ISBN:
9781315463247
Language:
English
Pages:
1 Online-Ressource (466 pages)
Edition:
6th ed
Parallel Title:
Print version Harper, Charles Environment and Society : Human Perspectives on Environmental Issues
DDC:
304.2/8
Abstract:
Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- CONTENTS -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- CHAPTER 1 ENVIRONMENT, HUMAN SYSTEMS, AND SOCIAL SCIENCE -- Ecocatastrophe or Ecohype? -- Ecosystems: Concepts and Components -- Ecosystem Change, Evolution, and Human-Environment Interaction -- Sociocultural Systems -- Culture -- Social Institutions -- Social Structure -- The Duality of Human Life -- Worldviews and Cognized Environments -- Ecosystem and Sociocultural Evolution: Human Ecology -- Industrial Societies -- Environmental Social Sciences -- Economic Thought -- Sociological Thought -- The Greening of Social Theory and Sociology -- Conclusion: Environment, Ecosystems, and Human Systems -- The Human Driving Forces of Environmental and Ecological Change -- System Connections -- Intellectual Paradigms about Human-Environment Relations -- Personal Connections -- Questions for Review -- Questions for Reflection -- What You Can Do -- Real Goods -- More Resources -- Electronic Resources -- Notes -- CHAPTER 2 HUMANS AND THE RESOURCES OF THE EARTH : SOURCES AND SINKS -- Land and Soil -- Soil and Food -- Addressing Soil Problems -- Water Resources -- Water Scarcity and Its Problems -- Water and Political Conflict: Transboundary Waters -- Addressing Water Problems: Is Privatization the Answer? -- Conservation of Freshwater Ecosystems -- Biodiversity and Planetary Boundaries -- Biodiversity and Forests -- Declining Biodiversity -- Addressing Deforestation and Declining Biodiversity -- Wastes and Pollution -- Addressing Solid Waste Problems -- Municipal Pollution Problems -- Chemical and Animal Waste Pollution from Agriculture -- Conclusion: The Resources of the Earth -- Personal Connections -- Questions for Review -- Questions for Reflection -- What You Can Do -- Real Goods -- More Resources -- Electronic Resources -- Notes
Abstract:
CHAPTER 3 CLIMATE CHANGE, SCIENCE, AND DIPLOMACY -- Turning up the Heat -- Anthropogenic Global Warming -- The Evolving Science and Consensus -- The Social Sciences, Sociology and Climate Reductionism -- What to Do about Climate Change: Adaptation and Mitigation -- Adaptation and Vulnerability -- Society and Vulnerability to Climate Change Impacts -- Mitigation: Controversy, Conflict, and the Power of Knowledge -- Ozone Depletion and Ultraviolet Radiation -- Destroying the Ozone Layer: A Cautionary Tale of Technology and Progress -- Destroying the Ozone Layer: A Happy Ending? -- Greenhouse Diplomacy: A Binding Agreement? -- The Kyoto Protocol -- One Step Forward, Two Giant Steps Back: The Bali Road Map & the Copenhagen Accord -- The Paris Agreement -- Avoiding Runaway Climate Change: Reasons for Suspicion and Hope -- Conclusion -- Personal Connections -- Questions for Review -- Questions for Reflection -- What You Can Do-Real Goods -- More Resources -- Electronic Resources -- Notes -- CHAPTER 4 ENERGY AND SOCIETY -- A Historical Detour: Recent Energy Crises -- Energy Problems: Environmental and Social -- Source Problems: Energy Resource Supplies -- Population Growth, Economic Development, and Distribution Problems -- Policy and Geopolitical Problems -- Sink Problems: Energy and Environment -- The Energetics of Human Societies -- Low- and High-Energy Societies -- Industrialization and Energy -- Social Science and Energetics -- The Present Energy System and Its Alternatives -- Fossil Fuels -- Nuclear Energy -- Renewable Energy Sources -- Barriers, Transitions, and Energy Policy -- Barriers to Change -- Transitions and Policy -- Conclusion: Energy and the Risks We Take -- Personal Connections -- Questions for Review -- Questions for Reflection -- What You Can Do (Some Pointers from Charlie) -- Real Goods -- More Resources -- Electronic Resources
Abstract:
Notes -- CHAPTER 5 POPULATION, ENVIRONMENT, AND FOOD -- The Dynamics of Population Change -- The Demographic Transition Model -- The Demographic Divide: MDCs and LDCs -- Population Redistribution: Urbanization and Migration -- How Serious Is the Problem of World Population Growth? -- Neo-Malthusian Arguments -- Economistic Arguments -- Inequality Arguments -- Making Sense out of This Controversy -- Population, Food, and Hunger -- Change and the Contours of World Hunger -- Explaining World Hunger -- Feeding 9 Billion People in the Next 50 Years? -- Biotechnology? -- Sustainable Agriculture: Agroecology and Low-Input Farming? -- Stabilizing World Population: Policy Options -- Conclusion -- Personal Connections -- Questions for Review -- Questions for Reflection -- What You Can Do -- More Resources -- Electronic Resources -- Notes -- CHAPTER 6 GLOBALIZATION, INEQUALITY, AND SUSTAINABILITY -- Social Science Perspectives and Globalization -- Globalization Perspective I: Neoliberalism -- Globalization Perspective II: World-System Theory -- Globalization and Social Inequality -- Inequality and Environmental Impact -- Sustainability -- Growth and Sustainability: Two Perspectives -- Limits to Growth: Outbreak-Crash -- Ecological Modernization: Prosperity While Protecting the Environment -- Understanding the Controversy -- Promoting More Sustainable Consumption -- Growth, Well-Being, and Happiness -- More Sustainable Societies? -- Integrating Perspectives: Agency, Structure, and Time Horizons -- Time Horizons -- Conclusion: A Transformation to Sustainability? -- Personal Connections -- Questions for Review -- Questions for Reflection -- What You Can Do -- Real Goods -- More Resources -- Electronic Resources -- CHAPTER 7 ECONOMIC MARKETS AND POLITICS: TRANSFORMING STRUCTURES -- Economic Markets -- Environmental and Ecological Economics: Market Failures
Abstract:
Market Incentives: Environmentally Perverse or Not? -- Transforming Markets and Consumer Behavior: Green Taxes and Buying Green -- New Measures of Economic and Social Progress -- Rational-Choice and Human-Environment Problems -- Markets Alone Are Not "the" Answer -- Politics and Policy -- Strategies for Public Policy -- Policy and the Economic Production Cycle -- Policy and Social Structure -- Politics and the Limits of Policy -- The Recreancy Theorem-Mistrust of Regulatory Agencies in Complex Societies -- Transforming Economic and Political Structures -- The Environmental State and Regulatory Policy: Why Organizational Variation Matters -- Environmental Risks and Stranded Assets -- Community Management of Commons Resources -- Tradable Environmental Allowances -- The Global Political Economy and the Environment -- International Organizations, Treaties, and Regimes for Environmental Protection -- Conclusion -- Personal Connections -- Questions for Review -- Questions for Reflection -- What You Can Do -- More Resources -- Electronic Resources -- CHAPTER 8 ENVIRONMENTALISM: IDEOLOGY AND COLLECTIVE ACTION -- American Environmentalism -- Early American Environmental Movements, 1870-1950 -- American Environmentalism Since the 1950s -- Reform Environmentalism and the Environmental Lobby -- Environmental Justice and Grassroots Movements -- Other Voices: Deep Ecology, Ecofeminism, and Total Liberation -- Other Voices: Ecotheology and Voluntary Simplicity -- Anti-environmentalism: Manifest Destiny and Contemporary Countermovements -- Global Environmentalism -- Environmentalism: Popular Support and Change -- Global Environmental Concern -- American Environmental Concern -- Environmentalism: How Successful Is It? -- Personal Connections -- Questions for Review -- Questions for Reflection -- What You Can Do -- More Resources -- Electronic Resources -- Notes
Abstract:
Glossary -- References -- Index
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