which have been closed permanently. This book provides an overview of environmental activities related to uranium production based on survey responses from 29 countries. It discusses environmental and safety activities related to the closure and remediation of formerly utilised sites; the operation, monitoring and control of producing sites; and the planning, licensing and authorisation of new facilities. It includes an overview of the reported interests of specialists working in the field, including sensitivity of ecosystems, environmental impact assessment, emissions to air and water, work environment, radiation safety, waste handling and disposal, mine and mill decommissioning and site restoration, and the regulation of these activities.
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  • 64
    ISBN: 9789264273672
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 65
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264173842
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (172 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Recherche en économie des transports et décision politique
    DDC: 338/.049/072 21
    RVK:
    Keywords: Transport ; Konferenzschrift 1999 ; Verkehrswirtschaft ; Verkehrspolitik
    Abstract: The main goal of this Seminar was to understand the relationship between transport economics research and policymaking. In Europe, there is an extremely wide range of research approaches (a single government agency or several organisations, a national research programme or one-off contracts, etc.). What do these approaches have in common and what is the ideal research structure? With regard to researchers and research sponsors, monopolies should be avoided. Links between researchers and policymakers need to be as direct as possible. And it is also important that research findings be presented by communication specialists and disseminated very early on, before the final stages of research. Drawing on the presentation and analysis of national experiences, the Seminar spawned numerous recommendations that can help to define a national research policy, and suggested ways in which researchers and policymakers can organise the relationship between economic research and policymaking in the transport sector.
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264173910
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (218 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: ECMT Round Tables no.109
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Les transports de marchandises et la ville
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Transport ; Konferenzschrift 1997 ; Güterverkehr ; Stadt
    Abstract: The aim of every politician is to transform the city into an environmentally sustainable entity. However, while the planning and organisation of passenger services within cities is commonly perceived as a major issue, freight transport is not given the full attention it deserves. As a general rule, the role which freight transport plays in the economy of cities is simply not understood. What invariably attracts attention, on the other hand, is the added pollution and congestion caused by freight transport. Europe has recently produced a host of new urban development schemes which place more or less severe restrictions on freight movements in cities. While some cities have introduced measures in line with the town planning objectives of territorial development plans, others have adopted short-term solutions to traffic management problems. Since we know that cities are living entities whose vital processes can be disrupted, how can we be sure that all of these measures are a step in the right direction? Our lack of experience makes this a question we would be well advised to consider. The Round Table reviewed the various aspects of freight transport by examining experiences in different countries and by discussing some of the more innovatory approaches adopted.
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  • 67
    ISBN: 9789264273900
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Handbook of Incentive Measures for Biodiversity; Design and Implementation
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Handbook of Incentive Measures for Biodiversity: Design and Implementation
    Keywords: Environment ; Urban, Rural and Regional Development
    Abstract: Les pouvoirs publics doivent mettre en oeuvre des politiques permettant de concrétiser les valeurs à la fois publiques et privées de la diversité biologique. Pour éviter la disparition de précieux éléments de la biodiversité, les utilisateurs des ressources biologiques doivent être incités à les exploiter de façon écologiquement viable. Mais la complexité intrinsèque des systèmes biologiques, et l'ensemble des pressions qu'ils subissent, nécessite souvent la mise en place d'un arsenal de mesures d'incitation complémentaires et soigneusement conçues pour délivrer des signaux de nature à prévenir la perte de biodiversité. A travers ce Manuel inspiré des leçons tirées de 22 études de cas, c'est un processus global inédit qui est élaboré pour définir et appliquer, étapes par étapes, des mesures d'incitation à la préservation de la biodiversité et à l'utilisation durable de ses constituants. Ce Manuel décrit les avantages et les inconvénients de chaque mesure pour identifier celles qui s'adaptent le mieux à un écosystème déterminé et répondent de façon optimale à des pressions sectorielles précises. Il propose une vaste panoplie d'instruments comprenant des incitations économiques et réglementaires assez classiques, les conditions cadres requises pour leur application, la mise en place de capacités scientifiques et techniques, l'éducation et la sensibilisation, ainsi que la participation des populations locales et des autres parties intéressées.
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  • 68
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264173972
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (184 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combattre l'exclusion ; L'aide sociale au Canada et en Suisse
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Combattre l'exclusion : L'aide sociale au Canada et en Suisse
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Preventing hardship among those with few or no resources is no easy task. Today, institutions whose goal is to help those at the margins seek to integrate and encourage them in order to avoid social exclusion. How can social assistance best balance the adequacy of benefits with financial incentives to work? What policy measures are essential to promote independence and reduce (intergenerational) welfare dependence? What can be done to promote individual responsibility in societies where taxpayers and voters are explicitly regarded as major stakeholders in social policy? These are some of the most pressing social issues this book addresses by comparing social assistance policies in four Canadian provinces -- Alberta, New Brunswick, Ontario and Saskatchewan -- and four Swiss cantons -- Graubünden, Ticino, Vaud and Zürich. In Switzerland, few people were forced to rely on social assistance until unemployment rose sharply at the beginning of the 1990s. The authorities are now struggling with how to promote social inclusion by keeping benefit levels high whilst at the same time improving measures designed to get benefit recipients back into work. In Canada, all provinces have stressed the role of work as the best way of avoiding benefit dependency, and some provinces have also cut benefit levels and restricted access to benefits. The success of Canada in reducing social assistance benefit dependency stands out in an area of social protection where across the developed world there are remarkably few such successes. Further reading This book is part of "The Battle against Exclusion" series, consisting of comparative studies of social assistance policies. To get a more comprehensive picture of social policies in OECD countries, please consult the first two volumes of the series, both published in 1998: the first volume covers Australia, Finland, Sweden and the United Kingdom, and the second volume, Belgium, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands and Norway.
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  • 69
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273979
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (202 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Battle against Exclusion; Social Assistance in Canada and Switzerland
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Battle against Exclusion: Social Assistance in Canada and Switzerland
    Keywords: Social Issues/Migration/Health ; Canada ; Switzerland
    Abstract: Améliorer le sort de ceux qui sont sans ressources ou qui ont peu de ressources n’est pas chose facile. Aujourd’hui, les institutions qui cherchent à aider les personnes en marge de la société s’efforcent de les intégrer et de les motiver, afin d’éviter l’exclusion sociale. Comment l’aide sociale peut-elle à la fois assurer des prestations suffisantes et conserver l'intérêt financier du travail ? Quelles mesures les pouvoirs publics doivent-ils prendre pour favoriser l’autonomie et réduire la dépendance (reproduite d'une génération à l'autre) à l’égard des mécanismes de solidarité ? Comment encourager la responsabilité individuelle dans des sociétés où les contribuables et les électeurs sont clairement considérés comme des partenaires importants de la politique sociale ? Ce sont là quelques-unes des principales questions que soulève cette étude comparative des politiques d’aide sociale dans quatre provinces canadiennes -- Alberta, Nouveau-Brunswick, Ontario et Saskatchewan -- et quatre cantons suisses -- Grisons, Tessin, Vaud et Zurich. En Suisse, les personnes qui étaient contraintes de recourir à l’aide sociale étaient peu nombreuses jusqu’à ce que le chômage augmente fortement, au début des années 1990. Aujourd’hui, les autorités s’efforcent de favoriser l’insertion sociale en maintenant les prestations à un haut niveau tout en renforçant les mesures destinées à réinsérer les bénéficiaires de prestations dans la vie active. Au Canada, toutes les provinces insistent sur le rôle déterminant du travail, considéré comme le meilleur moyen d’éviter la dépendance à l’égard des prestations sociales, et certaines provinces ont abaissé le niveau de l’aide et restreint l’accès aux prestations. Le succès rencontré par le Canada pour réduire la dépendance à l’égard des prestations est d'autant plus remarquable qu'il a très peu d'équivalents dans les pays développés. Pour en savoir plus Cette étude s’inscrit dans la série « Combattre l’exclusion » composée d'études comparatives des politiques d’aide sociale. Pour avoir une vue plus complète des politiques sociales dans les pays de l’OCDE, on pourra se reporter aux deux premiers volumes de la série, publiés en 1998 : le premier traite des politiques d’aide sociale en Australie, en Finlande, au Royaume-Uni et en Suède ; le deuxième des politiques sociales en Belgique, en Norvège, aux Pays-Bas et en République tchèque.
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  • 70
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264274112
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Food Safety and Quality; Trade Considerations
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Food Safety and Quality: Trade Considerations
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food
    Abstract: Des problèmes sanitaires très médiatisés ont récemment mis le débat sur la sécurité alimentaire au cœur de l'actualité. Des pressions croissantes s'exercent en faveur de normes plus restrictives et d'une application plus stricte des réglementations existantes. Les consommateurs ne se préoccupent pas seulement de l'innocuité des produits : la qualité des aliments et la façon dont ils sont produits, le bien-être animal, l'utilisation d'organismes génétiquement modifiés (OGM), d'hormones ou d'autres promoteurs de croissance, les préférences culturelles, la préservation des ressources et la protection de l'environnement sont également devenus des enjeux importants du débat public sur la réglementation de l'industrie alimentaire. Face à la complexité de ces problèmes, il n'est pas facile de voir clairement les réponses politiques qui doivent être apportées. Différents facteurs renforcent les risques de conflits commerciaux : le durcissement des règles du commerce international, le développement des échanges agroalimentaires et l'utilisation croissante de nouvelles techniques biologiques. Les enjeux économiques sont importants et ces différends risquent d'occuper, à l’avenir encore, une place essentielle dans l’ordre du jour du commerce international. Ce rapport examine les désaccords commerciaux soulevés par les problèmes de qualité et de sécurité des produits alimentaires. Il résume les accords internationaux clés, illustre l’étendue et la nature des différends en cours, et étudie les contributions éventuelles de l’analyse économique pour la résolution du conflit. Il identifie également les domaines où une analyse complémentaire est nécessaire.
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  • 71
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    Language: English , French
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: 31
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  • 72
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174207
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (264 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Auslandsinvestition ; Südostasien
    Abstract: The financial crisis in Asia has brought to the fore the question of the appropriate policies for recovery and for future sustainable development. One area of particular importance is the treatment of foreign investors. Foreign direct investment has played a leading role in many of the economies of the region, particularly in export sectors, and has been a vital source of foreign capital during the crisis. The four countries reviewed in this study - Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand - have all tended to welcome inward investment for its contribution to exports but have often been less willing to open up the domestic market to such investors. This study discusses the role assigned to foreign firms in the development strategies of the four countries in the past and looks at how a more balanced approach to the treatment of foreign investors could contribute to a more sustainable development path in the future.
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  • 73
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273993
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (196 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Price of Water; Trends in OECD Countries
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Price of Water: Trends in OECD Countries
    Keywords: Environment
    Abstract: Le prix de l’eau est un déterminant essentiel de l’efficacité économique et environnementale des services en eau. Cet ouvrage fait le point sur les pratiques actuelles et les tendances récentes en matière de tarification de l’eau pour les secteurs domestique, agricole et industriel dans les pays de l’OCDE. Il étudie les questions de tarification qui intéressent toute la gamme des services en eau : distribution publique, traitement et évacuation des eaux usées, redevances pour le prélèvement et le rejet, et recouvrement des coûts. Il retrace l’évolution récente des mécanismes institutionnels qui concernent la tarification de l’eau et examine brièvement les questions qui touchent au caractère abordable des services en eau et à la sensibilité de la demande d’eau aux fluctuations des prix. Par le vaste éventail de questions, de secteurs et de pays traités, ce livre offre un aperçu unique des tendances dans le domaine de la tarification de l’eau.
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  • 74
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174450
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (88 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Changement climatique ; les politiques nationales et le Protocole de Kyoto
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Changement climatique : les politiques nationales et le Protocole de Kyoto
    RVK:
    Keywords: Environment ; Klimaänderung ; Umweltpolitik
    Abstract: Nearly two years after Kyoto, most OECD countries are looking towards ratification and implementation of their obligations under the Kyoto Protocol. What do historical emissions and policy trends tell us about the way forward? Which policies will be needed to combat climate change? This book provides an overview of recent developments in OECD countries and a framework for policy making in the context of Kyoto targets. There is no single formula for domestic policies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Every country will need to assess opportunities and constraints to develop a strategy adapted to their own situation. Yet, it is possible to outline some main lines for action in OECD countries at the national level. National strategies should prioritise market, subsidy and fiscal reform policies to establish conditions for competitive markets and remove distortions that harm the environment. And governments should implement a comprehensive mix of mutually reinforcing and integrated policies, using a wide range of economic instruments (green taxes, green tax reform and domestic emission trading) as well as other measures such as product policies, voluntary approaches and public awareness programmes. Unless OECD countries establish more effective frameworks for action now, achieving the Kyoto targets is likely to be costly and difficult.
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  • 75
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264280090
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: 45
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  • 76
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264180123
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (440 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 346.5/086
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment
    Abstract: This is the first OECD publication dealing with insurance issues in Asia. It provides a unique overview and analysis on insurance regulation and supervision in Asia. Dedicated studies are included on Brunei, Hong Kong China, Indonesia, Laos, Macau, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Chinese Taipei, Thailand and Vietnam.Thanks to the broad range of high-quality information and the importance of issues addressed, this set of texts should constitute a reference work on insurance policy for policy makers and experts in the public sector, actors in the private sector and academics both in OECD Member countries and non-Member economies.
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  • 77
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    ISBN: 9789264280151
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (208 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Etudes du Centre de Développement
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Conflict and Growth in Africa; Southern Africa Volume 3
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Conflict and Growth in Africa: Southern Africa Volume 3
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: Les conflits : tel est le sujet de ce livre. L’originalité de cet ouvrage réside dans son approche économique du problème. Sans faire abstraction des facteurs sociaux, ethniques et historiques qui sont à l'origine des conflits, les auteurs s'intéressent aux problèmes économiques bien réels qui exacerbent les frictions sous-jacentes dans cinq pays d’Afrique australe. Les disparités entre zones urbaines et rurales, par exemple, sont sensibles dans les niveaux de revenu, mais aussi dans des domaines tels que la santé, l'éducation ou l'emploi. Autre réalité : le clientélisme, qui favorise une petite élite de fonctionnaires au détriment du reste de la population. Les auteurs identifient ainsi les facteurs économiques qui jouent un rôle aggravant dans les situations de conflit, en évaluent le coût économique et proposent des réorientations de la politique économique susceptibles d'atténuer les risques de conflit. Cet ouvrage s'intègre dans une série composée de trois volumes ; il porte essentiellement sur le Botswana, le Malawi, le Mozambique, la Zambie et le Zimbabwe. Pour en savoir plus Conflits et croissance en Afrique -- Vol. 1 : Le Sahel Conflits et croissance en Afrique -- Vol. 2 : Kenya, Ouganda et Tanzanie
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264272552
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 79
    ISBN: 9789264072572
    Language: Multiple languages , English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (378 p.) , ill.
    Edition: 1998 Edition
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Examens des performances environnementales
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. OECD Environmental Performance Reviews: Czech Republic 1999
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    ISBN: 9789264172821
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (248 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Seminars
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La décentralisation budgétaire dans les économies émergentes ; Problèmes de gestion des affaires publiques
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La décentralisation budgétaire dans les économies émergentes : Problèmes de gestion des affaires publiques
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    Keywords: Taxation ; Development ; Finanzwirtschaft ; Dezentralisation
    Abstract: This collection of experiences of fiscal decentralisation across a wide range of OECD-Member and non-member economies reveals lessons which are equally of relevance to both groups of countries. A major finding is that fiscal decentralisation is often confused in the latter group of countries with the removal of central-government control over subnational finances. This is a mistake; it may lead to fiscal irresponsibility on the part of local authorities, deteriorating fiscal positions at both levels, and high costs due to duplication of fiscal institutions. The book also finds that insufficient attention has been given to local revenue generation, as opposed to intergovernmental transfers.The issue of fiscal decentralisation in emerging economies is particularly important, because it arises, in part, from a desire to enhance democracy and local accountability. However, the devolution of responsibilities must take place in an atmosphere of transparency, where the local expertise exists to manage budgeting. Serious consideration must be given to revenue sourcing and effective expenditure control. Finally, local spending must match available revenues without becoming an additional strain on central government resources.
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  • 82
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264189416
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (120 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Gérer les systèmes nationaux d'innovation
    RVK:
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Industry and Services ; Forschung und Entwicklung ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: With the emergence of a knowledge-based society, innovation has become an increasingly important factor in the competitiveness of firms, the prosperity of nations and dynamic world growth. Innovation uses scientific progress to meet the changing needs of society and is thus one of the keys to sustainable development. Promoting innovation is now a high priority in most OECD countries. However, the pursuit of this objective is often hampered by an inadequate understanding of the extent to which the mechanisms of innovation are being transformed by globalisation, the development of information and communications technologies and the expanding scientific knowledge base. Drawing on new empirical data, this book analyses the fundamental changes in the linkages between industry and the science system as well as in the nature of the competencies required for firms to innovate. The changes which are transforming the respective roles of competition and co-operation in stimulating innovation and which are enabling enterprise creation and SMIs to play an increasingly active role in innovation are also examined. This book shows that innovation performance depends on the way in which the different components of the "innovation system" -- businesses, universities and other research bodies - interact with one another at the local, national and international levels, and concludes that the public authorities must change their approach to the promotion of innovation. This study defines the aims and tools of this new innovation policy and identifies examples of good policy practice recently implemented in OECD countries.
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  • 83
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement 33
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews: Denmark 1999
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  • 84
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: English
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 85
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    ISBN: 9789264273320
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Etudes du Centre de Développement
    Series Statement: Études du Centre de développement
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Competition, Innovation and Competitiveness in Developing Countries
    Keywords: Development
    Abstract: La compétitivité des entreprises au sein de l'environnement économique mondial est une composante essentielle de la stratégie de développement, mais ouvrir l'économie ne suffit pas à stimuler la compétitivité si l'innovation fait défaut. Tel est l'enseignement essentiel que cette étude intersectorielle dégage de l'expérience du Brésil, de la Corée, de l'Inde et du Taipei chinois. Dans les pays en développement et les pays émergents, venus relativement tard à la technologie, les pratiques industrielles traditionnelles peuvent être associées à des réformes qui stimulent l'innovation, mais elles peuvent tout aussi bien entraîner une stagnation si le dosage des politiques et des pratiques est mauvais. Les études de cas présentées ici montrent que là où les habitudes industrielles tendent à réduire la compétitivité, l'action des pouvoirs publics peut être déterminante, notamment lorsqu'elle s'attache à gérer le rythme, l'ordre et la nature des mesures d'ouverture des marchés. Cette publication ouvre donc un nouveau débat sur les politiques industrielles que les pays en développement et en transition doivent adopter pour affronter la concurrence et croître dans une économie mondialisée.
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  • 86
    ISBN: 9789264273306
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (60 p)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade, Investment and Development; Reaping the Full Benefits of Open Markets
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Trade, Investment and Development: Reaping the Full Benefits of Open Markets
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Trade
    Abstract: Les économies en développement et en transition s'efforcent d'accélérer leur développement en libéralisant leurs échanges et leurs investissements, et en saisissant les opportunités offertes par l'économie mondiale. A la suite des crises financières récentes, la crainte a cependant été exprimée que certains pays se détournent de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement. En fait, la plupart des pays touchés par la crise continuent de libéraliser échanges et leurs investissements, en quoi ils voient une solution, et non une cause de la crise. Cette étude examine les avantages et les enjeux de la libéralisation des échanges et de l'investissement pour le développement, en s'appuyant sur les expériences menées par des économies de différentes régions du monde. L'expérience montre que l'ouverture des marchés et de l'investissement a été bénéfique lorsqu'elle s'est accompagnée d'un ensemble cohérent de mesures macroéconomiques et structurelles conçues pour stimuler la croissance, d'un renforcement des capacités, d'une politique sociale appropriée, et d'une bonne gestion des affaires publiques. Qui plus est, des pays comme la Corée ou le Mexique, qui ont opposé à la crise économique la libéralisation et les réformes structurelles, en ont tiré des résultats positifs. Un nouveau cycle de négociations commerciales multilatérales est donc d'un intérêt vital pour tous les pays -- développés, en développement ou en transition -- pour préparer l'économie mondiale du XXIe siècle. Pour en savoir plus Echanges, investissement et développement : Pour la cohérence des politiques
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1999
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement 34
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews: Japan 1999
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  • 88
    ISBN: 9789264273658
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (80 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Environmental Goods and Services Industry; Manual for Data Collection and Analysis
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. The Environmental Goods and Services Industry: Manual for Data Collection and Analysis
    Keywords: Environment ; Industry and Services
    Abstract: L'industrie des biens et services environnementaux connaît une croissance rapide à travers le monde. Cette croissance résulte de la nécessité de préserver l'environnement et de l'adoption par les gouvernements et les entreprises de stratégies durables sur le long terme. Pourtant, alors que cette industrie fournit aux entreprises et aux nations les produits et services indispensables pour relever les défis environnementaux, elle reste mal définie, mal classifiée et mal comprise.Ce manuel est le fruit des travaux conjoints de l'OCDE et d'Eurostat ; il vise à fournir une base solide pour établir des statistiques de l'industrie environnementale qui soient comparables. Il s'appuie sur l'expérience récemment acquise par les pays de l'OCDE dans l'élaboration de statistiques propres à rendre compte d'une industrie si diverse qu'elle échappe souvent aux systèmes de classification traditionnels.
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  • 89
    ISBN: 9789264274488
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (192 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation of Cross-Border Portfolio Investment; Mutual Funds and Possible Tax Distortions
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Taxation of Cross-Border Portfolio Investment: Mutual Funds and Possible Tax Distortions
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Taxation
    Abstract: Les dix dernières années ont été marquées par un gonflement sensible des flux transnationaux de capitaux et par un déplacement prononcé de leur composition au profit des investissements de portefeuille, une bonne partie de ces capitaux étant gérée par des organismes de placement collectif (OPC) résidant dans les pays de l'OCDE, ainsi que dans des zones off shore en régime d'exonération fiscale. Ces phénomènes incitent les pays à réexaminer et à contrôler le fonctionnement de leur réglementation fiscale dans ce domaine, notamment en ce qui concerne l'interaction des règles fiscales nationales avec les régimes et pratiques d'autres pays, afin de permettre aux pouvoirs publics de réaliser leurs objectifs. Cet ouvrage analyse l'imposition des investissements transnationaux de portefeuille par l'intermédiaire d'organismes de placement collectif. Il met en évidence d'éventuelles distorsions fiscales spécifiques au domaine des organismes de placement collectif dans le cas d'un groupe représentatif de pays de l'OCDE. Cette analyse et les calculs qui l'étayent se veulent avant tout illustratifs et ne prétendent pas rendre compte de toute la richesse des permutations possibles entre régimes fiscaux. Mais ils identifient clairement les principales distorsions fiscales, les conditions de neutralité et les solutions offertes aux pouvoirs publics.
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264174399
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (428 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    DDC: 330
    RVK:
    Keywords: Science and Technology ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Innovation ; Wirtschaftspolitik
    Abstract: Both firms, keen to improve their competitiveness, and governments, keen to exploit new sources of economic and social progress, need to understand how innovation works in order to better stimulate it. The paradox of innovation is that it uses co-operation to enhance competition and to link many different actors in innovative clusters. In a knowledge-based economy, these clusters of innovative firms form around sources of knowledge. They are based on a sophisticated infrastructure in which knowledge is developed, shared and exchanged, and are characterised by highly concentrated and effective links between entrepreneurs, investors and researchers. Clusters can take a variety of forms, depending on their main technological and commercial areas of specialisation. In most cases they operate within localised geographical areas and interact within larger innovation systems at the regional, national and international level. With globalisation, dynamic clusters are becoming key factors in a country’s capacity to attract the international investment that generates new technological expertise, to interest investors in innovation (venture capital, etc.) and to benefit from the international mobility of skilled personnel. This book reviews the latest economic research on these issues, shows how technology policy makers in OECD countries are making practical use of the concept of clusters and suggests how government policies to foster innovation might best be refocused.
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264280199
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 92
    ISBN: 9789264272149
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Edition: Edition 1999
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  • 93
    ISBN: 9789264072510
    Language: Multiple languages , English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (384 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Keywords: Employment ; Taxation ; Industry and Services ; OECD ; Steuerbelastung
    Abstract: This annual publication provides unique information on direct taxes levied from employees and their employers in all OECD Member countries. In addition, the book specifies family benefits paid as cash transfers. Amounts of taxes and benefits are detailed program by program, for eight household types, which differ by income level and household composition. Results include the tax burden for one- and two- earner families.
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and OECD Development Centre
    ISBN: 9789264172562
    Language: English
    Pages: Online-Ressource (200 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Development Centre Seminars
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La libéralisation financière en Asie ; Analyses et perspectives
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. La libéralisation financière en Asie : Analyses et perspectives
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Development ; Industry and Services ; Asien ; Kreditmarkt ; Krise
    Abstract: Rapid globalisation has brought substantial benefits to developing Asia, but it has also heightened the risks associated with policy mistakes, weak financial institutions, and problems in corporate and public governance. The 1997 Asian crisis has demonstrated the urgent need to rethink the sequencing and comprehensiveness of financial liberalisation. Would further opening of Asia's financial systems be helpful or counterproductive in fostering financial stability? What structural reforms do emerging economies need to undertake to ensure that capital inflows are transformed into productive investment? Which regulatory and other requirements would have to be attached to further financial liberalisation? And what role should international organisations and the private sector play in crisis resolution?This volume seeks to provide answers to these questions by discussing the roots of the Asian financial crisis and suggesting some constructive approaches to crisis resolution. It was produced jointly by the Asian Development Bank and OECD Development Centre based on their fourth joint annual Forum on Asian Perspectives.
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    Language: French
    Edition: Edition 1998
    Series Statement: Examens en matière de coopération pour le développement 30
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Development Co-operation Reviews: European Community 1998
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  • 96
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and European Conference of Ministers of Transport
    ISBN: 9789264263918
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (236 p.) , ill.
    Series Statement: Tables Rondes CEMT no.107
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. User Charges for Railway Infrastructure
    Keywords: Transport
    Abstract: La séparation opérée en Europe -- au moins sur le plan comptable -- entre l'infrastructure ferroviaire et l'exploitation des trains s'est accompagnée de l'introduction progressive de redevances d'accès à l'infrastructure destinées à couvrir les coûts de circulation des trains. Mais déterminer le montant et la forme de ces redevances n'est pas chose facile, faute d'expériences vraiment probantes dans ce domaine. De fait, les systèmes de redevances diffèrent sensiblement selon les pays et les objectifs poursuivis lors de la mise en place de ce type de tarification sont multiples, voire contradictoires. Face à ce constat, la Table Ronde a tenu à rappeler, à travers ses rapports introductifs et ses débats, quelques principes économiques fondamentaux qui éclairent ce que pourrait être un système rationnel de redevances d'usage des infrastructures ferroviaires. Elle permet ainsi de faire le point sur l'un des aspects déterminants de la réforme ferroviaire en Europe. Cette Table Ronde examine tout particulièrement l'expérience de l'Allemagne, de la France, du Royaume-Uni et de la Suède.
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  • 97
    ISBN: 9789264274471
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (152 p.)
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Decentralisation and Local Infrastructure in Mexico; A New Public Policy for Development
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Decentralisation and Local Infrastructure in Mexico: A New Public Policy for Development
    Keywords: Urban, Rural and Regional Development ; Mexico
    Abstract: Quel impact la décentralisation peut-elle avoir sur l'environnement économique et social des régions rurales et urbaines du Mexique ? En quoi les fonds publics et privés investis dans les infrastructures locales peuvent-ils permettre de mieux répondre aux besoins locaux et promouvoir le développement économique ? Le développement à l'échelle locale peut-il aider à réduire les inégalités sociales et économiques ? Cette publication jette un jour nouveau sur la question de la décentralisation au Mexique. Elle montre que la décentralisation peut rendre les processus de décision plus efficaces et accroître la participation locale aux questions de développement. La décentralisation peut fournir un cadre plus favorable pour améliorer les infrastructures locales et drainer les ressources financières nécessaires, qu'elles soient publiques ou privées. Moderniser les réseaux d'infrastructure dans les villes et les régions mexicaines permettrait d' améliorer la qualité de vie et faciliterait le développement économique, stimulant par là même l'entreprenaiat et l'emploi. Grâce aux initiatives prises dans cette optique, le Mexique amorce un tournant majeur caractérisé par une plus grande adaptation à la mondialisation de l'économie et au pluralisme croissant du système mexicain. A terme, le Mexique tirera ainsi mieux parti de ses ressources naturelles et humaines, il réduira les inégalités tout en en accroissant les opportunités sur l'ensemble de son territoire.
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing and Nuclear Energy Agency
    ISBN: 9789264174351
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (256 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Projected Costs of Generating Electricity; Update 1998
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Projected Costs of Generating Electricity: Update 1998
    Keywords: Energy ; Nuclear Energy
    Abstract: Cette étude est la cinquième d'une série sur les coûts prévisionnels de la production d'électricité. Elle examine des estimations de coût pour des centrales nucléaires, au charbon, au gaz et utilisant des sources d'énergie renouvelables. Des experts de quatorze pays de l'OECD et de cinq pays non membres ont fourni des coûts d'investissement, d'exploitation et d'entretien, et de combustible pour plus de 70 centrales. Une méthode d'analyse commune permet d'obtenir des coûts actualisés comparables, exprimés en cents/kWh. En outre, l'étude explore l'influence sur les coûts des variations de la durée de vie économique et du facteur de charge des centrales ainsi que de la hausse des prix des combustibles fossiles. Faisant autorité en la matière, cette publication sera particulièrement utile aux analystes des systèmes électriques et aux experts en économie de la production d'électricité.
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  • 99
    ISBN: 9789264073074
    Language: Multiple languages , English , French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (240 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    RVK:
    Keywords: Finance and Investment ; Governance ; Versicherungswirtschaft ; Internationalisierung
    Abstract: This publication provides a unique overview and analysis of the main measures and practices which affect international insurance operations in OECD countries. The survey focuses in particular on main insurance fields where obstacles to a full liberalisation may still exist, i.e. cross-border trade and establishment of foreign branches. This is the first time since 1983 that such a work is undertaken by the OECD. This study will certainly contribute to further liberalisation of insurance markets in OECD countries and will provide an indispensable reference tool for any person involved in issues related to trade in insurance.
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Paris : OECD Publishing
    ISBN: 9789264273870
    Language: French
    Pages: Online-Ressource (52 p.) , ill.
    Parallel Title: Druckausg.
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environmental Indicators for Agriculture; Concepts and Framework Volume 1
    Parallel Title: Parallelausg. Environmental Indicators for Agriculture: Concepts and Framework Volume 1
    Keywords: Agriculture and Food ; Environment
    Abstract: Peu d'informations chiffrées permettent à l'heure actuelle d’évaluer les effets, tant nuisibles que bénéfiques, de l'agriculture sur l'environnement et de mesurer l’impact qu’ont sur l'environnement les différentes mesures prises par les pouvoirs publics. Afin de combler ces lacunes, l'OCDE a engagé un effort de grande ampleur pour élaborer un ensemble d'indicateurs agro-environnementaux pertinents pour les politiques. Ce premier volume des Indicateurs environnementaux pour l'agriculture définit un cadre analytique qui approfondit l'examen des liens entre le secteur agricole et l'environnement, ainsi que l’examen de l'agriculture durable. Il décrit les principaux concepts environnementaux rencontrés dans le secteur agricole qui présentent un intérêt pour les décideurs des pays de l'OCDE, et recense les indicateurs qu'il est nécessaire de mettre au point : utilisation d'éléments fertilisants, de pesticides et des ressources en eau ; conservation des terres ; qualité des sols et de l'eau ; gaz à effet de serre ; biodiversité ; habitats des espèces sauvages ; paysages ; incidence environnementales des pratiques de gestion des exploitations ; ressources financières des exploitations et aspects socio-culturels ruraux. Pour en savoir plus Cet ouvrage initialement publié en 1997 était épuisé. Il fait ici l’objet d’une réimpression dans le cadre de la série d’ouvrages intitulés Indicateurs environnementaux pour l'agriculture : . le Volume 2, Questions clés et conception, rend compte des avancées réalisées lors du « Séminaire de York ». . le Volume 3, Méthodes et résultats, à paraître en 2000, présentera la première série temporelle d’indicateurs environnementaux clés pour les pays de l’OCDE, pour les domaines énumérés. . le Volume 4, à paraître en 2001, rendra compte des travaux consacrés à l’utilisation des indicateurs dans l’analyse des politiques.
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